This manual is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with similar types of commercial grade communications equipment. It contains all required service information for the equipment and is current as of the publication
date. Changes which may occur after publication are covered
by either Service Bulletins or Manual Revisions. These are
issued as required.
ORDERING REPLACEMENT PARTS
When ordering replacement parts or equipment information, the full part identification number should be included.
This applies to all parts : components, kits, or chassis. If the
part number is not known, include the chassis or kit number
of which it is a part, and a sufficient description of the required component for proper identification.
SYSTEM SET-UP
PERSONNEL SAFETY
The following precautions are recommended for person-
nel safety:
• DO NOT transmit until all RF connectors are verified secure and any open connectors are properly terminated.
•SHUT OFF and DO NOT operate this equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere.
• This equipment should be serviced by a qualified technician only.
SERVICE
This transceiver is designed for easy servicing. Refer to
the schematic diagrams, printed circuit board views, and
alignment procedures contained within.
Merchandise received
License and frequency allocated by FCC
Choose the type of transceiver
Transceiver programming
Are you using the optional antenna?
NO
Are you using the speaker microphone?
NO
Are you using the voice guide & storage unit?
NO
Delivery
Frequency range (MHz) RF powerType12-key
TX/RX 136~1745WTK-2180 K No
TX/RX 136~1745WTK-2180 K2Yes
A personal computer (IBM PC or compatible), programming
interface (KPG-36), and programming software (KPG-89D)
are required for programming.
(The frequency, and signalling data are programmed for the
transceiver.)
YES
KRA-22 or KRA-26
Helical antenna
(Option)
YES
YES
KMC-25
(Option)
VGS-1
(Option)
2
REALIGNMENT
1. Modes2. How to Enter Each Mode
User mode
Panel test mode
PC mode
Firmware
programming mode
Clone mode
Firmware version information
Clock adjustment mode
Panel tuning mode
Data programming mode
PC test mode
PC tuning mode
User modePower ON
Panel test mode[A] + Power ON
PC modeReceived commands from PC
Panel tuning mode[Panel test mode] + [S]
Firmware programming mode[S] + Power ON
Clone mode[B] + Power ON
Firmware version information[Side1] + Power ON
Clock adjustment mode[C] + Power ON
3. Panel Test Mode
Setting method refer to ADJUSTMENT.
ModeOperation
TK-2180
ModeFunction
User modeFor normal use.
Panel test modeUsed by the dealer to check the funda-
mental characteristics.
Panel tuning modeUsed by the dealer to tune the radio.
PC modeUsed for communication between the
radio and PC (IBM compatible).
Data programmingUsed to read and write frequency data
modeand other features to and from the radio.
PC test modeUsed to check the radio using the PC.
This feature is included in the FPU.
See panel tuning.
FirmwareUsed when changing the main program
programming modeof the flash memory.
Clone modeUsed to transfer programming data from
one radio to another.
Firmware versionUsed to confirm the internal firmware
informationversion.
Clock adjustment mode
Used by dealer to adjust data and time.
4. Panel Tuning Mode
Setting method refer to ADJUSTMENT.
5. PC Mode
5-1. Preface
The transceiver is programmed by using a personal computer, programming interface (KPG-36) and programming
software (KPG-89D).
The programming software can be used with an IBM PC
or compatible. Figure 1 shows the setup of an IBM PC for
programming.
IBM-PC
KPG-36
KPG-89D
Fig. 1
M
I
C
3
TK-2180
REALIGNMENT
5-2. Connection procedure
1. Connect the transceiver to the personal computer with
the interface cable.
2. When the POWER switch on, user mode can be entered
immediately. When PC sends command the radio enter
PC mode, and “PROGRAM” is displayed on the LCD.
When data transmitting from transceiver, the red LED is
lights.
When data receiving to transceiver, the green LED is
lights.
Note:
• The data stored in the personal computer must match
model type, when it is written into the flash memory.
The KPG-36 is required to interface the transceiver to the
computer. It has a circuit in its D-subconnector (25-pin) case
that converts the RS-232C logic level to the TTL level.
The KPG-36 connects the universal connector of the trans-
ceiver to the computers RS-232C serial port.
5-4. Programming software KPG-89D description
The KPG-89D is the programming software for the trans-
ceiver supplied on a CD-ROM. This software runs under MSWindows 98, ME, Windows 2000 or XP on an IBM-PC or
compatible machine.
The data can be input to or read from the transceiver and
edited on the screen. The programmed or edited data can be
printed out. It is also possible to tune the transceiver.
6. Firmware Programming Mode
6-1. Preface
Flash memory is mounted on the transceiver. This allows
the transceiver to be upgraded when new features are released in the future. (For details on how to obtain the firmware, contact Customer Service.)
6-2. Connection procedure
Connect the transceiver to the personal computer (IBM
PC or compatible) with the interface cable (KPG-36). (Connection is the same as in the PC Mode.)
6-3. Programming
1. Start up the firmware programming software (Fpro.exe).
2. Set the communications speed (normally, 115200 bps)
and communications port in the configuration item.
3. Set the firmware to be updated by File name item.
4. Turn the transceiver power ON with the [S] switch held
down. Then, the orange LED on the transceiver lights and
“PROG 115200” is displayed.
5. Check the connection between the transceiver and the
personal computer, and make sure that the transceiver is
in the Program mode.
6. Press write button in the window. When the transceiver
starts to receive data, the [PG] display is blinking.
7. If writing ends successfully, the checksum is calculated
and a result is displayed.
8. If you want to continue programming other transceivers,
repeat steps 4 to 7.
Notes:
• This mode cannot be entered if the Firmware Programming mode is set to Disable in the Programming software.
• When programming the firmware, it is recommend to
copy the data from the floppy disk to your hard disk before
update the radio firmware.
Directly copying from the floppy disk to the radio may not
work because the access speed is too slow.
6-4. Function
1. If you press the [Side2] switch (under of left side) while
“PROG 115200” is displayed, the display changes to
“PROG 19200” to indicate that the write speed is low
speed (19200 bps). If you press the [Side2] switch again
while “PROG 19200” is displayed, the display changes to
“PROG 38400”. If you press the [Side2] switch again
while “PROG 38400” is displayed, the display changes to
“PROG 57600”. If you press the [Side2] switch again
while “PROG 57600” is displayed, the display returns to
“PROG 115200”.
2. If you press the [Side1] switch (top of left side) while
“PROG 115200” is displayed, the checksum is calculated,
and a result is displayed. If you press the [Side1] switch
again while the checksum is displayed, “PROG 115200”
is redisplayed.
Note:
Normally, write in the high-speed mode.
7. Clone Mode
Programming data can be transferred from one radio to
another by connecting them via their external universal connectors. The operation is as follows (the transmit radio is the
master and the receive radio is a slave).
The “password” of description by explanation of 1. to 7.
are “Read Authorization Password”.
1. Turn the master transceiver power ON with the [B] key
held down. If the Data password is set to the transceiver,
the transceiver displays “CLONE LOCK”. If the password
is not set, the transceiver displays “CLONE MODE”.
2. When you enter the correct password, and “CLONE
MODE” is displayed, the transceiver can be used as the
cloning master. The following describes how to enter the
password.
4
TK-2180
Rubber spacer
Rear panel
Tighten the circle nut, after
applying “THREE BOND 1401”
to the circle nut.
REALIGNMENT / DISASSEMBLY FOR REPAIR
3. How to enter the password with the keypad;
If you press a key while “CLONE LOCK” is displayed, the
number that was pressed is displayed on the transceiver.
Each press of the key shifts the display in order to the left.
When you enter the password and press the [✳] or [S] key,
“CLONE MODE” is displayed if the entered password is
correct. If the password is incorrect, “CLONE LOCK” is
redisplayed.
How to enter the password with the encoder;
If the encoder is rotated while “CLONE LOCK” is displayed, numbers (0 to 9) are displayed flashing. When you
press the [C] key, the currently selected number is determined. If you press the [S] key after entering the password in this procedure, “CLONE MODE” is displayed if
the entered password is correct. If the password is incorrect, “CLONE LOCK” is redisplayed.
4. Power on the slave transceiver.
5. Connect the cloning cable (part No. E30-3325-05) to the
universal connectors on the master and slave.
6. Press the [S] key on the master while the master displays
“CLONE MODE”. The data of the master is sent to the
slave. While the slave is receiving the data, “PROGRAM”
is displayed. When cloning of data is completed, the master displays “END”, and the slave automatically operates
in the User mode. The slave can then be operated by the
same program as the master.
7. The other slave can be continuously cloned. When the [S]
key on the master is pressed while the master displays
“END”, the master displays “CLONE MODE”. Carry out
the operation in step 4 to 6.
9. Clock Adjustment Mode
9-1. Flow chart of operation
[C] + Power ON
YEAR
[S]
MONTH
[S]
DAY
[S]
HOUR
[S]
MINUTE
[S]
Channel selector
Channel selector
Channel selector
Channel selector
Channel selector
Completion
Notes:
Can not be cloned if the password (over write password)
is programmed to the slave.
Only the same models can be cloned together.
Cloning cable
(E30-3325-05)
MIC
MIC
Fig. 2
8. Firmware Information Mode
Turn the transceiver ON with the [Side1] switch held
down. Then, the version is displayed during holding the
[Side1] switch.
DISASSEMBLY FOR REPAIR
1. How to Attach the Rubber Spacer
1) Press the rubber spacer with fingers and insert it between
the rubber spacer and the rear panel without crevice.
5
TK-2180
DISASSEMBLY FOR REPAIR
2. How to Stick the Sheet (G11-4326-04)
1) Remove the white separation paper of the sheet first (q)
and stick the sheet on the front-glass (w).
Next, remove the transparent separation paper of the
sheet (e).
Sheet (G11-4326-04)
e
q
Front-glass
w
4. How to Attach the VGS-1
1) Remove the 2 screws.
2) The tip of tweezers is put into the screw hole of the cover
and is pried, the cover will remove.
3) Use the 2 rubber cushions and attach them to the VGS-1.
4) Plug the VGS-1 into the VGS-1 connector of the PC board,
pressing down on the top of the VGS-1 until secure.
5) The spacer turns the adhesive surface down. Next, push
between the chassis and VGS-1.
6) Replace the cover and tighten the 2 screws.
3. How to Attach the TX-RX Unit
1) In order to attach the TX-RX unit in chassis, don’t put in the
TX-RX unit aslant.
Please level the chassis and the TX-RX unit and attach
them.
Rubber cushion
(G13-1995-04)
20 x 30 x 1.0 mm
VGS-1
Rubber cushion
(G13-1974-04)
21 x 21 x 2.5 mm
VGS-1
VGS-1 connector
Spacer
(J30-1292-04)
4.5 x 24 x 3.0 mm
6
IC200
MIX, DET, IF
SWSW
Q203IC606
DMUTE
IC600 (1/2)
AF AMP
2nd local
OSC
X200
VOL
IC605
VC1
VC2
Q618
SSW
SW
ANT
SW
L111,112
L113
L215
L216
BPF
D106,107
D211,213
Q207
RF
AMP
Q206
1st MIX
Q205
IF AMP
ANT
L211
L214
BPF
XF200
MCF
1st Local
OSC (PLL)
CF200
CF201
AQUA-L
IC607
HSDO
SW
Q605
(1/2)
AM2
IC609
AF PA
INT. SP
EXT. SP
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
TK-2180
1. Overview
This transceiver is VHF/FM portable transceiver designed
to operate in the frequency range of 136 to 174MHz.
2. Circuit Configuration by Frequency
The receiver is a double-conversion superheterodyne with
a first intermediate frequency (IF) of 59.85MHz and a second
IF of 455kHz. Incoming signals from the antenna are mixed
with the local signal from the PLL to produce the first IF of
59.85MHz.
This is then mixed with the 59.395MHz second local oscillator output to produce the 455kHz second IF. This is detected to give the demodulated signal.
The transmit signal frequency is generated by the PLL
VCO, and modulated by the signal from the microphone. It is
then amplified and sent to the antenna.
TX/RX : 136~174MHz
ANT
1st MIX
ANT
SW
PA
AMP
RF
AMP
TX
AMP
Fig. 1 Frequency configuration
MCF
59.85MHz
195.85~
233.85MHz
136~174MHz
CF
455kHz
FM IF
SYSTEM
PLL
VCO
SP
AF
AMP
59.395MHz
MIC
MIC
AMP
3. Receiver System
3-1. RF unit
An incoming RF signal from the antenna terminal is
passed through the antenna switch (D106, D107, D211 and
D213 are off) and then the bandpass filter (L215, L216). The
bandpass filter is adjusted by a variable capacitor. The input
voltage to the variable capacitor is regulated by the voltage
output from the D/A converter (IC605). The signal is amplified by RF amplifier (Q207), and passed through the bandpass filter (L211, L214).
The resulting signal is applied to the first mixer (Q206),
where it is mixed with the first local oscillator signal output
from the frequency synthesizer to produce the first IF
(59.85MHz).
3-2. IF unit
The first IF signal is passed through a four-pole monolithic
crystal filter (XF200) to remove a adjacent channel signal. The
filtered first IF signal is amplified by the first IF amplifier
(Q205) and then applied to the lF system IC (IC200). The IF
system IC provides a second mixer, second local oscillator,
limiting amplifier, quadrature detector and RSSI (Received
Signal Strength Indicator). The second mixer mixes the first
IF signal with the 59.395MHz of second local oscillator output
(crystal unit X200) and produces the second IF signal of
455kHz.
The second IF signal is passed through the ceramic filter
(CF201 : Wide, CF200 : Narrow) to more remove the adjacent
channel signal. The filtered second IF signal is amplified by
the limiting amplifier and demodulated by the quadrature detector with ceramic discriminator (CD200). The demodulated
signal is routed to the audio circuit.
Fig. 2 Receiver section
7
TK-2180
SQ close
Preset
value
Preset
value
ANT input levelANT input level
SQ voltage
RSSI voltage
SQ open
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3-3. Wide/Narrow switching circuit
Wide and Narrow settings can be made for each channel
by switching the ceramic filters CF201 (Wide), CF200 (Narrow). The Wide (low level) and Narrow (high level) is output
from IC502.
When a Wide (low level) is selected, Q200 (N-ch) turn off
and Q200 (P-ch) turn on. When a Narrow (high level) is selected, Q200 (N-ch) turn on and Q200 (P-ch) turn off. D201
and D203 are switched to ceramic filters when a high/low
level is selected.
Q204 turns on/off with the Wide/Narrow and the IC200
detector output level is changed to maintain a constant output level during wide or narrow signals.
AFOUT
W/N5R
Q204
R225
W/N
“H”: Narrow
“L” : Wide
R211
C209
5C
AFOUT
D314
IC200
MXO
C215
IFI
C217
IFOUT
R208
R222
R224
CD200
QUAD
CF200
When SP-MIC is attached, SSW is connected to GND at
inside of SP-MIC. For this reason, Q618 is turned off, and the
AF signal is input only to amplifier for EXT SP of IC609.
Change of INT/EXT SP refer to Fig. 4.
AM1AM2 SSWVC1VC2SP
HLHHL INT
HLLLHEXT
LHHLLMUTE
LHLLLMUTE
AF
AM1
SSW
AM2
B
Q616
(1/2)
Q613
Q612
Q617
Q618
SW
VC1
VC2
VP
5
INT.SP
2
EXT.SP
8
IC609
IC605
AF
IC607
SW
Q605
Fig. 4 Audio amplifier circuit
8
Q200
C201
C200
D201D203
R205
CF201
R209
R215
R212
Fig. 3 Wide/Narrow switching circuit
3-4. Audio amplifier circuit
The demodulated signal from IC200 goes through the
mute switch (Q203), IC600 (1/2) and IC606, high-pass filtered, low-pass filtered, high-pass filtered and de-emphasized by IC607.
The signal then goes through mute switch (Q605 1/2), and
an electronic volume control (IC605), and an AF switch (Q618
is on), and is routed to audio power amplifier (IC609), where it
is amplified and output to the internal speaker.
The audio mute signal (AM1) from the IC502 becomes
Low in the standby and Q612, Q613 which are power supply
circuit for IC609 turn off. Also, the audio mute signal (AM2)
becomes High to turn Q605 (1/2) off. When the audio is
output, AM1 becomes High to turn Q612, Q613 on, and voltage is supplied to power terminal VP of IC609. Also, AM2
becomes Low to turn Q605 (1/2) on.
The speaker is switched by the logic of speaker switching
terminal SSW on the universal connector. When SP-MIC is
not attached, the logic of SSW becomes High and SW (Q618)
is turned on, and the AF signal is input to both amplifiers of
IC609.
3-5. Squelch circuit
The output from IC200 enters FM IC again, then passed
through a bandpass filter. The noise component output from
IC200 is amplified by Q201 and rectified by D202 to produce
a DC voltage corresponding to the noise level. The DC voltage is sent to the analog port of the CPU (IC502). And IC200
outputs a DC voltage (RSSI) corresponding to the input of the
IF amplifier. The CPU reads the RSSI signal via pin 125.
IC502 determines whether to output sounds from the
speaker by comparing the input voltage of pin 124 and pin
125 with the preset value.
IC200 : FM IF IC
IF AMP
RSSI
12
DET
BPF
AMP
Q201
NOISE
AMP
7
D202
DET
IC502
CPU
124
125
Fig. 5 Squelch circuit
Fig. 6 Squelch and RSSI voltage vs ANT input level
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
TK-2180
4. Transmitter System
4-1. Microphone amplifier
The signal from the internal microphone goes through the
mute switch (Q614).
When the SP-MIC is not attached, the microphone switching terminal (MSW) on the universal connector becomes
High, and mute switch (Q614) is turned on. When the SPMIC is attached, MSW is connected to GND at inside of SPMIC. For this reason, Q614 is turned off, the internal microphone is muted, and only the input of the external microphone is supplied to the microphone amplifier.
The signal from microphone goes through D/A converter
(IC605), mute switch (Q610), and amplified by IC608 (1/2) and
limited by AGC circuit composed of D601, D602, Q606 and
Q607. IC607 is composed of high-pass filter, low-pass filter
and pre-emphasis/IDC circuit.
The signal passes through the D/A converter (IC605) for
the maximum deviation adjustment, and enters the summing
amplifier consisting of IC600 (2/2), and is mixed with the low
speed data from the CPU (IC502).
EXT.
MIC
IC608
SW
(1/2)
AMP
AGC
D601,602
Q606,607
IC605
I1
D/A
AQUA-L
O1
IC607
VCO
IC602X1
BUFF
AMP
TCXO
Q614IC605MIC
SW
MSW
IC605
I2
D/A
Q616
(2/2)
O2
VOL
LSD
OUT
Q610
MMUTE
IC600
(2/2)
SUM
AMP
The output signal from the summing amplifier goes to the
VCO modulation input. The other output signal from the
summing amplifier passes through the D/A converter (IC605)
again for the BAL adjustment, and the buffer amplifier
(IC602), and goes to the TCXO modulation input.
4-2. VOX
The IC608 (2/2) amplify the audio signal captured in the
microphone, and then the signal is converted into the DC
voltage D603 rectifies.
The DC voltage activates the CPU (IC502), and the VOX
starts.
4-3. Drive and Final amplifier
The signal from the T/R switch (D100 is on) is amplified by
drive amplifier (Q101 and Q102) to +15~17dBm.
The output of the drive amplifier is amplified by the RF
power amplifier (Q105) to 5.0W (1W when the power is low).
The RF power amplifier is MOS FET. The output of the RF
power amplifier is then passed through the harmonic filter
(LPF) and antenna switch (D106, D107 are on) and applied to
the antenna terminal.
4-4. APC circuit
The APC circuit always monitors the current flowing
through the RF power amplifier (Q105) and keeps a constant
current. The voltage drop at R125, R127 and R130 is caused
by the current flowing through the RF power amplifier and
this voltage is applied to the differential amplifier (IC100 1/2).
IC100 (2/2) compares the output voltage of IC100 (1/2)
with the reference voltage from IC502, and the output of
IC100 (2/2) controls the VGG of Q101, Q102 and Q105 to
make the both voltages to same voltage.
The change of power high/low is carried out by the change
of the reference voltage. Q106, Q107 and Q108 are turned
on and Q104 is turned off in transmit and the APC circuit is
active.
Fig. 7 Microphone amplifier
From
T/R SW
(D100)
+B
REF
VOL
(IC502)
Q101Q102
Pre-DRIVE
AMP
R130
R127
R125
Fig. 8 Drive and final amplifier and APC circuit
DRIVE
AMP
IC100
(1/2)
Q105
RF POWER
AMP
VDDVGG
D106,107
ANT
SW
IC100
(2/2)
ANT
LPF
9
TK-2180
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
5. Frequency Synthesizer Unit
5-1. Frequency synthesizer
The frequency synthesizer consists of the TCXO (X1),
VCO, PLL IC (IC1) and buffer amplifiers.
The TCXO generates 16.8MHz. The frequency stability is
2.5ppm within the temperature range of –30 to +60°C. The
frequency tuning and modulation of the TCXO are done to
apply a voltage to pin 1 of the TCXO. The output of the TCXO
is applied to pin 8 of the PLL IC.
The VCO consists of 2VCO and covers a dual range of the
195.85~233.85MHz and the 136~174MHz. The VCO generates 195.85~233.85MHz for providing to the first local signal
in receive. The operating frequency is generated by Q7 in
transmit mode and Q6 in receive mode. The oscillator frequency is controlled by applying the VCO control voltage, obtained from the phase comparator (IC1) to the variable capacitor diodes (D5, D7, D10 and D11 in transmit mode and D9
and D13 in receive mode).
The T/R pin of IC502 goes “high” in receive mode causing
Q8 and Q7 to turn off, and Q6 turn on. The T/R pin goes
“low” in transmit mode.
The outputs from Q6 and Q7 are amplified by buffer amplifier (Q10) and doubled by Q2 and then sent to PLL IC.
The PLL IC consists of a prescaler, reference divider,
phase comparator, charge pump (The frequency step of the
PLL circuit is 10 or 12.5kHz). The input signal from the pins 8
and 5 of the PLL IC is divided down to the 10 or 12.5kHz and
compared at phase comparator. The pulsed output signal of
the phase comparator is applied to the charge pump and
transformed into DC signal in the loop filter (LPF). The DC
signal is applied to the CV of the VCO and locked to keep the
VCO frequency constant.
PLL data is output from DT (pin 112), PCK (pin 82) and PLE
(pin 81) of the microprocessor (IC502). The data are input to
the PLL IC when the channel is changed or when transmission is changed to reception and vice versa. A PLL lock condition is always monitored by the pin 80 (UL) of the microprocessor. When the PLL is unlocked, the UL goes low.
SW
VC
D100
SW
D205
IC602
To
drive
amp
FC
BAL
T/R
(TX : Low)
T/R
LPF
UL
CPU
IC502
CV
IC1
20
PLL
15
DT,PCK,PLE
Q2
Doubler
x2
5
8
Q13
BUFFVCO
To mixer
TCXO
X1
6. Control Circuit
The control circuit consists of microprocessor (IC502) and
its peripheral circuits. It controls the TX-RX unit and transfers
data to the Display unit. IC502 mainly performs the following;
1) Switching between transmission and reception by PTT
signal input.
2) Reading system, zone, frequency, and program data from
the memory circuit.
3) Sending frequency program data to the PLL.
4) Controlling squelch on/off by the DC voltage from the
squelch circuit.
5) Controlling the audio mute circuit by decode data input.
6) Transmitting tone and encode data.
6-1. Memory circuit
Memory circuit consists of the CPU (IC502) and a flash
memory (IC500). A flash memory has a capacity of 4M bits
and contains the transceiver control program for the CPU. It
also stores the data for transceiver channels and operating
parameter that are written by the FPU. This program can be
easily written from an external devices.
The EEPROM (IC504) stores the last channel data, the
scan on status, and other parameters.
■ Flash memory
Note : The flash memory stores the data that is written by
the FPU (KPG-89D), and firmware program (User mode, Test
mode, Tuning mode, etc.). This data must be rewritten when
replacing the flash memory.
■ EEPROM
Note : The EEPROM stores tuning data (Deviation, Squelch,
etc.).
Realign the transceiver after replacing the EEPROM.
■ Real-time cock
The clock function is based on real-time clock IC (IC503).
When the power supply is off, it is backed up by an internal
secondary lithium battery
IC502
CPU
FALSH
IC500
Fig. 10 Memory circuit
IC504
EEPROM
10
Fig. 9 PLL block diagram
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
TK-2180
6-2. Low battery warning
The battery voltage is monitored by the microprocessor
(IC502 pin 126 : BATTLVL). When the battery voltage falls
below the voltage set by the Low Battery Warning adjustment during the transmission, the red LED blinks to notify the
operator that it is time to replace the battery (When the “On
TX” option (default setting) under the Battery Warning / status function in the FPU is selected.). If the battery voltage
falls below 5.8V, the transceiver does not transmit and the
warning tone beeps while the PTT switch is pressed.
Low battery warningBattery condition
The red LED blinks duringThe battery voltage is low but
the transmission.the transceiver is still usable.
The red LED blinks andThe battery voltage is low and
the warning tone beeps whilethe transceiver is not usable
the PTT switch is pressed.to make calls.
6-3. Battery type detection
The transceiver automatically detects the battery type,
measuring the resistance between the S-terminal and GND
terminal on the battery pack and changes the supplied voltage to the S-terminal as below. The microprocessor then detects the battery type.
Resistor valueBattery typeInput voltage of S-terminal
OpenNi-Cd4.5~5.0V
150kΩNi-MH2.0~3.34V
47kΩLi-ion0.8~2.0V
ShortBattery case0~0.8V
6-4. Key input
When any key is pressed, KI1 or KI2 become Low. And
CPU (IC502) set Q1 to Q9 “Low” sequentially. The CPU detects which key is pressed, according to the voltage of KI1
and Kl2 and Q1 to Q9 timing.
7. Signaling Circuit
7-1. Encode
■ Low-speed data (QT, DQT, LTR)
Low-speed data is output from pin 33 of the CPU. The
signal passes through a low-pass filter (IC601 1/2), and goes
to the summing amplifier (IC600 2/2). The signal is mixed
with the audio signal and goes to the VCO and TCXO (X1)
modulation input after passing through the D/A converter
(IC605) for BAL adjustment.
HSDO
IC502
CPU
7
■ High-speed data (2-tone, 5-tone, DTMF)
High-speed data (HSD) is output from pin 7 of the CPU.
The signal passes through a low-pass CR filter and provides a
TX HSD tone and a RX HSD tone. TX HSD deviation making
an adjustment by microprocessor is passed through the
switch (IC606) and then applied to the audio processor
(IC607).
The signal is mixed with the audio signal and goes to the
VCO and TCXO. The RX HSD tone is passed a summing amplifier (IC607). The D/A converter (IC605) for audio control,
audio power amplifier and then to the speaker.
■ MSK
MSK signal is output from pin 6 of IC607. The signal
passes through the D/A converter (IC605) for the MSK deviation adjustment, and is routed to the VCO. When encoding
MSK, the microphone input signal is muted.
CK
KI1
DT
KI2
SPSTB
IC502
CPU
41
52
63
9#
80
7
CS
S1A
S2B
*
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Q7
Vss
IC500
Vdd
LCK
DATA
CLK
Vss
SO
Q10
Q9
Q8
Fig. 11 Key input
IC602 (1/2)
IC606
SW
RX Audio
IC607
AQUA-L
EXTLIMIN
5
SUM
MOD
6
RXAF
IC605
O1
I2
SW
SW
I6
I1
IC600 (2/2)
O2
O6
BUFF
AMP
SUM
TCXO
VCO
AF AMP
LSDO
33
LPF
IC601
(1/2)
Fig. 12 Encode
11
TK-2180
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
7-2. Decode
■ Low-speed data (QT, DQT, LTR)
The demodulated signal from the IF IC (IC200) is amplified
by IC600 (1/2) and passes through a low-pass filter (IC607) to
remove audio components. The signal is input to pin 128 of
the CPU.
The CPU digitizes this signal, performs processing such as
DC restoration, and decodes the signal.
■ High-speed data (DTMF)
The DTMF input signal from the IF IC (IC200) is amplified
by IC600 (1/2) and goes to IC607, the DTMF decoder. The
decoded information is then processed by the CPU. During
transmission and standby, the DTMF IC is set to the power
down mode.
IC600IC305
AMP
IC607
LPFHPF
LPF
DTMF
DECODE
XINXOUT
X600
IC201
AMP
DTRLOAD
STD
DTRCLK
DTRDO
128
COM-
PARATOR
10
HSDIN
LSDIN
IC502
CPU
Fig. 13 Decode
■ High-speed data (2-tone, 5-tone)
The demodulated signal from the IF IC (IC200) is amplified
by IC600 (1/2) and passes through an audio processor (IC607)
and amplifier IC604 (1/2) and comparator IC604 (2/2) to remove a low-speed data. The CPU digitizes this signal and
decodes the signal.
■ MSK
The MSK input signal from the IF IC is amplified by IC600
(1/ 2) and goes to pin 5 of IC607. The signal is demodulated
by MSK demodulator in IC607. The demodulated data goes
to the CPU for processing.
8. Power Supply Circuit
Battery +B is supplied via a 3A fuse from the battery terminal connected to the TX-RX unit. Power supply (+B) is applied to the four AVRs. IC402 supplies 5V (5M) to the control
circuit. IC401 and IC403 supplies 5V to common circuits.
IC406 supplies to the TX circuit, the RX circuit and common
circuits. During transmission, 5TC becomes Low and Q406
is turned on to supply 5V (5T) to the TX circuit. During reception, 5RC becomes Low and Q405 is turned on to supply 5V
(5R) to the RX circuit.
The power supply voltage monitor IC (IC400) monitors
power supply voltage (+B). If the voltage falls (less than
5.6V), the VOUT port goes “LOW” level, the CPU INT port
also goes “HIGH” level, and the CPU stops.
12
F400
3A
+B
RF power amp
Power SW
VIN
VOUT
IC400
Q409
SAVE
IC402
D405
VIN
CE
D403
Q408
VOUT
Q407
IC403
VIN
VOUT
CE
IC401
VIN
VOUT
CONT
IC406
VIN
VOUT
CONT
Fig. 14 Power supply circuit
Q401
5RC
5TC
5M
IC405
Q405
Q406
VDD
5C
5CNS
5R
5T
OUT
IC502
CPU
RESET
INT
PSW
Q502
SEMICONDUCTOR DATA
Microprocesser : M30625MGP (TX-RX unit IC502)
Pin No.Port NameI/OFunction
1VREF-+5V
2AVCC-+5V
3SBCOSwitched B control
45RCORX control
55TCOTX control
6APC/TV2OTX APC adjust / TV adjust 2
7HSDOOHigh speed data output
8STSWOSide tone switch
9RTCL/EEPCLORTC/EEPROM clock
10HSDINIHigh speed data input
11MAN-DN INIMan down switch input
12RTDT/EEPDAT I/O RTC/EEPROM data
13BYTE-+5V
14CNVSS-DGND (Vss)
15DMUTEODet mute
16AM2OAudio mute 2
17RSTIReset
18XoutO11.0592MHz clock output
19DGND-DGND (Vss)
20XinI11.0592MHz clock input
21VCC1-+5V
22NMI-+5V
23PSWIPower switch input
24INTIBATT voltage INT
25INTRAIRTC INT
26SHIFT/MODEL I/O Beat shift / Model select
27BEEPO Beep out
28SPSTBOBU2099 storage enable
29VCO ADJOVCO adjust switch
30LEDROLED red
31LEDGO LED green
32DSTBOSTB for DAC
33LSDOOLow speed data output
34KEY1IKey matrix 1 input
35KEY2IKey matrix 2 input
36TXD1I/O TXD1 and PTT (SC20-460)
37Vcc1-+5V
38RXD1IRXD1
39DGND-DGND (Vss)
TK-2180
Pin No.Port NameI/OFunction
40MMUTEOMic mute
41AUXIAUX key
42TXDOTXD (COM0)
43RXDIRXD (COM0)
44AFDATO BB TDATA and DTRCLK
45AFDIOI/O BB DI/O
46AFDIROBB DIR
47DTRLOADOBB DTMF enable
48AFSTDIBB STD
49LSWOBB LIM switch
50RDY-+5V
51NC-Non connection
52HOLD-+5V
53NC-Non connection
54~57EN4~EN1IEncoder in 4~1
58NCONon connection
59RDORead (RD)
60NCONon connection
61WROWrite (WR)
62APCSWOAPC switch output
63DSWOAPC voltage discharge switch
645UCO5U control
65BTSE/VOXOBATT select / VOX input switch
66LCDRSTOLCD reset
67LCDCSOLCD chip select
68CS0OChip select 0
69NC--
70~79A18~A9OAddress bus 18~9
80ULIPLL unlock
81PLEOPLL enable
82PCKOPLL clock
83NC-NC
84OPT6OOption board I/F 6
85VCC2-+5V
86A8OAddress bus 8
87DGND-DGND (Vss)
88~95A7~A0OAddress bus 7~0
96PTTIPTT input
97AFRTMIBB RDF/FD
13
TK-2180
SEMICONDUCTOR DATA / COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
Pin No.Port NameI/OFunction
98TCLK/DTRDOIBB TCLK and DTRDO
99SAVEOSave
100T/ROTX/RX switch
101AM1OAF PA switch
102LCDRSOLCDRS
103SSWIEXT/INT SP switch input
104~111
112DTOSerial data
113CKOSerial clock
114W/NOWide/Narrow switch
115~119
120BATTSEL/VOXIBATT select and VOX input
121THP/VCO ADJIThermal detect and VCO adjust
122VOLIVolume level input
123PFIPF key in
124ASQIRX Analog SQ. input
125RSSIIRX RSSI input
126BATT LVLIBATT level
127AGND-DGND (Vss)
128LSDINILow speed data input
D7~D0I/O Data bus 7~0
OPT 1~OPT 5 I/O Option boad I/F 1~5
Key Processor
: BU2099FV (Display unit IC500)
Pin No.Port NameI/OFunction
1Vss-GND
2NC-
3DATAISerial data input
4CLKISerial clock input
5LCKIStorage enable input
6Q0OLCD back light control
7~15Q1~Q9OKey matrix output
16Q10ONC
17Q11ONC
18SOONC
19OEI/LCDRST
20VDDI5V
14
Display unit (X54-3470-XX)
Ref. No.Part nameDescription
IC500ICKey processor
IC501ICVoltage regulator / LCD
IC502,503 ICLCD control
Q501,502 TransistorBack light control
Q504FETLCD reset
Q505FETContrast control
D500DiodeContrast control
D501,502LEDKey back light (TK-2180-K2 only)
D511~514
D515~520
D522DiodeKey control
LEDKey back light (TK-2180-K2 only)
LEDKey back light
TX-RX unit (X57-6930-10)
Ref. No.Part nameDescription
IC1ICPLL system
IC100ICComparator (APC)
IC200ICFM IF system
IC400ICVoltage detector / INT
IC401~403
IC404IC5T control
IC405ICVoltage detector / Reset
IC406ICVoltage regulator / 5V
IC500ICFlash memory
IC502ICMicroprocessor
IC503ICRTC processor
IC504ICEEPROM
IC505ICSelector
IC600ICAF buffer
IC601ICLSD LPF / V REF
IC602ICLSD buffer to TCXO
IC603ICTune
IC604ICHSD BPF / HSD COMP
IC605ICD/A converter
IC606ICAF switch
IC607ICAQUA-L
IC608ICMIC AMP / VOX
IC609ICAF power AMP
Q1TransistorFin filter shift switch
Q2TransistorPLL IC f_in AMP
Q6FETVCO / RX
Q7FETVCO / TX
Q8FETDC switch / TX VCO
Q9FETDC switch / RX VCO
Q10TransistorRF buffer AMP
ICVoltage regulator / 5V
COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
TK-2180
Ref. No.Part nameDescription
Q11TransistorRipple filter
Q12FETDC switch / RX VCO
Q13TransistorRF AMP
Q14TransistorFin filter shift switch
Q101FETPre-drive AMP
Q102FETTX drive AMP
Q104TransistorAPC switch
Q105FETTX final AMP
Q106TransistorAPC switch
Q107,108 FETAPC switch
Q200FETW/N filter shift switch
Q201TransistorSQL noise AMP
Q202FETW/N noise switch
Q203FETAF mute
Q204TransistorW/N switch / RX
Q205TransistorIF AMP
Q206FETMixer
Q207FETRF AMP
Q400TransistorLED switch / Green or Red
Q401FETPower switch
Q402FETSBC switch
Q403TransistorSB2 switch
Q404Transistor5R switch
Q405FET5R switch
Q406Transistor5T switch
Q407FET5M switch
Q408Transistor5M switch
Q409FETSAVE switch
Q502FETINT switch
Q602TransistorLIMIT switch
Q605TransistorAF switch
Q606,607 TransistorMIC AGC
Q608FETAF switch
Q609FETOP switch
Q610FETMMUTE switch
Q611FETOP switch
Q612,613 TransistorSP control
Q614FETMIC shift switch
Q615TransistorSP control
Q616,617 FETAF mute
Q618FETSP control
Q619FETSide tone switch
Q620TransistorSide tone switch
Q621TransistorBeet shift switch
Q622Transistor5UC switch
Ref. No.Part nameDescription
Q623,624 FET5UC switch
D1~4DiodeT / R switch
D5,7VariableFrequency control / TX VCO
D10,11
D9,13VariableFrequency control / RX VCO
D17VariableModulator
D18DiodeCurrent steering
D100DiodeTX/RX RF switch
D103Zener diodeAPC protect
D106,107DiodeANT switch
D108Zener diodeAPC switch
D200DiodeSQL control
D201DiodeFilter switch
D202DiodeSQL rectifier
D203DiodeFilter switch
D204DiodeDMUTE control
D205DiodeTX/RX RF switch
D207~210
D211,213DiodeANT switch
D314Diode5R protector
D400LEDLED Red & Green
D402DiodeReverse protection
D403DiodePower switch control
D404DiodeBatt level control
D405Diode5M protector
D406Diode5M control
D408Diode5T control
D500~502
D600DiodeAF BUFFER control
D601~603
D604Zener diodeMIC shift control
D605DiodeSP control
D606Zener diodeMIC shift control
D607Zener diodeSP control
D608Zener diodeMIC shift control
D609DiodeRXD control
D610DiodeTXD control
D611Zener diodePTT PF TXD RXD control
D612Zener diodeOPT control
D613DiodeSSW control
D614DiodeSP control
capacitance diode
capacitance diode
capacitance diode
VariableRF BPF tuning
capacitance diode
DiodeRTC BATT control
DiodeDetector
15
TK-2180
PARTS LIST
✽ New Parts. indicates safety critical components.
Parts without Parts No. are not supplied.
Les articles non mentionnes dans le Parts No. ne sont pas fournis.
Teile ohne Parts No. werden nicht geliefert.
L : ScandinaviaK : USAP : Canada
Y : PX (Far East, Hawaii)T : EnglandE : Europe
Y : AAFES (Europe)X : AustraliaM :Other Areas
Ref. No.
601A✽ K29-9305-03KNOB (CH SELECTOR)
A2DN08-0548-04DRESSED SCREW ACCESSORY
B3B✽ N09-2426-04HEXAGON HEAD SCREW
C3B✽ N14-0806-04CIRCULAR NUT
D3B✽ N14-0810-04CIRCULAR NUT
E2A,3AN30-2004-45PAN HEAD MACHINE SCREW
F2BN30-2604-46PAN HEAD MACHINE SCREW
G3AN30-2608-45PAN HEAD MACHINE SCREW
H2C✽ N30-3008-60PAN HEAD MACHINE SCREW ACC
J2A,2BN83-2005-46PAN HEAD TAPTITE SCREW
C165CC73HCH1H270JCHIP C27PFJ
C168CC73HCH1H220JCHIP C22PFJ
C200CK73HB1A104KCHIP C0.10UFK
C201CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C202CK73HB1C223KCHIP C0.022UF K
C203CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C204CK73HB1A104KCHIP C0.10UFK
C205CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C206,207CK73HB1A104KCHIP C0.10UFK
C208CK73HB1H182KCHIP C1800PF K
C292CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C400CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C401,402CK73HB1H471KCHIP C470PFK
C403CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C404CK73HB1H471KCHIP C470PFK
C232CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C233CK73HB1H471KCHIP C470PFK
C234CK73HB1A104KCHIP C0.10UFK
C235,236CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C237CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C243CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C244CC73HCH1H1R5BCHIP C1.5PFB
C245CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C246CC73HCH1H090BCHIP C9.0PFB
C247CC73HCH1H030BCHIP C3.0PFB
C248CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C250CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C253CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C255CC73GCH1H040BCHIP C4.0PFB
C256CC73HCH1H040BCHIP C4.0PFB
C257CC73HCH1H470JCHIP C47PFJ
C258CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C260CC73GCH1H020BCHIP C2.0PFB
C261CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C262CC73HCH1H470JCHIP C47PFJ
C511CC73HCH1H270JCHIP C27PFJ
C512CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C514CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C515CC73HCH1H150GCHIP C15PFG
C516CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C633CK73HB1C103KCHIP C0.010UF K
C635CC73HCH1H101JCHIP C100PFJ
C636CK73HB1A104KCHIP C0.10UFK
C638CK73HB1H102KCHIP C1000PF K
C640,641CK73GB0J475KCHIP C4.7UFK
C642CK73HB1A473KCHIP C0.047UF K
C644CK73HB1C123KCHIP C0.012UF K
C645CK73HB1A104KCHIP C0.10UFK
C646CK73GB0J475KCHIP C4.7UFK
C647CK73HB1C123KCHIP C0.012UF K