Kentrox AI296 User Manual
AI296
TM
16-Port High Speed Multi-Protocol Line Card
User’s Guide
Version 9.8x
Part Number 296UM Rev 5
© 2008 by Kentrox, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008 by Kentrox, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The ma terial discussed in this publication
is the proprietary property of Kentrox, Inc. Kentrox retains all rights to reproduction and
distribution of this publication.
Kentrox is a registered trademark of Kentrox, Inc. Applied Innovation, Applied Innovation Inc., the
AI logo, and other names are the intellectual property of Kentrox. All other product names are
trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
Information published here is current as of this document’s date of publication, but is subject to
change without notice. You may verify product information by contacting our headquarters in
Oregon. Kentrox is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action employer.
Kentrox, Inc.
5800 Innovation Dr.
Dublin, Ohio USA 43016-3271
Toll Free: (800) 247-9482
International: +1 (614) 798-2000
Fax: +1 (614) 798-1770
15201 NW Greenbrier Pkwy.
Suite C6
Beaverton, Oregon USA 97006
Toll Free: (800) 733-5511
Direct: (503) 643-1681
About this Document
This document explains how to install, configure, and operate the AI296 16-port high speed
multi-protocol line card.
You should have a working knowledge of the following:
z Your network
z AISwitch
z X.25 protocol
z Asynchronous protocols
z TCP/IP
z PC or asynchronous terminal configuration
TM
technology
i
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
About this Document: Document Conventions
Document Conventions
Table 1 describes the text conventions used in this document.
Convention Meaning
Table 1 Document Conventions
Screen Text, Menu Items,
System Prompts, Messages
and Reports
Static Command Text
This style indicates Kentrox configuration screen text,
menu items, system prompts, messages, and reports.
In a command statement, this style indicates text that
should be entered exactly as shown at a command line.
Variable Command Text
In a command statement, this style indicates
user-specified text.
...
In a command statement, ellipses (...) signify that the
preceding parameter can be repeated a number of
times.
[ ]
[ | ]
In a command statement, square brackets indicate an
optional parameter. Two or more parameters in square
brackets with a vertical bar ( | ) between them indicate a
choice of optional parameters.
{ | }
In a command statement, two or more parameters in
braces with a vertical bar ( | ) between them indicate a
choice of required parameters.
Variable Field Text This style indicates variable information you type in a
dialog box field.
KEYS Uppercase body text indicates keys on a keyboard,
such as the TAB or ENTER keys. Keys used in
combination are connected with a plus symbol (+).
Labels This style designates physical components on Kentrox
products such as jumpers, switches, and cable
connectors.
Note messages emphasize or supplement important
Note:
points of the main text.
Important: Important messages provide information that is
essential to the completion of a task.
Tip messages provide information that assists users in
Tip:
ii
operating equipment more effectively.
Table 1 Document Conventions (Continued)
Convention Meaning
Caution messages indicate that failure to take a
CAUTION:
specified action could result in loss of data and/or harm
to the software or hardware.
Warning messages indicate that failure to take a
WARNING:
specified action could result in physical harm to the
user.
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
About this Document: Document Conventions
iii
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
ENSURE PROPER COOLING
About this Document: Cautions and Warnings
Cautions and Warnings
Electrostatic Discharge Caution
CAUTION: Kentrox equipment and its peripherals contain electrostatic sensitive
components. Proper handling, shipping, and storage precautions must
be exercised:
z Y ou must remove and inst all cards in a static-free environment. W ear
an antistatic wrist strap that is plugged into the Kentrox equipment so
you are grounded at the same point as the equipment.
z Do not remove cards from their antistatic plastic bags until you are
ready to install them into the chassis.
z Immediately after you remove a card from the chassis, you must
insert it into its antistatic bag.
z When the cards are not in use, keep them in their antistatic plastic
bags.
z Do not ship or store cards near strong electrostatic, electromagnetic,
or radioactive fields.
Ground Caution
CAUTION: For Kentrox equipment to operate safely and correctly, there must be a
safety ground strap between the equipment ground bolts and the office
ground.
Proper Cooling Caution
CAUTION: When AI296 is installed into an AI180TM AIswitch series 180 chassis, the
chassis must be equipped with the AIcool
HS heat baffle with sensor assemblies.
The AI180I AIswitch series 180 integrated chassis has a built-in fan and
baffle assembly and does not require additional assemblies.
TM
chassis cooling and Baffle-
iv
FCC Warning
The Federal Communications Commission has set limits for emitted radio
interference, and AI296 is constructed with this electromagnetic interference (EMI)
limitation in mind. AI296 is classified under FCC regulations as a Class A device, that
is, a device for use in commercial environments and not in residential areas. This
device has been tested and shown to comply with the following FCC rule: Part 15
Subpart J. Operation of this equipment in a residential area may cause interference to
radio and TV reception, requiring the user to take whatever steps are necessary to
correct the interference.
Information is available from the FCC describing possible corrective actions. To
maintain low EMI levels, we suggest that you use only metal connector s and shielded
cable grounded to the frame.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
About this Document: Cautions and Warnings
v
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
About this Document: Customer Assistance
Customer Assistance
Kentrox offers technical support 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Before you contact Kentrox for assistance, please have the following information
available:
z The type of hardware and software you are using
z The error number and exact wording of any messages that appeared on your
screen
z What happened and what you were doing when the problem occurred
z How you tried to solve the problem
Web Site Support
Support is available 24 hours a day using our Web site at:
http://www.kentrox.com
Email Support
Email support is available 24 hours a day. When you use email support, please be
sure to include the details of your problem within the email.
To contact Technical Support, send email to:
techsupport@aiinet.com
Phone Support
Phone support is available. When you call Kentrox for support, please be sure you
are at your computer and have the details of your problem available.
To contact Technical Support, call (866) 480-3571.
Kentrox Product Documentation
To order documentation, please contact your sales representative at
(800) 247-9482 or +1 (614) 798-2000.
You can also access and view the most current versions of Kentrox product
documentation on our Web site at:
http://www.kentrox.com
vi
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Product Description ..............................................................1-1
Features .......................................................................................................................1-2
Break Propagation ............................................................................................1-2
BX.25 Compatibility ..........................................................................................1-2
DCD/DSR/RTS/DTR Signal Lead Control ........................................................1-2
Dynamic Port Configuration .............................................................................1-2
EIA Lead Signaling ...........................................................................................1-2
IRB Connectivity ...............................................................................................1-2
Line Monitoring Diagnostics .............................................................................1-2
Link-to-Link Call Routing ..................................................................................1-3
Performance Monitoring, Maintenance, Troubleshooting .................................1-3
Remote and Local Configuration ......................................................................1-3
Simultaneous Connections ...............................................................................1-3
Single Alias Translation ....................................................................................1-3
SNMP Manageability ........................................................................................1-3
Standalone Configuration .................................................................................1-3
System Diagnostics ..........................................................................................1-4
TID Multiplexing ................................................................................................1-4
AI296 Hardware Components ......................................................................................1-5
Front Panel Components .................................................................................1-6
Technical Specifications ...............................................................................................1-7
Individual Port Access ..................................................................................................1-8
CAB257 Cable ..................................................................................................1-8
DP196 Distribution Panel .................................................................................1-8
Typical Applications ...................................................................................................1-11
Asynchronous to TCP/IP Application .............................................................1-11
IP Over X.25 Networks ...................................................................................1-12
Mixed Asynchronous and X.25 Networks .......................................................1-14
X.25 to TCP/IP Application .............................................................................1-16
X.25 Trunking .................................................................................................1-17
Chapter 2: Using the AI198
Accessing the Menu System ........................................................................................2-2
Navigating the Menu System .......................................................................................2-3
Menu Numbering Structure ..............................................................................2-3
Types of Menu Items ........................................................................................2-3
TM
Menu System ........................................ 2-1
TOC-1
Table of Contents
Exiting the Menu System .............................................................................................2-6
Chapter 3: AI296 Local Menu System ....................................................3-1
Identifying AI296 Menu System Security Options ........................................................3-2
Multilevel User Name and Password Security .................................................3-2
RADIUS Authentication ....................................................................................3-2
TACACS+ Authentication .................................................................................3-2
PPP Authentication Protocols (PAP and CHAP) ..............................................3-2
Logging Into AI296 .......................................................................................................3-3
Using a Telnet Connection for Login ................................................................3-3
Using an Asynchronous Port for Login .............................................................3-4
Accessing the Local Menu System ..............................................................................3-6
Navigating the Local Menu System ..............................................................................3-7
Identifying Types of Menu Items ......................................................................3-7
Accessing the Help Menu ............................................................................................3-9
Exiting the Local Menu System ..................................................................................3-10
Chapter 4: System Configuration ...........................................................4-1
General System Properties Configuration ....................................................................4-2
Destination Menu Break Sequence ..................................................................4-2
Ethernet Port Settings ......................................................................................4-4
FTP Port ...........................................................................................................4-5
IP Settings ........................................................................................................4-6
Passive Link Settings .......................................................................................4-8
System Prompt ...............................................................................................4-10
TCP Settings ..................................................................................................4-11
Telnet Port ......................................................................................................4-12
RADIUS Configuration ...............................................................................................4-14
Server Settings ...............................................................................................4-14
Shell/FTP Options ..........................................................................................4-16
TACACS+ Configuration ............................................................................................4-18
Server Settings ...............................................................................................4-18
Shell/FTP Options ..........................................................................................4-19
SNMP Configuration ..................................................................................................4-21
Authentication Traps ......................................................................................4-21
Community Names .........................................................................................4-22
Contact Persons .............................................................................................4-24
Node Information ............................................................................................4-24
SNMP Manager ..............................................................................................4-25
Static Route Configuration .........................................................................................4-27
IP Address Settings ........................................................................................4-27
TID to Modem Mux Configuration ..............................................................................4-28
TOC-2
Table of Contents
Inactivity Timeout ...........................................................................................4-28
Initialization String ..........................................................................................4-29
Port Bit Settings ..............................................................................................4-30
TID to Route ...................................................................................................4-31
Time Configuration .....................................................................................................4-33
Daylight Savings Time ....................................................................................4-33
SNTP Settings ................................................................................................4-34
Time Zone ......................................................................................................4-36
Chapter 5: IP Over X.25 Subnet Configuration ......................................5-1
Configuration Overview ................................................................................................5-2
Local Settings ...............................................................................................................5-3
Local IP Address for this Subnet ......................................................................5-3
Local IP Subnet Mask ......................................................................................5-4
Local X.25 Link Number ...................................................................................5-5
Remote Settings ...........................................................................................................5-6
Remote IP Address for this Subnet ..................................................................5-6
Remote X.121 Address ....................................................................................5-7
Chapter 6: Link Configuration ................................................................6-1
AI296 Link Types .........................................................................................................6-2
Asynchronous ...................................................................................................6-2
Asynchronous PPP ..........................................................................................6-2
HDLC-Bridge .................................................................................................... 6-3
MLT ..................................................................................................................6-3
Synchronous PPP ............................................................................................6-3
X.25 .................................................................................................................. 6-4
BX.25 Configuration .....................................................................................................6-5
BX.25 Configuration Values Usage ..................................................................6-5
BX.25 Modulo ...................................................................................................6-6
BX.25 Support ..................................................................................................6-7
BX.25 Timer Settings .......................................................................................6-8
Connect Options Configuration ..................................................................................6-10
Alias ................................................................................................................6-10
Call Retry Interval ...........................................................................................6-11
Connect String ................................................................................................6-12
Connection Settings .......................................................................................6-14
Link Application ..............................................................................................6-16
Disconnect Options Configuration ..............................................................................6-18
Disconnect Inactivity Timer Settings ..............................................................6-18
Disconnect Settings ........................................................................................6-20
TOC-3
Table of Contents
Disconnect String ................................ .......... ........... ........... ...........................6-21
General Link Properties Configuration .......................................................................6-23
Auto Disable Error Limit .................................................................................6-23
Flow Control ...................................................................................................6-24
Hardware Interface (Interface Type) ..............................................................6-25
Interface Mode ...............................................................................................6-27
Link Description ..............................................................................................6-28
Link Mode .......................................................................................................6-29
Link Number ...................................................................................................6-30
Link State .......................................................................................................6-31
Link Type ........................................................................................................6-32
Passive Link with Clocking .............................................................................6-33
Port Data Bits .................................................................................................6-34
Port Parity .......................................................................................................6-35
Port Speed .....................................................................................................6-36
Port Stop Bits .................................................................................................6-38
Sync Port Encoding ........................................................................................6-39
Xon Repeat Interval ........................................................................................6-40
General PPP Properties Configuration ......................................................................6-42
IPCP Address Settings ...................................................................................6-42
Maximum Unit Settings ..................................................................................6-44
Network Control Protocol ...............................................................................6-45
LAPB Parameters Configuration ................................................................................6-47
Frame Settings ...............................................................................................6-47
Interface Mode ...............................................................................................6-48
LAPB Timer Settings ......................................................................................6-49
N2 Retry Counter ...........................................................................................6-50
Modem Option Configuration .....................................................................................6-52
Modem String .................................................................................................6-52
Dialing Time-out Interval ................................................................................6-53
Number of Dial Attempts ................................................................................6-54
PPP Authentication Configuration ..............................................................................6-56
Local Authentication Settings .........................................................................6-56
RAS Option ....................................................................................................6-58
Remote Authentication Settings .....................................................................6-60
Quick X.25 Configuration ...........................................................................................6-62
Frame Settings ...............................................................................................6-62
Interface Mode ...............................................................................................6-63
Number of PVCs ............................................................................................6-64
Packet Settings ..............................................................................................6-65
Passive Link Settings .....................................................................................6-66
Port Speed .....................................................................................................6-67
SVC Settings ..................................................................................................6-68
TOC-4
Table of Contents
X.121 Local Address ......................................................................................6-69
RTS/DTR Lead Control Configuration ........................................................................6-71
DTR State Configuration ................................................................................6-71
RTS State Configuration ................................................................................6-72
X.25 Parameters Configuration ..................................................................................6-75
Maximum Packet Size ....................................................................................6-75
Packet Window Size .......................................................................................6-76
Protocol Version .............................................................................................6-77
X.25 Counter Settings ................................... ........... ........... .......... .................6-78
X.25 Facilities Negotiation ............................. .................................................6-80
X.25 Timer Settings .................................................. ........... ...........................6-81
X.121 Local Address ......................................................................................6-84
Virtual Circuit Configuration .......................................................................................6-85
Number of PVCs ............................................................................................6-85
PVC Configuration Settings ............................................................................6-86
SVC Configuration Settings ............................................................................6-90
Chapter 7: TID Multiplexing ....................................................................7-1
Overview ......................................................................................................................7-2
TID Multiplexing Configuration .....................................................................................7-4
Configuring the Parent Alias .............................................................................7-4
Configuring the Children Aliases ......................................................................7-7
Example Configurations .................................................................................7-10
TID Multiplexing Troubleshooting ...............................................................................7-15
RTRV-HDR .....................................................................................................7-15
Diagnostics for TID Multiplexing .....................................................................7-17
Chapter 8: Alias and Call Routing Configuration ....................................8-1
Overview ......................................................................................................................8-2
Call Routing ..................................................................................................................8-5
Configuring an Alias in the AI198 Menu System ..............................................8-5
Configuring an Alias in the AI296 Menu System ..............................................8-7
Configuring an Alias with X.25 Keep-Alive .....................................................8-10
Source/Destination Protocol Tables ...........................................................................8-12
Source/Destination Protocol Tables for the AI198 Menu System ..................8-12
Source/Destination Protocol Tables for the AI296 Menu System ..................8-20
Protocol Processing Modules .....................................................................................8-29
Module Types .................................................................................................8-29
Module Properties ..........................................................................................8-36
Alias Macros ...............................................................................................................8-38
Alias Macro Components ...............................................................................8-38
TOC-5
Table of Contents
Alias Macro Configuration ..............................................................................8-43
Alias Configuration Examples ....................................................................................8-45
SVC to SVC Connection ................................................................................8-45
SVC to PVC Connection ................................................................................8-47
PVC to SVC Connection ................................................................................8-49
MLT Route ......................................................................................................8-51
Link-to-Link Call Routing ................................................................................8-53
Chapter 9: AI296 Commands .................................................................9-1
Commands Overview ...................................................................................................9-2
Shell Commands ..............................................................................................9-2
Shell Connections ............................................................................................9-2
winslc Commands ........................................................................................................9-4
aaa ...............................................................................................................................9-6
alarm ..........................................................................................................................9-12
arp ..............................................................................................................................9-16
break ..........................................................................................................................9-19
bridge .........................................................................................................................9-21
creset .........................................................................................................................9-22
date ............................................................................................................................9-23
debug ......................................................................................................................... 9-24
delete .........................................................................................................................9-26
diag-conn ...................................................................................................................9-27
diag-eth ...................................................................................................................... 9-29
diag-info .....................................................................................................................9-37
diag-line ......................................................................................................................9-46
diag-tconn ..................................................................................................................9-49
dir ...............................................................................................................................9-50
exit ..............................................................................................................................9-51
head ...........................................................................................................................9-52
help ............................................................................................................................9-53
id ................................................................................................................................9-55
ip ................................................................................................................................9-56
ip init ...........................................................................................................................9-57
link ..............................................................................................................................9-59
linkstat ........................................................................................................................ 9-61
log ..............................................................................................................................9-64
logout .........................................................................................................................9-65
ls .................................................................................................................................9-66
menu ..........................................................................................................................9-67
more ...........................................................................................................................9-68
pad .............................................................................................................................9-69
panic ...........................................................................................................................9-71
TOC-6
Table of Contents
passwd .......................................................................................................................9-72
ping ............................................................................................................................9-73
pppstatus ....................................................................................................................9-74
profile .........................................................................................................................9-76
pvcedit ........................................................................................................................9-78
pvclist ......................................................................................................................... 9-80
reset ........................................................................................................................... 9-82
rz ................................................................................................................................9-83
selcnf .......................................................................................................................... 9-84
sholog .........................................................................................................................9-85
show ...........................................................................................................................9-86
staeia ..........................................................................................................................9-89
standalone ..................................................................................................................9-91
staslc .......................................................................................................................... 9-92
syncflash ....................................................................................................................9-94
sz ................................................................................................................................9-95
tacacs .........................................................................................................................9-96
tacacs server ..............................................................................................................9-99
tail .............................................................................................................................9-103
tcpoutconn ................................................................................................................9-104
tftp ............................................................................................................................9-105
tftpboot ..................................................................................................................... 9-108
timezone ...................................................................................................................9-110
trace .........................................................................................................................9-112
traceroute ................................................................................................................. 9-114
type ..........................................................................................................................9-115
update ...................................................................................................................... 9-116
uptime ...................................................................................................................... 9-117
useradd .................................................................................................................... 9-118
userdel .....................................................................................................................9-120
users ........................................................................................................................9-121
who ...........................................................................................................................9-122
xvc ............................................................................................................................9-123
Appendix A: AI296 System Codes ........................................................ A-1
X.25 Cause Codes and Diagnostic Codes ...................................................................A-2
Standard Reset Indication Cause Codes .........................................................A-2
Kentrox-Specific Reset Indication Cause Codes ..............................................A-3
Standard Clear Indication Cause Codes ..........................................................A-3
Standard ISO Diagnostic Codes ......................................................................A-4
CCITT Diagnostic Codes ..................................................................................A-4
Kentrox-Specific Diagnostic Codes ..................................................................A-7
TOC-7
Table of Contents
Crash Codes ................................................................................................................A-8
Common Crash Codes ............................................. ........... .......... ........... ........A-8
AI296 Crash Codes ..........................................................................................A-9
System Failure Crash Reports ....................................................................... A-10
Kentrox Technical Support .........................................................................................A-11
Appendix B: Standalone Mode and Switch Mode ................................. B-1
Standalone Mode .........................................................................................................B-2
Downloading Software for a Standalone AI296 ................................................B-2
Configuring BOOTP/TFTP ...............................................................................B-3
Switch Mode .................................................................................................................B-4
Downloading Software for AI296 in Switch Mode ............................................B-4
Appendix C: Commands for AI296 TACACS+ Server Enhancements .. C-1
AI296 Commands ........................................................................................................C-2
AI296 Menu Aliases .....................................................................................................C-3
FTP Sessions ...............................................................................................................C-4
TOC-8
1
Product Description
This chapter provides an overview of the AI296 16-port high speed multi-protocol line card.
Guide to this Chapter
Features
AI296 Hardware Components
Technical Specifications
Individual Port Access
Typical Applications
1-1
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Product Description: Features
Features
The AI296 16-port high speed multi-protocol line card provides 16 physical ports for
asynchronous or X.25 connections between NEs and OSSs in a carrier’s network.
AI296 includes the following features:
Break Propagation
AI296 supports break propagation on X.25, asynchronous, or TCP protocols. Refer to
Chapter 8: Alias and Call Routing Configuration
break handling.
BX.25 Compatibility
AI296 is BX.25 compatible and supports passive links.
DCD/DSR/RTS/DTR Signal Lead Control
AI296 supports user selectable disconnect on DCD low, DCD high-to-low transition,
DSR low, and DSR high-to-low transition. Additionally, AI296 allows for user
selectable connection control of DTR/RTS.
for details about available types of
Dynamic Port Configuration
Any X.25 or asynchronous parameter can be changed and individual links can be
reconfigured without resetting AI296. X.25 and asynchronous parameters take effect
after disabling and then re-enabling the affected link.
EIA Lead Signaling
AI296 can program the disconnected and connected states of EIA signals and toggle
the leads. The system can use EIA signaling to simulate modem style access to host
computers. These signaling options provide a secure and flexible connection to any
asynchronous host or modem port. Refer to command staeia on page 9-89
details.
IRB Connectivity
AI296 communicates with other cards in the same chassis over an internal repeater
bus. It cannot communicate over the backplane with line cards that do not use the
IRB.
Line Monitoring Diagnostics
X.25 line monitoring diagnostics are available from the shell connection. Refer to
command diag-line on page 9-46
for more
for more details.
1-2
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Product Description: Features
Link-to-Link Call Routing
Link-to-link call routing lets users route all SVC calls coming in on one X.25 link to
another X.25 link. By using X.25 link-to-link call routing, it is now possible to create a
default route for all calls from a specified X.25 link. The alias for the default link-to-link
route can route all calls destined for the same link. On previous versions of AI296,
users had to create an alias for each unique called address.
Performance Monitoring, Maintenance, Troubleshooting
Shell and winslc commands let users handle performance monitoring, maintenance,
and troubleshooting for AI296.
Remote and Local Configuration
AI296 can be configured from AI198TM by accessing the AI198 menu system. AI198 is
accessible using a Telnet session or by plugging a terminal into the AI198 Craft port.
Simultaneous Connections
AI296 supports up to 1024 simultaneous X.25 to IP and/or IP to X.25 virtual
connections. It supports 512 simultaneous X.25 to X.25 virtual connections or child
connections. These connections may be distributed in any combination across the 16
available serial ports on AI296.
Single Alias Translation
Single alias translation allows routing a call from an incoming link on one AI296 to an
outgoing link on a second AI296/AI232
feature is used to route an X.25 connection across two AI296/AI232/AIscout cards
using TCP/IP.
SNMP Manageability
AI296 supports configuration using SNMP as well as monitoring. SNMP traps are
generated by AI296 and are sent to all the management stations that exist in the trap
table.
Standalone Configuration
AI296 operates as a standalone card when it is installed in the AIswitch series 110
chassis. Standalone mode lets AI296 function without dependence on AI198 for
configuration and management. Refer to Appendix B: Standalone Mode and Switch
Mode for more details.
TM
/AIscoutTM with a single alias. Generally, this
1-3
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Product Description: Features
System Diagnostics
AI296 lets users view diagnostic data on existing connections and internal information
about serial links. For more information about viewing system diagnostics, refer to
sections:
z diag-conn on page 9-27
z diag-eth on page 9-29
z diag-info on page 9-37
z diag-line on page 9-46
z diag-tconn on page 9-49.
TID Multiplexing
TID multiplexing allows a single call from a legacy X.25 OSS to fan out into multiple
calls to various NEs. The initiating call may be X.25, asynchronous, or TCP. Refer to
Chapter 7: TID Multiplexing
for more details.
1-4
Product Description: AI296 Hardware Components
AI296 Hardware Components
AI296 has four high density connectors that provide 16 asynchronous, HDLC-Bridge,
PPP, or X.25 ports. Individual ports are derived by using a cable assembly or a
distribution panel. Protocol changes to a single port can be made without interrupting
communications on the other ports. Each port operates at speeds up to 115 kilobits
per second asynchronous or 128 kilobits per second synchronous.
AI296 supports both X.25 and TCP/IP protocols and provides concurrent X.25,
TCP/IP, HDLC-Bridging, and asynchronous functionality . An Ethernet port is available
on the front panel or on the backplane interface (IRB). AI296 uses the IRB to transfer
data to and from other cards in the system and network.
AI296 can be used in an AI shelf with other AI network interface cards to provide
single, multiple, and redundant trunk lines with a variety of physical port and protocol
types, including:
z EIA-232
z EIA-530
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
z X.25
z V.35
z IP
z Asynchronous
z PPP
z HDLC-Bridge
When combined with other AI network interface cards, typical applications include
collection, concentration and trunking of alarm and event messages from many NEs
to one or more OSSs and operations centers.
AI296 meets Bellcore Network Equipment Building Standards (NEBS) to ensure
reliable operations in Central Offices and other telecommunications facilities.
CAUTION: AIswitch and its peripherals contain electrostatic sensitive components.
Exercise proper handling, shipping, and storage precautions.
1-5
DC OK
FAULT
LINKS
5-8
LINKS
13-15
LINKS
1-4
LINKS
9-12
A
CT
L
I
NK
COL
10
B
A
S
E
T
AI296
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Product Description: AI296 Hardware Components
Front Panel Components
Figure 1-1 displays the AI296 front panel components.
DC OK LED Illuminates green when +5 Volts are
present.
FAULT LED Illuminates red if the card fails.
LINKS 5-8 Connector Provides four asynchronous, HDLC-
Bridge, PPP or X.25 ports.
LINKS 13-16 Connector Provides four asynchronous, HDLC-
Bridge, PPP or X.25 ports.
LINKS 1-4 Connector Provides four asynchronous, HDLC-
Bridge, PPP or X.25 ports.
LINKS 9-12 Connector Provides four asynchronous, HDLC-
Bridge, PPP or X.25 ports.
ACT LED Illuminates green when the card is
transmitting or receiving packets.
LINK LED Illuminates green when valid link integrity
pulses are being received.
COL LED Illuminates red when collisions are
detected.
10BASET
Connector Specifies the external 10BaseT port
connector.
Figure 1-1
1-6
AI296
Technical Specifications
Table 1-1 lists the AI296 technical specifications.
Table 1-1 Technical Specifications
Component Description
I/O Ports 16 asynchronous, HDLC-Bridge, PPP or X.25 (selectable
per port during configuration)
Note: Individual ports are derived by using a CAB257 cable
Port Speed 300 bps to 128 Kbps or exte rnal clocking (selectable per port
during configuration)
Electrical Interfaces RS-232, RS-530, and V.35 (selectable per port during
configuration)
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Product Description: Technical Specifications
assembly for each connector or by using the Model
DP196 distribution panel.
Installation Requires one slot in an AI chassis (can be hot swapped)
Current Draw 4.2 A at +5 VDC, maximum
Compliance For use with AI UL Listed AIswitch Series Chassis.
1-7
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
LINK 1 LINK 5
LINK 2 LINK 6
LINK 3 LINK 7
LINK 4 LINK 8
LINK 1 LINK 5
LINK 2 LINK 6
LINK 3 LINK 7
LINK 4 LINK 8
Product Description: Individual Port Access
Individual Port Access
Individual ports are accessed by using a cable assembly or a distribution panel. AI2 96
uses the following components to derive ports:
z CAB257 Cable
z DP196 Distribution Panel
CAB257 Cable
The CAB257 cable has a multi-connector end that provides four DB-25 connectors.
Four CAB257 cables are needed to derive all 16 ports.
DP196 Distribution Panel
The DP196 distribution panel provides the physical interface for AI296 with sixteen
DB-25 connectors. The distribution panel is available in two sizes for 19-inch or 23inch rack installations. Figure 1-2
the specifications.
displays the distribution panel and Table 1-2 lists
Figure 1-2 DP196-19/23 Distribution Panel
Table 1-2 DP196-19/23 Specifications
Description Specification
Mounting DP196-19—Mounts to a 19-inch rack
DP196-23—Mounts to a 23-inch rack
I/O Ports Sixteen DB-25 connectors
Weight (approximately) 2.5 lb. (1.12 kg)
Size Height: 4 in. (10.16 cm)
Width: 19 in.(48.26cm)/23in. (58.42 cm)
Depth: 1.12 in. (2.84 cm)
Cable CAB162—Connects one connector (4 ports) on AI296 to
the distribution panel. Each distribution panel requires
four cables.
1-8
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Pin 25
Pin 1
Pin 14
Pin 13
Product Description: Individual Port Access
DB-25 Connectors
Table 1-3 displays pin assignments for the DB-25 connectors on the DP196-19/23
distribution panel.
Figure 1-3 DB-25 connector Pin Assignments
Table 1-3
displays the DP196-19/23 pin assignment specifications.
Table 1-3 DP196-19/23 Pin Assignment Specifications
Pin Signal Direction
2 TXD- Output
3 RXD- Input
4 RTS- Output
5 CTS- Input
7 Signal GND ---8 DCD- Input
9 RXC+ Input
10 DCD+ Input
12 TXC+ Either
13 CTS+ Input
14 TXD+ Output
15 TXC- Either
16 RXD+ Input
17 RXC- Input
1-9
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Pin 1 Pin 8
Product Description: Individual Port Access
Table 1-3 DP196-19/23 Pin Assignment Specifications (Continued)
Pin Signal Direction
19 RTS+ Output
20 DTR- Output
23 DTR+ Output
The following characteristics apply to pin assignments:
z Any pin assignment not referenced on a connector is not connected.
z Signals with a (-) sign after them are used when RS-232 is selected.
z Signals with both (+) and (-) after them are used when RS-530, V.35, or V.11 are
selected.
z When RS-530 is selected, both the (+) and the (-) signals are used. The DSR is
only supported in RS-232 mode. There is no DSR+ signal.
Note: The pin assignments also apply to CAB257.
RJ45 10BaseT Connectors
Figure 1-4 displays the RJ45 10BaseT connector.
Figure 1-4 RJ45 10BaseT Connector on an AI296 Front Panel
Figure 1-4
Pin Signal Direction
1 TD+ Output
2 TD- Output
3 RD+ Input
lists the specifications for the RJ45 10BaseT connector.
Table 1-4 RJ45 10BaseT Connector Specifications
6 RD- Input
CAB182 cables connect network elements to the individual connectors on the
distribution panel (straight through applications).
1-10
Typical Applications
Asynchronous NE
Asynchronous NE
Asynchronous NE
Operating Support System
AI296
IP Network
AI296 is used primarily for X.25 trunking and connecting different types of network
elements. The following applications are discussed in this section:
z Asynchronous to TCP/IP Application
z IP Over X.25 Networks
z Mixed Asynchronous and X.25 Networks
z X.25 to TCP/IP Application
z X.25 Trunking
Asynchronous to TCP/IP Application
Figure 1-5 illustrates an asynchronous to TCP/IP application.
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Product Description: Typical Applications
Figure 1-5 Asynchronous to TCP/IP Application
1-11
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
AI296 AI296
SNMP
Manager
SNMP
Manageable
Device
(example
AI198)
IP Over Ethernet
IP Over Ethernet
IP Network
IP Network
X.25 Packet
Network
Product Description: Typical Applications
The following events occur in Figure 1-5:
z The OSS sends TCP/IP calls to AI296.
z AI296 routes the TCP/IP calls to an asynchronous NE using an asynchronous
port.
IP Over X.25 Networks
Figure 1-6 illustrates a common IP over X.25 application.
1-12
Figure 1-6 IP Over X.25 Network
In Figure 1-6
, AI296 is used to tunnel IP traffic through an X.25 network. AI296 can be
configured to encapsulate IP packets, making it possible to achieve IP connectivity
across a legacy X.25 network. The most common application for this functionality is to
transport SNMP management information across an X.25 network.
Important: IP/X.25 transport works only over SVCs.
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
Product Description: Typical Applications
Figure 1-6 on page 1-12 illustrates the following events:
z The SNMP Network Manager (for example, AppliedView) sends TCP/IP calls over
an IP/Ethernet network to AIswitch (AI296).
z AI296 encapsulates the TCP/IP calls within X.25 SVC calls and sends them
through the X.25 packet network.
z The X.25 packet network sends the X.25 calls to a remote AIswitch (AI296).
z The remote AI296 returns the X.25 calls to TCP/IP calls based on its static routing
tables.
z AI296 sends the TCP/IP calls over the IP/Ethernet network to the
SNMP-managed device (for example, AI198).
1-13
AI296 Version 9.8x User’s Guide
X.25 Packet
Network
DDM 2000
FLM 150
Titan DACS
DDM 2000
FLM 150
Titan DACS
AI296
AI296
Operating
Support System
Asynchronous NE
IRB
Product Description: Typical Applications
Mixed Asynchronous and X.25 Networks
Figure 1-7 illustrates both X.25 network elements and asynchronous network
elements connected to a remote OSS using a single X.25 trunk.
Figure 1-7 Mixed Asynchronous and X.25 Network
1-14
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