Keithley Instruments 2910 Data Sheet

Digital Signal

Processor

(DSP)

Field

Programmable

Gate Array

(FPGA)

Digital

Upconverter

(DUC)

Arbitrary
Waveform
Generator

Memory

Digital-to-

Analog

Converter

(DAC)

2910

RF Vector Signal Generator

• Exceptional signal generation

capability at an economical
price

• Fast frequency tuning and

amplitude level settling
– both <1.6ms

• Outstanding level accuracy

– typically <±0.3dB

• Continuous frequency range

of 400MHz–2.5GHz spans key
mobile wireless frequency
bands

• Intuitive, easy-to-use graphical

user interface

• 40MHz modulation bandwidth

using internally generated
modulation

• ≥200MHz modulation band-

width using external I/Q inputs

• Built-in waveforms for popular

digital (GSM/GPRS/EDGE,
cdmaOne/cdma2000 1xRTT, and
WCDMA) and analog (CW, AM,
FM, ΦΜ , noise, two-tone CW,
and pulsed) signal formats

• GUI supports editing waveform

files and creating new ones for
GSM, GPRS, EDGE, WCDMA,
cdmaOne, and cdma2000
downlink signals

• 256MB (64 mega-samples)

built-in arbitrary waveform
generator supports
downloading waveforms
generated externally

• Half-rack, 3U enclosure fits

easily into both rack and
benchtop system configurations

• Remote control via Ethernet,

USB, and GPIB interfaces

• LXI Class C compliant

• Readily updatable software-

defined radio architecture

• 3-year standard warranty

1.888.KEITHLEY

www.keithley.com

(U.S. only)

The Model 2910 RF Vector Signal Generator is the first in a series of Keithley RF instruments that
sets a new price/performance standard. It’s priced significantly less than instruments or systems with
comparable levels of functions and performance and offers far more functionality and better perfor­mance than comparably priced equipment. While the Model 2910 offers capabilities and ranges that
make it ideal for production testing of today’s sophisticated mobile handsets, it also has features that
make it useful for applications like testing mobile communications infrastructure, RFICs, and wire­less connectivity devices. The Model 2910’s exceptional testing capabilities and ease of use make it a
good choice for use in mobile communications research and education settings.

When characterizing or verifying DUT performance, the speed of the RF signal generator can have
a major impact on overall test throughput and, therefore, the cost of test. Higher speed also makes
it possible for manufacturers to respond quickly to increased volume demands. The Model 2910 is
designed to execute key tasks like frequency tuning, amplitude switching, and waveform changes
significantly faster than other products available.

The Model 2910’s continuous frequency range of 400MHz to 2.5GHz spans key mobile wireless
bands. Digital waveforms for key tests in major cellular formats (GSM, GPRS, EDGE, WCDMA, cdma­One, cdma2000) for testing handsets are built in, as is support for analog modulation (continuous
wave, two-tone continuous wave, amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation,
pulse modulation, and noise). The 64 mega­sample Arbitrary Waveform Generator (ARB)
and 40MHz modulation bandwidth support
downloading a wide range of externally gener­ated signal waveforms. A 2MHz noise bandwidth
supports “quick-check” noise immunity tests on
a variety of devices.

The instrument’s software-defined radio archi­tecture gives telecom manufacturers the testing
flexibility needed to keep pace with changing
wireless technologies, as well as fast frequency
tuning, amplitude settling, and waveform switch­ing. New signal structures and instrument fea­tures can be incorporated easily and economi­cally with ongoing firmware updates.

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

Figure 1. The Model 2910’s software-defined
radio architecture allows manufacturers to
adapt it readily to changing test requirements.

Signal generator for mobile communications testing

RF/MICROWAVE SWITCH & INST.

1

2900

Ordering Information

2910-FRK RF Connector on

2910-RRK RF Connector on Rear,

2910-F RF Connector on

2910-R RF Connector on Rear,

* Versions configured for rack installation
include rack mount kit and exclude bum­pers and handle.

** Versions configured for bench-top use
include bumpers and handle and exclude
rack mount kit.

Options

2910-ARB 64 Mega-Sample

2910-GSM GSM Signal

2910-CDMA2000

Signal generator for mobile communications testing

2910-WCDMA

2910-LPN Low Phase Noise

ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE

2910-RMK Rack Mount Kit
2910-BENCH-KIT Bench-Top Kit: Bumpers and Handle
2910-DCBLOCK External DC Block
2910-ADA PTER-KIT Cable and Adapter Accessory Kit

Front, Configured for
Rack Installation*

Configured for Rack
Installation*

Front, Configured for
Bench-top Use**

Configured for Bench­top Use**

Arbitrary Waveform
Generator

Generation Personality

cdma2000 Signal
Generation Personality

WCDMA Signal
Generation Personality

RF Vector Signal Generator

Higher Speed for Lower Cost of Test

A state-of-the-art digital signal processor (DSP) and high speed RF architecture provide the Model
2910’s speed and help reduce RF device manufacturers’ cost of test:

• Faster tuning. The Model 2910 can switch frequencies in less than 1.6 milliseconds for unmodu-

lated signals and less than 1.8 milliseconds for modulated signals, which is significantly faster than
many higher-priced competitive instruments.

• Faster amplitude settling. When changing signal amplitude levels, the Model 2910’s unique RF

output structure settles to specified level accuracy in less than 1.6 milliseconds for unmodulated
signals and less than 1.8 milliseconds for modulated signals, which is significantly faster than most
competitive instruments.

• Highly responsive controls. The Model 2910’s high speed response to user inputs from the front

panel or to programmed commands ensure fast waveform downloads and fast switching from one
waveform to another, eliminating waiting times.

• Large Arbitrary Waveform Generator. A built-in Arbitrary Waveform Generator (AWG) with

256MB (64 mega-samples) of waveform memory allows users to have many waveforms resident in
memory simultaneously. The large memory supports downloading ARB files created with external
software packages like MATLAB
Switch quickly between waveforms—typically in less than three milliseconds.

Powerful Built-in Tools and Capabilities

The most important digital signal structures needed to produce forward link (downlink) signals for
all the major cellular formats (GSM, GPRS, EDGE, WCDMA, cdmaOne, cdma2000) are already built in
to the Model 2910. The intuitive graphical user interface (GUI) greatly simplifies generation of non­standard signals or modification of existing waveforms for GSM, GPRS, EDGE, WCDMA, cdmaOne,
and cdma2000 forward link (downlink) signals. The large arbitrary waveform generator memory
and 40MHz of modulation bandwidth extend the signal generation capability to virtually any signal
with up to 40MHz of bandwidth. For applications that require even more modulation bandwidth,
the Model 2910 gives users the external I/Q modulation inputs (with ≥200MHz of modulation
bandwidth).

The Model 2910’s continuous tuning capability from 400MHz–2.5GHz covers all the key mobile com­munications bands, but also expands its applications far beyond the production test floor. The user­friendly GUI, easy-to-use front panel controls, and range of analog modulation capabilities make it an
equally good choice for R&D applications.

Superior Signal Generation Accuracy

Digital baseband processing and optimal real-time digital reconstruction filtering allow the Model
2910 to deliver an extremely clean signal to a high performance I/Q modulator. As a result, the
modulator produces signals with outstanding
modulation quality. For example, the error
vector magnitude (EVM) for EDGE signals is
extremely low (<0.5%). This ensures precise,
repeatable signals that help minimize measure­ment errors.

Outstanding amplitude accuracy (<0.5dB, typi­cally <0.3dB) and linearity (<0.05dB) minimize
signal level uncertainty, which minimizes mea­surement errors, simplifies the testing process,
and allows for tighter specifications for devices
under test.

®

, Mathcad®, or other tools capable of generating I/Q waveforms.

APPLICATIONS

• Mobile handset production test

• Handset R&D and design
verification

• Testing mobile communications
infrastructure

• RFIC testing

• Wireless connectivity testing
(802.11b/g WLAN, Bluetooth)

• Research and education in
mobile communications

1.888.KEITHLEY

RF/MICROWAVE SWITCH & INST.

www.keithley.com

2

(U.S. only)

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

2910 RF Vector Signal Generator

Easy to Configure, Easy to Use

A variety of features combine to simplify configuring and operating Model
2910-based RF test systems:

• Intuitive GUI. The simplicity of the Model 2910’s touch-screen graphi-

cal user interface makes it ideal for both experienced RF test engineers
and novices such as students.

• Compact size. At just 3U (5.25 inches) high and half the width of a

19-inch rack, the Model 2910 is equally well-suited for test rack installa­tion and benchtop use. Its compact enclosure makes it easy to pair with
complementary half-rack RF instruments for a lot of testing capability in
little space.

• Choice of remote programming interfaces. The Model 2910 offers

wide connection flexibility when linking it to a system controller. Its
built-in 100Base-T Ethernet and USB interfaces allow direct, high speed
programming and command transfer. A GPIB interface is also included
for use in legacy environments.

• Flexible remote software tools. A collection of tools are included with

the Model 2910 to provide flexibility and simplicity to developers of
remote control software applications. Programmers can develop applica­tions directly in SCPI or make use of IVI-COM and IVI-C drivers, or a
suite of LabVIEW™ building blocks.

• LXI Class C Compliance. The Model 2910 supports the physical, pro-

grammatic, LAN, and web portions of the emerging LAN eXtensions for
Instrumentation (LXI) standard. The Model 2910 is the first RF signal
generator to be certified LXI compliant.

• Graphical Help system. The comprehensive and easy-to-use documen-

tation in the instrument’s Help system is accessible both through the
GUI and off-line, so users can refer to it while working directly with the
Model 2910 or while working at their desks on their PCs.

Figure 2. The Model 2910 features an intuitive GUI that simplifies
selecting, creating, or editing a variety of waveforms.

Signal generator for mobile communications testing

Keithley’s Growing RF Line

The Model 2910 is the latest addition to our expanding RF/wireless test
offering. In fact, Keithley serves many stages within the wireless industry,
starting with our automated DC/RF parametric test systems for wafer-level
testing. Component manufacturers often choose Series 2400 and 2600
SourceMeter
RFICs. Keithley’s high speed power supplies and battery/charger simulators
are widely used in board-level handset testing and our THD Multimeters
and Audio Analyzing DMMs are popular choices for audio test systems. We
also have a broad array of RF/microwave signal routing solutions, in both
standard and custom configurations, ranging from stand-alone switches
and simple plug-in modules for multimeters to fully integrated turnkey
solutions designed for production test applications.

®

instruments for high speed DC testing of packaged parts like

1.888.KEITHLEY

www.keithley.com

(U.S. only)

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

Figure 3. The Model 2910 rear panel.

RF/MICROWAVE SWITCH & INST.

3

2910 RF Vector Signal Generator

FREQUENCY

FREQUENCY RA NGE:1 400MHz to 2.5GHz.
FREQUENCY SET TING R ESOLUTION: 0.1Hz.
FREQUENCY SW ITCHING TIME (to within 0.1ppm of final value):

≤1.6ms (modulation off ), ≤1.8ms (modulation on).
≤3.0ms (characteristic).

3

FREQUENCY ACCURACY: Same as frequency reference + synth resolution term.

2

4

FREQUENCY NOTES

1. Over-ra nge operation is pr ovided: 325MHz to 2.7GHz. Pe rform ance at frequencies below 40 0MHz and above

2.5GHz is not specified.

2. List mode or sweep mode. Free run or hardware trigger. ALC off. Modulation on or off.

3. To within 0.1ppm of final va lue. Via remote comm and af ter receipt of end-of-opera tion indicator (EOI). ALC
off. Modulation on or off.

4. Synthesi zer resolution term ≤5µHz.

INTERNAL FREQUENCY REFERENCE

AGING RATE: ≤1ppm /year.
TEMPERATURE STABILITY: ≤±0.2ppm.

INTERNAL FREQUENCY REFERENCE NOTES

1. Total var iation r elative to 23°C. 0° to 50 °C ambient temperature ra nge.

1

FREQUENCY REFERENCE OUTPUT

FREQUENCY: 10MHz ± reference accurac y.

Model 2910 Specifications

AMPLITUDE INTO 50
IMPEDANCE: 50

Ω: +5dBm ±3dB (characteristic).

Ω (characteristic).

EXTERNAL FREQUENCY REFERENCE INPUT

FREQUENCY: 1 to 20MHz.1
AMPLITUDE: Lock Range: –5 to +20dBm.
IMPEDANCE: 50Ω (characteristic).

EXTERNAL FREQUENCY REFERENCE INPUT NOTES

1. On 10Hz bou ndaries: F
acceptable.

2. For optimum phase noise 0 to +10dBm.

= 1MHz + n * 10H z. Reference accu racy ≤±1ppm. Sine or square wave inputs

ref

2

AMPLITUDE

AMPLITUDE LEVEL RANGE (CW): –12 0 to +13dBm.
AMPLITUDE LEVEL RA NGE (GSM): –120 to +6dBm.
AMPLITUDE LEVEL RANGE (EDGE): –120 to +6dBm.
AMPLITUDE LEVEL RANGE (cdma2000): –120 to +3dBm.
AMPLITUDE LEVEL RA NGE (WCDMA): –120 to +4dBm.

1

2

AMPLITUDE SET TING R ESOLUTION: 0.01dB.
CW ABSOLUTE AMPLITUDE LEV EL ACCURACY:

≤±0.5dB (+13 to –75dBm) (≤±0.3dB [+13 to –110dBm] typical).

3

≤±0.6dB (–76 to –110dBm) (≤±0.3dB [+13 to –110dBm] typical).
≤±1.0dB (–110 to –115dBm) (≤±0.6dB [–110 to –115dBm] typical).

RELATIVE AMPLITUDE ACCURACY (linearity): ≤±0.05dB (characteristic).
AMPLITUDE REPEATABILITY: <±0.05dB.
AMPLITUDE SWITCHING TIME:

≤1.6ms (modulation off ), ≤1.8ms (modulation on).
≤3.0ms (characteristic).

8

5

6

7

<2.6ms (modulation off) characteristic, <4.1ms (modulation on) characteristic.

4

9

OUTPUT MATCH–VSWR: <1.35:1 (<1.25:1 characteristic).
REV ERSE POW ER PROTECTION: +35dBm or 10VDC.

10

AMPLITUDE NOTES

1. +3dBm ma x. for Pilot only. +0.5dBm m ax. for Fo rwa rd 9 chan nel.

2. +4dBm ma x. for CPICH only. –1.0dBm ma x. for Test Model 1 with 16 DPCH .

3. Power change over temperature: 0.015dB/°C (0° to 50°C).

4. –110dBm < P

5. ALC mode = fast. Modulation off. P

6. To within ±0.05dB of fi nal va lue (to within ±0.15dB for power changes that cr oss P
level range specs for P

7. List mode or sweep mode. Free run or h ardwa re trigger. ALC of f.

8. Via remot e comma nd, af ter receipt of end-of -operation ind icator ( EOI). ALC off. Modulatio n on or off.

9. ALC = Auto ( Fast for modulation off, Sa mple & Hold for mo dulation on).

10. Up to 50VDC with external DC block option (2910-DCBLOCK).

< +2dBm. Modulation off.

out

values for each modulation.

max

< +2dBm.

out

–11dB). See amplitude

max

LIST AND STEP SWEEP MODES

FREQUENCY STEP/SWEEP: Start, Stop, Number of Points, Dwell Time.
AMPLITUDE STEP/SWEEP: Start, Stop, Number of Points, Dwell Time.
DWEL L TIME MIN./ MAX .: 0 to 1 second. Dwell time resolution = 0.1ms.
ARBITRARY LIST: List of Frequency/Amplitude/Dwell Time set s. Max imum number of sets = 1000.

SPECTRAL PURITY

SSB PHASE NOISE: ≤–117 dBc/Hz (<–124 dBc/Hz characteristic).
SSB PHASE NOISE WITH LOW PHASE NOISE OPTION (2910-LPN):

≤–120 d Bc/Hz (<–124d Bc/Hz characteristic).
≤–113 dBc/Hz (<–117dBc/Hz char acteristic).

1

2

HARMONICS: ≤–30dBc (Fc < 550MHz); ≤–40dBc (Fc ≥ 550M Hz).
NON-HARMONIC SPUR IOUS: <–55dBc (<–60dBc characteristic).

SPECTRAL PURITY NOTES

1. 20kHz offset at 1GHz carrier.

2. 20kHz offset at 2GHz carrier.

3. P

≤ +4dBm.

out

4. Offset from carrier >10kHz. P

1.888.KEITHLEY

= 0dBm. Modulation off.

out

(U.S. only)

RF/MICROWAVE SWITCH & INST.

www.keithley.com

4

1

ARBITRARY WAVEFORM GENERATOR

WAVEFORM MEMORY: 64 megasamples (256MB). Complex samples: 16-bit I, 16-bit Q.
MAXIMUM MODULATION BA NDWIDTH (internal modulation generation): 40MH z (character-

istic), <1dB flatness.

3

4

MINIMUM SEGMENT LENGTH: 100 samples.
MAXIMUM SEGMENT LENGTH: 64 megasamples.
MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SEGMENTS: 1,000.

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

2910 RF Vector Signal Generator

–50

–60

–70

–80

–90

–100

–110

–120

–130

–140

–150

Frequency (kHz)

Phase Noise (dBc/Hz)

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000

DIGITAL MODULATION

EVM FOR W- CDMA: <1.2% rms (typical), 1.0% rms (characteristic).
RHO FOR cdma200 0/cdmaOne: >0.9995 (typical), >0.9998 (characteristic).
EVM FOR EDGE: <0.75% rms (typical), <0.5% rms (character istic).
PHASE ER ROR FOR GSM: <0.2° rms (typical), <0.15° rms (characteristic).
ACP FOR W-CDM A:

<–59dBc adjacent, <– 68dBc alternate (characteristic).

ACP FOR cdma2000/cdmaOne:

<–61dBc adjacent, <–84dBc a lternate (characteristic).

ORFS FOR EDGE (Offsets: 200kHz/400kHz/600kHz): <–37/–63/–69d Bc (characteristic).

<–37/–69/–76dBc (characteristic).

ORFS FOR GSM: <–35/–65/–69dBc (characteristic).

<–36/– 69/–76dBc (characteristic).

DIGITAL MODULATION NOTES

1. CPICH only.

2. Pilot only.

3. Adjacent: 5M Hz off set. Alternate: 10MHz of fset. CPICH only.

4. Adjacent: 75 0kHz offse t. Alternate: 1.98M Hz offset. Pi lot only. P

5. 400MHz ≤ F

6. F

= 1GHz. P

carrier

7. 4 00M H z ≤ F

8. F

= 1GHz. P

carrier

–50

–60

–70

–80

–90

–100

–110

Phase Noise (dBc/Hz)

–120

–130

–140

–150

Characteristic Single Side Band Phase Noise, Carrier Frequency = 1GHz

Characteristic Single Side Band Phase Noise, Carrier Frequency = 2GHz

1.888.KEITHLEY

3

<–57dBc adjacent, <– 65dBc alternate (typical).

4

<–60dBc adjacent, <–75dBc alternate (typical).

7

8

= 0dBm.

≤ 2.5GHz. –10 ≤ P

carrier

= 0dBm.

out

≤ 2.5GHz. –10 ≤ P

carrier

= 0dBm.

out

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000

≤ +6dBm.

out

≤ +6dBm.

out

out

Frequency (kHz)

(U.S. only)

www.keithley.com

1

2

5

6

FM MODULATION FREQUENCY RANGE: 1Hz to 100kHz.
FM MODULATION FR EQUENCY SETTING RESOLUTION: 1Hz.
FM DEVIATION INTERNAL SINE WAVE ONLY: 0Hz to 1MHz.
FM DISTORTION: 1.5% (character istic).
AM MODULATION FREQUENCY RANGE: 1Hz to 100kHz.
AM MODUL ATION FREQUENCY SETTING RESOLUTION INTERNAL SINE WAVE ONLY: 1Hz.
AM MODULATION DEPTH: 0 to 100%.
AM DISTORTION: <1% (characteristic).

ΦM MODULATION FREQUENCY R ANGE: 1Hz to 100kHz.
ΦM MODULATION FREQUENCY SET TING R ESOLUTION: 1Hz.
ΦM DEVIATION: 0 to 100 radians.
ΦM DISTORTION: <1.5% (characteristic).

PM PULSE REPETITION RATE: 1Hz to 100k Hz.

1

PM PULSE REPETITION RATE SETTING RESOLUTION: 1Hz.
PM MINIMUM PULSE W IDTH: 1.2µs.

2

PM ON-OFF R ATIO (characteristic): >50dB.3 >10 0dB.
PM RISE/FALL TIME (10% to 90%) (characteristic): <600ns.5 <2µs.

4

6

TWO-TONE CW SEPARATION SETTINGS: 2Hz to 2MHz.

7

TWO-TONE CW 3rd ORDER INTERMODULATION (characteristic): –54 dBc.
TWO-TONE CW CA RRIER FEEDTHROUGH (characterist ic): –65dBc.
NOISE MODULATION BA NDWIDTH: 1kHz to 2MHz.

9

8

ANALOG MODULATION NOTES

1. Pulse period (1/Pulse Rate) will be set to nearest multiple of 0.4µs.

2. Pulse w idth will be set to nearest mu ltiple of 0.4µ s.

3. Pulse w idths (on or of f) <50 µs.

4. Pulse w idths ≥50µs. Va lid only when Pulse Modul ation is the only ac tive modulation t ype.

5. Pul se wid ths <50 µs.

6. Pulse w idths ≥50µs.

7. Relative to power of desired tones. P

8. Relative to amplitude of desired tones. P

9. 6dB double sided.

= 0dBm.

out

out

= 0dBm.

Model 2910 Specifications

EXTERNAL MODULATION

ANALOG MODULATION

MAXIMUM MODUL ATION BANDWIDTH (externa l I/Q inputs): ≥200MHz (characteristic), 3dB

bandwidth. Inputs applied directly to I/Q modulator. Optimal drive voltage ±0.8V. User needs
to provide correction for IQ AC and DC amplitude and phase skew and offsets.

TRIGGER AND SYNCHRONIZATION INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

TRIGGER INPUT: TTL.

Trigger Modes:

• Free Run

• Trigger steps in sweep/list

• Trigger a sweep/list

• Trigger start of a rb waveform

Trigger Source:

• SCPI or front panel trigger

• Rising edge of ex ternal TTL input

• Falling edge of external TTL input

Trigger Delay:

• 0 to 1 second

EVEN SECOND CLOCK INPUT: TTL.

External even second clock.

SYNC OUTPUT: TTL

Choices for generating a sync pulse:

• Never

• On arb waveform wrap

• At end of each sweep in list or sweep

• At beginning of sweep or list

• At end of sweep or list

Rising/Falling:

• Sync out is on rising edge

• Sync out is on falling edge

EVEN SECOND CLOCK OUTPUT: TTL.

External even second clock.

RF/MICROWAVE SWITCH & INST.

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

5

2910 RF Vector Signal Generator

GENERAL

DIMENSIONS (rack-ready, without handle and bumpers):

Height: 3U (133mm) (5.25˝).
Width: Half-rack (213mm) (8.4˝).
Depth: 464mm (18.25˝).
Weig ht: 7.8 2kg (17.25 l b).

HOST INTERFACES: Computer control interfaces.

IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status

model topology.

LAN: 10/100BT Ethernet, RJ45. LXI-Class C compliant, no Auto MDIX.

USB: USB full speed.
POWER SUPPLY: 100V to 240VAC, 50– 60Hz (automatically detected), 120VA max.
COOLING: Forced air. Top, bottom and side intakes and rear ex haust. For proper cooling in a

rack, use Keithley 2910-RMK rack mount kit.

WAR RAN TY: 3 years.
EMC: Conforms to European Union Directive 89/336/EEC, EN 61326-1.
SAFET Y: Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1.
ENVIRONMENT: For indoor use only.

Altitude: Ma ximum 2000 meters above sea level.

Specified Operating Temperature: 18°–28°C.

Operating Temperature (non-specified): 0° to 50°C.

Side Text

Storage (AC power off): –25°C to 65°C, 5 to 70% RH, non-condensing.
ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED:

Cables and Connectors: Power cable.

Printed Documentation: Quick Start Guide.

Electronic Media: CD-ROMs containing 2910 System Help, utility programs and PDF files.

Model 2910 Specifications

Specifications describe the instrument’s warranted performance. Typical and characteristic values
are not warranted but provide additional information regarding per forma nce that you should
expect from the Model 2910 and are provided to a ssist in application of the Model 2910.

Specification (Warranted Performance):

Specifications indicate perfor mance that is warranted. All units are warranted to meet these per­formance specifications under the following conditions:

• Ambient operating temperature of 18° to 28°C, un less otherwise noted

• After specified warm-up time of 30 minutes.

Typical (Mean + 3 standard deviations):

Typical indicates performance t hat all units will meet under the following conditions:

• Ambient operating temperature of 23°C, unless otherwise noted.

• After specified warm-up time of 30 minutes.
This performance is not warranted.

Characteristic (Mean or Expected Value):

Characteristic indicates perfor mance that a unit would be expected to exhibit under the following
conditions:

• Ambient operating temperature of 18° to 28°C, un less otherwise noted.

• After specified warm-up time of 30 minutes.
This performance is not warranted.

All Keithley trademarks and trade names are the property of Keithley Instruments, Inc.

All other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies.

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. ■ 28775 AURORA ROAD ■ CLEVELAND, OHIO 44139-1891 ■ 440-248-0400 ■ Fax: [phone] ■ 1-888-KEITHLEY ■ www.keithley.com

BELGIUM

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Ph: 32-2363-0040
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Theale
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Kuala Lumpur
Ph: 60-3-4041-0899
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Beijing
Ph: 8610-82255010
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Ph: 91-80-2212-8027
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Ph: 31-1-836-35333
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Ph: 81-3-5733-7555
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