Technical description
Kamstrup 162M/382M
Kamstrup A/S
Industrivej 28, Stilling
DK-8660 Skanderborg
TEL: +45 89 93 10 00
FAX: +45 89 93 10 01
energi@kamstrup.com
www.kamstrup.com
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
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Contents
1 Revision history ................................................................................................................ 6
2 General description .......................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Terms ................................................................................................................................................. 7
2.2 Construction ....................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2.1 Terminals ............................................................................................................................... 8
2.2.2 Measurement Construction ..................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Meter types ........................................................................................................................................ 9
3 Functions ........................................................................................................................ 10
3.1 Start-up of meter .............................................................................................................................. 10
3.1.1 Software revision .................................................................................................................. 10
3.1.2 ROM checksum ..................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Registers .......................................................................................................................................... 10
3.2.1 Energy registers .................................................................................................................... 11
3.2.2 Energy calculation ................................................................................................................ 12
3.2.3 Verification registers ............................................................................................................. 13
3.2.4 Resettable counter registers ................................................................................................. 13
3.2.5 Power registers ..................................................................................................................... 14
3.2.6 Other registers ...................................................................................................................... 15
3.2.7 Meter status register ............................................................................................................. 15
3.3 Time management ............................................................................................................................ 15
3.3.1 Real-time clock (RTC) ............................................................................................................ 15
3.3.2 Backup ................................................................................................................................. 16
3.3.3 Hour counter ......................................................................................................................... 16
3.4 Tariffs ............................................................................................................................................... 16
3.5 Voltage quality measurement ........................................................................................................... 16
3.5.1 Voltage measurement ........................................................................................................... 17
3.5.2 Registration of overvoltage/undervoltage .............................................................................. 17
3.5.3 Registration of voltage failures .............................................................................................. 18
3.5.4 Time stamp with RTC ............................................................................................................. 18
3.6 Loggers ............................................................................................................................................ 18
3.6.1 Debiting logger ..................................................................................................................... 18
3.6.2 Debiting logger 2 .................................................................................................................. 19
3.6.3 Load profile logger ................................................................................................................ 19
3.6.4 Analysis logger ..................................................................................................................... 21
3.6.5 Event logger for status .......................................................................................................... 22
3.6.6 Event logger for RTC .............................................................................................................. 22
3.6.7 Event logger for voltage quality ............................................................................................. 23
3.6.8 Event logger for the load profile logger .................................................................................. 23
3.6.9 Event logger for Cut off .......................................................................................................... 23
3.6.10 Event logger for neutral fault ................................................................................................. 23
3.7 Pulse inputs/outputs ........................................................................................................................ 26
3.7.1 Pulse inputs in the module area ............................................................................................ 26
3.7.2 Water meters ........................................................................................................................ 26
3.7.3 Electricity meters .................................................................................................................. 27
3.7.4 Pulse outputs in module area ............................................................................................... 27
3.7.5 S0 output ............................................................................................................................. 27
3.8 Auxillary Power Supply ...................................................................................................................... 28
3.9 Alarm handling/Push alarms............................................................................................................. 29
3.10 Load control ..................................................................................................................................... 29
4 Display ........................................................................................................................... 30
4.1 Value field ........................................................................................................................................ 31
4.2 Unit field .......................................................................................................................................... 31
4.3 Text field .......................................................................................................................................... 31
4.4 Mains voltage reading ...................................................................................................................... 31
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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4.5 Phase current indication ................................................................................................................... 31
4.6 Tariff indication ................................................................................................................................ 32
4.7 Current quadrant reading .................................................................................................................. 32
4.8 Breaker status .................................................................................................................................. 32
4.9 Object identification field ................................................................................................................. 32
4.10 Display configuration ........................................................................................................................ 33
4.11 Display read-out of load profile logger ............................................................................................... 35
5 Integrated radio .............................................................................................................. 37
5.1 Communication via radio .................................................................................................................. 37
5.2 Software upload ............................................................................................................................... 37
6 Integrated disconnection ................................................................................................ 38
6.1 Disconnect function in the meter ...................................................................................................... 38
6.2 Manual disconnection and connection .............................................................................................. 39
6.3 Disconnection by means of communication commands .................................................................... 39
6.4 Smart disconnect .............................................................................................................................. 40
6.4.1 Delayed disconnection ......................................................................................................... 40
6.4.2 Overcurrent protection .......................................................................................................... 41
6.4.3 Current-controlled disconnection .......................................................................................... 41
6.4.4 Power-controlled disconnection ............................................................................................ 41
6.4.5 Reconnection ........................................................................................................................ 41
6.4.6 Disconnection basis ............................................................................................................. 41
6.4.7 Disconnection status ............................................................................................................ 41
6.5 Prepayment ...................................................................................................................................... 42
6.6 Status chart of the disconnect function ............................................................................................. 43
6.7 Disconnection on meters with APS .................................................................................................... 44
6.7.1 Using the push button .......................................................................................................... 44
6.7.2 Using commands (remote) .................................................................................................... 44
7 Meter communication ..................................................................................................... 45
7.1 Requirements for third party modules ............................................................................................... 45
7.2 KMP .................................................................................................................................................. 45
8 Technical specifications .................................................................................................. 46
8.1 Approvals and standards .................................................................................................................. 46
8.2 Technical data .................................................................................................................................. 46
8.2.1 Connections ......................................................................................................................... 48
8.2.2 2W module supply ................................................................................................................ 49
8.2.3 Module interface................................................................................................................... 49
8.3 Diagrams/charts ............................................................................................................................... 50
8.3.1 Dimensional sketch for 3-phase and Aron meter with/without breaker .................................. 50
8.3.2 Dimensional sketch for 1-phase meter with/without breaker ................................................. 50
9 Modules ......................................................................................................................... 51
9.1 Primary modules ............................................................................................................................... 51
9.2 Secondary communication modules ................................................................................................. 52
9.2.1 Variants of the secondary communication module ................................................................ 52
10 Ordering details ..................................................................................................... 53
10.1 Type number ..................................................................................................................................... 53
10.2 Configuration numbers ..................................................................................................................... 55
10.2.1 Configuration 1 ( A-B-CCC-DD-E ) ........................................................................................... 55
10.2.2 Configuration 2 ( FFF-GG-HH-I ) .............................................................................................. 57
10.2.3 Configuration 3 ( JJ-K-LL-M-NN ) ............................................................................................. 58
10.2.4 Configuration 4 ( OOO-PPP-QQ ) ............................................................................................ 59
10.2.5 Configuration 5 (RRR) ............................................................................................................ 59
10.3 Display readings ............................................................................................................................... 60
10.4 Period plan - Tariff and load control table .......................................................................................... 62
10.4.1 Setup working days and non-working days ............................................................................ 62
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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10.4.2 Setup period A and B and tariff switch for each period. ......................................................... 62
10.4.3 Setup plan for load control 1 and 2 ....................................................................................... 63
10.4.4 Setup calender for exception days ........................................................................................ 64
10.4.5 On Demand tariff .................................................................................................................. 64
10.4.6 Load control delay ................................................................................................................ 64
10.5 Daylight saving table ........................................................................................................................ 65
10.6 Label ................................................................................................................................................ 66
10.7 Display configuration ........................................................................................................................ 67
10.8 Disconnect configuration .................................................................................................................. 69
11 Installation manual ................................................................................................ 70
11.1 Terminal numbering .......................................................................................................................... 70
11.2 Connection diagrams ........................................................................................................................ 71
11.3 Guidelines for safety and installation ................................................................................................ 72
11.4 Sealing ............................................................................................................................................. 73
12 Test specifications ................................................................................................. 74
13 Packing .................................................................................................................. 75
14 Accessories ............................................................................................................ 75
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
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1 Revision history
Revision Date Change
A1 2011-10-21 Document created
B1 2011-12-22 Figures are updated according to new mechanical design.
C1 2012-05-07 First release
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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2 General description
Kamstrup 162M and 382M are a generation of directly connected electricity meters for the measurement and
registration of electrical energy. The meters are full-electronic without movable parts. Thus, energy registration is
not affected by shock and impact during transportation and mounting. Furthermore, measurements are correct,
no matter the physical mounting direction. Using shunt as measuring principle, it is possible to obtain a good
linearity, a very large dynamic area and immunity to magnetism and DC currents.
The easily readable display scrolls automatically between readings, or readings can be changed manually by the
consumer activating a push button. The required display readings as well as their order are configurable. In
addition to being read from the display, data can be collected via the optical output or from the module area by
means of a suitable communication module. The unique module area also permits external monitoring of tariffs,
pulse inputs and outputs, and configuration as well as connection of AMR and AMM modules.
From the factory, the meter can be configured to measure both imported and exported energy. The meters are
constructed with independent and galvanically separated measuring systems (the number of measuring systems
depends on the meter type). This ensures a correct measurement irrespective of how many and which
measurement systems are used. The energy registration is saved in the integral data logger, which ensures good
data history.
The meter construction makes it immune to magnetic influence, and the measuring accuracy will not be
influenced by magnetism.
It is possible to supply the meter with battery backup for the integrated RTC (Real Time Clock) used for tariff
control and time stamping of data and events.
The tariff control permits up to 8 tariffs. The tariffs can be managed by the internal clock (RTC) on the basis of
preprogrammed time tables. The tariff shifts can also be effected by summer time/standard time and holidays.
The meter is configurable and can be supplied from the factory with required functions. This ensures a minimum
of configuration during installation. Furthermore, the meter can be configured to verification mode, which
improves the resolutions of the energy indications, thereby reducing the duration of test and verification.
The meter is approved according to current electricity meter standards.
Kamstrup electricity meters are supported by a Kamstrup configuration tool called METERTOOL.
2.1 Terms
Integration period: The integration period is the length of time over which the power is averaged in order
to find e.g. the peak power. For instance, it can be 15 min.
Load profile logger: A logger that contains a series of energy values A+, A-, R+, R- depending on meter type.
The interval between each values is defined by the integration period. As default the
logger contains the last 4 months of data.
Debiting period: The debiting period is a configurable length of time between each debiting entries
where the value of a number of predefined meter regsiters are logged. Usually the
debiting period is 1 month.
Debiting logger: Contains a series of predefined meter registers that are logged with a customer-
specific time interval defined as the debiting period. The depth of the logger is 36
entries.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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2.2 Construction
The meter is designed as a three-piece plastic construction, consisting of housing, verification and meter covers,
all parts made of fire resistant plastic. The verification cover protects the metrological functions. It is not possible
to open the verification cover without breaking the metrological seal.
The meter cover covers the module area. Various communication modules, input/output and control modules can
be connected without reverification. Furthermore, the meter cover can be ordered with different lenghts. A short
version allows premounted terminal-pins or wires to be mounted, while longer version covers the terminal in- and
outputs
2.2.1 Terminals
The current terminal is a combined terminal and shunt. The terminal is the elevating type with one screw per
terminal, which secures quick and simple mounting. The construction and design of the terminal protect the
connected cable from being damaged during tightening. Furthermore, a good contact area is provided, which
minimises the contact resistance and thereby heating at heavy currents.
2.2.2 Measurement Construction
The meter is provided with 1 shunt per system for current mesurement, and it measures the voltage through a
voltage divider. A switch mode supply feeds measuring circuits and main processor with voltage. Furthermore, the
switch mode supply in combination with varistors and power resistors functions as an excellent transcient
protection.
The use of shunt and switch mode supply also makes sure that the meter is immune to magnetic influence.
Magnetic influence will be detected by the integral sensors and be registered in the meter’s event logger.
Using shunt as measuring principle for the current measurement where a resistance stable metal provokes a
given drop of voltage at a given current, makes the energy measurement secure and reliable. Another important
advantage of the measuring principle shunt is a linear change of the voltage drop, which is an expression of the
current consumption.
The meters are constructed with independent and galvanically separated measuring systems (the number of
measuring systems depends on the meter type). This ensures a correct measurement irrespective of how many
and which measurement systems are used.
The meter’s main processor with corresponding data logger has its own supply, which means that data is well
secured against transients.
Like voltage drop, energy consumption is calculated as an expression of the current compared to the phase
voltage and time. The energy registration per measuring system is communicated to the meter’s legal processor
via the meter’s internal bus system. After correction, the energies are summed in the main energy register.
Measured and calculated data is safely stored in the memory (EEPROM) and can be read out either via the module
area’s unique interface, or through the optical interface by means of an optical head.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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2.3 Meter types
Kamstrup’s direct meters are available in different variants depending on the application for which they are used.
As default, in addition to many other functions, the meters are provided with debiting logger, event loggers,
voltage quality measurement, tamper detection, and the possibility of using up to 8 tariffs. Furthermore, the
meters can be supplied from the factory with internal disconnect function for disconnection and connection of the
consumer’s supply, configured for the measurement of energy types in all 4 quadrants, with integrated radio
transceiver, load profile logger, prepayment function, APS and smart disconnect.
The summary below provides an overview of which functions the meter types include.
The meter's type number consists of 13 characters that describe the meter's hardware and mechanics:
684-XXX-XX-XX-XXX for the 3-phase meter and 686-XXX-XX-XX-XXX for the 1-phase meter.
Kamstrup 3-phase Direct meter is a 3-phase 4-wire meter, 684-3XX-XX-XX-XXX.
Kamstrup Aron Direct meter is a 3-phase 3-wire meter, 684-2XX-XX-XX-XXX.
Kamstrup 1-phase Direct meter is a 1-phase 2-wire meter, 686-1XX-XX-XX-XXX.
Meter Type 1-phase Aron 3-phase
Without
APS
Without
APS
With
APS
Without
APS
Without
Radio
Without breaker
With breaker
Kamstrup
Radio
Without breaker
With breaker
Table 1: Meter variants - hardware.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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3 Functions
3.1 Start-up of meter
In the first five seconds after being connected to power, the meter will show its software type and revision
number. In the next five seconds, the ROM checksum will be displayed.
3.1.1 Software revision
The 8 digits in the value field describes the software type and revision is shown in the text field in the upper right
corner.
3.1.2 ROM checksum
The four or five digits of the ROM CRC appear as one number resulting from the checksum calculation.
3.2 Registers
Kamstrup’s direct meters are constructed as 4-quadrant meters, which provide safe registration of various
measured data such as imported and exported energy for both active and reactive energy, tariffed energy, power,
voltage and current.
R+
kvarh
Rkvarh
A+
kWh
A-
kWh
1
2
3
4
+R
i
+R
c
-R
c
-R
i
Wvar
W
var
W
var
W
var
Figure 1: Energy and power measurement in 4 quadrants.
The basic meter is constructed as an import meter, but is available as an import/export meter for both active and
reactive energy. The possible energy registers are seen below. The OBIS code of each energy type is stated in
brackets according to EN 62056-61.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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A+ (1.8.0)
Active positive energy consists of active energy from quadrants 1 and 4.
A- (2.8.0)
Active negative energy consists of active energy from quadrants 2 and 3.
R+ (3.8.0)
Reactive positive energy consists of positive inductive energy from quadrant 1 and positive
capacitive energy from quadrant 2.
R- (4.8.0)
Reactive negative energy consists of negative inductive energy from quadrant 3 and
negative capacitive energy from quadrant 4.
R1 (5.8.0)
Positive inductive energy from quadrant 1.
R4 (8.8.0)
Negative inductive energy from quadrant 4.
3.2.1 Energy registers
The meter’s configuration determines the number of available registers.
The energy readings can be configured for display in format 7.0 (0000000) or format 6.1 (000000.0). Furthermore,
it is possible to select or deselect leading zeroes.
The meter’s main energy registers are:
A+ Active positive energy (consumption/import). Active energy from quadrants 1 and 4 is displayed in
kWh.
A- Active negative energy (production/export). Active energy from quadrants 2 and 3 is displayed in
kWh.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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R+ Reactive positive energy. Positive inductive energy from quadrant 1 and positive capacitive energy
from quadrant 2 are displayed in kvarh.
R- Reactive negative energy. Negative inductive energy from quadrant 3 and negative capacitive energy
from quadrant 4 are displayed in kvarh.
R1 Ri+ Reactive positive energy. Positive inductive energy from quadrant 1 is displayed in kvarh.
R4 Rc- Reactive negative energy. Negative capacitive energy from quadrant 4 is displayed in kvarh.
Furthermore, the above energy types are registered in tariffed registers T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7 and T8.
For further information about tariff control, see section 3.4.
In addition, bidirectional positive registration in a register, i.e. active energy for import and export added
numerically, can be selected as a special register (control register). This register sums the energy positively
without considering whether the input and output terminals per system have been interchanged.
A1423 Numeric register for |A+| + |A-|. The value is displayed in kWh.
3.2.2 Energy calculation
There are several acceptable methods for calculating the energy in three-phase meters.
Three identical meters can obtain several different results for energy measurement dependent on the calculation
method.
If energy is imported on phases L1 and L2, and energy is exported on phase L3 as shown in Figure 2, the
calculation can be made according to the methods described below.
A- A+
L1
L3
L2
Figure 2: Example of energy consumption in a three-phase meter.
Figure 3 graphically shows the calculation of the total energy dependent on the applied calculation method. The
first method applies vector summation, which is known from the Ferraris meters where the energy is added in
consideration of sign. In the next example import and export are added individually, and finally is shown the
calculation with total summation where all contributions are added numerically is shown.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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A- A+
L1
L3
L2
A+
L1 L2
L3
A- A+
L1
L3
L2
A+
L1 L2
L3
A- A+
L1
L3
L2
A+
L1 L2
L3
A-
Vector summation Individually import/export Total summation
Figure 3: The three different calculation methods.
When using vector summation, the positive contributions are added and the negative contributions are
substracted in the same way as by electromechanical meters. Contributions from e.g. solar energy installations
will be set off in the total energy calculation. This calculation method is sensitive to incorrect installation and
manipulation.
Individually import/export calculation method has one register for the positive contributions and one for the
negative contributions.
Kamstrups 162M and 382M supports the individually import/export calculation method.
Note!
Total summation adds all contributions to the positive register whether one or all are negative. Kamstrup
Generation M meters doesn’t support this calculation method for the main energy registration, but have a
additional register for this called “A1423”.
3.2.3 Verification registers
For test purposes, the 4 main energy registers (A+, A-, R+, R-) can be displayed with higher resolution in format 3.4
(000.0000).
For test purpose it is possible to activate test mode. Test mode change the display setup to allow selection of
energy registers A+, A-, R+ and R- depending on the meter by activating the left push button. In test mode, the LED
blinks proportionally to the chosen energy type.
The meter changes automatically from test mode to normal mode 16 hours after the latest activation of the push
button, or if the meter is reset. METERTOOL can also be used for changing back to normal mode.
Finally, 6 seconds activation of the left push button can provoke a change to normal mode.
3.2.4 Resettable counter registers
The consumer can use a specific register (resettable counter) for monitoring the consumption in a given period,
e.g. every day or weekly.
In addition, the consumer can use another register (resettable counter) for monitoring the electricity production
that the consumer has delivered to the electricity grid, e.g. from a solar cell installation.
The resettable counters count with the same resolution as the main energy registers of the meter, but can be reset
by activating the push button for 6 seconds at the same time as the resettable counter reading is displayed.
No register values in the meter will decrease due to inverse current
flow, no matter of meter configuration.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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3.2.5 Power registers
The meter registers the current power (instantaneous power) in all four qudrants. Registration of active and
reactive Power in the meter use same individually Import/export calculation method as in the case of energy
measurements.
Actual power
Actual power shows the current three-phase power consumption. The actual power can be shown in the display
and is calculated and updated every second.
Peak Power
The peak power is the highest averagely determined power registered during the debiting period. The averagely
determined power is based on a period that corresponds to the integration period. The peak power is available for
P+
max
, P-
max
, Q+
max
and Q-
max
.
Furthermore, the meter can be configured to register the peak power P+
max
for T1 and T2. Thus, the biggest positive
active power during the debiting period is found for T1 and T2, respectively.
At the end of the debiting period, the peak power and the accumulated peak power are stored and a new period
starts. The accumulated peak power accumulates the values of each period and the accumulated peak power of
the previous period. The peak power, however, is reset after each period.
Below the power registers are described:
P+ Active positive instantaneous power of quadrants 1 and 4. The power is displayed in kW in format
4.3 (0000.000).
P- Active negative instantaneous power of quadrants 2 and 3. The power is displayed in kW in format
4.3 (0000.000).
Q+ Reactive positive instantaneous power of quadrants 1 and 2. The power is displayed in kvar in
format 4.3 (0000.000).
Q- Reactive negative instantaneous power of quadrants 3 and 4. The power is displayed in kvar in
format 4.3 (0000.000).
P+
max
Maximum active positive power during the debiting period measured over an integration period
deriving from quadrants 1 and 4. The power is displayed in kW in format 4.3 (0000.000).
P-
max
Maximum active negative power during the present debiting period measured over an integration
period deriving from quadrants 2 and 3. The power is displayed in kW in format 4.3 (0000.000).
Q+
max
Maximum reactive positive power during the present debiting period measured over an integration
period deriving from quadrants 1 and 2. The power is displayed in kvar in format 4.3 (0000.000).
Q-
max
Maximum reactive negative power during the present debiting period measured over an integration
period deriving from quadrants 3 and 4. The power is displayed in kvar in format 4.3 (0000.000).
P+
max akk
Accumulated maximum active positive power during the present debiting period. To calculate the
accumulated peak power, the peak power of the present debiting period is added to the
accumulated peak power of the last debiting period.
P+
max, daily
Max active power within the 24 hours in question.
P+
min, daily
Min. active power within the 24 hours in question.
Available power registers depend on the chosen energy type. E.g. a two-qudrant meter (A+, A-) only contains P+
and P- power registers.
Power threshold value
It is possible to let a counter register how many times a power threshold value is exceeded. The value only
applies to active positive power P+.
The threshold value can be configured between 0 and 99 kW. If the limit is exceeded within the integration period
(5, 15, 30 or 60 min.), the counting is made in the power threshold counter.
The power threshold counter is registered in the debiting logger of the meter, and is reset at every debiting stop.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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3.2.6 Other registers
Other registers that include measurement and registration of data and events are e.g:
RTC
Meter status
Magnetic influence
Access registration (Tamper)
Voltage quality
Meter number
Special data
Pulse input
3.2.7 Meter status register
The meter status register consists of 8 digit number where each number can either “0” or “1”. Each digit indicates
the actual status of following possible event: (The sequence is from right to left)
- 1
st
Number: Is not in use
- 2
nd
Number: Indicates an error in EEPROM access or a data backup error
- 3
rd
Number: Indicates Magnetic detection
- 4
th
Number: Ram error
- 5
th
Number: ROM checksum error
- 6
th
Number: External alarm input (Only relevant if the functionality is enabled)
- 7
th
Number: Indicates tamper of the meter cover.
- 8
th
Number: Is not use
The status indicators are reset when the source to the indication disappears. Errors in digit number 2, 4 and 5 will
in most cases be permanent and requires the meter to be returned to Kamstrup.
In Figure 4 an example of the register shown in the display is illustrated.
L1
L2 L3
Figure 4: Meter status register indicates magnetic detection.
3.3 Time management
The meter has an internal real-time clock (RTC) with either battery or rechargeable backup unit (supercap).
3.3.1 Real-time clock (RTC)
The real-time clock (RTC) makes it possible to provide measured data with an accurate time stamp (typically
5ppm at 23C).
The real-time clock time stamps load profile and event values, changes tariff etc. In addition to the tariffs, it is
associated with a calendar.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
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The time is adjustable via the configuration program METERTOOL for kWh meter or via reading system. It is
possible to use daylight saving time with corresponding preprogramming of shifting dates, see more in section
10.2.4.
3.3.2 Backup
The meters can be supplied with either a non-rechargeable unit (battery) or a rechargeable type (supercap). The
backup time of the battery depends on the period of time the meter is without mains supply, and in addition, the
battery gives access to further functions such as display views despite lack of mains supply, see section 4.10 for
further information.
The lifetime of the backup unit also depends on the mains voltage supply to the meter and the ambient
temperature. For specifications, see also section 8.2.
3.3.3 Hour counter
As the RTC manage the date and time in the meter, an hour counter register manage the number of operating
hours of the meter, i.e. number of hours where main voltage are supplied to the meter.
3.4 Tariffs
The meter allows registration in eight tariffs for each energy type depending on configuration, see section 3.2.1.
The tariffs are active when at least one tariff-register has been selected in the display set-up. Do not forget to
select control type when activating tariffs.
The tariffs can be controlled in three different ways:
- Via communication commands, e.g. from a module or via METERTOOL, or
- Through the module’s I/O, or
- Internally by means of time control via the RTC.
Module I/O controlled tariffs use the ports of the module connector for changing the tariffs, e.g. if a tariff control
module prepared for 230 VAC is connected to 230 VAC. The inverted function can also be selected.
Port 1:
Terminals 13 and 15
Port 2:
Terminals 33 and 15
Active tariff Active tariff
inverted
0 VAC 0 VAC
T1
T4
230VAC 0 VAC
T2
T3
0 VAC 230VAC
T3
T2
230VAC 230VAC
T4
T1
Table 2: 230VAC - tariff control.
The tariff reading is updated in the display every 10 secs. The active tariff is displayed by readings T1..T8.
The time-controlled tariff is possible using the RTC to control the tariffs on the basis of a preprogrammed shifting
table.
The set-up of the meter’s configuration makes conflicts between control methods impossible as the choice of one
method automatically excludes the others.
3.5 Voltage quality measurement
The meter makes it possible to register/measure the voltage quality.
The voltage quality measurement consists of voltage measurement, registration of maximum and minimum
voltage, overvoltage and undervoltage as well as voltage failures. All registrations take place per phase.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
17
3.5.1 Voltage measurement
The RMS voltage measured per phase with average determination every second forms the basis of the registration
of overvoltage, undervoltage, and voltage failures. The voltage per phase can be displayed with an accuracy
corresponding to the meter’s class.
3.5.2 Registration of overvoltage/undervoltage
Registration of overvoltage/undervoltage for diagnosing the voltage situation of the individual consumer is an
important tool in connection with the evaluation of possible complaints from consumers as well as network
analysis.
If one or more phases has/have been outside a configurable overvoltage (U
High
) or undervoltage (U
Low
) limit for
some time (t
d
), this is registered in the meter's event logger for voltage quality. The registration includes date and
hour. The time period which triggers a registration can be configured between 10 secs. and 2550 secs.
The limits for registration of overvoltage and undervoltage are configurable from 0 to 20 %, i.e. from 230 VAC – 20
% (184 VAC) to 230 VAC + 20 % (276 VAC).
Time
Voltage
230 V
U
Low
U
High
t
1
t
2
t
3
t
4
t1+ t
d
t3+ t
d
U
Max
U
Min
Over voltage
Under voltage
Figure 5: Voltage quality measurements - under and over voltages.
Time
Voltage
230 V
t
1
t
2
t
3
t
4
t1+ t
d
U
Cutoff
= 160 V
Voltage cut off
Figure 6: Voltage quality measurements - voltage cut-off.
Figure explanation
U
High
is the configurable limit for overvoltage in %
U
Low
is the configurable limit for undervoltage in %
U
max
is the peak voltage in the overvoltage period (t1 – t2)
U
min
is the minimum voltage in the undervoltage period (t3 – t4)
U
Cutoff
is the voltage failure per phase (t3 – t4)
t
(1-4)
indicates RTC.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
18
3.5.3 Registration of voltage failures
Voltage failures on one or more phases lasting longer than the configurable time periode (t
d
) are registered in the
event logger with time stamps at voltage dropout (t
3
) and voltage recovery (t4) in Figure 6.
The time for the event is registered with date and hour.
The time for how long a voltage failure should last before it is registered in the voltage quality logger can be
configured in steps of 10 secs. The range is between 0 and 2550 seconds.
3.5.4 Time stamp with RTC
The time registration is made both at the the apperance of the voltage failure and at the return of voltage. An
example of this registration can be see in Figure 7, showing a read out from METERTOOL.
Figure 7: Logger registration of a voltage failure and re-power with correspondng log IDs and time stamps.
3.6 Loggers
The meter has several different loggers for registration of data and events, among others a debiting logger and
different loggers that secure the registration of events – as to internal errors, magnetic influence, access
registration (Tamper), clock, and voltage failure, load profile logger, andan analysis logger. The load profile and
analysis loggers share the same logging depth, which means that the depth of the analysis logger depends on the
logging depth of the load profile logger and thus the configuration of the meter.
3.6.1 Debiting logger
The debiting logger stores relevant data for a given period. The end of a debiting period is called debiting stop. A
debiting stop can be triggered by the meter’s internal clock or via a communication command.
With its logging depth of 36 loggings, the debiting logger makes it possible to store data for many purposes, e.g.
as a monthly logger controlled by either an internal RTC or an external unit. In the standard version, the loggings
are initiated by the meter’s time. The time for debiting stop has many options, e.g. monthly, every other month,
every six months or yearly.
The debiting logger stores the following values at debiting stop depending on the meter’s configuration:
Various Energy registers Power registers
Date Active energy A+
Peak power P+
max acc
Time Active energy A-
Peak power P+
max
Date
Quality info Reactive energy R+
Peak power P+
max
Hour
Hour counter Reactive energy R-
Accumulated peak power P+
max acc
Number of debiting periods Active energy A+ Tariff 1
Peak power P+
max
Tariff 1
Power threshold counter
Active energy A+ Tariff 2
Peak power P+
max
Tariff 1 Hour
Pulse input Active energy A+ Tariff 3
Peak power P+
max
Tariff 1 Date
Active energy A+ Tariff 4
Peak power P+
max
Tariff 2
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 1
Peak power P+
max
Tariff 2 Hour
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 2
Peak power P+
max
Tariff 2 Date
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 3
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 4
Table 3: Registers stored in debiting logger.
A combined RTC/Quality stamp includes besides time and date, a data quality mark, that validates each
registration of eventually time adjustments and/or voltage quality events, i.e. over and under voltages and
voltage interrupts.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
19
3.6.2 Debiting logger 2
In addition, the meter has a debiting logger 2, which logs the following registers:
Various Energy registers
Date Active energy A+
Time Active energy A-
Quality info Reactive energy R+
Hour counter Reactive energy R-
Active energy A+ Tariff 1
Active energy A+ Tariff 2
Active energy A+ Tariff 3
Active energy A+ Tariff 4
Active energy A- Tariff 1
Active energy A- Tariff 2
Active energy A- Tariff 3
Active energy A- Tariff 4
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 1
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 2
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 3
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 4
Reactive energy R- Tariff 1
Reactive energy R- Tariff 2
Reactive energy R- Tariff 3
Reactive energy R- Tariff 4
Table 4: Registers stored in debiting logger 2.
The log interval can be configured to one day, one week or one month via METERTOOL. The logging depth is 45
loggings.
The log interval is Kamstrup factory standard which is one day.
3.6.3 Load profile logger
Kamstrup’s directly connected meters have an internal load profile logger that registers the energy with a
configurable interval, with the possibility of readouts, if required.
The meter enables the read-out of energy values in the load profile logger as both absolute and relative (delta)
values. Every data set includes log ID, RTC/Quality stamp and up to four energy registers.
The log ID is the meter’s identification of the data set and is only used in connection with readout. The RTC time
stamp indicates time of logging data in date and hour together with validation information. The number of register
values depends on the meter’s configuration of energy types.
The number of energy registers for which the meter is configured determines the number of registers for which the
load profile is logged.
The RTC/Quality stamp includes time, date and a data quality info, that validates each registration of eventually
time adjustments and/or voltage quality events, i.e. over and under voltages and voltage interrupts.
Readout can take place by means of the open standard DLMS or Kamstrup's own protocol KMP. The data format at
readout depends on whether absolute values or relative values are read out. The format of absolute values
follows the format in which data is registered (7.2), whereas the format of the relative values is [3.2] (XXX.XX)
kWh.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
20
The registration interval follows the integration period, and the integration period can be changed after the
commissioning.
IMPORTANT: If the integration period is changed, the load profile logger is deleted.
The logging depth of the load profile depends on the configuration of energy type and integration period for the
meter.
Integration period
Energy type
5 min.
Days
15 min.
Days
30 min.
Days
60 min.
Days
A+ 199
597
1194 2388
A+/A- 113
341
682 1364
A+/R+ 113
341
682 1364
A+/R1 113
341
682 1364
A+/A-/R+/R- 61
183
367 734
Table 5: Logging depth of load profile logger.
The logging depth of the load profile logger is pre-configured to 130 days when the integration period is 15, 30 or
60 min. The logging depth of 130 days is, however, a default setting which subsequently can be changed via
system upgrade. The remaining part of the memory is dedicated to an integrated analysis logger. Furthermore, the
load profile logger can be read out on the meter display as described in section 4.11.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
21
3.6.4 Analysis logger
The analysis logger allows the client to configure the registers to log and the log interval. Up to 16 simultaneous
registers can be chosen. The log interval can be configured to 5, 15, 30 or 60 min. or 1 day. The logging depth of
the analysis logger varies from 7 days to approx. 520 days, depending on the number of registers, which registers
to log and the chosen log interval. Table 6 shows the registers that can be chosen for the analysis logger.
Description
Active energy A+ Reactive energy R+ Tariff 7
RTC status
Active energy A- Reactive energy R+ Tariff 8
VCOPCO status
Active energy A1423
Reactive energy R- Tariff 1
Voltage L1
Reactive energy R+
Reactive energy R- Tariff 2
Voltage L2
Reactive energy R- Reactive energy R- Tariff 3
Voltage L3
Reactive energy R1
Reactive energy R- Tariff 4
Current L1
Reactive energy R4
Reactive energy R- Tariff 5
Current L2
Active energy A+ Tariff 1 Reactive energy R- Tariff 6
Current L3
Active energy A+ Tariff 2 Reactive energy R- Tariff 7
Actual power P+ L1
Active energy A+ Tariff 3 Reactive energy R- Tariff 8
Actual power P+ L2
Active energy A+ Tariff 4 Peak power P+
Actual power P+ L3
Active energy A+ Tariff 5 Peak power P-
Power extreme value
Active energy A+ Tariff 6 Peak power Q+
Power event
Active energy A+ Tariff 7 Peak power Q-
Logger status
Active energy A+ Tariff 8 Actual power P+
Cut-off state
Active energy A- Tariff 1 Actual power P-
P+ max
Active energy A- Tariff 2 Actual power Q+
P+
min.
Active energy A- Tariff 3 Actual power Q-
P+
max – Clock
Active energy A- Tariff 4 Acc. peak power P+
P+
max – Date
Active energy A- Tariff 5 Acc. peak power P-
P+
max – RTC
Active energy A- Tariff 6 Acc. peak power Q+
P-
min. – Clock
Active energy A- Tariff 7 Acc. peak power Q-
P-
min. – Date
Active energy A- Tariff 8 Pulse input
P-
min. – RTC
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 1 Hour counter
Average voltage L1
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 2 Active tariff
Average voltage L2
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 3 Peak power P+ Tariff 1
Average voltage L3
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 4 Peak power P+ Tariff 2
Average current L1
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 5 Power threshold value
Average current L2
Reactive energy R+ Tariff 6 Power threshold counter
Average current L3
Table 6: Registers available for analysis logger.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
22
The analysis logger can be configured and read out via METERTOOL. It is not possible to configure the analysis
logger from the factory. The meter is supplied with a default configuration as shown for each meter type in the
following table.
The log interval of the analysis logger is default set to 15 min. This can be changed via METERTOOL. The default
setup of the analysis logger can be seen in Table 7.
Meter Type Single-phase Poly-phase
Registers in the load
profile logger
Default
registers in the
analysis logger
1
register
2 registers
4 registers
1
register
2 registers 4 registers
A+ (A+, A-
)
(A+, R+) (A+, A-, R+, R-
)
A+
(A+, A-) (A+, R+) (A+, A-, R+, R-
)
Actual power P+
X X X X X X X X
Actual power P-
X X X X
Actual power Q+
X X X X
Actual powerQ-
X X
Average voltage L1
X X X X X X X X
Average voltage L2
X X X X
Average voltage L3
X X X X
Average current L1
X X X X X X X X
Average current L2
X X X X
Average current L3
X X X X
Logging depth of
analysis logger
1
*
[Days]
77 50 5o 17 41 29 29 11
Table 7: Default setup for analysis logger.
Average phase voltage and phase current are calculated as the mean value during the integration period
configured for the analysis logger.
Phase currents are show as abolute values, i.e. with no sign to indicate the direction of the current.
3.6.5 Event logger for status
The status logger registers internal errors and can thus be used as an analytical tool to show the meter’s
condition.
The RAM is tested during start-up writing and reading, and both EEPROM and ROM are tested by checksum
calculation. Internal errors are indicated by a warning triangle in the display and cannot be reset without the
meter being returned to Kamstrup A/S.
The status logger registers with time stamp whether the meter has been exposed to magnetic influence or the
meter over has been dismounted (access control).
The status logger has a depth of 200 loggings.
3.6.6 Event logger for RTC
A logger in the meter stores information about changes/adjustments of the clock in the form of date/time before
and date/time after adjustment. Only adjustments of a specific size will be registered in the lock. The minimum
time for an adjustment to be logged is configurable, and the default value is 7 seconds. The value range is
between 0 and 255 seconds.
The RTC logger has a depth of 200 loggings.
1
The logging depth of the analysis logger depends on the integration period of the load profile logger. The stated
logging depths are calculated on the basis of an integration period of 15 min.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Kamstrup 162M/382M
5512-1040 GB/05.2012/Rev. C1
23
3.6.7 Event logger for voltage quality
Voltage failures are possible on one or two independent phases or on all three phases. The lmeter registers
voltage failures that last longer than minimum 1 second. No matter how many phases the voltage failure applies
to, the time of the voltage dropout will be registrered, and it will also be registered when the voltage returns, as
described in Figure 6. The logger stores the phases that the failure applies to and during which period.
Voltage failure is defined as voltage below 160 VAC 5 %. The voltage failure logger has a depth of 200 loggings.
3.6.8 Event logger for the load profile logger
The logger registers all changes in the legal logger. A change in the configuration of the legal logger will, as
mentioned in a previous section, mean that all data in this legal logger are deleted. Therefore, every change in the
legal logger is registered with a timestamp. The event logger has a logging depth of 10 loggings.
3.6.9 Event logger for Cut off
A meter with breaker includes a logger that registers all events related to the disconnect functionality. For each
event, that be a disconnection, a release or a reconnection, the meter logs an ID, a timestamp, the disconnect
state (according to Figure 18) and the connection feedback.
3.6.10 Event logger for neutral fault
The logger registers errors in the supply network. The purpose with this logger is to register if the attached
electronic equipment is exposed to overvoltage, which can damage the equipment and/or cause injury to person
due to fire.
In meters with build in breakers, there is furthermore a possibility to switch off the supply out of the meter in case
of neutral fault detection.
Neutral fault detection only applies to the three-phase, 4-wire metertype.
Figure 8 illustrates when a missing or faulty neutral is detected.
Figure 8: Neutral fault detection.
This means it is only possible to detect missing or faulty neutral before the meter(marked green), not after the
meter(marked red).
The neutral fault detection is based on voltage measurements and voltage thresholds.
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