Copyright 1998-2002, JVL Industri Elektronik A/S. All rights reserved.
This user manual must not be reproduced in any form without prior written
permission of JVL Industri Elektronik A/S.
JVL Industri Elektronik A/S reserves the right to make changes to information contained in this manual without prior notice.
Similarly JVL Industri Elektronik A/S assumes no liability for printing errors
or other omissions or discrepancies in this user manual.
JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 1403
4JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 140
1Introduction
JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 1405
1.1Introduction
This Technical Manual describes advanced use of the MAC motor.
The Manual describes the functions of the MAC-motor, its data registers and interfaces
in greater detail than is necessary for normal operation of the MAC motor.
Chapter 2 describes the MacRegIO software, which provides direct access for changing
and reading operational parameters and data.
Chapter 3 describes all registers containing operational parameters and data.
Chapter 4 describes the function of the MAC motor in detail.
Chapter 5 describes the MAC motor’s interfaces to its surroundings, i.e. RS232 and
RS422 communication interfaces, and their associated protocols.
It is recommended that section 1.2 “Sampled Systems” is read. This section explains certain terminology used in sampled systems.
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1.2Sampled Systems
In contrast to analogue regulation systems, in which analogue control signals continuously
flow through regulation filters, output stages, etc., the control signals in a sampled system
only appear in filters and other circuitry at discrete times.
These discrete times are called the sampling times. The time interval between two sampling times is called a sampling interval. The number of samples per second is denoted as
the sampling frequency.
At each sampling point (each sample), relevant measurement values are read, such as:
•Phase current
•Motor position
•Reference input
Values that cannot be read directly are calculated. For example:
Velocity = Delta_P / sampling interval
where Delta_P is the difference in position from the preceding sample.
At each sample, all outputs are updated, including the three phase voltages.
The MAC motor contains 3 regulation loops with a sampling frequency of 7812 Hz for
regulation of the motor’s 3 phase currents, and 1 regulation loop with a sampling frequency of 521 Hz for regulation of velocity / position.
The MAC motor’s regulation loops contain digital filters, corresponding to the analogue
filters of an analogue regulator. These digital filters are defined by and calculated in the
MAC motor using the Z-transform of their transfer function.
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8JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 140
2MacRegIO
MacRegIO.exe is a program for directly writing to and reading the storage registers in
the MAC motor. In addition, the program provides facilities for real-time acquisition of
data in a data-buffer, for writing parameter set-ups to flash memory, and for resetting the
MAC motor.
JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 1409
2.1Installation
MacRegIO.exe uses two data files:
•MacReg.dat: This file describes the register names and register formats for various
registers.
•MacBit.dat: Certain registers contain single bits or groups of bits. This file describes
the names of these bits as well as explantory names of their status.
All three files must be installed in the same folder (directory).
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2.2Description of MacRegIO Windows
The screen of the MacRegIO software consists of 5 windows and 5 buttons, as illustrated
below.
Parameter Window:
This window displays parameter numbers, parameter names, parameter values and parameter formats. See "Description of Data Formats", page 16 for a description of the parameter formats.
Bit Window:
This window displays the names of bits/bit groups, their numerical values and explanatory texts of the values.
Transmit Window:
This window displays the last transmitted message, byte-by-byte, in decimal format.
Receive Window:
This window displays the last received message, byte-by-byte, in decimal format.
Sample Window:
During operation, data can be gathered in real-time in a sample buffer. The number designations of the registers to be sampled are specified in registers SAMPLE1 ... SAMPLE4.
Four fields are displayed at the top of the window indicating the names of the sampled
registers. The register values are displayed in four columns, sample by sample. See
"SAMPLE1 - Register 112", page 41.
JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 14011
2.2Description of MacRegIO Windows
Software Reset Button:
This button is used to reset the MAC motor. The MAC motor can only be reset in Init
Mode. See "Init Mode", page 57.
Write to Flash Button:
This button is used to save the setup of the MAC motor to the motor’s FlashMemory.
After writing the setup to Flash Memory, the MAC motor is reset.
Clear Samples Button:
This button is used to erase the contents of the Sample Window. It has no effect on the
MAC motor.
Enter Safe Mode:
The MAC Motor can be equipped with various optional modules. Some of these are programmable and can control the motion of the MAC motor. If a control program is to be
changed, the MAC Motor must be brought to a safe mode in which commands from the
extension modules are not accepted. This button is used to set the MAC motor to Safe
Mode. See "SAFE_MODE ( MODE = 15 )", page 67.
Exit Safe Mode:
This button is used to exit Safe Mode.
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2.3Operation
The Parameter Window is activated by clicking in the window. When the Parameter
Window is active, a selected register will be highlighted.
To read the selected (highlighted) register, either the ”r” or ”R” key is used. In this way,
the register contents are updated and displayed in the Parameter Window.
To write to the selected register, either the ”w” or ”W” is used. A dialogue box is then
displayed and the new parameter value can be specified. Immediately after writing to
a register, the register value will be read back and updated in the parameter
window. If the register is continuously updated by the MAC motor, a value other than that entered may be shown in the parameter window.
The cursor position, i.e. selected parameter, can be changed using the arrow keys, PgUp
or PgDn keys, or using the mouse.
To display the sampled register values in the Sample Window, either the ”s” or ”S” key
is used. The values of the sampled registers for the first/next sample is displayed.
Note that using the ”Write to Flash” button causes the MAC motor to be reset.
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3Parameter and Data Description
The following sections describe the data formats, parameter and data registers.
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3.2Parameter and Data Registers
The following subsections described all of the available parameter and data registers.
Each register has its own unique register number. The following subsections of this manual are structured such that register number N is described in section 3.2.N.
Note that registers of the format LongInt take up two register numbers, corresponding
to two words.
The Parameter and Data Registers can be categorised into the following groups:
•Error handling: Registers 16 ... 35. Parameters and data for error handling.
•Power on: Registers 36 ... 42. Parameters for setup and reset.
•Register mode: Registers 43 ... 88. Parameters for operation via registers.
•Filters: Registers 89 ... 111. Coefficients for various filters.
•Data acquisition: Registers 112 ... 116. Parameters for real-time data acquisition.
•Position / velocity-loop: Registers 117 ... 123 Various parameters for position- and
velocity loops.
•Current-loops: Registers 124 ... 152.
•Diverse: Registers 153 ... 156.
3.2.1PROG_VERSION - Register 1
Data format: word.
Indicates the MAC motor’s program version. Can be changed by the user, but cannot be
written to Flash Memory. Example: Version is read as 78 = 4Eh = version 4.14.
3.2.2MODE_REG - Register 2
Data format: word.
Range: 0 ... 15.
This register determines the mode in which the MAC motor will be operated:
Value: Operation mode:
0Init mode. See "Init Mode", page 57.
1Velocity mode, V_MODE. See "Velocity Mode", page 58.
2Position mode, P_MODE. See "Position Mode", page 58.
3Gear mode, G_MODE. See "Gear Mode (G_MODE, MODE = 3 )", page 59.
4Analog Torque mode, AT_MODE. See
"Analog Velocity Gear mode ( AVG_MODE, MODE = 6 )", page 61.
7Manual current mode, MANI_MODE. See
"Manual Mode ( MANI_MODE, MODE = 7 )", page 62.
8Voltage test mode, TESTU_MODE. See
"TESTU_MODE ( MODE = 8 )", page 62.
9Acceleration test mode, TESTA_MODE. See
"TESTA_MODE ( MODE = 9 )", page 63.
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3.2Parameter and Data Registers
10 Break mode, BREAK_MODE. See
"BREAK_MODE ( MODE = 10 )", page 64.
11 Stop mode, STOP_MODE. See "STOP_MODE ( MODE = 11 )", page 64.
12 Home 1 mode, HOME1_MODE. See "HOME1_MODE ( MODE = 12 )", page 64.
13 Home 2 mode, HOME2_MODE. See "HOME2_MODE ( MODE = 13 )", page 65.
14 Home 3 mode, HOME3_MODE. See "HOME3_MODE ( MODE = 14 )", page 66.
15 SAFE_MODE. See "SAFE_MODE ( MODE = 15 )", page 67.
3.2.3P_SOLL - Register 3
Data format: LongInt.
Range: +/-67E6.
This register indicates the absolute position to which the motor will move. See
"CNTRL_BITS - Register 36", page 31, RELPOSBIT.
The register is used in Position mode, P_MODE, where the specified value indicates the
desired position, measured in encoder counts. See the following sections: "Position Mode", page 58, "P_IST - Register 10", page 21, and "P_FNC - Register 8", page 21.
Unit: Encoder counts.
3.2.4P_SOLL - Register 3
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3.2Parameter and Data Registers
S
B
3.2.5V_SOLL - Register 5
Data format: Integer.
Recommended range: See illustration.
peed in RPM
4000
3000
2000
1000
This register specifies a velocity measured in 1/16 encoder counts/sample. The sampling
frequency is 520.8 Hz. The number of encoder counts per revolution = 4096.
Restricted area
motor losses will
be too high
Safe operation area
0
0 12243648
Operation below 12V is not recommended
Supply
Volta ge (VDC)
TT0925G
i.e. if V_SOLL is specified as 1600, the angular velocity will be:
V_SOLL is used differently in different operating modes:
•Velocity mode, V_MODE:
V_SOLL specifies the required velocity. See
"Velocity Mode", page 58.
•Position mode, P_MODE:
V_SOLL specifies the maximum velocity during
positioning. See "Position Mode", page 58.
•Gear mode, G_MODE:
V_SOLL specifies the maximum velocity during positioning.
See "Gear Mode (G_MODE, MODE = 3 )", page 59.
•Analog Velocity mode, AV_MODE:
In this mode, the motor velocity is controlled by
an analogue input signal ( +/- 10V ). V_SOLL specifies the maximum velocity
corresponding to +/- 10V. See "Analog Velocity Mode", page 61.
•Analog Velocity Gear mode, AVG_MODE:
In this mode, the motor velocity is
controlled by signals at the pulse input, with a bias velocity that is controlled by the
signal at the analogue input. V_SOLL specifies the total maximum velocity. See
"Analog Velocity Gear mode ( AVG_MODE, MODE = 6 )", page 61.
Unit: 0.4768 rpm.
JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 14019
3.2Parameter and Data Registers
3.2.6A_SOLL - Register 6
Data format: Word.
Recommended range: 1 ... 1000.
This register specifies an acceleration measured in 1/16 encoder counts/sample
sampling frequency is 520.8 Hz. The number of encoder counts per revolution = 4096.
i.e. if A_SOLL is specified as 160, the acceleration will be:
P_FNC specifies the position that a given function generator has reached. The value of
P_FNC is only used in P_MODE. The fact that the value is updated in other modes of
operation enables the start position to be found when switched to P_MODE.
Example (flying saw):
1. The motor (saw) is stationary at its start position in P_MODE, while a target job passes.
2. At a given signal, the operating mode is switched to G_MODE. The motor (saw) synchronises velocity with the object. During this operation, P_FNC is updated.
3. The object is sawn.
4. The mode of operation is switched to P_MODE. Since the value of P_FNC has
changed, the position function block will generate a velocity that moves the motor
(saw) back to its starting point.
P_FNC can be used to perform relative positioning. See "Position function block", page 50.
3.2.9P_FNC - Register 8
3.2.10P_IST - Register 10
Data format: LongInt.
Range: +/-2147483647.
This register indicates the motor’s current position.
Unit: Encoder counts
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3.2Parameter and Data Registers
The register can be freely overwritten by a user. This will not influence control of the
motor since the register contents are not used by the control program. This gives the
user the facility to reset P_IST at a given position and thereafter measure the distance to
another position, e.g. in conjunction with a linear guide.
Software position limits refer to this register. See "Software end-of-travel limits", page 68.
The register is updated in all modes of operation.
3.2.11P_IST - Register 10
3.2.12V_IST - Register 12
Data format: Integer.
Range: +/-32767.
This register indicates the motor velocity measured in encoder counts per sample. the
sampling frequency is 520.8 Hz. The number of encoder counts per revolution = 4096.
If V_IST = 100, this corresponds to a motor velocity of:
The register should not be overwritten by the user since this will result in a positioning
error.
The register is updated in all modes of operation.
Note:
The resolution of the measured velocity stored in this register is approximately 8
rpm. Reading this register will therefore involve measurement noise (quantisation noise)
amounting to +/- 8 rpm. In the context of control, this error is of no consequence since
it is only valid for 1/520.8 sec = 1.92 ms.
Unit: 7.629 rpm.
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3.2Parameter and Data Registers
3.2.13KVOUT - Register 13
Data format: Fixed8
Recommended range: 1.0 ... 10.0
This register is used to determine a relative, inertial motor load, seen in relation to the
motor’s nominal inertial load. The calculation of KVOUT incorporates the motor’s own
inertia.
Example: Let a motor’s own inertia be 17.3E-6 kgm2, (nominal load). The motor is loaded with an inertial load = 50E-6 kgm2.
KVOUT is calculated as:
17.3E-6 + 50E-6
-------------------- = 3.9
17.3E-6
During control, the calculated nominal torque will be multiplied by KVOUT, thus maintaining the motor acceleration.
KVOUT is used in the following modes of operation:
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3.2Parameter and Data Registers
3.2.16I2T - Register 16
3.2.17I2TLIM - Register 17
Data format: Word.
These registers are used for monitoring thermal overload of the motor as a result of current heat dissipation in the coils.
In principle, I2T carries out a partial integration of the current heat loss:
2
+ Ib2 + Ic
Ia
where Ia, Ib and Ic are the measured phase currents.
When the value of I2T exceeds I2TLIM the following occurs:
•I2T_ERR bit is set. See "ERR_STAT - Register 35", page 30.
•MODE_REG = INIT_MODE. See "STOP_MODE ( MODE = 11 )", page 64 and
"Init Mode", page 57.
Register I2T is updated in all modes of operation.
3.2.18UIT - Register 18
3.2.19UITLIM - Register 19
Data format: Word.
These registers are used for monitoring thermal overload of the motor’s internal power
dump as a consequence of regenerative energy from the motor during deceleration.
In principle a partial integration of the regenerative power is carried out:
Preg = - ( Ia*Ua + Ib*Ub + Ic*Uc )
2
where Ia, Ib and Ic are the measured phase currents, and Ua, Ub and Uc are the applied
voltages to the three phases.
If Preg is calculated to be < 0, Preg is set = 0.
When the value of UIT exceeds UITLIM, and the supply voltage > 52V, the following occurs:
•UIT_ERR bit is set. See "ERR_STAT - Register 35", page 30.
•MODE_REG = INIT_MODE. See "STOP_MODE ( MODE = 11 )", page 64 and
"Init Mode", page 57.
Register UIT is updated in all modes of operation.
JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 14025
In the above modes, FLWERR is calculated. In all other modes of operation FLWERR is
set to 0.
3.2.23
V, AV, AVG_MODE:
velocity errors that are in part due to the dynamic characteristics of the velocity regulator, and in part can be due to the fact that the motor is torque overloaded, which results
in the expected position cannot be maintained. FLWERR is thus used here to detect abnormal loading of the motor or blockages.
P, G_MODE:
noted however that in these modes the function generator will correct/adjust the velocity profile so that the motor is not significantly overloaded. The value of FLWERR will
therefore be limited automatically. The user can however still use FLWERR, FLWERRMAX in applications in which the maximum motor torque is expected to be so small
that a correction of the velocity profile will not take place, and where the user wants to
use FLWERR as an indicator of an abnormal torque sequence.
If the absolute value of FLWERR exceeds FLWERRMAX, the following occurs:
•FLW_ERR bit is set. See "ERR_STAT - Register 35", page 30.
•MODE_REG = INIT_MODE. See "STOP_MODE ( MODE = 11 )", page 64 and
"Init Mode", page 57.
This monitoring function can be disabled by setting FLWERRMAX = 0.
See "Follow error", page 69.
FLWERR is calculated in the same way as described above. It should be
In these modes of operation FLWERR is calculated by accumulating
26JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 140
In the above modes FNCERR is calculated. In all other modes of operation FNCERR is
set to 0.
V_MODE, P_MODE:
that the function generator has applied to the velocity profile in order to maintain the
specified maximum torque.
It should be noted that the value of FNCERR in P_MODE is not an expression of a positioning error. If the motor is forced from its correct position and stays there, the function
generator will generate a velocity towards the correct position. Assume for example that
this velocity = 10. Since the motor is kept in this position, in principle the velocity profile
will be corrected by a value of -10 at each sample. The absolute value of FNCERR will
thus increase by 10 for each sample, despite the fact that the positioning error is constant.
G_MODE:
tion generator has applied to the velocity profile in order to maintain the specified maximum torque, maximum acceleration and maximum velocity.
In G_MODE, FNCERR represents a positioning error.
If the absolute value of FNCERR exceeds FNCERRMAX, the following occurs:
• FNC_ERR bit is set. See "ERR_STAT - Register 35", page 30.
•MODE_REG = INIT_MODE. See "STOP_MODE ( MODE = 11 )", page 64 and
"Init Mode", page 57.
This monitoring function can be disabled by setting FNCERRMAX = 0.
FNCERR is calculated by accumulating the velocity corrections that the func-
FNCERR is calculated by accumulating the velocity corrections
In P_MODE especially, it is normally unacceptable that FNCERR deviates from 0. The
specified maximum torque, T_SOLL, and maximum acceleration, A_SOLL, should be
corrected by the user.
See "Function Error", page 69.
3.2.27FNCERRMAX
JVL Industri Elektronik A/S - Technical Manual - Integrated Servo Motors MAC50, 95 and 14027
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