JOY-IT POKEYS57E User guide

Download

Version: 21/12/2016

User’s manual

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Please read the following notes

1. All information included in this document is current as of the date this document is issued. Such information, however,

is subject to change without any prior notice.

2. PoLabs does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights of

third parties by or arising from the use of PoLabs products or technical information described in this document. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted hereby under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of PoLabs or others. PoLabs claims the copyright of, and retains the rights to, all material (software, documents, etc.) contained in this release. You may copy and distribute the entire release in its original state, but must not copy individual items within the release other than for backup purposes.

3. Descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided only to illustrate the

operation of the products and application examples. You are fully responsible for the incorporation of these circuits, software, and information in the design of your equipment. PoLabs assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by you or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software, or information.

4. PoLabs has used reasonable care in preparing the information included in this document, but PoLabs does not warrant

that such information is error free. PoLabs assumes no liability whatsoever for any damages incurred by you resulting from errors in or omissions from the information included herein.

5. PoLabs devices may be used in equipment that does not impose a threat to human life in case of the malfunctioning,

such as: computer interfaces, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment, and industrial robots.

6. Measures such as fail-safe function and redundant design should be taken to ensure reliability and safety when PoLabs

devices are used for or in connection with equipment that requires higher reliability, for example: traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anticrime systems, safety equipment, medical equipment not specifically designed for life support, and other similar applications.

7. PoLabs devices shall not be used for or in connection with equipment that requires an extremely high level of reliability

and safety, as for example: aircraft systems, aerospace equipment, nuclear reactor control systems, medical equipment or systems for life support (e.g. artificial life support devices or systems), and any other applications or purposes that pose a direct threat to human life.

8. You should use the PoLabs products described in this document within the range specified by PoLabs, especially with

respect to the maximum rating, operating supply voltage range and other product characteristics. PoLabs shall have no liability for malfunctions or damages arising out of the use of PoLabs products beyond such specified ranges.

9. Although PoLabs endeavors to improve the quality and reliability of its products, semiconductor products have specific

characteristics such as the occurrence of failure at a certain rate and malfunctions under certain use conditions. Further, PoLabs products are not subject to radiation resistance design. Please be sure to implement safety measures to guard them against the possibility of physical injury, and injury or damage caused by fire in the event of the failure of a PoLabs product, such as safety design for hardware and software including but not limited to redundancy, fire control and malfunction prevention, appropriate treatment for aging degradation or any other appropriate measures.

10. Usage: the software in this release is for use only with PoLabs products or with data collected using PoLabs products.

11. Fitness for purpose: no two applications are the same, so PoLabs cannot guarantee that its equipment or software is

suitable for a given application. It is therefore the user's responsibility to ensure that the product is suitable for the user's application.

12. Viruses: this software was continuously monitored for viruses during production, however the user is responsible for

virus checking the software once it is installed.

13. Upgrades: we provide upgrades, free of charge, from our web site at www.poscope.com. We reserve the right to charge

for updates or replacements sent out on physical media.

14. Please contact a PoLabs support for details as to environmental matters such as the environmental compatibility of

each PoLabs product. Please use PoLabs products in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations that regulate the inclusion or use of controlled substances, including without limitation, the EU RoHS Directive. PoLabs assumes no liability for damages or losses occurring as a result of your noncompliance with applicable laws and regulations.

15. Please contact a PoLabs support at support.poscope.com if you have any questions regarding the information contained

in this document or PoLabs products, or if you have any other inquiries.

16. The licensee agrees to allow access to this software only to persons who have been informed of and agree to abide by

these conditions.

17. Trademarks: Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. PoKeys, PoKeys55, PoKeys56U, PoKeys56E,

PoKeys57U, PoKeys57E, PoKeys57CNC, PoScope, PoLabs and others are internationally registered trademarks.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Contents

1. Description ...................................................................................................................................... 8

2. Features ........................................................................................................................................... 9

2.1. PoKeys55 ................................................................................................................................. 9

2.2. PoKeys56U / PoKeys57U ......................................................................................................... 9

2.3. PoKeys56E / PoKeys57E ........................................................................................................ 10

3. Device comparison ........................................................................................................................ 11

4. Device hardware description......................................................................................................... 12

4.1. PoKeys56U/E pin functions graphical overview .................................................................... 16

4.2. PoKeys55 pin functions graphical overview (serial numbers above 11500) ......................... 16

4.3. Status LEDs ............................................................................................................................ 17

5. Requirements ................................................................................................................................ 18

5.1. USB devices ........................................................................................................................... 18

5.2. Network devices .................................................................................................................... 18

PoKeys57E v1.2 .............................................................................................................................. 18

PoKeys56E/PoKeys57E v1.1 .......................................................................................................... 18

6. Technical specifications ................................................................................................................. 19

6.1. PoKeys55, PoKeys56U and PoKeys57U dimensions .............................................................. 19

6.2. PoKeys56E/57E dimensions .................................................................................................. 20

6.3. Electrical specification – limiting values ................................................................................ 21

6.4. Electrical specification – static characteristic ........................................................................ 21

6.5. Environment specifications ................................................................................................... 21

6.6. Power supply for PoKeys57E v1.2 ......................................................................................... 22

6.7. Power supply for PoKeys56E (and PoKeys57E v1.1) ............................................................. 22

7. Installation ..................................................................................................................................... 23

8. PoKeys configuration options ........................................................................................................ 24

8.1. Digital inputs and outputs ..................................................................................................... 24

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 24

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 29

8.2. Connection signal output ...................................................................................................... 30

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 31

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 31

8.3. Digital counters (only on PoKeys56 devices) ......................................................................... 32

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 32

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 32

8.4. Encoders ................................................................................................................................ 34

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 34

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 36

8.5. Matrix keyboard .................................................................................................................... 38

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 38

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 40

8.6. Analog inputs ......................................................................................................................... 41

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 41

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 42

8.7. Joystick mapping ................................................................................................................... 43

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 43

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 44

8.8. PWM outputs ........................................................................................................................ 45

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 45

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 46

8.9. Matrix LED output ................................................................................................................. 47

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 48

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 48

8.10. LCD ..................................................................................................................................... 49

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 50

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 51

8.11. PoExtBus ............................................................................................................................ 52

PoKeys configuration software usage ........................................................................................... 53

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 54

PoExtBus connector type .............................................................................................................. 54

8.12. PoNET ................................................................................................................................ 55

Adding new devices ....................................................................................................................... 55

PoNET kb48CNC keyboard............................................................................................................. 56

PoNET/PoExtBus connection example .......................................................................................... 57

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 57

8.13. Failsafe settings ................................................................................................................. 59

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 59

8.14. I2C protocol ........................................................................................................................ 60

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 60

8.15. 1-wire ................................................................................................................................. 62

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 62

8.16. Sensors .............................................................................................................................. 63

I2C sensors ..................................................................................................................................... 63

1-wire sensors ............................................................................................................................... 65

Analog sensors ............................................................................................................................... 66

Applicable PoKeys library commands ........................................................................................... 67

8.17. EasySensors ....................................................................................................................... 68

EasySensors configuration dialog .................................................................................................. 68

Scan for I2C sensors ....................................................................................................................... 68

Scan for 1-wire sensors ................................................................................................................. 69

Add DHTxx 1-Wire sensor .............................................................................................................. 69

Add analog sensor ......................................................................................................................... 69

List of supported sensors .............................................................................................................. 71

8.18. USB interface configuration .............................................................................................. 72

Start options .................................................................................................................................. 72

Communication interval ................................................................................................................ 72

Enabling/disabling the interfaces .................................................................................................. 73

8.19. PoKeys56E and PoKeys57E ................................................................................................ 74

Connecting to PoKeys56E/57E device for the first time ............................................................... 74

Device discovery ............................................................................................................................ 74

Default settings ............................................................................................................................. 75

Connecting to device in other network ......................................................................................... 75

Security .......................................................................................................................................... 75

Web interface ................................................................................................................................ 77

Modbus .......................................................................................................................................... 80

Connecting to PoKeys56E/57E across the internet ....................................................................... 82

Using PoKeys software with PoKeys56E/57E device across the internet ..................................... 83

8.20. Reporting data to network server with PoKeys56E/57E device ........................................ 84

Setup for Xively web service.......................................................................................................... 85

Setup for standard HTTP POST or PUT data upload ...................................................................... 87

8.21. Changing User ID number ................................................................................................. 88

8.22. Saving current configuration to file ................................................................................... 89

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

9. PoTLog27 firmware ....................................................................................................................... 89

10. Communicating with the USB devices using the console ......... Napaka! Zaznamek ni definiran.

10.1. Supported operations ........................................................ Napaka! Zaznamek ni definiran.

11. Connecting common peripherals to PoKeys devices ................................................................ 92

12. Restoring factory defaults - quick resetting the device configuration (or recovering bad

firmware update) .................................................................................................................................. 98

13. Frequently asked questions ...................................................................................................... 99

14. PoKeys library functions .......................................................................................................... 103

14.1. ConnectToDevice (universal for all PoKeys devices) ....................................................... 103

14.2. EnumerateDevices (for USB-based PoKeys devices) ....................................................... 103

14.3. ConnectToDevice (for USB-based PoKeys devices) ......................................................... 103

14.4. DisconnectDevice ............................................................................................................ 104

14.5. StartEthernetDiscovery ................................................................................................... 104

14.6. StopEthernetDiscovery .................................................................................................... 104

14.7. GetNumberOfDetectedNetworkDevices ......................................................................... 105

14.8. ConnectToNetworkDevice ............................................................................................... 105

14.9. GetDeviceIDEx ................................................................................................................. 105

14.10. GetUserID ........................................................................................................................ 106

14.11. SetUserID ......................................................................................................................... 106

14.12. SetPinData ....................................................................................................................... 106

14.13. SetPinData ....................................................................................................................... 107

14.14. GetPinData ...................................................................................................................... 108

14.15. GetPinData ...................................................................................................................... 109

14.16. GetInput........................................................................................................................... 109

14.17. SetOutput ........................................................................................................................ 110

14.18. GetAnalogInput ............................................................................................................... 110

14.19. SaveConfiguration ........................................................................................................... 111

14.20. GetMatrixConfiguration .................................................................................................. 111

14.21. SetMatrixConfiguration ................................................................................................... 113

14.22. GetPWMOutputs ............................................................................................................. 114

14.23. SetPWMOutputs .............................................................................................................. 115

15. Interfacing with PoKeys library – C# example ......................................................................... 117

16. Major changes from 1.x to 1.7: ............................................................................................... 126

16.1. Pin 13 not functioning appropriately .............................................................................. 126

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

16.2. Putting pin 4 low on startup disables PoKeys55 device from booting. ........................... 126

17. Errata information ................................................................................................................... 127

Pins 5 and 6 cannot be separately set as outputs/inputs ........................................................... 127

Wrong power supply was specified for PoNET connector in the documentation ...................... 127

Stepper motor outputs of the internal pulse generator don’t generate proper step signals for

axes y and z. ................................................................................................................................. 127

18. Grant of license ....................................................................................................................... 128

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

1. Description

PoKeys products line consists of simple, easy-to-use USB and network devices with the extended list of features making them powerful input/output devices. PoKeys55, PoKeys56U and PoKeys57U devices also incorporate a virtual USB keyboard and joystick with a simple setup. PoKeys devices enable user to design specially built robust computer interfaces. The devices are highly adjustable and as such require no complex knowledge on device programming. Virtual USB keyboard supports emulation of single key presses or various programmable series of keys (keyboard macro sequences) while virtual USB joystick emulation supports mapping of analog inputs to joystick axes and mapping of digital inputs to joystick buttons. All peripherals can be tested via included software with highly intuitive graphical user interface. Chosen settings can be stored on device, so no special software is needed on target system.

If additional input and output capabilities are needed, the devices provide 55 digital 5V tolerant inputs or outputs, 5 10-bit analog inputs (on PoKeys55) / 7 12-bit analog inputs (on PoKeys56 and PoKeys57 series devices) with adjustable software low-pass filter and one 10-bit analog output (on PoKeys55). These are complemented with 6 high-speed fully configurable PWM (pulse width modulation) outputs. User can freely set PWM period and PWM duty cycles. PWM module runs at 12 MHz (on PoKeys55) / 25 MHz (on PoKeys56 and PoKeys57 series devices) and allows high-speed output switching.

PoKeys devices also support up to 25 pairs of quadrature encoder signal inputs for which can be freely connected to any of the 55 inputs on PoKeys devices. These inputs increment or decrement the counters that can be read via provided software of other third-party applications. Changes in those signals can trigger virtual keyboard presses on USB versions of PoKeys devices. PoKeys devices also support three additional fast encoders, when higher frequencies of the quadrature encoder signals are in use. PoKeys56 and PoKeys57 series devices add additional support for one ultra-fast quadrature encoder signal that can handle even greater frequencies of these signals with ease.

In the cases when the application requires more than 55 inputs or outputs, PoKeys devices have the inbuilt support for matrix keyboards sized up to 16x8 with freely assignable key codes for virtual USB keyboard, while the PoExtBus bus feature adds the support for additional 80 digital outputs.

PoKeys devices also support hd44780-compatible character LCD displays and two serially driven 8x8 matrix LED displays.

Third-party application developers that are adding the support for PoKeys devices, are encouraged to use the supplied communication DLL that can be simply used in the different .NET framework based applications and various other programming languages that provide support for ActiveX interface. There is even an open-source cross-platform C library available at https://bitbucket.org/mbosnak/pokeyslib.

To aid developers that are communicating with PoKeys devices on the low-level, the extensive documentation on device communication protocol can be downloaded free of charge from the product webpage.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

2. Features

2.1. PoKeys55

- Compatible with USB 1.1/2.0 HID standard

- Standard English USB keyboard simulation (with triggering support for up/down keys)

- Standard USB joystick simulation (6 axis, 32 buttons with triggering support)

- 55 digital inputs with pull-up resistors, freely mappable to virtual USB keyboard’s keys

- 55 software controlled digital outputs

- 5 analog inputs (10-bit), freely mappable to any of virtual USB joystick axes (with adjustable

low-pass filtering support)

- 1 software controlled 10-bit analog output, controlled via included software

- Up to 25 encoder pair inputs

- Up to 64 256-character long keyboard macro sequences

- Up to 16x8 matrix keyboard with triggered keys/alternate function support

- Two 8x8 matrix LED display support

- Up to 6 high-speed fully configurable PWM outputs support (12 MHz PWM timer)

- HD44780-based character LCD support (up to 4x20 characters)

- PoExtBus support for adding up to 10 external shift registers

- Support for Connection signal output

- Intuitive and user-friendly software

- Third-party support via communication DLL library and extensive protocol specification

document that allows porting to other systems

2.2. PoKeys56U / PoKeys57U

- Compatible with USB 1.1/2.0 HID standard

- Standard English USB keyboard simulation (with triggering support for up/down keys)

- Standard USB joystick simulation (6 axis, 32 buttons with triggering support)

- 55 digital inputs with pull-up resistors, freely mappable to virtual USB keyboard’s keys

- 55 software controlled digital outputs

- 7 analog inputs (12-bit) with adjustable low-pass filtering support

- Up to 26 encoder pair inputs (3 high-speed encoder inputs, 1 ultra high speed encoder input)

- Digital counters on specific digital input pins

- 3-axis 25 kHz or 8-axis 125 kHz highly customizable Pulse engine v2 with safety 5 kHz charge-

pump output

- Two 8x8 matrix LED display support

- Up to 64 256-character long keyboard macro sequences

- Up to 16x8 matrix keyboard with triggered keys/alternate function support

- Two 8x8 matrix LED display support

- Up to 6 high-speed fully configurable PWM outputs support (25MHz PWM timer)

- HD44780-based character LCD support (up to 4x20 characters)

- PoExtBus support for adding up to 10 external shift registers

- PoNET devices support (48-key CNC keyboard mapped to matrix keyboard)

- Support for Connection signal output

- Fail-safe support in case of communication interruption

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

- Support for up to 10 sensors on I

C bus, up to 10 sensors on 1-wire bus and up to 7 analog

sensors (PoKeys56) or up to 100 sensors on I2C, 1-wire buses (PoKeys57)

- Communication compatible with PoKeys55 on application layer (data packet structure)

- Intuitive and user-friendly software

- Third-party support via communication DLL library and extensive protocol specification

document that allows porting to other systems

2.3. PoKeys56E / PoKeys57E

- Ethernet 10/100 with DHCP client or fixed IP support

- TCP connection with device

- 55 digital inputs with pull-up resistors

- 55 software controlled digital outputs

- 7 analog inputs (12-bit) with adjustable low-pass filtering support

- Up to 26 encoder pair inputs (3 high-speed encoder inputs, 1 ultra high speed encoder input)

- 3-axis 25 kHz or 8-axis 125 kHz highly customizable Pulse engine v2 with safety 5 kHz charge-

pump output

- Digital counters on specific digital input pins

- Up to 16x8 matrix keyboard

- Two 8x8 matrix LED display support

- Up to 6 high-speed fully configurable PWM outputs support (25 MHz PWM timer)

- HD44780-based character LCD support (up to 4x20 characters)

- PoExtBus support for adding up to 10 external shift registers

- PoNET devices support (48-key CNC keyboard)

- Modbus TCP support (access to digital IO, analog inputs, encoders’ counters, digital counters

values, PWM outputs, LCD display, LED matrix display, PoExtBus devices, matrix keyboard status)

- Support for up to 10 sensors on I

sensors (PoKeys56) or up to 100 sensors on I2C, 1-wire buses (PoKeys57)

- Web interface with newly designed dashboard and I/O status display with multiple user

accounts

- Support for communication with devices on I

- Support for Connection signal output

- Fail-safe support in case of communication interruption

- Communication compatible with PoKeys55 on application layer (data packet structure)

- Intuitive and user-friendly software

- Third-party support via communication DLL library and extensive protocol specification

document that allows porting to other systems

C bus, up to 10 sensors on 1-wire bus and up to 7 analog

C and 1-wire buses

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PoKeys55

PoKeys56U/57U

PoKeys56E/57E

Number of pins on the board

Digital inputs

Digital outputs

Analog inputs

5x 10-bit

7x 12-bit

Analog ouputs

1x 10-bit

Number of encoders (normal)

Number of fast encoders

3 3 3

Number of ultra fast encoders

0 1 1

Number of PWM outputs

6 (12 MHz clock)

6 (25 MHz clock)

Number of digital counters

Pulse engine

not suported

int. 3-axis 25 kHz

ext. 8-axis 125 kHz

int. 3-axis 25 kHz

ext. 8-axis 125 kHz

LCD support

Alphanumeric up to

4x20

Alphanumeric up to

4x20

Alphanumeric up to

4x20

Matrix keyboard support

Up to 16x8

Matrix LED

Two 8x8

Keyboard emulation

Yes

Joystick emulation

Yes

Connectivity

USB

Ethernet (IPv4 +

DHCP)

Modbus TCP support

Yes

I2C sensors

Yes

1-wire sensors

Yes

PoExtBus support

up to 80 outputs

PoNET bus support

up to 16 devices

Power supply

powered from USB

external power

supply

Number of devices per computer

127 per USB root

hub

127 per USB root

hub

practically unlimited

Automatic device discovery

Yes

Yes (in local

network)

Free configuration application

Yes

Free firmware upgrades

Yes

Communication DLL support

Yes

Availability

Out of production

Available

3. Device comparison

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

4. Device hardware description

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Type

Description

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin (limited current source capability on PoKeys56E/57E)

Fast encoder 1A – A channel input for the fast encoder 1

Counter 1 – Counter input signal for counter 1 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin (limited current source capability on PoKeys56E/57E)

Fast encoder 1B – B channel input for the fast encoder 1

Counter 2 – Counter input signal for counter 2 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin (when used as output on PoKeys56E/57E, pin 6 must also be specified as output)

Fast encoder 2A – A channel input for the fast encoder 2

Counter 5 – Counter input signal for counter 5 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin (when used as output on PoKeys56E/57E, pin 5 must also be specified as output)

Fast encoder 2B – B channel input for the fast encoder 2

Counter 6 – Counter input signal for counter 6 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Ultra fast encoder input A (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PoKeys56E/57E: external pulse generator - see Pulse engine manual

Matrix LED 1 serial data output

Counter 9 – Counter input signal for counter 9 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Matrix LED 1 output latch clock output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PoKeys56E/57E: external pulse generator - see Pulse engine manual

Matrix LED 1 serial clock output

Counter 11 – Counter input signal for counter 11 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Ultra fast encoder input B (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Ultra fast encoder index signal input (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Fast encoder 3A – A channel input for the fast encoder 3

Counter 15 – Counter input signal for counter 15 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Fast encoder 3B – B channel input for the fast encoder 3

Counter 16 – Counter input signal for counter 16 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PWM channel 6 output

I = input, O = output, I/O input or output, SF = special function

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PWM channel 5 output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PWM channel 4 output

Counter 19 – Counter input signal for counter 19 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PWM channel 3 output

Counter 20 – Counter input signal for counter 20 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PWM channel 2 output

Counter 21 – Counter input signal for counter 21 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PWM channel 1 output

Counter 22 – Counter input signal for counter 22 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

LCD data 7 (primary configuration)

Matrix LED 2 serial data output

PoKeys56U: external pulse generator - see Pulse engine manual

Counter 23 – Counter input signal for counter 23 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

LCD data 6 (primary configuration)

Matrix LED 2 output latch clock output

Counter 24 – Counter input signal for counter 24 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

LCD data 5 (primary configuration)

Matrix LED 2 serial clock output

PoKeys56U: external pulse generator - see Pulse engine manual

Counter 25 – Counter input signal for counter 25 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

LCD data 4 (primary configuration)

PoKeys56U: external pulse generator - see Pulse engine manual

Counter 26 – Counter input signal for counter 26 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Counter 27 – Counter input signal for counter 27 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

LCD R/W (primary and secondary configuration)

Counter 28 – Counter input signal for counter 28 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

LCD RS (primary and secondary configuration)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

LCD E (primary and secondary configuration)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

LCD data 7 (secondary configuration)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

LCD data 6 (secondary configuration)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

I/O

LCD data 5 (secondary configuration)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

LCD data 4 (secondary configuration)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

External pulse generator dedicated IO connection - see Pulse engine manual

PoExtBus serial clock if PoExtBus on dedicated connector is not used

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

External pulse generator dedicated IO connection - see Pulse engine manual

PoExtBus serial data if PoExtBus on dedicated connector is not used

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

External pulse generator dedicated IO connection - see Pulse engine manual

PoExtBus output latch clock if PoExtBus on dedicated connector is not used

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

External pulse generator dedicated IO connection - see Pulse engine manual

Pulse engine DIR x - x-axis direction output (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Pulse engine DIR y - y-axis direction output (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Pulse engine DIR z - z-axis direction output (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Analog input 41 (not available on PoKeys55)

Counter 41 – Counter input signal for counter 41 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Analog input 42 (not available on PoKeys55)

Counter 42 – Counter input signal for counter 42 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Analog input 43

Counter 43 – Counter input signal for counter 43 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Analog input 44

Counter 44 – Counter input signal for counter 44 (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Analog input 45

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Analog input 46

Counter 46 – Counter input signal for counter 46 (not available on PoKeys55)

Integrated Pulse engine STEP x - x-axis step output (not available on PoKeys55)

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Analog input 47

Connection signal output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin (limited current source capability on PoKeys56U)

Counter 48 – Counter input signal for counter 48 (not available on PoKeys55)

Integrated Pulse engine STEP y - y-axis step output (requires additional 470 Ohm pull-up resistor on PoKeys56U) (not available on PoKeys55)

Connection signal output

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin (limited current source capability on PoKeys56U)

Counter 49 – Counter input signal for counter 49 (not available on PoKeys55)

Integrated Pulse engine STEP z - z-axis step output (requires additional 470 Ohm pull-up resistor on PoKeys56U) (not available on PoKeys55)

Connection signal output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Connection signal output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

PoKeys56E/57E: external pulse generator - see Pulse engine manual

Connection signal output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Pulse engine EMGERGENCY - emergency switch input (not available on PoKeys55)

Connection signal output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Pulse engine CHARGEPUMP - 5 kHz charge pump signal output (not available on PoKeys55)

Connection signal output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

Recovery mode (RST) signal - PoKeys enters recovery mode if this signal is tied to GND at startup

Connection signal output

I/O

General purpose digital input/output pin

I/O

1-wire communication bus (not available on PoKeys55)

Connection signal output

Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55

DI DO AI AO Fast encoders Ultra fast encoders LCD LED Auxil ary output PWM Connection signal Configuration rese t Counters Special functions 1-wire

not supported supported

4.1. PoKeys56U/E pin functions graphical overview

4.2. PoKeys55 pin functions graphical overview (serial numbers above 11500)

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

4.3. Status LEDs

Each PoKeys devices has the following status LEDs:

- Red LED – power status: when the power is applied to PoKeys device, this LED is lit

- Green LED – connection/communication status: this LED reflects various operating modes of

the PoKeys device

o Fast blinking on startup: device has started in the recovery mode. This enables to

update the firmware and clear the settings in the device.

o Slow blinking on startup (PoKeys56E/57E): PoKeys device is waiting for DHCP settings o Solid: device is in normal operation mode

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

5. Requirements

5.1. USB devices

- One available USB 1.1 or USB 2.0 port

- USB HID device driver enabled operating system (Windows 98

SE/ME/2000/XP/Vista/Windows 7/8/10, Linux, Mac OS)

- Included software requires Windows XP/Vista/Windows 7/Windows 8/Windows 10 with

.NET frameworks 2.0 and 3.5 installed (ONLY FOR SYSTEMS WHERE THE DEVICES WILL BE CONFIGURED, TARGET SYSTEM NEEDS NO SOFTWARE INSTALLATION FOR THE DEVICE TO OPERATE AS A STANDARD USB KEYBOARD AND JOYSTICK).

5.2. Network devices

PoKeys57E v1.2

- Ethernet connection between host computer and PoKeys57E device

- 5-12 V DC power supply with 400 mA current capability. If any additional peripheral is

connected to PoKeys57E, use appropriately more powerful power supply.

- Included software requires Windows XP/Vista/Windows 7/Windows 8/Windows 10 with

.NET frameworks 2.0 and 3.5 installed (ONLY FOR SYSTEMS WHERE THE DEVICES WILL BE CONFIGURED, TARGET SYSTEM NEEDS NO SOFTWARE INSTALLATION FOR THE DEVICE TO OPERATE AS A STANDARD NETWORK DEVICE).

PoKeys56E/PoKeys57E v1.1

- Ethernet connection between host computer and PoKeys56E device

- 5V DC power supply with 400 mA. If any additional peripheral is connected to PoKeys56E,

use appropriately more powerful power supply.

- Included software requires Windows XP/Vista/Windows 7/Windows 8/Windows 10 with

.NET frameworks 2.0 and 3.5 installed (ONLY FOR SYSTEMS WHERE THE DEVICES WILL BE CONFIGURED, TARGET SYSTEM NEEDS NO SOFTWARE INSTALLATION FOR THE DEVICE TO OPERATE AS A STANDARD NETWORK DEVICE).

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

6. Technical specifications

6.1. PoKeys55, PoKeys56U and PoKeys57U dimensions

Measurements are in mm, all holes have 3mm diameter.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

6.2. PoKeys56E/57E dimensions

Measurements are in mm, all holes have 3mm diameter.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Symbol

Parameter

Min

Max

Unit V

analog input voltage on ADC related pins

-0.5

3.6

VI Input voltage on other pins

-0.5

5.5

esd

electrostatic discharge

-4000

4000

Symbol

Parameter

Conditions

Min

Typ

Max

Unit VI input voltage

pin conﬁgured as digital input

0 - 5.5 V VO output voltage

pin conﬁgured as digital output

0 - 3.3 V V

HIGH-level input voltage

2.0 - - V V

I_analog

analog input voltage

pin conﬁgured as analog input

0 - 3.3

O_analog

analog output voltage

pin conﬁgured as analog output

0 - 3.3

LOW-level input voltage

- - 0.8 V V

hys

hysteresis voltage

0.4 - - V V

HIGH-level output voltage

IOH = -4 mA

2.9 - - V V

LOW-level output voltage

IOH = 4 mA

- - 0.4 V I

HIGH-level output current

VOH = 2.9 V

-4 - -

LOW-level output current

VOL = 0.4 V

- - mA

OHS

HIGH-level short-circuit output current

= 0 V

- - -45

OLS

LOW-level short-circuit output current

VOL = 3.3V

- - 50

pull-up current

0 (V

>= 3.3V)

-50

-100

µA

5V pin source current

400

I5V

Power supply current for PoKeys57E v1.2 without peripherals

Uin = 5 V Uin = 12 V

100 50

120 60

150 75

mA mA

I5V

5V power supply current for PoKeys56E and PoKeys57E v1.1 without peripherals

250

300

400

3.3V

Maximum current of 3.3V power supply for external devices

- -

120

BATT

Lithium battery for RTC functionality (CR1220)

- 3 - V

Parameter

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

Power supply range

- PoKeys56U, *56E, *57U

- PoKeys57E v1.2

4.5

5.5 15

V V

Operating temperature

0 - 60

°C

Storage temperature

-40 - 85

°C

Humidity

5 - 95 (non-condensing)

% RH

6.3. Electrical specification – limiting values

6.4. Electrical specification – static characteristic

6.5. Environment specifications

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

6.6. Power supply for PoKeys57E v1.2

PoKeys57E requires external 5-12 V power supply to be connected to the board. PoKeys57E uses switching power supply to power the 5 V power supply bus (also available on pin +5V for external peripherals that require +5V). If any additional peripheral is connected to PoKeys57E board, combined current of peripheral and PoKeys57E board must be taken into consideration when selecting the power supply.

Take care when selecting proper power supply for PoKeys57E. The power supply may never exceed the voltage of +15 V or the PoKeys57E can get damaged.

6.7. Power supply for PoKeys56E (and PoKeys57E v1.1)

PoKeys56E requires external 5V power supply to be connected to the board. If any additional peripheral is connected to PoKeys56E board, combined current of peripheral and PoKeys56E board must be taken into consideration when selecting the power supply.

Due to the protection diode in the circuit, a 0.8 V voltage drop can be observed between input voltage and 5V pin. When supplying the PoKeys56E board with 5V power supply, take care when connecting peripherals that require 5V supply voltage (e.g., LCD displays).

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

7. Installation

PoKeys55 and PoKeys56U are USB 1.1/2.0 compliant devices and as such require no additional drivers for operation as a standard USB keyboard and joystick.

PoKeys56E/57E is an Ethernet device that requires an Ethernet connection between host computer and the device and the external power supply. No additional drivers are required. Network firewalls must allow all traffic on TCP/UDP port 20055.

To operate the device after the device has been configured there is no software installation necessary on a target system.

To configure the device the supplied software must be installed and the requirements listed in previous section of this manual must be met.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8. PoKeys configuration options

8.1. Digital inputs and outputs

Any of the 55 pins, available on the terminals on the PoKeys PCB, can be configured as digital input or output with selectable polarity. All pins have a weak pull-up resistor enabled and are 5V tollerant.

At every startup, all digital input or output configured pins are preset as digital input pins (with the weak pull-up resistor pulling the state of the pin to logical 1). To enable output function on a selected pin, SetPinFunction command must be executed. This behaviour can be disabled using the SetAutoSetOutputs command or via PoKeys configuration software (Settings > Initialize outputs on startup). Each output pin can sink or source up to 4 mA of current, with the limitation that the pins combined source or sink current does not exceed 100 mA.

All digital input pins on PoKeys55 or PoKeys56U can be configured to simulate a configurable USB keyboard key. When there is a high state on pin (on low state when using inverted polarity option) PoKeys device sends a USB message with the key code and modifier associated with this pin. Moreover, PoKeys device can simulate a series of key presses, what is called a macro sequence. Up to 64 different macro sequences can be setup with the combined total length of 3584 characters with each macro sequence shorter than 128 keys. All macros can be labelled with a 7-character name. Character codes (most frequently used are listed in the Appendix to this document) are USB HID standard keyboard codes.

An extension to the USB keyboard mapping described above, PoKeys supports also triggered mapping of inputs to USB keyboard keys. In triggered mapping mode, only pin state transitions (lowto-high or high-to-low trigger a USB key press) with different key combinations for each transition.

Type-matic like repeat and delay is an additional extension to the triggered key mapping. Instead of relying on the user’s system to trigger key repeat events, PoKeys can be configured to simulate repeated key presses at the predefined rate (period between two key presses is adjustable in 5 ms cycles – 0.78 to 200 repeats possible1) after a predefined delay (adjustable in steps of 5 ms – 0 to 1275 ms possible).

PoKeys configuration software usage

There is graphical representation for configuration of each PoKeys device’s pin on left and right side of main window. To change pin function, click on pin name and change its function in central ‘Pin settings’ frame.

The maximum repeat rate depends on the user's system

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Figure 1: PoKeys configuration window

There are 6 main pin functions possible: inactive, digital input, triggered digital input, digital output, analog input and analog output.

Inactive

Any pin (except those fixly mapped to an activated peripheral) can be set as inactive. Inactive pin is put in high-Z state with internal pull-up resistors enabled.

Digital input

Any one of the 55 pins can be configured as digital input by selecting ‘Digital input’ option box. If the

pin polarity is wished to be inverted, check the 'Invert pin' box.

There are several additional possibilities for digital input pin functions.

Direct key mapping – only for USB devices

Digital input set up for direct key mapping acts like a keyboard key. When there is a high state on pin (on low state when using inverted option), PoKeys55/PoKeys56U sends a key associated with this pin. Select a keyboard key from drop-down box and check appropriate key modifiers (Shift, Ctrl, …).

Example: Send Alt-F4

Select F4 from drop-down box and check Alt checkbox.

Example: Send ( (opening bracket)

This key kombination differs from your system regional settings. As the PoKeys55/PoKeys56U devices emulate a system keyboard, key associations depend on current sytem keyboard regional setting. To send an opening bracket symbol, one possible solution is to press Shift-8 (in most non-English countries) or to press Shift-9. Out of this reason there are no such secondary keys listed in dropdown box and must be entered by user as described above.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

1 2 3

Example: starting a program on Windows using PoKeys55/PoKeys56U device

On a Windows operating system, users can assign a custom shortcut key to any program shortcut. Find the shortcut and then right click on it to show the context menu (Step 1). Select Properties (Step

2), and under the Shortcut tab (Step 3), click on the ‘Shortcut key’ text box. Proceed by typing in a

combination that you wish to assign to a particular program (Step 4). Next, open the PoKeys application and connect to the desired PoKeys device. Click on the pin that will function as a launch trigger for your application (Step 5). Under Key mapping, select the same keyboard combination that you assigned to the program shortcut (Step 6). Click on the ‘Send to device’ button (Step 7) to transfer settings to the device. This will activate the new shortcut.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Figure 2: Setting up PoKeys device

Keyboard macro – only for USB devices

PoKeys55 and PoKeys56U devices support keyboard macros – the key press combinations that can be up to 256 keys long. To define a keyboard macro, first select Keyboard macro mapping option for one

of the pins. ‘Edit macros’ and ‘Get names’ command buttons become enabled. To add, change or delete macros click the ‘Edit macros’ button. The following dialog appears

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Figure 3: Macro editing dialog

First select the macro you want to edit. To change macro name, enter desired macro name (up to 7 characters long) in 'Macro name' text box and click 'Change' button. This name is used only to help user differentiate between multiple macros.

To set macro contents, simply enter text into 'Macro contents' text box. If there is an invalid character found, the text appears red. When finished, click Write to write macro to device.

List box at the right displays final macro sequence that is sent to PC when the macro gets activated.

Triggered digital input – only for USB devices

Any one of the 55 pins can be configured as triggered digital input by selecting ‘Triggered input’

option box. This pin mode enables user to select a key that is pressed only when a transition in a signal occurs. Different keys can be selected for ‘LOW-to-HIGH’ or ‘Key up’ event and for ‘HIGH-toLOW’ or ‘Key down’ event. Selecting the keys is similar to Direct key mapping described above.

Digital output

Any one of the 55 pins can be configured as digital output by selecting ‘Digital output’ option box. If the polarity of the pin is wished to be inverted, check the 'Invert pin' box. On startup, all pins (although optionally configured as digital output) are by default initialized in high-Z state (behaving like inputs). To use the outputs, SetPinData should be called before attempting to set the output state. However, there is an option to disable this behaviour - use the ‘Settings > Initialize outputs on startup’ option to either enable or disable output activation on PoKeys startup.

View status of digital inputs and outputs

Go to ‘Peripherals > Digital inputs and outputs…’ to display the status dialog as shown below.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or set single pin state

GetInput SetOutput

Reads current state of digital input Sets digital output state

Read or set single pin function

GetPinData SetPinData

Reads pin function Set pin function

Read or set single pin key or macro mapping

GetPinKeyMapping SetPinKeyMapping

Reads pin key mapping Sets pin key mapping options

GetPinMacroMapping SetPinMacroMapping

Reads pin macro mapping Set pin macro mappping options

Read or set triggered input mapping

GetTriggeredInputMapping SetTriggeredInputMapping

Reads triggered input mapping options Sets triggered input mapping options

Read or set type-matic like delays and rates

GetTypeMaticDelaysAndRates SetTypeMaticDelaysAndRates

Gets the typematic delay and repeat rate Sets the typematic delay and repeat rate

Figure 4: Input and output status dialog

There are 55 pins represented as colored squares in the dialog, organized in the rows of 8 pins. Each square contains a pin index number in the lower left corner, while the lower right corner is used to indicate a digital output (small black triangle is displayed on pins, configured as digital outputs). The color of the square resembles the current state of the pin – green for the activated (HIGH state) and white for the unactivated (LOW state).

To change the digital output state, first enable ‘Enable output control’ option, then either left or right click with mouse on the square representing the digital output to activate or deactivate this output.

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or write multiple inputs and outputs

BlockGetInput1 / BlockGetInput2 / BlockGetInputAll55 BlockSetOutput1/BlockSetOutput2/ BlockSetOutputAll55

Read block of inputs (1 to 32) / (33 to 55) / (1 to 55) Set block of outputs (1 to 32) / (33 to 55) / (1 to 55)

Read or set multiple pin configurations

GetAllPinConfiguration GetAllPinKeyCodes GetAllPinKeyMapping GetAllPinKeyModifierss SetAllPinConfiguration SetAllPinKeyCodes SetAllPinKeyMapping SetAllPinKeyModifierss

Read pin configuration for all pins Read pin key codes for all pins Read pin key mapping for all pins Read pin key modifiers for all pins Set pin configuration for all pins Set pin key codes for all pins Set pin key mapping for all pins Set pin key modifiers for all pins

Read or set automatic output initalization option

GetAutoSetOutputs SetAutoSetOutputs

Get automatic outputs initialization option Set automatic outputs initialization option

Macro-related commands

GetMacroKeys GetMacroName MacroCreate MacroDelete MacroGetActiveMacros MacroGetFreeSpace MacroGetLength MacroModifyLength MacroSaveConfiguration SetMacroKeys SetMacroName

Read key mapping for a macro Read macro name Reserve the space for a new macro Delete a specific macro Read the macro activation status Get free space for macros Read macro length Modify the length of a macro Save configuration of macros Set key mapping for a macro Set macro name

COM_Execute command

COM_ExecuteInner with the following parameters:

- GetDigitalPinValues

- SetDigitalPinValues

- GetPinConfiguration

- SetPinConfiguration

Read digital inputs Set digital outputs Read pins configuration Set pins configuration

Raw basic device report

GetFullDeviceReport

Set and read full device report

8.2. Connection signal output

Connection signal pin status can be set for pins 48 to 55. When USB connection with PC is established (or ethernet link is established on PoKeys56E/57E), pin for which 'Connection signal pin status' is enabled, will be put into high state (or low state if pin polarity is setup as inverted). If the connection

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or set connection signal setup

GetConnectionSignalData SetConnectionSignalData

Retrieves connection signal pins data Sets connection signal pins data

with PC is lost and power through USB is still available (or ethernet link is lost on PoKeys56E/57E), pin will go into low state (or high state if pin polarity is setup as inverted).

This command must not be confused with Failsafe settings, which are based on the communication timeout and not only link status.

PoKeys configuration software usage

To enable connection signal output, select one of the pins 48 to 55, then first select ‘Digital output’ option for this pin and check the ‘Connection signal’ option.

Figure 5: Connection signal setup

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or set single pin digital counter configuration

GetPinData SetPinData GetDigitalCounterDirectionPin SetDigitalCounterDirectionPin

Reads pin data with counter options Set pin data with counter options Reads direction pins for the digital counters Sets direction pins for the digital counters

IsCounterAvailable

Checks if specified pin supports digital counter

Read or set multiple pin digital counter configuration

GetAllPinConfiguration

SetAllPinConfiguration

Read pin configuration for all pins with digital counter options Set pin configuration for all pins with digital counter options

Read or set digital counters values

GetDigitalCountersValues

Reads current values of digital counters

ResetDigitalCounters

Resets values of digital counters

COM_Execute command

COM_ExecuteInner with the following parameters:

- GetDigitalCounterValues

- GetPinConfiguration

- SetPinConfiguration

8.3. Digital counters (only on PoKeys56 devices)

Selected pins of the PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E can be setup to count the number of signal transitions on those pins. Pin digital counter can be setup to be incremented/decremented on rising, falling or rising and falling edges of the input signal. If needed, additional pin can be selected to toggle between incrementing and decrementing mode.

For the list of pins that support digital counter option go to Device pin functions chapter of this manual.

If switches are used in the combination with digital counters, external debouncing circuit must be installed.

PoKeys configuration software usage

To setup digital counter inputs, first set the selected pin as ‘Digital input’ and if digital counter is available on the selected pin, the ‘Enable counter’ option will be enabled. Check this option and check ‘rising’ and/or ‘falling’ edge counting option.

To enable selection between incrementing or decrementing counter modes, a direction pin can be selected in the ‘Direction pin’ drop-down menu. If no pin is selected, the counter mode defaults to incrementing mode.

Digital counters values status page (menu ‘Peripherals > Digital counters values…’) can be used to

check the proper working of the configured digital counters.

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.4. Encoders

PoKeys devices can handle decoding of up to 26 (25 on PoKeys55) pairs of quadrature encoder signals. A and B signals of 25 'normal' encoders can be connected to any digital input and are intended for hand-driven rotational encoder switches with the quadrature signal frequencies up to 1 kHz.

Three fast encoders input pairs are available only on selected input pins (pins 1-2 as encoder 1, pins 3-4 as encoder 2, pins 15-16 as encoder 3 on PoKeys55 devices and pins 1-2 as encoder 1, pins 5-6 as encoder 2, pins 15-16 as encoder 3 on PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E devices) and can handle quadrature signal frequencies to about 100 kHz. When activated, fast encoders logically replace the 'normal' encoders 1, 2 and 3.

On PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E devices, ultra-fast encoder support is available on pins 8, 12 with the optional index signal input on pin 13. This can handle even higher frequencies (up to 5 MHz with digital filtering disabled). As ultra-fast encoders use hardware-specific functions, only x2 and x4 step multiplication factors are available.

Samilarly as simple digital inputs, encoders can be assigned to direct key mapping or keyboard macro (only with USB devices). This is possible for both directions (CW and CCW) separately.

If needed, encoder inputs can be incremented or decremented on every detected signal edge, increasing the resolution of the encoder for a factor of 4.

PoKeys configuration software usage

To enable encoder input on the selected pin, define the pin as digital input, select encoder index with numerical up-down selector and select appropriate encoder channel. The last step is to check the box ‘Encoder’.

If needed, encoder inputs can be incremented or decremented 4x faster, therefore each complete step will produce increment or decrement of 4 sub-steps. Using this setting, higher precision can be obtained.

To assign a key combination (only on USB devices) associated with the encoder, use the same procedure as described in the ‘Digital inputs and ouputs’ section. Each encoder is connected to PoKeys device with two signals and each of the pins that the encoder is connected to changes the keyboard mapping operation when encoder option is activated. Instead of being activated on each A and B signal front, keys are triggered on encoder value increment or decrement event. The key mapping settings however are setup on the pins that the encoder is connected to.

Enabling fast encoders

To enable fast encoders, go to menu 'Peripherals > Fast encoders settings’, then check ‘Enable fast encoders’ option. There are additional options for inverting the encoders’ directions, disabling 4x

step multiplication and enabling the index signal on pins 9, 11 and 27. If index signal input is enabled, encoder value is automatically reset on low to high index signal transition.

Fast encoders inputs are fixed to pins 1-2 for fast encoder input 1, pins 3-4 (PoKeys55) or pins 5-6 (PoKeys56U/E) for fast encoder input 2 and pins 15-16 for fast encoder input 3.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Enabling ultra-fast encoders

To enable ultra-fast encoders, go to menu 'Peripherals > Fast encoders settings’, then check ‘Enable ultra fast encoders’ option. There are additional options to enable 4x step multiplication (sampling)

and inverting the encoder direction. Digital filter sampling delay slider enables setting the digital filter delay parameter - leftmost position equates to no digital filtering, rightmost position equates to digital filtering with filter delay constant set to 1000 (sampling frequency reduced to less than 25 kHz).

Displaying encoder raw values

To open encoder raw values dialog, go to Peripherals menu and select ‘Encoder RAW values’. The

following dialog below appears. It simply shows the list of all encoders and their current values. In additional column, current encoder speed is displayed.

Status of the fast encoders is displayed in green, while the status of an ordinary encoder is displayed in light grey. Inactive encoders are displayed as dark grey boxes.

At the bottom of the window, there is a command button that can be used to reset the encoders’ values.

Figure 6: Encoders' RAW values

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read single encoder value

GetEncoderValue GetEncoderRAWValue

Read current encoder value Read encoder RAW value

Read or set single encoder configuration

GetEncoderSettings SetEncoderSettings

Read encoder settings Set encoder settings

Read or set single encoder keyboard mapping configuration

GetEncoderKeyMappingDirA

GetEncoderKeyMappingDirB

SetEncoderKeyMappingDirA SetEncoderKeyMappingDirB

Reads encoder mapping configuration for direction A Reads encoder mapping configuration for direction B Set encoder key mapping for direction A Set encoder key mapping for direction B

Read or set multiple encoders' values

GetEncoders1_13_RAWValue GetEncoders14_25_RAWValue GetEncoders14_26_RAWValue

Read RAW value for encoders 1 to 13 Read RAW value for encoders 14 to 25 Read RAW value for encoders 14 to 26 (with ultra fast encoder as 26)

SetEncoders1_13_RAWValue SetEncoders14_25_RAWValue

Write RAW value for encoders 1 to 13 Write RAW value for encoders 14 to 25

ResetEncoderValue

Reset encoder value to 0

Read or set multiple encoders' configurations

GetAllEncoderChannelPinMappings GetAllEncoderKeyMappingsDirA

GetAllEncoderKeyMappingsDirB

GetAllEncoderOptions

Get encoder pin mapping for all encoders Get encoder pin codes and modifiers for all encoders for direction A Get encoder pin codes and modifiers for all encoders for direction B Read encoder options for all encoders

SetAllEncoderOptions SetAllEncoderChannelPinMappings SetAllEncoderKeyMappingsDirA

SetAllEncoderKeyMappingsDirB

Set encoder options for all encoders Set encoder pin mapping for all encoders Set encoder pin codes and modifiers for all encoders for direction A Get encoder pin codes and modifiers for all encoders for direction B

Read or set fast encoders configuration

GetFastEncodersStatus GetFastEncodersStatusWOptions SetFastEncodersStatus SetFastEncodersStatusWOptions

Read fast encoder settings Read fast encoder settings and options Set fast encoder settings Set fast encoder settings

Read or set ultra-fast encoders configuration

GetUltraFastEncodersSettings SetUltraFastEncodersSettings

Get ultra fast encoder settings Set ultra fast encoder settings

COM_Execute command

COM_ExecuteInner with the following parameters:

- GetEncoderValues

- SetEncoderValues

- GetPeripheralConfiguration

- SetPeripheralConfiguration

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Figure 7: Standard 4x3 matrix keyboard

Figure 8: 4x4 matrix keyboard internal structure

8.5. Matrix keyboard

Matrix keyboard is a set of buttons, connected into a mesh. All buttons in a row share one contact, same goes for each of the buttons in the column. If a button is pressed, a key press is detected with a periodic scanning of each of the rows and columns. PoKeys devices use digital outputs for setting the voltage levels on rows and read column voltage levels using digital inputs that already have internal pull-up resistors, so no external circuitry is needed.

PoKeys devices support matrix keyboards of up to 16x8 in size, simpler 3x3, 4x3, 4x4 and others are of course fully supported.

Similarly to simple digital inputs, keys of the matrix keyboard connected to the PoKeys55/PoKeys56U device can be configured as USB keyboard keys. Direct mapping, mapping to macro sequence and triggered mapping are all supported. Additional alternate function can be used to assign two different keyboard keys to each of the matrix keyboard buttons. If additional (and freely selectable from the list of digital inputs) Fn+ input pin is inactive, the default function key is used. If the Fn+ key input pin is activated, an alternate function key is used instead of the default.

On all devices, the status of key presses of the matrix keyboard can be read using the PoKeys library commands without the need to setup the mapping described above.

PoKeys configuration software usage

Before any matrix keyboard configuration can be done, go to ‘Peripherals > Matrix keyboard…’, check the ‘Enable matrix keyboard’ option and select the number of rows and columns. Close the dialog

and continue by selecting column and row pins.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Figure 9: Assigning row and column pins

Matrix keyboard column selection

Each free digital input pin can be assigned as matrix keyboard column input. Make sure the selected

pin is configured as digital input, then check the ‘Matrix keyboard’ option for the pin and select the

appropriate column letter from the list.

Matrix keyboard row selection

Each free digital output pin can be assigned as matrix keyboard row output. Make sure the selected pin is configured as digital output, then check the ‘Matrix keyboard’ option for the pin and select the appropriate row number from the list.

Keyboard mapping configuration

For configuring the keyboard mapping, open the ‘Peripherals > Matrix keyboard…’ menu. Matrix keyboard is schematically drawn in the dialog below. On the right, key mapping settings can be selected (on PoKeys55/PoKeys56U devices). To setup mapping, click on one of the keys in the matrix keyboard drawing and select appropriate key mapping options on the right.

To test the matrix keyboard, first make sure that the settings have been saved to device (close the

Matrix keyboard dialog and click on ‘Send to device’ button). The matrix keyboard dialog can then be

used to test the matrix keyboard – just press any key on your matrix keyboard and the appropriate button in the matrix keyboard drawing will be highlighted.

To setup different key presses for ‘key press’ and ‘key release’ events, check ‘Triggered mapping’

option and select different settings for ‘Down key’ (‘key press’ event) and ‘Up key’ (‘key release’ event).

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Figure 10: Matrix keyboard configuration for a 4x3 matrix keyboard

Read matrix keyboard status

GetMatrixKeyboardKeyStatus

Read matrix keyboard status

Read or set basic matrix keyboard configuration

GetMatrixKeyboardConfiguration SetMatrixKeyboardConfiguration

Read matrix keyboard configuration Set matrix keyboard configuration

Read or set matrix configuration with alternate function support

GetMatrixKeyboardConfiguration_AlternateFunc tionSupport SetMatrixKeyboardConfiguration_AlternateFunc tionSupport

Read matrix keyboard configuration (for alternate functions mapping) Set matrix keyboard configuration (for alternate functions mapping)

Read or set matrix configuration with triggered mapping support

GetMatrixKeyboardConfiguration_TriggerSuppo rt SetMatrixKeyboardConfiguration_TriggerSuppo rt

Read matrix keyboard configuration (for triggered mapping) Set matrix keyboard configuration (for triggered mapping)

COM_Execute command

COM_ExecuteInner with the following

parameters:

- GetMatrixKeyboardConfiguration

- SetMatrixKeyboardConfiguration

- GetMatrixKeyboardKeysStatus

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PoKeys56U/PoKeys56E/PoKeys57E

PoKeys55

󰇛󰇜

󰇛

󰇜

󰇟󰇠

 

 

󰇛󰇜

󰇛

󰇜

󰇟󰇠



 

8.6. Analog inputs

Analog input function is only available for pins 43 to 47 (on PoKeys55 devices) or for pins 41 to 47 (on PoKeys56 devices). On PoKeys55 and PoKeys56U devices, these analog inputs can also be freely mapped to any of the 6 joystick axis; X, Y, Z, rotation X, rotation Y and throttle.

Analog inputs (10-bit on PoKeys55 and 12-bit pn PoKeys56U/PoKeys56E/PoKeys57E) are sampled at a fixed rate of 10 kHz and fed through adjustable discrete low-pass filter with the following equation

󰇛󰇜 󰇛  󰇜

where y(k) is the output analog value, u(k) is a new A/D sample and filter is a user-adjustable constant. Sample u(k) is produced according to the following equation

where U(k) (in Volts) is a voltage present on the selected analog input pin.

PoKeys configuration software usage

To open analog inputs dialog, go to Peripherals menu and select ‘Analog inputs and outputs’. Dialog

below appears. To enable display of analog input channel, check the appropriate check box. It is enabled only when the input is set up as analog input.

The progress bar displays the current voltage at the pin with the maximum at 3.3V. Below the input selection boxes user can set low-pass filtering for analog inputs. When analog input signal appears to be flickering or jumping due to analog signal noise, move the value for the filter to the right towards label ‘slow signals’ and then press Set button.



  

 󰇛󰇜



  

If pin 43 is set as analog output (only on PoKeys55 devices), analog value can be set for this pin.

Figure 11: Analog inputs and outputs dialog

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read single analog input value

GetAnalogInput

Read analog input value

Read or set single pin function

GetPinData SetPinData

Reads pin function Set pin function

Read all analog inputs

GetAllAnalogInputs

Read all analog inputs in one command

Read analog input maximum value

GetAnalogValueMax

Returns the maximum value of analog input

Read or set analog low-pass filter parameter

GetAnalogRCFilterValue SetAnalogRCFilterValue

Read low-pass filter parameter Set low-pass filter parameter

COM_Execute command

COM_ExecuteInner with the following parameters:

- GetAnalogPinValues

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.7. Joystick mapping

Each axis of the PoKeys virtual joystick can be assigned an analog input source. In addition, analog to digital mapping option can be enabled, which allows user to connect an analog joystick to a PoKeys devices and simulate key presses for each direction of the joystick. User can freely select dead band and saturation ranges.

Besides mapping the analog inputs to virtual joystick axes, digital inputs (or encoder switching events) can be mapped to any of the 32 virtual joystick buttons (either directly or ‘triggered’) or 4way POV hat selector. The triggered mapping to joystick buttons enables used to select different pins that triggers selected joystick button on off-to-on transition (Down Event) and on on-to-off transition (Up Event).

PoKeys configuration software usage

Joystick axis and buttons mapping can be setup via Joystick mapping dialog. Go to ‘Peripherals’ and select ‘Joystick settings…’. The dialog on Figure 12 appears.

Each axis can be assigned an analog input. In addition, analog to digital mapping option can be enabled. This allows user to connect an analog joystick to a PoKeys devices and simulate key presses

for each direction of the joystick. To do so, first check ‘Map to key’ option. Then set the dead band

(when input value will be between lower and upper dead band margins, no keys will be activated) using sliders. In the lower part of the window, select the mapping options.

For simple direct mapping (pin input status is directly reflected in joystick button status) use the

‘Direct mapping’ option and select pin number to be associated with selected joystick button. If more

advanced behavior is needed (joystick button is pressed for a short time only on transitions of pin

status), user should select ‘Triggered mapping’ option to select one pin that triggers selected joystick

button on off-to-on transition (Down Event) and one pin that triggers this joystick button on on-tooff transition (Up Event).

If joystick button mapping is to be used in connection with encoder inputs, use ‘Triggered mapping’ option (encoder’s values cannot be directly translated into direct mapping) and select a pin with the

appropriate encoder channel. For example: pins 5 and 6 are set up as digital inputs with encoder (channel A on pin 5 and channel B on pin 6). When pin 5 is selected as Down event pin for joystick Button 2 and pin 6 is selected as Down event pin for joystick Button 3, rotating the encoder in positive direction will trigger joystick Button 2 on each detent. Similarly, rotating the encoder in negative direction, joystick Button 3 will be triggered on each detent. Up Event pin option cannot be used in connection with encoders.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or set joystick axes and buttons mapping

GetJoystickMapping SetJoystickMapping

Read joystick mapping options Set joystick mapping options

Read or set joystick triggered mapping

GetJoystickTriggeredMapping SetJoystickTriggeredMapping

Read joystick triggered mapping options Set joystick triggered mapping options

Read or set analog to digital mapping

GetJoystickDigitalMapping SetJoystickDigitalMapping

Read joystick analog to digital mapping configuration Set joystick analog to digital mapping configuration

Figure 12: Joystick mapping settings

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.8. PWM outputs

PoKeys55, PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E devices support PWM output function on 6 pins (pins 17 to 22). Different duty cycles can be assigned to each PWM output however, all outputs share the same PWM period. PWM outputs can be easily amplified using an external transistor and used for control of loads with increased current demand. PoKeys PWM outputs can also be used to drive various R/C servo motors that accept PWM signal with 50 Hz frequency (20 ms PWM period) and duty cycles between 5 and 10 % (1 to 2 ms).

PoKeys devices have an in-built PWM module that operates at a fixed clock frequency (12 MHz in PoKeys55 devices and 25 MHz in PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E devices). Both the PWM period and the PWM duty cycles must be expressed as number of module clock cycles (i.e. 20 ms PWM period equates to 0.020 x 25 000 000 = 500 000 on PoKeys56U/E devices).

Figure 13: PWM output

PoKeys configuration software usage

PoKeys device’s PWM (pulse width modulation) module can be setup via Peripherals > PWM outputs….

Figure 14: PWM outputs settings

In this window, user can enter PWM period and set PWM duties for each channel. Channels can be independently enabled or disabled. After a change is made, user must click 'Set values' button or

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or set PWM outputs configuration

SetPWMOutputs GetPWMOutputs

Set PWM period and duty cycles Get PWM period and duty cycles

Read PWM module frequency

GetPWMFrequency

Read the PWM module base frequency

COM_Execute command

COM_ExecuteInner with the following parameters:

- SetPWMOutputs

check 'Send to device on change' checkbox. Left position of a slider means 0% and right position 100% respectively.

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Function

Matrix LED display 1

Matrix LED display 2

data

latch

clock

74HCT595D

8.9. Matrix LED output

PoKeys devices support 2 additional external 8x8 LED matrix displays. Each display is based on 2 8-bit shift registers, one controlling the row and the other controlling the column signals. PoKeys refreshes the display at the rate of 2800 rows per second (which gives around 350 Hz refresh rate of the whole 8x8 display).

Once enabled, PoKeys device assigns pins 9, 10 and 11 to be used with display 1, and pins 23, 24, 25 to be used with display 2.

Table 1: Matrix LED displays pin assignments

Figure 15: Matrix LED display deserialization circuit

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or set matrix LED settings

MatrixLEDGetSettings MatrixLEDSetSettings

Get matrix LED settings Set matrix LED settings

Matrix LED commands

MatrixLED1ClearAll MatrixLED1SetPixel MatrixLED1Update MatrixLED2ClearAll MatrixLED2SetPixel MatrixLED2Update

Clear matrix LED 1 Set pixel on matrix LED 1 Matrix LED 1 update Clear matrix LED 2 Set pixel on matrix LED 2 Matrix LED 2 update

COM_Execute command

COM_ExecuteInner with the following parameters:

- SetMatrixLEDconf

- SetMatrixLEDstat

PoKeys configuration software usage

To set-up matrix LED displays, open 'Peripherals > LED displays…'. The following dialog appears

Figure 16: Matrix LED setup dialog

For each of the displays, number of rows and columns can be selected. On the bottom, after enabling 'Live test display x', user can test the displays in real-time by clicking on gray rectangles. Left-click turn-s selected pixel on, while right-click resets selected pixel.

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Symbol

Function

PoKeys pin

Vss

Ground

GND

Vdd

Positive supply (usually 5V)2

5V (usually) or 3.3V

Contrast adjustment

Variable resistor between GND and supply or PWM output

Instruction/data input

Pin 29

R/W

Read/write

Pin 28

6 E Enable signal

Pin 30

DB0

Data bus – bit 0

Not connected

DB1

Data bus – bit 1

Not connected

DB2

Data bus – bit 2

Not connected

DB3

Data bus – bit 3

Not connected

DB4

Data bus – bit 4

Pin 26 (or secondary 34)

DB5

Data bus – bit 5

Pin 25 (or secondary 33)

DB6

Data bus – bit 6

Pin 24 (or secondary 32)

DB7

Data bus – bit 7

Pin 23 (or secondary 31)

Backlight (optional)

8.10. LCD

PoKeys devices support connecting one alphanumeric LCD module up to a size of 4x20 (4 rows, 20 columns). The selection of the module is limited by support for HD44780 or compatible chipset. Usually these displays come in various sizes - 1/2/4 line with 8/16/20 characters and colors (black letters on green background, white letters on blue background ...).

Figure 17: Typical 2x16 character LCD

These displays share standard pin-out that is listed in the table below:

Table 2: LCD pin assignments

LCD display can be used to display various data. A third-party application or a script can execute all supported operations, including LCD initializing, clearing, moving cursor, setting display shifting mode, custom character defining and displaying text.

Positive supply voltage depends on LCD used. User should find this information in datasheet of the LCD in use.

On PoKeys56E take special care that the power supply voltage for the LCD is adequate (there is 0.8 V of voltage drop between power supply input and 5V pin).

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E devices by default function in buffered LCD mode. In this mode, any LCD-related command that is sent to PoKeys device is first buffered and when possible, PoKeys device executes the LCD refresh on its own. In this mode, some LCD operations are not operational – cursor movement is controlled by the PoKeys device and cursor move or display commands may not work as expected. If this low-level control is desirable, buffered mode must be deactivated first. In other cases, it is advisable to use buffered mode in order to allow better load balancing in PoKeys devices and in the end attain greater communication speed.

Before LCD initialization, the LCD module size (number of rows and columns) must be specified and appropriate pin assignment (primary or secondary, see the table above) must be selected. Secondary pins must be selected in case of matrix LED display 2 in use.

PoKeys configuration software usage

Functions of this interface can be tested through PoKeys settings application. Just open Peripherals > Test LCD… and dialog below will appear.

Figure 18: Character LCD testing dialog

LCD settings

In this part, user can set number of rows and columns in the LCD used. Support for LCD can be enabled or disabled also. Data pins for LCD can be selected on primary (23 to 26) or secondary (31 to

34) pins. Secondary pins must be selected in case of matrix LED display 2 is in use.

LCD operations

Before user can start using the LCD, LCD module must be initialized. This is done via 'Initialize LCD' button. Button 'Clear LCD' clears LCD display and moves cursor to home position.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or set LCD module configuration

LCDGetSettings LCDSetSettings

Read LCD module settings Set LCD module settings

LCD operations

LCDInit LCDClear LCDSetEntryMode LCDDisplayOnOffControl LCDSetMode LCDGotoXY

Initialize LCD display Clear LCD display Set entry mode for LCD Set LCD display on/off status Set LCD display mode Move cursor to a specified position in the display

Display text on LCD

LCDPrint LCDPutc

Print a string on the LCD display Put a single character on LCD display

LCDDefineCustomCharacter

Define a custom character in the LCD display memory

COM_Execute command

COM_ExecuteInner with the following

parameters:

- LCD

User can also set entry mode settings of LCD module. Cursor can be set-up to move either right (normally) or left after each character displayed. If 'Display' shift is enabled, whole display shifts with every new character displayed.

Settings are processed after user clicks button 'Set Entry mode' and work only in ‘unbuffered’ mode

described above.

Display on/off settings

User can set on/off switches for whole display, cursor and cursor blinking.

Settings are processed after user clicks button 'Set LCD on/off' work only in ‘unbuffered’ mode

described above.

Custom characters

Simple interface enables to draw up to 8 custom characters. These characters can then be used on display. Selecting 'Live edit' mode will transfer the character each time a change is made to any of the pixels. Character can be previewed via button 'Print', which puts current custom character on the LCD display.

Move cursor

This section enabled user to move cursor to any position on the screen works only in ‘unbuffered’ mode described above.

Print text

Sends entered text to display module. If advanced characters are needed, enter character code in lower text box and press 'Print character'.

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Pin 1

Power supply 5V

Pin 2

Ground

Pin 3

Data

Pin 4

Latch

Pin 5

Clock

Function

ExtBus – PoKeys pin

Clock

Data

Latch

8.11. PoExtBus

PoExtBus bus support enables user to add additional 10 8-bit shift registers to the project based on PoKeys device. This gives additional 80 digital outputs that can be easily controlled with included dll interface or other 3rd party interface for PoKeys device.

On PoKeys55, device assigns pins 35, 36 and 37 to be used with PoExtBus. On PoKeys56 series, there is a dedicated connector on the board, which serves for the PoExtBus functions. Marking the pin closer to the bottom of the board (the oposite side of either Ethernet or USB connector) as pin 1, the PoExtBus devices should be connected as follows:

If PoExtBus functionality is moved to PoKeys pins 35, 36, 37, the following table shows the proper connections.

Table 3: PoExtBus pin assignments

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Figure 19: PoExtBus deserialization circuit

PoKeys configuration software usage

To set-up and test PoExtBus, open 'Peripherals' > PoExtBus...'. The dialog below (Figure 20) appears. By using mouse left and right clicks, user can turn on or off each of the outputs.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Read or set PoExtBus configuration and status

AuxilaryBusGetData AuxilaryBusSetData

Read PoExtBus configuration Set PoExtBus configuration and data

Figure 20: PoExtBus setup dialog

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoExtBus connector type

- Female wire-side connector: Molex 22-01-2055

- Cable contacts: 08-50-0032 (5 pcs needed)

- Prepared cables: 88941-0700 (5 pcs needed)

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.12. PoNET

PoKeys56 devices support PoNET devices that extend PoKeys56 functionality. Multiple PoNET and PoExtBus devices can be linked together. While the PoNET devices and PoExtBus devices share the same ExtBus connector, found on PoKeys56 boards, user should pay attention in connecting devices of both types together (see the schematics below).

All PoNET devices must be connected in parallel to each other and directly to the PoKeys56 board, while the PoExtBus devices should be connected in series after the PoNET devices.

Adding new devices

After connecting new PoNET device, go to ‘Peripherals > PoNET...’. The following dialog will appear

Figure 21: PoNET settings dialog with an unconfigured device

In order to register new device, double click on the 'Unconfigured device' icon. In the next 10 seconds press any key on the device that is about to be added. If the process is successful, status LED on the device will stop blinking and will be constantly lit. The device will also be listed as in the dialog below:

Figure 22: PoNET settings dialog with a successfully configured device

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PoNET kb48CNC keyboard

The device can be virually mapped to PoKeys matrix keyboard. Third party software can set the status of LEDs under the keys, read the light sensor that measure the amount of light in the environment and set the intensity of the LEDs.

To map the PoNET keyboard to PoKeys matrix keyboard, initialize the PoNET bus as described above in 'Adding new devices', select the keyboard in the device list and check the checkbox 'Enable mapping to matrix keyboard'.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PoKeys56

PoNET

PoExtBus

PoKeys56

PoNET device

PoExtBus

PoNET/PoExtBus connection example

Pay attention to the following:

- PoNET device can be connected only to PoKeys56 board or other PoNET device

- PoExtBus device can be connected to either PoKeys board, PoNET or PoExtBus

device.

- There should be not PoExtBus device connected between any PoNET devices and

PoKeys board

- There could be only one PoExtBus device connected besides other PoNET devices

device

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Device discovery and initialization commands

PoNET_AddDeviceStart PoNET_AddDeviceStatus PoNET_AddDeviceStop PoNET_CheckForNewDevices PoNET_ReinitializePoNET_noClear

PoNET_ReinitializePoNET_wClear

Starts 'Register device' procedure Retrieves the status of 'Register device' procedure Stops the 'Register device' procedure Checks for new devices Unregisters all PoExtBus Pro devices (but keeps the configuration) Unregisters all PoExtBus Pro devices and clears the configuration

Read internal state of the PoI2C engine in PoKeys

PoNET_GetState

Function returns the internal PoI2C state of the PoKeys device. Look in the protocol specification document under PoI2C settings and communication

Read or write to selected PoNET device

PoNET_GetFWversion PoNET_GetLightIntensity PoNET_GetModuleSettings PoNET_GetModuleStatus

Reads firmware version Reads light intensity using light sensor Retrieves module settings Reads data from the module

PoNET_SetModuleSettings PoNET_SetModuleStatus PoNET_SetPWM

Sets the module options Writes data to module Sets PWM duty cycle for LED intensity

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Peripheral

Failsafe setting

Digital outputs

Active Off / Active On

PoExtBus outputs

Active Off / Active On

PWM outputs

Fixed duty cycle in %

Pulse engine

No setting – Pulse engine enters emergency mode on failsafe activation

Failsafe configuration

N/A

8.13. Failsafe settings

PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E devices support the configuration of the failsafe state for the digital outputs, PWM outputs, PoExtBus devices and PoKeys Pulse engine.

When the communication with the device is interrupted for longer than a period defined in the failsafe configuration, peripherals listed above enter the failsafe mode, which can be setup in ‘Failsafe settings’ dialog (Peripherals > Failsafe settings…)

Applicable PoKeys library commands

Figure 23: Failsafe settings dialog

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Pin 1

Power supply 5V

Pin 2

Ground

Pin 3

Serial data

Pin 4

Pin 5

Serial clock

I2C bus commands

I2CStartBusScan I2CReadBusScanResults

Initiates I2C bus scan for devices Reads results of I2C bus scan

I2CStartRead I2CGetReadStatus

Initiates read from I2C device Read status of reading from I2C bus and retrieve data is

8.14. I

The I2C bus was designed by Philips in the early '80s to allow easy communication between components which reside on the same circuit board. Philips Semiconductors migrated to NXP in

2006. The name I2C translates into "Inter IC". Sometimes the bus is called IIC or I²C bus.

PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E devices support communication with I2C slave devices, connected to the PoExtBus connector. As I2C, PoNET and PoExtBus use the same connector, PoExtBus, PoNET and I2C functions are automatically switched by the PoKeys device.

However, in case of problems with noise caused by the I2C or PoNET devices communication, PoExtBus functionality can be moved to pins 35, 36, 37 as with PoKeys55 devices).

Marking the pin closer to the bottom of the board (the oposite side of either Ethernet or USB connector) as pin 1, the I2C devices should be connected as follows:

C protocol

Protocol can be tested via PoKeys configuration software. Click on Peripherals > I2C bus test... The following dialog appears.

Figure 24: I2C protocol test dialog

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

successfull

I2CStartWrite I2CGetWriteStatus

Writes data to I2C bus Read status of writing to I2C bus

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

1-wire device configuration and status commands

prot1WireSetStatus prot1WireGetStatus

Activate or deactivate 1-wire bus support on pin 55 Retrieves 1-Wire bus activation status

prot1WireStartWriteAndRead prot1WireGetReadStatus

Initiates write and read process to/from 1-wire device Read status of write and read command and retrieve data if command was executed

8.15. 1-wire

1-Wire is a device communications bus system designed by Dallas Semiconductor Corp. that provides low-speed data, signaling, and power over a single signal. 1-Wire is similar in concept to I²C, but with lower data rates and longer range. It is typically used to communicate with small inexpensive devices such as digital thermometers and weather instruments.

PoKeys56E/57E devices support communication with 1-Wire slave devices (without parasitic power supply), connected to the pin 55 with external pull-up resistor (of approximately 5 kΩ). In PoKeys57 series devices, pin for 1-wire communication can be changed.

Protocol can be tested via PoKeys configuration software. Click on Peripherals > 1-Wire bus test... The following dialog appears.

The DS18B20 test is deprecated in PoKeys57 series devices. Use EasySensors instead.

Figure 25: 1-Wire protocol test dialog

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.16. Sensors

Note: This feature was superseded with EasySensors in PoKeys57 series devices. The content below is related to PoKeys56 series devices

In order to automate the procedure of starting the measurements and reading the results, PoKeys supports up to 10 sensors on I2C bus, up to 10 1-wire sensors and up to 7 analog sensors. The configuration dialog is available through the menu Peripherals>Sensors.

I2C sensors

To setup a I2C sensor, click on an empty ('Inactive') entry in the list, select the sensor's address (the address can be displayed by clicking the 'Scan for devices' command button. A list of addresses of all active I2C devices will be displayed), sensor type and the refresh period. Click Save. Sensor is activated by Sending the configuration to device from the main PoKeys configuration application window. The following list of sensors is supported:

- LM75 temperature sensor for the temperature range -55 °C to +125 °C with the resolution of

0.5 °C. The sensor has configurable address and up to 8 sensors can be connected.

- SHT21 temperature and humidity sensor for the temperature range -40 °C to +125 °C with

the resolution of 0.01 °C and air relative humidity in range 0 to 100 %. Due to specifics of the

PoKeys sensor list entries, this sensor is represented as temperature sensor and as relative humidity sensor separately. Two entries are needed to read both air temperature and humidity.

- MCP3425 A/D converter with selectable gain

- MMA7660 3-axis accelerometer

- BH1750 light sensor

Figure 26: Configuration of I2C sensors

Scanning for I2C sensors

I2C sensors are accessed by a unique 7-bit address on the I2C bus. PoKeys supports checking (scanning) all I2C bus addresses for present devices. To start the scan, click on the ‘Scan for devices’

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

button. The operation may take a few seconds to execute and a list of detected I2C device addresses is displayed. As some of the devices support I2C address reconfiguration using dedicated pins and I2C addresses are not unique for each device type, the device list displays only the most possible sensors at each detected address.

When option ‘Auto add new’ is checked, detected devices that are recognized by the I2C bus address,

are automatically added to the sensors list.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

1-wire sensors

To setup a 1-wire sensor, click on an empty ('Inactive') entry in the list, enter the sensor's 64-bit ID sequence and select the refresh period. If there is only one 1-wire sensor present on the 1-wire bus, the ID sequence can be read by clicking on the 'Read curent' command button. Multiple sensors can be setup this way – one sensor at a time. When all sensors are then connected to the bus, the PoKeys will identify each with the help of ID sequence. The following list of 1-wire sensors is supported:

- DS18B20 temperature sensor for the temperature range of -55 °C to +125 °C with the

resolution of 0.0625 °C. As each sensor has its own unique sequence ID, up to 10 sensors can

be connected to PoKeys.

- DS18S20 temperature sensor

Figure 27: Configuration of 1-wire sensors

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Analog sensors

In addition to I2C and 1-wire sensors, PoKeys supports also analog sensors that are connected to analog voltage inputs on the PoKeys board. For each analog sensor, a 2-parameter linear transformation is supported. The following formula is used:



  









 



Where  is a measurement of the analog-to-digital converter (a value between 0 and 4095), 

is gain (32-bit integer number) and 



is result offset (32-bit integer number). The value of



 is a integer number that gets divised by 100 for the display (the temperature of 15.58 °C is represented by   . A gain of 330 therefore gives the true voltage on the analog input pin.

Example: the analog temperature sensor outputs the voltage with the following characteristics: 10

mV per °C and 500 mV offset at 0 °C. Gain 

of 330 will make the value u equal to the measured



voltage. Since 1 °C step is equal to 10 mV step in voltage, this gain should be multiplied by a factor of 100, resulting in the gain of 33000. 500 mV offset equals to 50 °C offset, 50 should therefore be

multiplied by 100 and get 5000. The final values for gain and offset are therefore 33000 and -5000.

Figure 28: Configuration of analog sensors

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Sensor configuration

GetSensorSetup SetSensorSetup

Retrieve the sensor setup and current sensor value Send the sensor setup to device

Read sensors (PoTLog27 specific commands)

GetAllSensorIDs

GetAllSensorValues GetAllSensorValuesString

PoTLog27 command to retrieve 64-bit IDs of all connected sensors PoTLog27 command to retrieve the values of all sensors PoTLog27 command to retrieve the values of all sensors in one string

Figure 29: Thermal image of a temperature sensor being connected directly to a circuit board. The thermal conductivity

of the sensor's leads causes the sensor to register higher temperature than the ambient real temperature. Use properly

longer connections between sensor and sensor host board for the accurate readings

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.17. EasySensors

PoKeys57 series devices implement a feature called EasySensors. It is an improvement of the original support for various sensors in PoKeys56 series devices. EasySensors feature allows the user to setup up to 100 sensors on various communication buses (including I2C, 1-wire, DHTxx 1-wire and analog inputs). The feature is accessible in Peripherals > EasySensors menu.

EasySensors configuration dialog

The main EasySensors configuration dialog contains a list of all configured sensors with corresponding sensor information. Here, the sensory type, reading and refresh rate can be changed.

Figure 30: EasySensors configuration dialog

The changed sensor entries are marked with red color - in order for the changes to take effect, click

on ‘Send to device’ button, which transfers the EasySensors configuration to device (note that this action does not save the settings to device’s non-volatile memory and ‘Send to device’ on main

PoKeys configuration window must be clicked to do that).

There are 4 types of sensors supported and each type of sensor can be added by clicking a corresponding button at the bottom of the dialog.

Scan for I2C sensors

This command opens the ‘Add I2C sensor’ dialog, which is automatically populated with detected I2C

devices and sensor type suggestions. Sensor type, reading and refresh rate can be changed using the selections on the right part of the diagram. In order to add the configuration of I2C sensor, check the corresponding item in the detected I2C devices list and click on ‘Finish.

Figure 31: Scanning for I2C sensors

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Scan for 1-wire sensors

The command opens the ‘Add 1-Wire sensor’ dialog that allows the user to select PoKeys pin, where the 1-Wire bus is connected to. By clicking ‘Scan’, PoKeys device scans the 1-Wire bus for devices. The EasySensors 1-wire bus implementation can detect multiple 1-Wire devices on the bus at once and thus simplifying the configuration process.

The list of available devices is then shown in the ‘Detected devices’ list (if ‘Hide configured devices’

option is selected, already configured 1-Wire devices are not displayed in the list). On the right side, reading type and refresh rate of the selected sensor can be configured.

To add the sensor to the EasySensors list, check the checkbox of the sensor in the list and click ‘Finish’.

Figure 32: Scanning for I2C sensors

Add DHTxx 1-Wire sensor

Three types of DHTxx 1-Wire sensors are supported by PoKeys device (sensors differ in temperature and humidity resolution and accuracy). Any of the available PoKeys pins can be selected as DHTxx 1Wire bus, but only one sensor can be connected per pin.

Figure 33: Adding the DHTxx 1-Wire sensor

Add analog sensor

EasySensors feature supports reading of simple analog sensors connected to PoKeys analog inputs. A linear transformation is applied to analog input reading to produce the sensor value. There are two possible ways to set up the sensor

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

a) Using gain and offset: specify the gain and offset characteristics of the sensor. The gain

specifies the number of sensor units per 1 V of analog voltage, while the offset specifies the sensor value of analog voltage input of zero.

Figure 34: Analog sensor setup with gain / offset option

b) Using two point mapping: in this mode, two sensor values with corresponding analog voltage

must be entered into the fields provided. Gain and offset of the sensor are automatically calculated.

Figure 35: Analog sensor setup with mapping

Analog sensors use the following formula to convert the analog input voltage into sensor reading



  









 



where  is a measurement of the analog-to-digital converter (a value between 0 and 4095), 

is gain (32-bit integer number) and 



is result offset (32-bit integer number). The value of



 is a integer number that gets divised by 100 for the display (the temperature of 15.58 °C is

represented by   . A gain of 330 therefore gives the true voltage on the analog input pin. The analog sensor dialog shows the gain and offset settings in the bottom left corner of the dialog and should not be confused with Gain and Offset setup parameters.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

List of supported sensors

- LM75 (Maxim, TI, NXP) temperature sensor for the temperature range -55 °C to +125 °C with

the resolution of 0.5 °C. The sensor has configurable address and up to 8 sensors can be

connected.

- SHT21 (Sensirion) temperature and humidity sensor for the temperature range -40 °C to

+125 °C with the resolution of 0.01 °C and air relative humidity in range 0 to 100 %.

- Si7020 (SiLabs) air temperature and relative humidity sensor

- Si1141 (SiLabs) IR and visible light intensity and reflection

- MCP3425 (Microchip) A/D converter with selectable gain

- MCP9600 (Microchip) thermocouple to temperature converter

- iAQ-Core C (AMS) indoor air quality module, measures VOC (volatile organic compound) and

CO2 levels

- MMA7660 (NXP) 3-axis accelerometer

- LIS2DH12 (ST) 3-axis accelerometer

- BH1750 (Rohm) light sensor

- BME280 (Bosch) air temperature, relative humidity and absolute pressure

- ADS1115 (TI) 16-bit 4-channel A/D converter with selectable gain (up to 16x)

- DS18B20 (Maxim) temperature sensor for the temperature range of -55 °C to +125 °C with

the resolution of 0.0625 °C. As each sensor has its own unique sequence ID, up to 10 sensors

can be connected to PoKeys.

- DS18S20 (Maxim) temperature sensor

- DS2413 (Maxim) GPIO inputs

- DHT11, DHT21 and DHT22 (AM2302) temperature and humidity sensors

Figure 36: Thermal image of a temperature sensor being connected directly to a circuit board. The thermal conductivity

of the sensor's leads causes the sensor to register higher temperature than the ambient real temperature. Use properly

longer connections between sensor and sensor host board for the accurate readings

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.18. USB interface configuration

Note: some configuration options may be limited to PoKeys57 series

The operation of the USB PoKeys devices can be adjusted in the Device > USB interface', as shown on the figure below.

Figure 37: Accessing USB interface options

By adjusting these options, the user is given the possibility to configure how device reacts on the system start, change the communication interval and configure which interfaces are visible to the system. In some situations, omitting the unused interfaces can result in achieving better performance of the device due to lower load to the system drivers.

Start options

USB PoKeys devices can be configured to either report the support for boot operation or not. Some PC BIOS versions have problems configuring non-simple (plain keyboard and mouse) devices and may halt the boot sequence if such device is present. By omitting the PC boot support, this is usually overcome.

If this however does not fix the problems during the boot sequence, delayed start option give the possibility to delay the PoKeys device registration on USB for the predetermined delay, which will result in BIOS not detecting the device and continuing the boot sequence. Adjust the value according to your system in this case.

Communication interval

By default, PoKeys USB devices use 1 millisecond communication interval for the communication interface. If for any reason slower communication is required, it can be adjusted using the

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Communication interval settings dialog. Communication intervals between 1 millisecond and 20 milliseconds can be configured.

Enabling/disabling the interfaces

Each USB PoKeys device uses 4 USB interfaces (i.e. USB devices) and thus appears as 'USB Composite Device' in the Device manager. If not needed, some (or all) interfaces can be disabled.

Note: if all communication interfaces are disabled, configuration of the device will no longer be possible. In that case, follow the instructions in the section 'Restoring factory defaults' to restore the device's functionality.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.19. PoKeys56E and PoKeys57E

PoKeys56E/57E is a network type of PoKeys device. The device can be connected to Ethernet 10/100 network with standard RJ-45 cable.

By default, the device is set to use the DHCP functionality of the network router. User can later turn on or off the DHCP support. If DHCP is not needed/wanted, fixed IP address can be defined for the device. To set the network settings of the device, go to Device menu and click Network device settings...

Figure 38: Device network settings

The device communicates using TCP and UDP port of 20055. Please ensure the firewall settings allow communication with this port. Also, please make sure that your network card (which you have connected PoKeys56E/57E to) has an IP address assigned with the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 (check it in IPv4 settings in your system).

By default, PoKeys56E/57E device is configured to close the connection with the host after 3 seconds of inactivity. This connection timeout value can be set in the dialog, shown in Figure 38.

Connecting to PoKeys56E/57E device for the first time

1. Connect PoKeys56E/57E with your Ethernet network using the RJ-45 cable

2. Connect power supply for PoKeys56E/57E board a. If your network uses DHCP to assign IP addresses to each device, PoKeys56E/57E will

be assigned a new IP address automatically

b. If your network uses fixed IP addresses, PoKeys56E/57E device will wait for discovery

packet from the PoKeys configuration software (during this time, LED will blink). In this process, temporary IP address from the same subnet will be assigned to PoKeys56E/57E board.

3. Open PoKeys configuration software and wait for devices to be detected

4. If different network configuration is needed, select device and click on Configure button to

select new settings.

5. Click on Connect button to connect to PoKeys56E/57E device and start configuring

Device discovery

If device IP address is set as fixed, use can connect directly to PoKeys56E/57E device. Otherwise, UDP discovery packet should be send as UDP broadcast packet (for details, please see the protocol

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

DHCP:

enabled

Port:

20055

Security:

Full access

specification document). All PoKeys56E/57E devices that receive this packet, respond with their current IP address and serial number.

Default settings

After receiveing the UDP discovery packet and if the DHCP server is not available, PoKeys56E/57E will use the temporary address of x.x.x.250, where x.x.x is the subnet address (with 255.255.255.0 subnet mask). This enables user to reconfigure the device with the proper IP address. To do this, click on the Configure button.

Connecting to device in other network

When the device is not detected automatically (either there is a firewall blocking the UDP broadcast messages or the device is not in the same network as a computer), custom IP address of the device can be entered by clicking on the 'Network settings... ' button. The following dialog appears.

Figure 39: Additional network settings

IP address of the device can be entered in the text box on the right and added to the list by clicking the button 'Add'. The list of additional devices is saved on application exit.

Security

Due to exposed nature of a network device, an authentication mechanism was implemented in PoKeys56E/57E that allows three levels of access rights:

- Full access (default): the device is fully accessible from the network

- Read-only access: unauthorized users are allowed only to fetch data from the device, while

an authenticated users can acccess all functions of the device

- Full lock: unauthorised users can not neither read or write to the device. A user password is

required to unlock access.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PoKeys56E/57E user authorization commands

AuthorizeUser

GetSecurityStatus

Authorizes user on the device - changes the security level to the specified value Reads the current security status of network device

The security is set up in PoKeys configuration software – on the Device menu, click Set device security... The password can contain any character and can be up to 32 characters long.

Figure 40: Device security settings window

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Web interface

PoKeys56E/57E devices can be monitored through the simple web interface (that is already enabled by default). The interface can be disabled or configured in dialog accessible via menu Device->Web interface configuration. The following dialog appears

Figure 41: Web interface settings – general settings

The dialog presents the following options on the 'General settings' tab:

- Disable web interface: check this field to disable web interface.

- Allow anonymous access to dashboard and I/O status: if this field is checked, users can

access web interface directly without entering user name and password.

- Allow toggling outputs via web interface: if this field is checked, users can toggle the pins that

are setup as outputs. If this field is unchecked, users are only presented with the status of each pin.

Figure 42: Web interface settings – web users setup

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Figure 43: Web interface settings – dashboard items

Item data source

Supported display types

Digital input

Digital input status

Digital output

Digital output status Digital output status with buttons

Sensor

Value in V Value in V and bar graph Value in mA Value in mA and bar graph Value in A Value in A and bar graph Temperature in degrees C Temperature in degrees C and bar graph Relative humidity in % Relative humidity in % and bar graph

On the 'Web users' tab, usernames and passwords can be configured for up to 4 users (first user is fixed and named 'Admin' with the factory set password 'root0'). Usernames (except for Admin) and passwords can be up to 8 (ASCII) characters long.

This page of Web interface settings is used to defined which items will be displayed on the Dashboard page of web interface (see below). PoKeys supports up to 16 items on dashboard screen. Each item displays the status of one sensor, one input or one output.

To set up a new dashboard item, select a 'Inactive or unknown type' entry in dashboard list and press 'Set source' command button. In a list that appears, select either 'Digital input', 'Digital output' or 'Sensor'. For the digital inputs and outputs, a dialog for entering pin number will appear, while for the sensors, a sensor selection dialog will appear. After selecting either digital input/output or sensor source, additional options will be available. For each item in the list, a 8 character item caption can be assigned. Available display types depend on the selected item data source (see Table 4 for details). For display types that include a progress bar, additional min and max value for the progress bar can be specified.

Table 4: Display types for different item data sources

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Web interface configuration commands

GetWebSettings

SetWebSettings

Retrieve web interface settings (enable/disable interface, anonymous access, outputs enable) from the device Send web interface settings (enable/disable interface, anonymous access, outputs enable) to device

GetWebUserData

SetWebUserData

Retrieve user name and password for the selected web user account Send user name and password for the selected web user account

GetDashboardItem SetDashboardItem

Retrieve the dashboard item setup Send the dashboard item setup

Digital input

Digital output with buttons

LM75 sensor - temperature

SHT21 sensor - temperature

SHT21 sensor - humidity

DS18B20 sensor - temperature

Analog sensors

Figure 44: PoKeys56E dashboard

Access rights settings enables administrator to select which users will be able to display the sensor readings. This is intented mainly for display items that can change outputs.

To open the interface, use your internet browser and type in the IP address of the PoKeys56E/57E board. After entering the username and password, the following page will be displayed:

Developers can access status of the inputs by fetching the file /devStat.xml from PoKeys56E/57E board.

Applicable PoKeys library commands

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Address (0-based)

Access (R – Read, W – Write)

Description

0-54

R/W

55 pin inputs/outputs

100-126 (100-149 on PoKeys57 series)

Sensor OK statuses

200-263

R/W

PoIL shared data (binary data) overlapped with 32-bit PoIL shared data at 1000-1127 (16-bit)

1000-1127

Matrix keyboard inputs

1400-1527

I2C Matrix keyboard LED

1600-1727

R/W

LED matrix

2000-2079

R/W

PoExtBus

2000

Device 10 – Output H

2001

Device 10 – Output G

...

2079

Device 1 – Output A

Address (0-based)

Access (R – Read, W – Write)

Description

0-1 R Serial number of the device

(PoKeys57 only)

10-16

Analog inputs

20-45

Encoder counter values (lower 16bit)

Modbus

PoKeys56E/57E supports slave (server) operation of Modbus TCP communication protocol. Modbus TCP compatible devices on the network can read the values from the device and set the outputs. To elevate the security, user can define which peripherals are accessible via Modbus TCP.

Modbus TCP uses TCP protocol on port 502 (default), which can be changed in Modbus settings (accessible from the menu Device – Modbus configuration...). The Modbus TCP connection is disconnected after 3 seconds of inactivity (this default value can be changed in the Modbus settings).

Discrete inputs/outputs

Supported operations:

0x01: Read coils 0x02: Read discrete input 0x05: Write single coil 0x0F: Write multiple coils

Registers

Supported operations:

0x03: Read holding register 0x04: Read input register 0x06: Write single register 0x10: Write multiple registers

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

100-154

Digital counter values

200-213

PWM

200,201

PWM period (MSB first)

202,203

PWM duty1 (MSB first) – pin 22

...

212,213

PWM duty6 (MSB first) – pin 17

300-304

PoExtBus

400-453 (400-499 on PoKeys57 series)

Sensors (32-bit values, LSB first)

500-579

LCD buffer

590 W LCD configuration (0=disabled,

1=primary or 2=secondary) - writing to this register will re-init and clear the LCD

591 W Number of rows (lower byte) and

number of columns (upper byte) of the LCD module

592 W Not used

593 W Clear LCD (both bytes = 0xAA)

600 R Tick counter (lower 16-bit)

610

RTC seconds

611

RTC minutes

612

RTC hours

613

RTC day

614

RTC day of week

615

RTC month

616

RTC year

700-751

R[W]

Digital encoder values (32-bit values, LSB first) - any write to these registers causes the reset of the encoder value to 0

800-909

Digital counter values (32-bit values, LSB first)

1000-1127

PoIL shared data (32-bit, LSB first)

Address (0-based)

300

A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G

Device 10

Device 9

301

A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G

Device 8

Device 7

302

A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G

Device 6

Device 5

303

A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G

Device 4

Device 3

304

A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G

Device 2

Device 1

PoExtBus channel mapping:

where

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Modbus word bit

A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G H PoExtBus device bit

mapping

Device 10

Device 9

Modbus configuration commands

GetModbusSettings SetModbusSettings

Retrieves modbus settings Set modbus settings

Figure 45: Modbus configuration

Applicable PoKeys library commands

Connecting to PoKeys56E/57E across the internet

To access the PoKeys56E/57E from the internet, connect the PoKeys56 board to your router and configure the following port forwarding (consult router manual for instructions on port forwarding):

- For the WEB interface, forward the port 80

- For the use of the PoKeys software, forward the port 20055

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

IP address of PoKeys56E board

pokeysdemo.poscope.com

Using PoKeys software with PoKeys56E/57E device across the internet

Suppose that the PoKeys56E/57E is at the pokeysdemo.poscope.com (change this address to the address of your own PoKeys56E/57E device).

Open PoKeys software and click on 'Network settings'.

The following dialog will appear. Enter the address of the PoKeys56 board in the field on the right and click on 'Add'.

Then click on 'OK'. If the connection was established successfully, PoKeys56E/57E will be shown in the list of the devices.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

PUT /v2/feeds/62592.csv HTTP/1.1 Host: api.xively.com X-ApiKey: CAb3XX634daSAKxZc3M0M3I1NWVZVT0g User-Agent: PoKeys56E Content-Type: text/csv

Content-Length: 010 Connection: close

Test1234,-15000.00

The HTTP header without 'Connection' and 'Content-length' tags must be provided by the user

The 'Connection' and 'Content-length' tags are automatically inserted by PoKeys56E device

Data is inserted at the end of the packet

PUT /v2/feeds/62592.csv HTTP/1.1 Host: api.xively.com X-ApiKey: CAb3XX634daSAKxZc3M0M3I1NWVZVT0g User-Agent: PoKeys56E Content-Type: text/csv

POST /myScript.php HTTP/1.1 Host: api.xively.com User-Agent: MyCustomDeviceAgent

The HTTP header without 'Connection' and 'Content-length' tags must be provided by the user

8.20. Reporting data to network server with PoKeys56E/57E device

PoKeys56E/57E devices can automatically report sensor values to various network servers using the HTTP POST, HTTP PUT or text-only protocols.

Figure 46: Reports server settings for Xively service

To use this reporting feature, user must specify request type (HTTP POST/PUT, Xively, custom HTTP header or raw), server IP and update rate.

The request header is constructed of two parts – HTML header and data header, divided by double new line character (\n). Example header (Xively.com web service):

The above example is specified as

The extra new line at the end is essential.

More customized header:

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Content-Type: text/csv

Content-Length: 010 Connection: close

MyData: Test1234,-15000.00

The 'Connection' and 'Content-length' tags are automatically inserted by PoKeys56E device

POST /myScript.php HTTP/1.1 Host: api.xively.com User-Agent: MyCustomDeviceAgent Content-Type: text/csv

MyData:

The above example must be specified as

Again, an extra new line character in fifth line is essential.

Total length of final header and data is limited to 350 bytes.

Setup for Xively web service

Xively web service is an on-line database service allowing users to connect sensor-derived data (eg. energy and environment data from objects) to the Web and to build their own applications based on that data.

PoKeys56E/57E devices feature a direct support for the Xively web service. To configure PoKeys device for Xively, follow these steps:

1. Sign-up for a free account at http://xively.com/

2. Navigate to Develop and create a new private device

3. Under the created device information, you can find ‘Feed ID’ and ‘API key’ for your newly

created device, as shown in the figure below.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Your Xively API key

Your Xively Feed ID

4. Open Device > Web interface settings dialog and go to ‘Reports server' tab. Check ‘Xively web

service’ option.

5. Enter your Xively API key and Feed ID, created in step 3, leave other fields with default values

Figure 47: Xively settings page

6. Select the update rate at the bottom.

7. Click OK and click Send to device button

8. Go back to Device > Web interface settings to page ‘Dashboard items’. Define entries as

described in the ‘Web interface’ chapter of this manual. To enable uploading of the

dashboard item to the Xively service, select ‘Web report’ as the user. The ‘Item caption’ field is used to identify the datastream in the selected Xively feed.

Make sure that item caption does not contain any invalid characters for Xively channel name (+, -, _, letters and numbers are allowed)

Figure 48: Item configuration for the Xively service

9. Save the settings again by clicking 'Send to device' button.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

10. Make sure the PoKeys device has properly configured network settings and that it is

connected to the internet

11. After a update interval, check the status of the Xively updates in the Xively 'Develop' page

12. Open your Xively feed by clicking the Feed URL – you should see the recorded data

Figure 49: Xively feed overview page

Setup for standard HTTP POST or PUT data upload

Let's assume that the user wants to send sensor data to his server script that accepts POST method for data upload. The user's server script is available at the address www.userdomain.com/PoKeysDataUpload.asp. The user also wants that the data in the POST stream to have the HTTP type of 'text/plain' and preceeded with the string 'MyData: '. The data should be transferred every 10 minutes. The settings are displayed in Figure 50.

To setup PoKeys to use this settings, the following steps must be taken (enter text without ' quotes):

1. Open Device > Web configuration menu and switch to 'Reports server' tab.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

2. Select 'Standard HTTP POST service' option

3. Enter 'www.userdomain.com/PoKeysDataUpload.asp' in the POST destination field

4. Enter 'text/plain' in the 'Content-type' field.

5. Enter 'MyData: ' in the 'Data header' field

6. Enter the server's IP address and port number in the fields below.

7. Enter 600 in the update time field

8. Click OK and click Send to device button.

9. Go back to Device > Web interface settings to page ‘Dashboard items’. Define entries as

described in the ‘Web interface’ chapter of this manual. To enable uploading of the dashboard item to the web server, select ‘Web report’ as the user. The ‘Item caption’ field is used to identify the datastream.

10. Save the settings again by clicking 'Send to device' button.

11. Make sure the PoKeys device has properly configured network settings and that it is

connected to the internet

Figure 50: Example of HTTP POST service setup

8.21. Changing User ID number

Users can freely assign their own User ID number that represents a specific PoKeys device (enables distinguishing between different PoKeys devices in case there is more than one connected to a single host PC). To change the User ID number, go to ‘Device’ > ‘Change user ID’ menu. Simply enter any number between 0 and 255, and click the 'Change user ID' button.

Figure 51: Device user ID dialog

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

8.22. Saving current configuration to file

To save the current configuration to a file, go to ‘File’ > 'Save' menu and select a new filename. To reload a saved configuration from a file, go to ‘File’ > ‘Open’ menu and select the appropriate file. To transfer new settings to the device, click on the ‘Save to device’ button.

9. PoTLog27 firmware

PoKeys56U and PoKeys56E/57E devices support an alternate firmware that allows the connection of up to 27 DS1820 or DS18B20 temperature sensors (one sensor per pin, pins 1-27 only). Firmware automatically detects the sensors on each power-up and starts reading the temperatures. Temperatures of both types of temperature sensors are read at the rate of 1 measurement per 800 miliseconds (around 1,25 measurements per second) at the resolution of 12-bit (approx. 0,06 °C).

To activate PoTLog27 firmware, go to menu Device > Update firmware to PoTLog27... and wait for the update to finish. After the successfull update, the device will reboot into the PoTLog27 firmware.

To check the configuration and current temperatures, go to menu Peripherals > PoTLog status... The following dialog will appear, showing the list of all detected sensors and their temperatures.

Figure 52: PoTLog status dialog

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

string GetAllSensorValuesString()

bool GetAllSensorValues(ref sPoTLogDevice logDevice)

Note: the following functions are disabled in PoTLog27 mode:

- Encoders

- Macros

- Triggered key mapping and delayed/repeated key actions

- PWM outputs

- Joystick analog to digital mapping

- Connection signal

- PoExtBus

- Additional 1-wire devices support

- Custom device name

To access the temperature measurements, these commands are available in PoKeys communication dll:

GetAllSensorValuesString

Retrieves all measurements in one string. Each measurements is separated with | sign.

Arguments:

none

Remarks:

none

GetAllSensorValues

Retrieves all measurements in one structure.

Arguments:

none

Remarks:

C++ alternative: COM_GetAllSensorValues(IntPtr logDevice)

GetAllSensorIDs

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

bool GetAllSensorIDs(ref sPoTLogDevice logDevice)

sPoTLogDevice logger = new sPoTLogDevice();

MyDevice.GetAllSensorValues(ref logger); MyDevice.GetAllSensorIDs(ref logger);

for (int i = 0; i < 27; i++)

{ byte sType = logger.sensors1Wire[i].sensorID[0]; double value = (double)logger.sensors1Wire[i].sensorValue / 100; string displayValue = "";

if (sType == 0x10) { displayValue = value + " °C"; listBox1.Items.Add("Pin " + (i + 1) + ":\t" + displayValue + "\t[DS1820]"); } else if (sType == 0x28) { displayValue = value + " °C"; listBox1.Items.Add("Pin " + (i + 1) + ":\t" + displayValue + "\t[DS18B20]"); } else { listBox1.Items.Add("Pin " + (i + 1) + ":\tNo sensor"); } }

Retrieves all sensor 64-bit IDs in one structure.

Arguments:

none

Remarks:

C++ alternative: COM_GetAllSensorIDs(IntPtr logDevice)

Example code (C#):

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

10. Connecting common peripherals to PoKeys devices

Relays

LEDs

High-current LEDs

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Switches

Example: Setting up key mapping

This example shows how easy is to set up a digital input pin for direct key mapping

We will set up a Shift-Escape combination for pin 15.

1. Connect a switch to your PoKeys device as shown above

2. Open PoKeys configuration application

3. Select your PoKeys device from drop-down box and click ‘Connect’ button

4. Wait the application to load current configuration from PoKeys device

5. Click the same pin number as you connected a switch to (in this example pin 15)

6. Set this pin as digital input

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

7. Select ‘Direct key mapping’ and from drop-down box select Escape

8. Click on the ‘Shift’ checkbox to enable Shift modifier

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

9. Send configuration to device by clicking ‘Send to device button’.

Optocoupled digital output

Optocoupled digital input

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

Potentiometers (variable resistors)

Linear motor control

Rotational encoder switch

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

LED displays/arrays

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

11. Restoring factory defaults - quick resetting the device configuration

(or recovering bad firmware update)

If configuration editor cannot be used to reconfigure the device because of endless key presses from the device, simple reset procedure should be executed.

1. Disconnect PoKeys device from USB (unplug the power for the PoKeys56E/57E device)

2. Find pin labeled ‘RST’ on the PoKeys device (otherwise use pin numbered 54)

3. Short this pin to ground (GND) and reconnect the PoKeys device to USB (or reconnect power)

4. Green light should start flashing rapidly and PoKeys device will connect in recovery mode

5. Open PoKeys configuration application

6. PoKeys configuration application should detect PoKeys device in recovery mode. a. To reset the device configuration, use the option ‘Clear settings’. By clicking this

button and confirming your decision on the next dialog, settings will be erased.

b. To recover from bad firmware update, click ‘Recover’.

7. After completing the operation, unplug PoKeys device and disconnect ‘RST’ pin from ground

8. If resetting the configuration, ensure the device is properly cleared – replug PoKeys device,

connect to it and execute Device > Clear settings in device.

PoKeys configuration software is backing up current configuration state (except keyboard macro sequences) on each connection start.

These configuration files can be found in the local application folder (system folder – usually c:\Documents and settings\{username}\Local Settings\Application Data\PoKeys\ on Windows 2000, XP or C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Local\PoKeys\), named backup1.pkc, backup2.pkc and backup3.pkc with backup3.pkc being the oldest configuration.

PoKeys user manual

www.poscope.com

12. Frequently asked questions

What software must be installed to operate the device?

On first use or when reconfiguring the device, the supplied software must be installed. There are no device drivers needed. They are already supplied with your operating system. Once the device has been configured, the settings are stored on-board. Device can then be freely used on any machine (see requirements for USB HID device driver enabled operating system) without any additional installation.

What is the difference between PoKeys56E and PoKeys57E?

PoKeys57E has (compared to PoKeys56E) more memory space for future updates and PoIL code.

I misconfigured the device. Now the device starts pressing virtual keys before I can do anything. What can I do?

If you misconfigured the device in such a way that configuration utility cannot be used to repair the configuration, see the section ‘Quick resetting the device configuration’ in this manual.

How do I connect switch/relay/LED/… to PoKeys device?

Please see the section ‘Connection common peripherals to PoKeys device' in this manual.

I have two (or more) PoKeys devices connected on one system and cannot differentiate the devices to set the configurations.

It is advised that the users assign different UserID numbers to each of the device connected to a system. Please see the section Changing User ID of this manual.

It appears that pins 48 and 49 are floating. What should I do? (PoKeys55 only)

Due to device design, pins 48 and 49 should be equipped with external 5-10 kΩ pull-up resistor as shown bellow.

Note: on PoKeys55 boards with serial number above 11500, this problem is removed.

PoKeys user manual

100

www.poscope.com

I have connected a switch to pin 4 and now PoKeys55 is not recognized by the computer anymore.

You must have connected normally-closed switch to pin 4 and therefore connected pin 4 to ground. At boot (connecting PoKeys55 to USB) this means that PoKeys55 is entering system boot and therefore cannot be used from the computer. Please use another pin for normally-closed switches.

Note: on PoKeys55 boards with serial number above 11500, this problem is removed.

I have connected a switch to pin 54 and now PoKeys is connecting in recovery mode on every boot.

You must have connected normally-closed switch to pin 54 and therefore connected pin 4 to ground. At boot (connecting PoKeys device to USB) this means that PoKeys device is entering recovery mode and therefore cannot be used from the third-party software. Please use another pin for normallyclosed switches. Also see chapter 9: Quick resetting the device configuration.

There is spontaneous triggering of some of the pins. What is wrong?

You might have connected long cable from the PoKeys board to the switch. If this cable crosses any power cables, it can trigger a false signal on PoKeys board input due to interference or coupling. Use twisted pair wires if possible. If this not help and cables cannot be routed elsewhere, use shielded cable.

If cables are routed inside electrically ‘dirty’ environment, use simple RC filter on those signals as illustrated below.

If connecting switches to PoKeys device with long cables, use the schematics below. When using matrix keyboard connected to PoKeys device with long cables, it is also advised to use the schematics below for digital input pins. This filter should not be used on digital output pins!

JOY-IT POKEYS57E User guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1. Description

2. Features

2.1. PoKeys55

2.2. PoKeys56U / PoKeys57U

2.3. PoKeys56E / PoKeys57E

3. Device comparison

4. Device hardware description

4.1. PoKeys56U/E pin functions graphical overview

4.2. PoKeys55 pin functions graphical overview (serial numbers above 11500)

4.3. Status LEDs

5. Requirements

5.1. USB devices

5.2. Network devices

PoKeys57E v1.2

PoKeys56E/PoKeys57E v1.1

6. Technical specifications

6.1. PoKeys55, PoKeys56U and PoKeys57U dimensions

6.2. PoKeys56E/57E dimensions

6.3. Electrical specification – limiting values

6.4. Electrical specification – static characteristic

6.5. Environment specifications

6.6. Power supply for PoKeys57E v1.2

6.7. Power supply for PoKeys56E (and PoKeys57E v1.1)

7. Installation

8. PoKeys configuration options

8.1. Digital inputs and outputs

PoKeys configuration software usage

Inactive

Digital input

Direct key mapping – only for USB devices

Example: Send Alt-F4

Example: Send ( (opening bracket)

Example: starting a program on Windows using PoKeys55/PoKeys56U device

Keyboard macro – only for USB devices

Triggered digital input – only for USB devices

Digital output

View status of digital inputs and outputs

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.2. Connection signal output

PoKeys configuration software usage

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.3. Digital counters (only on PoKeys56 devices)

PoKeys configuration software usage

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.4. Encoders

PoKeys configuration software usage

Enabling fast encoders

Enabling ultra-fast encoders

Displaying encoder raw values

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.5. Matrix keyboard

PoKeys configuration software usage

Matrix keyboard column selection

Matrix keyboard row selection

Keyboard mapping configuration

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.6. Analog inputs

PoKeys configuration software usage

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.7. Joystick mapping

PoKeys configuration software usage

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.8. PWM outputs

PoKeys configuration software usage

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.9. Matrix LED output

PoKeys configuration software usage

Applicable PoKeys library commands

8.10. LCD

PoKeys configuration software usage

LCD settings

LCD operations

Display on/off settings

Custom characters

Move cursor

Print text