Javad ALPHA Operator's Manual

All contents in this manual are copyrighted by JAVAD GNSS.

All rights reserved.The information contained herein may not be used, accessed, copied,

stored, displayed, sold, modified, published, or distributed, or otherwise reproduced without express

written consent from JAVAD GNSS.

ALPHA

GNSS Receiver

Operator’s Manual

Version 1.1

Last Revised March 23, 2009

www.javad.com

3www.javad.com

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Terms and Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

FCC Class B Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Canadian Emissions Labeling Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

WEEE Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Manual Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Screen Captures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Related Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Chapter 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1.1. Principles of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

1.1.1. GNSS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

1.1.2. Calculating Absolute Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

1.1.3. Calculating Differential Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

1.1.4. Essential Components for Quality measuring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

1.2. Getting Acquainted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

1.2.1. Internal Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

ALPHA GNSS Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Bluetooth® Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

1.2.2. External Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Top panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Front Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Back panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Bottom Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

1.2.3. Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

1.2.4. Literature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

1.2.5. Storage Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

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1.3. Option Authorization File (OAF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Chapter 2. Pre-measuring Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

2.1. Installing JAVAD GNSS Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

2.1.1. Installing TriVU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

2.1.2. Installing ModemVU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

2.2. Installing the Optional SIM Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.3. Charging the Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.3.1. Power supply requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.4. Powering the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.4.1. Turning On/Off the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.5. Connecting the Receiver and a Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.5.1. Establishing a Wireless Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.5.2. Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

2.5.3. Establishing a USB Cable Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

2.6. Bluetooth® Module Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

2.7. Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Chapter 3. Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

3.1. Configuring the Internal GSM Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

3.1.1. Configuring the GSM module for Point-to-Point radio link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

3.1.2. Configuring the GSM module for Internet access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Settings for the RCV subtab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Settings for the NTRIP subtab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Settings for the SERVER subtab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

3.2. Configuring the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

3.3. TriPad Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Chapter 4. Setup and Measuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

4.1. Receiver Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

4.1.1. Set up Receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

4.1.2. Measure Antenna Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

4.1.3. External Antenna Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

4.1.4. Collect Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

4.2. TriPad Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

4.3. Static Measuring for Base Stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

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4.4. Kinematic (Stop & Go) Measuring for Rover Stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69

4.5. Real Time Kinematic Measuring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Chapter 5. Receiver and File Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

5.1. Downloading Files to a Computer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

5.2. Deleting Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

5.3. Managing Receiver Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

5.3.1. Checking an OAF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

5.3.2. Loading OAFs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

5.4. Managing Receiver Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

5.5. Clearing the NVRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

5.5.1. Using TriPad to Clear NVRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

5.5.2. Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

5.6. Checking Firmware Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

5.7. Loading New Firmware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84

Chapter 6. Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

6.1. Check This First!. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 9

6.2. Powering Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

6.3. Receiver Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

6.4. Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

6.4.1. Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

Appendix A. Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

A.1. Receiver Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

A.1.1. General Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

A.1.2. GNSS Board Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

A.1.3. Bluetooth® Module Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

A.1.4. GSM Module Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

A.2. Connector Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Power Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Serial RS-232C Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

USB Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

RS422 and CAN Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

GNSS External Antenna RF Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104

EVENT and 1PPS Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104

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Appendix B. Safety Warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

General Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Battery Pack Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Power Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Usage Warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Appendix C. Warranty Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

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PREFACE

Thank you for purchasing this product. The materials available in this Manual (the “Manual”)
have been prepared by JAVAD GNSS, Inc. (“JAVAD GNSS”) for owners of JAVAD GNSS
products. It is designed to assist owners with the use of the ALPHA receiver and its use is subject
to these terms and conditions (the “Terms and Conditions”).

Note: Please read these Terms and Conditions carefully.

Terms and Conditions

USE – JAVAD GNSS receivers are designed to be used by a professional. The user is expected to
have a good knowledge and understanding of the user and safety instructions before operating,
inspecting or adjusting. Always wear the required protectors (safety shoes, helmet, etc.) when
operating the receiver.

COPYRIGHT – All information contained in this Manual is the intellectual property of, and
copyrighted material of JAVAD GNSS. All rights are reserved. You may not use, access, copy,
store, display, create derivative works of, sell, modify, publish, distribute, or allow any third party
access to, any graphics, content, information or data in this Manual without JAVAD GNSS’
express written consent and may only use such information for the care and operation of your
ALPHA. The information and data in this Manual are a valuable asset of JAVAD GNSS and are
developed by the e xpenditure of considerable work, time and money, and are the result of original
selection, coordination and arrangement by JAVAD GNSS.

TRADEMARKS – ALPHA™, JAVAD GNSS

®

are trademarks or registered trademarks of
JAVAD GNSS. Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation; Bluetooth® word
mark is owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. Product and company names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective owners.

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY – EXCEPT FOR ANY WARRANTIES IN THIS MANUAL
OR A WARRANTY CARD ACCOMPANYING THE PRODUCT, THIS MANUAL AND THE
ALPHA RECEIVER ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS.” THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES.
JAVAD GNSS DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE. JAVAD GNSS AND ITS
DISTRIBUTORS SHALL NO T BE LIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDIT ORIAL ERR ORS OR

Preface

Terms and Conditions

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OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN; NOR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE OR USE OF THIS
MATERIAL OR THE ALPHA RECEIVER. SUCH DISCLAIMED DAMAGES INCLUDE BUT
ARE NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF TIME, LOSS OR DESTRUCTION OF DATA, LOSS OF
PROFIT, SAVINGS OR REVENUE, OR LOSS OF THE PRODUCT'S USE. IN ADDITION,
J AVAD GNSS IS NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OR COSTS INCURRED
IN CONNECTION WITH OBTAINING SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE,
CLAIMS BY OTHERS, INCONVENIENCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS. IN ANY EVENT,
JAVAD GNSS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES OR OTHERWISE TO YOU
OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR THE
ALPHA RECEIVER.

LICENSE AGREEMENT – Use of any computer programs or software supplied by JAVAD
GNSS or downloaded from a JAVAD GNSS website (the “Software”) in connection with the
ALPHA receiver constitutes acceptance of these Terms and Conditions in this Manual and an
agreement to abide by these Terms and Conditions. The user is granted a personal, non-exclusive,
non-transferable license to use such Software under the terms stated herein and in any case only
with a single ALPHA or single computer. You may not assign or transfer the Software or this
license without the express written consent of JAVAD GNSS. This license is effective until
terminated. You may terminate the license at any time by destroying the Software and Manual.
JAVAD GNSS may terminate the license if you fail to comply with any of the Terms or
Conditions. You agree to destroy the Software and manual upon termination of your use of the
ALPHA receiver. All ownership, copyright and other intellectual property rights in and to the
Software belong to JAVAD GNSS. If these license terms are not acceptable, return any unused
software and manual.

CONFIDENTIALITY – This Manual, its contents and the Software (collectively, the
“Confidential Information”) are the confidential and proprietary information of JAVAD GNSS.
You agree to treat JAVAD GNSS' Confidential Information with a degree of care no less stringent
that the degree of care you would use in safeguarding your ow n most valuable trade secrets.
Nothing in this paragraph shall restrict you from disclosing Confidential Information to your
employees as may be necessary or appropriate to operate or care for the ALPHA receiver. Such
employees must also keep the Confidentiality Information confidential. In the event you become
legally compelled to disclose any of the Confidential Information, you shall give JAVAD GNSS
immediate notice so that it may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy.

WEBSITE; OTHER STATEMENTS – No statement contained at the JAVAD GNSS website (or
any other website) or in any other advertisements or JAVAD GNSS literature or made by an
employee or independent contractor of JAVAD GNSS modifies these Terms and Conditions
(including the Software license, warranty and limitation of liability).

Preface

Regulatory Information

FCC Class B Compliance

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SAFETY – Improper use of the ALPHA receiver can lead to injury to persons or property and/or
malfunction of the product. The ALPHA receiver should only be repaired by authorized JAVAD
GNSS warranty service centers. Users should review and heed the safety warnings in Appendix
B on page 105.

MISCELLANEOUS – The above Terms and Conditions may be amended, modified,
superseded, or canceled, at any time by JAVAD GNSS. The above Terms and Conditions will be
governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of California, without
reference to conflict of laws.

Regulatory Information

The following sections provide information on this product’s compliance with government
regulations.

FCC Class B Compliance

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:

1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and

2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operation.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reason­able protection against harmful interference in residential installations. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communica­tions. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular instal­lation.

If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television equipment reception,
which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to
try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Move the equipment away from the receiver.

• Plug the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
powered.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional
suggestions.

Preface

Regulatory Information
Canadian Emissions Labeling Requirements

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Note: Any changes or modifications to the equipment not expressly approved by the party responsible

for compliance could void your authority to operate such equipment.

Canadian Emissions Labeling Requirements

This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing
Equipment Regulations.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Réglement sur le matériel
brouilleur du Canada.

DECLARATION of CONFORMITY

According to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN45014

European contact for regulatory topics only: ALLSAT GmbH Am Hohen Ufer 3A, 30159 Hannover, Germany
USA contact: Javad GNSS, Inc 1731 Technology Drive, San Jose, CA 95110. Phone [phone]

San Jose, January 21, 2008 Vladimir Zhukov, Product Regulations Manager

Manufacturer’s Name: JAVAD GNSS, Inc
Manufacturer’s Address: 1731 Technology Drive

San Jose, CA 95110
USA

declares, that the products

Product Name: ALPHA-G3T, ALPHA-G2T, ALPHA-G2 GNSS Receivers
Product Number: 01-573401-01, 01-573402-01, 01-573403-01

Product Options: All

conforms to the following Product Specification:

Safety:
Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC IEC 60950: 1999 3rd Edition / EN 60950-1:2001

EMC:
Directive 89/336/EEC EN 300 328, EN 301 511, 3GPP TS 51.010-1,

EN 301 489 – 1, EN 301 489 – 1

Supplementary Information:

The product herewith complies with the essential requirements of the directive 1999/5/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and

telecommunications terminal equipment (R&TTE) and the mutual recognition of their conformity
and carries the CE marking accordingly

1) These products were tested in a typical configuration with JAVAD GNSS, Inc. products

Preface

Manual Conventions
WEEE Directive

12 www.javad.com

WEEE Directive

The following information is for EU-member states only:
The use of the symbol indicates that this product may not be treated as household waste. By

ensuring this product is disposed of correctly, you will help prevent potential negative
consequences for the environment and human health, which could otherwise be caused by
inappropriate waste handling of this product. For more detailed information about the take-back
and recycling of this product, please contact your supplier where you purchased the product or
consult.

Manual Conventions

This manual uses the following conventions:

Note: Supplementary information that can have an affect on system operation, system performance,

measurements, or personal safety.

C

AUTION

:

Notification that an action has the potential to adversely affect system operation, system per­formance, data integrity, or personal health.

Warning:

Notification that an action will result in system damage, loss of data, loss of warranty, or personal
injury.

D

ANGER

:

UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD THIS ACTION BE PERFORMED.

Example Description

FileExit

Click the File menu and click Exit

TriPad This format represents titles of dialog windows/boxes, names of

menu options, identifies program interface objects, such as
checkboxes, edit boxes, radio buttons, etc.

Temp

This format is used to enter various string information (e.g., file and
directory names) as well as operator commands.

Preface

Screen Captures

Technical Assistance

13www.javad.com

Screen Captures

This manual includes sample screen captures. Your actual screen can look slightly different from
the sample screen due to the receiver you have connected, operating system used and settings you
have specified. This is normal and not a cause for concern.

Related Information

Technical Assistance

If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product documentation,
contact your local dealer. Alternatively, request technical support using the JAVAD GNSS World
Wide Web site at: www.javad.com

Preface

Related Information
Technical Assistance

14 www.javad.com

Chapter 1

15www.javad.com

INTRODUCTION

Based on the TRIUMPH Chip, ALPHA is a fully integrated package ready for your demanding
jobs, offering precise and automatic performance beyond anything that you have experienced so
far. An elegant, rugged, light, and hermetically sealed box accommodates all GNSS and modem
electronics, and up to 10 hours of rechargeable batteries (Figure 1-1).

Figure 1-1. The ALPHA Receiver

ALPHA can receive and processes multiple signal types (including the latest GPS L5, GLONASS
C/A L2, and Galileo signals) improving the accuracy and reliability of your measuring points and
positions, especially under difficult jobsite conditions.

The GNSS component of ALPHA receivers means you can access the GPS (Global Positioning
System) satellites of the United States, the Galileo (an upcoming global positioning system
maintained and operated by Galileo Industries,) and the GLONASS (Global Navigation satellite
System) satellites of the Russian Federation, increasing the number of satellites your receiver can
detect, thus improving the accuracy of your measuring points, increasing productivity, and
reducing cost.

The ALPHA receiver provides the functionality, accuracy, availability, and integrity needed for
fast and easy data collection.

Introduction

Principles of Operation
GNSS Overview

16 www.javad.com

1.1. Principles of Operation

Measurements, including measuring with the right GNSS receiver can provide users accurate and
precise positioning, a requirement for any project. This section gives an overview of existing and
proposed Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and receiver functions to help you
understand and apply basic operating principles, allowing you to get the most out of your receiv er.

1.1.1. GNSS Overview

Currently, the following three global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) offer line-of-site radio
navigation and positioning, velocity, and time services on a global, all-weather scale to any user
equipped with a GNSS tracking receiver on or near the Earth’s surface:

• GPS – the Global Positioning System maintained and operated by the United States
Department of Defense. For information on the status of this system, visit the US Naval
Observatory website (http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/) or the US Coast Guard website (http://
www.navcen.uscg.gov/).

• GLONASS – the Global Navigation Satellite System maintained and operated by the
Russian Federation Ministry of Defense. For information on the status of this system, visit
the Coordinational Scientific Information Center website (http://www.glonasscenter.ru/
frame_e.html).

• Galileo – an upcoming global positioning system maintained and operated by Galileo
Industries, a joint venture of several European space agencies/companies working closely
with the European Space Agency. Unlike GPS and GLONASS, this is a civil endea vor and
is currently in the development and validation stage. For information on the status of this
system, visit the Galileo Industries website (http://www.galileo-industries.net).

Despite numerous technical differences in the implementation of these systems, satellite
positioning systems have three essential components:

• Space – GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo satellites orbit approximately 12,000 nautical miles
above Earth and are equipped with a clock and radio. These satellites broadcast ranging
signals and various digital information (ephemerides, almanacs, time&frequenc y corrections,
etc.).

• Control – Ground stations located around the Earth that monitor the satellites and upload
data, including clock corrections and new ephemerides (satellite positions as a function of
time), to ensure the satellites transmit data properly.

• User – The community and military that use GNSS receivers to calculate positions.

Introduction

Principles of Operation

Calculating Absolute Positions

17www.javad.com

1.1.2. Calculating Absolute Positions

When calculating an absolute position, a stationary or moving receiver determines its three­dimensional position with respect to the origin of an Earth-Center Earth-Fixed coordinate system.
To calculate this position, the receiver measures the distance (called pseudoranges) between it and
at least four satellites. The measured pseudoranges are corrected for clock differences (receiver
and satellites) and signal propagation delays due to atmospheric effects. The positions of the
satellites are computed from the ephemeris data transmitted to the receiver in navigation
messages. When using a single satellite system, the minimum number of satellites needed to
compute a position is four. In a mixed satellite scenario (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo), the receiver
must lock onto fiv e or more satellites to account for the dif ferent time scales used in these systems
and to obtain an absolute position.

1.1.3. Calculating Differential Positions

DGPS, or Differential GPS, is a relative positioning technique where the measurements from two
or more remote receivers are combined and processed using sophisticated algorithms to calculate
the receivers’ relative coordinates with high accuracy.

DGPS accommodates various implementation techniques that can be classified according to the
following criteria:

• The type of GNSS measurements used, either code-phase differential measurements or
carrier-phase differential measurements

• If real-time or post-mission results required Real-time applications can be further divided
according to the source of differential data and communication link used.

With DGPS in its most traditional approach, one receiver is placed at a known, measured location
and is referred to as the reference receiver or base station. Another receiver is placed at an
unknown location and is referred to as the remote receiver or rover. The reference station collects
the code-phase and carrier-phase measurements from each GNSS satellite in view.

• For real-time applications, these measurements and the reference station coordinates are
then built up to the industry standard RTCM – or various proprietary standards established
for transmitting differential data – and broadcast to the remote receiver(s) using a data
communication link. The remote receiver applies the transmitted measurement
information to its observed measurements of the same satellites.

• For post-mission applications, the simultaneous measurements from reference and rover
stations are normally recorded to the receiver’s internal memory (not sent over
communication link). Later, the data are downloaded to computer, combined, and
processed.

Introduction

Principles of Operation
Essential Components for Quality measuring

18 www.javad.com

Using this technique, the spatially correlated errors – such as satellite orbital errors, ionospheric
errors, and tropospheric errors – can be significantly reduced, thus improving the position solution
accuracy.

A number of differential positioning implementations exist, including post-processing measuring,
real-time kinematic measuring, maritime radio beacons, geostationary satellites, and satellite
based augmentation systems (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS). The real-time kinematic (RTK) method
is the most precise method of real-time measuring. RTK requires at least two receivers collecting
navigation data and communication data link between the receivers. One of the receivers is
usually at a known location (Base) and the other is at an unknown location (Rover). The Base
receiver collects carrier phase measurements, generates RTK corrections, and sends this data to
the Rover receiver. The Rover processes this transmitted data with its own carrier phase
observations to compute its relati v e position with high accuracy, achieving an RTK accuracy of up
to 1 cm horizontal and 1.5 cm vertical.

1.1.4. Essential Components for Quality measuring

Achieving quality position results requires the following elements:

• Accuracy – The accuracy of a position primarily depends upon the satellite geometry
(Geometric Dilution of Precision, or GDOP) and the measurement (ranging) errors.

– Differential positioning (DGPS and RTK) strongly mitigates atmospheric and orbital
errors, and counteracts Selective Availability (SA) signals the US Department of Defense
transmits with GPS signals.

– The more satellites in view, the stronger the signal, the lower the DOP number, the
higher positioning accuracy.

• Availability – The availability of satellites affects the calculation of valid positions. The
more visible satellites available, the more valid and accurate the position. Natural and
man-made objects can block, interrupt, and distort signals, lowering the number of
available satellites and adversely affecting signal reception.

• Integrity – Fault tolerance allows a position to have greater integrity, increasing accuracy.
Several factors combine to provide fault tolerance, including:

– Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) detects faulty GNSS satellites and
removes them from the position calculation.

– Five or more visible satellites for only GPS or only GLONASS; six or more satellites for
mixed scenarios.

– Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (WAAS, EGNOS, etc.) creates and transmit, along
with DGPS corrections, data integrity information (for example, satellite health warnings).

– Current ephemerides and almanacs.

Introduction

Getting Acquainted

Internal Components

19www.javad.com

1.2. Getting Acquainted

The ALPHA receiver is a 216-channel GNSS receiver with internal battery, an interface for
controlling and viewing data logging (TriPad), an optional internal GSM modem, a Bluetooth®
wireless technology module, and an GSM module.

The ALPHA receiver’s advanced design reduces the number of cable required for operation,
allowing you to measuring more reliably and efficiently. The casing allocates space for
rechargeable battery, a Bluetooth® wireless technology module, a multi-system receiver board,
and a modem.

1.2.1. Internal Components

ALPHA GNSS Receiver

Table below lists the options available for this card model.

Table 1-1. ALPHA GNSS Receiver

Bluetooth® Module

A combination of software and hardware technology that makes the ALPHA mobile, wireless,
GNSS receiver that supports a point-to-point serial profile. As such, the ALPHA can transfer and
synchronize files between the receiver and any other Bluetooth

®

wireless technology device that

supports serial profile, including portable handheld devices and external controllers, Bluetooth

®

adapters for PC-USB/RS ports, mobile computers and phones, IPAQs, PCMCA-to-Bluetooth
adapters, etc.

With Bluetooth

®

wireless technology, the receiver’s reception and transmission distance is 10

meters (32 feet) for interior projects and 30–50 meters (98–164 feet) for exterior projects.

Receiver Type Available Options

ALPHA-G3

GPS L1,
GLONASS L1,
Galileo E1, SBAS

ALPHA-G2T

GPS L1/L2/L5,
Galileo E1/E5A, SBAS

ALPHA-G3T

GPS L1/L2/L5,
Galileo E1/E5A,
GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS

Introduction

Getting Acquainted
External Components

20 www.javad.com

The Bluetooth® module’s processor and firmware are independent of the receiver card and power
board.

Modem

The ALPHA receiver incorporates an internal Cellular GSM/GPRS Modem with Telit® Module
(GE864 - QUAD) - GSM/GPRS single quad-band cell phone frequency modem (Europe: 900/
1800 MHz; USA and Canada: 850/1900 MHz).

Note: To comply with RF exposure requirements, maintain at least 20 cm between the user and the

transceiver.

The Base station operator is responsible for complying with local regulations for radio operation.
In the US, the FCC regulates the use of radio transmitters, requiring a license. Broadcasting
without a license can result in severe penalties including the confiscation of your radio and GNSS
equipment.

Battery

C

AUTION

:

Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type. Dispose of used battery according
to the instructions.

The ALPHA receiver is equipped with one no removable, on-board, rechargeable Lithium-Ion
battery connected to the receiver’s board. This Lithium-Ion battery is 7.2 V, 1.37 Ah.

1.2.2. External Components

The ALPHA receiver has three main panels used for data collection and user interface, and to
provide connections for external devices. The ALPHA casing includes a user interface, a power
port, and ports for configuration.

Introduction

Getting Acquainted

External Components

21www.javad.com

Top panel

Figure 1-2 shows the ALPHA’s top panel with TriPad:

Figure 1-2. ALPHA Top Panel

TriPad is the simple user interface for the ALPHA receiver. The TriPad consists of two keys and
two, three-color LEDs.

The STAT (Status) LED displays the number of tracked satellites.

• When the receiver is on and no satellites are tracked, the STAT LED will blink red.

• When satellites are tracked, the STAT LED will produce one blink for each tracked
satellite (green for GPS, orange for GLONASS).

The On/Off (power) button turns the receiver on and off.
Pressing the FN key for less than one second switches the receiver between different information

modes (normal and extended information), or between static and dynamic post-processing modes,
depending on the receiver’s configuration.

• During the first second of pressing the FN key, the REC LED is orange.

• Pressing the FN key for more than one and less than five seconds will start/stop data
recording.

• During data recording the REC LED is green or orange.

Introduction

Getting Acquainted
External Components

22 www.javad.com

• If the REC LED is red, the receiver has run out of memory, has a hardware problem, or
contains an improper OAF (see “Option Authorization File (OAF)” on page 26 for more
information on OAFs).

• The REC LED blinks green or orange each time data is written to the internal receiver's
memory.

• Each time you turn off or on data recording, either a new file opens or data appends to a
particular file. See “Always Append to the File parameter” on page 36 and “Files Creation
Mode parameter” on page 36 for information on setting this function.

• Pressing the FN key for more than five and less than eight seconds will turn the baud rate
of serial port A to 9600. After about five seconds of pressing the FN key, the REC LED
becomes red. Release the FN key while the REC LED is red (during the next three
seconds).

• Pressing the FN key for more than eight seconds has no impact.

• After loading new firmware or clearing the receiver’s NVRAM, the receiver checks its
internal file system. During this operation, the REC LED flashes orange, and the file
system is not accessible for CDU (control display unit) applications or for data recording.
This operation may require from fractions of a second to several minutes, depending on
the circumstances and the amount of internal memory.

Front Panel

The ALPHA receiver has the following ports (Figure 1-3):

• Power –used to connect the receiver to an external power source. This port can also be
used to charge the batteries.

• Serial – used for communication between the receiver and an external device.

• USB – used for high-speed data transfer and communication between the receiver and an
external device.

• The external antenna connects to the TNC external antenna connector.

Introduction

Getting Acquainted

External Components

23www.javad.com

• BAT LED - the battery status indicator. See “Powering the Receiver” on page 32 for
detailed description of the BAT LED.

Figure 1-3. ALPHA Ports

Back panel

Figure 1-4. ALPHA Back Panel

• Bluetooth Antenna (optional) – Bluetooth antenna for Bluetooth wireless technology.

• GSM Antenna (optional) – This is a SMA female connector for GSM modems.

Ext. Antenna

Connector

BAT LED

Power

Serial USB

Bluetooth Antenna GSM Antenna

Introduction

Getting Acquainted
Cables

24 www.javad.com

Bottom Panel

On the bottom receiver’s panel (Figure 1-5) there is the receiver serial number.

Figure 1-5. ALPHA Bottom Panel

1.2.3. Cables

The ALPHA receiver package includes standard communication and power cables for configuring
the receiver and providing a power source to the receiver.

Receiver-to-computer RS232 serial cable – connects the
receiver’s serial port and an external device (hand-held
controller or computer)
p/n p/n 14-578103-01

Receiver-to-SAE power cable – connects the receiver’s
power port and the power supply’s SAE connector or the
extension cable’s SAE connector
p/n p/n 14-578101-01

Serial

number

Introduction

Getting Acquainted

Literature

25www.javad.com

1.2.4. Literature

ALPHA literature, including manuals and other product information are available on the JAVAD
GNSS website (http://www.javad.com):

• ALPHA Operator’s Manual

• Functional specifications

1.2.5. Storage Precautions

1. Always clean the instrument after use. Wipe off dust with a cleaning brush, then wipe off
dirt with a soft cloth.

2. Store in a location with a temperature of -20° +35°C, and no exposure to direct sunlight.

3. Use a clean cloth, moistened with a neutral detergent or water, to clean the receiver. Never
use an abrasive cleaner, ether, thinner benzene, or other solvents.

4. Always make sure the instrument is completely dry before storing. Dry the receiver with a
soft, clean cloth.

SAE-to-SAE cable extension – connects SAE connectors
over longer distances
p/n p/n 14-578102-01

Power supply with SAE connector and power/charger cable
p/n p/n 22-570101-01

Introduction

Option Authorization File (OAF)
Storage Precautions

26 www.javad.com

1.3. Option Authorization File (OAF)

JAVAD GNSS issues an Option Authorization File (OAF) to enable the specific options that
customers purchase. An Option Authorization File allows customers to customize and configure
the ALPHA receiver according to particular needs, thus only purchasing those options needed.

Typically, all ALPHA receivers ship with a temporary OAF that allows the receiver to be used for
a predetermined period of time. When the receiver is purchased, a new OAF activates desired,
purchased options permanently. Receiver options remain intact when clearing the NVRAM or
resetting the receiver.

The OAF enables the following kinds of functions. For a complete list of available options and
details, visit the JAVAD GNSS website (http://www.javad.com) or consult your dealer.

• Memory (standard 0 MB)

• Update rate standard 1, 5, 10, 20 Hz, or 100 Hz)

• RTK at 1 Hz, 5 Hz, 10 Hz, 20 Hz, or 100 Hz

• RTCM/CMR Input/Output

• Event marker

• Common Tracking

• Advanced multipath reduction

• Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) and European Geostationary Navigation
Overlay Service (EGNOS)

• Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)

• 1 PPS (Pulse-Per-Second; a timing signal)

Chapter 2

27www.javad.com

PRE-MEASURING
PREPARATION

Before beginning to measuring with the ALPHA receiver, the following software needs to be
installed and configurations need to be applied:

• Install receiver configuration software. See “Installing JAVAD GNSS Software” on page

27.

• Optional: install SIM card. See “Installing the Optional SIM Card” on page 29.

• Charge the batteries. See “Charging the Batteries” on page 30.

• Power the receiver. See “Powering the Receiver” on page 32.

• Collect almanacs and ephemerides. See “Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page

39.

2.1. Installing JAVAD GNSS Software

Use the following software programs for configuring and maintaining the receiver:

•TriVU

•ModemVU

This software is available on the JAVAD GNSS website. If downloading the program(s) from the
website, extract the program’s files into a folder on your hard drive. The following sections
describe installing this software, and other sections throughout the manual describe using this
software with the receiver.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Installing JAVAD GNSS Software
Installing TriVU

28 www.javad.com

2.1.1. Installing TriVU

TriVU™ is a comprehensive Windows® software product designed for controlling GNSS
receivers developed by JAVAD GNSS.

Note: Refer to the TriVU Software Manual for full details on installing and using TriVU Software.

1. If downloading the program from the website, extract the program files into a folder on
your hard drive.

2. Navigate to the location of the TriVU program and double-click the Setup.exe icon.

3. Follow the on-screen installation instructions. Click Next to continue, Back to get back to
previous step, or Cancel to quit the installation.

4. Keep the default installation location or select a new location.

5. Click Finish to complete the installation. If desired, create a shortcut on the computer’s
desktop for quick access to TriVU.

To uninstall TriVU use the Start menu on your computer:

1. Navigate to the location of the TriVU program and double-click the Setup.exe icon.

2. Follow the on-screen installation instructions.

2.1.2. Installing ModemVU

ModemVUTM is a Windows® application is a configuration program for the radio modem inside
the receiver. ModemVU is available from the JAVAD GNSS website.

Note: Refer to the ModemVU Software Manual for full details on installing and using ModemVU

Software.

1. If downloading the program from the website, extract the program files into a folder on
your hard drive.

2. Navigate to the location of the ModemVU program and double-click the Setup.exe icon.

3. Follow the on-screen installation instructions. Click Next to continue, Back to get back to
previous step, or Cancel to quit the installation.

4. Keep the default installation location or select a new location.

5. Click Finish to complete the installation. If desired, create a shortcut on the computer’s
desktop for quick access to ModemVU.

To uninstall ModemVU use the Start menu on your computer:

1. Navigate to the location of the ModemVU program and double-click the Setup.exe icon.

2. Follow the on-screen installation instructions.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Installing the Optional SIM Card

Installing ModemVU

29www.javad.com

2.2. Installing the Optional SIM Card

The SIM card provides telephony communication for data transfer between two GSM-capable
receivers. The SIM card can be purchased at your local cellular phone supply store. Once
installed, the card generally remains installed.

The SIM card must support Circuit Switched Data to communicate directly between receivers.
The SIM card must have GPRS support to communicate with a GPS Network IP address.

Note: Both the Base and Rover receivers must have a SIM card installed (supporting Circuit Switched

Data) and have subscriptions to the same service provider for proper communication.

To install the SIM card:

1. Ensure the receiver is turned off.

2. Open the front of the case screwing off 2 self taping screw (Figure 2-1)

Figure 2-1. SIM Card Installation

3. Carefully insert the SIM into the SIM card holder, label side up, and push it forward to
lock it well.

4. Close the case.

Card Locked

SIM Card

Pre-measuring Preparation

Charging the Batteries
Installing ModemVU

30 www.javad.com

2.3. Charging the Batteries

C

AUTION

:

Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type. Dispose of used battery according
to the instructions.

Before beginning to work, fully charge the batteries for maximum operating time. An
approximately 6-hour charge cycle will fully charge the batteries; the batteries will charge
simultaneously.

The batteries can not be overcharged.

Note: The batteries are shipped from the factory with 40% of power. Fully charge the batteries before

measuring and measuring.

The Li-Ion batteries used in the battery packs should run at no less than 80% capacity after 500
charging cycles. These batteries do not need to be drained before recharging.

D

ANGER

:

NEVER ATTEMPT TO OPEN THE CASING OF THE DETACHABLE BATTERIES! LITHIUM-ION

BATTERIES

CAN BE DANGEROUS IF MISHANDLED!

D

ANGER

:

DO NOT INCINERATE OR HEAT BATTERY PACK ABOVE 212 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT (100

DEGREES CELSIUS). EXCESSIVE HEAT CAN CAUSE SERIOUS DAMAGE AND POSSIBLE

EXPLOSION

.

D

ANGER

:

THE BATTERIES (OR BATTERIES INSTALLED) SHALL NOT BE EXPOSED TO EXCESSIVE HEAT

SUCH

AS SUNSHINE, FIRE OR THE LIKE.

Warning:

Do not attempt to open the battery pack.

Warning:

Do not disassemble the battery pack.

Warning:

Do not charge in conditions different than specified.

Warning:

Do not use other than the specified battery charger.

Warning:

Do not short circuit the battery pack.

Warning:

Do not crush or modify the battery pack.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Charging the Batteries

Power supply requirements

31www.javad.com

2.3.1. Power supply requirements

The socket-outlet shall be installed near the equipment and shall be easily accessible.
A single external power supply with 5 pin ODU connector or SAE connector is necessary to

operate the ALPHA receiver. If external power supply has only SAE connector, Receiver-to-SAE
power cable shall be used. The external power supply needs to be Listed for US and Certified for
EU countries, it needs also to be a Limited Power Source and rated for Outdoor Use and have an
output rated for +7...40 V DC, 3A. This may not be the same range as other JAVAD GNSS
products with which you are familiar.

C

AUTION

:

To avoid the introduction of hazards when operating and installing, before connecting of the
equipment to the supply, make sure that the supply meets local and national safety ordi­nances and matches the equipment’s voltage and current requirements.

C

AUTION

:

Never attempt any maintenance or cleaning of the supply while plugged in. Always remove
supply from AC power before attempting service or cleaning.

Warning:

If the voltage supplied is below the minimum specification, the receiver will suspend operation. If the
voltage supplied is above the maximum specification, the receiver may be permanently damaged,
voiding your warranty.

Make sure cords are located so that will not be stepped on, tripped over, or otherwise sub­jected to damage or stress. Do not operate equipment with a damaged cord or plug –
replace immediately . To reduce the risk of damage to the equipment, pull by the plug body
rather than the output cord when disconnecting the equipment.

Do not operate the supply if it has receiv ed a sharp blow, been dropped, or otherwise dam­aged. Do not disassemble the supply.

Warning:

Before connecting the external power source and the receiver, make sure that the power source
matches the receiver’s voltage and current requirements.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Powering the Receiver
Power supply requirements

32 www.javad.com

2.4. Powering the Receiver

Figure 2-2. Powering ALPHA

To check the status of the internal batteries, view the BAT LED on the receiver’s front panel.

• Check the BAT LEDs for battery status. If the recei v er is on and uses the battery power the
BAT LED blinks every 4 seconds:

– A green light indicates greater than 90% charge.
– An orange light indicates an intermediate charge.
– A red light indicates less than 15% charge.
– No light receiver is off.

By battery charging if the receiver is on and DC power supply is connected the BAT LED flashes
every second. The LED light indicates the same as described above.

If the battery is full charged and the receiver is connected to DC power supply the BAT LED is
solid green.

To charge the receiver internal batteries, take the following steps:

• Plug the Receiver-to-SAE cable’s 5-pin connector into the power port of the receiver
(labeled PWR).

• Connect the opposite end of this cable with the battery charger’s SAE connector.

• Plug the appropriate end of the power supply-to-outlet cable into the battery charger.

• Plug the other end of this cable into an AC outlet.

• Turn off the receiver by pressing and holding the power key for more than one and less
than four seconds.

• Leave overnight.

Receiver-to-SAE cable

Power supply
SAE connector

AC outlet

Power supply-to-

outlet cable

To PW R m arked p o rt

Pre-measuring Preparation

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

Turning On/Off the Receiver

33www.javad.com

2.4.1. Turning On/Off the Receiver

To turn ON the receiver, press and hold the power button until the LEDs briefly flash. T o turn OFF
the receiver, press and hold the power key for more than one and less than four seconds (until both
the STAT and the REC LEDs are off).

This delay (about 1 second) will prevent the receiver from being turned off by mistake.

2.5. Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

JAVAD GNSS TriVU software provides an interface for various configuration, monitoring, and
management functions for the receiver.

To configure, manage files, or maintain the receiver, connect th e receiver and a computer using
one of the following methods and start TriVU:

• a Bluetooth®-enabled external device (computer/controller)

• an RS232 cable and a computer/controller

• a USB cable and a computer/controller with the JAVAD GNSS USB driver installed

Once you have established a connection between the receiver and the computer/controller, you
will be able to configure the receiver and its components, send commands to the receiver,
download f iles from the receiver’s memory; as well as, upload new firmware, upload an OAF, and
upload configuration files to a receiver, using TriVU.

2.5.1. Establishing a Wireless Connection

The ALPHA receiver contains Bluetooth® wireless technology that allows file transfer and
synchronization between the receiver and any other external device that supports Bluetooth

®

wireless technology; for example, an IPAQ, or a computer with USB-to-Bluetooth® adapter or
PCMCA-to-Bluetooth

®

adapter installed.

Note: Changing the receiver’s Port E default settings will affect the Bluetooth® link. The default

settings for Port E are 115200 bps, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, and no handshaking.

The ALPHA receiver and external devic e connection procedure varies slightly depending on the
type of external device used. In general, the connection procedure is as follows:

Note:

Refer to your Bluetooth®-enabled external device documentation for more detailed connection
information.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer
Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection

34 www.javad.com

1. Turn on a Bluetooth®-enabled external device and your receiver. The default external
device mode is Master; the receiver’s Bluetooth® module mode is Slave.

2. Instruct the external device (Master) to search for the receiver (Slave).

3. Once the Master device detects the receiver, use the procedure described in the external
device’s documentation to connect it with the receiver.

4. Connect to the desired configuration software (TriVU).

2.5.2. Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection

5. Using the RS232 cable, connect the serial port of your computer (usually COM1) to the
receiver’s serial port A.

6. Press the power buttons on the receiver and computer to turn them on.

7. Connect to the desired configuration software (TriVU).

2.5.3. Establishing a USB Cable Connection

Make sure the computer has J AVAD GNSS’s USB dri v er for ALPHA recei vers installed (a v ailable
from www.javad.com) before continuing, and you have the proper USB cable to connect
ALPHA’s USB port to your PC USB port.

1. The driver installation procedure varies slightly depending on the operating system used.
In general, the installation procedure is as follows:

Visit the JAVAD GNSS website (http://www.javad.com) and download the USB driver.
Unpack the archive into a separate, empty folder.

2. Connect the receiver to the computer through the supplied USB cable. Turn the receiver
on.

3. Windows will automatically detect the new hardware device. Found New Hardware
Wizard will start.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

Establishing a USB Cable Connection

35www.javad.com

• Select No, not this time, and click Next (Figure 2-3).

Figure 2-3. New Hardware Wizard - Step 1

• Select Install from a list of specific location and click Next (Figure 2-4).

Figure 2-4. New Hardware Wizard - Step 2

Pre-measuring Preparation

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer
Establishing a USB Cable Connection

36 www.javad.com

• Select the USB driver folder and click Next (Figure 2-5).

Figure 2-5. Selecting folder with USB driver

• Select Continue Anyway (Figure 2-6)

Figure 2-6. Warning

4. Repeat all these steps to install driver for virtual serial port. Follow the on-screen
instructions to finish installation process.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

Establishing a USB Cable Connection

37www.javad.com

5. After Windows finishes installing the driver, you will be able to connect the receiver and
the computer via USB ports

6. Connect to the TriVU, select the new generated COM-port from the list and click OK
(Figure 2-7):

Figure 2-7. Connection Parameters

Pre-measuring Preparation

Bluetooth® Module Configuration
Establishing a USB Cable Connection

38 www.javad.com

2.6. Bluetooth® Module Configuration

To access the Bluetooth® wireless technology module:

1. Connect computer and the receiver, as described in “Connecting the Receiver and a
Computer” on page 33.

2. Start TriVU. Select the COM port and click Ok (Figure 2-8).

Figure 2-8. Connection Parameters

3. Click ConfigurationReceiver (Figure 2-9).

Figure 2-9. Configuration->Receiver

4. In the Ports tab select the BLT subtab (Figure 2-10).

• Name - The name of the receiver’s Bluetooth® module. Here the user can enter an
arbitrary string comprising up to 14 characters.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides

Establishing a USB Cable Connection

39www.javad.com

• PIN - Personal Identification Number (PIN) of the Bluetooth® module. The user can enter
up to 16 characters. By default PIN is 1234.

Figure 2-10. BLT subtab

5. Click Apply and then Exit.

6. Click FileDisconnect, and then FileExit to quit TriVU. Disconnecting before exiting
ensures proper port management.

2.7. Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides

Each satellite broadcasts a navigation message that includes the ephemeris parameters of the
satellite, the almanac, and various other information. The ephemeris parameters describe the
orbital motion of the satellite and are used to predict its location/trajectory. Th e almanac gives the
approximate orbit (course) for the transmitting satellite and all other satellites in the same system
only.

• GPS and GLONASS satellites broadcast ephemeris data cyclically, with a period of 30
seconds.

• GPS satellites broadcast almanac data cyclically with a period of 12.5 minutes;
GLONASS satellites broadcast almanac data cyclically with a period of 2.5 minutes.

If the receiver has an almanac, you can considerably reduce the time needed to search for and lock
on to satellite signals.

The receiver regularly updates the almanac and ephemerides and stores the most recent versions
in its Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM).

1. Set up the receiver in a location with a clear view of the sky.

2. Turn on the receiver.

3. Wait for about 15 minutes while the receiver collects complete almanac and ephemeris
data from the satellites.

You will need to collect or update the almanac and ephemerides under the following
circumstances:

• If the receiver has been off for a long time.

• If the last known receiver position, stored in the NVRAM, is different from the present
position by several hundred kilometers.

Pre-measuring Preparation

Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides
Establishing a USB Cable Connection

40 www.javad.com

• After loading a new OAF.

Note: If 15 minutes have passed and the receiver does not lock on to satellites, clear the NVRAM. See

for details.

• After loading new firmware.

• After clearing the NVRAM.

• Before measuring.

Chapter 3

41www.javad.com

CONFIGURATION

Both Base and Rover receivers must be configured according to the desired measuring method.

• In applications where real-time positioning results are required, the Base receiv er provides
the correction information needed to properly calculate the location of the Rover receiver.
A Base station is normally set up over a known point and collects GPS/GLONASS data
from satellites. As the receiver picks up satellite data, it measures the carrier and code
phases to accurately compute and verify its location. Then, the receiver transmits this
information via radio to the Rover receiver.

• The Rover receiver applies correction information from the Base station to its current
location to accurately calculate one or more points. Rovers are mobile GNSS receivers
that compares the information from the Base station to the data it logs from satellites and
applies correction algorithms to accurately calculate a new point.

• In applications intended for post-processing, the receivers typically log code phase and/or
carrier phase measurements separately from common satellites and during the same time
interval. This data is then processed using post-processing software (for example, Justin).

When configuring receivers for RTK measuring, use the following list to ensure the receivers are
properly set up:

• Perform pre-measuring preparation as described in Chapter 2.

• Configure one receiver as an RTK Base station and the other receiver as an RTK Rover.
See “Configuring the Receiver” on page 51.

• Configure the communication data link for transmitting and receiving corrections. See
“Configuring the GSM module for Point-to-Point radio link” on page 44 and “Conf iguring
the GSM module for Internet access” on page 46.

• Set up the Base receiver over a known point to begin collecting static observ ation data and
transmitting corrections. Set up the Rover receiver to begin collecting RTK data. See
“Receiver Setup” on page 65 for more information.

When configuring receivers for post-processing measuring, use the following list to ensure the
receivers are properly set up:

• Perform pre-measuring functions as described in Chapter 2.

Configuration

Configuring the Internal GSM Module

42 www.javad.com

• Configure one receiver as a Base station and the other receiver as a Rover. See
“Configuring the Receiver” on page 51.

• Set up the Base receiver o v er a known point to begin collecting static observation data. Set
up the Rover receiver to begin collecting static or kinematic observation data. See
“Receiver Setup” on page 65 for more information.

3.1. Configuring the Internal GSM Module

ModemVU is JAVAD GNSS’s configuration utility for modems embedded in JAVAD GNSS
receivers. ModemVU provides the following functions:

• Connecting a computer to an integrated GSM module via a serial port.

• Displaying information about the module installed in the receiver.

• Programming the GSM module’s settings.

See the ModemVU Software Manual available on the JAVAD GNSS website for details on
configuring the receiver with an internal GSM radio modem.

For JAVAD GNSS receiver, the integrated GSM radio modem provides TX/RX communications
between a Base and Rover. To configure a GSM module, have the following ready:

• Computer running Windows®;

• ModemVU Software installed on the computer;

• A serial cable;

1. Connect the computer and receiver. Turn on the receiver.

2. Start ModemVU.

Configuration

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3. Select the radio type ALPHA (Figure 3-1), and click OK:

Figure 3-1. Options window

4. Select the COM port the receiver is connected to (Figure 3-2 on page 43). Click Connect.

Figure 3-2. Connect to ModemVU

Configuration

Configuring the Internal GSM Module
Configuring the GSM module for Point-to-Point radio link

44 www.javad.com

3.1.1. Configuring the GSM module for Point-to-Point radio link

Note: To comply with RF exposure requirements, maintain at least 20 cm between the user and the

GSM modem.

1. On the General tab, set the following parameters (Table 3-1) and click Apply (Figure 3-3
on page 44). In this tab modem and service status and possible errors are displayed.

Table 3-1. Receiver Parameters for the General Tab

Figure 3-3. General tab

2. On the Master/Slave tab, set the following parameters (Table 3-2) and click Apply
(Figure 3-3 on page 44).

Parameter Base Receiver Rover Receiver

Mode Slave Master
PIN Enter a Personal Identification Number (PIN) if required.

Configuration

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Configuring the GSM module for Point-to-Point radio link

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Table 3-2. Receiver Parameters for the Master/Slave Tab

Figure 3-4. Master/Slave tab

3. Click Apply, and then click FileDisconnect.

4. If needed, launch TriVU and set up the receiver to run as an RTK Base station.

Parameter Base Receiver Rover Receiver

Dial number Leave blank. Enter the phone number of the base GSM modem.
Send time out Enter a period of time in seconds in which the base/rover GSM modem will send a

service word to the rover/base GSM modem.

• This parameter is used to maintain reliable communication between a pair of
modems and avoid unnecessary modem reinitialization.

• To ensure reliable and secure modem communication, this parameter must be
larger then the period for transmitting differential corrections.

Configuration

Configuring the Internal GSM Module
Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

46 www.javad.com

3.1.2. Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

Note: To comply with RF exposure requirements, maintain at least 20 cm between the user and the

GSM modem.

1. On the General tab, set the following parameters (Table 3-3) and click Apply (Figure 3-5
on page 46). In this tab modem and service status and possible errors are displayed.

Table 3-3. Receiver Parameters for the General Tab

Figure 3-5. General tab

2. In the GPRS tab it is necessary to set the dial number, user name and password, access
point name and PDP context identifier to establish a GPRS connection. As usually, this
information is given by cell provider (Figure 3-6 on page 47).

PPP button opens the PPP parameters window, that allows user to set up the Point-to-Point
protocol parameters. The Point-to-Point Protocol, or PPP, is commonly used to establish a
direct connection between two nodes.

As usually, information of PPP parameters is given by Internet service provider.

Parameter Base Receiver Rover Receiver

Mode GPRS
PIN Enter a Personal Identification Number (PIN) if required.

Configuration

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Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

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Figure 3-6. GPRS tab

3. In the Service tab Main subtab specify the following parameters (Table 3-4) and click
Apply (Figure 3-7 on page 48).

Table 3-4. Receiver Parameters for the Service Tab Main Subtab

Parameter Value

Mode •OFF means service is disabled.

•RCV means that modem will receive data from another (remote)
JAVAD GNSS receiver configured as a base station. This base station
have to be connected with Internet via Ethernet or GPRS and have
static IP address.

•NTRIP are useful to provide a method to establish connection to an
NTRIP caster, request data from particular mount point, and then
receive and use the data as RTK/DGPS corrections.

•SERVER - this mode allows working with JAVAD server.

Configuration

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Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

48 www.javad.com

Figure 3-7. Service tab

4. Set up the GSM module making settings in the appropriate subtabs according selected
mode.

5. After all settings click Apply, then click FileDisconnect.

6. If needed, launch TriVU and set up the receiver to run as an RTK Base station.

TCPCL port Specify the type of incoming data to accept on the TCPCL receiver port:

•None means that the port will ignore any incoming data.

•Command - port is in command mode. Being in this mode, the
receiver's port recognizes commands sent by the user.

•Echo - echo mode.

•RTCM 2.x - RTCM 2.x input mode.

•RTCM 3.x - RTCM 3.x input mode.

•CMR/CMR+ input mode. For more information on CMR format,
please refer to ftp://ftp.trimble.com/pub/survey/cmr.

•JPS - JPS input mode. In this mode receiver is capable to recognize
both standard and non-standard JPS messages.

Parameter Value

Configuration

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Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

49www.javad.com

Settings for the RCV subtab

The RCV subtab is depicted in Figure 3-8.

Figure 3-8. RCV subtab

• IP address - IP address of base station.

• Port - base station’s port

• Login - designation of base station’s TCP port (A, B, C, D, E or empty).

• Password - password of base station.

IP address, Port, Login, and Password are the parameters of other receiver, configured as a base
station and connected with Internet via Ethernet or GPRS.

The description of these parameters exceeds the scope of this document, see TriVU Software
Manual, available from http:///www.javad.com, for detailed information of base station’s
configuration and Ethernet and TCP port settings.

Settings for the NTRIP subtab

The NTRIP subtab is depicted in Figure 3-9:

Figure 3-9. NTRIP subtab

• IP address - The value of this field should match the IP address of the NTRIP caster to
use.

Configuration

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Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

50 www.javad.com

• Port - The value of this field should match the IP port the NTRIP caster is listening on for
connections.

• User - This parameter specifies user ID for the protected space of the requested mount
point.Only basic authentication scheme is supported. If empty, no user or password values
will be sent to the NTRIP caster .

• Password - This field specifies the password for the protected space of the requested
mount point. Only basic authentication scheme is supported.

As usually, this information is given by NTRIP service provider.

• NMEA - this box allows using appropriate parameter to receive/no receive the GGA
messages for NTRIP caster:

• -1 – receiver will not send NMEA GGA messages to NTRIP caster.

• 0 – receiver will send NMEA GGA message to NTRIP caster only once after connection
to the caster is established.

• [1…86400] – receiver will send NMEA GGA messages to the NTRIP caster periodically,
every specified number of seconds.

Mountpoint drop-down list box allows to select the necessary mount point from the list. This
drop-down list box specifies the mount point of the NTRIP caster to get data from. The detailed
information about each mount point it is possible to obtain and view clicking the Source Table
button.

The description of these parameters exceeds the scope of this document, see ModemVU Software
Manual, available from http:///www.javad.com for detailed information.

Settings for the SERVER subtab

The Server subtab allows user to setup parameters to establish connection with JAVAD server
(Figure 3-10).

Figure 3-10. SERVER subtab

• IP address - The value of this field should match the IP address of the Javad Server to use.

• Port - The value of this field should match the IP port the Javad Server is listening on for
connections.

When finished, click FileDisconnect.

Configuration

Configuring the Receiver

Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

51www.javad.com

3.2. Configuring the Receiver

The ALPHA receiver can be configured in several ways for collecting data for RTK or post­processing.

• A static Base station collects measurement information and saves this data to its internal
memory.

• An RTK Base station collects measurement information, determines differential
corrections, and transmits them to the RTK Rover(s).

• A static Rover collects observation data from the same satellites during the same time
interval as the static Base station.

• An RTK Rover collects measurement information and accepts corrections from the RTK
Base station to compute its relative position.

• A Rover acting as a repeater to re-transmit RTK Base station measurements to other rover
receivers, extending the range of a GPS system.

To configure, manage files, or maintain the receiver, connect th e receiver and a computer using
one of the following methods, and start TriVU:

• use a Bluetooth®-enabled external device (computer)

• use an RS232 cable

• use a USB cable and a computer with the J AVAD GNSS USB driver installed (av ailable on
the JAVAD GNSS website)

TriVU is a software used to manage the various functions of your receiver. The full range of
TriVU configuration and function is outside the scope of this manual. For more information on
any of the procedures in this section or on TriVU, refer to the TriVU Software Manual avail a b le
on the JAVAD GNSS website.

TriVU configures the various parts of the receiver, saving the settings in the receiver’s memory.
These settings will be reflected when you use the TriPad.

Once you have established a connection between the receiver and the computer, you will be able to:

• configure the receiver and its components

• send commands to the receiver

• download files from the receiver’s memory

• load a new OAF and other configuration files to a receiver

• load new firmware

Configuration

Configuring the Receiver
Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

52 www.javad.com

The following Base and Rover configurations are recommended for the most common
applications. However, you can select configuration parameters as needed for your particular
jobsite.

Note: Do not make other changes without consulting the TriVU Software Manual.

1. Connect the receiver and computer as described in “Connecting the Receiver and a
Computer” on page 33.

2. Start TriVU. Select the COM port and click Ok (Figure 3-11).

Figure 3-11. Connection Parameters

3. Click ConfigurationReceiver.

Note: Click Apply after making any configuration change; otherwise, the receiver will not register the

change.

Configuration

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Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

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4. In the General tab click Set all parameters to defaults and set up the antenna parameter:
Auto or External, when external antenna is used.(Figure 3-12).

Figure 3-12. Set all parameters to defaults

5. Click the MinPad tab and configure the following settings (Table 3-5), then click Apply
(Figure 3-13 on page 54).

For all MinPad settings see “TriPad Configuration” on page 59.

Table 3-5. Receiver Parameters for the MinPad Tab

Parameter Base Receiver Rover Receiver

Recording interval Enter 15 seconds.
Elevation mask angle Enter 15 degrees.
File name prefix Enter a unique ID, such as the last 3 digits of

receiver’s serial number.

Configuration

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Figure 3-13. Configure Receiver Positioning – MinPad for data recording

6. Click the Positioning tab and set the Elevation mask to 15 (Figure 3-14), then click Apply.

Figure 3-14. Configure Receiver Positioning – Elevation Mask

7. For the Base receiver, click the Base tab and set the following parameters (Figure 3-15 on
page 55), then click Apply.

• GPS/GLO at one time – enable

Configuration

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55www.javad.com

• Antenna position – enter Lat, Lon, and Alt values using one of the following methods:
– If known, type in the values.
– Enable Averaged and enter the Averaged Span in seconds, then click Apply. Click

ToolsReset receiver and wait until the specified interval (span) completes. Examine
the Base coordinates on the Base tab, they should correspond to the coordinates
obtained from the average. Click Refresh if the coordinates are zeros.

– Click Get from receiver.

Figure 3-15. Base Configuration

8. For the Rover receiver, click the Rover tab and set the following parameters, then click
Apply (Figure 3-16 on page 56).

• Positioning Mode – For post-processed measurings, select Standalone; for RTK
measurings, select RTK float or RTK fixed.

• RTK Parameters, RTK mode – select either Extrapolation for RTK float (kinematic) or
Delay for RTK fixed (static).

– Extrapolation is for low-latency, high frequency output (>= 5 Hz) RTK applications.
The Rover will extrapolate the Base station’s carrier phase measurement corrections
when computing the Rover's current RTK position. This setting (extrapolation) is
recommended.

– Delay is for 1 Hz high precision RTK applications. The Rover RTK engine will
compute either a delayed RTK position (for the epoch to which the newly received
RTCM/CMR message corresponds) or the current standalone position (while waiting
for new RTCM/CMR messages coming from the base).

Configuration

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56 www.javad.com

• RTK Parameters, Dynamics – select Static or Kinematic.

• RTK Parameters, Ambiguity fixing level – (not applicable to RTK Float) select either Low,
Medium, or High for indicator states of 95%, 99.5%, or 99.9%, respectively. The RTK
engine uses the ambiguity fix indicator when making decisions whether or not to fix
ambiguities. The higher the specified confidence level, the longer the integer ambiguity
search time.

Figure 3-16. Rover Configuration

9. For RTK measurings, click the Ports tab and set the following port parameters for the
serial port (Table 3-6), then click Apply (Figure 3-17 on page 57).

Note: For post-processed measurings, keep the default values for these parameters.

Table 3-6. Receiver Parameters for the Ports Tab

Parameter Base Receiver Rover Receiver

Input n/a (Leave the default.) Select the same differential

correction format selected for the
Base.

Output Select the type and format of

differential corrections.

Select “None”.

Period (sec) Enter the interval at which the

receiver will transmit differential
corrections.

n/a (Leave the default.)

Configuration

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Figure 3-17. Base and Rover Configuration for RTK measurings – Ports

10. Click the Advanced tab and then the Multipath tab. Set the following parameters and click
Apply (Figure 3-18 on page 58).

• Code multipath reduction – enable

Baud rate Select a baud rate to use for transmitting differential messages from

the receiver board to the modem module.
The baud rate must match the modem’s serial port speed.

RTS/CTS Select to enable handshaking.

Parameter Base Receiver Rover Receiver

Configuration

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• Carrier multipath reduction – enable

Figure 3-18. Configure Mulitpath Parameters

11. Click OK to save the settings and close the dialog box. Once the receiver is configured,
the configuration will remain until you change it using TriVU or clearing the NVRAM.
For more details on the settings available for configuring the Base and Rover receivers,
refer to the TriVU Software Manual.

12. Continue with other configuration activities or click FileDisconnect, then FileExit to
quit TriVU. Disconnecting before exiting ensures proper port management.

Note: Disconnect the receiver from TriVU before exiting to eliminate possible conflicts with the

management of the computer’s serial ports.

Configuration

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3.3. TriPad Configuration

The ALPHA’s simple user interface (TriPad) consists of two keys (Power and FN) and two LEDs
that control and display the receiver’s operation (Figure 3-19).

Figure 3-19. The ALPHA TriPad

The TriPad performs numerous functions:

• Turn the receiver on/off.

• Turn data recording on or off (FN key).

• Show the status of satellites being tracked (STAT LED).

• Show data recording status (REC LED).

• Show each time data records to internal memory (REC LED).

• Show the status of post-processing mode (static or dynamic) when performing a Post­Processing Kinematic measuring with the help of FN key (REC LED).

You use TriVU to configure TriPad settings. Refer to the TriVU Software Manual for all possible
TriPad configurations.

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 33 for this procedure.

FN button

REC LED

ON/OFF

button

STAT LED

Configuration

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2. Start TriVU. Select the COM port and click Ok (Figure 3-11).

Figure 3-20. Connection Parameters

3. Click the ConfigurationReceiver and open the TriPad tab. Set the following parameters
and click Apply. See the following pages for descriptions of these parameters.

• Recording interval on page 61.

• Elevation mask for log file on page 61.

• File name prefix on page 61.

• Always append to the file on page 62.

• Files Creation mode on page 62.

• Automatic File Rotation Mode (AFRM) on page 62.

Configuration

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• Data recording auto-start on page 63.

Figure 3-21. Receiver Configuration – TriPad tab

Recording Interval parameter

This parameter specifies the message output interval into the log fi le when the TriPad FN key
(pressed for1-5 seconds) activates data logging. This setting is used not only when logging a
single log file, but also when logging receiver data in AFRM mode. Values are 1-86400 seconds.

The default value is one second.

Elevation Mask for Log File parameter

This parameter specifies the minimum elevation angle for the satellites whose data will be put in
the receiver files logged when pressing FN.

The default value is five degrees.

File Name Prefix parameter

This parameter specifies what prefix will be added to the names of the receiver files created when
pressing FN. The prefix can be up to 20 characters long.

The default value is log.
Log file names have the following structure:

<prefix><month><day><sequential alphabet letter>

Configuration

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The file name depends on both the file creation time (month and day) and additional letter suffixes
to avoid confusion between files created on the same day.

Always Append to the File parameter

If you want the new recei v er data to be appended to an e xisting log file, enter the desired filename
in this parameter. The setting can be up to 20 characters long.

Files Creation Mode parameter

This parameter has two possible operation modes:

• Log file - If the log file radio button has been selected, pressing the FN key will result in
closing the current log file. If data logging is off, pressing FN will open a new log file.

• AFRM - If AFRM radio button has been selected, pressing FN will enable this mode. If
AFRM has been enabled, pressing FN will disable this mode.

Automatic File Rotation Mode (AFRM) parameters

JAVAD GNSS receivers are capable of automatically rotating log files. During a “file
rotation” event, the receiver closes the current file and opens a new one according to a user­defined schedule. The Period and Phase parameters specify this schedule. File rotation
launches the moment the receiver time module Period is equal to Phase. More precisely, a
new log file opens immediately before the scheduled epoch causing data tagged with this
epoch to be recorded to the new log file.

When opening a new log file, the receiver enables the default set of messages outputted
with the default output period. Both the default set of messages and the default output
period are programmable.

• Period - specifies the time duration of each log file created in AFRM mode.

• Values are 60 to 86400 seconds. The default value is 3600 seconds.

• Phase - specifies the “phase” (constant time shift) of creating multiple log files in AFRM
mode.

• Values are 0 to 86400 seconds. The default value is zero seconds.

• Files (total) - a counter that specifies how many multiple log files must be created in
AFRM until this mode automatically turns off. This counter decrements on every file
rotation until it value becomes zero, then file rotation automatically stops. The counter
initializes with AFRM.

Configuration

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Note that a log file opens immediately after turning AFRM on. This startup file is not
considered a file rotation event; the AFRM counter will not decrement.

Values are 0 to [231-1]. The default value is 0 (zero). Zero means that an unlimited number
of log files will be created.

• Files (remain) - specifies the number of files left for the receiver to create in AFRM.

• Values are 0 to [231-1]. The default value is zero.

• Automatically remove old files - when no free memory is available to log data,
automatically removes the earliest log file. If this parameter is enabled, your
receiver will erase the file with the earliest file creation time/date. AFRM must be
enabled to use this FIFO (First-In, First-Out) feature.

• The default value is off (disabled).

Data Recording Auto-start parameter

These radio buttons allow you to program your receiver's behavior in the event of a power failure.
Table below gives the different scenarios available and the results after power is restored to

the receiver. “Specified file” refers to the file name entered in the Always append to file
parameter.

Before Power Failure

Enabled Radio Button Results

Off On Always

1
Receiver data logged to
file specified.

Data logging will not
resume when po wer is
restored.

Receiver will resume
data logging to the
same file when power
is restored.

Receiver will resume data
logging to the
same file when power is
restored.

2
Receiver data logged
to default file.

Data logging will not
resume when po wer is
restored.

A new log file will
open when power is
restored and data will
log to this file.

A new log file will open when
power is restored and data will
log to this file.

3
File specified; receiver
data logging not started.

No file will open with
this name.
Data logging will not
start when power is
restored.

No file will open with
this name.
Data logging will not
start when power is
restored.

A log file with this name will
open and data logging will start
after power is restored.

4
No file specified;
receiver data logging off.

Data logging will not
start when power is
restored.

Data logging will not
start when power is
restored.

A log file with a default name
will open and data logging will
start after power is restored.

Configuration

TriPad Configuration
Configuring the GSM module for Internet access

64 www.javad.com

Also, if

Always

is enabled, your receiver will automatically start logging data (to a ne wly created or

an existing file) in the following three cases:

• After pressing the Power key to turn on the receiver.

• After resetting the receiver (with TriVU).

• After taking the receiver out of Sleep Mode.

Chapter 4

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SETUP AND MEASURING

After configuring the receivers for measuring, each receiver needs to be setup up and the
receiver’s height measured and the measuring can begin. The TriPad provides quick access for
logging data, changing receiver modes, and vie wing general data logging and satellite information
during a measuring.

4.1. Receiver Setup

A typical GPS measuring system consists of a Base station set up over a kno wn point and a Rover
receiver set up to be a mobile data collector. After setting up the Base and Rover receivers, the
antenna height must be measured.

Before collecting data, make sure the Base and Rover receivers contain a current almanac and
current ephemeris data (see “Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page 39).

4.1.1. Set up Receiver

The Base station must be set up, logging data, and transmitting data before setting up the Rover
receiver. Receiver setup for either post-process or RTK measurings is the same.

To set up the Base receiver:

1. Place the ALPHA receiver’s external GNSS antenna on the appropriate position.

2. Center the receiver’s external antenna over the point at which data will be collected. For
most applications, this should be at a location with a clear view of the sky.

To set up the Rover receiver:

1. Attach the ALPHA external antenna to the bipod/range pole. Make sure the antenna locks
into place.

Setup and Measuring

Receiver Setup
Measure Antenna Height

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4.1.2. Measure Antenna Height

The location of the antenna relative to the point being measured is very important for both
measurings in which the elevation of the points is important and in measurings for horizontal
location only. Horizontal measurings are often larger in area than can reliably fit on a flat plane,
therefore the antenna adjustment must be done in three dimensions and then projected onto a two
dimensional plane.

The receiver calculates the coordinates of the antenna’s phase center. To determine the
coordinates of the station marker, the user must specify the following:

• Measured height of the antenna above the station marker

• Method of measuring the antenna height

• Model of the antenna used

Antennas have two types of measurements:

• Vertical – measured from the marker to the antenna reference point (ARP) located on the
bottom of the receiver at the base of the mounting threads.

• Slant – measured from the marker to the lower edge of the antenna slant height measure
mark (SHMM) located on both end panels of the receiver.

The point to which measuring with GNSS measures is called the Phase Center of the antenna.
This is analogous to the point at which a distance meter measures in a prism. A user must enter the
prism offset to compensate for this point not being at a physical surface of the prism. For a GNSS
antenna, the offset is entered depending on the type of measurement taken.

• For vertical, the offset is simply added to the measured vertical height to produce a “true”
vertical height.

• For slant height, the vertical height must f irst be calculated using the radius of the antenna,
then the offset can be added.

The offsets are different because of the difference in location between the slant measuring point
and the vertical measuring point.

1. Measure the antenna height above the control point or marker, either the slant height or the
vertical height.

2. Record the antenna height, point name, and start time in the field notes.

Setup and Measuring

Receiver Setup

External Antenna Setup

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4.1.3. External Antenna Setup

The ALPHA receiver can be used with an external antenna. Follow the steps below to connect an
external antenna to ALPHA and measure its offset.

1. Attach the antenna to a tripod or bipod and center it over the point at which data will be
collected.

2. Measure the antenna height, as described in “Measure Antenna Height” on page 66.

3. Record the antenna height, point name, and start time in the field notes.

4. Attach the flexible RF cable from the external antenna to the antenna connector on the
front panel of the receiver.

The ALPHA antenna default is se t to

Auto

, allowing the receiver to detect automatically the available

antenna (whether internal or external).
If you have changed this setting, or the receiver does not detect the external antenna, use the

procedure described on page 53 to set the External Antenna detection option.

4.1.4. Collect Data

See the remaining sections in this chapter for more information on collecting data.

1. Turn on the receiver.

2. Once the receiver has locked on to eight or more satellites the STAT light will green.

3. A red color of POS LED indicates that the receiver has not solved a position. Four or more
satellites provide optimal positioning.

4. Once the red POS LED is green, the receiver has a position and measuring can be gin; w ait
for green light before beginning data collection. This ensures that the receiver has the
correct date and time, and is locked on to enough satellites to ensure good quality data.

The process of locking on to satellites normally takes less than one minute. In a new area,
under heavy tree canopy, or after resetting the receiver, it may take several minutes.

5. To begin collecting data, press and hold the FN key (for more than one second and less
than five seconds).

6. Release the FN key when the REC (recording) LED turns green. This indicates that a file
has opened and data collection has started. The REC LED blinks each time data is saved to
the internal memory.

7. When finished, press and hold the FN key until the REC LED light goes out.

8. To turn off the receiver, press and hold the power key until all lights go out, then release.

Setup and Measuring

TriPad Operation
Collect Data

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4.2. TriPad Operation

The TriPad is the receiver’s minimum interface used to display and control data input and output.
See the description of the TriPad on page 21.

To turn on/off the receiver, press the On/Off button (Figure ).

• When turning on, press the On/Off button until the TriPad’s LEDs briefly flash.

• When turning off, press the On/Off button until the LEDs go out, then release.

To start/stop logging data, press the FN button for 1–5 seconds (Figure ).

• During data recording, the REC LED is green. Use TriVU to set the recording time
interval. See “Recording Interval parameter” on page 61 for details.

• The REC LED blinks green each time data is written to the memory.

• If the REC LED is red, the receiver has run out of memory, has a hardware problem, or
contains an improper OAF (see “Option Authorization File (OAF)” on page 26 for more
information).

Use TriVU to enable the desired FN ke y mode in the recei ver, either “LED blink mode switch” for
static measurings or “Occupation mode switch” for kinematic measurings. See “Data Recording
Auto-start parameter” on page 63 for details.

Each time you turn off or on data recording, either a new f ile opens or data appends to a particular
file. See “Always Append to the File parameter” on page 62 and “Files Creation Mode parameter”
on page 62 for information on setting these functions.

To toggle between post-processing modes, press the FN button for less than 1 second when
“Occupation mode switch” has been enabled using TriVU.

To change the information mode of the receiver, press the FN button for less than 1 second when
“LED blink mode switch” has been enabled using TriVU.

To change the baud rate of the receiver’s serial port, press the FN button for 5–8 seconds. This is
useful if the data collector does not support the rate that the receiver port is set to. After about fiv e
seconds, the REC LED becomes red. Release the FN button during the next three seconds.

Setup and Measuring

Static Measuring for Base Stations

Collect Data

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4.3. Static Measuring for Base Stations

Static measuring is the classic measuring method, well suited for all kinds of baselines (short,
medium, long). At least two receiver antennas, plumbed over measuring marks, simultaneously
collect raw data at each end of a baseline during a certain period of time. These two receivers
track four or more common satellites, have a common data logging rate (5–30 seconds), and the
same elevation mask angles. The length of the observation sessions can vary from a few minutes
to several hours. The optimal observation session length depends on the measurings’s experience
as well as the following factors:

• The length of the baseline measured

• The number of satellites in view

• The satellite geometry (DOP)

• The antenna’s location

• The ionospheric activity level

• The types of receivers used

• The accuracy requirements

• The necessity of resolving carrier phase ambiguities

Generally, single-frequency receivers are used for baselines whose lengths do not exceed 15
kilometers (9.32 miles). For baselines of 15 kilometers or greater, use dual-frequency receivers.

Dual-frequency receivers have two major benefits. First, dual frequency receivers can estimate
and remove almost all ionospheric effect from the code and carrier phase measurements,
providing much greater accuracy than single-frequency receivers over long baselines or during
ionospheric storms. Secondly , dual -frequenc y receivers need far less observation time to reach the
desired accuracy requirement.

After the measuring completes, data the receivers collect can be downloaded onto a computer and
processed using post-processing software (for example, JAVAD GNSS Justin).

4.4. Kinematic (Stop & Go) Measuring for Rover Stations

In a kinematic, stop and go measuring, the stationary receiver (Base station) is set up at a known
point such as a measuring monument, or an unknown point. The receiver continually tracks
satellites and logs raw data into its memory. The Rover receiver is set up at an unknown point and
collects data in static mode for 2 to 10 minutes. When finished, assign the Rover to kinematic
status and move to the next measuring point. At this point, and each subsequent point, the recei v er

Setup and Measuring

Real Time Kinematic Measuring
Collect Data

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is changed to static mode to collect data. So, while moving, the Rover is in kinematic mode, and
while collecting data, the Rover is in static mode.

1. Set up the Rover at an unknown point and press power. Allow the Rover to collect static
data for two to ten minutes. The REC LED will be yellow.

2. Check the STAT light for satellites tracked.

3. When finished, press the FN button for less than 1 second to assign the Rover to
kinematic.

4. Move the Rover to the next location (measuring point), and press the FN button for less
than a second to collect the data in static mode for two to ten minutes.

5. Repeat steps five and six until all points have been measured. The occupation time for the
points depends on the same factors as for the static measuring method.

6. When finished, press the FN button for one to five seconds to stop logging data. Turn off
the Rover if needed. This method of GNSS measuring allows the operator to reduce the
point occupation time, thus permitting field crews to measuring many more points
compared to the other methods available.

Note: Remember, if the REC LED blinks green, the current mode is dynamic, if it blinks yellow, the

current mode is static.

4.5. Real Time Kinematic Measuring

With RTK measuring, as with kinematic measuring described above, one receiver serves as the
reference station and conducts observations with its antenna affixed to a stationary tripod or some
other device. The other receiver functions as a rover and conducts observations (using an antenna)
affixed to a mobile pole and moved to observation points.

Unlike post-processed kinematic measurings, RTK measurings utilize a communications link
between the Base and Rover. Using a radio modem link, the Base receiver transmits its
measurement and location data to the Rover receiver. The Rover, based on the transmitted data
and its own observation data, immediately conducts a baseline analysis and outputs the results.
For specific settings used in RTK measurings, see “Configuring the Internal GSM Module” on
page 42 and “Configuring the Receiver” on page 51.

Usually, the receiver will start to output the coordinates of the antenna’s phase center along with
the solution type within 10–30 seconds. Howev e r, GSM phones may take as long as 60 seconds to
synchronize.

The geodetic coordinates displayed on the Location tab are always computed in WGS84 and have
four solution types.

Setup and Measuring

Real Time Kinematic Measuring

Collect Data

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• Standalone – where the receiver computes 3D coordinates in autonomous mode without
using differential corrections.

• Code differential – where the Rover receiver computes the current relative coordinate in
differential mode using only pseudo ranges.

• RTK float – where the Rover receiver computes the current relative coordinates in
differential mode using both pseudo ranges and phases; however, with a float solution, the
phase ambiguity is not a fixed integer number and the “float” estimate is used instead.

• RTK fixed – where the Rover receiver computes current relative coordinates, with
ambiguity fixing, in differential mode. The LQ field reflects the status of the received
differential messages and contains the following information:

• Data link quality in percentage

• Time (in seconds) elapsed since the last received message

• Total number of received correct messages (dependent on the message type received)

• Total number of received corrupt messages (dependent on the message type received)

If the receiver is not (for some reason) recei ving dif ferential corrections, or if none of the ports has
been configured to receiv e dif ferential corrections, the LQ f ield will e ither be empty or it will look
like this: 100%(999,0000,0000).

Setup and Measuring

Real Time Kinematic Measuring
Collect Data

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Chapter 5

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RECEIVER AND FILE
MAINTENANCE

If post-processing the data after completing a measuring, the data in the receiver’s memory will
need to be downloaded to a computer.

Downloading and deleting files will also prepare the receiver’s memory for the next measuring.
Occasionally, the receiver’s NVRAM may need to be cleared to eliminate communication or
tracking problems.

As project expectations expand, the receiver’s OAF may need to be updated to provide expanded
operation and functionality. The receiver requires firmware to properly operate and provide
appropriate functionality. As JAVA D GNSS releases firmware updates, loading these updates into
the receiver will ensure that the receiver operates at its full potential.

5.1. Downloading Files to a Computer

When your measuring finishes, you can download your measuring files to a computer for storage,
post-processing, or backup. Also, the ALPHA memory holds a finite amount of files and
information, so downloading the files to a computer ensures that no files are lost.

You should download files as soon as possible after collecting data at the jobsite. TriVU provides
a File Manager to download files to your computer and delete files from the receiver ALPHA.

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 33 for this procedure.

Receiver and File Maintenance

Downloading Files to a Computer

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2. Start TriVU. Select the COM port and click Ok (Figure 5-1).

Figure 5-1. Connection Parameters

3. Click File File Manager, then click the Download path tab on the File Manager dialog
box.

4. Navigate to or create (using the Create button) the folder in which to download and store
files (Figure 5-2).

Figure 5-2. Download path tab

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Downloading Files to a Computer

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5. Click the Download files tab and select the file(s) to download (Figure 5-3).

6. To select multiple files, hold down the shift key and click on nonsequential files to select
several files at once; or hold down the Ctrl key and click on individual files.

Figure 5-3. Download Files

7. Click the Download button. During the download, status indicators display next to each
file (Figure 5-4 on page 76).

• Red indicator – file currently downloading.

• Green indicator – file has successfully downloaded.

Receiver and File Maintenance

Deleting Files

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Figure 5-4. Download Files – Status Indicators

8. When done, click Exit on the File Manager dialog box.

9. Continue with other operations. Or, click FileDisconnect, then FileExit to quit
TriVU.

5.2. Deleting Files

Use the following steps to delete files from your receiver.

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 33 for this procedure.

Receiver and File Maintenance

Deleting Files

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2. Start TriVU. Select the COM port and click Ok (Figure 5-5).

Figure 5-5. Connection Parameters

3. Click FileFile Manager and select the file(s) to delete on the Current log files tab
(Figure 5-6).

Figure 5-6. Current log files tab

4. To select multiple files, hold down the shift key and click on nonsequential files to select
several files at once; or hold down the Ctrl key and click on individual files.

Receiver and File Maintenance

Managing Receiver Options
Checking an OAF

78 www.javad.com

5. Click Delete (Figure 5-6 on page 77).

6. Click Yes at the delete files confirmation dialog box. TriVU deletes the selected files.

7. Click Exit on the File Manager screen.

8. Continue with other operations. Or click FileDisconnect, then FileExit to quit TriVU.

5.3. Managing Receiver Options

5.3.1. Checking an OAF

Note: For a complete list of options and their details, visit the JAVAD GNSS website.

You can check the status of your receiver's options, and load any new OAFs, using the RS232
cable, a computer, and TriVU. Refer to the TriVU Software Manual for a more complete
description of the TriVU software.

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 33 for this procedure.

2. Start TriVU. Select the COM port and click Ok (Figure 5-7).

Figure 5-7. Connection Parameters

3. Click ToolsReceiver Options. The Options Manager dialog box (Figure 5-8) contains
the following information:

• Option name – a name/description of the option

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Managing Receiver Options

Checking an OAF

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• Current – the current status of the option

• Purchased – if the option is purchased or not

• Leased – if the option is leased or not

• Expiration date – the date the option will be disabled, if applicable

Since Options can be both purchased and leased, the “Current” status of the option dis­plays the currently effective value. Option values can be one of the following:

• -1 or “-----” – the firmware version does not support this option

• 0 – the receiver option is disabled

• positive integer – the option is enabled

• yes or no – the option is either enabled or disabled.

Figure 5-8. View Option manager

Receiver and File Maintenance

Managing Receiver Options
Loading OAFs

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5.3.2. Loading OAFs

JAVAD GNSS dealers provide customers with OAF files. For any OAF related questions, E-mail
at [e-mail]. Please have your receiver ID number available (see “Checking Firmware
Version” on page 83).

1. To load a new OAF, follow steps 1-3 in “Checking an OAF” on page 78.

2. Click Load (Figure 5-8 on page 79) to load a new OAF file, or Update to update the OAF
file. The new receiver option loads onto the receiver and the Option Manager table
updates.

3. Navigate to the location of the new Option Authorization File. OAFs have .jpo extension
and are unique to each receiver (Figure 5-9).

Figure 5-9. Load OAF

4. Select the appropriate file and click Open. The new receiver option loads onto the receiver
and the Option Manager table updates.

5. When finished, click FileDisconnect, then FileExit to quit TriVU.

Receiver and File Maintenance

Managing Receiver Memory

Using TriPad to Clear NVRAM

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5.4. Managing Receiver Memory

When using the ALPHA receiver in static or dynamic applications, you may need to know the
amount of memory the receiver’s log file occupies. The specific memory size depends on the type
of data being recorded. Use the formulas below to compute the approximate size of the receiver's
log files.

• SS – the estimated size of one epoch of raw data in the receiver's log file (expressed in

bytes).

• N – the number of observed satellites per epoch.
When recording only L1 data: SS = 183 + 22*N
When recording L1 and L2 data: SS = 230 + 44*N

5.5. Clearing the NVRAM

The receiver’s Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) holds data required for satellite
tracking, such as almanac and ephemeris data, and receiver position. The NVRAM also keeps the
current receiver's settings, such as active antenna input, elevation masks and recording interval,
and information about the receiver's internal file system.

Even though clearing the NVRAM is not a common (nor normally a recommended) operation,
there are times when clearing the NVRAM can eliminate communication or tracking problems.
Clearing the NVRAM in your ALPHA can be interpreted as a “soft boot” in your computer.

After clearing the NVRAM, your receiver will require some time to collect new ephemerides and
almanacs (around 15 minutes).

Clearing the NVRAM of your receiver will not delete an y f iles already recorded in your ALPHA’s
memory. However, it will reset your receiver settings to factory default values. In addition, the
NVRAM keeps information about the receiver file system.

Note that after clearing the NVRAM, the receiver’s STAT LED will flash yellow for a few
seconds indicating that the receiver is scanning and checking the file system.

5.5.1. Using TriPad to Clear NVRAM

1. Press the power key to turn off the receiver.

2. Press and hold the FN key .

Receiver and File Maintenance

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Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM

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3. Press and hold the power key for about 4 to 8 seconds. Release the power key while
continuing to hold the FN key.

4. Wait until the four LEDs blink yellow.

5. Release the FN key.

5.5.2. Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 33 for this procedure.

2. Start TriVU. Select the COM port and click Ok (Figure 5-7).

Figure 5-10. Connection Parameters

3. Click the ToolsClear NVRAM (Figure 5-11).

Figure 5-11. Clear NVRAM

Receiver and File Maintenance

Checking Firmware Version

Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM

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4. Click OK at the clear NVRAM confirmation dialog box. The REC LED rapidly flashes
green and red; the STAT LED flashes red.

The receiver will automatically disconnect once the NVRAM is cleared.

5.6. Checking Firmware Version

Use TriVU to check the firmware version of your receiver.

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on
page 33 for this procedure.

2. Start TriVU. Select the COM port and click Ok (Figure 5-7).

Figure 5-12. Connection Parameters

3. Click on HelpAbout TriVU (Figure 5-13).

Figure 5-13. Help->About

Receiver and File Maintenance

Loading New Firmware
Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM

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The About TriVU dialog box opens (Figure 5-14).

Figure 5-14. About TriVU

About T riVU lists important information about the dif ferent hardw are accessories and soft­ware properties. This list includes the following, which you will need if you contact
JAVAD GNSS or your dealer:

• Receiver model

• Receiver IDs

• Firmware version

4. When finished, click OK, then click FileDisconnect, then FileExit to quit TriVU.

5.7. Loading New Firmware

Base and Rover receivers must be loaded with the same firmware v ersion. Use the latest firmware
version, available for download from the JAVAD GNSS website, to ensure your receiver has the
most recent updates.

The receiver uses Firmware Loader to load firmware onto the receiver.

1. Download the Firmware Loader from www.javad.com to your computer.

2. Download the new firmware package www.javad.com to your computer.

3. Start Firmware Loader double clicking the icon.

Receiver and File Maintenance

Loading New Firmware

Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM

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4. Select the COM port receiver is connected to. Click the Test button to ensure the receiver
is connected. Click Next>> (Figure 5-15).

Figure 5-15. Connection Parameters

Receiver and File Maintenance

Loading New Firmware
Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM

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5. Select the ZIP archive, or any fi le from unzipped set of firmware images, or one image to
load. Click Next>> (Figure 5-16).

Figure 5-16. Firmware Source

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Loading New Firmware

Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM

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6. Open the required firmware folder. Select the .zip file and click Open (Figure 5-17):

Figure 5-17. New firmware package

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Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM

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7. Click Next>> to load new firmware (Figure 5-18).

Figure 5-18. Files to load

8. Click Exit to quit Firmware Loader.

9. Clear the receiver’s NVRAM (see “Clearing the NVRAM” on page 81) and update the
almanac (“Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page 39) after loading new
firmware.

Chapter 6

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TROUBLESHOOTING

This chapter will help you diagnose and solve some common problems you may encounter with
your receiver.

Warning:

Do not attempt to repair equipment yourself. Doing so will void your warranty and may damage the
hardware.

6.1. Check This First!

Before contacting JAVAD GNSS support, check the following:

• Check all external receiv er connections carefully to ensure correct and secure connections.
Double check for worn or defective cables.

• Check all power sources for drained batteries or incorrectly connected cables.

• Check that the most current software is downloaded onto the computer and that the most
current firmware is loaded into the recei v er. Check the JAVAD GNSS website for the latest
updates.

• If connecting via Bluetooth®, check that the port used for connection is in Command
mode.

Then, try the following:

• Reset the receiver using TriVU: ToolsReset Receiver (Figure 6-1):

Figure 6-1. Tools->Reset Receiver

• Restore default settings using TriVU (ConfigurationReceiver, then click Set all
parameters to defaults).

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Powering Problems

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• Clear the NVRAM (see “Clearing the NVRAM” on page 81).

If the problem persists, see the following sections for other solutions.

6.2. Powering Problems

The receiver does not power up.

 The battery may be discharged.

• Charge the batteries overnight. See “Powering the Receiver” on page 32.

 The receiver may have a defective charger.
If, after connecting an external power source, the receiver still does not power up, contact JAVAd

GNSS Customer Support for advice.

6.3. Receiver Problems

The following are some of the most commonly encountered receiver problems.

Cable specific problems

 The cable is not properly plugged in.

• Check that the cable connector is attached to the correct receiver port.

• Unplug the cable, then securely and properly reconnect it to the receiver.

• See “ALPHA GNSS Receiver” on page 19 and “Connector Specifications” on page A-11
for information on the receiver’s connectors.

 The cable is damaged.

• Use an undamaged cable. Contact your Dealer to replace the cable.

Generic problems

 The receiver port used for connection is not in Command mode.

1. Connect your receiver and a computer using a free port (see “Connecting the Receiver and
a Computer” on page 33) and start TriVU.

2. Click ConfigurationReceiverPorts.

3. Change the Input for the port used for connection to “Command”.

 The receiver does not lock on to satellites for a long period of time.

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Receiver Problems

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• The receiver stores an old almanac.
Update the almanac. See “Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page 39 for details.

 The corresponding receiver options may be disabled or expired (L1/L2, GPS/GLONASS must

be on to track satellites).

• See “Managing Receiver Options” on page 78 for details on how to check current options.

• Order a new OAF with the desired options activated to enable or extend validity of the
corresponding receiver options. Contact your dealer or visit the JAVAD GNSS website for
details.

• Refer to the TriVU Software Manual for a detailed description of options.

The receiver tracks too few satellites

 The elevation mask value is too high (above 15 degrees).

• Lower the elevation mask. See “TriPad Configuration” on page 59 for information on
setting the elevation mask.

 The measuring is conducted near obstructions (tree canopy, tall buildings, etc.).

• Check that the Multipath Reduction boxes have been enabled.

• Connect your receiver and a computer and start TriVU. See “Connecting the Receiver
and a Computer” on page 33.

• Click Configuration

Advanced and the Multipath Reduction tab. Enable the two boxes

and click Apply.

• Move to an area free of obstructions, if applicable.

The receiver cannot obtain Code Differential and/or RTK solutions.

 Incorrect Base coordinates entered

• Specify the correct coordinates for the Base station using TriVU or another suitable field
data collection software.

 The receiver is not configured as a Base or Rover.

• If the receiver should function as a Base, ensure it has the proper configuration. See
Chapter 3 for details.

• If the receiver should function as a Rover, ensure it has the proper configuration. See
Chapter 3 for details.

 The corresponding receiver options may be disabled or expired.

• See “Managing Receiver Options” on page 78 for details on how to check current options.

Troubleshooting

Receiver Problems

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• Order a new OAF with the desired options activated to enable or extend validity of the
corresponding receiver options. Contact your dealer or visit the JAVAD GNSS website for
details.

• Refer to the TriVU Software Manual for a detailed description of options.

 There are not enough common satellites. In order to obtain a fixed solution, the Base and Rover

should track at least five common satellites.

• Ensure that both the Rover and Base receivers use the same, and updated, almanac. See
“Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page 39.

• Check the elevation masks of the Rover and Base receivers; they should be the same. See
“TriPad Configuration” on page 59 for information on setting the elevation mask.

 A discrepancy exists between the differential standards used at the Base and Rover receivers.

Ensure the Base and Rover receivers use the same corrections input/output format:

1. Connect your receiver and a computer and start TriVU. See “Connecting the Receiver and
a Computer” on page 33.

2. Click and the Ports tab. Use the same input/output format for both receivers.

 Poor satellite geometry (PDOP/GDOP values are too high).

• Conduct your measuring when PDOP values are low.

 The elevation mask is above 15 degrees.

• Lower the elevation mask.

 .The battery is low.

• Attach an external power source to the receiver.

• See “Powering the Receiver” on page 32 for details.

 The transmitting and/or receiving antenna may be improperly connected.

• Check that the radio modem’s antenna is securely and properly connected to the antenna
connector.

• Check that the radio modem’s antenna is undamaged. If damaged, contact your JAVAD
GNSS dealer to replace the antenna.

 The specified baud rate is incompatible with the baud rates the modem supports.

• The baud rate is the rate at which the receiver transmits differential messages to the
modem and vice versa. Change the baud rate to that which your modem supports.

 .The Base and Rover modems use different radio link parameters.

• Configure the Base and Rover radio modems according to the procedures listed in the
applicable section.

 The distance between the Base and Rover is too far.

• Close the distance between the Base and Rover.

Troubleshooting

Technical Support

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• Use repeaters to increase radio coverage.

 There may be a source of radio interference that disrupts radio communications.

• Use a spectrum analyzer to detect the radio characteristics of the interfering signal and
change your system’s configuration accordingly.

• Remove the source of jamming signal or relocate your radio antennas (if possible).

The receiver does not start data logging.

 The memory option is disabled or expired.

• Check that the memory option is enabled. For details, see “Checking an OAF” on page 78.

 The receiver’s memory has no free space.

• Download and/or delete data files to free up space for new files (see “Downloading Files
to a Computer” on page 73 and “Deleting Files” on page 76).

• Use the AFRM feature. See“TriPad Configuration” on page 59.

6.4. Technical Support

If the troubleshooting hints and tips in this Operator’s Manual fail to remedy the problem, contact
JAVAD GNSS Customer Support.

Before contacting JAVAD GNSS Customer support about any problems with the receiver, see
“Check This First!” on page 89 for some solutions that may fix the issue.

To contact JAVAD GNSS Customer Support use the QUESTIONS button available on the
www.javad.com.

Troubleshooting

Technical Support
Website

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Note: For quick and effective support, provide a detailed description of the problem.

When contacting with JAVAD GNSS customer support, provide the following information for
better, faster service:

1. The modem model and configuration settings.

2. The system/hardware specifications for the computer running TriVU; such as, operating system
and version, memory and storage capacity, processor speed, etc.

3. The symptoms and/or error codes/messages that precede and follow the problem.

4. The activities being tried when the problem occurs. If possible, include the exact steps being
taken up to when the error message or other problem occurs.

5. How regularly the problem occurs.
Generally , a customer su pport representati v e will reply within 24 hours, depending on the severity

of the problem.

6.4.1. Website

The JAVAD GNSS website provides current information about our line of products. The support
area of the website provides access to frequently asked questions, configuration procedures,
manuals, e-mail support, etc. To access the JAVAD GNSS website, use: www.javad.com

Appendix A

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SPECIFICATIONS

This JAVAD GNSS product is a 216-channel GNSS receiver with an internal radio modem, a
Bluetooth® wireless technology module, GMS module, and a rugged aluminum housing
complete with TriPad and cable connectors.

Note: Performance specifications assume a minimum of 6 GPS Satellites above 15 degrees in elevation

and adherence to the procedures recommended in this manual.

Note: In areas of high multipath, during periods of large PDOP, and during periods of increased

ionospheric activity, performance may degrade.

Note: Use robust checking procedures in areas of extreme multipath or under dense foliage.

A.1. Receiver Specifications

The following sections provide specifications for the receiver and its internal components.

A.1.1. General Details

Table below lists the receiver’s general specifications.

Table A-1. Receiver General Specifications|

Physical

Enclosure Aluminum extrusion,

waterproof IP66
Color JAVAD GNSS Green and Black
Dimensions W: 148 mm x H: 85 mm x D: 35 mm
Weight

ALPHA-G3
ALPHA-G2T
ALPHA-G3T

430 g

435 g

448 g
GNSS Antenna External
Battery One internal

Specifications

Receiver Specifications
General Details

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Keys Two keys:

Power – On/Off,
Function (FN) – start/stop data logging.

LEDs Two LEDs:

STAT – Satellite and receiver status,
REC – record and data status

Environment

Operating temperature -30° C to +55° C (with battery)

-40° C to +80° C (without battery)

Storage temperature -20° C to +35°C, 45 to 85% RH (with battery within 1 year)

-20° C to +40°C, 45 to 85% RH (with battery within 6 month)

-20° C to +45°C, 45 to 85% RH (with battery within 1 month)

-20° C to +50°C, 45 to 85% RH (with battery within 1 week)

-45° C to +85° C (without battery)

Humidity 95% non-condensing

Power

Internal battery One internal Li -I on battery (7.2 V, 1.37 Ah) with internal charger
Number of built-in batteries 1
Operating time Up to 10 hours
Input voltage +7 to +40 V DC (for work)

+7 to +40 V DC (for charge battery)

External power

Port 1 port
Input voltage +7 to +40 V DC

I/O

Communication Ports - Serial (RS232) up to 460.8 kbps

- Full speed USB 2.0 device port (12 Mbps)

- Bluetooth® V1.1 Class 2 supporting SPP Slave and Master Profiles

Connectors - External GNSS Antenna

- Modem Antenna

- External power (PWR)

- 1PPS output (optional)

- Event Marker input (optional)

TriPad - Two LEDs (STAT, REC)

- Two functi on buttons (ON/OFF, FN)

Specifications

Receiver Specifications

General Details

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Data Features

Up to 100 Hz update rate for real time position and raw data (code and carrier)
10 cm code phase and 1 mm carrier phase precision
Hardware Viterbi decoder
RTCM SC104 versions 2.x and 3.x Input/Output
NMEA 0183 version s 2.x and 3.0 Output
Multi-Base Code Differential Rover
Code Differential Base
Geoid and Magnetic Variation models
RAIM
Different DATUMs support
Output of grid coordinates

Technology

Common tracking
Low signal tracking
Advanced Multipath mitigation
KFK WAAS/EGNOS (SBAS)
Adjustable PLL and DLL parameters

NMEA

NMEA version Ver. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.0
Messages GGA, GLL, GNS, GRS, GSA, GST, GSV, HDT, RMC, VTG, ZDA, RO T, GMP
Output interval 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 Hz optional

DGPS

Correction format RTCM SC104 Ver 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 3.0
RTCM 2.x message type 1, 3, 9, 31, 32, 34; user selectable
RTCM 3.0 message type 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1011, 1012, 1019, 1020; user selectable
Process interval 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 Hz optional
Output interval for RTCM

correction data

1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 Hz optional

Elevation mask

0 to 90 deg (independent of data logging

)

Multi-base DGPS Differential correction select mode: Nearest, Mix, Best (opt ional)

RTK

Correction format RTCM SC104 Ver 2.2, 2.3, or 3.0
RTCM 2.x message type 3, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22; user selectable
RTCM 3.0 message type 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1019, 1011, 1012, 1020; user selectable
Ambiguity initialize OTF (L1, L1/L2)
Baseline Length Up to 50 km in the mor ning and evening.

Up to 32 km at noon.
Initialize time 5 seconds to 10 min depending on the base line length and multipath conditions
Output interval for CMR/RTCM 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 Hz optional

Specifications

Receiver Specifications
General Details

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Elevation 0 to 90 degrees (independent of data logging)
Solution mode Delay (synchronization)

Extrapolation (not synchronized)
Process interval 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 Hz optional
Latency Delay mode – 20 msec to 20 sec (depends on latency which receives corrections

data from base receiver)

Extrapolation – 20 to 30 msec
Raw Data logging

The receiver can record raw data at another interval during RTK

operation

Status Fix, Float, DOP, Data Link Status, Modem Latency, Common Satellites,

Percentage of fixing
Results RTK coordinates, HRMS, VRMS, Covariance Matrix
Ambiguity fixing level Selectable thresholds

Low: 95%;

Medium: 99.5%;

High: 99.9%

Measuring Modes

Base or Rover Static, Fast Static

Kinematic (Stop and Go)

RTK (Real-time Kinematic)

DGPS (Differential GPS)

SBAS DGPS

Measuring Accuracy

Autonomous < 2 m
Static, Fast Static Horizontal: 0.3 cm + 0.5 ppm * base_line_length

Vertical: 0.5 cm + 0.5 ppm * base_line_length
Kinematic, RTK Horizontal: 1 cm + 1 ppm * base_line_length

Vertical: 1.5 cm + 1.5 ppm * base_line_length
RTK (OTF) Horizontal: 1 cm + 1 ppm * base_line_length

Vertical: 1.5 cm + 1.5 ppm * base_line_length
DGPS < 0.25 m Post Processing,

< 0.5 m Real Time
Cold Start

Warm Start
Reacquisition

< 35 sec

< 5 sec

< 1 sec

Specifications

Receiver Specifications

GNSS Board Details

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A.1.2. GNSS Board Details

Table A-2 lists the GNSS board’s general specifications.

Table A-2. GNSS Board Specifications

Receiver type

Tracking Channels ALPHA - G3: GPS L1, GLONASSL1, Galileo E1, SBAS

ALPHA- G2T: GPS L1/L2/L5, Galileo E1/E5A, SBAS
ALPHA - G3T: GPS L1/L2/L5, Galileo E1/E5A, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS

Tracking Specifications

Standard channels To tal 216 channe ls: all-in-view (GPS L1/L2/L2C/L5,

Galileo E1/E5A, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS)

Tracked signals L 1/L2 C/A and P Code & Carrier

Tracking Functions

Multipath reduction Code and Carrier
PLL/DLL settings Bandwidth, order, adjustable

Smoothing interval Code and Carrier

WAAS/EGNOS WAAS optional; EGNOS optional

Memory

Internal Memory Up to 256MB of on board non-removable memory for data storage
Raw Data Recording Up to 100 times per second (100Hz)
Data Type Code and Carrier from GPS L1, L2, Galileo E1/E5A ,

GLONASS L1/L2 (G3T only)

1PPS Output (optional)

Number of PPS ports 1
Edge Rise, Fall
Period 10 to 1000000000 ms
Offset -5000 00000 to 500000000 msec
Reference time GPS, GLONASS,

UTC (USNO),
UTC (SU)

Event Marker (optional)

Number of event Marker ports 1
Edge Rise, Fall
Reference time GPS, GLONASS, UTC (USNO), UTC (SU)

Specifications

Receiver Specifications
Bluetooth® Module Details

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A.1.3. Bluetooth® Module Details

Table A-3 lists the Bluetooth® wireless technology module’s general specifications.

Table A-3. Bluetooth® Module Specifications

A.1.4. GSM Module Details

Table A-4 lists the internal general specifications for the internal modem connection for an
optional GSM module.

Table A-4. GSM Module Specifications

Range up to 10 m (indoor);

up to 50 m (outdoor)
Type Class 2
Service classes Miscellaneous
Supported profiles LM, L2CAP, SDP, SPPP
Frequency Country Code North America and Europe

Operating Systems Quad band: 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
Tx power 850/900 MHz – Class 4 (2 Watt)

1800/1900 MHz – Class 1 (1 Watt)

Typical sensitivity -107dBm (typ) @ 850/900 MHz

-106dBm (typ) @ 1800/1900 MHz

GPRS Multi-slot class 10 (4 down; 2 up; 5 Total)

Mobile station class B
Coding scheme CS1-CS4
PBCCH support

CSD Asynchronous transparent circuit switched data (CSD)

up to 14.4 Kbps
Asynchronous non-transparent (CSD) up to 9.6 Kbps
V.110

SMS Point-to-point mobile originated and mobile terminated SMS

Concatenated SMS supported
MO/MT Text and PDU modes

Cell broadcast
One serial port Data and Command port
SIM Card 3.0 V, STK 3.1