Jandy DP3000, XL-3 Installation And Operation Manual

Installation and Operating Data

FOR YOUR SAFETY - This product must be installed and serviced by authorized
personnel, qualified in pool/spa heater installation. Improper installation and/or operation
can create carbon monoxide gas and flue gases which can cause serious injury, property
damage, or death. Improper installation and/or operation will void the warranty.

Installation and
Operation Manual

XL-3™
Oil-Fired Pool
and Spa Heater

Model DP3000
No.2 Fuel Oil Only

WARNING

If these instructions are not followed exactly, a fire or explosion may result,
causing property damage, personal injury, or death.

Do not store or use gasoline or other flammable vapors and liquids in the
vicinity of this or any other appliance.

WHAT TO DO IF YOU SMELL FUEL

• Do not try to light any appliance.

• Do not touch any electrical switch; do not use any phone in your building.

• Immediately call your fuel supplier from a neighbor’s phone. Follow the fuel
supplier’s instructions.

• If you cannot reach your fuel supplier, call the fire department.

Installation and service must be performed by a qualified installer, service
agency or the fuel supplier.

H0223500A

POOL PRODUCTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1.
General Information

1.1 Introduction ................................................... 1

1.2 Shipping Damage .......................................... 1

1.3 Consumer Information and Safety .................. 1

1.3.1 Spa/Hot Tub Safety Rules ............................. 1

1.3.2 Swimming Pool Energy Saving Tips .............. 2

1.4 Warranty ....................................................... 2

1.5 Codes and Standards .................................... 2

1.6 Technical Assistance .................................... 2

1.7 Materials Installer Must Provide ..................... 2

1.7.1 Materials For All Applications ........................ 2

1.7.2 Materials Fro Special Applications ................ 3

1.8 Specifications................................................ 3

1.8.1 General Specifications .................................. 3

1.8.2 Dimensions ................................................... 3

SECTION 2.
Installation Instructions

2.1 Introduction ................................................... 4

2.2 Field Assembly ............................................. 4

2.3 Location Requirements .................................. 4

2.3.1 Introduction ................................................... 4

2.3.2 Clearances .................................................... 5

2.3.3 Flooring ......................................................... 5

2.3.4 Outdoor Installation ....................................... 6

2.3.5 Indoor and Outdoor Shelter Installation .......... 6

2.3.5.1 Installing a Barometric Draft Control .............. 6

SECTION 3.
Venting

3.1 Combustion Air Supply.................................. 7

3.2 Exhaust Venting............................................ 8

3.2.1 Outdoor Installations ..................................... 8

3.2.2 Indoor and Outdoor Shelter Installation .......... 8

SECTION 4.
Fuel Connection

4.1 Fuel Supply and Piping ................................. 9

SECTION 5.
Water Connection

5.1 Water Piping ............................................... 10

5.2 Check Valve Installation .............................. 10

5.3 Automatic Flow Control ............................... 11

5.4 Reversible Water Connections ..................... 11

5.5 Connections At Heater ................................ 12

5.6 Pressure Relief Valve .................................. 13

5.7 Auxiliary Components, Chlorinator, Ozone
Generators, and Sanitizing Chemicals ... 13

SECTION 6.
Electrical

6.1 General Information ..................................... 14

6.2 Main Power ................................................. 14

6.3 Bonding ....................................................... 14

6.4 Auxiliary Time Clock Wiring ........................ 14

SECTION 7.
Operating Instructions

7.1 Normal Operation ........................................ 15

7.2 Start Up ...................................................... 16

7.3 Temperature Control .................................... 17

7.4 Lighting The Heater ..................................... 17

7.5 Setting The Time Clock ............................... 18

7.7 Temperature Rise ........................................ 19

SECTION 8.
Maintenance

8.1 Water Chemistry ......................................... 19

8.2 Seasonal Care ............................................. 20

8.2.1 Spring and Fall Operation ............................ 20

8.2.2 Winterizing .................................................. 20

8.2.3 Spring Start-up ............................................ 21

8.3 Inspection and Service ................................ 21

8.3.1 Owner Inspection and Maintenance ............. 21

8.3.2 Professional Inspection and Maintenance .... 22

SECTION 9.
Trouble Shooting

9.1 Home Owner Trouble Shooting .................... 23

9.1.1 Oil Burner Does Not Fire ............................. 23

9.1.2 Heater Does Not Maintain The Desired Water

Temperature ........................................ 23

9.1.3 Burner Operates, But There Is Smoke Or ........

Pulsating Combustion .......................... 23

9.1.4 Pool Water Overheating.............................. 23

9.2 Professional Trouble Shooting Guide ........... 23

9.2.1 Introduction ................................................. 23

9.2.2 Initial Checks .............................................. 23

9.2.3 Trouble Shooting ......................................... 24

9.2.3.1 Burner Will Not Start (Motor and Transformer ..

Do Not Come On) ................................ 24

9.2.3.2 Burner Tries To Start, But The Primary Control
Shuts Off (Either Motor Or Transformer Or

Both Come On) .................................... 24

9.2.3.3 Oil Burner Will Not Shut Off ......................... 25

9.2.3.4 Setting The Correct Fuel/Air Mixture ............ 25

9.2.3.5 Control And Cad Cell Trouble Shooting

Guide .................................................. 26

SECTION 10.
Replacement Parts

10.1 Ordering Information .................................... 26

10.2 Parts List .................................................... 26

10.3 Exploded View ............................................ 28

Warranty .................................................... Back Cover

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 1

SECTION 1.
General Information

1.1 Introduction

This manual provides installation and operation
instructions for the Laars XL-3 oil-fired pool and spa
heater. Read these installation and operation
instructions completely before proceeding with the
installation. Consult the Jandy factory, or local
factory representative, with any questions regarding
this equipment.

The Laars XL-3 heater get it's electrical power
from an external 115VAC source and provides a
thermostat control system for maintaining your pool or
spa at a comfortable temperature.

The Laars XL-3 heater is specifically designed
for heating fresh water swimming pools and spas, and
with proper installation and care, it will provide years
of reliable service. Do not use the heater to maintain
pool or spa water temperature below 70°F. Do not
use it as a heating boiler or general service water
heater or to heat salt water. Consult your dealer for
the appropriate Jandy products for these applications.

NOTICE TO INSTALLER: Deliver all
documents that come with the heater to the pool
owner. These include the Owners Information and
Operating Manual and this Installation Manual.

NOTE: Read the Owners Information Manual
before starting this installation, and before starting up
the heater the first time.

1.2 Shipping Damage

After unpacking the heater, check for visible
damage from shipment mishandling. Remove the
inspection plug on the inner panel and use a mechanics
mirror to inspect the firebox for cracks or other
damage. Water Pik Technologies carefully
manufactures, inspects and packages the heater
before delivering it to the freight carrier. Immediately,
file any claim for damage against the freight carrier.

1.3 Consumer Information and Safety

The Laars XL-3 heater is designed and
manufactured to provide many years of safe and
reliable service when installed, operated and
maintained according to the information in this manual
and the installation codes referred to in later sections.
Throughout the manual safety warnings and cautions

are identified by the "
comply with all of the warnings and cautions.

For your safety, do not store gasoline or other

flammable liquids or vapors in the vicinity of this or
any other appliance.

" symbol. Be sure to read and

WARNING

Use only #2 fuel oil or #2 diesel fuel. Heavier
fuels will not operate satisfactorily, and their use
will void the warranty.

1.3.1 Spa/Hot Tub Safety Rules

WARNING

The following Safety Rules for Hot Tubs,
recommended by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety

Commission, should be observed when using the
spa.

WARNING

The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
warns that elevated water temperature can be
hazardous. Consult heater operation and installation
instructions for water temperature guidelines before
setting temperature.

1. Spa or hot tub water temperature should never
exceed 104°F (40°C). One hundred degrees
Fahrenheit (100°F [38°C]) is considered safe for
a healthy adult. Special caution is recommended
for young children.

2. The drinking of alcoholic beverages before or
during spa or hot tub use can cause drowsiness
which could lead to unconsciousness, and
subsequently result in drowning.

3. Pregnant women take note! Soaking in water
above 102°F (38.5°C) can cause fetal damage
during the first three months of pregnancy (which
could result in the birth of a brain-damaged or
deformed child). If pregnant women are going to
use a spa or hot tub, they should make sure the
water temperature is below 100°F (38°C)
maximum.

4. The water temperature should always be
checked with an accurate thermometer before
entering a spa or hot tub. Temperature controls
may vary by as much as 4F° (2C°).

5. Persons with a medical history of heart disease,
diabetes, circulatory or blood pressure problems
should consult their physician before using a hot
tub or spa.

6. Persons taking any medication which induces
drowsiness (e.g., tranquilizers, antihistamines, or
anticoagulants) should not use spas or hot tubs.

7. Prolonged immersion in hot water can induce
hyperthermia.

Hyperthermia occurs when the internal body

temperature reaches a level several degrees above the
normal body temperature of 98.6°F (37°C). Symptoms
include dizziness, fainting, drowsiness, lethargy, and an
increase in the internal body temperature. The effects
of hyperthermia include:

Page 2

POOL PRODUCTS

 Lack of awareness of impending hazard

 Failure to perceive heat

 Failure to recognize need to leave spa

 Physical inability to leave spa

 Fetal damage in pregnant women

 Unconsciousness resulting in a danger of

drowning

1.3.2 Swimming Pool Energy Saving Tips

Water Pik Technologies offers the following
recommendations to help conserve fuel and minimize
the cost of operating your pool heater without
sacrificing comfort.

1. The American Red Cross recommends a maxi-

mum water temperature of 78°F (25°C). Use an

accurate pool thermometer. A difference of 4F°

(2°C) , between 78°F and 82°F (26°C and 28°C),

will use as much as 40% more fuel.

2. Carefully monitor the water temperature of your

pool in the summertime. You can reduce heater

usage due to warmer air temperatures.

3. Set the pump time clock to start the pump no

earlier than 6:00 AM during the pool heating

season. This is the time when nightly heat loss

balances.

4. If the pool is only going to be used on weekends,

reduce the heater temperature control setting by

8 or 10 degrees during the week. Reset it to the

78°F (25°C) level a day or so before you plan to

use the pool.

5. During the winter or when on vacation for longer

than a week, shut down the heater by following

the shutdown instructions found on the inside of

the heater.

6. Where possible, shelter the pool from prevailing

winds with well-trimmed hedges or other land-

scaping, cabanas, or fencing.

7. Always use a pool cover when practical. Besides

providing a valuable safety feature, a pool cover

will reduce heat loss, conserve chemicals, and

reduce the load on filter systems.

1.4 Warranty

The Laars XL-3 heater is sold with a limited
factory warranty. Details are specified on the back
cover of this manual and the home owner's guidelines.

Make all warranty claims to an authorized Jandy
representative or directly to the factory. Claims must
include the heater serial number and model (this
information can be found on the rating plate),

installation date, and name of the installer. Shipping
costs are not included in the warranty coverage.

The warranty does NOT cover damage caused
by improper assembly, installation, operation or field
modification. Also, damage to the heat exchanger by
corrosive water is NOT covered by the warranty. See
Section 8.1 for maintaining proper pool water
chemistry.

NOTE: Keep this manual in a safe place for future
reference when inspecting or servicing the heater.

1.5 Codes and Standards

The Laars XL-3 pool and spa heater is certified
by UL (Underwriters Laboratory) as complying with
the latest standard of UL726 "Oil-Fired Boiler
Assemblies, Oil-Fired Service Water Heaters and
Swimming Pool Heaters", CAN/CSA-B140.12

All Jandy heaters must be installed in accordance
with the local building and installation codes as per the
utility or authorities having jurisdiction. All local codes
take precedence over national codes.

In the absence of local codes, refer to the latest
edition of the following national codes for installation:

1. In the United States, "The National Fuel and Gas

Code", ANSI Z223.1. Specifically, refer to Part

7, "Venting of Equipment".

2. In Canada, "The Installation Codes for Gas

Burning appliances and Equipment", CAN/CGA

B149.

Any changes to the heater, gas controls, gas
orifices, wiring, draft diverter, or improper installation
may void the warranty. If change is required to any of
the above, consult the factory.

1.6 Technical Assistance

Consult Water Pik Technologies or your local
Jandy distributor with any questions or problems
involving the specifications, installation, and operation
of your Jandy equipment. An experienced technical
support staff is ready to assist you in assuring the
proper performance and application of Jandy products.
For technical support call the Water Pik Technologies,
Technical Service Department at [phone]
extension 260.

1.7 Materials Installer Must Provide

1.7.1 Materials for All Applications

The following items are needed and are to be
supplied by the installer for
installations:

1. The correct size and length of fuel line to supply

fuel from the storage tank to the heater (see

Section 4.1 for correct fuel pipe size).

all XL-3 heater

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 3

2. A manually operated fuel valve to be installed in
the fuel line near the storage tank.

3. A 115V AC power supply and all wire and
conduit needed to supply electricity to the heater.
A junction box is not needed at the heater,
connections are made inside of the heater jacket.

1.7.2 Materials for Special Applications

In addition to the items listed above, the following

items are needed for special applications.

1. A factory authorized barometric draft control and
any vent pipe needed for indoor installations in
the USA and outdoor shelter installations in
Canada (see Section 3.2.2). Barometric draft
controls are available from any Laars distributor.

2. The appropriate size metal pipe to connect to the
inlet/outlet header of the heater. Do not connect
any type of plastic pipe directly to the heater.

3. A non combustible platform for installation on
combustible surfaces (see Section 2.3.3). Non
combustible bases are available from your Jandy
distributor.

11. Modification of Heater for High Altitude:
Adjustment of air shutter to obtain most efficient
combustion.

12. Shipping Weight:

315 lbs.

1.8.2 Dimensions

See Figure 1 for a diagram showing the heater's

exterior dimensions and dimensions to critical
connections on the heater.

1.8 Specifications

1.8.1 General Specifications

1. Installation Location:
Certified for use:
In the USA: Indoor and Outdoor
In Canada: Outdoor and Outdoor Shelter

2. Minimum Clearance From Combustible Material:

See Table 1 in Section 2.3.2

3. Supply Fuel Type:
Certified for use with:

#2 Fuel Oil or # 2 Diesel Fuel.

4. Burner Rating:

315 BTU/Hr

5. Fuel Consumption:

2.25 GPH (US Gallons per Hour)

4. Water Pipe/Heater Connection:

1 1/2" Threaded Iron Pipe or
1 1/4" Unthreaded Iron Pipe or
1 1/2" Copper Tubing

7. Water Flow Rate:

Maximum: 60 gpm (228 lpm)
Minimum: 30 gpm (110 lpm)

FRONT VIEW

8. Working Water Pressure:
Maximum: 75 psi

9. Exhaust Vent Connection Size:
Model DP3000 9" Diameter

10. Electrical Supply:
115 Volts AC, 60 Hertz, 1 Phase.

SIDE VIEW

Figure 1. XL-3 Model DP3000 Oil-Fired Heater.

Page 4

SECTION 2.
Installation Instructions

2.1 Introduction

POOL PRODUCTS

Improper installation or maintenance can cause

WARNING

nausea or asphyxiation from carbon monoxide in flue
gases which could result in severe injury, or death.

CAUTION

The Laars XL-3 heaters are designed to operate at all
altitudes. Adjustments to the air band and end
shutter of the burner can be made to compensate for
changes in altitude. Contact your Jandy
representative or Water Pik Technologies' Customer
Service Department for more information.

Install the Laars XL-3 heater and vent systems in
accordance with the procedures in this manual, local
codes and ordinances, and in accordance with the
latest edition of the appropriate national code (see
Section 1.5 "Codes and Standards").

All oil-fired products require correct installation
to assure safe operation. The requirements for pool
heaters include the following:

1. Field assembly (if required)

2. Appropriate site location (clearances) and

flooring

3. Sufficient combustion and ventilation air

4. Properly sized fuel line.

5. Proper electrical wiring

6. Adequate water flow

This manual provides the information needed to
meet these requirements. Review all application and
installation procedures completely before continuing
the installation.

2.2. Field Assembly

The Laars XL-3 heater can be installed in a
variety of ways, some of them requiring preparation or
assembly in the field. The XL-3 is shipped with the
inner stack packaged on top of the control panel door
in the box with the heater. The inner stack must be
assembled and installed before mounting the vent cap
or vent pipe. To assemble the inner stack, remove the
tape and small envelope from the sheet metal coil.
Expand the coil until the holes on each end are aligned.
Use the two screws supplied in the small envelope to
secure the ends together. Install the inner stack, 7"
(18cm) diameter, on the collar of the flue collector
before attaching the vent cap (outdoor installation) as
shown in Figure 2. The Laars XL-3 heater is also
designed for "Indoor" installations in the United States
and "Outdoor Shelter" installations in Canada when

Figure 2. Inner Stack.

equipped with a barometric draft control and the
appropriately sized exhaust vent.

Check the Parts List (Section 10.2) of this
manual for the correct Jandy vent cap part number.
For specific installation information see Section 2.3.5
"Indoor and Outdoor Shelter Installations".

Water connections are provided on the right side
of the heater but can be changed to the left side by
reversal of the heat exchanger. It is best to handle
these preparations before the heater is installed in its
final location. See Section 5.4 "Reversible Water
Connections" of this manual for instructions.

2.3 Location Requirements

2.3.1 Introduction

CAUTION

When pool equipment is located below the pool
surface, a leak from any component can cause large
scale water loss or flooding. Water Pik Technologies
cannot be responsible for such water loss or flooding
or resulting damage.

The Laars XL-3 heater may be installed indoors
or outdoors as outlined in later sections. Location of
the heater below or above the pool deck affects
operation of its water pressure switch. See Section

5.1 water piping for more information about this.

Avoid placing the heater in locations where it can
cause damage by water or condensate leakage. If this
is not possible, provide a suitable drain pan to catch
and divert any leakage. The pan must not restrict the
air flow around the heater.

All criteria given in the following sections reflect
minimum clearances as stated in the national
standards. However, each installation must also be
evaluated, taking into account the prevailing local

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 5

Table 1. Minimum Heater Clearances From Combustible Surfaces

FOEDIS

RETAEH

SEHCNISRETEMITNECSEHCNISRETEMITNEC

KNALB 651651

RAER 651651

GNIPIP 42164216

POT

YENMIHC(

)ROTCENNOC

TNORF 42164216

310.33AERADEFOORNUNEPO

NOITALLATSNI

)RETLEHSROODTUO(ROODNI

conditions such as wind speed and direction, proximity
and height of walls that may block ventilation, and
proximity to public access areas.

2.3.2 Clearances

The heater must be placed to provide clearances
on all sides for maintenance and inspection. There
must also be minimum distances maintained from
combustible surfaces (see Table 1).

At least 24" (457mm) access must be available in
front of the heater for burner removal.

If the heater is to be installed in a garage, or
similar structure, all burners and burner ignition
devices must have a minimum 18" (457mm) clearance
above the floor.

This heater must be installed at least 5 feet
(1.52m) from the inside wall of a pool unless the
heater is separated from the pool by a solid fence, wall
or other permanent solid barrier.

NOITALLATSNIROODTUO

Note: Clearances listed in Table 1 are
manufacturer's tested values. These are
given as minimum values. Where local
and national codes apply, and values
are different than those listed in Table 1,
use the greater value to ensure safe
operation.

As an alternative to the Jandy noncombustible
base plate, in the United States, the National Fuel Gas
Code allows a heater to be placed on a combustible
surface when there is a platform under the heater
made of hollow masonry no less than 4 inches (102
millimeters [mm]) thick, covered with sheet metal at
least 24 gauge thick and extending beyond the full
width and depth of the heater by at least 6 inches (76.2
mm) in all directions. The masonry must be laid with
ends unsealed, and joints matched to provide free
circulation of air from side to side through the masonry
(see Figure 3). If the heater is installed in a carpeted
alcove, the entire floor of the alcove must be covered
by a noncombustible panel.

2.3.3 Flooring

The heater must be installed on a floor of
noncombustible construction or on fire-resistant slabs
or arches. Noncombustible flooring is defined as
flooring material and surface finish not capable of
being ignited and burning and with no combustible
materials against the underside. Acceptable materials
are those consisting entirely of a combination of steel,
iron, brick, tile, concrete, slate, glass or plaster. Do not
install the heater directly on a combustible wood or
carpet floor without placing a noncombustible platform
between the floor and the heater.

The heater can be installed on a combustible
floor if a noncombustible base assembly, available
from Jandy, is used. See the Parts List (Section 10) of
this manual for the appropriate base part number.

Heaters must never be installed directly on
carpeting.

6"

SHEET
METAL
COVER

Notes:

1. Blocks must provide a solid base and be braced so they
cannot slip out of place.

2. Air openings in blocks must be arranged to provide
unrestricted openings through entire width or length of
base.

3. Sheet metal must be at least 24 ga. and extend 6"
beyond the heater jacket on all sides.

Figure 3. Non-Combustible Platform.

HOLLOW
CONCRETE
BLOCKS

6"

Page 6

POOL PRODUCTS

2.3.4 Outdoor Installation

For outdoor configuration, the XL-3 heater must
be installed with a factory authorized vent cap installed
over the inner stack. See Section 2.2, "Field Assembly"
for installation of the inner stack. See Section 10,
"Parts List" for instructions on ordering a factory
authorized vent cap.

Locate the heater in an open, unroofed area.
Do not install the heater under a deck. Do not locate
the heater below or adjacent to any doors, glass
openings, louvers, grills, etc., which connect in any
way with an inhabited area of a building, even though
the access might be through another structure (e.g., a
garage or utility room). In the United States there must
be a minimum of four (4) feet (1.22 m) horizontally
and four (4) feet (1.22 m) vertically between the
heater exhaust point and any door, glass opening, or
gravity inlet to a building. In Canada, the heater must
be installed so that the exhaust point of the heater is at
least ten (10) feet (3.0 m) from any building opening
(see Figure 4).

WARNING

United States

Do not install the heater with the top of the vent
assembly within 4 feet (1.22 m) horizontally and 4
feet (1.22 m) vertically of any opening into a building.

Canada

Do not install the heater with the top of the vent
assembly within 10 feet (3.05 m) of any opening into
a building.

The top surface of the heater must be at least
three (3) feet above any forced air inlet, or intake
ducts located within ten (10) feet horizontally.

If the heater is installed under an overhang, there
must be a minimum clearance of 5 feet (1.5 m) above
the top of the heater and the structure should not
overhang the heater more than 12 inches (0.30 m). The
area under the overhang must be open on three sides.
This prevents combustion gases from being diverted
into living areas through doors, windows, or gravity
inlets.

If the heater is installed close to a structure,
protect it from rain water runoff with rain gutters on
the roof or other measures. Do not locate the heater
near irrigation sprinkler systems that could spray water
on it. Water from sprinklers may cause damage to
controls and electronic components.

Avoid locations where wind deflection off nearby
structures might cause downdraft conditions. Where
downdraft conditions exist, locate the heater at least 3
feet (0.91 m) from vertical surfaces (e.g., nearby
buildings and walls).

2.3.5 Indoor and Outdoor Shelter
Installations

An outdoor shelter (Canada only) is an
unoccupied enclosure which does not communicate
directly with occupied areas. All indoor installations
and outdoor shelter installations require the addition of
a factory approved barometric draft control. The
barometric draft control must be installed without
modification and in accordance with the instructions
provided by the manufacturer.

These codes, standards and Water Pik
Technologies require that the heater be properly
vented as outlined in this manual. Proper ventilation of
exhaust and combustion air are essential for the safe
and efficient operation of the heater (See Section 3
"Venting").

Figure 4. Outdoor Heater Installation.

2.3.5.1 Installing a Barometric Draft
Control

A barometric draft control must be installed
between the heater and the vent pipe with a minimum
13 inch clearance between the chimney connector and
any combustible material. Observe NFPA Standard
No. 31 and all national and local ordinances. See
Section 3 "Venting" for the proper location of the
barometric draft control when constructing the stack.
For more information on the correct barometric draft
control for your heater, contact your local Jandy Pool
Products dealer.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 7

SECTION 3.
Venting

3.1 Combustion Air Supply

The heater location must provide sufficient air
supply for proper combustion and ventilation of the
surrounding area as outlined in the latest edition of
ANSI standard Z223.1 or in Canada, CAN/CGA­B149.1 or .2, and any local codes that may be
applicable.

In general, these requirements specify that the
room in which a heater is installed should be provided
with two permanent air supply openings; one within 12
inches (305mm) of the ceiling, the other within 12
inches (305mm) of the floor. All indoor installations
must have openings to outside air for combustion,
ventilation, and dilution of flue gases from inside the
building (see Figure 5 and Table 2). Water Pik
Technologies does not recommend indoor installations
that do not provide combustion air from outside the
building.

All outdoor shelter installations (Canada only)
must have uninterrupted openings to outside air for
combustion and ventilation. The installation must be in
accordance with the latest edition of CAN/CGA B149.
Water Pik Technologies does not recommend outdoor
shelter installations that depend on internal air for
combustion. Combustion air should be ducted to the
heater from outside the structure.

Outside Air Supply: When combustion air is
supplied directly through an outside wall, each opening
should have a minimum free area of one square inch
per 4,000 BTU/Hr (1.2kW) input of the total input
rating of all appliances in the enclosed area. If air is
provided through horizontal ducts, each opening and

duct must provide one square inch of flow area for
each 2000 BTU/Hr (0.6 kW).

The XL-3 model DP3000 has an input rating of
315,000 BTU/Hr. The vent opening requirements for
the XL-3 heater are summarized in Table 2. Note that
the areas specified are net free areas and should be
increased when the openings are covered by screens,
louvers, grills or other protective covers (see Figure 5
and Table 2 notes).

Note: In Canada, follow Canadian Standard,
CAN/CGA-B149.1, .2 or local codes.

Table 2. Air Openings to Outside.

Required Net Free Open Area*

for Combustion Air Openings

Direct from outside Duct from outside

Model in

DP3000 79 (510) 158 (1020)

*Area indicated is for one of two openings; one at floor level
and one at the ceiling, so the total net free area would be double
the figures indicated. For special conditions, refer to NFPA54
ANSI Z223.1. In Canada refer to the National Standard

CAN1-B149.1 or .2 which differs from this table.

Note: If using screens and/or metal louvers, compensate by adding

50% additional area to each opening

If using wood louvers each opening must be at least four times

the area indicated in the table above.

2

(cm2)in2(cm2)

Exhaust Fans or Vents: Any equipment which
exhausts air from the room where the heater is
installed can deplete the combustion air supply or
reverse the natural draft action of the venting system.
This could cause flue products to accumulate in the
room. Additional air must be supplied to compensate
for such exhaust.

The information in Table 2 is not applicable in
installations where exhaust fans or blowers of any type
are used. Such installations must be designed by
qualified engineers.

Figure 5. Combustion Air, Indoor Installation.

Page 8

POOL PRODUCTS

The heater must be completely isolated and
protected from any source of corrosive chemical
fumes such as those emitted by trichlorethylene,
perchloroethylene, chlorine, etc.

WARNING

Do not store any chemicals, cleaners, or other
corrosive material near combustion air openings or in
the room. Avoid locating dryer vents in the vicinity of
combustion air openings. Failure to prevent corrosive
materials from mixing with combustion air can result
in reduced heater life and unsafe heater operation.

3.2 Exhaust Venting

The XL-3 heater has a vent collar fitting as part
of the heater's top panel. The diameter of the vent
collar and, thus, the minimum diameter of the vent pipe
to be used is 9 inches. The only correct procedure

for vent pipe sizing is to do so in accordance with
these instructions and the applicable installation
code as stated in the following "Danger"
warning.

DANGER

Vent pipe diameter must be as required by the
National fuel Gas Code Z223.1 or the Canadian
Installation Codes for Gas Appliances CAN 1-B149.1
& 2. Undersize pipe can result in inadequate venting
and oversize pipe can result in vent condensation. In
either case the result can be release of combustion
products to the indoors. This can cause serious
injury or death by carbon monoxide poisoning or
asphyxiation.

3.2.1 Outdoor Installations

For outdoor installations, a factory authorized
vent cap with a 9 inch diameter must be installed and
secured to the vent collar fitting on the top panel of the
heater. Exhaust venting considerations will determine
the placement of the heater (See Section 2.3.4). If the
heater cannot be placed so as to meet the
requirements stated in Section 2.3.4, a vent pipe may
be added to the heater to move the exhaust vent
opening to a position that complies with the
requirements. In all cases, vent pipes must be of the
same diameter as the exhaust outlet of the heater.
Approved vent pipes may be obtained through your
Jandy distributor.

3.2.2 Indoor and Outdoor Shelter
Installations

All indoor installations and outdoor shelter
installations require the addition of a factory approved
barometric draft control. The barometric draft control
must be installed without modification.

All vent installations must be made in accordance
with all local, state or provincial codes and with:

1. Chapter 7, " Venting of Equipment" of the
national Fuel Gas Code, ANSI 223.1 latest
edition, or the applicable provisions of the local
building codes.

2. In Canada, CAN/CGA B149.1 or .2.

Avoid terminating heater vents near air

conditioning or air supply fans. The fans can pick up
exhaust flue products from the heater and return them
inside the building, creating a possible health hazard.

Do not locate the vent terminal where flue

products could strike against building materials and
cause degradation.

Vent opening should be well away from trees or

other obstructions that would prevent free air flow to
and from vent terminal. Do not terminate the vent
under decks, stairways, or carports.

Be sure to support all venting so that connections

will not separate and so that the weight of the vent
pipe does not rest on the heater vent collar. All
connections should be made with rustproof sheet metal
screws. Do not weld or fasten the vent pipe to the
heater vent collar. The heater top must be easily
removable for normal heater service and inspection.

The vent collar outlet is to be connected to an

unobstructed barometric draft control and vent pipe of
the same diameter, terminating in a chimney or directly
outside the building. The vent must terminate at least
two (2) feet (0.6 m) above the highest point of the roof
or other object that is within ten (10) feet (3.0 m) of
the vent termination. The vent pipe must have a listed
vent cap which allows a full equivalent opening for flue
products (see Figure 5).

Install all venting as specified in the latest edition

of the National Fuel Gas Code ANSI Z 223.1 or in
Canada CAN/CGA-B149.1 and B149.2

Run the vent pipe as directly as possible with

minimum turns. Never use a vent smaller than 9"
(23cm). On lateral runs, maintain a minimum pitch of
1/4" (.6cm) per linear foot. If a chimney is used, the
total equivalent straight length of flue piping between
the heater and the chimney should not exceed 75% of
the vertical height of the chimney above the flue pipe
connection. The chimney should be at least 9" (23cm)
diameter. Maintain adequate clearances between the
vent pipe and combustible materials. Check local
codes and the vent manufacturers instructions for
proper clearances. The 7" (18cm) dia. inner stack
must be in place.

Any change in the amount of draft in the

combustion chamber can affect the flame
characteristics. An approved barometric draft control
must be used on all indoor installations to maintain a
clean and consistent flame (see Figure 6). When the
system is properly adjusted, the pressure in the stack
below the draft control will be approximately minus
.03" W.C. If this draft pressure cannot be achieved,
the chimney is too short or too small. Take corrective
action.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 9

Figure 6. Venting, Indoor Installation.

Avoid locating the chimney termination in a
location susceptible to downdraft conditions, or near
ventilation inlets to the building.

When venting multiple appliances through one
common duct, each appliance must have it's own
barometric draft control (see Figure 6). Refer to ANSI
Z223.1 or, in Canada, to CAN/CGA B149.1 or 2 for
more information on multiple venting.

SECTION 4.
Fuel Connections

4.1 Fuel Supply and Piping

Review the following general instructions before
continuing the installation.

WARNING

The Laars XL-3 pool and spa heater was designed for
use only with #2 fuel oil or #2 diesel. DO NOT

ATTEMPT TO CONVERT THIS HEATER FOR USE
WITH ANY OTHER TYPE OF FUEL.

1. Fuel piping installation must be in accordance

with all local or national codes that apply. Local

ordinances take priority over national codes.

2. Check the fuel supply to be sure that only #2 fuel
oil or #2 diesel fuel will be used to supply the
heater. Laars XL-3 heaters, as shipped from the
factory, are certified to operate at sea level but
the burner air shutter can be adjusted to operate
the heater efficiently at high altitudes

3. Use the figures in Table 3 to size the fuel inlet
piping from the fuel storage tank to the heater.
Check all local codes for compliance before
installing the heater.

4. Always install the fuel filter provided with the
heater in the fuel inlet pipe just outside the heater
jacket.

5. Install an approved shutoff valve at the fuel
storage tank for service and safety.

6. Before operating the heater, test the complete
gas supply system and all connections for leaks.

All XL-3 heaters are equipped with two-stage

fuel units. This enables the heater to be connected
with a either a single pipe or a two pipe fuel supply
system. In locations where the fuel storage tank is
above the level of the heater inlet, a single pipe system
may be used. Water Pik Technologies recommends a
two-pipe system, with a supply line and a return line
between the heater and the tank (see Figure 7), for all

Page 10

other installations. When using a two-pipe system,
install the bypass plug in the fuel unit. The plug is
shipped in the small plastic bag attached to the oil
burner. The location for the plug is shown on the decal
on the end of the fuel unit. Remove the large hex-head
fitting and insert the plug using an Allen wrench.
Check the instructions attached to the fuel pump for
proper fuel connections. Compression fittings are not
recommended.

POOL PRODUCTS

Figure 8. Oil Filter Installation.

ONE-PIPE SYSTEM

TWO-PIPE SYSTEM

Figure 7. One-Pipe and Two-Pipe Systems.

See Table 3 for correct fuel line sizes. NEVER

USE TUBING SMALLER THAN 3/8" (1cm).

Water Pik Technologies provides an oil filter with
the XL-3 heater. Install this filter using the fittings
provided for convenient servicing of the oil burner and
filter (see Figure 8). Post a notice near the heater
stating filter service frequency.

Provide a code approved, high quality shutoff
valve at the oil supply tank.

Table 3. Fuel Line Sizes.
Lift From
Bottom of Total Tubing Total Tubing
Storage Tank Length Allowed Length Allowed
to Fuel Pump Using 3/8" dia. Using 1/2" dia.
on Heater Pipe Pipe

0 ft. (0.0m) 68 ft. (20.7m) 100 ft. (30.5m)
2 ft. (0.6m) 63 ft. (1 9.2m) 100 ft. (30.5m)
4 ft. (1.2m) 58 ft. (17.7m) 100 ft. (30.5m)
6 ft. (1.8m) 53 ft. (16.2 m) 100 ft. (30.5m)

8 ft. (2.4m) 48 ft. (14.6m) 100 ft. (30.5m)
10 ft. (3.0m) 42 ft. (12.8m) 100 ft. (30.5m)
12 ft. (3.7m) 37 ft. (11.3m) 100 ft. (30.5m)
14 ft. (4.3m) 32 ft. ( 9.8m) 100 ft. (30.5m)
16 ft. (4.9m) 27 ft. ( 8.3m) 100 ft. (30.5m)
18 ft. (5.5m) 22 ft. ( 6.7m) 88 ft. (26.8m)

SECTION 5.
Water Connections

5.1 Water Piping

Figure 9 illustrates typical piping for pool

equipment.

The heater must be protected from back­siphoning of water, which can result in dry starts. If
there is any chance of back-siphoning, provide a check
valve between the pool and the filter pump inlet.

Arrangement of pool system components other
than as illustrated in these diagrams can affect the
operation of the heaters water pressure switch.
Location of the heater above or below the pool water
surface can also affect operation of the switch. In
general, the pressure switch can be adjusted to
accommodate this effect if the heater water
connections are no more than six feet below the pool
water surface and no more than 15 feet above it. See
instructions for pressure switch adjustment (Section

7.6) for more information about this.

Note that when pool equipment is located below
the pool surface a leak can result in large scale water
loss or flooding. Water Pik Technologies cannot be
responsible for such water loss or flooding or the
damage caused by either occurrence.

5.2 Check Valve Installation

For normal installations, do not install a shutoff
valve or any kind of variable restriction in the water
piping between the heater outlet and the pool/spa.

Install a check valve if there is any chance of
back-siphoning when the pump stops. Do not install any
other valve in the piping between the heater outlet and
the pool, unless it is being used as a diverter valve. For
special installations such as water connections below
the water level of the pool, or for other questions
contact the Water Pik Technologies Technical Service
department at [phone] ext. 260.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 11

Thermometer For
Testing Temperature
Rise

Manual bypass is used
only when filtration rate
normally exceeds
60 gallons per minute

Figure 9. Water Piping.

5.3 Automatic Flow Control Valve

The inlet/outlet header of the XL-3 heater comes
equipped with an automatic flow control valve. The
automatic flow control valve maintains the proper flow
through the heater at rates up to approximately 60
Gallons Per Minute (GPM) (227 liters per minute
[LPM]). If the filter system flow rate is higher than
approximately 60 GPM (227 LPM), install a manual
bypass valve (see Figure 9), then perform a
temperature rise test (see Section 7.7) and adjust the
flow using the bypass valve until the proper
temperature rise is obtained.

5.4 Reversible Water Connections

The XL-3 heater is shipped with water
connections on the right side, but changing the
connections to the left side could simplify the
installation or improve access for service and
maintenance. Make the change before locating and
connecting the heater. This procedure for reversing
the connections involves removing the heat exchanger
and reinstalling it turned 180° from it's original position.
Some of the heater wiring and control components
must be relocated, so this procedure must be done only
by a qualified service technician.

Heat exchanger reversals are generally done
before the installation of power and water to the
heater. If you need to reverse the heat exchanger on a
previously installed heater be sure that all electrical
power, the gas supply and water supply have been
turned off before starting the procedure.

Follow these step-by-step instructions and
Figures 10 and 11 to reverse the heat exchanger:

1. Remove the control compartment door.

2. Remove the chimney cap assembly, or
barometric draft control if one is installed, and the
inner stack (1).

3. Remove the eight screws (2) securing the top
assembly and lift off.

4. Lift out the flue collector assembly (3).

5. Lift off both heat exchanger end baffles (4).

6. Remove the siphon loop cover (5) located on the
right side of the heater under the In-Out header.

7. Remove both gap spacers (6).

8. Disconnect the siphon loop from the header (7).

9. Remove both drain extensions (8) (one at each
side of the heat exchanger) and the 1/4" plug (9).

10. Carefully remove the insulation at each corner of
the heat exchanger; it will be reused. Remove
the four hold-down screws (10).

11. Unplug the electrical connector at the switch box
inside the control compartment (11). At the other
end of the conduit, loosen the brass compression
fitting one or two turns. Rotate the conduit
assembly and lay it on top of the heat exchanger.

WARNING

The heat exchange is heavy. FOR YOUR SAFETY it
may be necessary to have help lifting the heat
exchange out of the heater and replacing it.

Page 12

POOL PRODUCTS

18. Replace the gap spacers (6) on the opposite side
of the heater from their original position.

19. Reinstall any previously removed rubber
grommets and replace siphon loop cover (5).

20. Replace the heat exchanger end baffles (4).

21. Reinstall the flue collector assembly (3).

22. Replace the top assembly and fasten it in place
with the eight screws (2) previously removed.
Install the inner stack

23. Reinstall the inner stack (1). Install the chimney
cap assembly, or barometric draft control if one
was removed.

Figure 10. Heat Exchanger Reversal.

12. Lift out and rotate the heat exchanger (12).
Make sure the insulation strips that were under
the header bars stay in position.

13. Rotate the conduit assembly and attach it to the
switch box (11). Tighten the compression nut on
the other end.

14. Reinstall the screws (10) through the hold-down
clips at each corner of the heat exchanger. Put
the insulation back in the corners.

15. Reinstall the drain extensions (8) and 1/4" plug
(9) in the positions shown in Figure. 5.

16. Straighten the siphon loop tubing (7) and install it
in the header at the original position of the 1/4"
drain plug (see Figure 5).

17. Remove the vent blades (13) from both gap
spacers. Reinstall the vent blades using the
previously unoccupied holes in each of the gap
spacers.

Figure 11. Connection Locations.

5.5 Connections at Heater

Connect the inlet and outlet piping to the
universal flange couplings on the heater as shown in
Figure 12. The inlet and outlet ports on the heater are
clearly marked with arrows on top of the control
cover.

The flanged couplings accept either threaded iron
pipe, 1-1/2" NPT, unthreaded 1-1/4" iron pipe, or
1-1/2" copper tubing (see Fig. 12).

Connect the pool heater between the pump and
filter and the pool or spa. If the system flow rate
exceeds 60 gpm (227 lpm), install a manual bypass
valve between the heater inlet and outlet (see Figure

9). If the flow rate is below 60 gpm (227 lpm), the
automatic, built-in bypass valve will maintain the
proper flow through the heater.

If a manual bypass is required, see section 7.6 of
this manual for the proper procedure for adjustment.

Install a check valve and heat sink pipe in the
heater inlet if any part of the piping or filter system
uses plastic materials (see Figure 9).

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 13

5.7 Auxiliary Components, Chlorinators,
Ozone Generators, and Sanitizing
Chemicals

The XL-3 heater is manufactured with materials

that are not compatible with high concentrations of
ozone, chlorine, bromine, or other sanitizing chemicals.
Heater damage caused by excessive chemicals or
improper ozonization is not covered by the Jandy
warranty. Be sure to adhere to the following:

 When ozone is injected upstream of the heater,

install an offgas mixing chamber, or an ozone
bypass system between the heater and the ozone
injector to prevent ozone and air from entering
the heater.

 When chemical feeders are used, plumb the

feeder downstream of the heater and at a lower
position than the heater outlet. Install an in-line
check valve between the heater and the feeder

Figure 12. Water Connections.

5.6 Pressure Relief Valve

A pressure relief valve (PRV) is recommended
in all installations, and is mandatory in any installation
in which the water flow can be shut off between the
heater outlet and the pool/spa.

A pressure relief valve is not furnished with the
heater. Check local building and plumbing codes to
determine if a pressure relief valve is required. An
appropriately rated relief valve is required for
protection of the filter system if there is a shut-off
valve installed between the heater and the pool .

The working pressure of the XL-3 heater is 75
psig. However, the pressure rating of the valve should
be at or below the lowest working pressure of any
component in the system. The threads on the PRV
mount must be 3/4" NPT or a 3/4" NPT adapter may
be used as long as the inside diameter of the adapter is
not less than the inside diameter of the PRV mount.
Any pressure relief valve installed must comply with
provisions of the standard described in ANSI Z21.22
for the United States or CAN1-4.6 in Canada. If a
pressure relief valve is not required, leave the standard
3/4" brass plug in place.

To install a pressure relief valve, do the following:

to prevent chemicals from siphoning into the
heater after the pump shuts off. A minimum of
18" is required between the heater and the check
valve.

 Wire the electric chlorinator so it cannot operate

unless the filter pump is running. If the
chlorinator has an independent clock control,
synchronize the filter pump and chlorinator
clocks, so the chlorinator only operates during the
filter cycle.

 Never deposit chemicals directly in the pool

skimmer.

1. Remove the 3/4 inch plug from the side of the

inlet/outlet header (see Fig. 13).

2. Mount the PRV directly to the inlet/outlet header

by threading it into the hole.

3. Route the discharge piping so that steam from

the pipe does not endanger anyone near the

heater. Refer to your local installation codes for

more detailed information. The working pressure

of the XL-3 heater is 75 psig.

Figure 13. Pressure Relief Valve.

Page 14

POOL PRODUCTS

SECTION 6.
Electrical

CAUTION

Label all wires prior to disconnection when servicing
controls. Wiring errors can cause improper and
dangerous operation.
Verify proper operation after servicing.

6.1 General Information

Wiring connections must be made exactly as
shown in the wiring diagram found on the inside of the
heater (see Figure 14). The heater must include a
definite means of grounding. There is a bonding lug on
the right side of the heater, where a bond wire must be
attached.

6.2 Main Power

Electrical wiring must be in accordance with the
latest edition of the National Electric Code (NEC),
ANSI/National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
70, unless local code requirements indicate otherwise.

The heater comes factory-wired intended for
use with 115 VAC, 60 Hz, single phase field
electrical supply (voltage may vary by ± 10%).
Do not attempt to connect the heater to any
other type of electrical source. Doing so will
damage the heater and void the warranty.

Electrical connections must be done by a certified
electrician only, as with all wiring.

CAUTION

Do not provide power to the heater from the high
voltage side of a time clock or pump relay. Doing so
may cause damage to the heater or surrounding
plumbing.

To wire the Laars XL-3 heater to a 115V/60
Hertz (Hz) electrical source:

1. Remove the door of the heater.

2. Remove the screws that hold the connection box

cover and remove the cover.

6.3 Bonding

CAUTION

This heater must be connected to a bonding grid with
a solid copper wire not smaller in diameter than 8 ga.

The National Electrical Code and most other
codes require that all metallic components of a pool
structure, including reinforcing steel, metal fittings and
above ground equipment be bonded together with a
solid copper conductor not smaller than a number 8
wire. The heater, along with pumps and other such
equipment must be connected to this bonding grid. A
special labeled bonding lug is provided on the right side

of the heater to accommodate this requirement.

6.4 Auxiliary Time Clock Wiring

Electrical wiring must be in accordance with the
latest edition of the National Electric Code (NEC),
ANSI/National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
70, unless local code requirements indicate otherwise.

A time clock which will automatically turn the
pool system OFF and ON provides convenience and
safety, and is more economical. If you install a time
clock to control the filter pump operation, it is
recommended that the time clock have its own low
voltage (Firemans) switch to turn off the heater
before turning off the pump . The switch should shut
off the heater about 15 minutes before the filter pump
shuts off. This allows the water flow to carry away
residual heat in the firebox without damage to the
heater or other parts of the system and increase
efficiency by removing any residual heat contained in
the heat exchanger and directing it back to the pool.

To install a time clock auxiliary switch into the
heater circuit, follow these instructions:

1. Remove heater door.

2. Locate and remove the wire nut at the fireman

switch connection. The connection has a tag

identifying the wires and showing instructions for

the connection.

3. Run the wires to the heater through the knockout

on the right side of the heater body.

3. Connect the wires from the power source to the
leads on the right side of the heater in the
connection box. Connect the ground wire to the
ground screw at the bottom of the connection
box that is labeled for that purpose.

NOTE: No external junction box is required.

Run all field-supplied wires in conduit to the

knockout at the bottom of the ON/OFF switch box.

A separate lug is on the exterior of the heater for

a system bonding conductor as required by Article 680
of the National Electric Code, ANSI C1 -1975.

4. Connect the low voltage wires from the time
clock auxiliary switch to the two wires of the
fireman switch connection. Use American Wire
Gage (AWG) No. 14 gauge stranded copper
wire with a temperature rating of 227°F (105°C)
or greater. Position the field-installed wires away
from the inner panel.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 15

Figure 14. Wiring Diagram, 60 Hz Model.

SECTION 7.
Operating Instructions

7.1 Normal Operation

The XL-3 heater is capable of automatic
operation based on a call for heat at preset
temperatures. The heater has an internal safety
system which allows operation in a variety of
conditions and prevents operation when certain
adverse conditions are encountered.

When the heater is powered, water is flowing
through the heater, and the temperature of the water
entering the heater is below the temperature control
setting, an operating cycle is initiated by the automatic
control. The ignition cell will energize, the burner
motor will start and fuel will be forced through the
nozzle into the firebox where it is ignited. Operation
will continue until the temperature of the water
entering the heater reaches the temperature control
setting.

If ignition is unsuccessful, or if the flame fails
during normal operation, the ignition control shuts off
the motor. Subsequent cycles are initiated after the
reset button on the ignition control is pushed.

When every part of the system is working
properly, the heater will go through the following
detailed sequence:

2. The heater thermostat calls for heat completing
the circuit between the two thermostat terminals
on the primary control of the oil burner.

3. The primary safety control on the oil burner goes
through a self-test sequence. One of the steps in
the sequence is to check out the cadmium cell
flame detector. If the cad cell senses light, the
burner will not fire. If everything checks out, the
burner motor and ignition transformer are
powered. The ignition transformer operates
during the entire burner operation.

4. If the cad cell does not sense a good flame within
30 seconds the primary control de-energizes the
motor and ignition transformer. This turns off the
heater. It can be manually restarted by pushing
the reset button after waiting about one minute.

5. During the period when the filter pump is running,
which is set by the time clock, the thermostat will
turn the burner on and off as required to maintain
the water temperature set on the thermostat.

6. If a time clock is used, the contacts in the
Fireman switch open about 20 minutes before the
pool filter cycle is completed. This shuts off the
oil burner. The oil burner cannot be restarted
during this period. The filter pump continues to
run for another 20 minutes, transferring any heat
stored in the firebox to the pool.

1. When the filter pump builds up enough pressure
in the piping, the contacts in the heater pressure
switch close.

Page 16

POOL PRODUCTS

7.2 Start-up

WARNING

Vent pipes, and heater tops get hot! These surfaces
can cause serious burns. Do not touch these
surfaces while the heater is in operation.

CAUTION

Do not use this heater if any part has been under
water. Immediately call a qualified service technician
to inspect the heater and replace any part of the
control system and any fuel control which has been
under water.

CAUTION

Should overheating occur or the fuel supply fail to
shut off, turn off the manual shut-off valve at the
storage tank.

CAUTION

Do not attempt repairs on the fuel controls or
appliance. Tampering is dangerous and voids all
warranties.

Be sure that there is water in the pool and that
the surface level is above the skimmer or other inlet of
the pool's filter system.

Confirm that pool water is flowing normally
through the pool system and equipment. With any new
pool or spa installation, operate the filter pump with the
heater off long enough to completely clean the water.
This will remove any installation residue from the
water. Clean the filter at the end of this operation,
before starting the heater.

WARNING

Inspect the firebox after installation and after
prolonged periods of non use. Do not try to light the
burner if the firebox shows any signs of damage or
deterioration. Call your service technician.

Each heater is fully inspected and tested before it
leaves the factory. However, rough handling may
cause damage to the firebox during shipping. At initial
start-up and at start-up after a prolonged period of non
use, inspect the firebox for damage or deterioration.
Remove the cover plate and plug from the inspection
hole (see Figure 15). Use a mechanic's mirror to
inspect the inside of the firebox. If the firebox shows
cracks or deterioration, do not attempt to start the
heater. Immediately call your service technician.

Start the heater in accordance with the Operating
Instructions section of this manual, with particular
attention to the lighting instructions and temperature
control operation.

To start the heater, be sure the pump is running
and move the lever of the ON/OFF switch to the on
position (see Figure 16). The heater may not start on
the first try. Air in the fuel line (see Section 7.4) or
other start-up situations may cause it to cycle. To
provide additional attempts, push the reset button on
the ignition control.

When the heater starts, immediately feel the
outlet header of the heater to confirm that there is
adequate water flow. The header should not be hot.
Normally, water temperature will rise only a few
degrees as it passes through the heater, and a "hot"
header or pipe indicates low water flow.

WARNING

When the heater is fired for the first time, the
combustion chamber refractory binder material is
driven out by the heat of the flame. White smoke
and/or sharp odors may be emitted from the vent
during this period. Do not inhale combustion product
fumes at any time, and especially when these fumes
are being emitted. This "burn-in" period may last an
hour or more.

Figure 15. Inspection Hole Location. Figure 16. Heater's ON/OFF switch in OFF position.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 17

ONLY A QUALIFIED SERVICE
TECHNICIAN MUST START THE OIL
BURNER FOR THE FIRST TIME AND AFTER
A PROLONGED PERIOD OF NON USE.

Check the operation of the burner. Make sure of
the proper air adjustment. The air shutter is factory set
for 12% C0

, but verify this after installation. When

2

starting the heater, follow these steps:

1. Start the filter pump. Let it run for about five

minutes to free any trapped air.

Figure 17. Heater's Temperature control.

When raising the temperature of a cold pool,
program the time clock to turn the pump off 23 hours
after the start time (i.e. If the start time is 2:00 PM,
then set the stop time at 1:00 PM.). This lets the filter
system and heater operate continuously until the water
reaches the temperature setting on the temperature
control. When that happens, the heater will
automatically shut off, but the filter pump will continue
running.

7.3 Temperature Control

The XL-3 heater has an ON/OFF switch located
on the right side of the heater (see Figure 16). This
switch must be in the ON position for the heater to
operate.

There is a temperature control located just above
the inlet/outlet header (see Figure 17). The
temperature control has a thermostat that will sense
the temperature of the water entering the heater and
will automatically turn the heater off when the water
has reached the temperature set by the control knob.
The control is not calibrated to show actual
temperature settings. The water in the pool must be
monitored with an accurate pool thermometer. When
the water in the pool reaches the desired temperature,
slowly turn the knob on the temperature control
counterclockwise until the burner shuts off.

Important: The temperature controls cannot be
calibrated in the field. If the control is faulty, shut
down the heater, turn off the fuel supply and have a
qualified service technician replace the control.

7.4 Lighting the Heater

Before starting the oil burner, check the wiring to
make sure there are no loose connections. Check all
fuel line connections for tightness. Open the fuel
shutoff valves at the heater and the tank.

Caution

Do not try to light the burner if excessive oil has
accumulated in the firebox, or when the heater is full
of vapors.

2. Set the thermostat well above the pool water
temperature.

3. Turn the heater switch to the ON position. If the
burner motor does not start immediately, reset
the manual overload switches on the motor and
primary control. If the motor runs but the burner
fails to light, it may be necessary to bleed air
from the fuel line.

4. When the heater is attached to a two-pipe
system, the fuel pump will automatically vent air
out of the fuel lines. If there is a lot of air, the
primary control may shut the burner down before
all the air has been purged. If this happens, wait
2 minutes, then press the reset button on the
primary control. Repeat this procedure until all
the air has been vented and the unit fires properly
(see NOTE below). If a one-pipe system is used,
it must be thoroughly purged of air using the vent
plug on the oil pump. See the instructions
included in the bag attached to the oil pump for
more details.

5. On initial start-up and at the start-up after a
prolonged period of non use such as the
beginning of a new pool season also do the
following.

Check the initial air adjustment (see Fig. 18).
Normally, the bulk air band (A) and the end air
shutter (B) should be partially open. It is factory
set for both indoor and outdoor installations, but
check it again after completing the installation by
measuring the C0

, It should be 12% C02 with

2

zero smoke. Set a barometric draft control to
give .02" to .03" W.C. draft below the draft
control when the heater is installed indoors.

IMPORTANT: If there is no ignition after three

reset attempts, stop. Check for accumulated oil in the
firebox. Remove all unburned oil with dry rags before
continuing the restart procedure. If there is no oil
accumulated, try three more resets. If there is still no
ignition, have a qualified oil service technician bleed
the fuel line and check for ignition problems.
When the heater does fire, oil which is in the
firebox will cause considerable smoke as it burns off.

Page 18

Figure 18. Initial Air Adjustment.

6. Set the thermostat to the desired temperature.
Until the pool water reaches a temperature of
approximately 70°F (21°C), there may be
condensate on the heat exchanger. This will stop
after the water reaches the right temperature.

If the heater is installed in an enclosed area, keep

all doors and windows open during the first two hours
of operation. After a long shutdown, there may be
some smoke-like emissions from the heater when it is
first fired. This condition will only last a few minutes.

7.5. Setting the Time Clock

The most economical and trouble-free way of

operating a pool heater and filter system is to include a
time clock in the system for automatic cycling.

Adjust the stops on the time clock to provide a

single filter cycle every 24 hours.

The ON cycle should be at least 12 hours to

allow the filter system to properly clean the pool. Set
the ON cycle at least 4 to 6 hours before the pool is to
be used. During cold spells, the heater may have to be
on longer to maintain the proper pool temperature.

Remove all stops on the time clock during these

periods.

IMPORTANT: Run the heater continuously

during the initial warm-up period by removing all time
clock stops. If the pool temperature is going to be
maintained on standby temperature, operate the filter
pump until the water temperature reaches 70°F
(21°C). If the pool is going to be used for swimming,
bring the water up to swimming temperature before
replacing the time clock stops.

POOL PRODUCTS

7.6 Adjusting the Water Pressure Switch

CAUTION

The water pressure switch should be adjusted to turn
the heater off when the pump is off. Setting the
switch to close at too low of a flow can damage the
appliance. Adjust the switch to turn the heater off,
not on.

The pressure switch is preset at the factory for
activation at 2 psi (14 kPa). However, it is adjustable
in the range of 0.5 psi to 15 psi. Adjust the pressure
switch only if any part of the filter system piping or
water level of the pool is 3 feet (0.91 m) or more
above or below the top of the heater jacket.

Do not adjust the pressure switch if the heater is
installed more than 15 feet (4.57 m) below or 6 feet
(1.83 m) above the pool surface. Consult your local
Jandy representative for recommendations.

On some installations, the piping from the heater
to the pool is very short. The back pressure could be
too low to trigger the pressure switch. If this happens,
it may be necessary to install a directional fitting or
elbows where the return line enters the pool. This will
increase back pressure enough for the heater to
operate properly.

Make sure the pool filter is clean before making
any pressure switch adjustment: A dirty filter will
restrict the water flow and the pressure switch cannot
be adjusted properly.

To adjust the pressure switch, proceed as
follows:

1. Set the heater control to the "OFF" position.

2. Start the filter pump and confirm by means of an

meter that the pressure switch closes. If the

switch fails to close, slowly turn the thumb wheel

on the pressure switch counterclockwise (when

looking at the electrical connections end of the

switch) until the switch closes. If the switch still

fails to close call your Jandy representative or the

Water Pik Technologies Technical Service

Department at 707.776.8200 extension 260.

3. Turn the thermostat to the maximum setting and

set the heater control to the 'ON' position. The

heater should start.

4. Turn the thumb wheel on the pressure switch

very slowly clockwise until the heater goes off.

5. Slowly turn the pressure switch thumb wheel

counterclockwise one-quarter turn. The heater

should come back on.

When the water reaches the temperature level
on the thermostat, the heater will turn off
automatically, but the filter pump will continue to run
for about 20 minutes.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 19

6. Check the adjustment by turning the filter pump
OFF. The heater's burner should shut off
immediately. If it does not, restart the filter pump
and repeat Steps 5 and 6. Check the adjustment
again.

7. Return the pool temperature control to the
desired temperature.

It may be necessary to repeat these steps to get

a proper setting. The switch must be set so that the
heater will not fire unless the pump is running. If a
proper setting cannot be reached, contact the factory
service department.

7.7 Temperature Rise

The Laars XL-3 pool and spa heater has an

internal bypass which accommodates a wide range of
water flow. The bypass assures constant heat
exchanger flow even though flow through the filter
system will vary depending on how dirty the filter is.

For most installations, an external bypass valve is

not needed in the heater water piping. This is due to
the large size of the heater's internal bypass valve. If
the pump flow rate is known to significantly exceed
60 gpm (3.8 l/s), an external bypass will be needed to
assure proper heater operation.

Water flow should be confirmed upon start-up of

the heater and in most servicing situations. If the flow
is not normal, corrections must be made to the pool
system. Flow is evaluated by determining the water
temperature rise through the heat exchanger.

Before checking the temperature rise, make sure

that the pool filter is clean. If necessary, clean all
components of the filter system. Temperature rise is
measured in the outlet of the far-right tubes when
facing the inlet/outlet water heater. To measure the
temperature rise, turn off the filter pump and remove
the 1/4" brass plug to the right of, and just below the
level of the outlet water pipe. This is mounted flush
with the heater jacket (see Figure 19). With the plug
removed, install the special thread adapter and
"Petes" plug fitting and insert a pocket thermometer.
A temperature rise measurement kit is available
through your Jandy distributor. See section 10 of this
manual for the correct kit number.

Use the following procedure to adjust the

external bypass valve to assure proper water flow
through the heat exchanger.

Figure 19. Thermometer Placement.

6. After three minutes, note and record the
thermometer reading. This is the pool water
temperature.

7. Start the heater by setting the control to the "ON"
position and set the thermostat high enough to
call for heat. Allow the heater to operate for five
minutes or more. Note and record the
thermometer reading. Subtract pool water
temperature from this reading. This difference is
the temperature rise. If your measured
temperature rise is within the range of 16° to
20°F (8.9° to 11.1°C), skip step 8.

8. Gradually open the manual bypass valve until the
temperature rise falls within the range of 16° to
20°F (8.9° to 11.1°C)

9. After obtaining the correct temperature rise,
scribe a line on the bypass shaft and case to
mark the correct adjustment position. Wire or
remove the valve handle to prevent tampering.

If temperature rise is too high, there is inadequate

flow, possibly requiring a change to the piping system
or a larger pump. Before proceeding with any
changes, verify proper heater operation. A problem
with the heater's internal bypass assembly will effect
measured temperature rise.

1. Clean the filter.

2. Install a thermometer in the 1/4" NPT threaded
opening in the front header casting as shown in
Figure 19.

3 Close the manual bypass valve.

4. Set the heater's control to the "OFF" position.

5. Start the filter pump.

SECTION 8.
Maintenance

8.1 Water Chemistry

The mineral content of swimming pool water
increases daily due to natural evaporation and the
addition of sanitizing chemicals. If the mineral
concentration in the pool gets too high, the excess
minerals will deposit on the walls of the pool, in the
filter system, and in the heater tubes.

Page 20

The proper chemical balance in spa water is
more critical than in a swimming pool heater operation.
Due to the spa's size, high water temperature and
heavy usage, chemical values in a spa can vary
greatly. This chemical imbalance can result in
unsanitary water conditions, and affect the life of the
heater.

Proper chemical balances are necessary for
sanitary bathing conditions as well as ensuring your
heater's long life. Kits are available from your local
pool supply dealer for making the various test for
mineral content. One of these kits will detect copper in
the system. The is usually a warning that corrosion is
taking place, possibly due to a low pH value combined
with other chemistry problems. The condition can be
corrected by changing the spa water and closely
monitoring the pH factor and chemical properties of
the water. Be sure to keep your chemical levels
within the values indicated in Table 4. Water Pik

does not warrant heat exchangers damaged by
corrosive chemical levels or excess dissolved
solids in pool or spa water.

For spas, it is also necessary to perform water
changes in addition to chemical treatment. It is
recommended to change the spa water every 60 days
for light usage and every 30 days if usage is heavy.

POOL PRODUCTS

Table 4. Chemical Concentration Levels

Test Recommended Level

Free Chlorine or 1.0 to 3.0 ppm

Bromine 3.0 to 5.0 ppm

pH 7.2 to 7.6

Total Alkalinity (TA) 80 to 120 ppm

Calcium Hardness (CH) 200 to 400 ppm

Langelier Saturation Index (SI) -0.5 to +0.5

Cyanuric Acid 30 to 150 ppm

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Less than 2000 ppm

Copper 0 ppm

8.2 Seasonal Care

CAUTION

Do not operate this heater outdoors at temperatures
below 32 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) (0 degrees Celsius
[°C]).

Figure 20. Heater Drains.

If the heater is not going to be used for a long
period of time, shut it down completely by turning off
the main switch on the right side of the heater.

8.2.2 Winterizing

The heater could be seriously damaged by
freezing temperatures if it is not properly
drained. Evidence of improper winterizing will
void the warranty

In areas where freezing temperatures occur in
winter and the pool or spa will not be used, have your
service technician perform the following steps:

1. Turn off the main fuel supply to the heater, using

the shut off valve in the supply line at the storage

tank.

8.2.1 Spring and Fall Operation

During periods when the pool is only going to be
used occasionally, set the control temperatures to the
lowest setting possible. See Section 7.3. This prevents
the pool water from becoming chilled, and minimizes
the time required to raise the pool water back up to the
desired temperature.

2. Remove heater door.

3. Turn off the heater at the main switch on the
right side of the heater. If the heater is on it's
own circuit breaker, it is a good idea to switch
the breaker off.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 21

4. Remove both drain plugs from the heater. One is
located on the right side of the inlet/outlet header
(see Figure 20), The other is located on the left
side of the heater in the return header. Com­pletely drain the heater before the first frost.

5. After all water has drained from the heater,
check for mineral buildup in the openings.

6. Use compressed air to blow out any standing
water remaining in the heat exchanger.

7. Grease the threads on both drain plugs and ports
and place the drain plugs in a safe place for the
winter. Do not reinstall the drain plugs until the
heater is to be started again.

8. Remove the siphon loop cover from the right side
of the heater.

9. Remove the compression nut attaching the siphon
loop tube to the pressure switch near the front of
the heater.

10. Allow the siphon loop to drain.

NOTE: The XL-3 heater is not designed for

continuous use to combat freezing temperatures. Keep
the temperature at a minimum 70°F (21°C) or shut the
heater down completely.

Operating the heater for long periods at or near

freezing water temperature can seriously damage the
heater, and may create a dangerous condition by
fouling the external heat exchanger passages, causing
incomplete combustion. Even with water flowing
through the system, ice may build up in the pipes,
restricting the flow of the water to the heater and
damaging the heat exchanger.

8.2.3 Spring Start-up

To restart the heater in the spring, have a

qualified professional technician reassemble the heater
as follows:

1. Fill the siphon loop with approximately 5cc of
SAE 50, non-detergent oil. Attach the copper
tubing to the pressure switch.

2. Install the drain plugs in the ports on both head­ers.

3. Make sure that power is supplied to the pump.
Turn on the filter pump and circulate water
through the heater for 5 minutes. Check for leaks
while circulating.

4. Turn on the main fuel supply to the heater at the
shut off valve near the storage tank.

5. If a circuit breaker was switched off during the
winter, be sure that the breaker is back on.

6. Turn on the heater following the start-up instruc­tions in this manual (see Section 7.2).

8.3 Inspection and Service

Water Pik Technologies designs and constructs

the Laars XL-3 heater to provide long performance
life when installed and operated properly under normal
conditions. Periodic inspections, especially at spring
start-up, are important to keep your heater running
safely and efficiently through the years.

WARNING

Improper installation or maintenance can cause
nausea or asphyxiation from carbon monoxide in flue
gases which could result in severe injury, or death.

8.3.1 Owner Inspection and Maintenance

Water Pik Technologies recommends that you

inspect the heater on a continual basis and especially
after abnormal weather conditions. The following basic
guidelines are suggested for your inspection:

1. Keep the top and surrounding area of the heater
clear of all debris.

2. Keep the area around and beneath the heater
clean and free of all combustible materials such
as paper, leaves, etc.

3. Do not store or use gasoline or other flammable
vapors, liquids or chemicals in the vicinity of this
or any other appliance.

4. Do not use this heater if any part has been under
water. Immediately call a qualified service
technician to inspect the heater and replace any
part of the control system, firebox and any fuel
control which has been under water.

5. If the heater is equipped with a pressure relief
valve, check for corrosion in and around the
valve. Twice a year, with the filter pump on, lift
the release lever on the top of the valve to make
sure that water runs freely through it. If corro­sion is found, replace the pressure relief valve.
When replacing the valve, be sure that the pump
is off. Install the valve so that the discharge is
directed away from any area that may be
damaged by water.

6. Be sure all combustion air and ventilation open­ings are not blocked. Check for spider webs and
other debris in the air band, end air shutter and in
the exhaust outlet especially after a long period
of nonuse.

7. Visually inspect the firebox for damage and
deterioration.

Page 22

POOL PRODUCTS

NOTE: Keep this manual in a safe place for
future reference by you and your professional
technician when inspecting and servicing the heater.

8.3.2 Professional Inspection and
Maintenance

Inspections performed at least once a year by a
qualified technician are required to maintain your
heater's safe and efficient operation. The following
basic safety checks must be performed.

1. Check for loose or broken wires and terminal

connections.

2. Make sure that the pressure switch operates

properly by shutting the filter pump off and on a

few times. The burner should go off immediately

after the pump stops. An ignition sequence

should start shortly after the pump is turned back

on.

3. Inspect the electrical controls, specifically the

following:

a. High limit controls.

b. Water pressure switch.

c. Fuel burner operation.

d. Temperature control.

e. Control circuit fuse.

f. Ignition control.

g. Cad cell.

4. Inspect the venting system for blockage, leakage,

and corrosion.

5. Replace the in-line oil filter cartridge once a year.

12. Clean the heat exchanger using the following
schedule:

After installation and first start-up, check the
heat exchanger for black carbon soot buildup
after the following periods of operation: 24 hours,
7 days, 30 days, 90 days and once every 6
months thereafter, preferably at the end of the
swimming season.

Caution

Black carbon soot on a dirty heat exchanger can,
under certain circumstances, be ignited by a random
spark or open flame. To prevent this from happening,
dampen the soot deposits with a wet brush or fine
water spray before servicing or cleaning the heat
exchanger.

Caution

Be careful to avoid damaging the firebox material
when cleaning the heat exchanger or inspecting the
heater. Keep water out of the firebox. Be sure to
replace the gasket, inspection plug and retainer when
the cleaning or inspection is complete.

Clean the heat exchanger as follows:

a. Remove the heater top assembly and flue

collector.

b. Remove the inspection hole cover (see Fig. 15).

c. Remove the V baffles (the retaining wire does

not have to be replaced)

d. Use an ordinary kitchen brush to brush across

the top of the heat exchanger between the tube
fins.

6. Check for spider webs or other obstructions in
the air shutters and bands  especially at Spring
start-up. Clean with wire brush if necessary.

7. Conduct a normal operating cycle and observe
that the sequence proceeds as intended.

8. If the heater is equipped with a pressure relief
valve, clean any accumulated corrosion and
make sure that water runs freely.

9. Inspect the inside of the firebox and burner for
deterioration and indication of improper opera­tion.

10. Perform a temperature rise test in accordance
with Section 7.7 of this manual.

11. Regularly inspect electrical controls for deteriora­tion. Repair and replace as necessary.

e. Use a bottle brush to brush down between the

tube fins toward the firebox.

The ash can be softened for easier removal by
lightly dampening with a wet brush. Do not let water
get in the firebox. DO NOT use a water hose to clean
the heat exchanger while it is still installed in the
heater. Water will damage the firebox material.

f. Reach through the inspection hole and brush

across the bottom of the tube fins using the

kitchen brush.

g. Carefully remove all dirt and soot from the

firebox by inserting a vacuum cleaner nozzle

through the inspection hole.

h. Replace the flue collector and top assembly.

For more thorough cleaning, remove the heat
exchanger completely and wash it with a garden hose.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 23

13. Replace the oil nozzle once each season (see the
oil burner manual).

14. Oil the burner motor every three months. Use
non- detergent #40 motor oil at both oil holes.

SECTION 9.
Troubleshooting

9.1 Home Owner Heater Troubleshooting

Problems which may come up with the pool

heater operation or performance will require a trained,
professional technician. There are a few preliminary
symptoms the pool owner should check before calling
a technician:

9.1.1 Oil Burner Does Not Fire

1. Is the pool temperature control set high enough to
call for heat?

2. Is the pool heater switch ON? Are all circuit
fuses and remote switches ON?

3. Is the pool filter clean?

4. Is there enough fuel in the tank? Is the fuel valve
turned ON?

If the answer to all of these questions is yes, try

the manual overload reset switches on the burner
motor and primary control. If burner does not fire, turn
the heater switch OFF then ON, and try the reset
switches again. If the burner still refuses to fire, call
the service technician.

9.1.2 Heater Does Not Maintain the Desired
Water Temperature

1. Is the temperature control set high enough?

2. Is the filter cycle setting on the time clock long
enough to permit the heater to raise the
temperature?

3. Is the heater the right size for the pool?

9.1.4 Pool Water Overheating

Turn the heater switch OFF and call a service

technician.

9.2 Professional Troubleshooting Guide

9.2.1 Introduction

A qualified oil burner technician must service this
equipment. Frequently, this service is available through
the fuel oil supplier.

WARNING

Some of these procedures involve exposing the line
voltage circuit. There is considerable danger of
electric shock.

The XL-3 is an oil-fired pool heater designed to
burn No. 2 fuel oil or No. 2 diesel fuel. Do not use
other fuels. The burner assembly comes standard with
a two-stage pump. This allows the heater to be
installed a relatively long distance from the fuel tank.

9.2.2 Initial Checks

1 . Is the oil burner connected to a one- or two-pipe

system? All units are factory set for one-pipe

systems. To convert a unit to a two-pipe system,

a bypass plug must be installed in the fuel pump.

The plug is supplied with the oil burner. There is

a decal located on the fuel pump showing where

the bypass plug goes.

If a fuel unit is set up for a two-pipe system, but

is actually connected to a one-pipe system, the

pressure in the fuel pump builds up to over 300

psi when the burner turns on. This will cause the

motor to bind and stop running or ruin the pump

seals, or both.

2. An oil filter must be installed on the inlet line. A

very small amount of dirt in the oil can plug the

nozzle. A properly sized oil filter is shipped with

the heater (see Figure 8).

3. Is there oil in the storage tank?

If these conditions are satisfactory, the heat
exchanger could be fouled, or the heater controls may
not be functioning properly. Call a service technician.

9.1.3 Burner Operates, But There is Smoke or

Pulsating Combustion

This is usually caused by improper combustion
adjustment, fouled heat exchanger or a fuel supply
problem. Call a service technician.

4. Are all of the shut-off valves on the oil lines
open?

5. Are the fuel lines adequately sized according to
the Table 3 on page 10?

6. Are there any leaks in the fuel line? A very small
leak can cause the fuel pump to suck air into the
system, resulting in failure to operate or a
pulsating, noisy fire.

7. Is the unit properly grounded electrically? This is
extremely important. Use of PVC piping in the
pool filter system prevents grounding through the
piping.

Page 24

8. If a time clock is installed, is there power to the
timer? Is the timer motor working? There is
usually a visual motor check opening on the timer
mechanism. Is the switch located below the timer
dial ON?

9. Are there any loose wires or terminals?

10. Is the pool filter clean, and is the pump operating
properly?

9.2.3 Troubleshooting

NOTE: These troubleshooting procedures

require connections to electrical terminals and jumper
wires to check operation. To avoid electrical shock,
turn off electric power before servicing line voltage
controls. Never leave a jumper wire in place to fix a
heater. This would bypass safety and operating
controls. See Figure 21 for burner parts identification.

9.2.3.1 Burner will not start (motor and

transformer do not come on)

1. Is there power to the heater? Have you checked
the reset buttons on the motor and primary
control?

2. Place a jumper wire across the two terminals on
the cad cell. If the burner starts, the problem is in
the heater control circuit. This circuit consists of
the pressure switch, high limit control, safety
switch, thermostat, time clock switch (if one is
installed) or the wire harness. Check the wire
harness for any loose wires or worn insulation.
Then jumper each control until the problem is
located.

3. Press the reset button on the primary control. If
the unit does not start, go to step 5. If the unit
starts, turn off the power and check the following
items that can lock out the primary control:

a. Dirty or defective cad cell.
b. Defective primary control.
c. Oil level in tank too low or water in the

tank.

d. Poor combustion caused by:

Fouled nozzle
Fuel line air leaks
Improper nozzle pressure (pressure
should be 100 psi)
Improper air setting (see Section

9.2.3.4)

4. Press the reset button on the motor. If the unit
does not start, go to step 5. If the unit starts, shut
off power and check the blower wheel and
flexible coupling between the motor and the fuel
pump. Make sure the blower wheel and fuel unit
are not binding. Make sure the return fuel line is
not restricted.

POOL PRODUCTS

Figure 21. Cad Cell and Primary Control.

5. Remove one cad cell wire from the primary
control. If the burner starts, replace the cad cell.

6. Turn off electric power to the heater. Short out
the high limit switch, in the high voltage circuit. If
the burner starts when power is restored, the
switch is faulty.

7. Turn off electric power and inspect the wiring
below the primary control and the ignition
transformer. Make sure there are no loose
connections.

8. If the wiring is okay, and the blower wheel
rotates freely, replace the primary control.

9.2.3.2 Burner Tries to Start, but the

Primary Control Shuts Off
(either motor or transformer or
both come on)

1. Is the burner motor turning? If yes, go to next
step.

2. Press the reset buttons on the motor and primary
control. If the motor does not start, but
transformer is providing spark at the electrodes,
go to step 3.

3. Lift the ignition transformer and make sure the
motor rotates freely. If it does not rotate freely,
replace the motor. If the motor is internally
binding, replace the motor.

4. Open the inspection port and use a mirror to
check combustion. If there is no ignition before
the primary control shuts the burner down, go to
step 6. If the burner does ignite with a good
flame, go to step 5. If the burner tries to ignite,
but the flame is intermittent, go to step 8.

5. Check the cad cell and primary control.

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 25

6. Lift up the ignition transformer and put tape over
the front of the cad cell (the burner will not start
unless the cad cell senses no light). Disconnect
the black lead going to the motor. Press the
primary control reset button. Use an insulated
screwdriver to touch the metal blade to one
spring contact on the transformer, and about 3/8"
away from the other spring contact. If there is
good spark between the blade and the spring, go
to the next step. If there is no spark, replace the
transformer.

7. Remove the electrode-nozzle assembly and
inspect the high voltage sections for fouling,
cracked insulators or burnt electrodes. Replace
any defective parts.

8. If the flame is poor quality or intermittent, use a
pressure gauge to check the nozzle pressure. If
the pressure is below 100 psi, but steady, reset it
to 100 psi and go to step 9. If the pressure is not
steady, use the attached Sundstrand Field Service
bulletin to check out the fuel unit. An unsteady
pressure reading could be a sign of a dirty oil
filter.

9. Replace the burner nozzle with the nozzle called
out on the heater rating plate and go to step 10.
Replace nozzles once a year as part of the
annual cleaning and inspection service.

10. Check the C0

Of the flue gases. The reading

2

should be between 11.5 to 12.5%. If the reading
is different, go to Section 9.2.3.4.

9.2.3.3 Oil Burner Will Not Shut Off

Remove one of the thermostat leads from the

primary control. If the oil burner shuts off, the problem
is in the heater control circuit. The circuit includes the

pressure switch, high limit safety switch, thermostat
and wire harness. Check for worn insulation on the
wire harness, which could cause a short. Check
operation of the thermostat and pressure switch.

9.2.3.4 Setting the Correct Fuel-Air
Mixture

Measure the C0

. If it measures less than 11.5%,

2

decrease the air supply. If it measures higher than

12.5%, increase the air supply.
When the fuel-air setting is correct, there will be

zero smoke. If there are still traces of smoke after
adjusting the fuel-air mixture, slowly increase the air
supply until the smoke disappears.

Use the proper instruments to measure both the

smoke and C0

1. Too Much Air (low C0

.

2

)

2

Too much air decreases the efficiency of the
heater, and causes overheating of the jacket by
pressurizing the firebox. Too much air can also
cause poor ignition and a pulsating flame. If the
C0

reading is below 11.5%, reduce the air

2

adjustment openings on the burner.

2. Not Enough Air (high C0

)

2

Not enough air is much easier to detect. The
flame is dark yellow and the heater will smoke.
Generally, the C0

reading will be above 12 %

2

when not enough air is provided.

Lacking proper instruments, a temporary fuel-air
adjustment can be made. Close the end shutter
and then slowly close the air bank until the heater
starts to smoke. Slowly open the end shutter until
the smoke completely disappears. The fuel-air
mixture will be close to the correct setting.

Figure 22. Electrode Adjustment.

Page 26

POOL PRODUCTS

9.2.3.5. Control & Cad Cell

Troubleshooting Guide

Symptom Possible Cause

Burner runs all the time Defective primary

control

No combustion No power to the

primary.
Limit switch turned
off.
Defective limit
switch.
Bad wire connection.
Bad burner motor.
No power from fuse
box.
Defective primary

Ohmmeter pointer above 2 Partly plugged

nozzle.
Cad cell dirty.
Cad cell misaligned.
Defective cell.

Ohmmeter pointer below 3 Not enough

combustion air.
Cad cell sees too
much light.
Adjust alignment.

Primary wont lock out Defective primary

Ohmmeter pointer below 50 Stray light in burner

housing.
Defective cad cell.

Burner wont start Open circuit in

thermostat wiring.
Dirty thermostat
contacts.
Defective thermostat.

Burner runs with Short circuit in
thermostats contacts open thermostat wiring

SECTION 10.
Replacement Parts

10.1 Ordering Information

To order or purchase parts for the Laars XL-3
pool and spa heater, contact your nearest Jandy dealer
or distributor. See the Jandy web site at
www.jandy.com for the nearest service center. If they
cannot supply you with what you need, contact
Customer Service at Water Pik Technologies, P.O.
Box 6000, Petaluma, California, 94954, Telephone
[phone] extension 245.

NOTE: To supply the correct part it is important
that you state the model number and serial number.
This information is on the rating plate inside the heater.

10.2 Parts List

Key Model ORDER
No. Description No. PART NO.

FUEL SYSTEMS
1 Oil Burner Assembly 3000 R0389702
2 Oil Filter With Cartridge All R0389800
3 Oil Filter Cartridge All R0389900
4 3/8 Oil Line, Pump to Filter 3000 R0390002

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
5 Thermostat All R0318800
6 Thermostat Knob All R0010700
7 Thermostat Control Box All R0349100
8 Pressure Switch, 1-10 PSI All R0045400
9 Siphon Loop Cover All R0390200
10 Siphon Loop Assembly All R0057800
11 High-Limit Switch Set Contains: All R0390300
12 High-Limit Switch, 135°F All R0022700
13 High-Limit Switch, 150°F All R0390100
14 High-Limit Switch Harness 150°F All R0057500
15 High-Limit Switch Harness 135°f All R0057700
16 High-Limit Switch Cover with Gasket All R0390400
17 ON/OFF Switch with Cover and Gask. All R0390500
19 Gasket Only All R0390600
20 Oil Burner Harness All R0057600
21 Connector Elbow 90° All R0390700

WATER SYSTEMS
22 Heat Exchanger Assembly, Complete 3000 R0390802
23 Heat Exchanger 3000 R0390902
24 Inlet/Outlet Header All R0391000
25 End Cap (1/2 tap) All R0391100
26 End Cap (No tap) All R0391200
27 End Cap (1/4 tap) All R0391300
28 "V" Baffle (5 included) 3000 R0391402
29 End Baffle (2 included) 3000 R0391502
30 Tube Gaskets (12 included) All R0391600
31 Heat exchanger Hardware Kit Contains: All R0391700
32 Grommet (2 included) All
33 Brass Plug, 3/4 All
34 Drain Valve Extension (2 included) All
35 Drain Plug, 1/4 (3 included) All
36 By-Pass Assembly Contains: All R0391800
37 By-Pass Valve Rod All
38 By-Pass Valve Disc All
39 By-Pass Valve Rod Retainer All
40 By-Pass Valve Spring Only All R0391900
41 Flange & Gasket Assembly Contains: All R0031900
42 Flange, 1 1/2" with Bolts All R0392000
43 Flange Gasket and Sleeve, 1 1/2" All R0392100

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 27

Key Model ORDER
No. Description No. PART NO.

44 Burner Tube Gasket All R0392200
45 Burner Support Bracket All R0392300
46 Burner Compartment Door 3000 R0392402
47 Fire Box Plug Kit Contains: All R0392500
48 Fire Box Cover Plate
49 Fire Box Plug
50 Fire Box Plug Insulator
51 Gap Spacer (Return) All R0392600
52 Flue Collector Assembly 3000 R0392702
53 Flue Top Assembly 3000 R0392802
54 Inner Stack All R0392900
55 Flue Collector Shield 3000 R0393002
56 Vent Blade (10 included) All R0393100
57 Gap Spacer (In/Out) All R0393200
58 Hold Down Clip (2 RH and 2 LH included) All R0393300
59 Fire Box 3000 R0393402
60 Fire Box Cover (2 included) 3000 R0393502

61 End Air Shutter All R0387800
62 Bulk Air Band All R0387900
63 Tube Gasket All R0388000
64 Motor, 1/7 H.P. , 3450 RPM All R0388100
65 Blower Wheel 4- 1/4 x 3- 7/16 All R0388200
66 Flexible Coupling All R0388300
67 Fuel Unit, Two Stage All R0140100
68 Pump Outlet Fitting All R0388400
69 Connector Tube Assembly All R0388500
70 Ignition Transformer All R0140200
71 Contact Spring Terminals All R0388600
72 Air Tube Combination All R0388700
73 Nozzle Line Electrode Assembly All R0393900
74 Electrode Rod & Tip All R0393600
75 Burner Head & Screws 3000 R0389500
76 Delavan Nozzle, 2.25 3000 R0362400
77 Primary Control All R0140300
78 Honeywell Cad Cell All R0389600
79 Fuel Unit Hardware Kit Contains R0393700

By-Pass Plug All
By-Pass Plug All
1/8 Burner Head Plug All
1/4 Burner Head Plug All

FIRE BOX & JACKET COMPONENTS

OIL BURNER PARTS & COMPONENTS (Not Shown)

80 Pressure Relief Valve, 3/4" NPT, 75 PSI All R0040400
81 Chimney Cap - 9" All R0393800

OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT

Page 28

10.3 Exploded View

POOL PRODUCTS

81

53

47

48

49

22

50

51

52

27

44

35

30

23

45

34

28

29

26

60

25

33

30

27

54

29

59

23

58

7

25

55

34

15

5

35

56

41

43

12

42

57

80

33

38

7

6

7

14

37

40

36

13

16

2

46

4

3

1

32

9

14

19

10

21

17

20

8

Model DP Oil-Fired Heater Page 29

NOTES

LIMITED WARRANTY

Thank you for purchasing Jandy® pool and spa products. Waterpik Technologies (manufacturer of Jandy
products, including Laars® pool and spa heaters, Air Energy Heat Pumps, and Clormatic Electronic Chlorine
Generators) warrants all parts to be free from manufacturing defects in materials and workmanship for a period of
one year from the date of retail purchase, with the following exceptions:

AquaLink® RS units installed with Jandy Surge Protection Kits will be covered for two years.

•
NeverLube® valves are warranted for the life of pool and/or spa on which they were originally installed.

•
AquaPureTM Electronic Chlorine Generator Electrolytic Cells carry a 5 year limited warranty on a prorated basis.

•

This warranty is limited to the first retail purchaser, is not transferable, and does not apply to products that have
been moved from their original installation sites. The liability of Waterpik Technologies shall not exceed the repair
or replacement of defective parts and does not include any costs for labor to remove and reinstall the defective
part, transportation to or from the factory, and any other materials required to make the repair. This warranty does
not cover failures or malfunctions resulting from the following:

1. Failure to properly install, operate or maintain the product(s) in accordance with our published Installation,

Operation and Maintenance Manuals provided with the product(s).

2. The workmanship of any installer of the product(s).

3. Not maintaining a proper chemical balance in your pool and/or spa [pH level between 7.2 and 7.8, Total

Alkalinity (TA) between 80 to 120 ppm, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) less than 2000].

4. Abuse, alteration, accident, fire, flood, lightning, rodents, insects, negligence or acts of God.

5. Scaling, freezing, or other conditions causing inadequate water circulation.

6. Operating the product(s) at water flow rates outside the published minimum and maximum specifications.

7. Use of non-factory authorized parts or accessories in conjunction with the product(s).

8. Chemical contamination of combustion air or improper use of sanitizing chemicals, such as introducing

sanitizing chemicals upstream of the heater and cleaner hose or through the skimmer.

9. Overheating, incorrect wire runs; improper electrical supply; collateral damage caused by failure of O-Rings,

DE grids, or cartridge elements; or damage caused by running the pump with insufficient quantities of water.

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY:

This is the only warranty given by Waterpik Technologies. No one is authorized to make any other warranties on
Waterpik Technologies' behalf. THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED

OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND MERCHANTABILITY. WATERPIK TECHNOLOGIES EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS
AND EXCLUDES ANY LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT OR PUNITIVE
DAMAGES FOR BREACH OF ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTY. This warranty gives you specific

legal rights. You may also have other rights which vary by state or province.

WARRANTY CLAIMS:

For prompt warranty consideration, contact your dealer and provide the following information: proof of purchase,
model number, serial number and date of installation. The installer will contact the factory for instructions
regarding the claim and to determine the location of the nearest designated service center. If the dealer is not
available, you can locate a service center in your area by visiting www.jandy.com or by calling our technical
support department at [phone] extension 260. All returned parts must have a Returned Material
Authorization number to be evaluated under the terms of this warranty.

H0223500A

6000 Condor Drive • Moorpark, CA USA 93021

480 S. Service Road West • Oakville, Ontario, Canada L6K 2H4

A Waterpik Technologies Company

• 707.776.8200 • Fax [phone]

• 905.844.8233 • Fax [phone]

Litho in USA ©Waterpik Technologies 0405