of PHV Series constant pressure variable
speed system
• One multistage vertical pump, Goulds Pumps SSV series.
• Hydrovar® pump mounted variable speed drive
• Pressure transducer for constant pressure control,
connected to the Hydrovar drive.
• NEMA 4X fused disconnect panel with corrosion resistant
durable plastic; external on/off switch with lockout/tagout. Panel
is bracket mounted directly to pump.
• Electrical panel for control and protection, with casing made
of plastic material, NEMA 4X, equipped with:
– fast acting fuses. The panel is mounted on the electric pump
using a bracket.
U
L
®
CUS
Listed
“QCZJ7 Packaged Pumping System”
The pump package comes pre-assembled and tested,
complete with operating instructions and panel wiring diagram.
1) Vertical multi-stage stainless pump
2) TEFC standard NEMA 2-pole motor
3) NEMA 4X fused disconnect panel
4) ITT Hydrovar® variable speed controller
5) cUL flexible liquid tight conduit/wiring
6) Pressure transducer (sensor) with cable
7) Outdoor use
4
PART NUMBERING / IDENTIFICATION CODES — PHV SERIES
PACKAGED HYDROVAR VARIABLE SPEED SSV PRODUCT LINE NUMBERING SYSTEM
The various versions of the PHV line are identified by a product code number on the pump label. The number is
also the catalog number for the package. The meaning of each digit in the product code is shown below.
PHV 02 M 2 1 B E 0 P
Option List in order shown:
P = Premium Efficiency F = Harmonic Filter T = 500 PSI Transducer
Reduced Stages (33-46SV Only) (can be 0, 1 or 2)*:
0 = 0 reduced 1 = 1 reduced 2 = 2 reduced
Number of Stages:
A = 1 E = 5 J = 9 N = 13 S = 17 Z = 24
B = 2 F = 6 K = 10 P = 14 T = 18
C = 3 G = 7 L = 11 Q = 15 V = 20
D = 4 H = 8 M = 12 R = 16 X = 22
02 = 2 HP 03 = 3 HP 05 = 5 HP
07 = 7½ HP 10 = 10 HP 15 = 15 HP
PHV - Series (SSV & Hydrovar Package)
Notes:
1. Not all combinations are available. 4. Fuse box contains class J or equal fast acting fuses.
2. Standard motor is Baldor TEFC, 3 Phase, TC frame. 5. Tank, piping and valves sold separately.
3. Standard Hydrovar VSD is master - capable of multi-control. 6. Includes 300 PSI transducer.
* Notes: Indicates num-
ber of reduced diameter
impellers in the total staging.
(2 would indicate 2 reduced
diameter impellers.)
CAUTION: 500 PSI transducer measures accurately to
400 PSI. Pump, flanges and
other piping system components must also be rated
for the maximum system
pressure. See SSV technical
manual and other appropriate technical manuals to verify
all equipment is rated to
maximum system pressure.
HYDROVAR VARIABLE SPEED CONTROLLERS
Hydrovar variable speed drives are identified by the following code. The meaning of each digit in the product code
is shown below.
HV M 3 4 10
Filter (optional):
Standard = Blank Residential = B
HP Rating:
02 = 2 HP 03 = 3 HP 05 = 5 HP
07 = 7 HP 10 = 10 HP 15 = 15 HP
Voltage:
2 = 230V 4 = 460V
Phase:
1 = Single Phase 3 = Three Phase
Type:
M = Master S = Single B = Basic
HV - Series
5
Notes:
1. Not all combinations are
2. Includes drive, mounting
available.
hardware, 300 PSI transducer and conduit gland
and plugs.
Goulds Pumps
PHV - Packaged Hydrovar Series
MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS
Booster
Sets
MARKETS SERVED
MUNICIPAL, COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL
APPLICATIONS
• Water network supply in condominiums, offices, hotels,
shopping centers, factories, water treatment, process control.
• Water supply to agricultural water networks (e.g. irrigation).
1Ø, 230V ± 10% up to 3 HP.
3Ø, 400V ± 10% for 3 HP – 15 HP.
• Input Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz.
• External control voltage:
0-5 VDC; 0-10 VDC; 0-20 mA.
• Protection class
- panel: NEMA 4X.
- drive: NEMA 4 up to 15 HP.
- outdoor use.
• Maximum HP: 15 HP.
• Soft motor start.
• Vertical design pump:
- SV..T series (motor insulation
class, F, TEFC enclosure).
• Maximum operating pressure:
360 PSI for sets with SV..T electric
pumps.
• Maximum temperature of pumped
liquid: 180° F.
6
MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS
(continued)
WATER SUPPLY AND PRESSURE BOOSTING
• Pressure boosting in buildings, hotels,
residential complexes
• Pressure booster stations, supply of water networks
• Booster packages
WATER TREATMENT
• Ultraltration systems
• Reverse osmosis systems
• Water softeners and de-mineralization
• Distillation systems
• Filtration
LIGHT INDUSTRY
• Washing and cleaning plants (washing and degreasing of
mechanical parts, car and truck wash tunnels, washing of
electronic industry circuits)
• Commercial washers
• Fireghting system pumps
IRRIGATION AND AGRICULTURE
• Greenhouses
• Humidiers
• Sprinkler irrigation
HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC)
• Cooling towers and systems
• Temperature control systems
• Refrigerators
• Induction heating
• Heat exchangers
• Boilers
• Water recirculation and heating
7
Goulds Pumps
PHV - Packaged Hydrovar Series
MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS
(continued)
MUNICIPAL, AGRICULTURAL, LIGHT INDUSTRY,
WATER TREATMENT, HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING
APPLICATIONS
• Handling of water, free of suspended solids, in the municipal, industrial and agricultural markets
• Pressure boosting and water supply systems
• Fire ghting jockey pumps
• Irrigation systems
• Wash systems
• Water treatment plants: reverse osmosis
• Handling of moderately aggressive liquids, demineralized water, water and glycol, etc.
• Circulation of hot and cold water for heating, cooling and conditioning systems
• Boiler feed
SPECIFICATIONS
PUMP
The SSV pump is a non-self priming vertical multistage pump coupled to a standard motor.
The liquid end, located between the upper cover and the pump casing, is held in place by tie rods.
The pump casing is available with different configurations and connection types.
• Delivery: up to 600 GPM
• Head: up to 1200 feet
• Temperature of pumped liquid: -20ºF to 250ºF (-30ºC to 120ºC) standard version
• Maximum operating pressure – with oval anges: 230 PSI (15 bar)
– with round flanges or Victaulic: 360 PSI (25 bar)
– SV33, 46: 230, 360 or 575 PSI (16, 25 or 40 bar)*
– SV 66, 92: 230 or 360 PSI (16 or 25 bar)*
• Direction of rotation: clockwise looking at the pump from the top down (marked with an
arrow on the adapter and on the coupling).
MOTOR
• Standard NEMA TC Frame motors totally enclosed fan cooled.
• Efciency is 75.5% or higher, Class “F” insulation
• 3500 RPM nominal
• Standard voltage:
• Single phase version: 115-208/230 V, 60 Hz up to 3 HP or 208-230 V for 5 HP
• Three phase version, 2 pole: 208-230/460 V, 60 Hz up to 75 HP
* Based on pump staging
8
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF FREQUENCY CONVERTERS USED IN THE
PHV BOOSTER SETS
The PHV series booster sets use a Hydrovar® variable frequency drive, an automatic device that adjusts the speed of the
electric pump in order to maintain constant pressure in the system.
Converters with power up to 30 HP can be mounteddirectly on to the motor. Models with over 30 HP power, are designed for wall
mounting only. The pressure is measured by a pressure transmitter
which uses a standard 4..20 mA current signal. The system pressure
value can be read on the converter’s display. A simple user interface
allows you to set the desired pressure value for optimal adjustment,
as well as to viewthe operating data, such as the hours of
operation and any alarms triggered. Included diagnostic menu to view
temperature, current and voltage values facilitates diagnostics and
failure analisys. Indicator lights signal power status, pump running and
malfunctions.
Modular Hydrovar, Bare Unit
A password is required to access sensitive settings that allow you
to program the Hydrovar in order to adapt it to any control
requirements, such as flowresistance compensation, external control, periodic testing and so on. When more than one pump is
used, the converters exchange information with each other through an
RS485 serial line which can connect up to 8 Hydrovar devices plus
one external unit for remote control. The Pump-link and Pump-watcher
dedicated systems, connected to the Hydrovar®, enable remote
control through a traditional telephone line or mobile telephony. A
serial port available as standard up to 15 HP allows you to control the
Hydrovar® converters from a Modbus® field serial bus line.
The converter is equipped with two potential-freerelays which can
be used for remote signalling of pump running and malfunction
status, plus a programmable voltage analogue output for signalling
the frequency or pressure. Standard version with two sensor inputs
for implementing of two actual values signals within one system (min/
max, difference) or for a second sensor for safety reasons. Specific
digital inputs are used for protection against water failure, motor overtemperature, as well as for external enable signal and remote
control. The converter also incorporates a dry running protection
function via an adjustable minimum pressure threshold.
FCC Class A filter standard for Hydrovar three-phase power supply.
E.g. Industrial areas, technical areas of any building fed from a
dedicated transformer are examples of environment locations.
PHV Series Hydrovar with SSV Pump
FCC Class B filter standard for Hydrovar single-phase power supply.
E.g. Houses, apartments, commercial premises or offices in a residential building are examples of environment locations.
Further information is available in the Hydrovar manual.
9
Goulds Pumps
PHV - Packaged Hydrovar Series
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ELECTRIC PUMPS USED IN PHV SERIES
BOOSTER PACKAGE
1, 2, 3 AND 4 SSV VERTICAL MULTI-STAGE PUMPS
• Multistage centrifugal vertical electric pumps. All metal
parts in contact with pumped liquid are made of
304/316 stainless steel.
• A version: round anges, in-line discharge and suction
ports, AISI 304
• B version: ANSI anges, in-line discharge and suction
ports, AISI 316
SV33 AND 46 MULTI-STAGE PUMPS
• Vertical multistage centrifugal pump with impellers,
diffusers and outer sleeve made entirely of stainless steel,
and with pump casing and upper head made of cast
iron in the standard version.
• High hydraulic efciency for signicant energy savings.
• Innovative axial load compensation system on pumps
with higher head. This ensures reduced axial thrusts and
enables the use of standard motors that are easily found
on the market.
• Reduced axial thrusts enable the use of standard
motors that are easily found on the market.
• Standard Baldor, NEMA motors
• Easy maintenance. No special tools required for assembly
or disassembly.
• ANSI/NSF 61 certified by CSA for potable
drinking water.
• Standard NEMA Baldor® motors.
• Mechanical seal can easily be replaced without
disassembling the motor from the pump.
• Mechanical sturdiness and easy maintenance. No special
tools required for assembly or disassembly.
• ANSI/NSF 61 certified by CSA for potable
drinking water.
REFERENCE STANDARDS
• cUL Listed as pumping packaged unit, 42UC
• VFD (Hydrovar) UL recognized
• Baldor motor UL recognized
• Pumps meet ANSI/NSF 61 certification by CSA for potable drinking water
• Pumps meet ANSI/UL778 standards
• Control/disconnect meet UL508A standards
10
HYDROVAR VERSIONS
INTRODUCTION
The HYDROVAR Concept consists mechanically of two main parts, the Power Unit and the
Control Card. In its basic configuration (consists only of the Power Unit) the HYDROVAR can be used as a
“Basic Inverter” without the need of the Control Card. In that form the HYDROVAR can be used as a sequence pump in
a multi pump system, with at least one master inverter.
By extending this “Basic Inverter” with the additional Control Card and LCD display, the HYDROVAR “Master Unit” is able
to work in different modes and can be extended by the implementation of different modules.
STANDARD OPTIONAL FEATURES VERSIONS
CASCADE SERIAL (MASTER + BASIC)
In this mode there are various possibilities to combine the different versions of the HYDROVAR.
In general, each of the pumps is equipped with a HYDROVAR unit. Each pump of the system (extended up to 8 pumps) is
equipped with a HYDROVAR unit (at least one “Master Inverter” and the others can be
“Basic Inverters” in order to ensure a proper control of the system) which are connected via the serial interface.
Minimum requirement: One “Master Inverter” and the others equipped with “Basic Inverters”.
The whole control is performed via the “Master Inverter” every time, but also an automatic change over of the lag pumps
to achieve even operating hours is possible.
Following versions are available:
• Power size 3 HP up to 15 HP motor mounted single phase and/or three phase power supply.
- PHV: one pump with wiring, fused disconnect, master Hydrovar drive, transducer, conduit.
11
Goulds Pumps
PHV - Packaged Hydrovar Series
APPLICATION EXAMPLE – MULTI-PUMP “CASCADE”
MASTER
INVERTER
RS 485
CONNECTION
MASTER
INVERTER
MASTER
INVERTER
MASTER
INVERTER
With the “master” version of the Hyrdrovar, it is possible to connect up to 8 Hydrovar controller pumps together in
parallel. Complete lead/lag and auto alternation.
MASTER
INVERTER
RS 485
CONNECTION
BASIC
INVERTER
BASIC
INVERTER
BASIC
INVERTER
Reduction of overall cost for multi-pump system is possible using one “master” controller and several “basic” controllers. The Hydrovar “master” will still control lead/lag, alternation.
12
OPERATION DESCRIPTION
SETS WITH VARIABLE-SPEED MOTORS AND PRESSURE TRANSDUCER CONTROL
The starting and stopping of the pumps are determined based on the pressure values set on the controller.
Each frequency converter is connected to a pressure transducer.
The controllers exchange information with each other and provide for cyclic changeover.
The figure shows the operating mode of a two-pump booster set
(Typical Field Set).
• On demand, water is drawn from the tank.
• When the pressure drops belows the PS setting the first pump
starts and the speed is adjusted to maintain a costant pressure as
demand increases.
• If the water consumption increases and the pump reaches
maximum speed, the second pump starts and the speed is adjusted
to maintain constant pressure.
• When demand decreases, the speed is reduced until minimum
speed is reached and one of the pumps are switched off.
• If consumption keeps decreasing the pump slows down, fills the
tank and stops at the pressure setting.
Pressure
Pmax
PS
Figure 3
Duplex
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AND LIMITS
Type of pumped liquids Water containing no gas or corrosive and/or aggressive substances
Fluid temperature Above 0° F to 180° F, Pressure transducer limited
Ambient temperature Above 0° F to 104° F, VFD/Display, keep away from direct sun
Maximum operating pressure 360 PSI (Pump without transducer)
Minimum inlet pressure According to NPSH curve and losses, with a minimum margin of 0.5 m
Maximum inlet pressure
than the maximum operating pressure of the set (suction and discharge).
Installation
elevation 3300 feet ASL. Maximum humidity 50% without condensation.
Hourly starts
hour. Variable speed drive starts.
Indoors/outdoors, protected from the direct sun. Away from heat sources. Maximum
Maximum 60 up to 10 HP. Above 10 HP and up to 50 HP, maximum 40 starts per
Sound emission See table
* Note: For higher temperature it is necessary to use special materials (only on request).
The inlet pressure added to the pressure of the pump at zero flow must be lower
The first thing to do when selecting a package is to determine the quantity of water required and the pressure it must
supply.
CALCULATING THE FLOW RATE
•The quantity of water called water requirement depends on the type of users, e.g. homes, offices, schools, as well
as their number. The theoretic requirement is the total amount of water required by all the users. In actual fact, since it
is very unlikely that there should be a simultaneous demand by all the users, the real requirement is lower than the
theoretic one.
CALCULATING THE HEAD
• The pressure required depends on the type of user. A number of factors must be taken into account, including the
height of the building, the suction conditions and the flow resistance in the pipes.
SELECTING A BOOSTER SET
• According to the required flow rate and head values, it is possible to identify the most suitable type of electric pump.
On two-pump sets the pumps normally act as back-up for one another. A single pump is normally sufficient to
provide for average requirements, while in conditions of high demand the back up pump may be called in to assist.
With the cyclic changeover function duty assignment is rotated to ensure both pumps remain active and with
even running hours, so wear is uniform and the use factor is reduced for longer pump life. This system also ensures
continuity of operation in case one of the pumps needs maintenance.The Hydrovar provides automatic lead/lag,
alternation when programmed in multi-control and wired via RS485 communication terminals.
TANK
•Frequent demand or small system losses determine pressure variations that may be compensated for by using a
tank. Correct selection of a diaphragm tank reduces the number of pump starts and, if it is installed near the
booster set, helps reduce the effect of water hammer, or fast acting flush valves.
The booster sets are ready for installation of diaphragm tanks directly on the delivery manifold, and additional tanks
can be connected to the unused end of the manifold.
For peak performance, variable speed booster sets need smaller tanks compared to traditional systems.
Generally speaking, a tank with a capacity of just 20% of the nominal capacity of a single pump, expressed in gallons
per minute, is required. Example: If my pump is sized for 100 GPM, then we would size a 20 gallon (total capacity)
diaphragm tank.
• Pre-charge the tank with air, 10-15 PSI below your system pressure. Charge dry tank without water pressure or before
NOTE: Recommended protection (not included with drive only). This fused disconnect is available as part of the PHV series packaged Hydrovar, see price book.
15
Goulds Pumps
PHV - Packaged Hydrovar Series
SPECIFICATIONS
Hydrovar VFD Motor
HP Model * Power Supply (V) NEMA Class Install. Power Supply (V) HP
2 HVM1202 1x230 4 TEFC Motor 3x230 2
3 HVM1203 1x230 4 TEFC Motor 3x230 3
3 HVM3403 3x460 4 TEFC Motor 3x460 3
5 HVM3405 3x460 4 TEFC Motor 3x460 5
7½ HVM3407 3x460 4 TEFC Motor 3x460 7½
10 HVM3410 3x460 4 TEFC Motor 3x460 10
15 HVM3415 3x460 4 TEFC Motor 3x460 15
* The new Hydrovar is available single-phase up to 3 HP and 3 HP through 15 HP, 460 volt.
ELECTRICAL PANELS - PHV (Packaged Hydrovar
The GHV sets come with a fused disconnect on which are installed automatic line protection fast acting fuses for
each drive. Class J, 600 volt.
Single-pump sets are supplied as standard with an electrical panel encased in NEMA 4X enclosure, with 2-pole or 3-pole (3
phase) up to 30 amps and featuring a mainswitch.
• Motors are suitable for AQUAVAR® Variable Speed Drive.
Above data is for Baldor® TC and TSC frame motors. Specications subject to change without notice.
TEFC 230/460 56C V06742 3.7-3.6/1.8 3.99-3.8/1.9 11 1.25 75.5 B
3
TEFC 230/460 56C V07742 4.9-4.6/2.3 5.3-5.1/2.54 18.4 1.15 80 B
TEFC 208-230/460 56C V08742 6.2-5.8/2.9 7.2-6.52/3.26 22 1.15 80 B
TEFC 208-230/460 56C V09742 8.1-7.6/3.8 9.5-8.6/4.3 32.9 1.15 82.5 F
3
TEFC 208-230/460 184TC V10742A 13.2-12/6 15-13.6/6.8 47 1.15 85.5 F
3
TEFC 208-230/460 184TC V11742A 18.5/17.4 21.7-19.6/9.8 94 1.15 88.5 F
TEFC 208-230/460 215TC V12742 25-24/12 30.5-27.6/13.8 105 1.15 85.5 F
3
TEFC 208-230/460 254TC V13742 35/17.5 43-39/19.5 165 1.15 86.5 F
3
TEFC 208-230/460 256TC V14742 46/23 59.3-53.6/26.8 160 1.15 89.5 F
TEFC 230/460 284TC V15742 59/29.5 74.8-67.6/33.8 182 1.15 88.5 F
TEFC 230/460 284TC V16742 68/34 86.7-78.4/39.2 225 1.15 91 F
TEFC 230/460 284TC V17742 90/45 103.2/51.6 322 1.15 90.2 F
TEFC 230/460 326TSC V18742S 112/56
Nameplate NEMA Goulds
FLA SFA
141.8-128.2/64.1
LRA
430 1.15 92.4 F
S.F. Efficiency
Insulation
17
Goulds Pumps
PHV - Packaged Hydrovar Series
PERFORMANCE WITH VARYING SPEED FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Fitting the electric pump with a variable speed drive makes it possible to vary the pump rotation speed, normally according to the system pressure parameter. Variations in electric pump speed result in modified performances
according to the equivalence relations, called affinity laws.
Frequency ratios can be used instead of speed in practical applications, keeping 30 Hz as the bottom limit.
Example : 2-pole 50 Hz electric pump n1 =2900 (point A)
Flow rate (A) = 100 l/min; Head (A) = 50m
By reducing the frequency to 30 Hz the speed is reduced to approx. n2 = 1740 rpm (point B)
Flow rate (B) = 60 l/min; Head (B) = 18 m
The power of the new work point B is cut to about 22% of the initial power.
P2n2
Q1Q2
Q
Flow
SIZING THE DIAPHRAGM TANK IN SYSTEMS WITH SPEED VARIATION
Variable speed booster sets need smaller tanks compared to traditional systems. Generally speaking, a tank with a capacity of just 20% of the nominal capacity of a single pump, expressed in gallons per minute, is needed. The gradual
starting of the pumps controlled by the drive reduces the need to limit the number of hourly starts; the main purpose
of the tank is to compensate for small system losses, stabilize the pressure and make up for pressure variations caused by
sudden demand (fast acting valves).
Make the following calculation:
Set made up of three electric pumps, each with a maximum flow rate of 100 GPM, for a total capacity of 300 GPM. The
volume required for the tank is 20 gallons. This is total capacity, not drawdown. Mount downstream of the check valves
in discharge manifold.
18
VARIABLE SPEED PERFORMANCE CURVES
1SV VARIABLE SPEED CURVE
SSVB 304SS Multi-Stage Pumps MODEL: 1SVB 6 Stage
Hydraulic Data
Maximum Flow Flow at Duty Point Maximum TDH TDH at Duty Point NPSH
22 US GPM 298 feet
# of Impellers / Maximum Motor HP for use Motor HP for use Shutoff Shutoff Casing / Sleeve Stages requiring
# reduced HP with 1.15 SF with Hydrovar TDH TDH Pressure rating Thrust Balancing
Diameter Draw Motor (1.0 SF) (Feet) (Bar) (Standard Assy.) Piston
1 Pump assembly may be modified for 40 bar (580 psi) application – contact factory.
Maximum Motor HP for use Motor HP for use Shutoff Shutoff
HP With 1.15 SF With Hydrovar TDH TDH MAWP Motor Rotation
Pump Flange
Rating
1066 32
50
954 28
50
842 25 Required
40
504 15
25
225 7
10
7.5 113 3
5
196 6
10
40 Bar (580 PSI)
Class 250 / 300
38
TECHNICAL DATA – PUMP HYDRAULICS / MOTOR SIZING
46SV 3500 RPM
# of Impellers / Maximum Motor HP for use Motor HP for use Shutoff Shutoff Casing / Sleeve Stages requiring
# reduced HP with 1.15 SF with Hydrovar TDH TDH Pressure rating Thrust Balancing
Diameter Draw Motor (1.0 SF) (Feet) (Bar) (Standard Assy.) Piston
# of Impellers / Maximum Motor HP for use Motor HP for use Shutoff Shutoff Casing / Sleeve Stages requiring
# reduced HP with 1.15 SF with Hydrovar TDH TDH Pressure rating Thrust Balancing
Diameter Draw Motor (1.0 SF) (Feet) (Bar) (Standard Assy.) Piston
1 Pump assembly may be modified for 40 bar (580 psi) application – contact factory.
707 21.1
60
513 15.3
40
398 11.9
30
257 7.7
20
822 24.5 40 Bar (580 PSI)
75
681 20.3 Thrust Piston Class 250 / 300
60
424 12.7
40
283 8.4
25
25 Bar (362 PSI)
1
39
Pump Flange
Rating
Class 125 / 150
Goulds Pumps
PHV - Packaged Hydrovar Series
TECHNICAL DATA
Maximum Inlet Pressure
The following table shows the maximum permissible inlet
pressure. However, the actual inlet pressure + pressure
against a closed valve must always be lower than the
maximum permissible operating pressure.
The minimum operating values that can be reached at the
pump suction end are limited by the onset of cavitation.
Cavitation is the formation of vapor-filled cavities within
liquids where the pressure is locally reduced to a critical
value, or where the local pressure is equal to, or just below
the vapor pressure of the liquid.
The vapor-filled cavities flow with the current and when
they reach a higher pressure ares the vapor contained in
the cavities condenses. The cavities collide, generating
pressure waves that are transmitted to the walls. These,
being subjected to stress cycles, gradually become deformed and yield due to fatigue. This phenomenon, characterized by a metallic noise produced by the hammering
on the pipe walls, is called incipient cavitation.
The damage caused by cavitation may be magnified by
electrochemical corrosion and a local rise in temperature
due to the plastic deformation of the walls. The materials
that offer the highest resistance to heat and corrosion are
alloy steels, especially austenitic steel. The conditions that
trigger cavitation may be assessed by calculating the total
net suction head, referred to in technical literature with
the acronym NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head).
The NPSH represents the total energy (expressed in feet) of
the liquid measured at suction under conditions of incipient cavitation, excluding the vapor pressure (expressed in
feet) that the liquid has at the pump inlet.
The maximum possible suction head for installation depends on the value of the atmospheric pressure (i.e. the
elevation above sea level at which the pump is installed)
and the temperature of the liquid.
To help the user, with reference to water temperature
(40ºF) and to the elevation above sea level, the following
tables show the drop in hydraulic pressure head in relation
to the elevation above sea level, and the suction loss in
relation to temperature.
Water
Temperature (°C)
Suction
Loss (ft)
Elevation Above
Sea Level (ft)
Suction
Loss (ft)
68 104 140 176 194 230 248
-.7 2.3 6.6 16.4 24.3 50.5 70.5
1600 3300 4900 6500 8200 9800
1.8 3.6 5.4 7.2 9.0 10.8
To reduce it to a minimum, especially in cases of high suction head (over 13 – 16 feet) or within the operating limits
with high flow rates, we recommend using a suction line
having a larger diameter than that of the pump’s suction
port. It is always a good idea to position the pump as close
as possible to the liquid to be pumped.
To find the static height (hz) at which to install the machine under safe conditions, the following formula must
be verified:
hp + hz ≥ (NPSHr + 2 feet) + hf + h
pv
where:
hp is the absolute pressure applied to the free liquid sur-
face in the suction tank, expressed in feet of liquid; hp
is the quotient between the barometric pressure and
the specific weight of the liquid.
hz is the suction lift between the pump axis and the free
liquid surface in the suction tank, expressed in feet;
hz is negative when the liquid level is lower than the
pump axis.
hf is the flow resistance in the suction line and its acces-
sories, such as: fittings, foot valve, gate valve, elbows,
etc.
hpv is the vapor pressure of the liquid at the operating
temperature, expressed in feet of the liquid. hpv is
the quotient between the Pv vapor pressure and the
liquid‘s specific weight.
Litres Cubic metres Cubic feet Cubic feet Imp. gal. US gal.
per minute per hour per hour per minute per minute per minute
l/min m3/h ft3/h ft3/min Imp. gal/min Us gal./min
1,0000 0,0600 2,1189 0,0353 0,2200 0,2640
16,6670 1,0000 35,3147 0,5886 3,6660 4,4030
0,4720 0,0283 1,0000 0,0167 0,1040 0,1250
28,3170 1,6990 60,0000 1,0000 6,2290 7,4800
4,5460 0,2728 9,6326 0,1605 1,0000 1,2010
3,7850 0,2271 8,0209 0,1337 0,8330 1,0000
0,1100 0,0066 0,2339 0,0039 0,0240 0,0290
PRESSURE AND HEAD
Newtons per kilopascal bar Pound force metre millimetre
square metre per square inch of water of mercury
N/m2 kPa bar psi m H2O mm Hg
1,0000 0,0010 1 x 105 1,45 x 10-4 1,02 x 10-4 0,0075
millimetre centimetre metre inch foot yard
mm cm m in ft yd
1,0000 0,1000 0,0010 0,0394 0,0033 0,0011
10,0000 1,0000 0,0100 0,3937 0,0328 0,0109
1000,0000 100,0000 1,0000 39,3701 3,2808 1,0936
25,4000 2,5400 0,0254 1,0000 0,0833 0,0278
304,8000 30,4800 0,3048 12,0000 1,0000 0,3333
914,4000 91,4400 0,9144 36,0000 3,0000 1,0000
VOLUME
cubic metre litre millilitre imp. gallon US gallon cubic foot
m3 litre ml imp. gal. US gal. ft
1,0000 1000,0000 1 x 106 220,0000 264,2000 35,3147
0,0010 1,0000 1000,0000 0,2200 0,2642 0,0353
1 x 10-6 0,0010 1,0000 2,2 x 10-4 2,642 x 10-4 3,53 x 10-5
0,0045 4,5460 4546,0000 1,0000 1,2010 0,1605
0,0038 3,7850 3785,0000 0,8327 1,0000 0,1337
0,0283 28,3170 28317,0000 6,2288 7,4805 1,0000
3
49
Goulds Pumps
PHV - Packaged Hydrovar Series
NOTES
50
NOTES
51
ITT
2881 East Bayard Street, Seneca Falls, NY 13148
Phone: (315) 568-7123 • Fax: (315) 568-7973
www.goulds.com
Goulds Pump s and G&L are regis tere d tr ademarks of ITT Corporation. I TT, th e En gineered Blocks
Symbol and Engineered for Life are reg istered trademarks of I TT Manu fact uring Enterprises, Inc.