ISA STS 4000, STS 3000 light, STS 5000 User Manual

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Page 1

PECIFICATIONS

DOCUMENT No. SIE10175, Rev. 14, «Date»

STS + TD 5000 FAMILY

for the test of CT, VT and PT

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Page 2

ABLE OF CONTENTS

SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................................................................................................................... 1

1 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................................. 7

2 APPLICABLE STANDARDS ....................................................................................................................................17

3 CHARACTERISTICS ...............................................................................................................................................19

3.1 F

OREWORD

............................................................................................................................................................ 19

3.2 M

AIN GENERATOR

................................................................................................................................................... 19

3.2.1 High AC current ........................................................................................................................................... 20

3.2.2 High DC current ........................................................................................................................................... 20

3.2.3 Low AC current ............................................................................................................................................ 21

3.2.4 Low DC current ............................................................................................................................................ 21

3.2.5 High AC voltage ........................................................................................................................................... 22

3.2.6 Low AC voltage ............................................................................................................................................ 23

3.2.7 High power output to the external modules ............................................................................................... 24

3.2.8 Output frequency ........................................................................................................................................ 24

3.2.9 Other features of main outputs ................................................................................................................... 24

3.3 O

UTPUTS MEASUREMENT

......................................................................................................................................... 25

3.4 E

XTERNAL INPUTS MEASUREMENT

.............................................................................................................................. 25

3.5 T

IMER

................................................................................................................................................................... 26

3.6 P

HASE ANGLE

......................................................................................................................................................... 26

3.7 O

THER MEASUREMENTS

........................................................................................................................................... 27

3.8 D

ISPLAY

................................................................................................................................................................. 29

3.9 T

EST CONTROL

........................................................................................................................................................ 29

3.10 M

ENU SELECTIONS

............................................................................................................................................... 30

3.11 S

TANDARD CONNECTION CABLES (LONG CABLES CODE

PII16175

AND EXTRA LONG CABLES CODE

PII57175) ........................ 47

3.12 O

THER CHARACTERISTICS

....................................................................................................................................... 48

4 OPTIONS .............................................................................................................................................................49

4.1 T

RANSIT CASES (CODE

PII17175, PII 19175, PII51175) .............................................................................................. 49

4.2 PADS

LICENCE (CODE

PII10176P, PII10176F, PII10176T) ......................................................................................... 50

4.3 R

EMOTE SAFETY SWITCH (CODE

PII42175) ................................................................................................................. 51

4.4 W

ARNING STROBE LIGHT (CODE

PII43175) ................................................................................................................. 51

4.5 STCS

AUTOMATIC CONNECTION WINDINGS MODULE (CODE

PII12175) ............................................................................. 52

4.6 STCS

POWER GENERATOR BOOSTER 20 A DC (CODE

PII32175) ..................................................................................... 53

4.7 STDE

RESIDUAL MAGNETIZATION REMOVAL MODULE (CODE

PII27175) ............................................................................ 54

4.8 STSA S

URGE ARRESTER (CODE

PII46175)................................................................................................................... 55

4.9 BUX 3000, BUX 2000

CURRENT BOOSTER (CODES

PII50175, PII56175)....................................................................... 55

4.10 C

URRENT CLAMP (CODE

PII16102) ........................................................................................................................ 57

4.11 PLCK P

OLARITY CHECKER (CODE

PII41175) ............................................................................................................ 58

4.12 STLG

CURRENT INJECTION POWER TRANSFORMER FOR GROUND TESTS (CODE

PII70175) .................................................. 58

4.13 P

OWER FACTOR CORRECTION MODULE (CODE

PII85175) ........................................................................................... 59

4.14 STLG

LARGE STATION (CODE

PII88175) .................................................................................................................. 60

4.15 STSG

SAFETY GROUNDING MODULE (CODE

PII71175) ............................................................................................... 62

4.15.1 Cylindrical studs ....................................................................................................................................... 63

4.15.2 Surge arrester for STSG (code PII77175) .................................................................................................. 63

4.16 G

ROUND GRID TEST ACCESSORIES KIT (CODE

PII76175) ............................................................................................ 64

4.17 C

URRENT CLAMP METER (CODE

PII79175) ............................................................................................................. 65

4.18 F

OLDABLE TROLLEY (CODE

PII18175) ..................................................................................................................... 66

4.19 TD 5000

MODULE FOR THE TAN(Δ) LOSS ANGLE FACTOR MEASURE (CODE

PII11175) ...................................................... 66

4.20 CAP-CAL

REFERENCE CAPACITOR (CODE

PII40175) .................................................................................................. 72

4.21 STOIL

CELL FOR THE INSULATING OIL CHECK (CODE

PII13175) ..................................................................................... 73

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4.22 D

IGITAL THERMO HYGROMETER (CODE

PII44175) .................................................................................................... 73

4.23 RCTD

REACTOR FOR MOTORS AND GENERATORS MEASURES (CODE

PII47175) ............................................................... 74

5 PROTECTIONS .....................................................................................................................................................76

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Page 4

Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to make this material complete, accurate, and up-to-date. In addition, changes are periodically added to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated into new editions of the publication.

ISA reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s), described in this document without notice, and shall not be responsible for any damages, including but not limited to consequential damages, caused by reliance on the material presented, including but not limited to typographical errors.

Copies, reprints or other reproductions of the content or of parts of this publication shall only be permitted with ISA prior written consent.

All trademarks are the property of their respective holders.

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1 G

ENERAL

The portable, high accuracy test sets of the STS family allow performing all tests foreseen by international Standards on CTs, measurement VTs, Power Transformers, and to measure the Tan(δ), dissipation factor and capacitance of any device. With the option STLG + STSG it is also possible to execute the Earth resistance and Step and Touch voltage measurements.

The following table lists the models of the STS Family:

Model Description

STS 5000

It is the most performing test set of the STS family of devices. It allows executing all listed tests

STS 4000

It is the same as STS 5000, unless the high AC and DC current generators. High AC current tests can be performed using the BUX 3000 option; micro-Ohm metering is not available

STS 3000 light It allows performing Tan(δ) tests with the option TD 5000

Table 1 - STS Family models

The following table summarizes the differences among the models:

Model

High current, AC

& DC

High voltage

Low Ac-DC

outputs

Optional Tan(δ)

tests

TD 5000

Optional High AC

current

BUX 3000

STS 5000 X X X X X

STS 4000 X X X X

STS 3000

light

Table 2 - Differences among the STS Family models

Keyboard, dedicated keys, control knob and display can control all test sets of the family locally. Test results and settings can be saved in a PC by the software suite TDMS, which comes with the device. The optional PADS program allows also controlling the device from the PC.

The following table lists the tests performable by the Current Transformers:

No. Test STS 5000 STS 4000 STS 3000 light

1 Ratio Polarity and Burden X

+BUX

+Manual Measure

+BUX

+Manual Measure

2 Burden Secondary Side X X

3 Excitation Curve X X

4 Winding or Burden Resistance X X

5 Voltage Withstand X X

6 Polarity Check X

7 Ratio Polarity Voltage Mode X X

8 Rogowski (Ratio) X

+BUX

+Manual Measure

+BUX

+Manual Measure

9 Low Power (Ratio) X

+BUX

+Manual Measure

+BUX

+Manual Measure

10 Tangent δ TD 5000 TD 5000 TD 5000

11 Ratio IEC61850-9-2LE X

Table 3 - Current Transformer tests

BUX is the BUX 3000, BUX 2000 option, for high current injection tests. The Ratio test for Not-Conventional transformer with the option IEC61850-9-2LE is available only in remote control mode, using the PADS software.

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The following table lists the tests performable by the Voltage Transformers:

No. Test STS 5000 STS 4000 STS 3000 light

1 Ratio X X

2 Ratio Electronics X X

3 Burden X X

4 Voltage Withstand X X

5 Polarity Check X

6 Tangent δ TD 5000 TD 5000 TD 5000

7 Ratio IEC61850-9-2LE X X

Table 4 - Voltage Transformers tests

The Ratio test for Not-Conventional transformer with the option IEC61850-9-2LE is available only in remote control mode, using the PADS software.

The following table lists the tests performable by the Power Transformers:

No. Test STS 5000 STS 4000 STS 3000 light

1 Ratio X X

2 Winding Resistance X X

3 Winding Resistance – Auto X X

4 Voltage Withstand X X

5 Short-Circuit Impedance X X

6 No-Load Current X X

7 Tangent δ TD 5000 TD 5000 TD 5000

8 Demagnetizer X X

Table 5 – Power Transformers tests

The following table lists the tests performable by the Circuit Breakers:

No. Test STS 5000 STS 4000 STS 3000 light

1 Resistance - μΩ X

2 Tangent δ TD 5000 TD 5000 TD 5000

Table 6 - Circuit Breakers tests

The following table lists the tests performable by the Resistances:

No. Test STS 5000 STS 4000 STS 3000 light

1 Resistance - μΩ X

2 Earth Resistance X X

3 Soil Resistivity X X

4 Step and Touch X X

5 Line Impedance X X

Table 7 – Resistances tests

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The test Ratio IEC61850-9-2LE can be executed only in remote mode, using the PADS software.

Tests are performed in accordance with the following standards:

• IEC EN 60044-1

• IEC EN 60044-2

• IEC EN 60044-5

• IEC EN 60044-7

• IEC EN 60044-8

• IEC EN 61869-x

• IEC EN 60076-1

• ANSI/IEEE C57.13.1

Earth resistance and step and touch tests are performed according to the following standards:

• IEC EN 20522:2011

• IEEE 80:2000

• IEEE 81:1983

• DIN VDE 0101

• CENELEC HD 63761

STS Family has the facility to test not conventional CT, VT, Merging Unit (MU), by the IEC 61850-9-2 (SV) protocol.

STS Family generates current or voltage and injects these quantities into primary side of the CT or VT under test. STS Family then reads the data from the network using its Ethernet port (Sample Values) in order to perform a variety of different tests, as CT ratio and polarity up to 800 A or up to 2000 A (with BUX 2000) or 3000 A (with BUX 3000). It is also possible to check the VT ratio and polarity, up to 2 kV. Test of MU.

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The following table lists the optional modules enhance the STS features:

Item Option Code Description

1 Transit Cases

PII17175 PII19175 PII51175

They allow transporting the device

2 PADS license

PII10176P PII10176T PII10176F

PC Remote control of the test set

3 Remote Safety Switch PII42175

When the Remote Safety Switch is connected and enabled, it avoids any current or voltage generation from pressing START/STOP button on the STS only

4 Warning Strobe Light PII43175 It alerts when the test is performed

5 STCS PII12175

The Circuit Switch option performs the automatic measurement of the following parameters: PT transformer ratio, PT winding resistance, OLTC dynamic winding resistance

6 STCS Booster 20 A DC PII32175

The Circuit Switch option performs the automatic measurement of the following parameters: PT winding resistance up to 20 A DC, OLTC dynamic winding resistance up to 20 A DC

7 STDE PII27175

It allows neutralizing the residual magnetization of the power transformer core after the winding resistance test

8 STSA PII46175 The option limits voltage surges generated on the 10 V input

BUX 3000 BUX 2000

PII50175 PII56175

This option performs high current tests, with currents up to 3,000 A or 2,000 A

10 Current Clamp PII16102

The current clamp avoids opening the secondary current circuit when performing the primary test of CT burden

11 PLCK PII41175 Sawtooth signal detector for CT/VT polarity test

12 STLG PII70175

It is a high power transformer for the current injection for the Line Impedance and Step and Touch tests

Power factor correction

module

PII85175

It is a module to increase the current in the grounding and step and touch tests

14 STLG large stations PII88175

It is a high power transformer for current injection into transmission lines for large stations

15 STSG PII71175 This option is used for the test of overhead lines parameters

Ground Grid test

accessories kit

PII76175

The kit includes some accessories to perform the Soil Resistivity test, the Earth Resistance test and the Step and Touch test

17 Current Clamp Meter PII79175 This option is used to check the induced current in the transmission line

18 Foldable Trolley PII17175 The trolley eases the transport of STS + TD 5000

19 TD 5000 PII11175

It performs the measurement of the Tan(δ), capacitance and Power factor of any device, at the frequency of the mains or in a wide frequency range

CAP-CAL

(for TD 5000)

PII40175

Purpose of the reference capacitor is to check the actual calibration of TD for the measures of the capacitance and Tan(δ)

STOIL

(for TD 5000)

PII13175 The oil cell is for Tan(δ) measurement of PT oil

Digital thermo

hygrometer

(for TD 5000)

PII44175

The option allows measuring ambient temperature and humidity, and to input them into the test settings, if it is necessary

RCTD

(for TD 5000)

PII47175 Compensation Inductor for high current Tan(δ) test on motors and generators

Table 8 - Optional modules

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The basic STS function is to generate current and voltages, as requested by the type of test to be performed; only one test at a time. The test is selected on the LCD screen by means of the multi-function knob. Test results are kept in local memory or in a USB card, and can be transferred to a PC later, along with settings.

The capacitance and Tan(δ) measurements with TD 5000 can be performed on CTs, VTs, CBs, PTs and bushings.

STS 5000 contains a generator, with the following six outputs:

• High AC current

• Low AC current

• High DC current

• Low DC current

• High AC voltage

• Low AC voltage

In addition, there is a high power AC voltage output, not isolated from the mains, which supplies the external options (TD 5000, BUX 2000, BUX 3000, STLG, STCS Booster 20 A DC).

In local control mode, the selected output is adjustable and metered on the large, graphic LCD display. With the control knob and the LCD display it is possible to enter the MENU mode, which allows setting many functions: this makes STS a very powerful testing device, with manual and automatic testing capabilities, and with the possibility to transfer test results to a PC via USB, ETHERNET or Pen Drive.

In the PC control mode, the PADS program allows performing the same tests as in the local mode, with the same control windows. It allows also downloading, displaying and analyzing test results obtained in local mode.

PADS operates with all WINDOWS versions.

The ease of operation has been the first goal of STS: this is why the LCD is graphic, and so large. With it, the dialogue in menu mode is made easy. Besides, all STS outputs relevant to the selected test are continuously measured, and output values are displayed, with no extra effort to the operator.

STS feature four measurement inputs:

• DC voltage, up to 10 V DC

• AC or DC voltage

• High range, up to 300 V

• Low range, up to 3 V

• AC or DC current, up to 10 A

All inputs, unless the 3 V and 300 V voltage measurements, are isolated among them, and allow measuring CT or VT outputs or any other source.

In all STS models, it is available a digital input, which accepts an input, which can be voltage free, or with a voltage up to 300 V. It allows measuring the time response of a protection relay. It is also possible to test the M.V. CB’s timing: the time is stopped when the injected current is opened by the CB.

The instrument is housed in a transportable aluminum box, which is provided with removable cover and handles for ease of transportation. An optional trolley is also available.

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The following image exhibits the STS 5000 as an example of the model of the family, with the protection cover lifted:

Figure 1 - STS 5000

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Page 11

The following image exhibits the front panel:

Figure 2 - Test set front panel

The following table lists all the elements of the front panel:

ITEM Component

1 Cover

2 Pushbuttons

Help. Pressing it, the screen displays the information related to the test performed Open file. It allows to access the list of saved test results (the list can be located in the internal memory or on the USB key) Save file. It allows saving the test result. Pressing it, it is possible to access the list of saved test results (the list can be located in the internal memory or on the USB key) Increment and decrement buttons. To input a value, select the field, and then:

• Edit the desired value, via the keypad

• Increment or decrement the value, pressing the above

pushbuttons

• Rotate the knob clockwise (increment) or anti-

clockwise (decrement)

• Press the keyboard up key to increment, and the

keyboard down key to decrement The amount of the increment or decrement is: ten units, for the plus and minus keys; one unit, for the knob, and one tenth, for the up-down arrows

3 Display

4 Power-on light: it is ON when the test set is operating

5 Power ON and OFF push-button

6 Mains lights: they turn on very shortly as the test set is connected to the mains

7 MENU control knob, with switch

8 Test START and STOP push-button

Table 9 - Frontal panel components (1/2)

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ITEM Component

9 16-keys alpha-numeric keyboard

10 Emergency push-button with lock-in

AC voltage and current output, up to 6 A – 70 V or 3 A - 140 V, fuse protected. Fuse rating: FF 6.3 A 250 V. The LED turns ON when it is active

DC current output, up to 6 A, fuse protected. Fuse rating: T 6.3 A 250 V. The LED turns ON when it is active

AC voltage input connector, up to 3 V. The LED turns ON when it is active

ATTENTION: The connector to this input can be removed only acting on the connector body. Do not pull the cable

14 Active output lights. The LED turns ON when the corresponding output is active

15 AC or DC voltage input sockets, up to 300 V. The LED turns ON when it is active

16 DC voltage input sockets, up to 10 V. The LED turns ON when it is active

AC or DC current input sockets, up to 10 A, fuse protected. Fuse rating: FF 10 A 250 V. The LED turns ON when it is active

Digital input sockets, for voltage clean contact or with voltage up to 300 V. The LED turns ON when the input is closed or with voltage

19 Enable key, for HV tests

Function keys

• The twelve buttons to the right behave as a portable phone

• ENTER confirms what is edited

• DEL

o If the field is numeric, it deletes the first digit to the left. It is

not possible to select the digit to delete: as the wheel is touched, the digit changes

o If the field is alphabetic, it is possible to use the knob to

reach for the letter to be deleted: the deleted letter is the one to the left with respect to the cursor. If the cursor is completely to the left, DEL deletes the letter to the right

• As explained above the arrows, when the context is numeric,

increment or decrement the value; in a selection page, they allow to move around

Table 10 – Frontal panel components (2/2)

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Page 13

The following iamge exhibits the side panel on the left:

Figure 3 – Left panel components

The following table lists the elements of the left panel:

ITEM Component

Alarm output connector, for the light strobe with buzzer option PII43175

Remote start input connector, for the remote push-button option PII42175

USB connection only for ISA diagnostic

Flash disk connector for the local test results saving or for moving the local test results from the local memory

ETHERNET connection to the PC. It incorporates two lights which turn on when the test set is connected

Communication Connector to the external devices (TD 5000, STCS, STDE)

Table 11 – Left panel components

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Page 14

The following image exhibits the side panel on the right:

Figure 4 - Right panel components

The following table lists the elements of the right panel:

ITEM Component

21 Ground connection socket

22 Resettable power supply automatic fuses, rated 16 A 240 V

23 Power supply plug

24 Power supply connection to external optional modules (TD5000, BUX3000, STCS Booster 20 A DC)

High voltage output connectors, rated 2 kV AC

ATTENTION: The connectors to this input can be removed only acting on the connector body. Do not pull the cable

26 High AC current output connectors, rated 800 A

27 High DC current output connectors, rated 400 A

34 F6 fuse

Table 12 – Right panel components

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Page 15

2 A

PPLICABLE STANDARDS

The test set conforms to the EEC directives regarding Electromagnetic Compatibility and Low Voltage instruments.

The following table lists the standards related to the EMC Directive, 2004/108/EC:

Standard Title Requirement

EN 61326

Electrical equipment for measurement, control

and laboratory use. EMC requirements. General requirements

IEC EN 61000-3-2:

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

- Part 3-2:

Limits - Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current ≤ 16 A per phase)

Harmonic content of power supply Acceptable limits: basic

IEC 61000-3-2

Electromagnetic compatibility

(EMC)

- Part 3-3:

Limits - Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current ≤16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection

Limitation of voltage fluctuations and flicker Acceptable limits: basic

CISPR 16-1

Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measurement apparatus and methods

Acceptable limits for conducted emission:

• 0.15÷0.5 MHz: 79 dB pk; 66 dB avg

• 0.5÷5 MHz: 73 dB pk; 60 dB avg

• 5÷30 MHz: 73 dB pk; 60 dB avg

Acceptable limits for radiated emission:

• 30÷230 MHz: 40 dB (30 m)

• 230÷1000 MHz: 47 dB (30 m)

IEC EN 61000-4-2

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

- Part 4-2:

Testing and measurement techniques Electrostatic discharge immunity test

Immunity tests for ESD Test values: 8 kV in air; 4 kV in contact

IEC EN 61000-4-3

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

- Part 4-3:

Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test

Immunity tests for radio frequency interference Test values (f= 900 ± 5 MHz): field 10 V/m, modulated AM 80%; 1 kHz

IEC EN 61000-4-4

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

- Part 4-4:

Testing and measurement techniques - Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test

Immunity tests for high speed transients (burst) Test values: 2 kV peak; 5/50 ns

IEC EN 61000-4-5:

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

- Part 4-3:

Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test

Immunity tests for surge Test values: 1 kV peak differential mode; 2 kV peak common mode; 1.2/50 us

IEC EN 61000-4-6:

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

- Part 4-6:

Testing and measurement techniques - Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radiofrequency fields

Immunity to low-voltage sinusoidal waveform Test values: 0.15-80 MHz, 10 Vrms, 80% AM 1 kHz

IEC EN 61000-4-8:

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

- Part 4-8:

Testing and measurement techniques - Power frequency magnetic field immunity test

Immunity tests for low frequency magnetic fields. Test values: 30 Arms/m

IEC EN 61000-4-11

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

- Part 4-11:

Testing and measurement techniques - Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests

Immunity test for power supply drops. Test value: 1 cycle; 100% drop

Table 13 – Standards related to the EMC Directive (2/2)

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Page 16

The following table lists the standards related to the LV Directive, 2006/95/EC:

Standard Title Requirement

IEC EN 61010-1

Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 1: General requirements

For a pollution degree 2: dielectric rigidity 1.4 kV AC, 1

minute The rigidity is 4600 V AC 1 minute between the high voltage output and the rest of inputs and outputs.

• Inputs/outputs protection: IP 2X, per IEC 60529, for all

but high voltage outputs; IP4X for high voltage outputs

• Insulation resistance, at 500 V DC: > 10 MΩ

• Ground resistance, at 200 mA DC: < 0.1 Ω

• Operating temperature: (-10÷55) °C;

storage: (-20÷70) °C

• Operating relative humidity: 5÷95%, without

condensing. Storage relative humidity: 0÷96%, without condensing

• Altitude: less than 2,000 m

IEC 60068-2-6

Environmental testing - Part 2-6: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)

Vibration: 20 m/s2 at 10÷150 Hz

IEC 60068-2-27

Environmental testing - Part 2-27: Tests Test Ea and guidance: Shock

Shock: 15 g; 11 ms; half-sine

Table 14 - Standards related to the LV Directive

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Page 17

3 C

HARACTERISTICS

3.1 Foreword

STS incorporates a generator with six outputs. When an output is generated, there is voltage also on all other outputs, unless for the high AC voltage.

The generator is made of an electronic type D switching amplifier, followed by a power transformer, which adapts the suitable current or voltage output.

3.2 Main generator

The main generator has six outputs:

• High AC current

• High DC current

• Low AC current

• Low DC current

• High AC voltage

• Low AC voltage

Output adjustment is performed automatically, as a function of the selected test. The following specification applies to the separate use of these outputs.

For all outputs, the following applies:

• Type of generator. Electronic type D switching amplifier, followed by a high power transformer, with a number

of secondary windings, fort the following outputs: high AC current, high DC current, high AC voltage. Loop control of the selected output. The transformer includes also the outputs: Low AC current, Low DC current, Low AC voltage, but they are not loop controlled

• Output adjustable from zero to the maximum value

• The specified output power is available at 25 °C maximum of external temperature, and with a power supply

error of 2% maximum. For higher temperatures, the maximum power decreases of 20 VA/°C

• The specified output accuracy and THD applies at (25±2) °C, resistive load, and burden less than 20% of the

maximum, currents up to 50% of the maximum. With full temperature range, maximum current and maximum burden, errors are twice as bigger

• The specified output characteristics may vary for frequencies below 50 Hz and above 60 Hz

• The generated frequency can be synchronized with the mains (with the Power Line Synchronizer option)

• The selected output is shown by a LED

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Page 18

3.2.1 High AC current

The output is available only on the STS 5000.

The following table lists the output characteristics, at 50 to 60 Hz and supply of 230 V:

Current output

[A]

Output power

[VA]

Load time

[s]

800 4,800 25

600 3,780 200

400 2,560 500

300 1,940 900 (15 min)

200 1,300 > 2 h

Table 15 - High AC current: output characteristics (1/2)

ATTENTION: The output range decreases below 50 Hz and above 60 Hz

The following table lists some more characteristics:

Connection Two high power sockets, with safety protections

Generation resolution 100 mA

Measurement accuracy

Typical < 0.1% of the reading < 0.1% of the 800 A range Guaranteed ±0.2% of the reading ±0.2% of the 800 A range

Table 16 - High AC current: output characteristics (2/2)

3.2.2 High DC current

The output is available only on the STS 5000.

The following table lists the output characteristics:

Current output

[A]

Output power

[W]

Load time

[s]

400 2,600 140

300 1,950 180

200 1,300 > 2 h

100 630 >> 2 h

Table 17 - High DC current: output characteristics (1/2)

The following table lists some more characteristics:

Connection Two high power sockets, with safety protections

Generation resolution 100 mA

Measurement accuracy

Typical < 0.2% of the reading < 0.05% of the 400 A range Guaranteed ±0.4% of the reading ±0.1% of the 400 A range

Table 18 - High DC current: output characteristics (2/2)

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3.2.3 Low AC current

The output is available on the STS 5000 and STS 4000.

Type of generator: not controlled low AC current.

The output current can be manually adjusted using the front panel controls, and measured via the test set current meter.

The following table lists the output characteristics:

Maximum output current 6 A or 3 A

Maximum output voltage 70 V AC or 140 V AC

Maximum output power 360 VA, for both ranges

Duration of the generation > 2 h (at 50 V for 70 V range)

Output protection Fuse type T6A; electronic protection on the 3 A range

Connection Two safety 4 mm banana sockets

Table 19 – Low AC current: output characteristics

3.2.4 Low DC current

The output is available on the STS 5000 and STS 4000.

Type of generator: not controlled low DC current.

The output current can be manually adjusted using the front panel controls, and measured via the test set current meter.

The following table lists the output characteristics:

Maximum output current 6 A DC

Maximum output voltage 65 V DC

Maximum output power 360 W

Duration of the generation > 2 h (at 50 V)

Output protection Fuse type T 6 A

Connection Two safety 4 mm banana sockets

Table 20 – Low DC current: output characteristics

ATTENTION: During the high impedance burdens tests, the output sinks the energy stored into the inductance

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3.2.5 High AC voltage

The output is available on the STS 5000 and STS 4000.

The high AC voltage output is coming from the same transformer as high AC or DC current, but an HV switch inside the test set isolates it.

ATTENTION: This switch is closed only when the operator selects a High voltage test, after the enable key is turned on

Three voltage ranges are available:

• 2,000 V

• 1,000 V

• 500 V

The following table lists the output characteristics for each range:

Voltage range

[V]

Output current

[A]

Output power

[VA]

Load time

[s]

2,000 1.25 2,500 60

2,000 1 2,000 130

2,000 0.5 1,000 > 2 h

Table 21 - High AC voltage: output characteristics (1/4)

Voltage range

[V]

Output current

[A]

Output power

[VA]

Load time

[s]

1,000 2.5 2,500 60

1,000 2 2,000 130

1,000 1 1,000 > 2 h

Table 22 - High AC voltage: output characteristics (2/4)

Voltage range

[V]

Output current

[A]

Output power

[VA]

Load time

[s]

500 5 2,500 60

500 4 2,000 130

500 2 1,000 > 2 h

Table 23 - High AC voltage: output characteristics (3/4)

ATTENTION: The output range decreases below 50 Hz and above 60 Hz

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The following table lists the output characteristics:

Generation resolution 100 mV, on all ranges

Total Harmonic distortion Less than 2% on linear loads

Measurement accuracy

For all ranges, there are four measuring ranges, with automatic switch: 2,000 V; 1,000 V; 500 V; 250 V

Accuracy

Typical < 0.05% of the reading < 0.05% of the metering range Guaranteed ±0.1% of the reading ±0.1% of the metering range

Connection Two HV safety sockets

Table 24 – High AC voltage: output characteristics (4/4)

On this output is also measured the output current, with automatic range selection, and the phase shift of the current with respect to the voltage.

The following table lists the current ranges and the associated errors:

Current range

[A]

Resolution

[mA]

Typical amplitude error Guaranteed amplitude error

Typical

phase error

[°]

[<%rdg] [<%rg] [±%rdg] [±%rg]

5 1 < 0.2 < 0.05 ±0.4% ±0.1% < 0.1

0.5 0.1 < 0.05 < 0.05 ±0.1% ±0.1% < 0.1

0.05 0.01 < 0.1 < 0.1 ±0.2% ±0.2% < 0.2

Table 25 - High AC voltage: current ranges and associated errors

The following table lists the phase shift metering characteristics:

Metering range 0°÷360.0°

Resolution 0.1°

Accuracy

< 0.1° typical

0.2° maximum, for amplitudes more than 10% of the metering range

Table 26 – High AC voltage: phase shift metering characteristics

3.2.6 Low AC voltage

The output is available on the STS 5000 and STS 4000.

Type of generator: not controlled low AC voltage.

The output voltage can be manually adjusted using the front panel controls, and measured via the test set voltage meter.

The following table lists the output characteristics:

Two voltage ranges 140 V AC or 70 V AC

Output power 420 VA, for both ranges

Output protection Fuse type T6A

Connection Two safety 4 mm banana sockets

Table 27 – Low AC current: output characteristics

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3.2.7 High power output to the external modules

The output is available on all models of the STS family.

The output feeds the external modules type TD 5000, BUX 2000, BUX 3000, STLG, STCS Booster 20 A DC.

The following table lists the output characteristics:

Insulation Output not insulated from the mains supply

Output voltage Adjustable in the range (0÷220) V AC

Output power

Supply 230 V: 1,500 VA steady, 4,000 VA during 5 minutes; 5,000 VA during 25 s Supply 110 V: 1,360 VA steady, 2,500 VA during 1 minute; 3,150 VA during 25 s

Table 28 – High power output: output characteristics

This output goes to a safety connector.

3.2.8 Output frequency

The following table lists the frequency range on all the AC outputs:

Frequency 15÷500 Hz

Frequency resolution 10 mHz

Frequency accuracy < 100 ppM; output voltage > 200 V

Table 29 – Frequency range on all the AC outputs

3.2.9 Other features of main outputs

The following table lists other features of main outputs:

Zero crossing control The generation starts and stops on the zero crossing

Over-current Alarm message

Thermal protection

For: Power supply, Power amplifier, Power transformer. The operator is alerted by a message

Output measurement The used output is selected from the front panel

Table 30 – Other features of main outputs

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3.3 Outputs measurement

The display shows the following:

• The High AC current

• The High DC current

• The High AC voltage

• The corresponding output current

All of them are shown in their evolution during the test.

The display shows also the selected measurement inputs.

Type of measurement

True rms for AC outputs DC component for DC outputs

Metering temperature coefficient

±0.05%/°C of the value ±0.02%/°C of the range

Table 31 – Outputs measurement

3.4 External inputs measurement

The following measurements are performed by all the test sets of the family. It is possible to meter the current and the voltage of an external (or internal) generator. Four metering inputs are available, isolated between them and with respect to the rest of the test set:

• AC or DC current, up to 10 A, with two 4 mm safety banana sockets. This input is also protected by a FF10A fuse

• AC voltage, with two independent connections, in alternative:

• High range, up to 300 V AC (four ranges with automatic selection), with two 4 mm safety banana

sockets

• Low range, up to 3 V AC (three ranges with automatic selection), with a shielded connector

• DC voltage, up to 10 V DC (four ranges with automatic selection), with two 4 mm safety banana sockets. On the

same sockets is also available an Ohmmeter, for the 2-wire resistance measurements from 0.1÷20 kΩ

Above inputs allow measuring CT or VT outputs or any other source. The selected input is shown in the front panel with a LED. All inputs have two or more metering ranges, with automatic range selection.

The following table list the resolution and accuracy:

Input Range Impedance Resolution

Typical error Guaranteed error

[<%rdg] [<%rg] [±%rdg] [±%rg]

AC current

10 A

1 A

0.1 Ω

1 mA

0.1 mA

< 0.05% < 0.05% ±0.10% ±0.10%

DC current

10 A

1 A

0.1 Ω

1 mA

0.1 mA

< 0.03% < 0.08% ±0.05% ±0.15%

High AC voltage range

(sockets)

300 V

30 V

3 V

300 mV

500 kΩ

15 mV

1.5 mV

0.15 mV

0.015 mV

< 0.05% < 0.05% < 0.10% < 0.15%

< 0.05%

±0.10% ±0.10% ±0.20% ±0.30%

±0.1%

Low AC voltage range

(connector)

3 V

300 mV

30 mV

10 MΩ

150 μV

30 μV

3 μV

< 0.03% < 0.08%

< 0.1%

< 0.05% < 0.08% < 0.25%

±0.05% ±0.15%

±0.2%

±0.10% ±0.15% ±0.50%

DC voltage

10 V

1 V

100 mV

10 mV

500 kΩ

400 μV

75 μV

4 μV

0.4 μV

< 0.03% < 0.03% < 0.05% < 0.05%

< 0.08% < 0.08% < 0.10% < 0.15%

±0.05% ±0.05% ±0.10% ±0.10%

±0.15% ±0.15% ±0.20% ±0.30%

Table 32 - Resolution and accuracy

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3.5 Timer

The STS 5000 and STS 4000 allow to measure a device timing, using a special input.

At the test start with voltage or current generation, a timer is started; the timer stops when the relay has tripped. It is also possible to stop the timer when the injected current is stopped by the intervention of the device under test.

Characteristics of the Digital In input:

• The input is isolated with respect to all other inputs and outputs

• The input may be selected as Normal Open or Normal Closed

• The timer can start from an analog input (current or voltage)

• The timer can start and stop at the changing of the digital input, both dry or wet contact

• Type of input: either dry or wet. Maximum input: 300 V AC or DC

• With the dry input selection, the wetting voltage is 24 V nominal (unregulated); the test current is 3 mA

nominal. With a resistance less than 200 kΩ the contact can be seen closed

• With the voltage input selection, four thresholds can be selected: 5 V, 24 V, 48 V or > 80 V

• When the input is closed or with voltage, an LED on the front panel turns on

• Wrong selection protection. If a voltage is applied when clean input is selected, input circuits are not damaged,

provided that the voltage is less than 300 V

• Input connection: two safety 4 mm banana sockets

• Time measurement: elapsed time between the test start and the Digital In input

• Timer resolution: 1 ms

• Timer accuracy, digital input: ±0.01% of the measurement ±0.1 ms, for inputs lasting more than 1 ms

• Maximum measured time: 9,999 s

3.6 Phase angle

The test set measures the phase angle between the two AC selected parameters, which are used during the test.

The following table lists the resolution and the accuracy:

Measurement Range Resolution Accuracy

Phase (0÷360) ° 0.01 °

Typical ± 0.1 °

Guaranteed ± 0.2 °

Table 33 - Phase angle resolution and accuracy

The angles accuracy is valid for values greater than 10% of the measurement range used.

Phase shift variation (temperature function)angle temperature drift: ±0.002 °/°C.

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3.7 Other measurements

Starting from the internal and external measurements, the test set computes derived measurements, according to the test selection.

The following table lists the available measurements (the accuracy is the sum of voltage, current and possibly angle accuracy):

No.

Parameter

AC outputs

Derived from Formula Units

Ratio (Rat)

CT or VT or PT

out

, Iin or

out

, Vin

Rat=I

out/Iin

Rat=V

out/Vin

Polarity

CT or VT or PT

ϕ I

out

, Iin or

ϕ V

out

, Vin

K => ϕ < 10 ° -

Burden

CT and VT

out

, I

out

VA=IN2·V

out/Iout

Saturation knee

out

, I

out

VKn, Ikn: according to the

standards

V, A

Resistance

CB and others

out

, V

out

R=V

out/Iout

Impedance

CT and VT insulation test

out

, V

out

Z=V

out/Iout

Short circuit impedance

PT test

out

, V

out

Z=V

out/Iout

Table 34 - Available measurements

The following table lists the parameters for the CT, VT and PT ratio measurement:

Range Resolution Ratio range Typical accuracy Maximum accuracy

0÷9,999 1

0.8÷166 0.20% 0.40%

167÷1,666 0.25% 0.50%

1,667÷9,999 0.30% 0.60%

Table 35 - Parameters for CT, VT and PT ratio measurement

For the polarity test, the phase shift between the two parameters is tested. Answer is OK if phase shift is less than 10 °. The ratio and the polarity are checked also for non-conventional transformers through IEC61850-9-2LE protocol.

For the burden test, the result is the product of voltage and current; the accuracy depends upon the VA range. The following table lists the parameters for the burden test:

Test voltage

[V]

Test current

[A]

VA range

[VA]

Resolution

[VA]

Typical accuracy Maximum accuracy

% % % %

130 3 3,000 0.05 ±0.1 ±0.1 ±0.2 ±0.2

30 2 300 0.01 ±0.1 ±0.1 ±0.2 ±0.2

10 1 30 0.005 ±0.1 ±0.1 ±0.2 ±0.2

3 1 3 0.001 ±0.2 ±0.1 ±0.3 ±0.2

Table 36 - Parameters for the burden test

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For the resistance test it is possible to perform it with four wires, with the two available DC sources, or with two wires, using the 10 V measurement input. The following table lists the corresponding range and accuracy (the maximum resistance is 20 kΩ):

Source Resistance range Resolution Typical accuracy Guaranteed accuracy

High current

400 A

4-wire

10 μΩ

100 μΩ

1 mΩ

10 mΩ

0.01 μΩ

0.1 μΩ 1 μΩ

10 μΩ

< 0.7% < 0.5% < 0.5% < 0.5%

1.35%

1.10%

0.95%

Low DC current

6 A

4-wire

100 mΩ

1 Ω

10 Ω

0.1 mΩ 1 mΩ

10 mΩ

< 0.3% < 0.3% < 0.2%

0.6%

0.4%

DC voltage meter

2-wire

100 Ω

1 kΩ

20 kΩ

0.1 Ω

1 Ω

10 Ω

< 0.6% < 0.5% < 0.5%

1.2%

1.0% 1%.0

Table 37 - Resistance test: range and accuracy

The impedance test is performed applying high voltage and measuring the corresponding current. The following table lists the range and accuracy (the impedance is 100 Ω, the maximum impedance is 2 MΩ):

source

[V]

I output

[A]

Impedance

range

[Ω]

Resolution

[mΩ]

Typical accuracy Maximum accuracy

% % % %

500 0.5÷5 1,000 20 ±0.25 ±0.1 ±0.5 ±0.2

500 0.05÷0.5 10,000 200 ±0.10 ±0.1 ±0.2 ±0.2

1,000 0.5÷2.5 2,000 400 ±0.25 ±0.1 ±0.5 ±0.2

1,000 0.05÷0.5 20,000 2,000 ±0.10 ±0.1 ±0.2 ±0.2

2,000 0.05÷1.25 4,000 800 ±0.25 ±0.1 ±0.5 ±0.2

2,000 0.05÷0.5 40,000 2,000 ±0.10 ±0.1 ±0.2 ±0.2

2,000 0.001÷0.05 2 M 105 ±0.15 ±0.15 ±0.3 ±0.3

Table 38 - Impedance test: range and accuracy

The following table lists the range and tolerances for the short-circuit impedance test:

Measurement range Digits No Range

Maximum

Resolution

Accuracy

10 mH÷2 H 5 Self-adjusting 0.001 mH

1% of the reading,

±0.5 mH

Table 39 - Phase angle resolution and accuracy

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3.8 Display

The following image exhibits the STS display:

Figure 5 - STS display

The following table lists the main features of the display:

Pixel Light LCD type View area

640 x 480, colors Backlight TFT 132 x 99 mm

Table 40 - Main features of the display

3.9 Test control

Test control: by the START / STOP pushbutton. Pressing it, the output is generated, after test selection, according to the type of test. During ON, if a manual control test is selected, the operator adjusts the output at the desired value.

Test saving:

• Automatic save

• After operator confirmation

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3.10 Menu selections

The following image exhibits the Home page of the test set of the Test Plan Editor:

Figure 6 – Home page

The menu is entered pressing the knob and selecting the item moving the knob.

The Test Plan Editor is an innovative and advanced software module, allowing the operator to define and plan a sequence of tests. The operator defines the desired sequence of tests and sets the parameters of each test: the Editor creates a sequence of tests to be performed automatically. The feature is available for the tests of Current, Voltage and Power transformers.

Test plans can be saved or recalled, like test results. Up to 64 settings can be stored and recalled; setting no. 0 is the default one, and pops up at power-on. Settings are permanently stored in the memory; new settings can be written to the same address after confirmation. For normal mode operation it is possible to recall the standard setting, which cannot be modified.

For instance, in the Home page select the icon “Current Transformers” and press the knob:

Figure 7 – “Current Transformers" icon

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The following image exhibits the “Power Transformers – Header and Nominal Values” page (tab Description), visible at first time in which entering this section, or pressing the button “Header/Nominal Values”:

Figure 8 - "Current Transformers/Header and Nominal Values" page (tab Description)

The following image exhibits the tab “Nominals” (Conventional Type without the IEC61850-9-2LE output):

Figure 9 - "Current Transformers/Header and Nominal Values" page (tab Nominals)

From these nominal data, the program computes the nominal saturation knee.

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The following image exhibits the tab “Tolerances”:

Figure 10 - "Current Transformers/Header and Nominal Values" page (tab Tolerances)

The page allows setting the tolerances for each of the available tests. If the tolerance is exceeded, the deviation is shown in the test result table.

After having set this basic information, pressing the shortcut “Edit Test Plan” at the side of the icon and enter the Editor mode; else, it is possible to continue with a single test.

The following image exhibits the “Current Transformers” test page (Conventional Type):

Figure 11 - "Current Transformers" test page (Conventional Type)

The page allows selecting the test to be performed: the corresponding window is opened, and test parameters can be programmed

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For instance, the following image exhibits the “CTs – Ratio Polarity and Burden Current Method” page:

Figure 12 - "CTs – Ratio Polarity and Burden Current Method" page

As the test programming is finished, pressing the shortcut “Exit” by the side of the icon, it is possible to come back to the test selection table. Pressing here the shortcut “Exit Ct’s” by the side of the icon, it is possible to come back to the main menu, and the Editing is finished.

At the end of the programming, starting the first test, the test set executes the complete sequence. During the test, test results are stored in the memory.

At the end of the tests, settings and results can be downloaded to a PC, with PADS program included in the TDMS suite, which comes with the device. The software allows saving test results into a file, examining them, printing them.

Optionally, PADS allows controlling the device from the PC. It is also possible to edit settings with PADS, and to upload them to STS.

In general, the test is performed ramping the parameter until the desired value is reached; after the necessary test duration, the parameter is reduced to zero.

The following tables summarizes all tests and the corresponding performances.

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The following table lists the Current Transformers tests:

No. Test Test description

Ratio Polarity

and Burden

The ratio measurement is performed applying high current to the CT primary, and measuring the CT secondary current. The burden can be by-passed, or left in series for the measurement: in this instance, the voltage drop is measured. The secondary current can be measured by a clamp. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal primary and secondary current, from which the program computes

the nominal ratio

• The nominal test current

The display shows:

• The actual current output

• The corresponding current input, and the value of the secondary current with the

nominal primary current*

• Actual ratio and ratio error

• Phase shift and polarity*

When the burden is tested, the following parameters are displayed

• The voltage drop across the burden

• For the burden: VA rating at the nominal current, angle, power factor

*For Non - CT transformers equipped with IEC61850-9-2LE interface, the STS reads the CT samples output from its Ethernet interface to measure ratio and polarity

Burden

Secondary

Side

The burden measurement is performed applying low AC current to the CT burden, and measuring the voltage drop. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal secondary current

• The nominal test current

The display shows:

• The actual current output

• The voltage drop across the burden

• For the burden: VA rating at the nominal current, angle, power factor

Excitation

Curve

The excitation curve is tested connecting the high AC voltage to the CT secondary, slewing the voltage and measuring at the same time the output voltage and current. Input parameters are taken from the CT Nominal Values window. Other inputs are the following:

• Maximum test voltage and current

• Test frequency

The test set controls the output voltage and current during the test, and stops as the knee is recognized. The display shows the following:

• The characteristic curve

• The actual voltage knee and the error with respect to the nominal

• The actual current error at knee

In addition to this, it is possible to define a point-by-point test, where:

• It is possible to input the desired number of test points, defined with current and

voltage

• The test result reports the deviation from the nominal values, and shows if results

are in the set tolerance

Table 41 - Current Transformers tests (1/4)

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No. Test Test description

Winding or

Burden

Resistance

The resistance (not impedance) is measured connecting the low DC current source to the winding or burden, and measuring the test current and the voltage drop. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal resistance

• The connected output

• The test current

• The resistance limits

It is also possible to compensate the test temperature. The test set controls the output current and voltage during the test, and stops as the test current is reached. The display shows the following:

• The test current

• The voltage drop

• The measured resistance and the compensated resistance

• The test duration

• The current deviation when the measurement was achieved

Voltage

Withstand

The test is performed connecting the high AC voltage source between the CT secondary cabling and the ground or between the CT primary and secondary. Input parameters are the following:

• Maximum test current (with automatic switch-off)

• Test time

• Output range

• Test voltage

• Test frequency

The display shows the following:

• During the HV ramping, the test voltage and current;

• As the test is completed, the test voltage, the maximum current, the total

elapsed time, the isolation impedance (not resistance)

6 Polarity Check

The test is performed connecting the high AC current source to the primary side, generating a special waveform, and measuring the induced secondary current with the optional PLCK polarity sensor. Input parameters are the following:

• The test current

• The generation duty cycle

• The test result (OK or NO)

The display shows the test current and records the test result of the different points

Ratio Polarity

Voltage Mode

The ratio measurement is performed applying High V AC to the CT secondary, and measuring the CT primary voltage. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal primary and secondary current, from which the program computes

the nominal ratio

• The voltage range

• The nominal test voltage and the test frequency

The display shows the following:

• The current test voltage on the secondary side

• The secondary measured voltage and the secondary current with the nominal

primary current

• Actual ratio and ratio error

• Phase shift and polarity

Table 42 - Current Transformers tests (2/4)

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No. Test Test description

8 Rogowski (Ratio)

The test is performed connecting the high AC current source to the primary side, and connecting the CT secondary side to the low voltage measurement. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal primary current and the nominal secondary voltage, from which

the program computes the nominal ratio

• The current range

• The test current

• The test frequency

The display shows the following:

• The nominal primary current and the test current

• The actual test current, the secondary voltage, and the value of the primary

current with the nominal secondary voltage

• Actual ratio and ratio error

• Phase shift and polarity

9 Low Power (Ratio)

The test is performed connecting the high AC current source to the primary side, and connecting the CT secondary side to the low voltage measurement. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal primary current and the nominal secondary voltage, from which

the program computes the nominal ratio

• The current range

• The test current

• The test frequency

The display shows the following:

• The nominal primary current and the test current

• The actual test current, the secondary voltage, and the value of the primary

current with the nominal secondary voltage

• Actual ratio and ratio error

• Phase shift and polarity

10 Tan(δ) measures

The test is performed using the TD 5000 optional module, and then connecting the high AC voltage source to test target. Displayed parameters are the following:

• Test type (1): Where the HV output is applied: in case of a specific device under

test (CT, VT, PT or bushing), the options are displayed

• Capacitance (2): In case of a specific device under test (CT, VT, PT or bushing),

the options are displayed

• Generation mode: to execute a single shot, a voltage or a frequency gradient

• Test mode: It is selected in reference to the TD 5000 and the device under test

connection. In case of a specific device under test (VT, in this case), the more correct test mode is automatically selected, considering also the selections (1) and (2)

• Voltage/Frequency test table: It allows to input the test voltage and frequency

• Nominal Values: Capacitance and TD reference values. In case of a specific

device under test (CT, VT, PT or bushing), these values are kept from the related headers

• Temperature compensation: The Capacitance and TD values vary with the

temperature: optionally, the “k” factor is used to compensate the measures

• Test table

• Results table

• Test voltage, current and frequency

• Capacitance, Tan(δ), power factor (PF)

• Power: active, reactive, apparent

• Impedance: module, argument, components

Table 43 - Current Transformers tests (3/4)

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No. Test Test description

Ratio IEC61850-9-

2LE

Ratio measure and currents polarity for Not Conventional Transformers. The test is executed applying current to the primary side and reading the corresponding “Sample Values”. The test is executed using the test set remote connection with the PC, using the PDS program. Input parameters are the following:

• Nominal primary current

• Test current and frequency

• The sender MAC address

• The recipient MAC address

• The svID (sample value ID)

• The Stream Number

The results are the following:

• The primary current

• The measured Sample Values

• The angle between the primary current and the Sample Values

• Corrected primary current, polarity, error ratio and error %

Table 44 - Current Transformers tests (4/4)

ATTENTION: for the excitation curve test, the following standards apply:

• IEC 60044-1; paragraph 14.4.1. The knee point is the voltage at which the increase of 10% of

voltage causes the increase of the 50% of the exciting current

• ANSI C57.13.1; chapter 9. Plotting a log-log diagram with the excitation current on the X axis

and the exciting voltage on the y axis, the knee point is the one where the tangent of the curve is at 45°

• ANSI C57.13.1; chapter 9. Plotting a log-log diagram with the excitation current on the X axis

and the exciting voltage on the y axis, the knee point is the one where the tangent of the curve is at 30°

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The following table lists the Voltage Transformers tests:

No. Test Test description

1 Ratio

The ratio measurement is performed applying high voltage to the VT primary, and measuring the VT secondary voltage. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal primary and secondary voltage, from which the program computes the nominal

ratio

• Type of connection (Y or Delta)

• The HV range

• The nominal test voltage and frequency

• The selected voltage meter

The display shows the following:

• The actual test voltage

• The secondary voltage*

• The value of the secondary voltage with the nominal primary voltage

• Actual ratio and ratio error

• Phase shift and polarity*

*For Non-conventional VT transformers equipped with IEC61850-9-2LE interface, the STS reads the VT samples output from its Ethernet interface to measure ratio and polarity

Ratio

Electronics

The ratio measurement is performed applying high voltage to the VT primary, and measuring the lowlevel VT secondary voltage. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal primary and secondary voltage, from which the program computes the nominal

ratio

• Type of connection (Y or Delta)

• The HV range

• The nominal test voltage and frequency

The display shows the following:

• The actual test voltage

• The secondary voltage

• The value of the secondary voltage with the nominal primary voltage

• Actual ratio and ratio error

• Phase shift and polarity

3 Burden

The burden measurement is performed applying low AC voltage to the VT burden, and measuring the corresponding current. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal secondary voltage

• The voltage range

• The test voltage and frequency

The test current can also be metered by a clamp. The display shows the following:

• The actual voltage and current test

The results are the following:

• Performance in VA at rated voltage

• Cos(ϕ)

Voltage

Withstand

The test is performed connecting the high AC voltage source between the VT secondary cabling and the ground or between the VT primary and secondary. Input parameters are the following:

• Maximum test current (with automatic switch-off)

• Test time

• Output range

• Test voltage

• Test frequency

The display shows the following:

• During the generation, the test voltage and current

• As the test is completed, the maximum current, the total elapsed time, the isolation impedance

Table 45 - Voltage Transformers tests (1/2)

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No. Test Test description

Polarity

Check

The test is performed connecting the high AC voltage source to the primary side, and measuring the induced secondary voltage with the optional PLCK polarity sensor. Input parameters are the following:

• The test voltage

• The generation duty cycle

• The test result (OK or NO)

The display shows the test voltage, and records the test result of the different points

Tan(δ)

measures

The test is performed using the TD 5000 optional module, and then connecting the high AC voltage source to test target. Displayed parameters are the following:

• Test type (1): Where the HV output is applied: in case of a specific device under test

(CT, VT, PT or bushing), the options are displayed

• Capacitance (2): In case of a specific device under test (CT, VT, PT or bushing), the

options are displayed

• Generation mode: to execute a single shot, a voltage or a frequency gradient

• Test mode: It is selected in reference to the TD 5000 and the device under test

connection. In case of a specific device under test (VT, in this case), the more correct test mode is automatically selected, considering also the selections (1) and (2)

• Voltage/Frequency test table: It allows to input the test voltage and frequency

• Nominal Values: Capacitance and TD reference values. In case of a specific device

under test (CT, VT, PT or bushing), these values are kept from the related headers

• Temperature compensation: The Capacitance and TD values vary with the

temperature: optionally, the “k” factor is used to compensate the measures

• Test table

• Results table

• Test voltage, current and frequency

• Capacitance, Tan(δ), power factor (PF)

• Power: active, reactive, apparent

• Impedance: module, argument, components

Ratio

IEC61850-

9-2LE

• Nominal primary current

• Test current and frequency

• The sender MAC address

• The recipient MAC address

• The svID (sample value ID)

• The Stream Number

The results are the following:

• The primary current

• The measured Sample Values

• The angle between the primary current and the Sample Values

• Corrected primary current, polarity, error ratio and error %

Table 46 - Voltage Transformers tests (2/2)

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The following table lists the Power Transformers tests:

No. Test Test description

1 Ratio

The ratio measurement is performed applying high voltage to the VT primary, and measuring the VT secondary voltage for each tap. If the STCS option is available, connection is performed via the option, and the test is completely automatic. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal primary and secondary voltage, from which the program computes

the nominal ratio

• Type of connection (Y or Delta)

• The type of Tap changer

• The nominal test voltage and frequency

The display shows the following:

• The test voltage, primary and secondary

• Actual ratio and ratio error

• Phase shift and polarity

Winding

Resistance

• The nominal resistance

• The output current (6 A or 400 A)

• The test current

• The nominal resistance and the resistance limits

It is also possible to compensate the test temperature. The test set controls the output current during the test and issues the Tap Change command. The display shows the following:

• The test current

• The tap number

• For the static resistance: the test voltage and resistance, also compensated

• For the dynamic resistance: the measured values are the Ripple and the Slope and

the diagrams of the current or of the resistance During the current discharge, voltage and current are displayed. The dynamic resistance measurement is performed also without the STCS option. The tap changer command is manual

Winding

Resistance –

Auto

The test is performed applying low DC current to the PT primary plus Tap Changer and measuring the voltage drop. The tester measures the resistance peak during the switch and the resistance after the selection. Using the STCS option, the connection to the PT is performed using the option and the test is completely automatic. Input parameters are the following:

• The nominal resistance

• The output current (6 A or 400 A)

• The test current

• The nominal resistance and the resistance limits

It is also possible to compensate the test temperature. The test set controls the output current during the test and issues the Tap Change command. The display shows the following:

• The test current

• The tap number

• For the static resistance: the test voltage and resistance, also compensated

• For the dynamic resistance: the measured values are the Ripple and the Slope and

Table 47 - Power Transformers tests (1/3)

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No. Test Test description

Voltage

Withstand

The test is performed connecting the high AC voltage source between the CT secondary cabling and the ground or between the CT primary and secondary. Input parameters are the following:

• Maximum test current (with automatic switch-off)

• Test time

• Output range

• Test voltage

• Test frequency

The display shows the following:

• During the HV ramping, the test voltage and current;

As the test is completed, the test voltage, the maximum current, the total elapsed time, the isolation impedance (not resistance)

Short-Circuit

Impedance

The test is performed applying low AC current to the winding under test, while other windings are short-circuited, and measuring the associated voltage and phase shift. If the STCS option is available, connection is performed via the option, and the test is completely automatic.

• Input parameters are the following:

• The test current and frequency

• The type of winding

• The phase under test

It is also possible to compensate the test temperature. The test set measures the output voltage, and computes the related parameters. The display shows the following:

• Phase shift; the power loss; the R, X, Z and inductance of the transformer

• The same parameters, but expressed in Per Unit

No-Load

Current

The test is performed connecting the TD 5000 optional module (or the HV output), to the device under test. Input parameters are the following:

• The test voltage

• The frequency

The test set applies the high voltage and measures the output current during the test. The display shows the following:

• The test voltage

• The current and the phase shift

• The power losses

• The reactance

Table 48 – Power Transformers tests (2/3)

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