Invacare CG101080, IVCGFMO, CG10180CA User Manual

Invacare®Therapeutic Support Surfaces Catalog

Invacare® Therapeutic Support Surfaces

Patients immobilized and unable to move

can suffer serious destruction of the skin

and soft body tissue in as little as one

hour. This often results in the formation

of a pressure ulcer. A pressure ulcer is

defined as any lesion caused by

unrelieved pressure resulting in

underlying tissue damage.

Complications related to pressure ulcers

cause an estimated 60,000 deaths and

cost over $1.3 billion annually.1However,

most pressure ulcers are treatable and

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even preventable. Therapeutic Support

Surfaces are a proven way to help

Understanding Pressure Ulcers

Pressure ulcers are typically located in areas such as heels, elbows, shoulders and

the sacral region and are graded or staged to classify the degree of tissue damage.

The images below identify pressure point areas in different body positions.

Therapeutic Support Surfaces

prevent and treat pressure ulcers.

Causes of Pressure Ulcers

Pressure ulcers can be caused by four factors, either individually or in combination:

• Pressure: Results in compression of soft tissue between a bony

prominence and an external surface, such as a bed. When external pressure exceeds capillary blood pressure, the blood supply from the blood vessels to the muscle and skin tissue is impeded, resulting in tissue breakdown.

• Moisture: Over-hydrates skin, resulting in maceration, which

lowers its resistance to mechanical stresses such as pressure or friction.

Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcers

Immobility and Inactivity

One of the most important determinants of developing a pressure ulcer is the ability to move or change positions. Lack of movement can result in loss of blood flow to the muscles and skin.

Body Shape and Size

Those who are very thin or obese are at a higher risk of developing pressure ulcers. Very thin people have little cushion between their skin and bony prominences. Those who are overweight may have difficulty moving around on their own.

Skin and hygiene

As well as advancing age, some medications or treatments can make skin thinner and less able to take the wear and tear of everyday life.

• Shear: Occurs when adjacent surfaces slide across one another,

typically when a patient slides down in bed or chair. The skin remains stationary against the bed linens while the underlying tissue shifts. This causes capillaries to stretch and tear, resulting in reduced blood flow.

• Friction: Caused when the skin is pulled across a coarse surface

such as bed linens, washcloths, or incontinence pads. When friction is applied to the skin, the outer protective layer is rubbed away. The soft moist layers of skin are exposed which allow bacteria to enter.

Nutrition

Lack of a balanced diet and sufficient fluids can lead to frail skin.

Infection

An infection can cause an increase in body temperature and perspiration, resulting in the skin being less supple.

Incontinence

Urine and fecal matter can cause irritation and skin breakdown. It is important that the skin is cleaned and dried as soon as possible to minimize maceration.

Circulation

Poor circulation can cause swelling, or edema, in certain areas, making them less resistant to pressure.

Invacare®Therapeutic Support Surfaces

Therapeutic Support Surfaces

Therapeutic Support Surfaces prevent and treat pressure ulcers by molding to the body to maximize contact, redistributing weight as uniformly as possible, and reducing pressure to below capillary closure (32mm/Hg). have been shown to improve pressure ulcers, there is no compelling evidence that one support surface consistently performs better than all others, under all circumstances. The primary concern when choosing a support surface should be the therapeutic benefit associated with the product.

While a variety of support surfaces

Stages of Pressure Ulcers

Pressure ulcers can be graded from Stage I to Stage IV to classify the degree of tissue damage. Pressure ulcers do not necessarily progress from Stage I to Stage IV or heal from Stage IV to Stage I.

Invacare’s TSS line consists of Group I and Group II surfaces as defined by CMS. Each Group can further be categorized by the type of surface and whether it is

static.

dynamic or

Group I - Support surfaces designed to prevent pressure ulcers

• Gel Overlay – Uniformly distributes pressure and reduces friction and shear with gel

bladders inside a foam core. Designed to be placed directly on top of an existing mattress.

• Foam Mattress – Multiple layers of foam for maximum pressure reduction. Designed

to be placed directly on the existing bed frame.

• Alternating Pressure Pad – Alternates inflation and deflation of cells to constantly

change pressure points. Designed to be placed directly on top of an existing mattress.

Group II - Support surfaces designed to prevent and treat pressure ulcers

• Non Powered Pressure Reducing Mattress – Channels air through cells for

maximum patient immersion.

• Alternating Pressure Mattress – Alternates inflation and deflation of cells to

constantly change pressure points and promote circulation.

Alternating Pressure

Stage I: _________________________

Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin,

the heralding lesion of skin ulceration.

In individuals with darker skin,

discoloration of the skin, warmth,

edema, induration, or hardness may

also be indicators.

Stage II: ________________________

Partial thickness skin loss involving

epidermis, dermis, or both.

Stage III: ________________________

Full thickness skin loss involving

damage to or necrosis of subcutaneous

tissue that may extend down to, but not

through, underlying fascia. The ulcer

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Therapeutic Support Surfaces

• Low Air Loss Mattress – Floats the patient on air-filled cells while circulating air

across the skin to reduce moisture and help maintain a constant skin interface pressure. “True Low Air Loss” utilizes 100-150 liters of air per minute to maintain normal skin temperature and moisture levels, yet will not dry out therapeutic dressings.

Low Air Loss Pressure

• Lateral Rotation Mattress – Gently rotates the patient from side to side to cyclically

change pressure points. Reduces risk of pulmonary complications, stimulates gastrointestinal tract, improves circulation and provides pressure relief without disturbing the patient.

presents clinically as a deep crater

with or without undermining adjacent

tissue.

Stage IV: ________________________

Full thickness skin loss with extensive

destruction, tissue necrosis, or damage

to muscle, bone, or supporting structures

(e.g., tendon or joint capsule).

Invacare® Therapeutic Support Surfaces

1. Completely immobile OR

2. Limited mobility or has a pressure ulcer

on the trunk or pelvis, plus one of the following:

-impaired nutritional status

-fecal or urinary incontinence

-altered sensory perception

-compromised circulatory status

1. Multiple stage II pressure ulcers on trunk or pelvis and

-Patient has been on an ulcer treatment program plus a Group I surface for at least the past month

-Ulcers have worsened or remained the same.

2. Large or multiple Stage III or IV pressure

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3. Recent myocutaneous flap or skin graft for a

Therapeutic Support Surfaces

YES

Require moisture control for

incontinence or perspiration

YES

ulcer(s) on the trunk or pelvis

pressure ulcer on the trunk or pelvis

Standard homecare mattress

Gel overlay, alternating

pressure pad or foam mattress

YES

Low Air Loss

Low Air Loss or Lateral Rotation

This algorithm is a recommended guideline for product selection. It is not a guarantee of product performance.

Patient condition and therapeutic benefit should be the primary drivers of product selection.

Alternating Pressure,

Helpful Hints

• Always follow the directions and advice given by the prescribing

physician.

• Elevate the head of the bed no more than 30˚ whenever possible for

maximum pressure distribution.

• To determine if the patient has bottomed out, place an outstretched

hand, palm up, between the mattress and the patient. The support surface should have about one-inch of uncompressed surface between the hand and the patient. If you can feel the patient’s body, the mattress needs more depth. Either provide a thicker support surface or add more air to the mattress.

•

Use a static support surface if the patient can assume a variety of positions without bearing weight on a pressure ulcer.

• Use a dynamic support surface if (1) the patient cannot assume a

variety of positions without bearing weight on a pressure ulcer, or (2) the patient fully compresses the static support surface.

• Patients should not wear incontinence briefs or pads when using a

therapeutic support surface because they can retain heat and moisture. Follow existing protocols if available.

• To promote air flow, use flat sheets rather than fitted sheets.

•

When placing a patient on a dynamic surface for the first time, acclimate them to the therapy by using a static mode for the first several hours.

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