Low Noise, Low Cost, High End Features, Dual Audio Log Potentiometer
Data SheetOctober 17, 2005
Dual Audio Control Digitally Controlled
Potentiometer (XDCP™)
The X9460 integrates two digitally controlled potentiometer
(XDCP) on a monolithic CMOS integrated circuit. The two
XDCPs can be used as stereo gain controls in audio
applications. Read/Write operations can directly access
each channel independently or both channels
simultaneously. Increment/Decrement can adjust each
channel independently or both channels simultaneously.
The X9460 contains a zero amplitude wiper switching circuit
that delays wiper changes until the next zero crossing of the
audio signal.
The digitally controlled potentiometer is implemented using
31 polysilicon resistors in a log array. Between each of the
resistors are tap points connected to the wiper terminal
through switches. The XDCPs are designed to minimize
wiper noise to avoid pops and clicks during audio volume
transitions. The position of the wiper on the array is
controlled by the user through the 2-wire serial bus interface.
Power-up reset the wiper to the mute position.
FN8203.2
Features
• Dual Audio Control – Two 32 Taps Log Pots
• Zero Amplitude Wiper Switching
• 2-Wire Serial Interface
4 Slave Byte Addresses for Writes[A1,A0]
• Total Resistance: 33kΩ Each XDCP (Typical)
• Dual Voltage Operation
V+/V- = ±2.7 to ±5.5V
• Temp Range = -40°C to +85°C
• Package Options
14 L d TSSOP
• Zero Amplitude Wiper Switching
• Pb-Free Plus Anneal Available (RoHS Compliant)
Audio Performance
• 0 to - 62dB Volume Control
• -92dB Mute
- Power-Up to Mute Position
Pinout
SDA
SCL
V
CC
V+
V
SS
A0
A1
X9460
(14 LD TSSOP)
TOP VIEW
X9460
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
VR
H-right
R
L-right
R
W-right
R
H-left
R
L-left
R
W-left
• SNR -96dB
• THD+N: -95dB @1kHz
• Crosstalk Rejection: -102dB @ 1kHz
• Channel-to-Channel Variation: ± 0.1dB
• 3dB-Cutoff: 100kHz
Applications
• Set Top Boxes
• Stereo Amplifiers
• DVD Players
• Portable Audio Products
Ordering Information
PART NUMBERPART MARKINGVCC LIMITS (V)TEMP RANGE (°C)PACKAGE
X9460KV14I*X9460KV I5V ± 10%-40 to +8514 Ld TSSOP
X9460KV14IZ* (Note)X9460KV Z I-40 to +8514 Ld TSSOP (Pb-free)
X9460KV14I-2.7*X9460KV G2.7 to 5.5-40 to +8514 Ld TSSOP
X9460KV14IZ-2.7* (Note)X9460KV Z G-40 to +8514 Ld TSSOP (Pb-free)
*Add "T1" suffix for tape and reel.
NOTE: Intersil Pb-free plus anneal products employ special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100% matte tin plate
termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL
classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774
XDCP is a trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2005. All Rights Reserved
| Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
Simplified Functional Diagram
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
X9460
V
CC
Power-on
Recall
data
address
I2C
bus
BUS
INTERFACE
CONTROL &
REGISTER
V
SS
Detailed Functional Diagram
V
CC
SCL
SDA
A0
A1
INTERFACE
AND
CONTROL
CIRCUITRY
mute
select
inc/dec
Power-on
Recall
R
mute
DATA
W-Left
8
R
R
H-Left
L-Left
POT
Left
WIPER
COUNTER
REGISTER
(WCR)
POT Left
WIPER
COUNTER
REGISTER
(WCR)
R
W-Right
V+
R
H-Right
R
POT
Right
L-Right
V+
62dB total
# OF
STEP SIZE
STEPS
-1dB11
-2dB10
-3dB5
-4dB4
Mute1
V-
R
H-Left
R
L-Left
R
W-Left
R
W-Right
R
H-Right
R
L-Right
POT Right
SS
V-V
2
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
Typical Application
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
Gain / Volume Control
Left Channel Control
Right Channel Control
Simultaneous Left and Right Channel
Control
Power-up in Mute
X9460
Audio
DAC
Audio => R
RWL, R
WR
HL, RHR
=> Amplifier
X9460
2 XDCP
Audio
Amplifier
Left
Audio
Amplifier
Right
µController
EEPROM
Serial Bus
Pin Assignments
PIN
(TSSOP)SYMBOLFUNCTION
1SDASerial Data
2SCLSerial Clock
3V
CC
4V+Positive Analog Supply
5V
SS
6A0Device Address
7A1Device Address
8R
9R
10R
11R
12R
13R
W-left
L-left
H-left
W-right
L-right
H-right
14V-Negative Analog Supply
System Supply Voltage
System Ground
Wiper terminal of the Left Potentiometer
Negative terminal of the Left Potentiometer
Positive terminal of the Left Potentiometer
Wiper terminal of the Right Potentiometer
Negative terminal of the Right Potentiometer
Positive terminal of the Right Potentiometer
3
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
X9460
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Detailed Pin Description
Host Interface Pins
SERIAL CLOCK (SCL)
The SCL input clocks data into and out of the X9460.
SERIAL DATA (SDA)
SDA is a bidirectional pin used to transfer data into and out
of the device. It is an open drain output and may be wireORed with any number of open drain or open collector
outputs. An open drain output requires the use of a pull-up
resistor. For selecting typical values, refer to the guidelines
for calculating typical values on the bus pull-up resistors
graph.
DEVICE ADDRESS (A
The Address inputs are used to set the least significant 2 bits
of the 8-bit Slave Byte Address. A match in the slave
address serial data stream must be made with the Address
input in order to initiate communication with the X9460. Up to
4 X9460s may be connected to a single I
written to (NOTE: you cannot read from more than one
device on the same 2-wire bus). If left floating, these pins are
internally pulled to ground.
Slave Byte (bits, MSB-LSB) = 0101 0 A
Potentiometer Pins
R
The R
connections on either end of a mechanical potentiometer.
R
The wiper outputs are equivalent to the wiper output of a
mechanical potentiometer.
, R
H-LEFT
and RL inputs are equivalent to the terminal
H
, R
W-LEFT
L-LEFT
W-RIGHT
, R
Supply Pins
ANALOG SUPPLY V- AND V+
The positive power supply for the DCP analog control
section is connected to V+. The negative power supply for
the DCP analog control section is connected to V-.
DIGITAL SUPPLIES V
The power supplies for the digital control sections.
Power-up and Down Recommendations
There are no restrictions on the power-up condition of VCC,
V+ and V- and the voltages applied to the potentiometer pins
provided that the V
the voltage at R
all times, the voltages on the potentiometer pins must be
less than V+ and more than V-.
, RL, and RW, ie. VCC, V+ > RH, RL, RW. At
H
- A0)
1
2
C serial bus and
R/W
1 A0
, R
H-RIGHT
, V
CC
SS
and V+ are more positive or equal to
CC
L-RIGHT
The V
ground. V
pin is always connected to the system common or
SS
, VL, VW are the voltages on the RH, RL, and RW
H
potentiometer pins.
X9460 Principles of Operation
The X9460 is a highly integrated microcircuit incorporating
two resistor arrays with their associated registers, counters
and the serial interface logic providing direct communication
between the host and the DCP potentiometers. This section
provides detailed description as following:
- Resistor Array Description
- Serial Interface Description
- Command Set and Register Information Description
Resistor Array Description
The X9460 is comprised of two resistor arrays. Each array
contains 31 discrete resistive segments that are connected
in series. The physical ends of each array are equivalent to
the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer (R
R
inputs). Tables 1 and 2 provide a description of the step
L
size and tap positions.
At both ends of each array and between each resistor
segment is a CMOS switch connected to the wiper (R
output. Within each individual array only one switch may be
turned on at a time. These switches are controlled by the
Wiper Counter Register (WCR). The five bits of the WCR are
decoded to select, and enable, one of thirty-two switches.
TABLE 1. TOTAL -62dB RANGE PLUS MUTE POSITION
STEP SIZE# OF STEPS
-1dB11 steps
- 2dB10 steps
- 3dB5 steps
- 4dB4 steps
Mute1 step
TABLE 2. WIPER TAP POSITION vs dB
TAP POSITION, ndBMIN/MAX dB
for n = 20 to 31n - 31-11/0
for n = 10 to 192n-51-31/-13
for n = 5 to 93n-61-46/-34
for n = 1 to 44n-66-62/-50
n = 0-92-92
and
H
W
)
The following V
ramp rate spec is always in effect.
CC
0.2 V/ms < VCC ramp < 50 V/ms
4
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
X9460
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Serial Interface Description
Serial Interface
The X9460 supports a bidirectional bus oriented protocol.
The protocol defines any device that sends data onto the
bus as a transmitter and the receiving device as the receiver.
The device controlling the transfer is a master and the
device being controlled is the slave. The master will always
initiate data transfers and provide the clock for both transmit
and receive operations. The X9460 is a slave device in all
applications.
Clock and Data Conventions
Data states on the SDA line can change only during SCL
LOW periods. SDA state changes during SCL HIGH are
reserved for indicating start and stop conditions.
Start Condition
All commands to the X9460 are preceded by the start
condition, which is a HIGH to LOW transition of SDA while
SCL is HIGH. The X9460 continuously monitors the SDA
and SCL lines for the start condition and will not respond to
any command until this condition is met.
Stop Condition
All communications must be terminated by a stop condition,
which is a LOW to HIGH transition of SDA while SCL is
HIGH.
Acknowledge
Acknowledge is a software convention used to provide a
positive handshake between the master and slave devices
on the bus to indicate the successful receipt of data. The
transmitting device, either the master or the slave, will
release the SDA bus after transmitting eight bits. The master
generates a ninth clock cycle and during this period the
receiver pulls the SDA line LOW to acknowledge that it
successfully received the eight bits of data.
The X9460 will respond with an acknowledge: 1) after
recognition of a start condition and after an identification and
slave address byte, and 2) again after each successful
receipt of the instruction or databyte. See Figure 1.
Invalid Commands
For any invalid commands or unrecognizable addresses, the
X9460 will NOT acknowledge and return the X9460 to the
idle state.
SCL FROM
MASTER
DATA
OUTPUT
FROM
TRANSMITTER
DATA
OUTPUT
FROM
RECEIVER
START
1
FIGURE 1. ACKNOWLEDGE RESPONSE FROM RECEIVER
89
ACKNOWLEDGE
5
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
X9460
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
Command Set and Register Description
Device Addressing
Following a start condition the master must output the Slave
Byte Address of the slave it is accessing. The most
significant four bits of the slave address are the device type
identifier (refer to Figure 2). For the X9460 this is fixed as
0101.
DEVICE TYPE
IDENTIFIER
100
FIGURE 2. SLAVE BYTE ADDRESS
The next three bits of the Slave Byte Address are the device
address. The device address is defined by the A
The X9460 compares the serial data stream with the Slave
Byte Address; a successful compare is required for the
X9460 to respond with an acknowledge. The A
can be actively driven by CMOS input signals or tied to V
or V
. The R/W bit sets the device for read or write
SS
operations. Note that the X9460 supports reads and writes to
a single device on the 2-wire bus. If more than one X9460 is
used on the same 2-wire bus, those devices must have
unique device addresses and only writes are supported. You
may not read from multiple devices or contention will result
and the data is not valid.
Command Set
After a Slave Byte Address match, the next byte sent
contains the Command and register pointer information. The
four most significant bits are the Command. The next bit is a
“X” (don’t care) set to zero.
1
0A1A0
DEVICE ADDRESS
this bit not used, set to 0
R/W
- A0 inputs.
1
- A0 inputs
1
CC
Several instructions require a three-byte sequence to
complete. These instructions transfer data between the host
and the X9460. These instructions are: Read Wiper Counter
Register, Write Wiper Counter Register. The sequence of
operations is shown in Figure 4 and 5. The four-byte
command is used for write command for both right and left
pots (Figure 6).
Special Commands
Increment/Decrement Instruction. The Increment/Decrement
command is different from the other commands. Once the
command is issued and the X9460 has responded with an
acknowledge, the master can clock the selected wiper up
and/or down. For each SCL clock pulse (t
) while SDA is
HIGH
HIGH, the selected wiper will move one resistor segment
towards the R
terminal. Similarly, for each SCL clock pulse
H
while SDA is LOW, the selected wiper will move one resistor
segment towards the R
terminal. A detailed illustration of
L
the sequence and timing for this operation are shown in
Figures 7 and 8 respectively.
Wiper Counter Register
The X9460 contains two Wiper Counter Registers. The
Wiper Counter Register output is decoded to select one of
thirty-two switches along its resistor array. The Write Wiper
Counter Register command directly sets the WCR to a
value. The Increment/Decrement instruction steps the
register value up or down one to multiple times.
The WCR is a volatile register (Table 3) and is reset to the
mute position (tap 0, “zero”) at power-up.
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation
of the device (at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification) is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Analog SpecificationsOver the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
ANALOG INPUTS
SYMBOLPARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
V
TERM
R
TOTAL
Cin (Note 4) Input Capacitance RL, RH, RW T
(NOte 2) Wiper Current-3+3mA
I
W
R
V-Voltage on V- pin-5.5-2.7V
Voltage on RL, RW, and RH pinsV-V+V
End to End ResistanceTypical 33kΩ -20+20%
= 25oC25pF
A
Wiper ResistanceWiper Current = ±3mA100200Ω
W
10
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
X9460
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
Analog SpecificationsOver the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified (Note 1) (Continued)
ANALOG INPUTS
SYMBOLPARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
V+Voltage on V+ pin+2.7+5.5V
Noise20Hz to 20kHz, Grounded Input @ -6dB tap2µVrm s
(Note 2) Temperature Coefficient of resistance-300PPM/°C
TC
R
DC Electrical SpecificationsOver the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified. (Note 1)
LIMITS
SYMBOLPARAMETERTEST CONDITIONS
I
CC1
I
SB
I
IaiAnalog Input LeakageV
I
LO
V
V
V
VCC Supply Current (Move Wiper,
Write, Read)
VCC Current (Standby)SCL = SDA = VCC, Addr. = V
Input Leakage CurrentVIN = VSS to V
LI
Output Leakage CurrentV
Input HIGH VoltageVCC x 0.7VCC + 0.5V
IH
Input LOW Voltage-0.5VCC x 0.1V
IL
Output LOW VoltageIOL = 3mA0.4V
OL
f
= 400kHz, SDA = Open,
SCL
Other Inputs = V
= V- to V+ with all other
IN
analog inputs floating
= VSS to V
OUT
SS
CC
CC
SS
MINTYPMAXUNITS
200300µA
3µA
110µA
0.1µA
10µA
Capacitance
SYMBOLTESTTEST CONDITIONSMAXUNITS
(Note 4)Input/Output Capacitance (SDA)V
C
I/O
(NOte 4)Input Capacitance (A0, A1, A2 and SCL)VIN = 0V6pF
C
IN
NOTE:
4. This parameter is not 100% tested.
= 0V8pF
I/O
11
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
X9460
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
A.C. Test Conditions
Input Pulse LevelsVCC x 0.1 to VCC x 0.9
Input Rise and Fall Times10ns
Input and Output Timing LevelV
CC
x 0.5
Equivalent A.C. Load Circuit
5V
1533Ω
SDA OUTPUT
100pF
AC TIMINGOver recommended operating conditions
SYMBOLPARAMETERMINMAXUNITS
f
SCL
t
CYC
t
HIGH
t
LOW
t
SU:STA
t
HD:STA
t
SU:STO
t
SU:DAT
t
HD:DAT
(Note 2)SCL and SDA Rise Time300ns
t
R
tF (Note 2)SCL and SDA Fall Time300ns
(Note 2) SCL Low to SDA Data Output Valid Time900ns
t
AA
(Note 2) SDA Data Output Hold Time50ns
t
DH
TI (Note 2)Noise Suppression Time Constant at SCL and SDA inputs50ns
(Note 2) Bus Free Time (Prior to Any Transmission)1300ns
t
BUF
t
SU:WPA
t
HD:WPA
Clock Frequency400kHz
Clock Cycle Time2500ns
Clock High Time600ns
Clock Low Time1300ns
Start Setup Time600ns
Start Hold Time600ns
Stop Setup Time600ns
SDA Data Input Setup Time500ns
SDA Data Input Hold Time50ns
A0, A1 (Note 2)0ns
A0, A1 (Note 2)0ns
DC Timing (Note 2)
SYMBOLPARAMETERMINMAXUNITS
t
WRPO
t
WRL
t
WRID
Wiper Response Time After The Third (Last) Power Supply Is Stable10µs
Wiper Response Time After Instruction Issued (All Load Instructions)10µs
Wiper Response Time From An Active SCL Edge (Increment/Decrement Instruction)10µs
12
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
Timing Diagrams
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
SCL
t
SU:STA
SDA
X9460
(START)(STOP)
t
R
t
HD:STA
t
R
FIGURE 9. START AND STOP TIMING
t
F
t
SU:STO
t
F
SCL
SDA
SCL
SDA
t
CYC
t
SU:DAT
FIGURE 10. INPUT TIMING
t
AA
FIGURE 11. OUTPUT TIMING
t
HIGH
t
HD:DAT
t
DH
t
LOW
t
BUF
SCL
SDA
VWx
LSB
t
WRL
FIGURE 12. DCP TIMING (FOR ALL LOAD INSTRUCTIONS)
13
(STOP)
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
Typical Performance Characteristics
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
(Vcc, V+ = 5.0V, V- = -5.0V, TA = + 25 °C, unless otherwise noted)
+0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
d
-90
B
V
-10 0
-11 0
-12 0
-13 0
-14 0
-15 0
-16 0
-17 0
-18 0
2020k501002005001k2k5k10k
(with 1kHz 1Vrms input, tap = -6dB)
X9460
FF T Spectrum
Hz
FIGURE 13. SINGLE TONE FREQUENCY RESPONSE
THD+N vs Frequency
-60
-65
-70
-75
-80
-85
d
-90
B
-95
-100
-105
-110
-115
-120
2020k501002005001k2k5k10k
(with 80kHz low-pass filter, tap = -6dB)
Hz
FIGURE 14. THD + N
14
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
k
X9460
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
Typical Performance Characteristics
(Vcc, V+ = 5.0V, V- = -5.0V, TA = + 25 °C, unless otherwise noted)
Mute Mod e
+0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
d
-70
B
V
-80
-90
-100
-110
-120
-130
-140
2020
501002005001k2k5k10k
Hz
FIGURE 15. MUTE
15
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
Packaging Information
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
X9460
14-Lead Plastic, TSSOP, Package Type V
.025 (.65) BSC
0° - 8°
.0075 (.19)
.0118 (.30)
.193 (4.9)
.200 (5.1)
.019 (.50)
.029 (.75)
Detail A (20X)
.169 (4.3)
.177 (4.5)
.047 (1.20)
.002 (.05)
.006 (.15)
.010 (.25)
Gage Plane
Seating Plane
.252 (6.4) BSC
.031 (.80)
.041 (1.05)
See Detail “A”
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS)
All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.
Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
16
FN8203.2
October 17, 2005
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