APPENDIX I – SYSEX (System-Exclusive) Message Definitions............................................... 57
Appendix II - Jumpers.............................................................................................................. 77
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Welcome
Congratulations on your purchase of the MEQ-2000, a state-of-the-art digital multimode
equalizer with extended frequency range. The MEQ-2000 is the result of a professional
collaboration between two audio industry leaders: Inter-M, known for a wide range of
high-quality professional audio equipment, and Algorithmix, one of the foremost
developers of signal processing and DSP hardware.
Thanks to high-quality AD/DA converters, a constant internal sampling rate of 96kHz and
precision ultra-low-noise digital filters, the MEQ-2000 delivers warm analog sound with the
benefits of a digital feature set.
A personal welcome to you from the management and employees of Inter-M
All of us here at Inter-M are dedicated to providing you with the highest quality products
and the best value.
We sincerely trust this product will provide you with years of satisfactory service. If
anything is not to your complete satisfaction, we will endeavor to make things right.
Welcome to Inter-M, and thank you for becoming a part of our worldwide extended
family!
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Unpacking
Your MEQ-2000 is a feature-rich, professional device. We strongly recommend you take
the time to read this comprehensive manual and familiarize yourself with the important
information regarding product features, setup and operation.
As with most electronic devices, we strongly recommend you retain the original
packaging. In the unlikely event the product must be returned for servicing, the original
packaging (or reasonable equivalent) is required.
Warnings
Environment
Never place this product in an environment that could alter its performance or reduce its
service life. Such environments are usually characterized by high levels of heat, dust,
moisture, or vibration.
Safety
1. Read these instructions carefully.
2. Follow all instructions.
3. Keep all warnings.
4. Do not operate this apparatus near water.
5. Clean only with a damp cloth.
6. Do not block any of the ventilation openings.
7. Install only in accordance with the instructions in this manual.
8. Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other
devices (including amplifiers) that produce heat.
9. Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding type plug. A polarized
plug has two blades, with one wider than the other. A grounding type plug has two
blades and a third grounding prong. The wide blade or the third prong is provided for
your safety. If the provided plug does not fit into your outlet, consult an electrician for
replacement of the obsolete outlet.
10. Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched, particularly at plugs,
convenience receptacles, and the point where it is attached to the apparatus.
11. Use only the attachments/accessories specified.
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12. Use only with a cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table specified, or sold with the
apparatus. When a cart is used, use caution when moving the cart/apparatus
combination to avoid overturning.
13. Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when it will be unused for a long
period of time.
14. Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel. Servicing is required when the
apparatus has been damaged in any way, such as power supply cord or plug is
damaged, liquid has been spilled or objects have fallen into the apparatus, the
apparatus has been exposed to rain or moisture, does not operate normally, or
has been dropped.
Operation
Make certain that speakers and input sources are properly connected before switching
on.
Keep volume levels turned down before switching on.
NOTE: The system’s operation is delayed by approximately three seconds after pressing
the power switch. This is due to the built-in protection circuitry, designed to protect
speakers and other system components.
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MEQ-2000
24/96 Multimode Equalizer
Features
• Traditional warm analog sound coupled with state-of-the-art digital signal processing.
• Digital I/O on AES/EBU or S/PDIF with comprehensive Sample Rate Conversion: Input
rates of 20-100kHz, Output rates of 32, 44.1, 48, 64, 88.2 and 96 kHz.
• High-end 24-bit 96kHz A/D and D/A converters.
• 40-bit internal signal path for maximum headroom.
• Inherent system delay of less than 1 ms.
• Extended frequency bandwidth of up to 31.5 kHz.
• Eight band fully parametric equalizer with six bell-type filters, low and high shelving.
• Low-cut and high-cut filters with switchable slopes.
• Six-band notch filters for feedback suppression.
• 31-band graphic equalizer.
• Mastering quality Compressor/Limiter with adaptive knee and auto-release.
• Intuitive programming and real-time navigation interface.
• 64 factory and 128 user presets.
• Unique parameter wheel with built-in dynamic behavior for convenient parameter
entry.
• Remote control via MIDI or RS-232.
• Software update via Internet or RS-232.
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OVERVIEW – Front Panel Controls
1. Input Levels
Two analog input level controls with ±12dB range.
2. Input Level Meters
Two eight-segment LED level meters with Clip indicators.
3. LCD Display
Blue backlit LCD 240 X 64 display provides instant parameter readouts.
4. Soft Keys F1 ~ F6
These soft keys perform a variety of functions based on the currently selected
software parameter. Their function will always be shown directly above the keys
on the LCD display (3).
5. Display Mode Keys
These keys are used to select the current display mode. Options are Setup, Utility
and Memory. The current selection is shown by the keys’ integrated LEDs.
6. Function Keys
These keys are used to select the current function mode. Options are Mute,
Bypass, Preset 1 and Preset 2. The current selection is shown by the keys’
integrated LEDs.
7. Cursor Keys
These four keys (Up, Down, Right and Left) are used in conjunction with the
Parameter Wheel (8) to navigate the on-screen menu functions.
8. Parameter Wheel
This wheel is used in conjunction with the Cursor Keys (7) to navigate the onscreen menu functions.
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9. Power Switch
This switch is used to switch the unit on and off. When the unit is on, the integrated
Power Indicator LED is lit.
10. LCD Contrast Adjustment
This knob adjusts the contrast of the LCD display, for better readability at different
angles and in varied lighting.
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OVERVIEW – Rear Panel Controls
1. Analog Inputs
Analog audio inputs on balanced three-pin female XLR connectors.
2. Analog Outputs
Analog audio outputs on balanced three-pin male XLR connectors.
3. Digital Inputs
Digital audio inputs: AES/EBU on XLR connector, S/PDIF coaxial on RCA
connector, and S/PDIF optical on TOSLINK connector.
4. Digital Outputs
Digital audio outputs: AES/EBU on XLR connector, S/PDIF coaxial on RCA
connector, and S/PDIF optical on TOSLINK connector.
5. Remote Connectors
Remote In and Thru on RS-232 (9-pin D-Sub) connectors.
6. MIDI Connections
MIDI In, Out and Thru on standard 5-pin DIN connectors.
7. AC Power Input
Connect a standard three-pin AC cable to this connector. This connector also
contains the fuse holder and voltage switch.
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OVERVIEW – Signal Flow Diagram
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OVERVIEW – Operating Modes
The MEQ-2000 can function as a valuable tool for a number of different applications,
including:
• Recording
• Mixing
• Mastering
• Sound Reinforcement
• Acoustical Measurements
The MEQ-2000’s internal algorithms consist of a number of complex modules, capable of
multiple operations. The Configuration function (see Page 38), found under the Utility
menu, allows various module configurations, each of which is optimized for one of the
above applications. All the MEQ-2000’s modules can be used simultaneously. The
MEQ-2000 may be used in various mono modes, or in dual-channel mode. In dualchannel mode, the unit can function as two independent channels, or coupled as a
stereo unit.
The following chapters outline each of the MEQ-2000’s menus and its various functions.
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SETUP MENU – Device Status
Pressing the Setup Button to the right of the LCD display opens the DEVICE STATUS menu,
displaying the unit’s configuration, audio inputs and outputs. The screen reads DEVICE STATUS, and the soft keys display the setup menu options.
The DEVICE STATUS screen displays a number of important function parameters:
INPUT Displays the current input, as selected in the CONFIG menu. If one of the
digital inputs has been selected and the unit is receiving valid digital
input, the format is shown in parentheses: Professional (PRO) or consumer
(CON).
FSI/WLI If one of the digital inputs has been selected and the unit is receiving valid
digital input, the sampling frequency (FSI) and word length (WLI) are
displayed here.
SRCI Indicates whether the input sampling rate converter is active.
OUTPUT Displays the current output, as selected in the CONFIG menu. If one of the
digital outputs has been selected, the chosen format is shown in
parentheses: Professional (PRO) or consumer (CON).
FSO/WLO If one of the digital outputs has been selected, the sampling frequency
(FSO) and word length (WLO) as selected in the CONFIG menu are
displayed here.
SRCO Indicates whether the output sampling rate converter is active.
CONFIG Indicates the selected module configuration.
LOCK Displays the locked or unlocked status of the buttons and parameter
wheel, as selected in the DEVICE LOCK menu.
REMOTE Indicates the remote status (RS-232, MIDI or OFF), as selected in the
REMOTE menu.
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FS INTERNAL Indicates the internal sampling frequency. This should always read 96kHz.
FSI MEASURED Displays the actual sampling frequency of the signal at the selected
digital input.
Setup Menu Structure
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SETUP MENU – Setup Screen
The Setup Screen performs a number of functions, depending on which modules are
selected. When the Setup Screen is first called up, the Status Screen displays the unit’s
hardware setup (see previous section). The Soft Keys at the bottom of the screen bring
up the unit’s various processing functions.
In Setup mode, the Soft Keys are labeled as follows:
F1 – PEQ Enters the eight-band parametric equalizer menu.
F2 – GEQ Enters the 31-band graphic equalizer menu.
F3 – CUT Enters the CUT Filter menu (high-cut, low-cut and six notch filters).
F4 – DELAY Enters the DELAY menu, offering two 1.3 second delay lines.
F5 – LIM In RE-1 and RE-3 Configuration modes, enters Peak Limiter mode. In MA-1 and MA-2 Mastering modes, enters the compressor/limiter menu.
F6 – MORE Opens Page 2 for further options. To return to Page 1, press F6 again. If no
more buttons are pushed for 10 seconds, the display will return to Page 1
automatically.
On Page 2 the Soft Keys are labeled as follows:
F1 – RTA Opens the Real Time Spectrum Analyzer.
F2 – LEVELS Enters the menu for adjusting digital levels.
F3 – GEN Only functions in ME-1 or ME-2 Configuration modes. Opens the
Reference Generator.
F6 – MORE Switches back to Page 1.
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Every processing function selected by the Soft Keys brings up an application-specific
menu, assigning new labels to the Soft Keys. The illustration below shows the Graphic
Equalizer (GEQ) screen:
The PARAMETER WINDOW on the left side of the display shows the current module’s
parameters. These parameters can be selected by the cursor keys
and adjusted
with the Parameter Wheel.
At the bottom of the Parameter Window is the Module Activity Status line. This shows
which modules have been chosen in the current processing setup, and which are active.
The active modules are highlighted. In the example above, five modules are selected:
Delay (DE), Cut (CU), Parametric EQ (PE), Graphic EQ (GE) and Limiter (LI). Delay, Cut
and PEQ are active; GEQ and Limiter are inactive.
Four Soft Keys function the same in every processing mode:
F1 – ONSwitches the selected function ON or OFF. ON status is indicated by an
inverted button. (In the example above, GEQ is off).
F2 – CHIs active only in dual-channel mode. If both channels are linked or in
mono mode, the button’s display is empty.
F5 – MODE Brings up the advanced setup options.
F6 – EXIT Returns the screen to the main SETUP window.
The upper status line displays the name of the selected processing function, the channel
number (CH1, CH2, or CH1+2 if the channels are linked), the overflow warning field (OVF),
the digital input warning field, and the preset number.
If you have selected a digital input in the CONFIG menu, and a valid digital signal is not
seen at the selected input, the upper status line will flash with an UNLOCKED message,
and the input will be muted.
Parameter Wheel
The increment and decrement value of a selected parameter may be adjusted with the
parameter wheel. Rotating the wheel quickly will adjust the value quickly and in coarse
steps, while rotating the wheel slowly will adjust the value slowly and in fine steps.
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SETUP MENU – Parametric Equalizer (PEQ)
The Parametric Equalizer (PEQ) offers eight high-precision digital filters: six constant-Q bell
filters, a low shelving and high shelving filter. A Master Gain parameter is provided to
compensate for gain changes after equalization.
There are five active buttons in PEQ mode:
F1 – ON Switches the PEQ module on or off.
F2 – CH Toggles between CH1 and CH2 setup (only active if CH LINK is off).
F3 – FLAT Sets the equalizer to flat and changes to UNDO unless a parameter is
changed (useful for comparing EQ’ed and flat responses).
F5 – MODE Switches to MODE menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The PEQ parameters can be selected using the
parameter wheel. The
selected band is displayed in the FILT field, and indicated by a flashing arrow over the
filter’s characteristic.
FILT displays the filter band or master gain, as selected by the
FREQ displays the center frequency (bell filters) or corner frequency (for shelving
filters) in 1/12 octave steps through the frequency range of 10Hz – 25kHz.
GAIN displays the cut or boost value for the selected filter or master gain. Two
amplitude ranges are available: ±8dB with 0.125dB/step, or ±16dB with
0.25 dB/step.
BW or Qselects the filter bandwidth of the active filter, within a range of 1/12
octave to 2 octaves (or if in Q mode, from 17.31 to 0.667).
cursor keys allow for fast selection of filter bands. The
cursor keys, and changed with the
cursor keys.
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SLPappears instead of BW or Q when LS or HS (shelving) is chosen in the FILT
menu. It selects the shelving slope of 3, 6, or 9dB per octave.
PEQ MODE Screen
By pressing the MODE button you can access the PEQMODE screen, which allows for
global setup changes in the PEQ module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
cursor keys and adjusted with the
parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must be
pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF) key.
Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the PEQ screen.
Global parameters available in the PEQ MODE screen are:
CH LINK determines the channel coupling status:
OFF selects dual channel mode, with two independent channels.
CH1→2 couples the channels with CH1 slaved to CH2.
CH2→1 couples the channels with CH2 slaved to CH1.
RANGEselects the adjustment range of the PEQ module: ±8dB with 0.125dB/steps, or ±16dB with 0.25 dB/steps.
BW UNITselects units for bandwidth menu: octave or Q.
The default values are CH1→2, ±8dB, OCT.
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SETUP MENU – Graphic Equalizer (GEQ)
The Graphic Equalizer (GEQ) offers 31 bands of 1/3-octave equalization over a frequency
range of 20Hz to 20kHz.
There are five active buttons in GEQ mode:
F1 – ON Switches the GEQ module on or off.
F2 – CH Toggles between CH1 and CH2 setup (only active if CH LINK is off).
F3 – FLAT Sets the equalizer to flat and changes to UNDO unless a parameter is
changed (useful for comparing EQ’ed and flat responses).
F5 – MODE Switches to Mode menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The Parameter Window displays the setup for the selected band: Band number (BAND),
center frequency (FREQ), GAIN, and TYPE. The
can be used to adjust the gain of the selected frequency band, which is indicated by a
flashing arrow in the main window.
The following parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted:
BAND displays the active filter band.
FREQ displays the center frequency of the selected band.
GAIN displays the boost or cut value of the selected band. Two amplitude
ranges can be selected in the MODE menu by pressing F5: ±8dB with
0.125dB/steps, or ±16dB with 0.25 dB/steps.
TYPEdisplays the type of filter bank used: asymmetrical, analog-style parallel
structure (PARALLEL) or interpolating filter bank (INTERP).
cursor keys or the parameter wheel
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GEQ MODE Screen
By pressing the MODE button you can access the GEQ MODE screen, which allows for
global setup changes in the GEQ module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
and cursor keys and adjusted
with the parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must
be pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF)
key. Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the GEQ screen.
Global parameters available in the GEQ MODE screen are:
CH LINK determines the channel coupling status:
OFF selects dual channel mode, with two independent channels.
CH1→2 couples the channels with CH1 slaved to CH2.
CH2→1 couples the channels with CH2 slaved to CH1.
RANGEselects the adjustment range of the GEQ module: ±8dB with 0.125dB/steps, or ±16dB with 0.25 dB/steps.
TYPE selects the type of GEQ filter bank (PARALLEL or INTERP).
DISPLAY selects the type of GEQ display (beams or faders).
WEIGHT selects the GEQ reference according to a normalized spectrum envelope
(RTA) stored in the RTA MODE screen (see RTA module section, page 31),
to another GEQ setting stored as reference in GEQMODE screen(see
below), or switches it off (no reference). It is not active in ME-1 or ME-2
measurement modes.
REFERENCE selects whether to SHOW or HIDE the reference characteristics selected in
the WEIGHT menu. If SHOW is selected, the reference is added to the
display parameter. It is not active in ME-1 or ME-2 measurement modes.
After pressing the F3 (GREF) key, the current GEQ setup is stored for
reference in the REFERENCE parameter. This is useful for base room
equalization reference, or for compensation of system measurement
characteristics.
The default values are CH1→2, ±8dB, INTERP, BEAMS, OFF, HIDE.
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SETUP MENU – Notch and Cut Filters (CUT)
Notch and High/Low Cut filter module (CUT) offers effective feedback or hum suppression
through six very narrow, adjustable notch filters.
There are six active buttons in CUT mode:
F1 – ON Switches the CUT module on or off.
F2 – CH Toggles between CH1 and CH2 setup (only active if CH LINK is off).
F3 – FLAT Sets all filters to flat and changes to UNDO unless a parameter is changed
(useful for comparing filtered and flat responses).
F4 – FINE Selects adjustment steps to coarse or fine.
F5 – MODE Switches to MODE menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The Parameter Window displays the setup for the selected filter. The
be used to highlight the selected parameter, and the parameter wheel can be used to
change its value. The
indicated by a flashing arrow over the filter characteristic.
The following parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted:
FILT selects the active filter: Low-Cut (LC), Notch (N1-N6), High-Cut (HC).
FREQ selects the center frequency (NOTCH) or the corner frequency (LC, HC), in
1/12 octave steps or 1Hz resolution in FINE mode. Ranges are:
cursor keys allow for quick filter band selection, which is
LC: 3Hz to 3kHz
HC: 20Hz to 20kHz
NOTCH: 300Hz to 30kHz
cursor keys can
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GAINselects boost or cut value (Notch filter only) over a range of 0 to –24dB in
1dB increments. For manual feedback search, notch filters can also be
adjusted to a positive gain of up to +8dB.
BW or Qselects the filter bandwidth of the active Notch filter. Options are: Octave: 1/48; 1/24 ; 1/12 ; 1/6 or
Q: 69.3; 34.6; 17.3; 8.65
SLPappears instead of BW or Q when LC or HC is selected in FILT menu. This
selects the shelving slope. Options are OFF, 6, 12, or 18db/octave.
CUT MODE Screen
Pressing the MODE key accesses the CUT MODE screen, which allows for global setups for
the CUT module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
with the parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must
be pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF)
key. Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the CUT screen.
Global parameters available in the CUT mode screen are:
CH LINK determines the channel coupling status:
OFF selects dual channel mode, with two independent channels.
CH1→2 couples the channels with CH1 slaved to CH2.
CH2→1 couples the channels with CH2 slaved to CH1.
BW UNIT selects the units for bandwidth – Octave or Q.
LC TYPE selects the low-cut filter characteristic: Butterworth or Bessel.
HC TYPE selects the high-cut filter characteristic: Butterworth or Bessel.
Default values are CH1→2, OCT, BUTTER, BUTTER.
and cursor keys and adjusted
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SETUP MENU – Delay
The DELAY module provides delays for different loudspeakers or microphone positions, for
use in large-scale sound reinforcement.
There are six active buttons in DELAY mode:
F1 – ON Switches the DELAY module on or off.
F2 – LINK Couples CH1 and CH2. INPUT 1+2 appears in the CH field.
F3 – RESET Sets the delay to 0 ms and changes to UNDO unless a parameter is
changed.
F4 – FINESelects adjustment steps to coarse or fine.
When LENGTH is highlighted, delay increment/decrement is in 1 ms steps
(COARSE) or 0.01 ms steps (FINE).
When DIST is highlighted, the distance increment is calculated to the
adjusted environment temperature in the TEMP field.
F5 – MODE Switches to MODE menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The
parameter wheel can be used to change its value. The
toggling between channels (only if LINK is active).
The following parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted:
CHselects active channel (if LINK is off). Can also be selected with the
cursor keys can be used to highlight the selected parameter, and the
cursor keys allow for quick
cursor keys.
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LEN sets the DELAY length over a range of 0 – 1240 ms, in 1 ms (Coarse) or 0.01
ms (Fine) steps.
DIST sets the distance in meters over a range of 0 to 430 meters. Delay time in
LEN is computed using DIST and TEMP settings.
TEMP selects the environment temperature over a range of 0 to 50 degrees
Celsius, in 0.5 degree increments, or from 32 to 121 degrees Fahrenheit, in
1 degree increments. The temperature unit of Celsius or Fahrenheit can be
selected in the MODE menu (F5).
DELAY MODE Screen
Pressing the MODE key accesses the DELAY MODE screen, which allows for global setups
for the DELAY module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
cursor keys and adjusted with the
parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must be
pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF) key.
Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the DELAY screen.
Global parameters available in the DELAY mode screen are:
DIST UNIT selects the unit for distance measurement: METER or FOOT
TEMP UNIT select the unit for environment temperature: CELSIUS or FAHRENHEIT.
The default values are: METER, CELSIUS.
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SETUP MENU – Compressor/Limiter (COM/LIM)
The COM/LIM module is a combination of compressor and limiter algorithms, designed
primarily for mastering type compression. It provides a useful mix of compression and
limiting functions, depending on the task you need to address. For example, it can
provide a smoother compression ratio for a vocal or instrumental track, or a hard limiter
for avoiding peaks in a mixdown.
There are five active buttons in COM/LIM mode:
F1 – ON Switches the COM/LIM module on or off.
F2 - CH Toggles between CH1 and CH2 setup. Only functions if CH LINK in MODE
menu is off.
F3 – PAGE Switches between two different parameter sets in the parameter window.
F5 – MODE Switches to MODE menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The
parameter wheel can be used to change its value.
The following parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted:
THRE sets up the threshold of the compressor/limiter over a range of 0 to
RATIO adjusts the degree of compression/limiting over a range of 1:1 (no
CO/LI blends between compressor and limiter dynamic operation, over a range
GAIN adjusts the output gain over a range of 0 to –THR dB in 0.1 dB increments.
cursor keys can be used to highlight the selected parameter, and the
–60dBFs, in 0.1dB increments.
compression) to 1:99 in 0.1 increments.
of 1:99 to 99:1. At the 1:99 setting, the COM/LIM module is controlled by
signal loudness (true compressor); at the 99:1 setting the module is
controlled by signal peaks (true limiter).
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The screen below displays the second set of parameters available:
ATTadjusts the attack time over a range of 0.1 ms to 20 ms in 0.1 ms
increments.
RELadjusts the release time over a range of 10ms to 5000 ms in 10 ms
increments.
HOLDadjusts the hold threshold below THR, over a range of 0 to 3dB in 0.1 dB
increments.
ARTselects the mode of the Automatic Release Time algorithm. Available
options are: OFF, LAZY, NORM, and QUICK. Use QUICK for program
material high in dynamics; use LAZY for slow instrumental and symphonic
music.
The COM/LIM module utilizes a “look-ahead” algorithm that allows a highly reliable
limiting function. To help configure the compressor/limiter for optimal performance, the
COM/LIM screen provides input and output level meters, a limiter characteristic display,
and a gain reduction meter. For best performance and minimal distortion, the gain
reduction meter should normally not exceed –12dB. If the output gain is at maximum and
the OVF flag is flashing, decrease the gain slightly to avoid clipping. You can also
activate the SOFT CLIP function in the LEVELS module (MODE menu).
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COM/LIM MODE Screen
Pressing the MODE key accesses the COM/LIM MODE screen, which allows for global
setups for the COM/LIM module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
with the parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must
be pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF)
key. Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the COM/LIM screen.
Global parameters available in the COM/LIM MODE screen are:
CH LINK determines the channel coupling status:
OFF selects dual channel mode, with two independent channels.
CH1→2 couples the channels with CH1 slaved to CH2.
CH2→1 couples the channels with CH2 slaved to CH1.
ST COUPL couples the limiter in both channels to avoid stereo image jumping.
CEILING links the threshold (THR) and output gain (GAIN) parameters so that the
COM/LIM output remains at the same level independent of the THR value.
Useful for finding the maximum degree of compression at a given output
level.
LA DELAYselects a look-ahead delay time, over a range of 0.2 to 100 ms. Longer
delay times are recommended in most circumstances for cleaner results
when applying heavy compression to low-frequency signals. Use shorter
delay times only if the additional delay caused by the COM/LIM module
becomes a timing issue.
ATT COMPAttack Time Compensation makes certain the compressor/limiter’s attack
phase occurs within the selected look-ahead window. This is useful for a
reliable limiting function. Note that this function limits the upper range of
the attack time parameter (ATT) to the value selected in the LA DELAY
menu.
The default values are: CH1→2, OFF, OFF, 50ms, OFF.
and cursor keys and adjusted
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SETUP MENU – Limiter
The LIMITER module is a true peak limiter, typically used as a final stage in sound
reinforcement. It is useful for achieving maximum gain without overloading.
There are four active buttons in LIMITER mode:
F1 – ON Switches the LIMITER module on or off.
F2 Toggles between CH1 and CH2 setup. Only functions if CH LINK in MODE
menu is off.
F5 – MODE Switches to MODE menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The
parameter wheel can be used to change its value.
The following parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted:
THRE sets up the threshold of the limiter over a range of 0 to –48dBFs, in 0.1dB
HOLD selects the hold time over a range of 0 to 200 ms in 1 ms increments.
REL selects the release time over a range of 20 ms to 5000 ms in 10 ms
GAIN adjusts the output gain over a range of 0 to –THR dB in 0.1 dB increments.
The attack time of the limiter is calculated automatically for optimal look-ahead limiting
reliability. To aid in setup, the LIMITER screen shows input and output meters, a limiter
characteristic display, and a gain reduction meter. For best performance and minimal
distortion, the gain reduction meter should normally not exceed –12dB. If the output gain
is at maximum and the OVF flag is flashing, decrease the gain slightly to avoid clipping.
You can also activate the SOFT CLIP function in the LEVELS module (MODE menu).
cursor keys can be used to highlight the selected parameter, and the
increments.
increments.
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LIMITER MODE Screen
Pressing the MODE key accesses the LIMITER MODE screen, which allows for global setups
for the LIMITER module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
with the parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must
be pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF)
key. Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the LIMITER screen.
Global parameters available in the COM/LIM MODE screen are:
CH LINK determines the channel coupling status:
OFF selects dual channel mode, with two independent channels.
CH1→2 couples the channels with CH1 slaved to CH2.
CH2→1 couples the channels with CH2 slaved to CH1.
ST COUPL couples the limiter in both channels to avoid stereo image jumping.
CEILING links the threshold (THR) and output gain (GAIN) parameters so that the
LIMITER output remains at the same level independent of the THR value.
Useful for finding the maximum degree of compression at a given output
level.
LA DELAYselects a look-ahead delay time. Available delay times are: 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1,
2, 3, 5 or 10 ms. Longer delay times are recommended in most
circumstances for cleaner results when applying heavy compression to
low-frequency signals.
Default values are CH1→2, OFF, OFF, 2 ms.
and cursor keys and adjusted
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SETUP MENU – Real Time Analyzer (RTA)
The Real Time Analyzer (RTA) displays the spectral content of an input or output signal. It
is based on a 31-band filter, utilizing 1.3-octave ISO specification over a spectrum of 20Hz
to 20kHz. An RTA-Hold function is provided to sample the analyzed signal; this envelope
can be used as a weighting reference for the GEQ module.
There are five active buttons in RTA mode:
F1 – ON Switches the RTA module on or off. Pressing off freezes the last display
screen.
F2 - CH Toggles between CH1 and CH2 spectrum
F3 – RESET resets the spectral display.
F5 – MODE Switches to MODE menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The
parameter wheel can be used to change its value. The flashing arrow points to the
currently-selected 1/3 octave filter band.
The following parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted:
FREQ shows the frequency band monitored in the PEAK field. Can also be
PEAK displays the peak value of the currently selected frequency band.
OFFSET sets the upper range of the display over a range of 0 to 144 dBFs, in 1dB
RANGE scales the range of the display selected in OFFSET between 6 and 144
cursor keys can be used to highlight the selected parameter, and the
selected with the
increments.
dBFs, in 1dB increments.
cursor keys.
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RTA MODE Screen
Pressing the MODE key accesses the RTA MODE screen, which allows for global setups for
the RTA module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
with the parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must
be pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF)
key. Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the RTA screen.
If the MEQ-2000 is in measurement mode (ME-1 or ME-2), GREF (GEQ Reference) appears
over the F3 soft key. Pressing this key stores the current spectral envelope as a weighting
reference for the GEQ module in RE-1, RE-2, MA-1 and MA-2 modes.
Global parameters available in the RTA MODE screen are:
BEAMSswitches the spectral display beams ON or OFF. OFF displays only the
spectral envelope.
DECAYadjusts the fall-back time for the beams display, over a range of 500 to
5000ms, in 10 ms steps.
RMS-ITselects the integration time for RMS level measurement, over a range of
10ms to 20min in 16 increments. Typical RTA function utilizes a 50ms
integration time; use very long integration times for room characteristic
measurements.
SOURCEselects the spectrum analyzer’s source, between the input or output
stages. It allows for a comparison of the signal spectrum before and after
processing.
In measurement modes (ME-x), the spectrum analyzer input is
permanently connected to the input (ME-1) or the output (ME-2),
therefore a dashed line - - - appears in this field.
PEAKHOLD activates the peak hold function.
P-HOLD adjusts the hold time, over a range of 50 to 5000ms in 10ms steps. An
INFINITY setting, which holds peaks indefinitely, is also available.
P-DECAY adjusts the decay time, over a range of 50 to 5000ms in 10ms steps.
Default values are ON, 1s, 50ms, INPUT ( - - - ), ON, 2000ms, 2000ms.
and cursor keys and adjusted
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SETUP MENU – Level Adjustment (LEVELS)
The LEVELS module provides adjustment of the digital gains of the input and output paths
of the system.
There are five active buttons in LEVELS mode:
F1 – ON Switches the LEVELS on or off. In the On position the system gains are
optimally adjusted to unity gain.
F2 - CH Toggles between CH1 and CH2 setup (if CH LINK in MODE menu is Off).
F4 changes the GAIN resolution between 1dB (COARSE) and 0.1dB (FINE).
F5 – MODE Switches to MODE menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The
parameter wheel can be used to change its value. The
quick selection of the path.
The following parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted:
PATH displays the active signal path: analog in (ANA IN), analog out (ANA OUT),
GAIN adjusts the gain in the currently selected path over a range of –36dBFs to
PHASE changes the signal’s phase between NORMAL and INVERS.
SWAP exchanges the position of the output channels. It is inactive for input
cursor keys can be used to highlight the selected parameter, and the
cursor keys provide for
digital in (DIG IN) and digital out (DIG OUT).
+12dBFs, in increments dependent on the resolution selected with the F4
key: 1dB (COARSE) and 0.1dB (FINE).
channels.
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LEVELS MODE Screen
Pressing the MODE key accesses the LEVELS MODE screen, which allows for global setups
for the LEVELS module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
cursor keys and adjusted with the
parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must be
pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF) key.
Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the LEVELS screen.
Global parameters available in the LEVELS MODE screen are:
CH LINK determines the channel coupling status:
OFF selects dual channel mode, with two independent channels.
CH1→2 couples the channels with CH1 slaved to CH2.
CH2→1 couples the channels with CH2 slaved to CH1.
CLIP selects the clipping behavior at the outputs: HARD – hard clipping at 0dBFs
SOFT 1 – soft clipping at 1dB below 0dBFs
SOFT 2 – soft clipping at 3dB below 0dBFs
The default values are: CH1→2, SOFT 1.
There are two additional help buttons, HLP1 and HLP2, provided to explain proper use of
the LEVELS function:
HLP1“To prevent analog unity gain, adjust output levels according to the input
level potentiometers:
INPUT POTENTIOMETER: +12dB 0dB -12dB
ANALOG CLIPPING LEVEL: 24 dBu +12dBu 0dBu
ANALOG OUTPUT LEVEL: 0dBFs -12dBFs -24dBFs”
HLP2“Do not exceed 0dBFs without actual reason. It can cause annoying
digital distortion.”
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SETUP MENU – Reference Generator (GEN)
The Reference Generator (GEN) is a precision tool providing high-quality audio test
signals. The THD+N of the generated sine wave is better than –144dB. For acoustical
measurements, uncorrelated white and pink noise generators are available. The signal
frequency’s range extends to subsonic and ultrasonic ranges, from 10Hz to 43.5kHz. For
hardware and digital signal path testing, special features include digital constant
(CONST) and up/down counting function (TRIAN). Use caution with these functions, as
they can damage your loudspeakers if used incorrectly.
There are five active buttons in GEN mode:
F1 – ON Switches the GEN on or off.
F2 Toggles between CH1 and CH2 setup (if CH LINK in MODE menu is Off).
F4 increases the adjustment resolution from 1/12 octave (COARSE) to 1Hz
(FINE).
F5 – MODE Switches to MODE menu for advanced options.
F6 – EXIT Switches to main SETUP menu.
Parameter Window
The
parameter wheel can be used to change its value. The
frequency adjustment in 1/12 octave increments.
For the signals CONST and TRIAN the enlarged symbols appear in the middle of the
display to warn against these non-audio signals.
The following parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted:
TYPEselects the type of generated test signal: SIN (sine wave), FREQ SW (sine
cursor keys can be used to highlight the selected parameter, and the
cursor keys provide for fast
wave with frequency sweep), PINK (pink noise), WHITE (white noise),
CONST (digital constant) or TRIAN (digital up/down counter).
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AMPLadjusts the signal amplitude over a range of –144 to 0dBFs, in increments
of 0.1dB for 24-bit output; -120dBFs for 20-bit output; and –96dBFs for 16-bit
output.
FREQadjusts the sine wave frequency over a range of 10Hz to 43.5kHz in 1/12
octave (COARSE) or 1Hz (FINE) increments.
PHASEadjusts the relative phase of the CH2 sine wave in relation to CH1, over a
range of 0 to 360 degrees in 1 degree increments.
For signal type FREQ SW, the parameter window displays AMPL, F RAN and STEP. F RAN
(frequency range) switches between STAND (standard = 20Hz to 20kHz) and EXTEN
(extended = 10Hz to 43.5kHz). STEP selects the sweep frequency interval: 1/3, 1/6 or 1/12
octave.
For PINK and WHITE noise generators, only the AMPL parameter is active.
For CONST signal type, the AMPL parameter changes to VALUE, which offers a range of
ten hexadecimal constants: 000000, FFFFFF, 555555, AAAAAA, 7FFFFF, 800000, F0F0F0,
0F0F0F, CCCCCC and 333333. FREQ and PHASE are inactive.
For TRIAN signal type, the parameter window displays RANGE, LEN and STEP. RANGE
selects between 16, 20 and 24 bit word lengths. LEN determines the number of samples
of the same value should be repeated (1 – 32). STEP sets the digital increment (1 to 16
samples).
LEVELS MODE Screen
Pressing the MODE key accesses the GEN MODE screen, which allows for global setups for
the GEN module.
In this screen, parameters are selected with the
parameter wheel. After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must be
pressed to confirm the change. Default settings can be selected with the F1 (DEF) key.
Pressing the F6 (EXIT) key returns to the GEN screen.
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cursor keys and adjusted with the
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
Global parameters available in the GEN MODE screen are primarily related to the sweep
function:
CH LINK determines the channel coupling status:
OFF selects dual channel mode, with two independent channels.
CH1→2 couples the channels with CH1 slaved to CH2.
CH2→1 couples the channels with CH2 slaved to CH1.
SWEEP TYPEselects the type of sweep: ONE-TIME switches the generator off after a
single pass; CONT provides continuous sweeping as long as the generator
is on.
SWEEP DIRselects from an upward sweep, downward sweep, or alternating up-down
sweep.
INTERVAL sets the duration of a single sweep step: 100ms, 300ms, 500ms, 1s, 3s, 5s,
10s, 30s, INF. In the INF mode, pressing the ON button twice moves to the
next step.
Default values are CH1→2, CONT, UP, 1s.
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UTILITY MENU – Device Status
Press the UTIL button to the right of the LCD display to open the Utility menu. The screen
shows DEVICE STATUS and the soft keys offer the status mode’s options. Additional options
can be accessed via the MORE key (included in the Appendix, beginning on page 56).
There are six active buttons in UTIL mode:
F1 – CONFIG opens the DEVICE CONFIGURATION menu, where you will find access to
processing module configuration and input/output selection.
F2 – REMO opens the REMOTE CONTROL menu.
F3 – ADCAL opens the ADC calibration menu.
F4 – LOCK accesses the DEVICE LOCK menu, where you can lock out any
unintended or unauthorized parameter changes.
F5 – ID displays the DEVICE ID NUMBERS, necessary for software updates and
servicing.
F6 – MORE accesses a second page of additional menu selections. Pressing the
MORE key again returns to the first page; after 10 seconds of inactivity the
display also automatically returns to the first page.
The second page offers the following functions:
F1 – AUX opens the AUXILLIARY FUNCTIONS menu.
F5 – UPDT accesses the SOFTWARE UPDATE function.
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UTILITY MENU – System Configuration (CONFIG)
The configuration status of the MEQ-2000 processing modules may be optimized for
various applications.
Three main setup modes are provided:
Mastering/Recording – with a mastering compressor/limiter used pre or post PEQ.
Sound Reinforcement – with a peak limiter implemented at the end of the signal chain.
Acoustical Measurement – with a reference signal generator and real time spectral
analyzer.
The six detailed module configurations available in the CONFIG window are:
Mastering/Recording
MA1: INP → DEL → CUT → COM → PEQ → GEQ → OUT
MA-2: INP → DEL → CUT → PEQ → COM → GEQ → OUT
Sound Reinforcement
RE-1: INP → DEL → CUT → GEQ → PEQ → LIM → OUT
RE-2: INP → DEL → CUT → PEQ → GEQ → LIM → OUT
Acoustical Measurement
ME-1: INP → CUT → PEQ → GEQ → RTA → GEN → OUT
ME-2: INP → RTA → GEN → CUT → PEQ → GEQ → OUT
:
:
:
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
There are four active buttons in CONFIG mode:
F1 – DEF changes settings to factory default.
F4 – DIO opens a submenu for setup of the digital output.
F5 – ENTER confirms the most recently entered changes.
F6 – EXIT returns to the UTILITY menu.
Parameter Window
The CONFIG parameters can be selected using the
the parameter wheel. The
cursor keys have no function in this mode.
After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must be pressed to confirm the
change.
Note that any configuration change causes the MEQ-2000 to reconfigure the module
chain. Therefore after pressing ENTER to confirm a change, the system will mute all
outputs for a few seconds while reconfiguring.
The available parameters are:
CONFIG provides for selection of module configuration: MA-1, MA-2, RE-1, RE-2,
ME-1, ME-2.
INPUT selects the signal source: ANALOG, DIG XLR, DIG COAX, DIG OPTO. If you
have selected a digital input and a valid digital source is not detected, a
blinking UNLOCKED message will appear in the upper status line and the
input will be muted.
IN MODE defines the input configuration: DUAL CH, MONO CH1, MONO CH2, MONO
CH 1+2.
OUTPUT selects the output mode: ANALOG, DIGITAL, ANA + DIG.
INSERT provides for input of an external processing device to the unused
input/output pair. The INSERT parameter indicates the point in the
configuration where the external processor is inserted.
Default values are: RE-1, ANA, D-CH, ANA + DIG, OFF.
cursor keys, and changed with
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
The DIO submenu provides for detailed setup of the digital output, and the digital input
synchronization, whether they are active or not.
Five parameters may be selected for digital output:
DO MODEselects digital output format: professional (AES/EBU or AES-3) or consumer
(S/PDIF).
DO FS selects the output sampling frequency. Available frequencies are 32, 64,
88.1 and 96 kHz, as well as FSIN1 and FSIN2.
The FSIN modes pass the sampling frequency of the digital input to the
digital output. In the FSIN1 mode (THRU), the system checks the input
sampling rate to see if it is close to 96kHz; if so, the internal sample rate
converters are switched off to allow for the highest possible processing
quality. The FSIN2 mode (SYNC) is recommended for synchronizing the
MEQ-2000 to a studio master clock or digital mixing console.
DO WLselects from word lengths of 24, 20 and 16 bit. Normally it is recommended
that you leave this at 24-bit, unless you need to output to a specific source
such as 16-bit CD; in this case dithering can be enabled in the DITHER
field.
DITHERswitches the dithering function on or off at the output sampling rate
converter.
DI SELECTselects dithering word lengths of 24, 20 or 16 bits.
After every change, ENTER appears at the F5 key, and must be pressed to confirm the
change.
Note that any configuration change causes the MEQ-2000 to reconfigure the module
chain. Therefore after pressing ENTER to confirm a change, the system will mute all
outputs for a few seconds while reconfiguring.
Default values are: PROF (AES-3), 48kHz, 24-bit, ON, D-XLR.
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Typical Digital Interconnections
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UTILITY MENU – Remote Control
The MEQ-2000 can be remotely controlled by RS-232 or MIDI. Any programmable
hardware of software MIDI controller may be used. A list of available commands is
included in Appendix I.
The Inter-M/Algorithmix proprietary remote software (DSP-2000R) provides excellent
visual control of the MEQ-2000’s processing features, with fully bi-directional
communication, allowing you to access the MEQ-2000’s parameters via a standard PC.
There are three active buttons in the REMOTE mode:
F1 – DEF recalls a default setup
F5 – ENTER confirms the most recently entered changes.
F6 – EXIT returns to the UTILITY menu.
The available parameters in the REMOTE screen are:
REMOTE selects RS-232 or MIDI control
BAUD RATE selects the transmission rate for communication with the PC (RS-232 mode
only). It is important to select the same baud rate here as on your host
computer.
SOFFTHRU directs the remote control data to the RS-232 THRU connector or to the
MIDI OUTPUT connector.
MIDI CH selects the MIDI channel when MIDI control is in use.
For critical applications, it is sometimes desirable to calibrate the analog-to-digital
converters some 30 minutes after switching the unit on. While the ADC is calibrated
automatically when the unit is switched on, minor drifts may occur in the input signal
during warm-up. To compensate for these variations, a recalibration is recommended,
especially if your source has a wide dynamic range.
Pressing the ADCAL key in the UTILITY menu will bring up the screen above. Press CAL to
begin the ADC calibration process. The calibration process normally takes no longer than
one second, after which the message ADC CALIBRATED appears in the display. Press the
EXIT key to return to the UTILITY menu; if no key is pressed the display will return to the
UTILITY menu on its own in 10 seconds. Note that the system will mute during calibration
process.
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UTILITY MENU – Device Security Lock
To protect the MEQ-2000 from accidental or unauthorized changes, the device security
lockout function is provided. There are two levels of security lock: a simple lock/unlock
function, and a password protected lock/unlock function.
Access the Security Lock menu page by pushing the LOCK button in the UTILITY menu.
Three available options may be selected with the parameter wheel: EASY LOCK, PWD LOCK and UNLOCK.
Choosing DEVICE: EASY LOCK and confirming the selection with the F5 (ENTER) key will
prevent changes to any of the unit’s parameters. Menus may still be viewed, but any
attempts to adjust system parameters will bring up a DEVICE LOCKED message over the
actual menu screen. To unlock the device, enter the SECURITY LOCK menu, select
DEVICE: UNLOCK with the parameter wheel, and confirm with the F5 (ENTER) key.
Choosing DEVICE: PWD LOCK and confirming the selection with the F5 (ENTER) key will
password-protect the unit from changes. The display will highlight the first character of
the password, as shown in the above illustration. Using the parameter wheel, select the
first character and press the
F5 (ENTER) key to lock the unit. To unlock, press the LOCK button in the UTILITY menu. The
first character in the password will be highlighted. Enter the password as described
above to unlock.
TIP: If you have forgotten your password, you may bypass the password protection by
holding the F1 key for two full minutes.
cursor key. Repeat this for all five characters and press the
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UTILITY MENU – Device ID Numbers
Pressing the ID key in the UTILITY menu accesses the Device ID screen, which displays
unique identifying information for your MEQ-2000. You will need these numbers before
contacting technical support, or to download software updates or special software plugins.
Pressing the F6 key will return to the UTILITY menu.
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UTILITY MENU – Auxiliary Functions
Pressing the AUX key in the UTILITY menu provides access to some global settings.
Two parameters are available, and can be accessed with the
BACKLIGHTprovides for automatic shut-off of the LCD backlight after 1, 3 or 5 minutes.
The backlight can be set to an always-on state as well (select ON),
however selecting an auto-off setting will increase the life-span of the
backlight.
RELAYSselects the device switch-on and switch-off sequence, depending on the
mode selected for the relays at the analog outputs. They can be
configured as HARD BYPASS (default), recommended for sound
reinforcement, or as HARD MUTE, preferred by mastering studios.
IMPORTANT: This parameter may be changed ONLY after the hardware
jumpers described in Appendix II have been properly set. It is therefore
recommended that this modification be referred to qualified service
personnel.
As with all parameter changes, press the F5 (ENTER) key to confirm.
Pressing the F6 key will return to the UTILITY menu.
cursor keys:
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UTILITY MENU – Software Update
The MEQ-2000’s architecture is designed to provide for software updates via the RS-232
interface.
To perform an update, it is necessary to download the MEQ-2000 interface software for
your PC. This software is available on the Inter-M website (www.inter-m.com or www.interm.net) or on the Algorithmix website (www.algorithmix.com).
You may also download the current software updates at these sites. Compare the
current software version installed in your MEQ-2000 with the version available on the
Internet. The currently installed version may be viewed in the opening screen upon
switching the unit on, or by accessing the Device ID screen (see page 45).
To perform an update, connect the MEQ-2000’s RS-232 interface to a serial port on your
computer. The MEQ-2000 should be placed in UPDATE mode before beginning the
software download. Follow the steps as detailed in the download procedure.
To avoid any damage or loss of data, it is advisable to contact your dealer for detailed
information on performing an update.
The INIT key begins the initialization of preset memory and deletes all user presets. Use
this feature only if you wish to reset the unit to factory defaults.
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UTILITY MENU STRUCTURE
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MEMORY MENU
Any selected parameters included in the SETUP menu may be stored as a user preset for
later recall. In general, there are two types of presets: temporary and permanent.
Temporary presets are accessed via the PR1 and PR2 keys, and are useful for quick
comparisons of up to three setups (current, PR1 and PR2). Permanent presets are
recommended for storing settings for future recall.
The MEMORY menu may be easily recalled from any processing function by pressing the
MEMORY key to the right of the display.
The screen below shows the display after the MEMORY key has been pressed while the
GEQ is active. The screen opens the memory window, with the most recently used preset
highlighted.
There are five active keys in MEMORY mode:
F1 – FACT/USER toggles between FACTORY (Fxx) and USER (Uxx) preset banks.
F2 – RECALL loads the highlighted preset, overwriting the current parameters.
To keep the current parameters, use the PR1 or PR2 temporary
preset banks before pressing RECALL.
F4 – DELETE removes the highlighted preset from the USER bank.
F5 – STORE enters the STORE menu. Appears only if USER bank is selected.
F6 – CANCEL switches back to the current settings without storing or recalling a
preset.
The F4 (DELETE) and F5 (STORE) keys are only active when the USER bank has been
selected.
For each processing module (PEQ, GEQ, CUT, DELAY, LIMITER, COM/LIM), eight factory
presets (FACT) are provided. These cannot be deleted or overwritten, but you may store
up to 32 presets per processing module in the USER bank. The first two positions in the
USER bank are dedicated for temporary presets, stored by using the quick preset keys
PR1 and PR2.
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After loading a factory or user preset, its number appears in the upper right of the display
(e.g., F04 or U23). If any changes are made to the preset’s parameters, a
sign will
appear in front of the preset number, to indicate that the preset has been modified.
Using the
cursor keys or the parameter wheel, you can select any memory position
in the USER or FACT banks. Selecting a FACT bank will allow only the recall of presets (F4
and F5 keys are not active). Selecting a USER bank will allow you to recall a preset, store
a new preset, or delete a preset.
In the above illustration, the last recalled preset was F01: FLAT (INIT). Using the F1 key, the
USER bank has been accessed, and the empty U04 preset has been selected. To store
the current GEQ setup in the U04 preset, press the STORE key; a window will open to allow
entry of a new preset name.
The soft keys are now labeled as follows:
F1 – NEW deletes the current name and brings the cursor to the first position
F2 – INSERT inserts a letter between existing text (use the
the desired position).
F3 – BS backspace.
F4 – DEL deletes current position.
F5 – STORE confirms the present name and returns to the current function screen.
F6 – CANCEL returns to the current function screen without saving.
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Using the function keys and parameter wheel to select from the available alphanumeric
characters, you can easily enter new names or alter existing ones. Preset names can
consist of up to 16 characters. The
positions in a preset name and enter, delete or change a character. The
cursor keys allow you to navigate to adjacent
cursor keys
speed scrolling through the available characters.
When overwriting an existing user preset, you will be asked to confirm the operation by
pressing the YES key. Factory presets can not be overwritten.
Presets can be copied by recalling them and storing them in another location.
Presets can be deleted by pressing the F4 DEL key in the MEMORY menu.
In the UTILITY menu, you can create presets for the MEQ-2000’s configuration and
general setup. In the CONFIG menu, you can recall up to eight typical module and
in/out configurations stored in the FACTORY bank, and store up to eight of your own USER
settings.
The MEQ-2000 also provides a number of Global Presets which include complete setup of
the entire unit. They can be recalled by pressing the UTILITY and MEMORY keys. The unit
ships with two factory presets installed: GENERAL DEFAULT and MEASUREMENT1. (The
MEASUREMENT1 preset is recommended for use prior to performing any audio
performance measurements.) The USER bank provides four positions for storing Global
Presets.
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
Technical Specifications
Signal Processing Functions (per channel)
P
ARAMETRIC EQUALIZER
Digital Filters Low Shelving, 6 x Constant-Q Bell, High Shelving
Shelving Slope 3, 6 or 9 dB/octave
Extended Frequency Range 20 Hz to 40 kHz
Bandwidth 1/12 to 2 Octaves
Boost/Cut Range ± 16dB or ± 8dB
RAPHIC EQUALIZER
G
Filters 31 Constant-Q, 1/3-Octave center frequencies
Bandwidth 1/3, 2/3, or 1/6 octave
Boost/Cut Range ± 16dB or ± 8dB
Filter Bank Type Parallel, Interpolating
UT FILTER BLOCK
C
Low-Cut Frequency Range 2 Hz to 2 kHz (suitable for DC-removal and de-
High-Cut Frequency Range 200 Hz to 25 kHz
Slope 6, 12, 18 dB/octave
Characteristics Bessel, Butterworth
Notch Filters Six High-Precision Digital Filters
Frequency Range 20 Hz to 20 kHz
Frequency Resolution 1 Hz
Q (Bandwidth) 15, 30, 45, 60
Range +8 to -24dB
IMITER/COMPRESSOR
L
Adaptive Knee Function
Threshold 0 to - 60 dBFs
Ratio 1:1 to inf:1
Attack Time 0.1 to 200 ms
Hold Hysteresis 0 to 3 dB
Release Time 20 to 5000 ms
Look-Ahead Delay 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 ms
EAK LIMITER
P
Brick-Wall Function Auto-Attack for Reliable Peak-Stop Function
Threshold 0 to -48 dBFs
Hold Time 0 to 200 ms
Release Time 20 to 2000 ms
rumble)
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
M
ASTER DELAY
Length 2 x 1240 ms
Resolution 0.01 millisecond
Programmable in milliseconds, meters or feet
(the actual environment temperature can be
considered)
31-Band conform to GEQ
Peak-Hold Function with Reset
Adjustable Averaging and Decay Time
Adjustable Display Range: Maximal Level and Zoom
Inverse Spectral Function as a reference for GEQ
EFERENCE SIGNAL GENERATOR
R
Waveforms Sine, Sine Sweep
Noise White, Pink
Manual Feedback Detection and Suppression
Room Measurement and Correction
Analog Inputs XLR (pin 2 hot) electronic balanced, RF suppressed
Impedance > 10 kΩ (balanced)
Maximum Signal Level +24 dBu (Input Gain @ +12 dB)
Input Gain Range -12 dB to +12 dB
Digital Inputs XLR: AES-3 or AES/EBU (up to 24 bits) transformer
balanced
Coaxial and Optical S/PDIF (up to 20 bits), IEC 958, EIAJ CP-340 coax with
transformer
Sample Rate 20 to 100 kHz (any)
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
Analog Outputs XLR (pin 2 hot) electronic balanced, RF suppressed
Impedance 100Ω
Maximum Signal Level +24 dBu @ 600Ω
Output Level Gain 0 to -24 dBFs (digitally adjusted)
Digital Outputs XLR: AES-3 or AES/EBU (up to 24 bits) transformer
balanced
Coaxial and Optical S/PDIF (up to 20 bits), IEC 958, EIAJ CP-340 coax with
11 tt Type 0=Butter, 1=Bessel (for Filter 1 and 2)
CUT ON/OFF
Byte Data Description
0 02h ID CUT ON/OFF
1 oo 0=off, 1=on
CUT Channel Link
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID CUT Channel Link
1 oo 0=off, 1=on
CUT Load Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Ch ID CUT Load Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp, 2=Factory
CUT Save Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Dh ID CUT Save Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
CUT Delete Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Eh ID CUT Delete Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp
CUT Preset Name
Byte Data Description
0 0Fh ID Preset Name for CUT
1 cc Character 1
.. …
16 cc Character 16
CUT Dirty (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 10h ID PEQ Dirty
1 fi Function Group ID 0x02
2 mi Menu ID
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for COM/LIM (Compressor/Limiter)
COM/LIM Channel
Byte Data Description
0 01h ID COM/LIM Channel
1 cc Channel 0=Ch1, 1=Ch2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
tt
tt
rr MSB
rr LSB
rr MSB
rr LSB
gg MSB
gg LSB
Threshold 0dB to –60dB in 0.01dB steps
(0 = 0x2000)
Ratio 1.0:1 to 99.9:1, INF=0x7F in 0.1 steps
Co/Li 1:99 to 99:1 in 1: steps
Gain 0dB to +48dB, in ±0.01 dB steps (0 = 0x0000)
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
aa MSB
aa LSB
rr MSB
rr
rr LSB
hh MSB
hh LSB
Attack 0.1ms to 100ms in 0.01ms steps
(10ms=0x000A)
Release 10ms to 5000ms in 0.01ms steps
(10ms=0x0003E8)
Hold 0dB to 3dB, in 0.01 dB steps (0 = 0x0000)
17 aa ART 0 – OFF, 1 = lazy, 2 = norm, 3 = quick
COM/LIM Look-Ahead Delay
Byte Data Description
0 02h ID COM/LIM Look-Ahead Delay
1
2
3
dd MSB
dd
dd LSB
LA Delay Time 0.2ms to 100ms in 0.01 steps (0.2ms = 0x000014)
If MSB = 0x7F then time in LSB 0=0.2ms, 1=0.3ms, 2=0.5ms, 3=1ms, 4=2ms,
5=3ms, 6=5ms, 7=10ms, 8=20ms, 9=30ms, 10=50ms, 11=100ms
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
COM/LIM On/Off
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID COM/LIM On/Off
1 oo 0=off, 1=on
COM/LIM Channel Link
Byte Data Description
0 04h ID COM/LIM Channel Link
1 ll 0=off, 1=on
COM/LIM Stereo Coupling
Byte Data Description
0 05h ID COM/LIM Stereo Coupling
1 cc 0=off, 1=on
COM/LIM Attack Time Compensation
Byte Data Description
0 06h ID COM/LIM Attack Time Compensation
1 aa 0=off, 1=on
COM/LIM Ceiling
Byte Data Description
0 07h ID COM/LIM Ceiling
1 ce 0=off, 1=on
COM/LIM Load Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Ch ID COM/LIM Load Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp, 2=Factory
COM/LIM Save Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Dh ID COM/LIM Save Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp
COM/LIM Delete Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Eh ID COM/LIM Delete Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
COM/LIM Preset Name
Byte Data Description
0 0Fh ID Preset Name for COM/LIM
1 cc Character 1
.. …
16 cc Character 16
COM/LIM Dirty (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 10h ID COM/LIM Dirty
1 fi Function Group ID 0x03
2 mi Menu ID
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for DELAY
DELAY Length
Byte Data Description
0 01h ID DELAY Length
1 cc Channel 0=Ch1, 1=Ch2
2
3
4
ll MSB
ll
ll LSB
Delay Length 0 to 119040 Samples
(0 = 0x000000)
DELAY On/Off
Byte Data Description
0 02h ID DELAY On/Off
1 oo 0=off, 1=on
DELAY Channel Link
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID DELAY Channel Link
1 ll 0=off, 1=on
DELAY Temperature
Byte Data Description
0 04h ID DELAY Temperature
1 tt Temperature 0deg C to 50deg C in 1 deg steps (0=0x00)
DELAY Load Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Ch ID DELAY Load Preset
1
2
fi MSB
fi LSB
File ID
3 di Drive ID 0 = User, 1 = Temp, 2 = Factory
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
DELAY Save Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Dh ID DELAY Save Preset
1
2
fi MSB
fi LSB
File ID
3 di Drive ID 0 = User, 1 = Temp
DELAY Delete Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Ch ID DELAY Delete Preset
1
2
fi MSB
fi LSB
File ID
3 di Drive ID 0 = User, 1 = Temp,
DELAY Preset Name
Byte Data Description
0 0Fh ID Preset Name for DELAY
1 cc Character 1
.. …
16 cc Character 16
DELAY Dirty (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 10h ID DELAY Dirty
1 fi Function Group ID 0x04
2 mi Menu ID
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for RTA (Real Time Analyzer)
RTA Channel Select
Byte Data Description
0 01h ID RTA Channel
1 cc Channel 0=off, 1=Ch1, 2=Ch2, 3=Ch1+Ch2
RTA Range
Byte Data Description
0 02h ID RTA Range
1
2
rr MSB
rr LSB
Range 6dB to 144dB in 0.01dB steps (0=0x0000)
RTA Offset
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID RTA Offset
1
2
oo MSB
oo LSB
Offset 0.0dB to 144dB in 0.01dB steps (0=0x0000)
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
RTA Decay Time
Byte Data Description
0 04h ID RTA Decay Time
1
2
3
dd MSB
dd
dd LSB
Decay Time 500ms to 5000ms in 0.01ms steps
(500ms – 0x00C350)
0 01h ID LIMITER Channel
1 cc Channel 0=Ch1, 1=Ch2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
tt MSB
tt LSB
hh MSB
hh
hh LSB
rr MSB
rr
rr LSB
rr MSB
rr LSB
Threshold 0dB to –48dB in 0.01dB steps
(0 = 0x2000)
Hold 0ms to 200ms, in 0.01 ms steps (0 = 0x0000)
AUTO = 0x3FFF
Release 20ms to 5000ms in 0.01ms steps
(20ms=0x0007D0)
Gain 0dB to +48dB, in ±0.01 dB steps (0 = 0x0000)
LIMITER Look-Ahead Delay
Byte Data Description
0 02h ID LIMITER Look-Ahead Delay
1
2
3
dd MSB
dd
dd LSB
LA Delay Time 0.1ms to 100ms in 0.01 steps (0.1ms = 0x000001)
If MSB = 0x7F then time in LSB 0=0.2ms, 1=0.3ms, 2=0.5ms, 3=1ms, 4=2ms,
5=3ms, 6=5ms, 7=10ms
LIMITER On/Off
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID LIMITER On/Off
1 oo 0=off, 1=on
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
LIMITER Channel Link
Byte Data Description
0 04h ID LIMITER Channel Link
1 ll 0=off, 1=on
LIMITER Stereo Coupling
Byte Data Description
0 05h ID LIMITER Coupling
1 cc 0=off, 1=on
LIMITER Ceiling
Byte Data Description
0 06h ID LIMITER Ceiling
1 ce 0=off, 1=on
LIMITER Load Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Ch ID LIMITER Load Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp, 2=Factory
LIMITER Save Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Dh ID LIMITER Save Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp
LIMITER Delete Preset
Byte Data Description
0 0Eh ID LIMITER Delete Preset
1 fi MSB
File ID
fi LSB
2 di Drive ID 0=User, 1=Temp
LIMITER Preset Name
Byte Data Description
0 0Fh ID Preset Name for LIMITER
1 cc Character 1
.. …
16 cc Character 16
LIMITER Dirty (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 10h ID LIMITER Dirty
1 fi Function Group ID 0x07
2 mi Menu ID
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for LEVELS
LEVELS Channel
Byte Data Description
0 01h ID LEVELS Channel
1 cc Channel 0=Ch1, 1=Ch2
2 pp Path 0 = Analog In, 1 = Analog Out, 2 = Digital In, 3 = Digital Out
3 pp Phase 0 = Normal, 1 = Inverted
4 ss Channel Swap 0 = off, 1 = on
5
6
gg MSB
gg LSB
Gain -36dB to +12dB, in ±0.01 dB steps (0 = 0x2000)
LEVELS On/Off
Byte Data Description
0 02h ID LEVELS On/Off
1 oo 0=off, 1=on
LEVELS Channel Link
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID LEVELS Channel Link
1 ll 0=off, 1=on
LEVELS Clip
Byte Data Description
0 04h ID LEVELS Clip
1 cc 0=hard, 1=soft1, 2=soft2
LEVELS Dirty (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 10h ID LEVELS Dirty
1 fi Function Group ID 0x08
2 mi Menu ID
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for GEN (Generator)
GEN Channel Select
Byte Data Description
0 01h ID GEN Channel
1 cc Channel 0=Ch1, 1=Ch2
GEN On/Off
Byte Data Description
0 02h ID GEN On/Off
1 cc 0=Off, 1=On
GEN Channel Link
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID GEN Channel Link
1 cc 0=Off, 1=On
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
GEN Type
Byte Data Description
0 04h ID GEN Type
1 tt 0 = SIN, 1 = FREQUENCY SWEEP, 2 = PINK, 3 = WHITE, 4 = CONST,
5 = TRIANGLE
2
3
4
5
6
aa MSB
aa LSB
ff MSB
ff
ff LSB
Amplitude 0dB to –144dB in 0.01dB steps
(0 = 0x4000), only for type 0 ~ 3
Frequency in Type 0 9.84 Hz – 42714 Hz
Frequency in Type 1 20.0 Hz – 20000 Hz (Standard Sweep)
Frequency in Type 1 9.84 Hz – 42714 Hz (Extended Sweep)
In 0.05Hz steps
7
8
pp MSB
pp LSB
Phase (only in type 0), 0 degree to 360 degrees in 1 degree steps
(0=0x00)
9 vv Value (only in type 4), 0 = 0x000000, 1 = 0xFFFFFF, 2 = 0x555555,
0 01h ID Request Device Status
1 F7 End of System Exclusive Message
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
Device Status (Send)
Byte Data Description
0 40h ID Device Status
1 ii Input
2 ff FSI
3 ww WLI
4 ss SRCI
5 oo Output
6 ff FSO
7 ww WLO
8 ss SRCO
9 cc CONFIG
10 ll LOCK
11 rr Remote
12 MSB FSI Measured MSB/LSB
13 LSB FSI Measured MSB/LSB
14 F7 End of System Exclusive Message
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for System
Remote Access
Byte Data Description
0 01h ID Remote Access
1 As Access State, 0x00 = OFF, 0x01 = Remote Access,
0x02 = Remote Access with Key Lock
Request Busy
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID Request Busy
System Dirty
Byte Data Description
0 10h ID Dirty
1
2
mi MSB
mi LSB
Menu ID
Hard Reset (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 00h ID Hard Reset
1 .. 16 ds Device Serial Number
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for FTP
Find File (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 01h ID Find File (send Status)
1 id Request ID
2 cc Character 1 (path)
.. cc …….
n cc Character n (path)
n+1 00 End of string
Next File (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 02h ID Next File (Send Status)
1 id Request ID
Get File Info (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 03h ID Get File Info (send File Info)
1 id Request ID
Close (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 04h ID Close
1 id Request ID
File Open (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 05h ID File Open (send Handle)
1 id Request ID
2 rw Open mode 0 = Read, 1= Write
3 cc Character 1 (path)
.. cc …….
n cc Character n (path)
n+1 00 End of string
File Close (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 06h ID File Close
1 id Request ID
2 hh Handle
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
File Write (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 07h ID File Write
1 id Request ID
2 hh Handle
3 nn Number of bytes
4 dd Data
.. dd ….
n dd Data n
n+1 cc Checksum MSB
n+2 cc Checksum LSB
File Read (Receive)
Byte Data Description
0 0Fh ID File Read
1 cc Request ID
2 Handle
3 cc Number of bytes
Status (Send)
Byte Data Description
0 40h ID Status
1 id Request ID
2 ss 0 = False, 1 = True
File Info (Send)
Byte Data Description
0 41h ID Filename
1 id Request ID
2 at Attribute
3 cc Character 1
.. cc …..
n cc Character n
n+1 0 End of String
Handle (Send)
Byte Data Description
0 42h ID Handle
1 id Request ID
2 hh 0 = Error, 1 ~ 7F = Valid Handle
File Data (Send)
Byte Data Description
0 43h ID File Data
1 id Request ID
2 nn Number of bytes
3 dd Data
.. dd ……
n dd Data n
n+1 cc Checksum MSB
n+2 cc Checksum LSB
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for DEBUG
Debug-Character
Byte Data Description
0 01h ID Character for Monitor
1 cc MSB Character MSB
2 Cc LSB Character LSB
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for RTA and Meter Change
The value of a frequency beam is sent only if it has changed. For transfer of beam values,
Polyphonic Aftertouch sysex message is employed as follows:
RTA Change
Byte Data Description
0 0xA0 Polyphonic Aftertouch used for RTA (Running Status supported)
1
2
bb 0 - 30 = RTA Band 0 to 30
100 -105 = Meter (In, Out, Gain reduction for Limiter and Com/Lim)
3 ll RTA Level 0x00 to 0x7F
MEQ-2000 Parameter Identifier for MUTE and BYPASS
For MUTE and BYPASS functions, the Control Change message is employed as follows:
MUTE/BYPASS
Byte Data Description
0 0xB0 Control Change message for MUTE and BYPASS
1 nn Controller number, Bypass = 0x0F, Mute = 0x68
2 vv Controller value, 0x00 = OFF, 0x7F = ON
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
Appendix II - Jumpers
The MEQ-2000 is configured for interconnection with professional-grade equipment using
balanced inputs and outputs per AES protocols. If you need to connect the MEQ-2000
with non-standard equipment, here are the jumper settings for the unit:
CH1 input J1 Pin 1 open
J2 Pin 1 signal ground
J3 Pin 1 housing ground*
J4 Pin 1 housing ground & signal ground over
capacitors (default)
CH2 input J5 Pin 1 open
J6 Pin 1 signal ground
J7 Pin 1 housing ground *
J8 Pin 1 housing ground & signal ground over
capacitors (default)
CH1 output J17 Pin 1 signal ground
J18 Pin 1 housing ground (default)
CH2 output J26 Pin 1 signal ground
J27 Pin 1 housing ground (default)
* It is strongly recommended that Pin 1 on all inputs and outputs are grounded to chassis.
The MEQ-2000 ships configured for Hard Bypass function. It is possible to switch jumpers
for Hard Mute function. In this case, the internal cables BYP-L1/L2 and BYP-R1/R2 must be
removed, and jumpers J13, J14, J15, J16, J22, J23, J24 and J25 inserted, followed by a
software reconfiguration in the AUX window of the UTILITY menu.
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MEQ-2000 24/96 Multimode Equalizer
Inter-M, Ltd. (Korea) began operations in 1983.
Since then, Inter-M has grown to become one of the largest manufacturers
of professional audio and commercial sound electronics equipment in the world.
Inter-M has gained worldwide recognition for its own branded products,
as well as private label manufacturing of electronics sold under other names (OEM).
The company is no longer just a Korean company, but rather a global company
that is truly international in scope, with factories and offices in Korea and China,
and sales and marketing operations located in Japan, Europe, and the U.S.A.
With more than 850 employees around the globe, Inter-M is well-poised for further growth and
expansion.
INTER-M AMERICAS, INC.
1 EAST BEACON LIGHT LANE, CHESTER, PA, USA 19013-4409
TEL: (610) 874-8870, FAX: (610) 874-8890
Home Page:http://www.inter-m.net, E-mail: service@inter-m.net
INTER-M Corporation
SEOUL OFFICE: 653-5 BANGHAK-DONG, DOBONG-KU, SEOUL, KOREA
TEL: 82-2-2289-8140~8, FAX: 82-2-2289-8149
Home Page:http://www.inter-m.com, E-mail: export@inter-m.com
0804MEQ2000 PRINTED IN KOREA
78
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