Intel Corporation E28F002BC-T80, E28F002BC-T120 Datasheet

E
October 1996
28F002BC 2-MBIT (256K X 8)
BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY
n
High Performance Read
80/120 ns Max Access Time
n
Low Power Consumption
20 mA Typical Read Current
n
x8-Only Input/Output Architecture
Space-Constrained 8-bit
Applications
n
Optimized Array Blocking Architecture
One 16-KB Protected Boot BlockTwo 8-KB Parameter BlocksOne 96-KB Main BlockOne 128-KB Main BlockTop Boot Location
n
Hardware Data Protection Feature
Erase/Write Lockout during Power
Transitions
Absolute Hardware Protection for
Boot Block
n
Software EEPROM Emulation with Parameter Blocks
PRELIMINARY
n
Extended Cycling Capability
100,000 Block Erase Cycles
n
Automated Byte Write and Block Erase
n
Industry-Standard Command User Interface
Status RegistersErase Suspend Capability
n
SRAM-Compatible Write Interface
n
Reset/Deep Power-Down Input
0.2 µA IProvides Reset for Boot Operations
n
Industry-Standard Surface Mount Packaging
40-Lead TSOP44-Lead PSOP40-Lead PDIP
n
ETOX™ IV Flash Technology
5V Read
n
12V Write and Block Erase
V
PP
V
PP
n
Independent Software Vendor Support
Typical
CC
= 12V ±5% Standard = 12V ±10% Option
Intel’s 2-Mbit flash memory is an extension of the Boot Block architecture which includes block-selective erasure, automated write and erase operat ions, and a standard microprocessor i nterface. The 2-Mbit fl ash memory enhances the Boot Block archi tecture by adding more density and blocks, x8 input/out put control, very high-speed, low-power, and industry-standard ROM-compatible pinout and surface mount packaging.
The Intel 28F002BC is an 8-bit wide f lash memory offering. Thi s high-density flas h memory provides us er­selectable bus operation for 8-bit applications. The 28F002BC is a 2,097,152-bit nonvolatile memory organized as 262,144 bytes of information. It is offered in 44-lead PSOP , 40- lead PDIP and 40-lead TSOP package, which is ideal for space-constrained portable systems or any application with board space limitations.
This device uses an int egrated Comm and User I nterf ace (CUI ) and Write St ate Mac hine (WSM ) f or s im plif ied byte write and block erasure. The 28F002BC provides block locations compatible with Intel’s MCS®-186 family, 80286, 90860CA, and the Intel386™, Intel486™, Pentium®, and Pentium Pro microprocessors.
The boot block includes a data prot ection feature to protect the boot code in critical applications. With a maximum access time of 80 ns, t his high-performanc e 2-Mbit flas h memory interf aces at zero wai t-state t o a wide range of microprocessors and microcontrollers . A deep power-down mode lowers the total V consumption to 1 µW typic al. This power savings is critical in hand-held battery powered systems. For very low-power applications using a 3. 3V supply , refer to t he Intel 28F002B V-T/B
Flash Memory
flash memory provides world-class quality, reliability, and cost-effectiveness at the 2-Mbit density.
datasheet. Manufactured on I ntel’s 0.6 mic ron ETOX™ I V process technology , the 28F002BC
2-Mbit SmartVoltage B oot B lock
Order Number: 290578-003
CC
power
Information in this document is provided in connection with Intel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Intel’s Terms and Conditions of Sale for such products, Intel assumes no liability whatsoever, and Intel disclaims any express or implied warranty, relating to sale and/or use of Intel products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. Intel products are not intended for use in medical, life saving, or life sustaining applications.
Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. The 28F002BC may contain design defects or errors known as errata. Current characterized errata are available on request. *Third-party brands and names are the property of their respective owners. Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order. Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature, may be
obtained from:
Intel Corporation P.O. Box 7641 Mt. Prospect, IL 60056-7641
or call 1-800-879-4683
COPYRIGHT © INTEL CORPORATION, 1996 CG-041493
E 28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY

CONTENTS

PAGE PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................5
1.1 Designing for Density Upgradeability............5
1.2 Main Features..............................................5
1.3 Applications..................................................6
1.4 Pinouts.........................................................7
1.5 Pin Descriptions.........................................10
2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION............................11
2.1 Memory Organization.................................12
2.1.1 Blocking...............................................12
2.1.2 28F002BC-T Block Memory Map.........12
3.0 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION .....................12
3.1 Bus Operations ..........................................13
3.2 Read Operations........................................13
3.2.1 Read Array..........................................13
3.2.2 Intelligent Identifiers ............................14
3.3 Write Operations........................................14
3.3.1 Command User Interface (CUI)...........14
3.3.2 Status Register....................................17
3.3.3 Program Mode.....................................17
3.3.4 Erase Mode.........................................18
3.3.5 Extended Cycling ................................19
3.4 Boot Block Locking.....................................19
3.4.1 V
3.4.2 RP# = V
3.5 Power Consumption...................................23
3.5.1 Active Power .......................................23
3.5.2 Standby Power....................................23
3.5.3 Deep Power-Down...............................23
3.6 Power-Up/Down Operation.........................23
3.6.1 RP# Connected to System Reset ........23
3.6.2 V
3.7 Power Supply Decoupling ..........................24
3.7.1 V
4.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS..................25
4.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings........................25
4.2 Operating Conditions..................................25
4.2.1 Capacitance.........................................26
4.2.2 Input/Output Test Conditions...............26
4.2.3 DC Characteristics...............................27
4.2.4 AC Characteristics...............................29
APPENDIX A: Ordering Information .................35
APPENDIX B:WSM Transition Table.................36
= VIL for Complete Protection........19
PP
for Boot Block Unlocking....19
HH
, VPP and RP# Transitions.............23
CC
Trace on Printed Circuit Boards....24
PP
PRELIMINARY
APPENDIX C: Additional Information...............37
3
28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY E

REVISION HISTORY

Number Item
-001 Original version
-002 Pin 2 of 44-Lead PSOP changed from DU to NC Alternate program command (10H) removed WSM transition table added
-003 40-Lead PDIP package added
4
PRELIMINARY
E 28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This datasheet comprises the specifications for the 28F002BC 2-Mbit flash memory. Section 1 provides an overview of the 2-Mbit flash m emory, including applications, pinouts, and pin descriptions. Section 2 describes the memory organization in detail. Section 3 defines a
description of the memory’s principles of operation. Finally, Sec tion 4 details the m emory’s operating specifications.

1.1 Designing for Density Upgradeability

The 28F002BC has been optimized to meet market requirements. Applic ations currently using the 28F001BX and 28F002BX can migrate to this product. Of course, both the 28F001BX and the 28F002BX devices use an 8-bit wide bus . Those applications needing a 16-bit wide bus or lower voltage can convert to the Smart 5 or SmartVoltage family of flash memory products.
SmartVoltage is also the natural migrat ion path to the 4-Mbit density. Both the 28F002BC and the 4-Mbit SmartVoltage are offered in identical packages to make upgrade seamless. A few simple considerations can smooth the migration path significantly:
1. Connect the NC pin of the 28F002BC to GND
(this will retain boot block locking when a 4-Mbit SmartVoltage is inserted).
2. Design a switchable V
the 5V V
3. If anticipating to use the 5V V
switch V protection.
Previous designs with Intel’s 28F002BX devices on occasion had to use a NOR gate (or some other scheme) to prevent issues with floating addresses latching incorrect dat a. The 28F002BC has corrected this issue and does not need the NOR gate. When migrating a design using the 28F002BX to the 28F002BC, the NOR gate c an be removed. When considering upgrading, packaging is of paramount importance. Current and future market trends indicate TSOP and PSOP as the packages that will enable designs into the next century.
option on SmartVoltage devices.
PP
to GND for complete write
PP
to take advantage of
PP
option,
PP

1.2 Main Features

The 28F002BC Boot Block flash memory is a high­performance, 2-Mbit (2,097,152 bi t) flash memory organized as 256 Kbytes (262,144 byt es) of 8 bits each.
The 28F002BC has separately erasable blocks, including a hardware-lockable boot block (16,384 bytes), two parameter blocks (8,192 bytes each) and two main blocks (one block of 98,304 bytes and one block of 131,072 bytes). An erase operation typically erases one of the mai n blocks in 2.4 seconds and the boot or paramet er blocks in
1.0 second. Each block can be independently erased and programmed 100,000 times.
The boot block is located at the top of the address map to match the protocol of many systems, including Intel’s MCS -186 fami ly , 80960CA, i860™ microprocessors as wel l as Pentium and Pentium Pro microprocessors. The hardware-loc kable boot block provides the mos t secure code storage. The boot block is intended to store the kernel code required for booting-up a system. When the RP# pin is between 11.4V and 12.6V, t he boot block is unlocked and program and erase operations can be performed. When the RP# pin is at or below
6.5V, the boot block is locked and program and erase operations to the boot block are ignored.
The Command User Interface (CUI) s erves as the interface between the microprocessor or microcontroller and the internal operation of the 28F002BC.
Program and Erase Automation allows program and erase operations to be executed using an industry standard two-write c ommand s equence t o the CUI. Data writes are performed in byte increments. Each by te in the f lash memory c an be programmed independently of other memory locations but is erased simultaneously with all other locations within the block.
The status register (SR) indicat es the st atus of the internal Write State Mac hi ne (WSM), which report s critical information on program and/or erase sequences.
The maximum access time of 80 ns (t guaranteed over the commercial temperature range (0°C to +70°C), 10% V range (4.5V to 5.5V) and 100 pF output load.
supply voltage
CC
ACC
) is
PRELIMINARY
5
28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY E
Pentium® Processor 100/90 MHz
Host
Bus
Main
Memory
82430FX
PCIset
(82437FX)
Cache
PCI Bus

Figure 1. 28F002BC-T Interface to a Pentium® Microprocessor System

I
, the maximum program current, is 20 mA. The
PP
V
voltage for erase and program is 11.4V to
PP
12.6V (V
conditions. Typical I
= 12V ± 5%) under all operating
PP
active current is 20 mA.
CC
The 28F002BC flash memory is al so designed wi th a standby mode to minimiz e system current drain and allow for low-power designs. When the CE# and RP# pins are at V is enabled and I
CC
, the CMOS standby mode
CC
drops to about 50 µA.
A deep power-down mode is enabled when the RP# pin is at ground. In addition to minimizing power consumption, the deep power-down mode also provides write protection during power-up conditions. I mode is 0.20 µA typical . An ini tial max imum acces s
current during deep power-down
CC
time or reset time of 300 ns is required from RP# switching high until output s are valid. Equivalentl y, the device has a maximum wake-up time of 215 ns until writes to the CUI are recognized.
When RP# is at ground, the WSM is reset, the status register is cl eared, and the entire device is write-protected. This feature prevents data corruption and protects the code stored in the device during system reset. The system Reset pin can be tied to RP# to reset the memory to read mode at power-up. With on-chip program/erase
82430FX
PCIset
(82371FB)
X M E M
W
#
X M E M R #
ISA Bus
XDIRXOE#
7 B 4 U S F 2 F 4 E 5 R
X-Bus
A[16:0] CE# OE#
28F002BC
WE# RP# DQ[7:0]
J1
Intel
PWROK
Vpp
automation and RP# functionality for data protection, the device is protected against unwanted program and/or erase cycles, even during system reset.

1.3 Applications

2-Mbit Boot Block flash memory combines high density, high performance, and cost-effective flas h memory with blocking and hardware protection capabilities. Its flexibility and versatility reduces cost throughout the product life cycle. Flash memory is ideal for Just-In-Time production flow, reducing system inventory and costs, and eliminating component handling during the production phase. During a product’s life cycle, flash memory reduces costs by allowing user­performed code updates and feature enhancements via floppy disk or remote link.
The 28F002BC is a full-function blocked flash product suitable for a wide range of applications, including extended PC BIOS , digital cellular phone program and data storage, telecommunication boot/firmware, and various embedded applications where both program and data storage are required.
0578_01
6
PRELIMINARY
E 28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY
Reprogrammable systems, such as personal computers, are ideal applications for the 28F002BC. Portable and hand-held personal computer applications are bec oming more compl ex with the addition of power management s oftware to take advantage of the latest microprocessor technology, the availability of ROM-based application software, pen tablet c ode for electronic handwriting, and diagnostic code. Figure 1 shows an example 28F002BC application.
The 28F002BC is also an excellent design soluti on for analog and digital cellular phone and telecommunication switching applications requiring high-performance, high-density storage in a small form factor package (x8-only bus). The blocking structure allows for easy segmentation of embedded code for modular software designs . For example, the parameter block can be used for frequently updated data storage and diagnostic messages (e.g., phone numbers and authorization
codes). The increase in software sophistication augments the probability that a code update will be required after the PC is shipped. The 28F002BC provides a

1.4 Pinouts

safe and inexpensive update solution for desktop, notebook, and hand-held personal computers while extending the product lifetime. Furthermore, the deep power-down mode provides added flexibility for those battery-operated portable designs that require low power.
The 28F002BC in the 44-lead PSOP pinout f ollows
the industry-standard ROM/EPROM pinout, as
shown in Figure 4. The 2-Mbit SmartVoltage pi nout,
indicating the WP# input, is al so shown in the s ame
diagram. The 40-lead TSOP package (shown in
Figure 2) offers the smalles t form fac tor possible in
addition to being compatible with i ts SmartVoltage
upgrade in the same package. The l ow-cost 40-lead
PDIP package diagram is shown in Figure 3.
28F002BV 28F002BV
A
A
16
A A A A A
WE#
RP#
V
WP#
NC A A A A
A A
A
16
A
15
15
A
14
14
A
13
13
A
12
12
A
11
11
A
A
9
A
PP
9
A
8
8
WE#
RP#
V
PP
NC NC
A
7
7
A
6
6
A
5
5
A
4
4
A
3
3
A
2
2
A
1
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
E28F002BC
BOOT BLOCK
40-LEAD TSOP
10 mm x 20 mm
TOP VIEW
40 39 38 37
36
35 34
33
32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21
A
17
GND
NC NC
A
10
DQ DQ DQ DQ
V
CC
V
CC
NC
DQ DQ DQ DQ OE#
GND
CE# A
0
A
17
GND
NC NC
A
10
DQ
7
7
DQ
6
6
DQ
5
5
DQ
4
4
V
CC
V
CC
NC
DQ
3
3
DQ
2
2
DQ
1
1
DQ
0
0
OE#
GND
CE# A
0
0578_02

Figure 2. The 40-Lead TSOP Offers the Smallest Form Factor for Space-Constrained Applications

PRELIMINARY
7
28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY E
NC NC
A
CE#
GND
OE# DQ
DQ
DQ DQ
V V
DQ DQ
DQ
DQ
A
GND
A
NC
CC
CC
1
2 3
0
4 5
P28F002BC
BOOT BLOCK
6
40-LEAD PDIP
7
0
8
1
9
2
10
3
11 12
13
4
14
5
15
6
16
7
17
10
18 19
17
20
40
NC A
39
A
38
A
37
A
36
A
35
A
34
A
33
V
32 31
RP#
30
WE#
A
29
A
28
A
27
A
26
A
25
A
24
A
23
A
22 21 NC
1
2
3
4 5
6
7
PP
8
9
11 12 13
14
15
16
0578_3A

Figure 3. The 40-Lead PDIP Offers the Lowest Cost Package Solution

8
PRELIMINARY
E 28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY
28F200BV
V
PP
WP# NC
A
7
A
6
A
5
A
4
A
3
A
2
A
1
A
0
CE# GND OE# DQ
0
DQ
8
DQ
1
DQ
9
DQ
2
DQ
10
DQ
3
DQ
11
V
PP
NC NC
A
7
A
6
A
5
A
4
A
3
A
2
A
1
A
0
CE# GND OE# DQ NC DQ NC DQ NC DQ NC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
PA28F002BC BOOT BLOCK 44-Lead PSOP
0.525" x 1.110"
11 12 13
TOP VIEW
14 15
0
16
1
18 19
2
20 21
3
22
44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35
34 33 32 31
30
29 2817
27
26
25 24
23
28F200BV
RP#
RP#
WE#
WE#
A
A
8
A
A
9
A
A
10
A
A
11
A
A
12
A
A
13
A
A
14
A
A
15
A
A
16
NC NC
GND
GND
A
DQ15/A
-1
DQ
DQ
7
DQ
NC
DQ
DQ
6
DQ
NC
DQ
DQ
5
DQ
NC
DQ
DQ
4
V
CCVCC
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16
-1
7
14
6
13
5
12
4

Figure 4. The 44-Lead PSOP Offers a Convenient Upgrade from JEDEC ROM Standards

0578_03
PRELIMINARY
9
28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY E

1.5 Pin Descriptions

Table 1. 28F002BC Pin Descriptions

Symbol Type Name and Function
A–1, A
–A
0
A
9
DQ0– DQ
7
INPUT
17
INPUT ADDRESS INPUT: When A9 is at V
INPUT/
OUTPUT
CE# INPUT CHIP ENABLE: Activates the device’s control logic, input buffers, decoders and
OE# INPUT OUTPUT ENABLE: Enables the device’s outputs through the data buffers
WE# INPUT WRITE ENABLE: Controls writes to the Command Register and array blocks.
RP# INPUT RESET/DEEP POWER-DOWN: Provides three-state control. Puts the device in
V
CC
V
PP
GND GROUND: For all internal circuitry. NC NO CONNECT: Pin may be driven or left floating.
ADDRESS INPUTS for memory addresses. Addresses are internally latched during a write cycle. A
is used on the PSOP package only. A
-1
is used on the
17
TSOP and PDIP packages.
the signature mode is accessed. During
this mode, A
decodes between the manufacturer and device IDs.
0
HH,
DATA INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Inputs array data on the second CE# and WE# cycle during a program operation. Inputs commands to the Command User Interface when CE# and WE# are active. Data is internally latched during the write cycle. Outputs array, Intelligent Identifier and Status register data. The data pins float to tri-state when the chip is de-selected or the outputs are disabled.
sense amplifiers. CE# is active low. CE# high deselects the memory device and reduces power consumption to standby levels. If CE# and RP# are high, but not at a CMOS high level, the standby current will increase due to current flow through the CE# and RP# input stages.
during a read cycle. OE# is active low.
WE# is active low. Addresses and data are latched on the rising edge of the WE# pulse.
deep power-down mode, locks, and unlocks the boot block from program/erase. When RP# is at logic high level (6.5V maximum), the boot block is locked and
cannot be programmed or erased. When RP# = V
programmed or erased.
(11.4V minimum ), the boot block is unlocked and can be
HH
When RP# is at a logic low level the boot block is locked, the deep power-down mode is enabled and the WSM is reset—preventing any blocks from being programmed or erased. When RP# transitions from logic low to logic high, the flash memory enters the read array mode.
DEVICE POWER SUPPLY: 5.0V ± 10%, 5.0V ± 5% PROGRAM/ERASE POWER SUPPLY: For erasing memory array blocks or
programming data in each block. When V memory contents cannot be altered.
PP
< V
all blocks are locked and
PPLK
10
PRELIMINARY
E 28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY

2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

DQ -DQ
07
A -A
0
Output
Buffer
Identifier Register
Output
Power
Reduction
Control
17
Input
Buffer
Address
Latch
Address
Counter
Y-Decoder
X-Decoder
16-Kbyte
Boot Block
Multiplexer
8-Kbyte
Parameter Block
Status
Register
Data
Comparator
Y-Gating/Sensing
8-Kbyte
Parameter Block
Input
Buffer
I/O Logic
Data
Register
96-Kbyte
Main Block
128-Kbyte
Main Block
Command
User
Interface
Write State
Machine
Program/Erase
Voltage Switch
CE# WE# OE#
RP#
V
PP
V
GND
044819
CC

Figure 5. 28F002BC Internal Block Diagram

PRELIMINARY
11
28F002BC 2-MBIT BOOT BLOCK FLASH MEMORY E

2.1 Memory Organization

2.1.1 BLOCKING

The 28F002BC features an asymmetric ally-blocked architecture that provides system memory integration. Each block can be erased up to 100,000 times. The block sizes have been chosen to optimize their functionality for common applications of nonvolat ile storage. For t he address locations of the blocks, see the memory map in Figure 6.
2.1.1.1 Boot Block - 16 KB
The boot block is intended to repl ace a dedicated boot PROM in a microprocess or or microcontroller­based system. The 16-Kbyte (16,384 bytes) boot block is located at t he top of the address map as shown in Figure 6. This boot block features hardware controllable write-protection to protec t the crucial microprocessor boot code from accidental erasure. The boot block can be erased and written when RP# is held at 12V for the duration of the erase or program operation. This feature allows customers to change the boot code when necessary while providing security at other times.
28F002BC-T
3FFFFH
3C000H
3BFFFH
3A000H
39FFFH
38000H
37FFFH
20000H
1FFFFH
00000H

Figure 6. 28F002BC-T Memory Map

16-Kbyte Boot Block
8-Kbyte Parameter Block
8-Kbyte Parameter Block
96-Kbyte Main Block
128-Kbyte Main Block
0578_05
2.1.1.2 Parameter Blocks - 8 KB (each)
The 28F002BC has two 8-Kbyte parameter blocks to facilitate storage of frequently updated system parameters that would normally require an EEPROM. The parameter blocks can also be used to store additional boot or main code. By using software techniques, the byte-rewrite functionality of EEPROMs can be emulated. These t echniques
are detailed in Intel’s appli cat ion note
AP-604 Using
Intel’s Boot Bloc k Flash Memory Parameter Block s to Replace EEPROM.
2.1.1.3 Main Block - 96 KB and 128 KB
The 28F002BC contains one 96-Kbyte (98,304 byte) block and one 128-Kbyte (131,072 byte) block. These blocks are typically used for data or code storage.

2.1.2 28F002BC-T BLOCK MEMORY MAP

The 16-Kbyte boot block of the 28F002BC-T is located from 3C000H to 3FFFFH. The first 8-Kbyte parameter block resides in memory space from 3A000H to 3BFFFH. The second 8-Kbyte parameter block consumes the memory area from 38000H to 39FFFH. The 96-Kbyte main block extends from 20000H to 37FFFH, while the 128-Kbyte main block occupies the region from 00000H to 1FFFFH.

3.0 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

Flash memory improves upon EPROM capability with in-circuit electrical write and erase. The Boot Block flash memory utilizes a Command User Interface (CUI) and automated algorithms to simplify write and erase operations. The CUI allows for 100% TTL-level control inputs, fixed power supplies during erasure and programming, and maximum EPROM compatibility.
When V execute the following commands: Read Array, Read Status register, Clear Status register, and Intelligent Identifier. The device provides standard EPROM read, standby and output disable operations. Manufacturer identification and device identification data c an be acc ess ed through t he CUI or through the standard EPROM A (V High voltage on V device. With V
< V
PP
) access for PROM programming equipment.
ID
, the device will only successfully
PPLK
high voltage
9
allows write and erase of the
PP
active, all functions associated
PP
12
PRELIMINARY
Loading...
+ 25 hidden pages