Intel iapx 432 User Manual

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iAPX 432
Interface Processor
Architecture Reference
Manual
171863-001
iAPX
432
INTERFACE
P~OR
Manual Orner
Release
Number
1.1
171863-001
Oamponents
Intel
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Corporation,
3065
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Bowers
1981,
Intel
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95051
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PREFACE
Understanding
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TABLE
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CCNl'ENI'S
TITLE
1.
KE'Y'
1-1.
1-2.
1-3.
1-4.
1-5.
crncEP'l'S
Peripheral Basic Peripheral
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Subsystems
I/O
~e1
Subsystem
Peripheral
Attached Processor Interface
Peripheral
I/O
Controller
Execution Environments
Wind~
Functions
I/O
lv1OO.el
Data
I/O
StmmaI"Y
Flow
EKaII1J?le
GOP
Process Printer Printer Printer
Supplementary
Physical
Reference
Interconnect
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Subsystem
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Processor
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Summary
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Server Task Task (Device Task) Reply Task Interface
Access
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Perspective
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Perspective
Perspective
Perspective
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Facilities
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PAGE
1-1
1-1
1-4 l-7
1-7 1-7 1-9
1-10
1-10
1-11 1-11
1-13 1-14
1-14 1-16
1-19 1-21 1-21
1-21
1-22 1-22
1-22
2.
CB.:JEX::!'IS
2-1.
2-2.
2-3. 2-4.
2-5. 2-6.
2-7. 2-8.
iv
.ANI) OPERAroRS
S~y
Envi romnent
IP
C>]?er
Obj
ect
Addressing and Global
Of
Interface
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Processor
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Facilities
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Objects For Program Environments Facilities Processes Process Facilities
For Asynchronous Communication
and IĀ£x::al Storage Resource
Scheduling and Dispatching
For Object
Management
Context Environment Manipulation
The
Four Direct Oi:>ject
vs.
Selectors Entering Entering
Entry
an Access Segment
the
Access Segments
Indirect
Accessibility
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Global Access Segment
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Management
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Management
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2-1
2-2
2-3
2-7 2-7
2-8
2-8
2-8
2-8
2-9
2-9
2-10 2-12 2-12
2-12
3.
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3-2.
3-3. 3-4.
3-5.
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WindCM
WindCM
Random Block Mode.Data
Interconnect
AttribJtes
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Subrange Base Address Object
Direction
Transfer Transfer
O\Terlay
Address Recognition Consistency
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Status Reference
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Status Mode
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Operation
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3-1
3-2 3-2 3-4 3-5
3-6 3-6 3-6
3-7 3-9 3-9 3-9
3-12
3-14 3-14 3-15 3-15
3-16
3-17 3-20
4.
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Mode
Context-level
Process-level
Processor-level
Haooling . ......................................... .
..........................................
Mode
.........................................
..........................................
of
Logical
Data
Mode Faults Faults
Faults Transfer
Faults
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
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4-1 4-1 4-4 4-4 4-4 4-6
4-9 4-9
5-1 5-1 5-2 5-2
6-1 6-1
6-2 6-2 6-2
6-3
6-3
6-4
6-4
6-6
v
APPENDICES
APPENDICES
A.
SYS'm1
A-I.
A-2.
A-3.
B.
FUNCTICN
c.
FA~T
C-l. C-2.
C-3.
C-4.
D. IN'lERRlJP'r E.
SYS'I'm E-l. E-2. E-3.
F.
INTERPRX!ESS
~
Context Process Processor
S~y
Fault Fault Object Non-Instruction
INITIAl.JIZATlOO
System Reset Establishing System
S~
Objects Objects
Objects
S~Y
Reporting ..........................................
Information
Level
lIAN'DLING...........................................
............................................
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
Operator
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
.
.........................................
........................................
"
Areas
Interface
..................................
Faults
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢.ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
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Faults
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ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
e._
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
.
.............................................
an
Startup
~CATICN
Execution
...........................................
Environment
AND
DISPATCHING
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
EXAMPLE
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
Page A-l
A-I
A-3 A-7
B-1 C-l
C-l C-l C-5 C-IO
D--1
E-l E-l E-2 E-5
F-l
vi
TABLES
TITLE
1-1. 2-1.
2-2. 2-3.
3-1.
B-1. B-2.
B-3.
D-l.
E-l.
Printer
IP/GDP IP/GDP
Example Legend System Object Comparison Operator Comparison
Direct/Indirect
Window
Attribute
Alphabetical
IP
Function IP Function Interrupt
Window
Configuration
Summary Summary
Sources
Accessibility
Summary
Index
to
by Function
by Operator
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IP Functions
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Code
ID
INIT
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PAGE
1-18
2-3
2-5
2-11 3-3
B-2
B-3
B-4 0-4
E-7
vii
FIGURES
TITLE
1-1. 1-2.
1-3.
1-4.
1-5. 1-6. 1-7. 1-8. 3-1.
3-2. 3-3. 3-4.
3-5. 3-6.
4-1.
4-2. 4-3.
4-4.
4-5.
4-6.
6-1.
0-1.
E-l.
F-l.
F-2.
F-3. F-4. F-5. F-6
432
System Basic I/O Service Cycle Peripheral Peripheral
Interface I/O Data
Pr
inter
~aInple
~ry
Subrange/Window
Valid
Window/Object Random Block Block
Mode
Mode Function Request Area Function
and
Peripheral
Subsystems
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ Subsystem Subsystem
Processor
Flow E::KaInple Pr
int
Over
lay
Summary Object
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
Interface Interface
Window
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......................................
Attributes
Mapping
Mode
Transfers
ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢ā€¢
Writes--Swept Addressing
Reads--Source Addressing
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~arrple
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(Logical
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Function Performance Phases-AP Furl.ction Operand 'I'ypes
Object
Selection
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Basic IP Function Execution
Fault Interrupt
Reporting
Handler
State
Processor Object Location Print
~ample
Objects
IP Performs Blocking
GOP
~ecutes
IP
Responds
Window
Print
Manipulation
Reply
SEND
to
and
IOC
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. ...................................... .
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RECEIVE
Unblocks
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Hardware
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View
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PAGE
1-2
1-5 1-6 1-8
1-12
1-15 1-17 1-20
.
3-8 3-10 3-11 3-13 3-18 3-19
4-2 4-3
4-5 4-7 4-8 4-10
6-5
D-2
E-3
F-2
F-ll
F-12
F-13 F-14 F-15
viii
CHAPTER
KEY
CCNCEPTS
1
This connection
Peripheral
Section Peripheral of
chapter
chapter
first
I/O
four
operations,
Interface reviews for
an
the
simple
example
with
Subsystems
Processors
the
interface
1-3
Subsystem
IP.
introduces addressing, special
1-1.
A
typical
consists
situations.
PERIPHERAL
application
of
Subsystems. which employs composed or
more
these
more
of
one
Interface
processors.
processes
introduces
sections
inIXlt/output fran
432' s
basic
between a
descr
In
ibes
the
fourth
~lementation
two
additional
the
iAPX
cover
(PS),
the
432
link
model
Peripheral
the
hardware and
interface,
section
physical
the
operations.
which
data
these
of
with
is
reviewed.
reference
IP
SUBSYSTEMS
based
on
the
a 432 .system and one
Figure
two
or
which
1-1
illustrates
Per
ipheral
more
iAPx
Processors,
The 432
system
execute
Subsystems. The 432 system hardware
432
General
and a
on
the
432
Interface
IP
as
it
Section
are
responsible
processing
together.
inp.lt/outp,lt,
Subsystem and
software
particular
the
I/O
roc>del
The m::>de
facilities
iAPX
432
or
more
a
hypothetical
Data
COII1I'OC>n
software
memory
is a collection
GDP(s).
Processor
is
used
1-1
distinguishes
for
system,
and shows how
The second
pointing
the
that
conpr
emphasis on
i.s
summar
final
section
and
that
are
provid.ed
microprocessor
satellite
configuration
Processors
which
(IP).
The
normally
the
bulk
section
out
the
need
432
system.
ise
this
the
role
ized
and a
of
the
interconnect
for
family
Peripheral
(GDPs),
is
shared
of
one
one
in
of
is
by
or
A fundamental
system
processes
environment
have any Conceptually, objects
in
oper.ations.
principle
the
432 system
memory
of
is
direct
from
the
432
se
If-contained.;
oontact
is
enclosed
possible
architecture
nei
ther
with
by
the
a
damage by
is
that
processors
"outside
wall
that
uncontrolled
the
432 nor
world."
protects
I/O
1-1
iAPX
432
Interface
Processor
Architecture
Reference Manual
432
System/Peripheral
Figure
1-1
Memory
Subsystem
432
System and
432
Boundary
Peripheral
SljbSystems
1-2
In
a 432-based
inplt/out];Xlt
includes
A
Peripheral
memory,
software.
application
number number
A
Peripheral that executes channel,
complement
device
I/O
The number
depems
may
be
of
GDPs
it
assumes
in
however, each
of application system
that
microcooputer
a
432
Peripheral
A
Peripheral
iAPX
Interface these very and
432
is
general
16-bit
Interface
Processor
the
microcomputer
system,
operations
control,
Subsystem
devices
var
ied
in
the
is
am
of
on
the
with
system.
the
bulk
is
delegated
timing,
an autonomous computer system
controllers,
Peripheral
I/O-intensiveness
changing
Subsystem resembles a
responsibility
parallel
with
for
432 system
Peripheral
hardware and
cost
can
bus,
am
oonmunicate
such
performance
as
Intel's
software
Subsystem.
Subsystem
is
attached
Processor
presents standard interface
432
that
two
processor
can
buses.
of
processing
to
Peripheral
interrupt
at
handling
least
Subsystems employed
of
needs,
and
conventional
l~level
I/O
processor(s).
Subsystem
can
resources
requirements.
over
a
standard
Multibus'IM
to
the
432
(IP).
separate
be
At
packet
adapted
the
bus
bus and
to
required
Subsystems;
and
one
processor,
the
application;
is
independent
mainframe
device
Unlike a simple
be
configured
that
precisely
In
8-
design,
system
by
hardware
interfaces.
the
nost
traditional
KEY
CCHE?TS
to
support
buffer
with
in
its
any
channel
su~rt
general,
or
may
serve
means
level,
One
other
this
ing
given
of
with
fits
l6-bi
of
is
ā€¢
own
and the
the
in
and
a
any
t
as
an an of
a
8-
The
Interface
'lb
sUQ?Ort
separates
the
a
Peripheral
provides a set
expose a its
single
contents Subsystem. Tb protection with
windowed
mechanisms
segment.
An
Interface
which
are
operation
considerably,
be
manipulated
system
processes
Processor
also
of
they
Processor
is
transfer
Subsystem from
of
software-controlled
object
may
(data
be
transferred
preserve
in
the
access
to
432
additionally
invoked
these
by
Peripheral
functions
generally
as
enti
ties,
and
software
driven
of
information
structure)
the
integrity
432
system,
objects
(and
permit
and
executing
by
Peripheral
through
the
432
windows. A window
in
432
system
to
or
from
of
the
the
IP
only
which
provides
Subsystem
the
objects
enable
are
of
a
software.
returned
in
432 system
conmunication between 432
in a Peripheral
Subsystem
the
software.
wall
system,
is
memory
the
Peri.pheral
capability-based
provides
system
set
of
functions,
type
While
results)
memory
Subsystem.
that
the
used
so
that
the
data
varies
IP to
PS
the
to
1-3
iAPX
It
is
~rtant
utilize
and protection object, Subsystem
1-2.
As
figure
are
and a
software
BASIC
based
processes
this
software
manual, a
in
managing an
consumer device
or
(e.
spc:x>ler).
432
Interface
to
strictly
systems.
function
I/O
MODEL
1-2
illustrates,
on
the
and
device
device
the
I/O
device.
producer
9
.,
a
Processor
note
that
enforce
Thus, a window
provides
to
interact
notion
of
tasks
task
Peripheral
An
of
data.
terminal),
Architecture
both
the
the
window and
standard
provides
a
E.rotected
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1-15
iAPx 432
I/O
EXAMPLE
To
illustrate
this output one
the
section
might
of
many
example does
implementation,
to
and from a number
In
this
example,
implemented multitasking cornnunicate
432
interprocess
the
OS
are operator. mailboxes or
messages
Interface
the
operation
provides
be implemented. Of
possible
not
with
of
all
Peripheral
as a collection
operating
with
one
another
corrmunication
messages,
Messages
are
queue
waiting
are
structures
for moves a message from a fran not, a message
to
and
a
mailbox
the
task
432
ports
RECEIVE
to
is
to
the and
operators.
the
queued
mailbox.
TRANSMIT
Processor
of
a
simple
awroaches
show
the
Peripheral
devices
of
system.
in
mailboxes,
arbitrary
tasks.
task
to a mailbox
issuing
at
the
In
and
Architecture
the
432
I/O
Reference
model more
example which shows
course,
that
all
the
might
the
be
detail
Subsystem
example
taken.
supporting
concurrently.
Subsystem
tasks
This
a
fashion
OS
facility.
a
TRANSMIT
data
that
hold
When
task
mailbox
other
ACCEPT
running
if
words,
software
under
is
assumed
that
The mechanisms
operator
structures
tasks
executed
and
waiting
by
ACCEPT
a message
until
another
mailboxes
are
analogous
Manual
specifically,
how
line
describes
Furthermore,
of
a
is
assumed
the
control
to
allow
is
analogous
provided
and
an
in
memory, and
for
a
task,
moves a message
is
available;
task
are
to
the
printer
only
typical
transfers
to
be
of
a
tasks
to
to
the
by
ACCEPT
messages TRANSMIT
if
TRANSMITs
analogous
432
SEND
Figure
flON
1-7
of
Basically,
sends
which
a message
controls
printer
the
originating writing there
might
through
data
task
it
the
shows
fran
a
GOP
returns
into
be
system
the
overall
one
process containing the
printer;
the
process.
the
message and
a
pool
at
one
structure
element
wishing
the
when
message
The
of
these
tbne.
to
to
data
to
the
as
process
sending
messages,
of
the
another
pr
int
the
data
a
positive
may
it
example
(see
data
also
on
Peripheral
has
been
acknowledgement
then
off
send more
again.
with
system
table
the
line
Subsystem
printed,
In
several
and
the
1-1).
pr
inter
task
the
data
practice,
cycling
to
by
1-16
KEY
CONCEPTS
CDP
Proeeaa
432
'Syat_----
432
Memory
---
____
.eripheral
Subayatelll
Peripheral
Intertace-----I_
subayatem
Memory
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.ubayaUIII
'rinter
Task
____
_
8
Figure
1-7
Printer
EKarnple
1-17
iAPX
432
Interface
Processor
Architecture
Reference Manual
.Table
1-1
Item
SEND,/R:ErnIVE
P:t;int order_mailbaK
Print_response_mailbox
Pr
inter
Example Legend
Description
Object (message)
operation point
432
of
communications
convention
432
communicat
process
432
operators
fram
view (see
to
queue
waits
for
requesting
figure
ions
result
(GOP
functi.ons) provided
cxmnunication. 03
message queue
messages 03
message queue
waiting
messages printer
task.
already
defined
for
defined
descr
ibing
process's
1-8).
port
print
port
assigned by
objects.
where
of
operation.
instructions,
for
printer
interprocess
to
hold
task.
to
hold
processed by
pr
int
GOP
IP
pri.nt
print
the
TRANSMIT/ACCEPT
Cl3
operators
RECEIVE
analogous
operators.
to
432
SEND
and
1-18
KEY
<XNCEPTS
Figure
1-8
organized.
text
part.
the
432 returned, last
reference provided originator.
The
text
what
is
reflects
printed. With printer
The as
These
detail
to
printer
is
provided
next
seen
Appendix
the
task.
by
descriptions
on
example.
shows
It
oonsists
The
object
port
at
arrl a
to
shOil one
part
to
be
the
of
disposition
exception
by
the
three
hOil
sections
the
GOP
these
F,
(Interprocess
hOil
the
which
reference
is
not
the
message
done
of
(e.g.,
the
GOP
process, present
acti
message
of
two
parts,
references
the
process
for
the
strictly
way
in
oontains a command
print
of
the
status
process i the
descr
ibe
the
an
overview
vi
tiesĀ·
relate
Cbmmunication Example), which
sent
are
process
necessary
an
for
will
by
object
the
wait
itself
the
text
for
in
which a message
one
page),
print
request,
information,
status
the
operation
printer
task,
of
to
IP
a
all
field
of
and
the
operations.
facilities,
GOP
process
reference
part
the
(GOP
the
example,
may
field
which
status
and
the
data
is
the the
part
of
the message or
IP).
identify
specifies
field
data
in
the
updated
example
IP
controller.
please
refines
might
and a
object,
to
This
but
which
to
message
by
system
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nnre
refer
be
be is
its
be
the
the
GOP
Process
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direct
object
is
the proceed process
and
the
process's
message,
further
attempts specified the
process
field
and
print_object
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outp.1t
serrls
it
"oonnection"
the
process
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to
in
the
print_object.
will
takes
appropriate
and
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to
the
as
a message
receive
receive
line
is
printer,
to
free
to
the
the
to
continue
line
acknowledgement
a message
it
the
action,
off
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message.
again.
the
perhaps
a
GOP
process
builds
print_request..J?Ort.
pr
inter.
running.
of
the
fran
the
operation
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then
writing
After
When
print
operation,
print_replY'-port
has
been
inspects
new
data
a
print
The
port
it
has
sent
it
cannot
oompleted,
the
status
into
the
it
the
1-19
iAPX
432
Interface
Processor
Text~
Architecture
Reference
Manual
CI
Object
Print
References".,.;;
Text
Figure 1-8
__
Example
Print
Print
Status
Command
Object
Data
1-20
KEY
CONCEPTS
Printer The
printer
pr
inter
by
the
printer
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Printer The
printer
steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Server
task
GOP
server
RECEIVE When object Using
Task
server
which
process
loops
a message from
the
selector
the
Perspective
task
is
responsible
into
through
message (a
object
text.
Copy
the Close TRANSMIT
the
Repeat from
the
open
windON.
the
printer
message
window.
a message
task. step
Task (Device Task)
task
ACCEPT
Interpret Transfer care Update
result TRANSMIT
runs
a message from
the
message; - - -
the
data
of
all
device
the
status
of
the
operation;
the
updated mailbox; Repeat from
step
may
the
form
the
print
for
the
selector,
text
with
1.
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in
an
from
control
field
1.
be
viewed
for
translating
expected
following
the
print_request-POrt.
object)
message
text.
open
from 432
a
endless the
print
the
memory
reference
loop
order
message
(e.g.,
of
the
pr
int
_message
as
a
"front
by
the
printer
steps:
is
received,
a windoo
to
to
the
repeating
mailbox;
to
the
interrupts);
print
--
to
the
end"
the
message
onto
PS
the
memory
pr
int
the
printer,
message
pr
int
to
the
sent
task.
The
obtain
message
through
text
following
taking
with
the
_response
an
to
Printer The
printer
task.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Reply Task
reply
I t
runs ACCEPT Open a
Perspective
task
in
an
a message from
windON Formulate a print object Close SEND
through
the
the
print
window.
system. Repeat from
may
endless
onto
the
object
-
step
1.
be
viewed
loop
the
reply
as
follows:
the
print
print
object
message and
open windON.
to
the
as
a "back end"
response
in
deposit
printer
mailbox.
the
reply
432
it
port
to
the
system.
in
in
printer
the
the
print
432
1-21
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