Intel 121748-001 User Manual

8086

RELOCATABLE

OBJECT

MODULE

FORMATS

An

Intel Technical Specification

Order

Number:

121748-001

.

Copyr;ght~1981

Intel Corporation,

3065

Intel Corporation

Bowers

Avenue,

Santa Clara, California

95051

Additional copies

Literature Department Intel Corporation 3065

Bowers A venue

Santa Clara,

of

this manual

CA

95051

or

other Intel literature may be obtained from:

The information in this document Intel Corporation makes no warranty

to. the implied warranties assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear

is

subject to change without notice.

of

merchantability

any kind with regard to this material. including, but not limited

and

fitness for a particular purpose. Intel Corporation

in

this document. Intel Corporation makes no

commitment to update nor to keep current the information contained in this document. Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use

an Intel product. No other circuit patent licenses Intel software products are copyrighted

duplication

or

disclosure

is

subject to restrictions stated in Intel's software license.

are

implied.

by

and shall remain the property

any circuitry other than circuitry embodied

of

Intel Corporation. Use.

or

as defined in ASPR

in

of

7-104.9(a)(9).

No part

of

this document may be copied

of

written consent

Intel Cqrporation.

The following are trademarks

of

Intel Corporation and its affiliates and may be used only to identify Intel

or

reproduced in any form

or

by

any means without the prior

products:

BXP Intelevision Multibus CREDIT i ICE iSBC iCS im Insile MCS Intel inlel

and the combination of ICE, iCS, iRMX, iSBC, iSBX, MCS.

ii

Intellec Multimodule iRMX Plug-A-Bubbk

iSBX library

Manager RMX/!lO

Megachassis Micromap

or

RMX and a numerical suffix.

PROMPT Pwm\\are

Sy,lcm

:!OOO

UPI

"Scope

IA

500/1181/500

IPI

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4."

TABLE

DOCUMENT

- 'fABLE INTRODUCTION • • • • • • • • • •

DEFINITION MODULE

MODULE MODULE SEGMENT SEGMENT SYMBOL DATA INDICES CONCEPTUAL

~~ODULE

RECORD INTRODUCTION RECORD

'r-MODULE

L-MODULE

R-MODULE LIST

SEG~ENT

~~OUP

TYPE SYMBOL

PUBLIC EXTERNAL LOCAL LINE NUMBERS

BLOCK

B

DE8UG

DATA

RELOCATA9LE RELOCATABLE ITERATED

PHYSICAL PHYSICAL ITERATED LOGICAL

LOGICAL ITERATED FIXUP OVERLAY END

REGISTEa MODULE

LI

i3RARY

LIHRARY

LIBRARY

LIBRAHY

CONTROL

OF

CONTENTS

OF

TERMS

SEMANTICS

IDENTIFICATION

ATTRIBUTES

DEFINITION ADDRESSING •

DEFINITION

• • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • FRAMEWORK

SYN'fAX

ORDER

to

FORl~ATS

HEADER HEADER HEADER

OF

NAMES DEFINITION

DEFINITION

NAMES

SYMBOLS DEFINITION

LOCK

END SYMBOLS

RECORDS

ENU~ERATED

RECORD

DEFINITIO~

RECORD

INITIALIZATION

E~D

I~ECORDS

HEADER

~ODULE

r-10DULE

RECORD

E~U~ERATED

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

RECORD

• •

••••••

FOR

• • • • the

RECORD

RECORD RECORD RECORD

RECORD

HECORD

DEFINITION

RECORD

gNU~ERATED

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • •

RECORD

R~CORD

RECORDS

DEFINITION

~ECORD

• • • • • • • • •

DATA

DATA RECORD

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

RECORD NAMES

LOCA'fIONS

OF

. . . . . . .

• • • •

• • •

. . .

FIXUPS

FORMATS

• • • •

•

•••

• • • • RECORD

••

• • • • • • • DATA

DATA

RECORD

RECORO

RECORD

~ECORD

CONTENTS

· . . . . . . .

· . . . . .

.

· . .

• • • • • • • 9

• • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • •.

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • •

• •

• • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • 21;

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • •

•

RECORD

• • •

RECORD

• • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • •

•

• • • • • • • • • •

• •

• • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • •

• • • • •

• • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • •

. . . . . .

.

· . . .

• • • • • • • •

• • • • • •

• • • • • • • •

••

. . .

-.

• • • •

...

~

••••

•••

• • 9

••

18

10 11

12

13

22

24

27

28

31

32 36

(0

44

47 49

51

53

56

• •

57

~0

~2

~4

~5

~~

~R

70

74

7~

77

80

82

•

83 84

2

3

5 5

9

3

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.(J

LIBRARY DICTIONARY

COMMENT

1.

NUMERIC

2.

TYPE REPRES ENTA'tIONS

3.

SYNTAX

4.

EXAMPLES

RECORD

LIST

DIAGRA~S

OF

FIXUPS

RECORD

• • • • • • •

OF

RECORD

• • • • • •

TYPES

•••

••

· . .

APPENDICES

· . .

. .

· . . . . . . .

• •

· . . . . .

• •

· . .

· . . . .

• •

. . . . . .

• • • •

• •

• • • •

•

85

•

Sf;

88

89

91

97

4

Sf)

86

Object

i\4odule

Formats

INTRODUC'f ION

Version

4.rrJ

Here lanquaqe the

output

processor. languaqe

processors

debuqgers.

The relocatable Capabilities

mapping

facilities

This The forward

terms

without

OMF -acronym R&L -acronym MAS -acronym

(1,048,576).

which

may

are

the

for

of

all

'fhe

8086

memory

are

section

are

for for for

Note

occupy

object

the

8686

lanquaqe

8086 -object

such

object

imaqes provided of

defines

ordered

forward

Object Relocation Memory

that

only

record

microprocessor.

translators

lanquaqe

as

module

that

the

8086 certain

not

references. DEFINITION

Module

Formats.

and

Address

the

MAS

a

portion

formats

The

with

is

input

linkers,

locaters,

formats

may

allow

be

efficient

microprocessor.

terms

fundamental

alphabetically,

of-TERMS

Linkaqe.

Space.

is

of

The distinguished the

MAS.

that

8086

the

permit linked

8086

define

object

8086

and

output

specification to use

but

MAS

from

the lanquaqe

as

the

for

librarians,

one of

the

to

S08~

so

you

is

1

actual

object tarqet

object

and

another.

memory

R&L.

can

read

meqabyte

memory,

is

of

MODULE

information

When a

T-MODULE

or

ASM-86,

L-MODULE

earlier

R-MODULE

or

more

in

this

merely

LIB86, there null.)

default

source

ouqht

(such

an

-inseparable" produced

distinction

will will

versions, will constituent

sense

a

transformation

Two

observations

l}

Every has

is

a

no

need

Transl~tors

name

code

2) to

as

nor

Every have

ICE-8n)

must

denote denote

and

denote

by

module

handle

to

(possibly

user T-module

a

different

can

by

a

be

made,

a

module

a

module

a

module

modules.

LOCATE-86;

of

the

about

must

have

for

provide

will

the

file

specifies

in name,

distinquish

collection

translator

created

(Note

the

input

modules

a

name,

the

module

a

handle

provide

name

otherwise.

a

collection

so

the

of

or

by a translator,

by

(8rrJ86

that

modules

output

module.)

must

names

for

or

so for

be

that

display LIB8o. for

a

of

that

symbolic

various

object

by

the

(cross)

based)

are

module

made:

the

T-rnodules,

null

modules

line

code

LINK-So

such

LINK-86

LINK-86 not

from

to

the

LOCATE-8fi

808~

the

name

name)

linked

debuqoinq

numbers

and

other

proqram. as

PLM86

VI.3

from

"created"

Librarian, user.

may

orovidinq

if

neither

toqether

systems

and

local

or

1

is

(If

be

a

5

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

symbols. enforced

LOGICAL

contents

binding) determined not

LSEGts, at

LOCATE-time

object

FRAME

- A boundary because

(possibly

can

access

can addressed

LSEG.

PSEG

-

MFRAME· and

Mlogical

by

SEGMENT

are

•

be

final forming

code,

contiguous the

An

LSEG

fit

This

because

This

restriction

it.

determined Neither

at

translation-time: because

a

(althouqh

whose

(i.e.,

on a multiple

content overlappinq) a

memory

is

constrained

in

a FRAME.

by

a

l6-bit

term

is

the

M

nature

is

(LSEG) A

at

size

the

LSEG

sinqle

LSEG; location region

of

the

of

four

FRAME's;

location

This

offset

equivalent

terms

of

MPSEGM and

the

not

reauired

contiquous translation-time nor

location

size,

~ay

be

combined

location

some

is

64K

outside

to

from

to

translators

already

of

16

8086

no

be

no

means

the

FRAME.

MAS,

bytes). seqment 16-bit

of

qreater that

base

MLSEGd reflect

underlyinq

by

reqion

(except

in

MAS

althouqh

at

in

MAS

is

may

determined).

beqinninq

This

reqisters

address

the

current

than

any

byte

of

a

Some

people

seqments.

R&L,

of

are

partially

LINK-time usually produce

on

concept

in four

fi4K,

in

FRAME

~refer

the

and

memory

for

necessarily

fixed,

determined

Mabsolute~

a

paragraph is

define

the

8086

FRAME's.

so

an

LSEG

covering

MPSEG~

~physicaln

is

whose

address-

to

other

useful

four

code

that

may

not

may

it

be

the

to

FRAME

NU~BER

Mparaqraphs·

each PARAGRAPH PSEG

of

which NUMBER -This

NU~BER

PIC -acronym

where

load

specified

allowed.

LTL -acronym

PIC

module

GROUP

whose

will

- a be

group

final

at

collection.

The

notation

arouo,

and

The

not

imply

contiquity

in

defines

-

This

for

addresses

relative

for

except

is

locations

least

that

fact

any

orderinq

between

Every MAS

can

term

Position

to

Load-Time

that

a

collection

one

fRAME

~Gr

the

qroup's

that

X, Y

FRAME

be

numbered

a FRAME. term

is

equivalent

Independent

and

seqment

Locatable.

base

in

fixups

MAS

which

A(X,y,Z)d

name

and

of

X, Y

and

Z.

beqins

are

equivalent

reqister

and

of

LSEG's

have

been

covers

means

is

Z

are and

on

0,l,2,

called

to

"FRAME

Code.

initialization

qroup

An

are

allowed.

constrained

that

A.

all

LSEG's

Z

in

a

paraqraph

•••

,~5535.

FRAME

to

"FRA,,.,E

A

bases.

LTL

module

defined

(contains)

LSEG's

MAS,

nor

boundary. These

NUMBERS.

NUl'JfBER."

NU~BER.~

PIC

module

No

is

similar

at

translation-time, such every

in

X, Y

the

does

and

same

it

is

values

fixups

that

LSEG

Z

~roup

imply

The

numhers,

a

module

are are

to

there

in

the

form

does

any

a

8086

Object

In

one

group G2(B,C,D) be

in

G2

is

not

single

the

in

more

sufficient

FRAME,

Module

PIC/LTL

(e.g.

the

same

than

althouqh

Formats

case, defininq

one

to

an

module group.

infer

they

LSEG

two

is

The

that

miqht.

is

qroups

not

existence

not

legal).

A,B,C,D

allowed such

Otherwise

of

to

as

Gr

qroups

all

be

in

GI(A,C,B)

an

such

lie

within

Version

more

LSEG

as

and

Gl

4.8

than

Gr may and

some

CANONIC

FRAME's; has

FRAME

a

is

Thus,

speak

By

extension,

a

unique

canonic

the FRAME

SEGMENT

names

canonic

of NAME -LSEG's

serve

1)

combined

2)

LSEG·s.

3)

CLASS

NAME

translation-time.

are

in

any

but

higher

called

if

of

the

FRAME

FRAME'S

an

only

they

with

they

the

same

location

one

FRA~E

Foa if

FRA~E

LSEG

playa

what

may

are

LSEG's

class

of

these NUMBER

the

canonic

is

a

"canonic

S

is

which

of

the

of

or

of are

3

purposes:

role

other

be

used

Classes

in

FRAME's

symbol

FRAME

any

set

has locations the

a

Group

assigned

at

LSEG's.

used

in

assembly

may

iff

they

MAS

is

than

any

FRAME

defininq

of

memory

the

in

set

S. of

names

LINK-time

at

LOCATE-time

optionally define

have

contained can

be

other

of

the

a

Faa·,

lowest

S.

Thus,

LSEG's.

at

in

source

be

a

partition the

in

exactly

distinguished

FRAME.

location.

memory

or of

-FOO's

locations,

FRAME

This

we

unique

may

translation-time.

determininq

to

code

to

assiqned

on

same

Class

4996

This

distinguished

location,

canonic

then

NU~BER

in

FRAME

speak

of

~h~t

desiqnate

specify

Class

~~5EG's:

Name.

in

there

the

is

the

LSEr,'s

groups.

two

distinct that

one

FRAME".

exists set called

canonic

These

specific

Names

LSEG's

it

may

of

are

at

R&L

semantics

might

be

The

Names

above;

identify

OVERLAY

translation-time translator

module

An

a

handle

Class

Names,

LOCATE-86

~located"

associates are

RED, BLUE,

uses

additionally,

many

NAME

or

will

be

Overlay

on

however,

proqram.

at

overlappinq

completely

GREEN

of

Class

LSEG's

by a single

LSEG's

oratLINK-time.

LINK-So

assiqned

Name

is

user-defined

no

semantics user-defined.

or

may

is

the similar

Overlay

(In

brief.

MAS

ROM,

Names Class

include Names handle

optionally

invoked,

same

Overlay

to

equivalence

Names

LSEG's

locations.)

with

RAM,

This

a

specific

Examples

DISPLAYMEMORY.

the

first

qive

be and

the

at

LOCATE-time.

assiqned

name

all

is

LSEG's

Name.

Class

N~me

classes

have

semantics

in

different

Class

of

2

uses

user

an

Overlay

specified

within

in

that

of

LSEG's.

overlays

Names; Class

of

the

power

when

it

kno~n

class Names

Seqment

Name

the

same

provides

Unlike

by

the

may

to

at

be

7

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

COMPLET~

three Name

NAME -The

component

and

combined

Overlay

iff

their

~complete

identification

Name.

Com~lete

nameH of

consistinq

LSEG's

Names

from

are

an

LSEG different

identical.

of

is the

defined

Segment

modules

to

be

Name,

will

the

Class

be

8

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.9

In

order module There name.

header are The

below.

A

module translation called

a T-MODULE. A T-MODULE

(THEADR). translator. symbols

A

module

and

R-MODULE.

(LHEADR).

(RHEADR). be

provided.

to

the

An

example

R-~ODULE

beqin

as other the are

with

a

directive

tools

oriqinatinq

preserved

three

additional

or

A

name

line

An

In

module

would

C.

an

such

MODULE

to

determin~

record

will

kinds

functions

name

may

linking.

may

This

name

numbers

that

results

L-MODULE R-MODULE the

LHEADR

This

will

name

without

be

two

R-MODULE C

RHEADR

from

as

record the

the

module's

for

debugginq

IDENTIFICATION

always

of

A

that

header

be module

a

file

be

records

of

the

qenerated

that

will

be

provided

is

found

from

will

record

is

available

usinq

then

always

in

linkinq

always

or

any

used the

have the

of

T-MODULES, A

will with

user.

library

names,

contain the

The

manaqer

yet

purposes.

contains

the

first

and

header

durinq results have

in

the

to

identify

T-MODULE.

is

have

an

RHEADR

for

use

its

constituent

and

S, two

name

C

·R-MODULE without

the

oriainatinq

an

record

each

records

one from

a T-MODULE

THEADR

called an

an

L-MODULE

R-MODULE

record

as

a

means

linked

THEADR

provided

C

can

h~vinq

object

in

provides

are

of

two

translation

HEADER record

the

source

L-MODULE

HEADER

a

name

of

T-MODULE

toqether

records

by

be

referred

to

module's

program, a

module.

a

module

explained

processes:

RECORD

of

or

RECORD RECORD

may

referrinq

names. to and

the

linker

know

is

by

all

an

also

form

will

to

by

about

names

a

In attribute starting

module

specifies

If then

this debuqginq module and

initiated

In

may

not

A

seauence

addition

of address.

with

the

a

value

purposes.

could

summarYr

have

module

of

beinq

the

main

result

module

has

be

the

independent

a

startinq

is

defined

records

to

an

a

main

When

attribute of

is

been

A

entry

modules

produced

MODULE

optional

program

linking finding not

a

provided

starting point

of

a

mayor

address.

SEGMENT

as

a

ATTRIBUTES

name,

as

multiple

should

two

or

main

module by

address

of

a

procedure,

main

proqram.

may

DEFINITIO~

collection

hy

a

translator.

well

be

more

a

not

a

as

modules

given.

main

yet

has

translator,

specified

be

main

of

object

module

havinq

tog~ther,

The

modules.

a

starting

which

as

code The

may

a

linker

possibly

for

may

well

defined obiect

have

specified

only

address

a

non-main

be

loaded

as

mayor

the

one

EPS

for

by

code

a

9

808fi

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

represents

determined

SEGMENTS the

attributes

is

the

alignment,

when

multiple

(GROUPING,

required

RHEAOR)

•

The

from

which

addressed.

segment

(SS)

base

• The

far

exceeds

reqisters

modular

program

contiquous

at

(LSEG's).

vehicle

etc.)

see

to

8086

a

64K

There

registers

possible

the

may

translation-time.

A

module

of

each

by

is

LSEG's

below)

follow

LSEG.

which

maintained.

are

is

the

SEGMENT

addressing

byte

reqion

is

one

(OS,

number

require

with

of

frequent

many

reqions

of

These

all

must

The

LSEG

contain

SEG~ENT

information

The

combined

est~blished.

first

header

and

ADDRESSING

mechanism

of

memory,

code

seqment

ES),

of

LSEG' s

available

and

provides

one

that

base

loading.

small

data

and/or

memory

reqions

DEFINITION

LSEG

information

when

The

record

called

base

stack

may

This

whose are

information

(name,

seqment

SEGDEF

(THEADR,

seqment

a FRAME,

reqister

seqment

make

up a memory

registers.

would

code

LSEG's.

contents

called

that

RECORD

length,

is

addressability

records

or

LHEADR,

base

registers

(CS),

base

Thus,

be

the

case

are

LOGICAL

defines

(SEGDEF)

memory

required

are

or

may

two

be

data

reqister

imaqe

base

in

a

Hence addressable name earlier

for

in

To established, The

GROUP segments segment

defininq

The records

asGRPDEF

GROUP.

header explicit

records

orderinq

Within

definition

requirements: be

resolved

(linkinq)

numbers

should

the

motivation

unit

this

allow

addressable

the

DEFINITION

addressa~ility

each

DEFINITION

either

GRPDEF

The

GRPDEF

as

a

module

records.

1)

by

and

2) be

that

GROUP

RECORD

by

segment

symbol

records records

records some of

records

thera

The

references eauivalently attributes made

to

collect

can

be

contained unit OF

is

TERMS.

of

must

be

explicitly

(GRPDEF)

name

FOO"

or

"the

within

may

reference

must

R&L

products

is

aiven

SYMBOL,DEFINITIO~

may

be

necessity

to

LSEG's

a

GROUP

objects

provides

by

segment

seqments

a

module

also

must

Inter.

six

for

externally

defined

of

locally

availahle

for

debuqqinq

within

defined

SEGDEF

precede

process

different

these

defined

symbols

defined

toqether

a

memory

and

has

within

a

list attribute with

must

records all

them

records

in

symbols

purposes.

a

in

of

class

follow

other

types

is

symbols

another

to

form

frame.

been

GROUP the

constituent

such

name

all

in

defininq

records

first.

of

based

and

one The

defined

to

be

module.

as

~the

ROft1". SEGDEF

but

The

symhol on

two should module

line

a

10

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

The linkinq the

is

EXTERNAL DEFINITION later.

The

LOCAL

DEBUG

the

SYMBOLS

BLOCK

(T¥PDEF) • their THEADR

is

are

original

record

The

data maintained of

three

There DATA Each

FRA~E

FRAME the RIDATA

a RIDATA

rather

RECORD

relocatable

number, number,

absolute

record

structure

record

than

does.

requirements

satisfied

NAMES

RECORD

requirements

RECORD RECORD

END

RECORD

The

association

defining

as

explained

that

in

classes:

are

two

(REOATA)

DATA and and address differs

that

is

must

to explicitly

for

by

the

DEFINITION

(TYPDEF).

for (LOCSYM), (DEBSYM),

(BLKEND),

modules

defines

six

varieties

relocatable,

Relocatable

and

record

perhaps the

GRPDEF at

in

be

reduce

symbol

PUBLIC

Their

debugqinq

the

and

of

the

is

earlier.

DATA

the

memory

of

DATA

RELOCAT~BLE

is

associated

a GRPDEF

record

which

that expanded

the

module

data

by size

enumeratinq

definition

NAMES

DEFINITION

RECORD

semantics

information

LINE

BLOCK

NU~BERS

DEFINITION

the

line

numbers

essential

imaqe

DATA

physical, records:

ITERATED

Record.

provide

bytes

the

loader.

by

each

(EXTDEF),

are

RECORD

TYPE

and

represented

records.

and RELOCATABLE

DATA

with

The

a SEGDEF SEGDEF

information

are

encodinq

~yte,

as

records

RECORD

and

will

be

satisfied

(LINNU~),

RECORD

DEFINITION

local

maintained

by

The

DATA

loqical.

RECORD

record

to

be

loaded.

represented

The

purpose repeated

the

REDATA

for

module

(PUBDEF),

the

TYPE

explained

by

the the

(BLKDEF),

RECORD

symbols

by

the

a

module

records

ENUMERATED

(RIOATA).

record

or

the

determine

The

within

of

the

data

record

to

a

There RECORD PEDATA data

bytes

There DATA

RECORD

Each

SEGDEF

records Physical

Data

records,

address

In

logical

are

(PEDATA)

and

PIDATA

it

are

record

to DATA

bytes

as

an

(absolute)

summary,

two

and records

contains

also

(LEDATA)

DATA

provides

be

converted

records.

for

LSEG

Physical

and

record

all

is

but

there RELOCATABLE, PHYSICAL, absolute

found

seqment~,

in

PHYSICAL

divorced

DATA

records:

PHYSICAL ITERATED are two

provide

to Loqical

be

an

absolute

loaded.

DATA

LOGICAL ITERATED

is

associated

information

to

LSEG's either has

and

relocatable

not

~re

LOGICAL. form

RECORDS.

been

three

either

are

all

that

maintained

divorced

classes The

LSEG

Data

PHYSICAL

DATA

RECORD

address

records:

DATA

with

a SEGDEF

allows

Relocatable

or

it from

of data and

bytes

GROUP

bytes

ENUMERATED

LOGICAL

RECORD

the

DATA

in

has

been

GROUP

DATA

of

information,

from

(PIDATA).

at

which

ENU~ERATED

(LIOATA).

record.

loqical

records

loqical

assiqned

informntion.

records,

the

"unnamed

all

LSEG's,

DATA

The the

The

DATA

or

DATA

an

are

11

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.~

absolute

or

ENUMERATED

of

representinq

A

8086 probably for

loadinq records DATA

not are

records

Throughout

An

index

collection

INDEX,

SEGMENT

INDEX.)

The

special

(e.q.,

absolute

specifies

"Decline

relocatable,

and

ITERATED

the

loader

be

able

LDATA

sometimes

are

called

the

is

an

of

such

INDEX,

(Note) index

meaning

a

Seqment

pseudo-segment;

to

actual can

to

maintain

Records.

uNon-Loadable

808~-OMF

integer

items.

GROUP

An

index

value

dependant

I~dex

the

"Untyped

state"»

are

found

attributes

data

load

Thus,

called

INDICES

specification,

that

(Exhaustive

INDEX,

is

zero

of

~

in

bytes.

RDATA

the

"Loadable

selects

EXTERNAL

normally

is

upon

zero

a

U

type

(End

of

LOGICAL

within

or

PDATA

LSEG

table

Relocatable

DATA

"

d

DATA

some

list

a

reserved,

the

specifies

Type

(which

Note)

DATA

the

classes

information

records,

records.

"index

particular

of

INDEX,

positive

and

type

the Index is

different

RECORDS.

Records, and

U

Physical

fields

examples:

TYPE

number.

may

carry

of

·Unnamed, of

are

two

but

reauired

and

item

INDEX,

a

index

zero from

The

ways

will DATA

Logical

occur.

from

NA~E

BLOCK

a

In

larger

contain

indices

The

only)

If

byte

the

occupying

between follows:

order

7

general,

than

no

indices

will

hiqh-order

determines

bit

one

0

the

bits

255). be

encoded

is

byte.

and

low-order

are

indices

Nevertheless, with

values

(left-most)

whether

0,

then

If

the

32K-l,

8

in

the

first

must

in

1

assume

or

the

bit

occupyinq

bits

byte.

a

qreater

2

the

index is

are

values

qreat

bytes,

bit

index

1,

two

in

number

than

as

of

the

occupies

is

a

then

bytes,

the

quite

50 required:

first

number the

second

of

or

one

index

and

byte,

larqe

ob;ect

100.

(and

hyte

between

is

determined and

(i.e.,

files

Therefore,

possibly

or

0

and

a the

much will

the

two.

127,

number

as

hiqh-

12

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

A

translator,

(see

Appendix

8086 data: of

two

address

defining

CONCEPTUAL

"Fixup"

is

performed

4

(Note)

represents Nevertheless. modifications

not

conform

bindinq or

software

modification

code definition disparaqe

sense.

and/or

(l)

the

possible

to

which

a

context

is

of

treated

,End

place

some

for

Examples)

This

the

viewpoint

the

of

to

code

floatinq

to

of

object

of

8089

and

fixup

LOCATION

within

FRAMEWORK

modification

by

the

R&L

definition

R&L

system

object

this

an as "fixup"

definition.

to

either

operation

if

it

is

code

Note)

translators type

of

MODE'S.

must

be

which

for

to

object

system,

of

maintained

can

be

code

point

(i.e.,

of

hardware

subroutines,

code,

were

not

an

address.

intended

modifications

specify

a LOCATION

(3)

made

the

a TARGET,

to

reference

FIXUP's

code,

achievinq

"fixup-

by

the

used

dfixups")

For

where

a

to

refer,

takes

accurately R&L to

example.

floatinq

the

The

to

disallow

in

the

fixup

be

fixed

which

and

requested

address

system.

achieve that

point

is

operation

above wider

by

qivinq

up,

is

(4)

place.

bindinq.

do

the

a

or

(2)

a a

by

four

one

mem(cy

FRAME

a

LOCATION

OFFSET,

(remember byte word

a HIBYTE,

The

vertical

"Nith of

the

a

pointer

There

that

hiqher

are and

a LOBYTE:

Pointer:

Base:

Offset:

Hibyte:

Lobyte:

alignment

the

hiqh address):

(and

5

types

orner

R~L

of

LOCATION: a POINTER, a BASE,

+----+----+----+----+

+----+----+

I ,

+----+----+

I I

+----+----+

+----+

I I

+----+

I I

+----+

of

this

byte

(1)

~oesn't

diaqram of

a

B.~SE

care

a

if

word

is the

illustrates

in

q~8~

merely

low

order

me~ory

the

hi1h word

4

points is

the

':)rder

of

the

an

13

8086

Object

Module

Formats

version

4.0

pointer word follows OFFSET

(4)

a

doesn't

types specified Record; LOCAT

MODE

-

relative-.

used relative

TARGET -

explicitly,

the

object ways. primary

NU~BER

is

present

of

a

pointer

or

not);

(and

LOBYTE

care

R&L

is

if

A LOCATION

the

LOCATION

by

(2)

is

field R&L

of

supports

Self-relative

in

the

CALL, JUMP

fixups

The

TARGET

the

beinq There way

'X',

are

of

specifyinq

and

or

(3) doesn't merely the

hiQh

is

is,

the

LOC specified the

FIXUPP

2

fixups

support

is

the

TARGET

referenced.)

4

a

displacement

not):

(and

R&L

a HIBYTE

Nare

the

low

order

specified

and

subfield by

the

Record.

kinds

of

support

and

all

other

location

may

-primarya

TARGET

(2)

an

doesn't

is

merely

if

the

order

half

-by 2 data:

(2)

where

DATA

fixups:

SHORT-JUMP

be

considered

A TARGET

ways,

'0':

OFFSET

the

low

order

half

follows

the

of

the

RECORD

dself-relative~

the

8-

addressinq

in

MAS

is

and

uses

2

is

merely

care

hiqh

of

or

(1)

if

half

an not).

which

the

order

precedes

OFFSET

LOCATION

LOCAT

OFFSET

and

beina

to

field

subfield

16-bit

instru~tions.

modes

of

referenced.

be

the

specified

4

~secondary-

data:

an

the high

low order

half

or

order

of

not);

(and

of

the

above

is.

of

the

(1)

FIXUPP

of

and

dseqment-

offsets

that

Seqment-

the

8086.

(More lowest in

one

ways.

byte

of

-Each

INDEX-or-FRAME-

word

an

R&L

5

is

the

are

in

8

(T0) X

LSEG

the lowest

followinq External

FRAME

identified

(TI)

first

(T2)

(T3)

identified

in

X

byte

MAS.

X

the

Name

X

is

a

by

is

a

in

is

an

byte

identified

a

SEGMEN'r

GROUP

EXTERNAL

FRAME by

(X*16)+D).

Each

the

INDEX-or-FRAME-NUMBER X.

is

assumed:

(T4)

in

the

(TS)

in

the

lowest

secondary

X

LSEG

LSEG in

~AS.

is

a

identified

X

is

in

the

SEGMENT

a

the

INDEX. INDEX.

the

LSEG

whose

NUMBER.

the

way

by

GROUP

specified

INDEX.

by

the

FRAME

of

specifyinq

INDEX.

the

INDEX.

The

in

the

address

INDEX.

The

NUMBER

An

INDgX.

qroup

The

TARGET

qroup

The

TARGET

(i.e.,

implicit

The

TARGeT

The

TARGET

is

that

TARGET

is

(eventually)

is

the

a TARGET

displacement

is

that

is

the

O'th

is

eventually

is

the

address

uses

the

eventually

O'th

the

O'th

only

0'th

~'th

byte

O'th

qiven

byte

of

TARGET

1

equal

(first).byte

(first)

in

the

followinq

LOCATE'd

byte

hy

the

in

the

datum:

to

zero

byte

LOCATE'd

is

14

R986

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.9

(T6)

address

X

is

(eventually

is

INDEX.

(T7)

address

The

Here

TARGET:

X

is

(X*l6).

following

TARGET:

TARGET: TARGET: TARGET: TARGET: TARGET: TARGET:

are

SI(CODE)

is

SI«seqment

GI«qroup

EI«symbol <FRAME SI«seqment

GI«qroup

EI«symbol <FRAME

some

TARGET: GI(DATAAREA)

an

a

FRAME

nomenclature

examples

,1024

EXTERNAL

qiven

NUMBER.

name»

INDEX.

by)

the

External

The

TARGET

is

used

,<displacement>

The

to

NUM9ER>,<displacement>

name»

NUMBER>

of

how

The

the

a

qroup

this

notation

l025th segment

location

called

TARGET

Name

is

the

describe

byte

in

·CODE" in

MAS

-DATAAREA

is identified

byte

a TARGET:

(T0] (TIl [T21 (T3] (T41 (T51

(T~l

(T71

can

be

of

the

d

byte

whose

used:

whose

by

the

20-bit

TARGET:

TARGET: TARGET: EI(PAYSCHEDULE)

Altnouqh

the

same

TARG8T, discussed arithmetic.

FRAME -Every

some seqment

FRAME;

register. reference, respect fixup below.

as

above.

to

specifies

Some

This reference independently

EI(SIN)

8000H,24H

-TARGET: their

below

8086

in

memory

where

it

must

which

FRAME

such

ways

Other

is

may

use

ways

not

be of

the

In

order

know

the

a

FRAME, a require

the

case

to

FRA~E.

,24

SICA)"

use

section

reference

FRAME

for

not

reference

datum,

of

any

location

the

subroutine MAS the

location

EXTERNAL

called

and

can

is

R&L

only

in

one

X,

which

no

datum.

an

8089

The

address

location

24th

byte of data

dPAYSCHEOULE-

"TARGET:

have

on

different

intermediate

to

a

desiqnated

to

form a correct,

what

the

is

of

5

is

self-relative within

only

of

the

·SIN" 800248

followinq

an

structure

SI(A)

location

by

TARGET heinq ways

(F0,

an

INDEX-or-FRAME-NUMBER,

an

restriction

external

,0"

effects,

values

contained

the

content

is,

made.

•••

8089

the

both

usable but

also

Thus

,F5)

described

reference.

is

that

specify

as

in

fixup

within

of

some

memory

with

every

The

proaram,

the

is

15

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

displacement To

indicate

is

introduced.

Below

frames:

(Fe)

the

LSEG

(FI)

defined

the

by

qroup

(F2)

External

LSEG,

canonic

reference

Group.

subfield

symbol's

between

this

is

x

defined

X

is

the

that

X

is

Name's

(F2a)

and

(F2b)

type

the

is

a

by

a

GROUP

descriptlon

SEGMENT

group

is

eventually

an

EX'rERNAL

public

The

there

FRAME

The

to The of

the

definition.

the

of

the

(i.e

definition

is

an

FRAME

PUBDEF

LOCATION fixup,

INDEX.

••

the

LOCATE'd

INDEX.

symbol

no

associated

specified. symbol

LSEG,

is

Record

and

the

a

7th

way

of

the

The

FRAME

The

canonic

FRA~E

FRAME

lowest

The

FRAME

is

found.

is

defined

is

defined

and

there

speci~ied

(a.v.)

TARGET

(F6)

seven

is

defined

in

is

There

relative

Group.

absolutely,

is

no

by

the that

must

of

specifyinq

ways

the

canonic

the

MAS).

determined

are

The

associated

FRAME

qives

be

within

of

specifying

canonic

by

the

3

cases:

to

some

LSEG's

without

NUMBER

the

a

FRAME

LSEG

when

32K.

frame

of

FRAME

in

the

there

the

GROUP (F3) CF4)

containing a

PEDATA

~contained~

(F2)

the

above,

DATA

(FS)

X No

LOCATION.

Record

Record.

No

cases:

this

(F2c)

is

Group

is

a

X.

in

taking

X.

(FSa)

case,

(FSb)

case.

(FSc)

case.

Reqardless

an

associated is

INDEX FRAME

The

or

an

LSEG:

the

'fhe

The

the

The

the The

the

specified. subfield

NUMBER

FRA~E

(If

LOCATION

a PIDATA

in

FRAME

FRA~E

is

TARGET

FRAME

is

TARGET

FRAME

is

TARGET FRAME

is

of

how

Group.

of

the

(specifying

is

the

Record

this

case

NUMBER

determined

specified

determined

specified

determined

specified

determined

The

(The

is

specified

from

the

symbol

canonic

qroup

PUBDEF

the

canonic

(a.v.»,

the

FRAME

the

by

the

a

SEG~ENT

as

a

as

an

EXTERNAL

~s

is

specified

Record

obvious

FRAME absolutely

is

FRAME

TARGET.

in

(F0)

GROUP

in

(Fl)

in

(F2)

is

defined,

FRAME

(q.v.).)

FRAME).

of

then

determined

NU~BER

INDEX:

above.

INDEX:

above.

INDEX:

above.

of

by

the

(i.e.,

it

field

There

in

is

LSEG

as

are

in

not

in

of

4

,

l~

8886

Object

Module

Formats

Verslon

4.8

FRAME in

(F6)

R&L

that siqned TARGET

an

displacement

20-bit

Nomenclature

nomenclature

FRAME:

FRAME: FRAME: FRAME: FRAME:

FRAME:

In

practice,

the

FRAME

FRAME by a seqment LSEG

of

containinq

(FSd)

NUMBER:

(F3)

No

above.

X.

8089

address

for

SI«seqment GI«group

EI«symbol

<FRAME

LOCATION

TARGET

NONE

specified

the

LSEG

relative

The

in

There

self-relative

between must

describing

TARGET's,

NUMB~R>

for

by

a

containinq

reference

the

TARGET.

TARGET

this

is

no

be

case

computed.

viz:

name»

an

808~

self-relative

This

is

specified the

FRAME. reference the

LOCATION

FRAME's

memory

the

LOCATION,

will

be

will

FRAME

This

is

similar

reference,

reference

the

be

further

with

is

determined

is

a to 20-bit

will

and

the

canonic

an

explicit

way

to

be

processed.

address

to

[FA1

[F11 [F21

[F3]

{F41

[F51

[F6]

it

is be

FRAME

explained

as

indicate

and

the

likely the

canonic

specified

of

below.

to

A

the

above

that

the

A

self-relative implicitly following reference,

block

Proqram

reference)

For are there

outside

is address position

For 32K unique

from

l6-bit

TARGET.

If

LOCATION

If

the

range

displacement

defined

LOCATION

the

•

8086

self-relative the

a

uniaue

implicitly

of

TARGET

8089

self-relative

LOCATION,

siqned

the

LOCATION

modulo

LOCATION {-128:l27},

is

by

8086

IP

pointer)

specified

l6-bit

in

~553~:

added

SELF-RELATIVE

fixup

operates

LOCATION:

(because

(Instruction

is

references,

FRAME,

displacement

defined

the

by

FRAME.

references

R&L

qives

displacement

is

an

no

errors

is

a LOBYTE,

otherwise

to

LOCATION

namely at

pointing

LOCATION,

a

OFFSET,

are

the

modulo

FIXUPS '

as

follows:

the

time

Pointer)

to

if

R&L

qives which,

(F~),

warninq.

between

the

reported.

displacement

R&L

will

25~.

A

address

of

or

the

either

byte

a

warninq.

LOCATION

when

will

if

yield

TARGET

Otherwise,

the

LOCATION

displacement

qive

memory

of

a

self-relative

8989

following

added

the

is

must

a

warninq.

address

the

TP

or

TARGET

Otherwise,

to

relative

not

within

there

and

is

added

be

within

is

byte

(Task

the

is

the

to

The

a

17

8086

Object

what

defined

A

neqative

FRAME

defined

If

this then to

fixup

65536)

to

the

Module

If

the

LOCATION

the

translator

by

LINK-86

seqment-relative

l~-bit

specified

as

the

signed

R&L

will

LOCATION

(1)

if

LOCATION

to

the

high

to

the

low

(2)

if

LOCATION

BASE;

FOVAL

Formats

and/or

number, by

the

distance

20-bit

report

in

order

is

a BASE. POINTER.

had

in

mind,

LOCATE-86

EPS·s.

and

or

the

SEGMENT-RELATIVE FIXUPS

fixup FBVAL,

fixup,

number

an

the

following

is

a POINTER"

word

is

a BASE,

from

is

error.

of

operates

is

defined

and

a

the

less

Otherwise

fashion:

of

POINTER,

POINTER.

then

in

signed base

than

then

FBVAL

the

as

of

0

and

ignored.

HIBYTE.

action

followinq

the

20-bit

the or

qreater

FBVAL

FOVAL

is

added

FRAME

number,

FRAME

and

is

Version

it

is

taken

way:

NUMBER

FOVAL,

to

the

than

FOVAL

added

(modulo

unclear

by

R&L

a of

TARGET.

65535,

are

(modulo (modulo

~5536)

4.0

is

non-

the

is

used

(3)

65535)

to

(4)

(modulo

division

(5)

(modulo

The

that,

if assumed warninq

order

messaqe.

to intermediate

values

are

Record.

if

the

if

LOCATION

25~)

is

dinteqer

if

LOCATION

256)

8086

a

TARGET

FRAME,

perform

values

The

LOCATION

OFFSET;

FBVAL

is

to

the

division

is

to

the

LOBYTE; FaVAL

IN'rERMEDIATE

Object

can

not

then

that

This

this

checkinq,

of retained followinq

is

an is

a HIBYTE,

HI8YTEi

d

•

a LOBYTE,

VALUES

Module

be

accessed

failure

checkinq

its

address either diaqram

OFFSET.

ignored.

then

FBVAL

i.e

••

then is

iqnored.

in

FIXUP ARITHI\1ETIC

Formats

can

be

is

called

LINK-8~

arithmetic.

in

the

illustrates

then

(FOVAL /

is

the

remainder

(FOVAL

quarantee

from

detected

daccess

and DATA

three

FOVAL

is

25~)

iqnored.

is

modulo

255)

fixups

a

LOCATION and

R&L

verification·

LOCATE-8~

need

These

Record,

or

cases:

added

is

(The

indicated

discarded.)

is

in

the with

can

to

intermediate

in

the

(modulo

added

sense

the

issue

l

In

•

retain

FIXUP

a

18

808~

Object

~odule

Formats

Version

4.9

<----

+------+

+n

in

or

+------+

q

or

+------+

q

+------+

a

"secondary"

FIXUP

the

or

a separately, a POINTER.)

be

non-negative

to

a verification

or

Case

Record, DATA word.

specification

OATA

Record

---->

<---

+------+------+

+n

+-------+

+-~----+------+

1

illustrates

way.

so

Record.

(If

so

In

incorporates

...

------+

q

No

arithmetic

As

tha

LOCATION

the

above

Case

1,

numbers

of

a

the

situation

explicit

must

diagram

is

a POINTER,

diagram

the

value(s)

("+n"',

displacement the

<null>

+------+----~~+

displacement

be

and

value

in

FIXUP

+n

where

done

shows,

applies

in are

"+n".

Record

a

in

the

arithmetic

separately

LOCATION

considered

'0';

--->

fixup

10'

LOCATION

thus

is

LOCATION

is

are

to the

<---

specified

provided

itself,

may

on

to

considered

each

be

equivalent

R&L

be a byte

Case

in

half

access

1

2

3

in

the

in

of

to

Case

a

"primary" FIXUP number

complete, validity or value complement;

final

instead {0:65535}, ranqe be

allows

in

is

location, best

the REFERENT

Record.

("+n-).

modulo

g

d

"

staqe

Case

{-1,048,576:1,048,575}.

supported.

support,

a

"primary" Here

necessary

First, made TARGET

2

the

by

may

3

of

may

are

with clear

is

illustrates

wa:'.

This

When

resultant

R&L,

65536)

of

is

is the

be

R&L

the the

beinq

represent It way,

some

or

desirable:

yet

respect

by

the

location

and

with

An

explicit

displacement

all

then,

to

the

considered

doesn't

fixup.

same

is

cases

another

an

24'th

as

restricted

signed

desiqned

R&L

with

negative

~here

to

example:

TARGET: EI(STRUCT)

named

the

situation

displacement

arithmetic

value

finally,

oriqinalcontent

care

Case

access

definition:

which

byte

(in

as

because

2, to

(Note:

into

a

in

after

"STRUCT"

where

is

considered

required

the

FIXUP

that

non-negative,

except

non-negative

(2's

the

verification,

displacefl\ents

"primary"

result

there

complement)

initially, formats

a -REFERENT"

TARGE'r

the

specification

,24

the

location itself.

a

fixup

'0'

is

to

Record)

is

of

LOCATION

or

is

no

that

is

the

numbers

for

of

101.)

specification

positioned.

named "STRUCT";

is

specified provided be a non-neqative

by

the is

added

as

checkinq

displacement

in

numbers

this TARGET'S

case

completeness:

is

in

fixup

checked

(modulo

C'q").

siqned

in

the

in

will

specified

of

a

TARGET

a

memory

This

in

the

is for 256 The 2's

this

'0',

range

the not

it

is

the

19

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

(1)

this

The

case,

reason

located,

Thus, Now

is

LINK-8~

the

eventually LOCATION; Thus,

as

various

maintain

translator

for

LINK-86

(2)

REFERENT. external register translator

and

place access TARGET

is

A 5 HORT-JMP

the

TARGET

is

that

it

will

probably

will

programmer

LOCATE'd,

however,

LINK-86

pieces

the

The array

that

must

to

For

will

would

of offset.

provide

maintain

translator example,

ARY, use

FRAME:

TARGET:

the

dneqative

verification

not

guaranteed,

should

TARGET:

when

convert

may

this

maintains

LSEG

contain

SI(FOO) EI(ARY)

to

is

being

be

EI(subroutine)

LINK-86

be

a

the

. TARGET:

be

correct

the

does

A

are

not combined,

Since

an

offset

intermediate

wishes

if

the

and

the

,0000H

offset-

the

and

made

to

an

specified

learns

known

above

TARGET

the

offset

TARGET

SI(A)

in

dknowinq·

mean

(possibly

,dl

will

that

it

the

LOCATION

field

in

fixup

to

reference

TARGET

is

the

reference

address

FFFEH

of

in

LOCATION.

REFERENT ARY:

is

the

programmer's

external

as

,0000H

where

(dl)

to

dl changing) needs

the

values.

word

is

with

the

LSEG

however,

subroutine.

be

the

within

the that

within

is

subroutine

some

form:

when

128

less

value

a

full

is

a

sinqle

fixup

·backwards~

in

record

front

respect

named

R&L

will

access

responsibility.

the

than

LSEG

proqram

bytes

of word

byte,

itself

from

of

to

a

FOO,

perform

to

l28!

dl

base

In

is

A.

of as

to

the

the the

the

Note:

translator

if

could

FRAME: TARGET:

and

R&L

would

(as

above),

(2)

quantities:

(say,

BAZ)

but

(continued)

the containing

BAZ. LOCATE-86

difference

(location

is

not into fixup

this

as

qreater

difference

FRAME:

TARGET: then linkaqe LOCATION because

a

translator'S

LINK-86

positive

would

to

linkaae) itself, the

R&L

~5534,

intentions.

Case

use

perform

to

the

MAS-location

can

of

SAZ

than

SI(FOO) EI(ARY)

have

where system

the

3

in

SI(FOO) EI(ARY)

access

actual

The

ARY,

enforce

plus

~5535r

are

known.--rl~he

had relative it

qets

cannot

access

the

above

,-2

verification,

TARGET

calculation

of

and

that

relative

provided

to

maintain

~added~

know

verification

FOO,

the

offset)

offset

if

diaqram

(in

front

the

relative

final

that translator

the

of to the

were

not

to

the

of

ARY)!

by

LOCATE-Sfi

MAS-location

offset

offset,

-

(location

all

quantities

had

(possibly

ARY

the

FFFEH

of

within

content

was

R~L

available,

REFERENT

of of

which

of

specified

chanqinq

BAZ.

FFFEH.

a

neoative

may

thNart

involves

the

ARY

within

is

FOO)

r

enterinq

in

the

ARY

LSEG

the

from

the

And

2

or

the

3

20

8086

Object

Module

Formats

version

4.9

~he

works

whether

(3)

REFERENT, FRAME.

external

R&L

will

the

190'th

constraint

FRAME

of

(4)

in

that Only used

after

as truncation is

LOCATE'd.

followinq

The

and

For

example,

structure

FRAME: TARGET:

ensure

miqht

FOO.)

Hibyte

a

full

a

fixup

of

example

the

TARGET

translator

to

ensure

we

STRCT.

SI(FOO) EI(STRCT)

that

byte

of

be

the

achieved

fixups

word

is

LOCATE'inq

value.

low

byte

(3)

specification

wishes

that

wish

to

The

,99

distance.

STRCT

even

specified

used

will

This before

to

the prevents

is

a

to

the

TARGET

reference

translator

from

is

less

if

in

accumulate

value

addinq

case

is

reference

the

than

STRCT

a

primary

of the the

where

~primary~

lies

the

may

canonic lies

access

·forwards~

within

l00'th

specify

FRAME

6553~.

outside

way

the

value

the

hibyte

loss

address

of

accuracy

at

verification

or

·secondary-:

the

byte

the

of

(Note

the

will of

an

of

an

which

from

specified

in

fixup

Foa

that

canonic

be

correct

offset.

offset

due

an

object

a

an

as

to

this

be to

21

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

A

object

modules,

defined

object

records provide syntactic

CACM,

object~file

sequence library

module

tmod lmod

rmod

or

as

a records. to

form a module.

information

description

November

RECORD

code

a

collection

= =

module

= LIBHEO

= tmod I lmod I rmod =

=

file

library

The

about

1977,

sequence

THEADR

LHEADR

RHEADR

v

must

containing

of

followinq

lan~uage

20,

I

{module}.

{module}

sqr;_table sQr.table sgr_table

contain

object

In

addition,

how

to

nIl,

library.

1ibtail.

used

ORDER

zero

code

syntax

interpret

p

822

omod.

{data} {data}

a

seauence

or

more

defined

shows

the

herein

-

823.

{component}

It_component} It_component}

of

modules.

by

the

qiven

record

is

defined

a

valid

semantic

(one

sequence.

modtail. modtail.

or

A

module

sequence

orderinqs

in

modtail.

more)

is

of

rules

The

WIRTH:

omod sqr.

table sqor.table seQ.qrp o.

component

t~component

component

data

debuq.

content thread

data

record

def

record

=

= = =

=

= =

RHEADR

seq~grp

seq

{LNAMES} {data}

THEADR

data content

LOCSYM I LINNUM

data

FIXUPP.

LIDATA I LEDATA

sqor_table

qrp

REDATA

{OVLDEF} {SEGDEF}

It_component}

{co~ponent}.

I

debuq.

..

def

TYPDEF

BLKDEF I BLKENO record

(containinq

record.

thread·def

PUBDEF

{FIXUPP}.

I HIDATA.

{o,:.component} [REGINT1. [REGINT1.

{

TYPDEF I EXTDEF

ENOREC.

I

I Ex'rDEF.

I

DEBSYM

only

I PIDATA I

I

I ENOREe.

thread

fields)

PEDATA

I

GRPDEF

o·modtail.

}.

o

modtail

22

=

{OVLDEF}

modtail.

808~

mod

tail

libtail

Object

Module

Formats

= [REGINT1

=

LIBNAM

MODEND.

LIBLOC

LIBDIC.

Version

4.9

NOTE:

are

not

section The

following

1.

A FIXUPP

2.

The named

3.

All

precede

4.

COMENT

first

or

5.

OVLDEF and MODEND records order the

The

character

literals

defininq

debug

by

LNAMES,

records

or

within

records

qroup

records),

of

first

but the

rules

record

apply: always

records

the

nearest

SEGDEF, GRPDEF, TYPDEF,

all

records

may last a

record

libtail.

may

definitio~s

must

these

be

records

OVLDEF

strinqs

are

Record

have

precedinq

that

appear

app~ar

but

not

equal

record

represented

identifiers

Formats.

refers as

their

refer

anywhere

in

a

file

either or at

both

to

must

be

pointinq

that

to

the

originatinq

THEADR

to

or

immediately

at

the places.

the

number

same

to

by

are

them.

within module,

end

as the

capital

further

and

a

within

(before

The

of

0

the

'root'"

letters

defined

DATA

record.

module

EXTDE~

file,

except a

after

the

number

components,

-0,

component

part.

above

in

the

records

content~def,

the

module

as

seqment

REGINT

of

OVLDEF

and

must

the

and the

order,

6

•.

As

with

at

the

beqinninq OVLDEF's there

can

the

if not

OVLDEF

of

any)

be

two

records,

a

or

at

REGINT

module

the

(after

end

records

REGINT

(before

in

record

SEGDEF's,

the

MODEND

the

same

may

appear

GRPDEF's,

module.

record),

either

and

but

23

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

The

schematic

conventions:

** * * * * * *

*

* TYP * *

* * * * * *

***********************1//*********1111***********

TITLE

At

the

with

programs, products, abbreviation abbreviation

an

official

followinq

form.

!~~B~P~~TION.to.

paqes

Here

present

is

SAMPLE,

...

-.

--

..

the.

a

sample,

RECORD

----

- .

(SAMREC)

RECORD

diaqrams

FORMAT

*********************111*********

*

RECORD

REC

LENG'rH

xxH

* * * * *

and

OFFICIAL

top including

and

should

is

the

abbreviation. various always

ABBREVIATION

name

translators,

tools

be

6

letters.

NAME

* *

I I

+----rpt----+

of

the

Record

To

promote

such

used

in

both

* *

debuqqers,

as

FO~MATS

of

Record

to

illustrate

II I 1***********

NUMBER

Format

uniformity

EDOJ9~

code

Described,

and

documentation.

*

the

CHK SUM

among

Formats the

various

*

toqether

various

OJED8~,

in

R&L the

The

'fhe

Each boxes, The

wide bytes slashes

one asterisks,

represent

255,

the

or

REC

The

indicatinq RECORD

The

record,

NAME

BOXES

outlined

boxes,

each.

in

more,

'ryp

second

format

The

the

depending

but

4-byte

first

LENGTH

exclusive

is

entirely

outlined

wide

top

and

with

fields.

byte

which

field

drawn

boxes,

bottom,

four

in

record

in

of

with entirely

upon

vertical

each

each the

boxes

with

outlined

represent

content.

record

type

record

first

of -two

asterisks,

with

The

bars

contains

the

record

contains

2

fields.

sizes.

represent

~sterisks,

asterisks,

a

variable wide

in

is.

the

boxes,

the

a

value

number

represent

but

number

top

The

sinqle

with

of

outlined

and

between

of

bytes

narrow bytes.

two

three

bytes,

with

bottom,

~

and

in

24

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

Any

structure:

inclusive, field. byte set: translators strictlY1 all

where byte

byte,

fields

indicated

some

.1

cond i tional"

The

must

current

NUMBER

A

4-byte

the

(lowest

etc. REPEATED Some

that

Similarly,

qiven

field

the

that remaininq represent

{

?(rl:.

will

the

above

processors.

first

address),

OR

portions

may

by

the

condition

or d cond"

that

1st

indicates

0l2345f;789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

NUMBER

8

bits

CONDITIONAL FIELDS

MrepeatedM

some

byte

bytes

choose set

of

a

be

portions

is

indicates

contains

are

the

Ascii

to

has

been

field

(least-siqnificant)

the

Record

repeated

or

true;

br

ackets

a

the

interpreted

code

constrain

chosen

represents

0

-rPt-

of

a

these

below

number

or

Record

~NAMEd

a

number

of

a

to

8

bits

contain more

brackets

fields

the

has

the

of

remaininq

as

character the

McoverM

a

32-bit

are

a

times.

below

Format

are

boxes.

between

a

byte

character

stored

field

are

indicated

followinq

bytes

string1

drawn

}.

that

unsiqned

Such

in

or

the

present

required

portions boxes.

0

from

set

the the

series

by

internal

and

in

each this Most

more

inteqer,

first

second

are

only

simIlar

40, the

by

of

if

CHK

The

the

2's

record.

equals

BI'r

Descriptions

the

bit

drawn

indicate

bit-fields

SUM last

complement

Therefore,

0.

FIELDS

level.

throuqh

bit

field

boundaries,

of

3-,

of

of Boxes them,

1-,

irt

each

the

contents

outlined

represent

and

sum

thus

4-bits:

record

(modulo

of

in

the

is

a

check

256)

25~)

fields asterisks, bytes

byte,

or

of

will

words;

represented

*************************

*

*************************

sum,

all

sometimes

but

* *

*

other

bytes

with

the

which

bytes

in

vertical vertical below,

the

qet

contains

in

the

record

down

lines lines

has

to

3

25

8986

Object

Module

Formats

version

4.0

Every

HEADER original encountered or

MODULE

This

can

translators.

be

***********************///***********

* * * * *

*

REC

*

TYP

*

80H

* * * * *

***********************///***********

module

RECORD.

defining

in

the

END RECOR[.

record

the

first

*

output

Its

module

can

T-MODULE

RECORD LENG'fH

from

purpose

for

up

also record,

serve

HEADER

(THEAi5R)

* T

*

MODULE

*

a

translator

is all to

line

the

as

and

RECORD

NAME

to

provide

numbers

followinq

the

header

will

*

CHK

* SUI" *

* *

must

be

for

*

have

the

identity

and

T-MODULE

for

a

module

modules

aT-MODULE

local

HEADER

i.e

r

output

of

the

symbols

RECORD

••

it

from

T-MODULE

The

T-MODULE

NAME

provides

a

name

for

the

T-Module.

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

Every earlier) record

(output) form from the

those

LIS86

The

module

or

by

serves

by

LINK-86/LOCATE-86.

another

of

proqram,

L-MODULE

Lr~ODULE,

HEADER

(LHEADR)

RECORD

***********************///***********

* * * * *

*

REC

*

TYP

*

RECORD

LENGTH

*

L-MODULE

*

NAME

*

CHK

SU~

*

* 82H * * * *

* * * * *

***********************///***********

previously

LOCATE-8~

only

module, the

NAME

linked

for

NAME

to

the

example).

provides

may

identify

new

modules,

created

have

When

module

a

an

L-MODULE

a

several requires

by

which

name

by

module

for

(cross)

HEADER

that

modules

a

it

can

the

name,

L-Module.

LINK-86

has

are

be

referred

RECORD. been

perhaps

processed

linked

(Vl.3

unique

to

or

This

to

(by

27

8~8~

Object

Module

Formats

"er~

ion

4.,

~

R-~ODULE

HEADER

(RHEADR)

RECORD

***********************///*********///*********///***********

* * * * * * *

*

REC

*

TYP

*

* 6EH *

RECORD LENG'fH

*

R-MODULE

*

NAME

*

R-MODULE

* * ATTR

*

R-MOOULE

* INFO

*

* CHK * *

SUI.,

* *

* * * * * * * ***********************///*********///*********///***********

Every HEADER been

module When module modules,

example).

processed

several

R-MODULE

The

module

RECORD.

(output)

attributes

modules

requires

by

which

NAME

R-~ODULE

created This

and

are

a

name,

it

can

NAME

by

LINK-8~/LOCATE-8~

record

by

LINK-86/LOCATE-86. gives linked

be

provides

serves

information

to perhaps referred

a

name

to

form

unique to

for

identify

on

another

(by

the

may

It

memory

from the

LIB8~

R-Module.

have a

also

module,

those

an

module

specifies

usaqe

of

proqram,

and

the

*

R-MODULg that

the

has the

need.

new

linked

for

R-MODULE

The

attributes,

************************·******~·~~************I'

* * * * * *

* * * * * * * ***********************************************1 I I 1*****

The

Zis

assigned

R-MODULE

MOD

*

OAT

*

~OD

indicates

a

function.

ATTR

and

SEGil\ENT RECORD

*

COUNT

OAT

ATTR

has

the

field following

GROUP

* *.

RECORD

COUNT

*

provides

format:

*

information

OVERLAY

RECORD

COUNT

* * * * *

sunfield

has

the

followinq

format:

*********************************

* , , I t I

*Z,

* I , I , ,

*********************************

that

Z I

these

These

z,

bits

Z,

l-bit

Z I Z

are

fields

reauired

TYP

I *

have

to

on

OVERLAY RECORD OFFSET

*

not

be

various

I 1*****

currently

zero.

module

* * *

been

28

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

TYP

semantics

TYP=0 TYP=l

TYP=2

TYP=3

The

Segment

The

Definition

The Overlay Definition

The

contains

relative Definition OVERLAY

is

a

are

defined

The The other The

It

can

The

It

can

fixups

SEGMENT

Definition

GROOP

Records

OVERLAY

Definition

Record

OVERLAY

a

32-bit

to

the

Record

RECORD

2-bit

module

than

module

be

module

be to

RECORD

Records

RECORD

in

RECORD

for

RECORD

unsigned

start

in

COUNT

su~field

as

follows:

is

an

is

a

relocatable

base

is

fixups

a

Position

loaded

is

a

Load-Time

loaded

be

performed.

COUNT

in

COUNT the

module.

COUNT

Records

the

'Root').

OFFSET

number

of

the

module.

is

zero.

that

absolute

may anywhere. anywhere

subfield

the

module. subfield

subfield

in

the

indicatinq

the

specifies

module.

still

Independent

No

fixups

Locatable

with

indicates

module

subfield

object This

field

be

perhaps

indicates

is the

file,

the

module

Fixups

present.

Code are

needed.

Module.

some

the

number

(including

a

4-byte

location

of

the

must

module.

base

the

first

be

type.

number

of

number

Overlay

field. in

Overlay

zero

The

of

Group

of

It

bytes,

when

R-MODULE

The

unsiqned

of

memory

fo

rmat:

STATIC module. allocated

MAXIMU!"1 seqments S'rATIC SIZE) available STATIC

INFO

R-MODULE

numbers

space

*****1111*********1 *

STATIC

* *

SIZE

* *

INFO

specifyinq

that

*

ft4AXIMUM

*

STATIC

*

SIZE

* *

field

the

contains

different

module

1'1*********1111*********'

* * * * *

*****1111*********1111*********'

This

to

in

SIZE.

This

memory,

SIZE

the value and

is

the

module

S'fATIC

module.

(By

defaul only

the

total

the

mlnlmum

so

SIZE

is

This

t

MAXIJ\1UM

qives

loader

MAXIMUM

size

that

the

value

the may

STATIC

static

the

maximum STATIC

maximum

allocate

will

DYNAMIC STORAGE

111*********1111*****

of

module

must

SIZE.

a

types

need.

the

memory

can

total

be

qreater SIZE soace

any

sequence

and

It

sizes

has

I'

of

four

the

1*****

* *

MAXIMUM

*

DYNAMIC

*

STORAGE

* *

LTL

is

seqments

space

be

loaded. size

set

needed.

value

that

of

than

e~ual

Dependina between

or

32-bit

(in

bytes)

followinq

* * * *

in

must

the equal

to

STATIC

the

be

LTL

to on

the

29

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

buffer, value

miqht equal

is

set

DYNAMIC

for

dynamic

is

zero.

MAXIMUM

be

needed

to

DYNAMIC

equal

STORAGE

DYNAMIC

by

the STORAGE

to

DYNAMIC

is

the

expansion,

STORAGE

module.

STORAGE·

memory

etc

(By

default

value)

•••

is

This

space

)

the

.value

•

that

at

must

load-time.

maximum

must

MAXIMUM

be

dynamic

be

qreater

DYNAMIC

allocated

The

memory

STORAGE

(for

d&faUl·

that

than

value

or

30

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

This

followinq

Classes,

The

the

ordering

on

the

2,

3,

Segment

Name

Index

Names.

4,

Record

SEGDEF

Overlays

ordering

of

•••

Name

These

fields

LIST

------

OF·

NAMES.

(LNAMEST-'

RECORD

-"-'

...

***********************///***********

* * * * * *

REC

*

RECORD

* TYP *

*

9~H

LENGTH

* * * *

* * * * * ***********************///***********

provides

and

Names

Thus,

Index,

and/or

of

numbers

of

the

GRPDEF

Groups.

LNAMES

within these

Class

SEGDEF

names Name

*

NAME

* * SUM *

I 1

+----rpt----+

of

a

list

Records

each are

and

LNAMES are used

Index,

GRPDEF

Names

as

the

within

Record,

considered

as Overlay

Records.

*

CHK

names

a

module,

dName

Name

*

that

induces to

Indices

may

of

toqether

be

numbered:

Index

be

used

Seqments,

an

orderinq

d

in

and

in

with

1,

the

Group

lenq

This

th.

repeatable

field

provides

a

name.

which

may

have

zero

11

808~

Object

Module

formats

Version

4.0

SEG~ENT

DEFINITION.

(SEGDEF)

RECORD

**********************///*****************///*******///*******///********** * *

*

REC 'r'll'

98H

* * * *

* *

RECORD LENG'fH

*

SEGMENT

*

ATTR

* * *

* *

*

* SEGi-\EN'r * SEGMEN'r * CLASS

"*

LENG'fH

*

* *

*

NAME

INDEX

* * *

NAME INDEX

*

OVERLA'l *

*

NAME

*

INDEX

*

**********************///*****************///*******///*******///**********

I I

SEGI\1EN'r record the

(SEGMENT

seqment",

of

LOCATE-86, if

they

of

the

types

sequence

possibly

wish.) SEG, AT'rR The

segment,

INDEX

to

in

INDEX

which

disjoint

although

SEG

refer

which

0

is

ATTR

and

values

to

SEGDEF

is

reserved

not

really

regions

translators

field

has

the

1

throuqh

specific

Records

a

provides

followinq

+----c

to

seqment: of may

0 n d i t

327fi7,

LSEG's,

appear

indicate

it

memory;

create

information

forMat:

which

are

defined

in

the

is

a

it

is

portions

on

ion

are

used

the

·unnamed

possibly

normally

of

various

a

1----+

in

implicitly

object

absolute

empty

created

it

as

attributes

* *

CHK

*

SUM

* *

*

other

file.

well,

*

by

set

by

******************************************************* *

ACB

*

p

*

*******************************************************

The

ACBP

specifications.

A

(Alionment)

* *

*

FRAME

NUMBER

*

OFF * LTL

*

SET

*

* * *

+---conditional---+---

byte

contains

This

*

byte

*********************************

* I , *

* A C I B I P *

* , I *

*********************************

is

a

3-bit

*

* * * *

4

numbers,

has

OAT

con

the

following

subfield

* * *

MAXIMU,.,

*

SEG,..,EN'r

*

LENG'rH

*

* *

GROUP

OFFSET

* * *

* *

I

~

i t

the

that

A,

C, B,

format:

soecifies

ion

a 1

and

---+

P

the

attribute

aliqnment

32

d086

Object

Module

Formats

version

4.0

attribute

A=0 SEGDEF A=l

SEGDEF A=2 SEGDEF A=3 SEGDEF A=4 SEGDEF A=5 SEGDEF A=6 SEGDEF

aligned

In

addition

··conditional·· NUMBER

MAXIMU~

A<>5

and SEGMENT

then

C

combination must

have combined OFFSET's

For

relocatable

or

7

indicatinq

of

this

attribute

combined:

the

combination

and

let

MXY

gap

required

aliqnment

(combined)

and

let

followinq

offsets dy

in

dx'

Y:

of

the

LSEG.

describes

describes describes describes describes

describes

LSEG

fields

OFFSET

LENGTH,

the

three

(Combination)

attribute

combination

like

match

C=6

below

(For segments, how

is

Let

X,Y

of

denote

between attribute LSEG

dy

table

Zi

similarly

qives

and

dye

if

the

will

fields

NAME

of

zero

the

best

be X,Y. the

the

of

let

the

in

The

semantics

an

absolute

a

relocatable,

a

relocatable,

a

relocatable,

a

relocatable,

an

unnamed

a

load-time

not

member

value

be

present.

will

and

GROUP

INDEX

is

a

the

LSEG.

(C=0).

if

and

A=0

their

the

segment

qiven

LSEG's,

Let

LX

maximum

X-

and

Y.

dx

(0<=dx<LX)

be

lenqth

Z

for

absolute

of

A

be

present.

OFFSET

fields

3-bit

Absolute

In

only

if

complete

C

field

may

be

by

considerinq

and

let

and

LY

of

LX,LY.

Y-components

Let

LZ

be

the the

offset

LZ

bytes

of

are

defined

LSEG.

byte word paraqraph paqe

locatable

any

qroup.

determines

If

A=0

If

fields

will

be

subfield

seqments

this

case

their

names

encodes

combined.

Z

-be

the

be

the Let

of

denote

the

offset

in

the

combined

correspondinq

as

aliqned aliqned

aligned portion

(LTL),

if

or

A=5

A=6

will

present.

that the

FRAME

Must

a

number

The

how

LSEG

lenqths

G

be Z

to

the

Y

of

follows:

LSEG. LSEG.

aligned

LSEG. of

MAS.

paraqraph

one

or

then

be

the present.

specifies

(A=0

seqments

NUMBER's

match

0,1,2,4,5,6

interpretation

two

LSEG's

resulting

of

X

the

length accommodate length

in

X

of

a

byte.

LSEG

to

Z,

dx

LSEG.

several

the

LTL

or

will

as

and

of a Then and

in

FRAME

OAT,

the

A=5)

and

well).

are

from

of

any

the the

byte,

the the

X

and

If

be

Y,

The

indicates same the

LSEG above seqment

B

Seament

LENGTH

LZ

C

LX+LY+G

'2

4

LX+LY LX+LY

5

~

MXY

7

I~XY

above that

combination

so

that

all

other

semantics

(Big)

is

Lenqth

field

must

dx'

di-

dx dx+LY dx dx+MXY-LX

table

the

relocatable

semantics

LOCATE-8~

LSEG's

of

8080

a

I-bit

is

exactly

contain

~y~

dy+LX+G

dy

dy+LX

dy

dy+MXY-LY

has

no

as

will

in

R&L); C=3

subfield

zero.

lines LSEG C=6,

(in

MAS

which.

~4K

for

may

not

but

addition~lly

the

default

(this

is

undefined.

if

(6553fi).

C=0,

be

combined;

case)

corresponds

1,

indicates

In

this

C=l

or

C=3.

C=l

"distinquishes"

place

to

the

that

case

the

C=0

has

the

LSEG

MEMORY

the

SEGMENT

33

8086

Object

P

the

·(This

seqment

corresponds

The seqments, segment.

inclusive.

adjustment

The specifies format:

-

zls

assigned

Module

(Paqe-Resident)

be

FRAME

The

LTL

A-9

of

the

NUMBER

or

range

If

a

the

OAT

attributes

subfield

*********************************

* I I I I I I I *

* G I Z 1 z 1 z I Z I Z I Z 18SM*

* I I I I I I I *

*********************************

indicate

a

function.

Formats

located to

the

and

A-5)

of

value

FRAME

that

These

is

a

l-bit

in

Min-paqe-

OFFSET

specify

OFFSET

larQer NUMBER

(present

of

these

bits

~AS

the

i$

than

should

an

I-bit

subfield

without

relocation

fields

(present

placement

constrained

15

is

be

only

LTL

seqment.

fields

are

required

which, crossinq

desired

done.

for

have-

type

in

to

only MAS

be

LTL It

not

be

if

1,

a

page

of

8080

of

between

for

OFFSET

seqments,

has

currently

zero.

Version

demands

boundary.

R&L.)

for

the

0

the

followinq

4.0

that

absolute

and then

A=n)

been

15

an

G seqment the

group.

BSM specifies case

the

The seqments, segment. loader value the

value

field

The

8SM

to

give

The

qives

base

value

to

the of will

the

SEGMENT

(Group)

is

a

(Big

that

MAXIMUM

MAXIMUM A=6)

(The

as

to

in

this

in

is

only

attribute

the

GROUP offset

the

be

qroup

member

Segment

the

SEGMENT

specifies

purpose

reserve

field.)

the

SEGMENT

big

seqment

OFFSET

of

parent

used

base

LENGTH

is

a

of

maximum

SEGMENT

memory

enouqh

bit

a

MAXIMU~

the

qroup.

by

of

the

I-bit

a

group,

~aximum

segment

LENGTH

the

of

this

This

LENGTH

to

in

the

subfield

first

the

loader

data

field

and

Length)

must

LENGTH

maximum

field

space

va~.ue

field. hold LTL

OAT

length

(present

byte

It

must

to

records

that,

should

lenqth

contain

subfield

length

is

as

much

must

numbers

field

of

the

be

zero

determine

belonainq

be

is

a

is

to

as

be

The

from

h4K.

only

seqment

if

1,

loaded

I-bit exactly zero.

(present·

in

bytes

provide

possible

qreater

MAXIMUM

0

to

(see

above)

for

if

the

to

specifies

as

field

~4K.

information than

SEGMENT

n4K-l

must

LTL

seoments,

relative

G

bit

location

the

seornent.

a

that,

only

of

up

or

equal

inclusive.

be

is

0.

that part

if

In

this

for

the

to·

to

LENGTH

used

A=6)

to

This

relative

the

of

1,

LTL LTL

a

the

to

the

bytes. not

only

34

The

delete

bi~

SEGMENT

The

lenqth

the

enouqh

LENGTH

may

segment

to

hold

field

be

zero:

from

numbers

the

qives

if

so,

module.

from

the

LINK-3~

The

a

to

~4K-l

lenqth

(unlike

SEG~ENT

inclusive.

of

LENGTH

the

seq~ent

LINK-SO)

field

The

in

will

is

8

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.8

attribute

segment

SEGMENT

-------.

The

to

the STACK. l;st

assign has programmer referred RED, WHITE, BLUE; Class

LNAMES

the the by

of

CLASS The length

OVERLAY

The

programmer's

Class

indexing

bit

a

length

NAME

Segment

segment. This names

to

Name,

Record(s).

field

NAME

Class a

segment.

0.)

to

(e.g.

NAME

Overlay

Name,

into

in

provided

define

by

the

of

INDEX

Name

provides

INDEX

Name

The at

ROM,

indexing

INDEX

Name behest,

may

the

ACBP

field

64K.

is

a

name

Examples:

the

by

the

is

a

(If

none

purpose

a

-candle·

LOCATE-time)

FASTRAM,

into

is

a

name

apply

be

null.

list

of

(see

the

CODE,

Segment

LNAMES

name

is

assigned,

of

by

by a single

DISPLAYRAM.

the

to

a

This

names

field

provided

above)

programmer

DATA, Record(s).

the

Class which

list

translator segment.

must

TAXDATA,

Name,

proqrammer

the Names several

of

provides

by

be

or

by

indexing

name

reference.

This

names

and/or

The

the

used

translator

MODULENAME

or

is

field

OVerlay the

LNAMES

to

translator

is

null,

to

LSEG's.

provides

provided

LINK-86,

Name,

Overlay

Record(s).

give

into

,allow

may

Examples:

the

assigns

CODE,

the

can and

the

by

the

like

Name,

be

at

(Note) component Name

may

be

and

null.)

The

entity

an

MComplete

comprising

Overlay

(End

of

Name. Note)

Namea

Segment

(The

of

latter

a

segment Name,

is

a

2

components

a

3-

Class

35

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

LSEG's that. some

this

into

GROUP

.......--..-..--

DEFINITiON

(GRPDEF)

RECORD

***********************///**********///************ * * * * * *

*

REC

*

RECORD

* TYP *

9AH * * INDEX * DESCRIPTOR * *

*

LENGTH

* * *

*

GROUP NAME

*

GROUP

COMPONENT

* *

CHK

SUM

* * *

***********************///**********///************

I I

+--repeated---+ GROUP The

when FRAME is

The

the

Group

may

not

GROUP

list

NAME

Name

be

referenced.

the

which

the

NAME

of

INDEX

LSEG's

contains

case,

names

is

a

name

The

are

eventuallv

(or

LOCATE-8~

INDEX

field

provided

by

which

important

~cove~sd)

will

provides by

the

a

fixed

every

issue

LNAMES

collection property

in

a

the

of MAS, LSEG

warning

Group

Record(s).

of

such

there

of

the

message.

Name,

*

1

a

must

qroup.

by

or

more

qroup

exist

indexinq

is If

GROUP

Each

COMPONENT

GROUP

COMPONENT

DESCRIPTOR

***********///*****

* * *

~

51

*

SEGMENT

* *

INDEX

*(FFH)*

*

***********///*****

***********///***** * * *

*

EI

.*

EXTERNAL

* *

INDEX

*(FEH)*

* * *

***********///*****

has

1

*

* *

of

the

followinq

formats:

3t5

8186

Object

Module

Formats

***********///*********///*********///*****

* * * * *

*

sea

*

* *

*(FDH)*

SEGMENT

NAME

INDEX

*

* *

CLASS

NAME

INDEX

•

OVERLAY

*

NAME

•

INDEX

*

* * * * * * ***********///*********///********///******

************************************* *

•

*

*(FBH)*

* *

LTL * LTL

*

OAT

GRP

MAXIMUM

* * GROUP

LENGTH

* *

*

* * *

GROUP

LENGTH

* *

* * *

*************************************

*************************

* * * *

ASS

GRP

* *

FRAME NUMBER

*(FAH)*

* * *************************

* *

OFF

* * *

*

SET

*

* *

Version

4.1

These

If

the DESCRIPTOR selects

DESCRIPTOR

selects

External

DESCRIPTOR

which

Overlay

or

separate

the

If

the the

(eventually) (i.e.,

rather

specification

If

determine

Name(s).

proqrammer

5

kinds

first

contains

LSEG first

contains

LSEG

Name.

(Note)

the

than

the

translations

first

contains

to

of

DESCRIPTOR's

byte

described

byte

that

one

respectively.

of

1

of 1 is

If

the

found

External

an has

byte

3

more

or

include

(for

more

(eventually)

LSEG),

occurred.

are

the

DESCRIPTOR

field,

by a precedinq

the

descriptor

field,

definition

to

be

physical

is

defined

then

(End

of

the

DESCRIPTOR fields, more

in

which

Segment

This

a

~roup,

SEG~ENT

now

discussed:

contains

which

found

of

the

with an

DESCRIPTOR

is

SEGDEF

contains

is

an

to

External

instead

respect

error

of

note)

contains

are

Name(s),

one

INDEX's

0FFH,

a

SEGMgNT

record.

0FEH,

EXTERNAL

contain

of

to

in

Name

Class

allows

or

more

cannot

the

Index

logical

a

qroup

0FDH,

Index

Name{s),

a

be

then

INDEX

then

INDEX

specified

is

PSEG

then

fields,

translator

LSEG's

known).

the

that

the

that

the and

from

37

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

A Name

specifies occur

DESCRIPTOR maximum descriptor,

record.

GRPDEF

qroup.

assigned

specifies

GROUP

in

If

the length

record.

A

The

Zis

BGL

LENGTH

Index

all

other

first

contains

if

There

seqment

LTL

DATA

indicate

a

function.

(Biq

that

subfield

with

~ames.

record

byte

of

the

present.

may

There can

field

be

value

(Note:

types.)

of

3

more

qroup, at not

has

the

must· most may

be

zero

carries

Name

DESCRIPTOR

fields.

and

the

precede one not

in

the

descriptor

be

two

followinq

Indices

which

lenqth

any

such

special

contains are

all

absolute

qroups.

format:

with

other

*********************************

* I I I I I I , *

* Z I Z I Z I Z I Z I Z IBGLIBGM* * I I I I I I I *

*********************************

that

Group

the

These

Group

must

these

Lenqth)

lenqth

contain

I-bit

bits

are

is

fields

required

a

I-bit

exactly

zero.

have

64K.

siqnificance:

zero

the

LTL

of

the

descriptors

of

this

not

to

be

subfield

In

value

0FBH.

OAT

field.

qroup.

type

component

currently

zero.

that.

this

case

may

then

in in

This

in

been

if

it

not

the the

the

a

the

1.

the

BGM

specifies

case

the

The

that

has seqments have

been The

of

the

qroup

using

·If

the

DESCRIPTOR

LOCATEd.

all base Group of

If

the

a

fixups

are

then

Group

Group absolute the

GRPDEr"'

record.

reco

(Biq

that

Group

the

MAXIMUM

GROUP

been

in

determined

the

group

performed

MAXIMU~

that

maximum

first

contains

it

has

an

have

required

the

FRAME.

is

also

has

and

this

There

rd.

Maximum

maximum

GROUP LENGTH

arc

relative

GROUP

has

lenqths byte

the

address

been

after

NU~BER

available

been

descriptor

may

Lenqth)

qroup

LENGTH

subfield

after

put

in

to

LENGTH

been

of

subfield

determined

of

the

DESCRIPTOR

address

chosen

performed.

LOCATE-8~

should

for

assiqned

must

be

at

most

is

length

specifies

the

Group

contiquous

the

base

segment

of

the

by

LOCA If

has

assiqned be debuqqinq

an

address

precede

one

a

I-bit

is

must

of

specifies after

components.

contains

Group.

r

rE-8f),

fixups

used

as

all

descriptor

subfield

exactly

contain

the

length

is

~locatedM,

memory

the

area.

Group.

the

Group

Once a Group

relative

an

the

base.

systems

by

LOCATE-86

other

of

that,

~4K.

zero.

of

All

maximum

. . ~

is

~located",

0FAH,

to

address

The

such

then

descriptors

this

In

the

and

then

has

to

the

to

address

as

type

if

this

group

the

fixups

lenqth

the

been

which

Group

the

ICE.

it

in

1,

is in

a

38

80B6

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

(Examples)

names "DATA",

and

"MEMORY"

7

and

8,

respectively

The LSEG "DATA" •

with

"unspecified")

all

regardless

"Small"

one contains

[eFOH,

with

The

Segment

The

LSEG's

The

contains

Descriptor

S'eqment

Descriptor

with

of

PLM-86

assumptions

the

7,

Assume

I'

RAM

are

selected

Name "MYPROG",

Name "MYPROG-,

Overlay

Seqment

their

compile~

the

descriptors

5],

and

that

'I

,

It

MYPROG"

•. with

with

Overlay

by sinqle

fields:

Name.

with

emitting

[~FDH,

by

an

Name

4

fields:

Class

fields:

Name

Name(s). will

descriptor

8, 8,

LNAMES

,

"CODE",

record

Index

[eFDH,

Class

{0FDH,

Name "DATA",

"MYPROG"

be

2 GRPOEF

[0FOH,

5].

Name

(eFDH,

able

1,

(End

..

"

(null),

values

"DATA",

3,

1,

3,

1,

and

to

(Group

{0FDH,

1,

51,

of

exists

of

1,

3,

1,

51

specifies

and

01

Class

inform

Definition)

4,

Examples)

such

"STACK-"

2,

3,

11

specifies

and

Overlay

no

(or

·null-#

specifies

Name ·DATA

LOCATE-86

51,

[eFDH,

the

that

"CONST"

4,

5,

the

any

of

Records:

other

6,

the

6,

the

Name

LSEG

or

and

II

the

51,

,

39

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.9

************************///*********///************

* * * * * *

REC

*

TY

P *

* SEH * * USE) * DESCRIPTOR * *

* * * * * *

************************///*********///************

This

or

objects

EXTDEF, BLKDEF,

as

a supported, appendix.

As describe describes eiqht

record

Branch,

many

a

leaves.)

presumably

and

II

branch. eiqht

TYPE

-----(TyPDEF)-----

*

RECORD LENGTH

provides

named

DEBSYI~

which the

EIGHT LEAF

leaves;

and/or consists

correspondinq

(Every

DEFINITION

*

NAME

RECORD

* EIGHT *

* (L"INK86 * LEAF *

I I

+-----rpt----+

the

description

by

DESeRI

such

the

one

or

LOCSY~

of

a branches,

PTOR"

field

last

such

records.

fields

of

more

sequence

except

names

field

the

of are

as

necessary

the

describes

type

provided

The

Leaves.

last

CHK SUM

of

type

provided

in

*

an

in

is

described The

,are

the from

object

PU6DEF,

types

in

an

used

record

one

to

TYPE INDEX

record

defined

the

obj

Use place

of

Leaves necessary. Branch leaves.

a

name

EIGHT

This

a

types

implicitly

ect

file.

of

sinqle

of

LEAF

field

are

is

deemed

This

values

to

associate by

this lenqth

to

Unless

field

byte

DESCRIPTOR can

be to

field

1

through

the

sequence

is

reserved containinq zero).

describe

represented, the

last

end

in

an

has

the

followinq

***********///******

ohject

3

up

leaf

32767,

in

to

indefinite

* * *

* E * LEAF *

*

~

* DESCRIPTOR *

*

***********///******

* *

I I

+----rpt-----+

in

for it

eiqht the is

which types which

(which

a

format:

TYPDEF

LINK-8~.

Leaves. field Repeat

sequence

* *

are

with

is

may

Leaf

contained

object

records

Translators

the

representation

If;

more

be

(see

of

in

names,

appear

than

repeated

below),

easy

other

are

in

should

eight,

as

the

null

8086

the

(bit=l)

has

Object

The

following

•

The

one

of

Module

EN

field

LEAF DESCRIPTOR

the

Formats

is

a

8

Leaves

followinq

byte:

*******

* *

0

to

128

*

* *

* * * * *******

*******************

* * *

129

*

* * * *

*******************

(left

field. formats:

·0

to

64K-1

the

8 to

which

*

bits,

riqht)

occurs

left

are

to

Easy

between

riqht,

(bit=0)

1

Version

indicate

and

8

or

times,

4."

if

Nice

***********///*****

* * *

130

*

NAME

*

* * * * *

***********///*****

* * *

*

131

* INDEX *

*

* *

* * *

***********//1-*****

************************* * * *

* * *

132

*

* * *

*************************

*

e

to

11;M-1

* * *

*

41

8086

Object

Module

Formats

*******

*

* *

133

*

* * * *

* *******

*************

* * *

*

* *

134

*-127

*

to

*+127

*

* * *

************* *******************

* * *

*

-32K

to

+32K

* *

135

*

* *

* *******************

* * * *

Version

4.0

The reoresents represents

represents

The

second

a

Numeric

The

a

String

string,

The

an

Index Index, representation.

Leaf. third

Leaf.

in

fourth

Leaf.

which

**************************.***

136

* * *

4-byte

integer

signed

*

* * * * * * ******************************

sinqle a

Numeric

a

Numeric

OMF's

byte,

Leaf

Null

form,

The

form,

The

is

Leaf. Leaf

The

number

field

standard

field

a number

Recursively

containinq or

with

a

is

a followinq representation.

a

fo1lowinq

a

Null

If

the

leadinq

contained

leadinq

between

defined

Leaf.

indicated

byte

the

byte

the

types

a

value

in

leadinq

0

and

*

* * *

*

between

If

the

is

less

inteqer

containinq

the

followinq

containinq

byte

containino

byte

32K~.,

are

allowed.

value

number. 129,

130, represents

131,

represents

in

OMF's

0

is

than

represents 2

represents

anti

128.

bytes.

standard

128

j t

128,

the

an

it

a

Numeric

42

The

fifth

Leaf.

form,

with

The number

a

leading

is

byte

contained

containinq in

the

fo11owinq

132,

represents 3

bytes.

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.8

'fhe Repeat last

leaf

considered

leaves.

The represents followinq

The a

Signed

bytes,

'rhe a

Signed

bytes,

siqned

sixth

Leaf

seventh

byte,

eighth

Numeric

signed

ninth

Numeric

can

of to to

a

Siqned

extended

fo

extended

form, only a

branch

repeat

end

form,

which

form,

Leaf.

rm,

Leaf.

~

occur

indefinitely.

in

an

with

Numeric

will with

The

if

neccessary.

wi

th

a The

if

necessary.

sinqle

as

the

is

a

indefinitely

be

siqned

a

leading

number

lead

number

byte

last

Repeat

a

leading

Leaf.

in~

of

leaf

Leaf

Otherwise

The

extended

byte is

contained

byte

is

contained

133,

of

then

lonq

byte

number

if

containing

conta

in

is

a

Branch.

the

sequence

containing

is

contained

neccessary.

in

inq

13;,

in

the

Repeat

'Branch

of

135.

the

following

Leaf.

If

leaf

easy

Null

134,

in

represents

A

the

is is

the

2

4

43

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4."

PUBLIC

-------(PUBDEF)-----

NAMES

DEFINITION

RECORD

***********************///*********///*********************///*********** * * * * * * * *

REC

*

TYP *

90H

*

RECORD LENG'rH

* * * * * * *

* PUBLIC * * BASE *

P~BLIC

NAME

* PUBLIC * TYPE * *

OFFSET

*

INDEX

* SU,4 *

CHK

*

* * * * * * * * ***********************///*********///*********************///***********

I ,

+-------------repeated--------------+

each the by

This

one,

offset

the

PUSLIC

The

3

name.

PUBLIC

record

datums

value

BASE

provides

are

of

BASE

provided:

the

has

name,

the

a

list

(1)

and

followinq

(3)

of

1

or

a

base

the

format:

more

type

value

of

PUBLIC

for

entity

NAME's;

the

na~e,

represented

for

(2)

*****///*********///***************** * * * *

*

* *

*

GROUP

INDEX

*

SEGMENT

* INDEX *

*

FRAME NUMBER

*

* * *

*****///*********///*****************

, I

+conditional+

The

a

number

"associates·

described

there

provides

location non-neqative

first

absent.

means

is

value

is

The

A

byte

A

that

taken

in

non-zero

SEGMENT

44

GROUP

between

a

on

paqe

no

associated

SEGMENT a

number

of

each

displacement

of

the

location

~s

a

displacement

the

FRAME

INDEX

0

qroup

16,

INDEX between

SEGMEN~

public

selected

INDEX

NU~8ER

field

and with

case

qroup.

has

32767

(F2c).

field

0

and

INDEX

symbol

(qiven

LSEG,

of

0

of

each

from

field.

a

the

defined

(leaal

format

inclusive.

public

A

zero

has

327~7

public the

a

selects

by

a PUBLIC OFFSET

and

the

base

qiven

sym~ol,

GROUP

format

inclusive.

an

in

the

FRAME

only

if

symbol

of

earlier,

A

LSEG,

record

NU~BER

GROUP defined

the

non-zero

and

INDEX

qiven

in

is

field)

INDEX

FRAM~

and

GROUP

is

indicates

earlier,

which

taken

field

is

in

the

rlefined

provides

INDEX

used

that

and

case

from

must

as

also

record

by

the the

the

as

a

be

~)

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

(Informal

both

is

public

the A

taken

non-zero

symbols

LOCATE-86

fixup

(where

be

of

.pM

converted

where M SI and

PUBLIC OFFSET

the

frame

old

fixup, public OFFSET, to the bit public

symbol,

and

a

{base,offset} base

offset

symbol's

Discussion)

SEGMENT

as

the

will

the

is

perform

form:

a

by

(L)"

and

specifier

viz.:

as

(optionally)

of

the

cannot

INDEX

GROUP

-frame defined

public

LINK-86

TARGET:

FRAME: "d" fields.

in

FRAME:

defined

pair, indicated then

value,

The

and

GROUP

INDEX

of

reference-

in

the

TARGET:

FRAME:

symbol

to

a

are

provided

(The

the

new

TARGET.)

by FRAME the

group.

complete

an

error

FRAME

INDEX selects this

record, following

El

(P)

TARGET

in

this

fixup

SI(L),d

GI

(G)

Mnormalft

fixup

the

NUMBER

base

part the

will

NUMBER

are

some

qroup1

for

e.q.,

actions:

PUBDEF

of

the

by

the

action

be

the

(2)

When

SEGMENT

fields,

will

(If

a

definition

occur.)

is

present

zero.

this

references

LINK-86

(1)

record)

form:

SEGMENT

would

same

the

as

value

INDEX. PUBLIC

is

converted

be

taken

non-neqative

of

iff

group

to

all and Any

will

I,NDEX

have

in

the

of

16-

the

a

as

not the the of

SEG~ENT

puaLIC The

location

must

contain

PUBLIC OFFSET The

offset

INDEX

specified

A

GROUP

alter

the

symbol, absolute the

segment

INDEX

NAME

PUBLIC

in

MAS

1

or

(Note)

in

names

throuqh

be

to

listing

7EH"

used,

However,

character

PUBLIC OFFSET

of

the

Public

>

0),

or

FRA~E

INDEX

FRAME

and

value

field.

NAME

is

more

R&L's

is

that

(tilde) but devices,

set

the

(if

of

specification

LOCATE-86

of

(either

field

to

be

made

characters.

only

they

may

produce

translators

more

strictly.

field

Symbol

offset

SEGMENT

zero

selects

will

the

public

LSEG

(End

of

qives

available

cdnstraint

lie

within

inclusive.

etc.

may

is

a

with

of

respect

the

INDEX

take,

symbol,

or

Informal

the

Other

awkward

proscribe

(End

l~-bit

Public

=

~).

no

qroup.

of

PSEG)

name

to

upon

the

results

of

value,

to

Symbol

LINK-S6

fixups

as

the

base

the

canonic

determined

Discussion)

of

the

other

range

the

modules.

characters

20H

characters

when

the

admissible

Note)

which

an

LSEG

with

will

referencing

part

frame

by

object

(space)

may

output

is

either

(if

respect

of

the

whose

The

name

the

SEG~EN'r

to

the

as

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

TYPE

The Definition) represented

INDEX

TYPE

by

INDEX

Record

the

field

containinq

Public

identifies

Symbol.

a

descriptor

sinqle

precedinq

for

the

TYPDEF

typ~

of

(Type

entity

898n

Object

Module

Formats

version

4.0

such

each

(if

such

of

the

of

an

request same or

not

Record

EXT~RNAL

...

!AMES

DEFINITION

(EXTDEF)

RECORD

***********************///*********///*********** * * * * * *

*

REC

*

RECORD

TYP

*

LENGTH

8CH

* * * * *

*

EXTERNAL

*

NAME

* TYPE *

*

INDEX

* * * * * *

***********************///*********///***********

This

name,

External

EXTERNAL.

This

external

Inclusion

name

a

same

that

declared

the

in

Record the

name

type.

..

_._

..

_--

field

External

the

provides

type

Name is

found).

NAME

provides

object.

of

a Name

the

as

module.

of

object

the

object

a

Name

, ,

+-------repeated--------+

a

value

orovided

the

in

file

Public

is

it

name,

an

External Symbol.

actually

list provided

be

of

external

represents.

that

which

Names

linked

This

referenced

by

the

must

to

an

two

a request

names,

LINK-S6

identical

names

have

Record

module

C~K

* SUM *

will

name

non-zero

is

containinq

obtains

within

*

an~

Public

an

some

for

assign

objects

lenqth,

implicit

whether

FIXUPP

each

to

~ame

the

The

the

orderinq orderinq Thus, These

and/or

particular

given

an any

numbers

earlfer.

External

external

record

orderinq on

the

External

FRAME

External

positively: gxternal

zero:

808~

use

3

of

Caution)

definition

referring

of

External set

Names

are

used

DATUM

(Caution)

Names,

",1,2,

Indices

as

a

default

indices

EXTDEF

of

all

are

considered

as fields Name.

808~

1,2,3,...

which

••.

The

(Seqment

may

record

to

that

Records

Names

External

II

External

of

The

reason

value

not

object

within

FIXUPP

format

External

This

were

Index,

with

be

forward

definina

within

each

Names

to

be

Indices"

Records,

of

an

Names

is

a

numbered

is

to Type special

referrinq.

the

with

index

a

module,

EXTDEF

requested

numbered:

in

External

are

chanqe

startinq

conform

Index,

meaninq.

kith

object

k.

Record,

by

the

order

from

with

etc.)

tOQether

induces

the

1,2,3,4,

TARGET to

refer

Index

numbered

That

has

S080

from other which

(End

is

must

with

module.

•••

DATUM

to

been

to

say,

precede

an

a

47

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

T~il·E.

This Definition) named

by

INDEX

field

the

identifies Record External

containinq

Symbol.

a

sinqle

a

descriptor

precedina

for

the

TYPDEF

type

of

(Type

object

48

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

LOCAL

SY~BOLS.

(

LOCSYl~)

RECORD

***********************///*********///*********************///*********** * * * * * * * *

*

REC

*

RECORD

TYP

*

LENGTH

928

* *

*

SYMBOLS

LOCAL BASE

*

LOCAL

SYMBOL

NAME

*

LOCAL

*

SY~BOL

*

TYPE

INDEX

*

CHK SUM

*

* OFFSET * * *

* * * * * * * *

***********************///*********///*********************///***********

I I

+-------------repeated--------------+

This

in

the module. debugging

The

not

used

The

module

reco

rd.

record

source

The

purpose

proqrams.

information

by

the

symbols

of

name

provides proqram

R&L

products.

in

the

given

of

this

provided

record

by

the

information input

to

information

by

the

were

most

recently

about

the

translator

LOCSYM

originally

symbols

is

to

record

precedinq

which

aid

defined

that

ICE

is

T-MODULE

were

produced

and

processed

in

a

used

the

other

but

source HEADER

LOCAL

The

LOCAL

The

LOCAL

dreferent~

(location

qivinq,

(2)

it

values

The

FRA~E

than

~,

in

for

gives

of

the referent

NUMBER.

then

SYMBOLS

BASE

SY~BOLS

BASE

has

the

followinq

*****///*********///***************** * * *

GROUP

INDEX

* *

SEGMENT

* *

INDEX

* *

FRAME

NUI~BER

* * * *

*****///*********///*****************

I I

+conditional+

SY,\<\BOLS

value

MAS)

each

an

indication

symbols

If

the

(location

of

the

referent

BASE

every

symbol

should

value

SEGMENT

provides

in

~AS)

symbol

in

the

to

LOCATE-8~

be

is

qiven

INDEX

value

two

,

with

in

the

record,

as

decomposed

by

field

is

the

location

thinas:

respect

record

a

to

into

the

contains

format:

*

(1)

to

which

will

non-neqative

how

{base,offset}

SEGMENT

6f

the

a the

be

INDEX

number

it

defined offset;

final

canonic

qives

the

(20-bit)

pairs.

or

by

oreater

a

value

by

and

the

frame

49

808~

of

Object

the

LSEG NUMBER SEGMENT

NU~BER:

first

byte

If

of

the FRAME INDEX

NU~BER

is

specified

described warninq.

field INDEX

in

of

the

LSEG

non-zero,

by

with

)

Module

specified

in

field

this

the

specified

GROUP

specified

(if

SEGMENT

the

GROUP

respect

Formats

by

this

contain

case,

INDEX

the

case.)

the

is

zero,-the

by

the

INDEX

base

INDEX.

to

SEGMENT

If

zero,

referent

frame.

SEGMENT

field

will

(If

such

both

then

be the

a

base,

INDEX.

the the

value

base

will

INDEX

contains

the

canonic

value

then

(There

GROUP

be

(if

non-zero),

zero).

of

a

LOCATE-8~

must INDEX field the

location

the

frame

symbol

Version

be

field

is

canonic

or

If

the

of

cannot

will

no a

the

FRAME

and

FRAME

of

fra~e

by

GROUP

GroQP

give

4.0

the

be

a

LOCAL This

LOCAL

The

offset

>

0),

specified

TYPE

The Hecord the

Local

(Note)

have

When

SEGMENT

SYMBOL

field

S~~BOL

LOCAL

of

the

Local

or

the

FAAME INDEX

TYPE

INDEX

containing

Symbol.

GROUP

INDEX>

NAME

provides

OFFSET

SYMBOL

OFFSET

Symbol

offset

(if

SEGP1EN'r

field

a

~escriptor

INDEX

0.

the

name

is

with

of

the

INDEX = 0).

identifies

is

>

(End

of

a

respect

Local

for

3,

then

of

note)

the

symbol.

l~-bit

to

Synbol

a

the

ty~e

value,

an

sinale

of

one

which

LSEG

with

entity

must

also

is

(if

SEGMENT

respect

preceding

represented

either

the

INDEX

to

the

TYPDEF

by

50

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

LINE

NUMBERS

(LINNUM)

RECORD

***********************///***********************************

* * * * * * *

REC

*

* TYP *

RECORD

LENGTH

* LINE * LINE *

*

NUMBER

*

NUMBER

*

LINE

NUMBER

* CHK *

*

SUM

* 94H * * BASE * * OFFSET * *

* * * * * * * ***********************///***********************************

I I

+--------repeated-------+

This

to

a

source

Since

numberinq,

identification

and

identification

also

LINE

record

debugger

code

and

several

the

NU!\1BER

may

of

is

provides proqram, the

correspondinq

independent

be

a

source

name

provided

SASE

linked

of

the

means

the

correspondence

source

text

the

original

by

the

translated

to

line

modules,

form

must

containinq

which

a

include

a

translator

between

code.

with

sinqle

module.

T-MODULE

a

line

independent

module,

both

HEADER

may number

its

The

Record.

*

pass

line

a

full

number,

latter

in

The

the

LOCAL

INDEX location number.

logical

field, describing shows the

code

and

thus

the

assumption

location

LINE

NUMBER

*****///*********///*****************

* * * *

*

* * * * *****///*********///*****************

LINE

SY~BOL

and

of

This

(SEGMENT INDEX

if

the

segment references

of

NU~BER

(if

the

location

non-zero,

the

final,

use

that

the

base

BASE present)

first

of

it

BASE

GROUP

INDEX

BA~~

described byte

is informs

20-bit

a

non-zero

is

compiling

to

pieces

the

of

has

the

SEGMENT

*

INDEX *

*

has

the

of

code

may

non-zero).

appropriate

the

be

location

Group

of

group.

following

*

I ,

+conditional+

same

for

FRAME

correspondinq

physical

LOCATE-8h

is

the

format

the

LOCSYM

NUMBER

The of

Index:

~ut

one

code

seqment

At

debuq

format:

FRAME

NUMBER

(SEGMENT INDEX

value

what

the

code

A

LSEG

seqment

register time,

*

and

interpretation

record.

fields

to

some

of

the

base-part

line.

translator

of

many

are

the

The

determine

source

GROUP

to

An

knows

in

fixed

contains

user

SEGMENT

the

line

is

0)

INDEX

use

for

example

that

a

Group,

up

under

the

may

tell

as

or

51

8986

Ob·ject

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

ICE-86

to

respond

long

jump

register

translating

LINE

------

A

line binary and

the

INDEX>

specified

by

must

LINE

,-------_._-

The offset

-GO

by

executinq will be

the

NUMBER

number

this

be

zero.

NUMBER

LINE

8),

or

FRAME

TO

LINE

set

code.

field.

OFFSET

NUMBER

of

the

(if

NUMBER

a

lonq

the

CS

in

accordance This

between

The

OFFSET line

offset

SEGMEN'r

22

OF

jump

register;

is

the

Band high

32767,

order

field number of

the

with line

INDEX = 0).

MODULE

to

the

it

with

purpose

bit

is

a

respect

number

MODNAME

appropriate

is

important

the

of

inclusive,

is

reserved

l6-bit

M

•

location.

assumptions the

GROUP

is

for

value, to with

an

which LSEG respect

ICE-8~

that

made

INDEX

provided

future

is

(if

may

This

the

SEGMENT to

CS

while

field.

in

use

either

the

52

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

BLOCK

DEFINITION

RECORD

--------(SLKDEF'-------

**********************///**********///*********///*********///***********

* * * * * * *

"REC

**********************///**********///*********///*********///***********

*

RECORD

TYP

*

LENGTH

7AH

* * * * * * *

* *

BLOCK

BASE

*

BLOCK

*INFORMATION*INFOR~ATION*

*

PROCEDURE

*

TYPE

INDEX

, I

+conditional+

This

in

the

module.

for information

not

module

every

The

used

The

record

source

A

BLKDEF

block

is

information

by

the

blocK

of

name

provides program

record

to

aid

R&L

in

given

that

ICE

provided

products.

the

by

the

information input

will

contains

and

record

most

he other by

to

the

qenerated

variables.

debuQginq

the

BLKDEF

was

recently

about

translator

oriqinally

blocks

for

record

precedina

that

which

every

The

proqrams.

is

defined

THEADR

procedure

purpose

processed

*

were produced

in

record.

defined

of

a

CHK SUM

the and

this

but

source

*

BLOCK

implicitly

BLOCK The

The

LOCAL

SYMBOL

INDEX

by

BASE

BLOCK

BASE

values,

the

sequence

eASE

*****///*********///*****************

* * *

* * * *****///*********///*****************

has

GROUP

INDEX

eASE

described

the

has

used

of

followinq

* *

*

the

for

in

the

BLKDEF

SEGMENT

INDEX

same

the

format

LOCSY~

DEBSYi~

records

format:

* *

FRAME

*

NUMBER

* * *

, ,

+conditional+

and

record.

record,

in

the

T-MODULE.

*

* * *

interpretation

are

defined

as

the

53

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

SLOCK

The

NAME

This describes no

label

BLOCK

-

...

The 1st by

byte

the

INFOR~ATIO~

BLOCK

INFORMATION

*****///*****************************

* * * *

*

NAME

* * * * *****///*****************************

field

an

in

-._---.....------

OFFSET

BLOCK

of

BLOCK

contains

unnamed

PL/M)

OFFSET

the

BASE.

the

block

BLOCK

*

OFFSET

*

* *

the

name

block

NAME

is

in

will

a

l~-bit

with

respect

the

has

be

the

* *

*

of

source

of

value

to

followinq

BLOCK LENG'rH

the

code

lenqth

which the

block.

(e.q.

0.

is

referent

format:

* * * *

the

If

a

DO

offset value

the

block

of

specified

record

with

the

BLOCK

This

LENGTH

field

qives

the

lenqth

of

the

hlock

in

bytes.

54

8086

Object

I~dule

Formats

Version

4.0

PROCEDURE The

The was OFFSET

value

If

generated

The

P=0

INFORMATION

PROCEDURE

INFOR~ATION

block

has

the

followinq

**************************************************

* , I I I I I I *

* I I I I I I I *

*PILI010101010IB*

* , I I , , I I *

, I I I , I I *

*

**************************************************

+----------conditional-----------+

P

is

(CS

the

(Procedure)

present

L

(LONG)

and

L=0

L=l

L

IP)

->

bit

from

only

bit

or

2-byte 4-byte

has

bit,

a

procedure

if

tells

a

2-byte

return return

no

meaning

if

P=l.

whether

1,

value

address address

and

RETURN

ADDRESS

OFFSET

indicates in

the

(IP

is

required

source.

return

only)

that

•

the

The

address

to

be

BLKDEF RETURN

O.

format:

*

is

a

record

ADDRESS

4-byte

The

(from

activation

TYPE

The record name.

RETURN

BP)

This

of

record

INDEX

TYPE

containinq

field

should

Note)

ADDRESS

the

on

INDEX

is

(Note)

not

OFFSET, a procedure's the

stack.

field

the

type

present

Symbols

be

repeated

l~-bit

return

identifies

descriptor

only

if

defined

in

value,

address

a

for

the

NAME

in

DEBSY~

is

sinqle

the is

BLKDEF

records.

the

in

the

precedinq

procedure

non-zero.

reco

(End

hyte

procedure's

rd

offset

TYPDEF

or

s

of

block

55

8986

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4."

This

information

Each of order

the

BLKOEF

BLKDEF.

of

record,

about

reco

debuq

declaration

(Note)

scope

need

source

(e.q.

not

BLOCK

ENn

RECORD

(BLKEND)

************************* * * * *

*

REC

*

RECORD

TYP

*

LENGTH

7CH

* * *

* *

CHK SUM

* * * *

*************************

toqether

the

scope

rd

must symbol

in

For

translators

reflect

module.

be

the

AS~86)

(End

with

of

variables

followed

records.

source

the

order

of

the

by

and

module.

whose

orderina

of

Note)

*

BLKDEF

in.

a

8LKE~D

BLKENDs

variables

of

declaration

the

should

the

record,

source

record.

don't

records

reflect

have

in

The

the

provides

program.

order

the

5~

808#;

O,?ject

Module

Formats

Version

4.(')

DEBUG.

--.---- - -{OEBSYM)

~*********************///*********///*********************///***********

SYMBOLS.

RECORD

* * * * * * *

REC

*

RECORD

TYP *

7 EH * * * * * * *

LENGTH

*

FRAME

*INFORMATION*

*

SYMBOL

NAME

* * TYPE * CaK *

* OFFSET * INDEX *

SUM

*

* * * * * * *

~*********************///*********///*********************///***********

I I

+-------------repeated--------------+

This includinq is

to

aid

The

R&

L

prod

The

module

record.

The

block been

qlobal

preceding

of

closed

record

stack

ICE

and

information

ucts.

symbols

of

name

scope the

most

by

to

the

THEADR.

provides

and

based

other

in

the

qiven

of

the recently

a

BLKE~D.

source

debuqqinq

in

this

~ecord

by

the

symbols

module

information

symbols.

record

were

most

in

precedinq

If

no

The

programs.

is

oriqinally

recently

the

such

of

purpose

processed

record BLKDEF BLKDEF name

qiven

about

defined

precedinq

is whose exists

all

of

this

but

defined

extent

the

by

the

local

not

in

T-~ODULE

symbols

most

symbols

information

used

a

to

be

has

not

recently

by

the

source HEADER

the yet

are

defined

FRAME.

This

in

The

FRAME

INFOR~ATION

field

the

gives

record.

INFO

*********************************

* , I I I I * B I L I

* I I I I ,

*********************************

information

It's

format

about

is

***********///*****

* * *

*FRAME*

*INfO

*

DATUM

* *

* * *

***********///*****

byte

has

(l

the

I " I

followin~

~

I

the

as

frame

follows:

*

format:

I , *

FRA~E

r-1ETHOD

* *

of

the

symbols

57

808~

by

the

OFFSET bit

Object

The

the

address

The

If

frame

If

has

Module

B

(Based)

FRAME

of

L

(Long)

L=0 L=l

L=0

q i

ven

8=0,

fields

no

meaning

Formats

bit,

INFORMATION

a

symbol.

bit

-)

2

bytes

-)

4

bytes

the

frame by

the

is

location

the

and

if

and

tells

part

FRAME

location

is

reQuired

1,

means

OFFSET

the

lenqth

of

the

symbol

IN FORI"ATION

defined of

the

that fields

to

the

of

this

address fie

by symbol. be

0.

location

contains

value.

ld

•

the

FRAME In

in

a

value

is

defined

INFORMATION

this

Version

MAS

case

defined

that

to

the

4.0

is

be

and

L

The

DATUI~

The

identical

LOCSYM

field.

If

interpretation

If

FRAME

to

reco

FRAME

METHOD

~ETHOD=0,

field

the

defines

DATUM

has

the

what

format:

*****///*********///*****************

* * * *

*

GROUP

* INDEX * INDEX *

*

SEGMENT

*

FRAME

NUMBER

* * * *

*****///*********///*****************

I I

+conditional+

of

the

rd.

METHOD=l,

the

interpretation

the

*****///*****

* *

*

* *

*****///*****

DATUM

of

DATUM

EXTERNAL

has

INDEX

the

fields

LOCAL.

the

*

format:

kind

in

the

SYMBOLS

of

*

data

above

BASE

is

in

format

in

the

is

the

58

8~86

Object

If

FRAME

Module

~ETHOD=2,

Formats

the

DATUM

has

*****///*****

* *

BLOCK

*

INDEX

*

*****///*****

*

the

format:

Version

4.0

FRAME

is

METHODs

The

in

the

FRA~E

OFFSET SYMBOL This

field OFFSET The OFFSET

as

follows:

If

FRAME

to

the

FRAME

INFORMATION

If

FRAME

external

symbol

field.

rf

FRAME

in

the

activation

FHAME

INFOR~ATION

of

~ETHOD

NAME

provides

field

~ETHOD

NUMBER

field.

~ETHOD=1

specified

METHOD=2

3

to 7 are

field

is

or

record field.

field

(see

the

contains

0

then

SEGMENT

then

by

then

of

illegal.

also

below).

name

a

l~-bit

this specified

this

the

this

the

block

specifies

of

the

field

DATU~

field

specified

what

symbol.

value

is

by

the

is

the

of

is

the

which

the

byte

by

kind

is

offset

DATUM

byte

offset

FRAME

offset

the

of

information

interpreted

with

of

respect

the

from

INFORMATION

(from

DATU~

of

FRAME

the

BP)

the

record the

symbol.

TYPE The

INDEX

TYPE

containinq

INFO

.

record.

INDEX

a

(Note

field

descriptor

on

LOCSYMs) A DEB$'il"

is

0

(End

of

is

Note

identifies

for

exactly

on

a

the

type

recor'i

equivalent

LOCSY,t1s)

sinqle

of

entity

"Nhose

to

precedinq

represented

FRA~E

a

LOCSYM

TYPDEF

by

59

8086

Obiect

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

RELOCATABLE

--------

ENUMERATED

---

--("~

E:DATA)--------------

DATA

RECORD

***********************///*****************************

* * * * * * *

*

REC

*

RECORD

*

TY

P * LENG'fH *

*

72H

* *

*

DATA

RECORD

BASE

*

DATA

RECORD

*

OAT * CHK

* *

* OFFSE:T * * *

* * * * * * *

***********************///*****************************

I I

+-rpt-+

This

808~

loaded For

(LTL)

Group divorced

is

memory

this

The

subject

or

record

imaqe

directly

reason

Enumerated

data

it

may

from

to

provides

may

eventually

by

an

the

record

Data

provided be all

modification

Record.

assiqned

LSEG/Group

contiquous

8086

may

in

absolute

by

loader,

also

this

information.

FIXUPP

data

be

constructed.

be

record

3095 reco-rds.

with

called

from

perhaps

~ay

memory

The

if

which

The

Load-Time

belonq

addresses

data

any.

a

some

which

SUr-1

portion

data

base

to

any

in

this

*

of

may

fixups.

Locatable

LSEG

and

record

follow.

an

be

or

be

This LINK-8fi record

DATA

rfhe

The final format LOCSYi-1

DATA

record

to

produce

by

the RECORD

DA'fA

DATA address and

interpretation

ceco

rd.

RECORD

may

be

loadable

LOCATE-8n

BASE

RECORD

BASE

qenerated

modules.

proqram.

has

the

by

translators

and

followinq

will

be

format:

*****///*********///***************** * * * *

GROUP

INDEX

*

SEGI."EN'r

* * *

INDEX

* *

FRAME

*

NUMBER

*

* * * * *****///*********///*****************

I I

+conditional+

RECORD

of

BASE

the

OFFSET

specifies

data

as

record the

the

may

LOCAL

base

be

defined.

SYMBOL

relative

BASE

or

converted

* * * *

to

It

described

(808~

to

which

has

the

based) PEDATA

same

for

the the

field

This

either

field

with

specifies respect

to

an an

offset

LSEG

of

(if

the

first

SEG~ENT

byte

INDEX

)

of

~)

or

the

OAT

with

808fi

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.8

respect

data

bytes

memory.

DAT If

up

to

data.

RECORD

to

the

in

one

1024

consecutive

Otherwise,

LENGTH

data data

the

or

field.

(Note

record

record.

specifi~d

OAT

field

more

FIXUPP

the

on

data

must

This

bytes

repeated

record

be

is

FRA~E

occupy

records

of

within

true

(if

SEGM.ENT

successively

follow

load-time

field

size)

for

the

All frame

all

INDEX

then

locatable

is

constrained

qata

specified

~

data (REDATA, RIDATA, PEDATA, PIDATA, LEOATA, (End

of

Note

on

data

record

size).

=

higher

this

bytes

record

0).

Successive

locations

field

or

only

in

hy

the

types

LICATA).

provides

absolute

by

the

a

of

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Ve:·

sion

4.0

RELOCATABLE.

***********************111*********************//1****

* * * * * * *

REC

*

* *

RECORD

TYP

*

LENG'fH

748

* *

*

DATA

* RECORD * RECORD *

BASE

ITERATED.DATA~RECORD

-

{RIDATA)

*******

*

DATA

* OFFSET * BLOCK * *

* ITERATED * CHK *

DATA

*

SUM

* * * * * * *

***********************111*********************1//****

, I

+-repeated--+

This

8086

loaded For

(LTL)

Group divorced

.is

this

The

subject

record

memory

directly

reason

Iterated

data

or

it

from

to

provides

imaqe

by

Data

provided

may

all

m~ification

may

eventually

an

8086

the

record

Record.

in

be

assiqned

LSEG/Group

contiouous

loader,

may

this

record

absolute

information.

by

FIXUPP

be

with

also

data

may

records,

from

constructed.

perhaps

be

called

belonq

808~

The

which

some Load-Time

memory

data

if

any,

*******

a

portion

The

hase

to

any

addresses

in

this

which

data

*

of

may

fixups.

Locatable

LSEG

follo-,.,.

or and record

an be

be

This LINK-86 record

DATA

The

The final format LOCSYl"

address

DATA

record

to

produce

by

the RECORD

DATA

and

interpretation

reco

rd

RECORD

may

load

LOCATE-8~

BASE

RECORD

be

able

proqra~.

SASE

has

qenerated modules,

the

followin«1

by

and

translators will

be

format:

or

converted

*****///*********///***************** * * * *

*

GROUP

*

INDEX

*

*****///****~****///*****************

RECORD

of

the

data

• OFFSET

BASE

record as

*

SEG~ENT

*

INDEX

*

specifies

the

may

~e

LOCAL

*

FRAME

*

NU~8ER

*

I ,

+conditional+

the

base

defined.

3Y~dOL

relative

BASE

*

It

has

described

(RA8~

to

which the

for

based) RIOATA

the

sa~e

the

This

ITEHATED

62

field DATA

specifies BLOCK

field

an

offset

either

of

with

the

respect

first

to

byte

an

of

the

LSEG ( if

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.8

S~GMENT

SEGMENT

BLOCK

bytes.

portion must

INDEX>

field

ITERATED

This

It

REPEAT

This

of

be

non-zero.

INDEX

occupy

repeated

is

COUNT

field

this

0)

or

=

DATA

a

structure

with

0). successively

BLOCK field

respect

Successive

hiqher

is

a

structure

that

has

to

data

the

the bytes

locations

specifyinq

following

specified

in

of

*****************************///*****

* * * *

* REPEAT *

COUNT

*

BLOCK COUNT

* *

*

CONTENT

* * * *

*****************************///*****

specifies ITERATED

the

DATA

number

BLOCK

is

of

to

times

be

repeated.

the

memory.

the

format:

*

that

FRAME

ITERATED

repeated

the REPEAT

CONTENT

(if

DATA

data

COUNT

BLOCK

This

are

If ITERATED

the

SLOCKs.

the

followed

the

to

this

CONTENT

CON'rEN'r This

value

If

first

field be field

DATA

of BLOCK

by

BLOCK

byte

nested the

(End

COUNT

found

has

BLOCK

portion

field

the

COU~T

the

of

(Note)

ITERATED

number

of

Note)

specifies

in

the

value

is

~ay

be

indicated

COUNT

another

From

of

levels

the

number

CONTENT

zero

interpreted

BLOCK

zero

is

then

number

non-zero

ITERATED

the

outermost

DATA

of

portion

then

as

in

COUNT

this

of

data

then

DATA

BLOCKS recursion

ITERATED

of

the

data

that

one

field.

field

this BLOCK.

level,

is

this

CONTENT

number

of

bytes.

li~ited

is

ITERATED

bytes.

two

is

field

the

limited

DAT~

portion

If

of

ways,

a 1

is

number

to

17,

BLOCKS

DATA

of

non-zero

ITERATED

dependinq

byte

interpreted

of

i.e.,

to

17.

that

BLOCK.

this then DATA

on

count

as

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.9

************************************************* * * * * * * * *

* TYP *

*

* * * * * * *

*************************************************

This

an

8086

"unnamed

8~8~

information. if

any,

the

loadable

8t;.

memory

which

RECORD

This

PHYSICAL

REC

*

RECORD LENGTH

848

* * * * * *

record

absolute

addresses

The

follow.

LENG~H

record

absolute

imaqe

data

is

data

provides

may

segment"

constrained

may

ENUMERATED

*

NUMBER

contiquous

be

constructed.

and

is

subject

If

there

be

qenerated

record

(PEOATA)

FRAME

in

that

has

to

are

to

and

will

DATA

RECORD

* OFF * *

* SET *

data,

is

been

modification

FIXUPp·

be

less by

be

OAT * SUM

+-rpt-+

from The has

divorced

records

than

translators

also

data

been·

qenerated

CHK

which

belonqs

assiqned

from

by

following,

or

equal

*

a

portion

all

FIXUPP

to

by

to

absolute records,

1028.

produce

LOCATE-

of

the LSEG then

a

FRAME This

bytes

which

Successive locations the

desired

up

the

will

OFFSE'r

This

ranqe

OAT

If

to

1~24

repeated

NU

field

be

field

defines

data of

0

then

one

consecutive

...

.,SER

loaded.

to

an

or

field

the

memory.

15

specifies

location

bytes

adjustment

more

in

inclusive.

FIXUPP

bytes

is

ccnstrained

a

an

the The

of

Frame

offset

of

the

OAT

value

If

the

records

of

field

an

FRAME

an

only

Number

relative

first

of

OFFSET

follow

80S6

by

relative

data

occupy

is

value

NUMBER

then

memory

the

to

the

byte

RECORD

of successively constrained

qreater

should

this iMaqe.

which

FRAM~

the

OAT

than

be

done.

field

Otherwise,

LENGTH

the

data

NUMBER

field.

hiaher

to

be

15

provides field.

in is

64

808fi

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

PHYSICAL

ITERATED

( P

tDA

T

DATA

A,--

RECORD

*****************************************///*********** * * * * * * *

*

RECORD

LENG'rH

* REC *

*

TYP

*

86H

* * * * * * *

*****************************************///***********

This

an

8086

of

data object a memory

in

that

been

divorced

modification

FIXUPP be

less

record

memory

seqments

modules

imaqe.

it

has

records

than

imaqe when been

from

by

followinq

then

1025.

provides

may

and

"there

The

assiqned

the

FRAME

*

NUJ\1BER

*

be

provides

are

data

all

FIXUPP

ITERATED

*

* SET * * *

contiquous constructed.

repeated

belongs

absolute

LSEG

information.

records

DATA

OFF * ITERATED

DATA BLOCK

, ,

+-repeated--+

data.

a

mechanism

data

to

the

8086

BLOCK

from

It

allows

to

be

~unnamed

memory

The

if

any.

len~th

which reduce

used

addresses data

*

CHK

*

SUM

* *

a

initialization

the

to

absolute

is

If

is

constrained

*

portion

size

initialize

seqment

and subject there

of of

d

has

to

are

to

This

loadahle

8~.

FRAME

This

bytes

will OFFSET This

which

DATA

defines

BLOCK.

successively constrained

than

should

15

is

be

Same

record

absolute

NUMBER

field

be

loaded.

field

the Successive hiqher to

desired

done.

as

for

may

be

data

specifies

specifies location

locations

be

between

for

RIDATA

generated

record

a

of

data

OFFSET

record.

and

frame

an

the

bytes

of

~

then

by

translators

will

number

offset

first

in

be

relative

data

the

ITERATED

memory. The

and

15

inclusive.

an

adjustment

also

byte

qenerated

to

which

to

the

in

DATA

ranQe

If

of

to

FRA~E

the

BLOCK

of

a

value

FRAME

~roduce

by

LOCATE-

the

data

NUMBER

IT~RATED

occupy

OFFSET

laroer NUMBER

a

is

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

LOGICAL

-_._.

ENUMERATED

·------(tEDATA)"---·-·

DATA,RECORD

_

..... _ ...

***********************///*****************************

* * * * * * *

*

REC

*

RECORD

TYP

*

LENG'rH

ASH

* * * OFFSET * * *

*

SEG~ENT

*

INDEX

*

ENUMERATED*

*

DATA

*

OAT

* * * * * * *

***********************///*****************************

This

8086

memory probably further

The

SASE

be

found

INDEX.

attribute

relocatable.

record

NOT

processed

data

portion

in

If

is

image

he

provided

of

the

SEG~ENT

the not

provides

may

eventually

loaded

by

the

address

SEGMENT

absolute

contiquous

directly

808~

in

this

in

DEFINITION

INDEX

then

. I I

R&L

record

the

data

be

constructed.

by

products.

may

case

RECORD

specifies

data

from

an

80R~

helonq

of

an

specified

a

provided

+-rpt-+

which

loader

to.any

absolute

seament

by

*

CHK

*

SUM

a

portion

The

as

by

whose

this

*

data

it

must

LSEG. seqment the

SEGMENT

alianment

record

of

will

an be

The

is

This based) the

LOCATE-8~

S

EGt..,Er4'r

This the

SEGMENT The as

~umber

to

SEGMEN'r

one be

placed

LSEG's

ENUMERATED This

the

LSEG

relative

data

bytes memory. offset

SEGDEF

OAT

record

LINK-86

field

DEFINITIO~

DEFINITION

of

the

is

provided

into

with

absolute

field

that

location

in

If

is

relative

RECORD.

proaram

proaram.

INDE:X

must

attributes

LEDATA

DATA

specifies

is

specified

the

OAT

the

may

be

and

be

non-zero

RECORDS

RECORD

of

in

the

SEGDEF

RECORDs

LSEG's OFFSET

of

the

field

SEG~ENT

to

the

Frame

converted

will

be

found

may

the

seqrnent.

record.

so

can

be

an

offset

by

the

first

occupy

INDEX

specified

Number

to

a

converted

and

specifies

that

achieved.

that

SEGMENT

byte

of

successively

providect

HEDATA

to

an

to

that

In

Absolute

aroupinq

is

relative

INDEX

the

DAT

hiaher

an

absolute

RECORD

a

PEDATA

index

the

data

this

data

and

field.

in

the

by

the

RECORD

relative

LEDATA

case

must

of

to

RECORD.

is

absolute a

be

relocatable

the

~ase

defines

Successive

locations

LS~G

then

correspondinq

(8A8~

by

to

Frame

able

of

the

of

the

808fi

Object

Module

Formats

version

4.0

or

This

absolute

field

data.

provides

up

to

1024

consecutive

bytes

of

relocatahle

~7

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.9

LOGICAL

ITERATED

DATA

RECORD

---(LIDATA)----·-

***********************///*********************///***********

* * • * • * *

* REC *

* TYP *

• AlH * * *

* * *

*****.*****************///***~***********.*****///***********

This

an

80R5

probably

further

'l'he

portion

found

SEGMENT

data

provided

RECORD LENGTH

record

memory

NOT

processed

data

of

the

in

the

INDEX

provides imaqe

be

loaded

in address SEGDEF

specifies

by

this

*

SEGMENT

* INDEX *

contiquous

may

eventually

directly

by

the

808~

this

in

record

an

record

record the

specified

LSEG

~

ITERATED·

DATA

OFFSET

ITERATED *

*

DATA

*

BLOCK

CHK

*

SUM

* *

* • * *

I I

+-

r e

by

R~L

case

other

is

relocatable.

data,

be

an

808~

products.

may

of

belono

named

hy

than

pe a ted

from

which

constructed.

loa~er

to

absolute

the

SEG..,EN'r INDEX.

an

absolute

any

--+

a

as

LSEG.

data,

portion

The

it

LSEG

•

data

must

The will

then

If

of

will

be

BASE

be the the

This based) the

LOCATE-8~

SEGMENT

This the

SEGDEF

record

attributes

the

of

SEGDEF

relocatable

ITERATED

This

the

LSEG relative

Successive

·hiqher absolute provided

ITERATED

record

LINK-8~

proqram.

INDEX

field records

may

specify

of

the

record.

DATA

field

that

location

data

locatiorts

LSEG

in

the

DATA

may

program

must

and

be

found

that

LSEG.

The

LSEG's

with

OFFSET

specifies

is

specified

of

the

bytes

of

then

in

memory.

the

correspondinq

~LOCK

be

converted will

non-zero

In

this

LIDATA

absolute

an

first

the

offset

to

a RIDATA

be

converted

and

specifies

to

the data case

RECORD

is

a

Fra~e

is

LSEG's.

offset

byte

ITERATED

If

by

the

is

th~t

SEGMENT

in

DATA

SEG~ENT

relative

SEGOEF RECORD.

RECORD

to

a PIDATA

an

index

LIDATA HECORD.

a~solute

~umber

reauired

is

relative

INDEX

the

ITERATED

BLOCK

as

is

to

and

occuPy

INDEX

to

the

by

the

RECORD

relative The one

provided

allow

~roupina

the

base

defines

DATA successively

specified

Fr~me

(809~

by

to SEGOEF of

the

in

of

the

~LOCK.

an

Number

8086

Object

Module'

Formats

Version

4.8

Same

as

for

the

RIDATA

record.

-;9

8e8~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.8

This

modification

Each

location,

may

by

subseauently

Eight

for by a THREAD, same

th(;· 3ame

(in

fixup

be

specified

reference

A

THREAD

threads

tarqet

or

type

the

same

a

specification.

followinq

FIXUP

. (FIXUPP) .

RECORD

***********************///***********

* * * * *

*

REC

*

TYP

9CH *

*

RECORD

LENG'rH'

*

THREAD

*

or

* FIXUP

* * * * * ***********************///***********

I I

+----rpt----+

record

(fixup)

is

mode, a target

to

it

or

specifies"

specified

totally

a

precedinq

field be

referred

are

provided;

may

(TARGET

another

to

a

LOCATION by a FIXUP

within

specifies

be

referred

FIXUPP

0 r

FRAME)

FIXUPP

or

more

within

field

and a frame.

the

PIXUP

THREAD

a to four

Once a records),

field.

default

in

identifyinq

for

tarqet

to

by

and

thread

record).

frame

until

fixups.

a

that

The

field,

tarqet

or

followinq

another number

*

CHK

*

* SUM * *

previous frame

specification frame

*

Each

fixup

specifies

and

or

may

or

frame

a

tarqet

has

FIXUP

THREAD

(B

DATA

the

be

or

been

fields

3)

requests

record.

4

data:

tarqet

soecifiec

that

a

frame. and specified

(in

field

appear!

a

may

four

the

with

THREAD

The

structure:

TRD

is

OAT

a

field

with

the

followinq

format:

***********///*****

* * *

*

TRD

*

* INDEX

OAT

*

* NUI'18ER

*

or

FRAMe

*

* *

***********///*****

, I

+conditional+

(ThReaD

DATa)

subfield

is

a

byte

*********************************

* I

* 0 I 0 1 Z I

'1

I I I *

METHOD

I THRED *

* 1 I , I I I , *

*********************************

with

this

internal

70

8080

function,

Object

The

'Z'

that

Module

is

a

is

Formats

one

bit

required

subfield,

to

contain

currently

0.

without

Version

any

4.0

defined

The

is

beinq

and

if

0=1

METHOD

(0=0)

,

0

Thus,

required

will

methods what

the

numberd to

External the

or

If

•••

, 7

METHOD

be

If

kind

frame.

THRED

INDEX

METHOD

F~

are

0=0.

specified

0=1,

'0'

subfield

specified.

then

is

a

number

then

indicate

indicates

to

specify

then

F0,

••• , F6

(if

any)

is

the

or

FRAME

Index,

subfield.

specified

a

frame

a 3

between

~ETHOD

in

METHOD

a

frame

or

is

If

0=0

thread

bit

subfield

methods

what

the

a

primary

of

Index

number

or

tarqet

NU~8ER

Frame This

by

METHOD.

one

bit

then

is

0

and

=

(0,

1,

kind

target,

or

=

0,

1,

specifyinq

or

Frame

between

defined

contains

Number

subfield

that

a

tarqet

beinq

containinq

r,

(0=1).

2,

3,

,

T0

••• , T7

of without

secondary

2.

3,

a

Number

3

and

a

dependinq

will

specifies

thread

defined.

4,

5,

Index

4,

frame.

3,

by

the

Seqment

not

what

a

number

~,

7)

of

specifyinq

or indicatinq way.

5,

~

Here.

is

required

and

associates

THREAD

Index,

on

the

be

present

type

is

beinq

between

mod

4,

Frame

correspondinq

METHOD

field.

specification

Number

if

the

to

Group

if·F4

of

thread

defined

0

and

where a

tarqet.

tarqet

indicates

specify

a

~thread

Index.

or

3

the

is

to

in F5

FIXUP FIXUP

is

a

field

with

the

following

format:

***********************///*********///*********///***** * * * * * *

* *

*

LOCAT

*

FIX

OAT

*

* *

FRAME DATUM

* TARGET

*

DATUM

*

* TARGET

*

015-

*

PLACEMENT

*

* * * * * * ***********************///*********///*********///*****

r , , I

+conditional+conditional+conditional+

LOCAT

is

a

byte

pair

with

the

followinq

format:

*****************************************************************

* I , I

* 1 ,

~

I 5 I

* , I r

I ,

LOC

I r

I *

o A T*A

f *

I I I I

R E

COR

0

I I , !

, , I

OFF

5

~

I I , *

**************************************************-***-*********-

I

+---~--------lo~byte------------+------------hi

byte------------+

*

T *

71

808~

Object

M

is

self-relative

Module

a

one

bit

(M=0)

Formats

subfielG

or

segment

that

relative

sgecifies

the

(M=l).

mode

of

Version

the

4.8

fixUDS:

(~ote)

RIDATA, LICATA,

S

is

a

one

bit TARGET DISPLACEMENT field

number,

2's

will

be

5=0)

complement

either

or

form,

(Note)

LOC

preceding

'of

fset'

'hibyte'

The inclusive, of

LOCATION DATA in

record.

the

data

(Cautionary

record,

designate

COU~T

subfield deemed mal

formed

Cautionary

extension,

is

currently

is

a 3

DATA (LOC=l), (LOC=4).

DATA

that

fields

it

is

a

an

error.

reco

Note)

and

bit

Record

a •

RECORD

gives

(the

The

DATA

Note)

possible

~locationH

of

the

rd

is

Self-relative

or

PIDATA

subfield

subfield,

two

bytes

three

bytes

5=1).

3-byte

are

subfields

not

mandatory. subfield

to

base'

(Other

values

OFFSET

the

relative

actual

bytes

RECORD

in

the

DATA

If

for

within

ITERATED

LINK-86's

undefined,

that

if

(containing

currently

(End

indicatinq

be

fixed

(LOC=2),

in is beina

OFFSET

RECORDs.

the

value

DATA

and

fixups records.

specifies

present,

are of

up

a •

LOC

a

number

position

fixed

is

precedinq a REPEAT

field. LOCATE-86's

and

probabl

may

NO~

(End"

that

(see

a

sioned

a

possible supported. Note)

that

are

a

po

inter'

are

invalid.)

of

up)

relative

DATA

of

DATA

COUNT

Such"

y

be

applied

of

Note)

the

below),

l~-bit

24-bit

Thus,

the

byte(s)

'lobyte'

between the

lowest

within

to

the

record RECORD

subfield

a

action

awkward.

to

lenoth

in

non-ne~ative

this

of

FIXUP

number

future

S=0

in

(LOC=~),

(LOC=3),

0

order

the

first

is

OFFS~T

or

and

1023,

byte

precedinq

byte

an

IDATA

a

BLOCK

reference

on

such

(end

the

in

the

an

a

to

is

a

of

this

by and F=l

most

with in

72

the

FIX

DAT

F

is

FIXUP FRAME

the

F

is is

bit.

corresponds

then

PRAME

recently

the

same

saMe,

is

a

one

specified a

defined

thread

or

a

byte

with

the

following

format:

*********************************

* ,

* F I

* I

I ,

FRAME

I I

I I I , *

I

TIP

I

TARGT

I I r I *

*********************************

bit

number

If

F

to

methods

is

in

an

subfield

by a thread

interpreted

is

zero

F~,

a

thread

by a THREAD

number.

earlier

that

in

then

FRAME

••••

number

field

(Note

FIXUPP

specifies

(F=l)

one

F~

of

(0-3).

that

record.)

or

explicitly

of

two

is

a

number

specifyina

It

~efined

the

THREAD

whether

*

ways

between

a

specifies

a

field

the

frame

(F=~).

as

indicated

FRA~E.

the

frame

~ay

J

and

frame

thrend

aopear

for

h

If

808fi

Object

'r

specified

or

is

P

specified specified Since the

P

attribute

is

aiven

is

a

bit

Module

a

one

for

explicitly

a

one

in

a

in

a tarqet is

the

of

the

Formats

bit

this

bit

subfield

fixup

subfield

primary

secondary

thread

only

target

is

defined

in

the

that

way

does

field

way

(requires

(requires not that

specification.

that

FIXUP

indicates

have

specifies by

reference

field

a

TARGET

no

a

primary/secondary

specifies

(T=0).

whether

DISPLACEMENT,

TARGET

the

Version

whether

to

a

the

thread

tarqet

DISPLACEMENT,

attribute,

primary/secondary

target

CT=l).

P-0)

P=l).

4.8

~

or

TARGT

provides

T3

or

as

the

a

T4,

high

by a thread

FRAME

and

is

a

Number. specified F5

or

Ffi.

'fARGET

specification.

Index

when

or

the

TARGET

by

"primary"

is

present

is

interpreted

number

••• , T7, order

(T=l)

DATU~

Segment

The

is

Index,

FRAME

neither

DATUM

and

a

Frame

target

is

DISPLACEMENT

ways

iff

P=0.

between

0

depending

bit

of

TO,

then

TARGT

the

"referent"

a

DATUM

Grou·p

subfield

by a thread

is

a

Segment

Number.

not

specified

is

of

specifyinq

as

and

on

••• , T7).

specifies

(F=O)

the

The

TARGET

the

a

two

3,

corresponding

the

value

a

portion

Index,

is

an

present

nor

II

referent"

Index,

a

DATU~

by a thread

2-

or

3-byte

TARGETs.

bit

subfie1d.

of

P

When

the

thread

of

External

explicitly

Group

subfield

(T=0).

This

to

methods

(P

can

be

tarqet

number

a

frame

specification,

Index,

only

when by

methods

portion

Index,

is

displacement

2-

or

3-byte

When

interpreted

ia

specified

(0-3).

or

the

of

a

an

present

T=I,

T0,

•••

a

Frame

frame

F4

tarqet

External

only

required subfie1d

it

,

is

or

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4."

OVERLAY

***********************///*********1

DEFINITION

(OVLDEFf

1'1*********///***********

RECORD

----

--

* * * * * * *

*

REC

*

* TYP *

*

70H

*

RECORD

LENG'fH

*

OVERLAY

* NAME

*

* * * * * * *

***********************///*********~

This

overlay

loader in

the

OVERLA~(NAME

The

1

or

more

The ordering OVLDEF These

field

numbers of

in may object

OVERLAY

LSEG's ordering

on

records

followinq

Record the

object

use

this

file.

the

are

provides

NAME

and/or

set

are

used

OVLDEF

file,

record

field

Groups

of

OVLOEF

of

all

considered

as

..

*

the

and

to

locate

provides

may

Overlays

dOverlay

records.

OVERLAY

LOCATION

OVERLAY

*

ATTR

*

111*********///***********

overlay

the

attributes

be

Records

defined

to

Indices·

the

a

name

referenced

be

name,

data

within

records

by

in

numbered:

in

the

of

which

for

a

the

module

* CHK *

*

SUM

* *

location

overlay.

of

the

a

collection

load

ina.

module.

1,

2,

OVERLAY

*

overlay

induces

3,

of

Thus,

4,

ATTR

the

A

of

an

•••

an

overlay

any

record

in

bytes

records

Overlay

definition

referrinci OVERLAY The

OVERLAY

relative

in

the

OVERLAY

The

OVERLAY

indices

LOCATION

LOCATIO~

to

overlay.

ATTR

***********///*********///*****

* * * * * * SHARED *

*

* * INDEX *

*

***********///*********///*****

may

not

be

forward

to

the

SA

record

that

field

*

defininq overlay

is

a

start

has

OVERLAY

4-byte

of

the

*

I I I

+conditional+conditionnl+

the

with

field

the

file

followino

*

referrinq.

kith

index

ADJACENT *

OVERLAY

INDEX *

which

of

overlay

k.

the

format:

*

That

must

~ives

first

is

the byte

to

say,

precede

location

of

the

74

8086

the

function.

overlay indicated

overlay

indicated

Object

The

followinq

Z's

S

A

Module

SA

subfield

format:

indicates

These

(shared)

will

(adjacent)

will

in

have

the

have the

Formats

provides

**************************~******

information

for

memory

layout.

* I I I I I , I *

* z I Z I Z I Z I Z I Z I S I A *

* I I I I , I I *

*********************************

that

bits

is to

SHARED

to

ADJACENT

are a

be

is

be

these

I-bit loaded OVERLAY

a

I-bit

required

I-bit loaded

OVERLAY

field

at

INDEX

field

to

the

next INDEX

be

zero.

that. same field.

that,

in field.

have

if

location

if

memory

not

1,

been

indicates

as

indicates

to

Version

assigned

that

the

that

the

4.8

It

has

the

overlay

the

overlay

a

The

subfield

indicates and/or at

the

The

subfield

indicates the

current

the

same

SHARED

is

1,

that

the

groups

same

location.

ADJACENT

is

1,

that

OVLDEF

names

OVERLAY

points

the

with

OVERLAY

points

the

in

the

to

segments

same

to

seqments

record

indicated

INDEX

a

previously

names

INDEX

a

previously

must

subfield,

with

subfield,

and/or

be

overlay.

same in

the

qroups

loaded

present

defined

seqment

two

present

defined

in

adjacent

if

OVLDEF

names

overlays

if

OVLDEF

the

overlay

to

bit

and

must

bit

the

S

in

record

class

be

A

in

record

defined

ones

the

SA

and

names

loaded

the

SA

and

by

with

75

808~

Object

Module

Formats

END

RECORD

--(ENOREe)

*******************************

*

* *

REC

TYP

78H

* * *

*

RECORD LENGTH

* * *

END * CHK

*

TYP

* * * * *

*******************************

*

SUM

*

* *

Version

4."

as

a

format:

ends:

This block.

END·TYP

~his

TYP

field

is

TYP

-0' -

1 End

2

3

record

and

a

two

TYPE

End-

-of

(Illeqal) (Illeqal)

is

used

an

overlay.

specifies

to

the

denote

type

of

the

end

set.

of

a

*********************************

* I I I I I I

* Z I Z , Z I Z I Z I z I

* I I I I I I

I *

TYP *

I *

*********************************

bit

OF

-o-virlay

of

block

subfield

END

that

specifies

the

set

ot

It

has

fO'llowinq

records

the

such

followinq

types

of

z

functIon.

indicates

These

th~t

bits

this are

bit

has

required

not to

currently

be

zero.

been

assianed

a

808~

Object

Module

*****************************///***********

* * * * * *

*

REC

*

TYP

*

708

* * * * * *

*****************************///***********

Formats

REGISTER INITIALIZATION RECORD

-

..

*

------

RECORD LENGTH

..

--fREGiNT,-----44-----

*

REG

* REGISTER *

*

TYP * CONTENTS

*

CHK SUM

*

* * * * *

I I

+----repeated-----+

Version

4.0

This registers/register-pairs: purpose reqisters

REG·TYP The

also

the

currently zero.

reqisterslreqister-pairs

indicates

REGID

of

for

REG

field.

are

been

is

record this

initiation

TYP

I-bit

assigned

a two

provides

CS

and

information

of

execution.

field the

It

*********************************

type

has

provides

of

the

followinq

reqister

information

IP,

is

for

the

SS

and

SP,

OS,

a

loader

reqister/reqister-pair

content

format:

to

specification

* , I I I I I , *

*

REGID

*

*********************************

subfields

, Z I Z I Z I Z I Z I L *

I I I I , I I *

a

function.

bit

as

follows:

which

subfield

indicate

These

that

bits

specifies

these

are

about set

required

the

and

the

bits

na~e

the

ES.

neccessary

name.

given

have

to

of

8086

The

not

the

It in

be

REGID

o

1

2

3

L CONTENTS reauires

offset

the

specifications

correspondinq

~~9!§!https://manualmachine.com/~~~l.EJ~~=~~!~

CS

and

IP

SS

and

SP

OS

ES

is

a

field

fixinq

one

is

bit to up

reqister/reqister-pair.

field

be

interpreted

by

LINK-8~/LOCATE-8~,

(L=0)

that

appropriate

indicates

as

a

for

loqical

or

the

whether

address

as

the

(L=l)

a

pair

initialization

of

REGISTER

that

base

and

of

77

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

REGISTER The

fo

rmats:

First

same address

and

field

DATU~,

method

form

In

manner

the

REGISTER

this

to

FIXUPP

have

and

TARGET

F4

is

CONTENTS

(L=l)

field

has

either

of

***********///*********///***************** * * * * *

*

REG

*

OAT

*

* *

FRA~E

DATUM

* *

*

TARGET

DATUM

*

TARGET

*

015-

*

PLACEMENT

* * * *

***********///*********///*****************

, I I I

+conditional+conditional+conditional+

case

as

a the

not

the

reqister

in

the

specification

physical

record.

same DISPLACEMENT

allowed.

semantics

address

The

contents

above

fields

of

as

used

subfields

as

the

in

are

the

in

FIX

the

specified

mappina

the

discussion

of

the

DAT,

FRAME

FIXUPP

REGISTER

the

*

* *

in

exactly

of

DATU~,

record.

following

a

logical

of

fixups

CONTENTS

TARGET

Frame

the

§~~~

~~._!2!!!'

LINK-86/LOCATE-8~

field

into

The

_J~=!l

a

REGISTER 3ASE

field

will

having

the

convert following

the

format:

above

*****///*****************

* * *

* REGISTER

*

BASE

*

* REGISTER * * OFFSET *

* *

* * *

*****///*****************

field

*****///*********///*****************

* * * *

*

GROUP

INDEX

*

* *

, I

+conrlitional+

has

the

SEGMENT

INDEX

followino

*

FRAME

*

~UM8ER

for~at:

* * * *

*****///*********///*****************

I ,

+contiitional+

REGISTER

*

* *

CONTENTS

78

808~

Object

Module-

Formats

Version

4.1

The field record.

The specifies or

to

format

is

identical

REGISTER OFFSET an

offset

the

FRAME

(if

(Note)

absolutely

base field

of

for

of

the

is

the

corresPQnding

the

initialization

(REGID =

determined

If

GROUP

the

value

If

offset

the

location

REGISTER

specified

GROUP

relative

OFFSET).

and

to

the

relative

SEGCt1EN'r

Once

located

object

appropriate

0)

or

as

follows:

INDE·X = 0,

INDEX

to

specified

interpretation

LOCAL

SY~BOL

field

to

the

INDEX

the

(by

=

seqments

a

loader

pointed

value

base

reqister.

of

the

SP

the

in

the

REGISTER OFFSET

>

0,

the

base

by

(End

of

Note)

BASE

(present

Seqment

0)

•

to for

either

reqister

offset

the

of

the

of

the

described

only

(if

SEGMENT

and/or

or

LOCATE-8~),

by

the

REGISTER

the

initialization

The

the

(REGID =

value

offset specified

pair

(SEGMENT

above

if

groups

offset IP

is

given

field.

value

qroup

REGISTER BASE

in

the

REGID

INDEX

LOCSYM

<=

)

are the

BASE

value

reqister

1)

is

by

is

the

of

INDEX,

1)

0)

79

8g8~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.8

This module specified

true

then

MOD

This allocation

MODULE

----(MODEND)

~ND

RECORD

*****************************///***********

* * * * • *

*

REC

*

RECORD

*

TYP

*

LENGTH

*

8AH

* • * * *

* * * * * * *****************************///***********

record

and

entry the

'ryp

field and

serves

indicates

point

execution

specifies

associated

for

* *

two

purposes.

whether

initiation

address

the

meanings

MOD

*

START

TYP

*

ADDRS

. 1 ,

+conditional+

It

the

is

module

of

execution.

specified.

attributes

are

as

follows:

*

CHK

*

SUM

denotes

just

of

the

•

*

the

terminated

If

module.

the

end

latter

of

has

The

a

is

bit

MATTR attr

ibutes:

MA'r'rR

--O-~-·

L

as

a

Ioqical

(L=l)

and

IP

Z

functIon.

1

2

3

indicates

or

as

registers indicates

These

*********************************

* I I t I I I I *

*

MATTR

* I I I , I I , *

*********************************

is

a two

~ODULE

Non=maln-inOd

~on-main

Main

~a

in

address

a

physical

bit

ATTRI8UTE

~odule

module !nod

ule

wheth£r

that

of

the

that bits

I Z , Z I Z I Z 1 z I L •

subfield

uTe-wi

with wi

address

8085

this are

with

th

the requires

bit

required

that

th

no

START

no

START

S'rAR~r

START

ADDRS

fixinq

appropriate

(L=~).

has

not

to

specifies

ADDRS

ADORS

field

currently

be

zero.

up for

the

followinq

is

to

by

LINK-8n/LOCATE-8~

placement

been

be

interpreted into

assioned

module

the

CS

a

8'"

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.8

'rhe

either

The other startingthe

same

address

record. semantics DISPLACEMENT allowed.

START

of

the

starting

logical

address

manner

as The

Frame

ADDRS

following

field formats:

(present

only

if

MATTR

***********///*********///*****************

* * * * *

*

END

*

FRAME

*

DAT

*

DATU~

* * * *

* TARGET * TARGET *

*

DATUM

*

D1S-

PLACEMENT

* * * * *

***********///*********///*****************

I I I I

+conditional+conditional+conditional+

reference

specified above

as

flelds

as

the

method

address to

a

mapping

subfields

FIX in

of found physical-

any in

OAT,

the

FIXUPP

F4

is

the

of

not

a

module

in

a

startinq

other

discussion

the

FRAME

allowed.

module.

loqical

START

DATUM,

record.

has

all

The

address

of

ADDRS

TARGET

Only

the

attributes

mappinq

is

fixups

field

DATU,,,,,

·primary·

is

*

done

to

ahd have

1

of

a

or

a

loqical

in

exactly

physical

the

the and fixups

3)

has

of

any

FIXUPP

same

TARGET

are

START

address,

~odule

insertion

defines execution.

register

AQDRS

When

FRAME

OFFSET

the

will

the

for

(second

logical

START

NUMBER

beqin

into

specifies

exact

This program

the

form)

address

ADDR£

field

is

takes

mapped,

on

************************* * * * *

*

FRAME

NUMBER

OFFSET

* * *

* * * * *************************

specifies

execution.

CS

reqister

location

value

initiation.

an

is

a for

offset

of

the

appropriate

frame

This

proqram

relative

first

by

LOCATE-8~,

the

following

number value

initiation. tn

nyte

for

* *

relative is

the

at

insertion

to

format:

to

appropriate

FRAME

NUMBER

which

a

which

to

into

physical

the for

which

~eqin

the

IP

Rl

8~8~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

LIBRARY

HEADER

RECORD

-------fCfSHED)------

************************************************************* * * * * * * *

*

REC

*

RECORD

*

TYP

*

LENGTH

A4H * * * * * *

* * * * * * * * *************************************************************

This immediately the

modules MODULE DICTIONARY

MODULE

This

may

have

record

precedes are

NAMES

RECORD.

COU~T

...

field

any

value,

RECORD,

_--

*

MODULg

*

is

the

three

more

indicates

includinq

COUNT

fir~t

modules

records

LIBRARY

how many

*

.*

NUMBER

record

(if

MODULE

zero.

BLOCK

any)

in

the

LOCATIO~S·RECORD,

modules

*

BYTE

*

NUMBER

in

a

library

in

the

library.

followinQ

are

in

the

*

order:

library.

CHK

SUM

file.

and

*

It

Followinq

LIBRARY LIBRARY

It

of

the

ISIS-II

These

LIBRARY

file

fields

MODULE

format.

indicate

NAMES

the

relative

RECORD

in

the

location library

of

file,

the

first usinq

byte

the

82

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

The th

eli

name

This

names

bra

The of

ry

the

LIBRARY.

MODULE

NAMES

RECORD

(LiSNAM)

***********************///***********

* * * * *

* REC *

* TYP *

*

A6H

RECORD

LENGTH

*

* *

***********************///***********

record

are

•

i'th

qiven

MODULE

module

qives

in

the

NAME in

names

same

field

the

MODULE

*

NAME

*

I I

+-repeated--+

of

all

the

sequence

in

library.

the

as

record

*

* SUM *

* *

CHK

modules

the

*

in

modules

contains

the

appear

the

library.

in

module

A3

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4."0

file, LHEADH

the

order

~~OCK-

the

module

library

LIBRARY

MODULE

(LIBLOC)

LOCATIONS

RECORD

------~-.-

*************************************************

* * * * * *

REC

*

TYP

*

ASH

*

* *

*

RECORD

LENGTH

*

NUMBER

*

BLOCK

*

NUI~BER

*

BYTE

CHK

*

SUI.,

*

* * * *

*************************************************

+--------reoeated-------+

This

The

record

of

or

RHEADR

order

of

i'th

within

provides

the

NUMBER~

the

file

first

of

pair

the

record)

the

modules

of

library,

the

relative

byte

block-number/byte-number

~XTE

of

the

of

each

within

~UMBER

fields first

byte

usinq

the

module

the

provides

of

the

first

library.

the

ISIS-II

location,

record

in

the

relative

first

library. pairs

file

within-

(

either

record

format.

*

..

the

a

THEADR

corresponds

location

of

the

library

or

t~

within

i'th

84

8086

Object

Module"

Formats

version

4.8

This

library.

in

the

format Thus, names

~ibrary.

the

in

LIBRARY DICTIONARY

--

.....

.-.-

(LIBDIC)

R~CORD

***********************///*****************

* * * * * *

*

REC

*

TYP

*

RECORD LENGTH

* PUBLIC * * CHK *

*

NAME

* 00H *

SUM

* AAH * * * * *

* * * * * *

***********************///*****************

I I I

record

Since

the

are

'00'

ilth

qives

a

bytes

group

all

name

distinquishable

must

separate

are

+-re~eated--+

+----repeated-----+

the

names

have

defined

of

a

non-zero

from

the

in

public

PUBLIC

the the

I

symbols

lenqth,

PUBLIC

NAMES

i'th

*

the

NAME

into

module

within

'00'

fields.

qroups;

of

the

bytes

all

the

85

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

***********************************///***********

* * * * * * *

* TYP * * * * * ***********************************///***********

This

information

COr-1M

This record. those format

processes

of

COMMENT

RECORD

(COMENTf---

REC

*

RECORD

LENGTH

8SH

* * * * *

record in

object

EN'r

TY

P E

field This

this

indicates allows that

field

wish

*

COM~ENT

* TYPE *

allows

text.

the

commentary

to

is

as

follows:

translators

type

information

selectively

* *

COM~ENT

* * *

to

of

comment

act

CHK

*

SUM

include

carried

to

be

on

*

commentary

structured

comments.

by

this

for The

******************************************************************

* N I N I I I I I I *

*pl

LI

ZI

zl

ZI

z*

COMMEN'r

CLASS

******************************************************************

The

NP

not

purqable

capability

The

COMMENT

utility

CO,.,EN'r

The

(NOPURGE)

by

of

deletinq

NL

(NOLIST)

field

proqrams

reco

COMMENT

1

2-155

l5~-255

is

rds.

object

not

CLASS

Lanquaqe

Intel_'£~2Y..E!9.!:!~_~~,!,!!~~~.

set.

Reserved

Reserv~d

apply

bit.

to

which

if

file

COMENT

field

no

utility

bit, be

listed

implement

translator

for for

semantics

1.

record. if

is

defined

Intel

users.

indicates

.proqrams

1,

indicates

in

the

comment

use.

to

that

listinq

capabiltiy

as

follows:

'rhe

Intel

these

the

which

that

NP

prorlucts

values.

COMENT

file

of

bi

t mLlst

implement

the

text

of

ohject

listina

will

record

in

object

he

*

is

the

file

8086

Object

COM(t1ENT

Module

Formats

Version

4.8

This

field

provides

the

commentary

information.

P7

SgS6

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.1

NUMERIC

APPENDIX

LIST

~E

RHEADR

70

REGINT

72

REDATA

74

RIDATA

76

OVLDEF

78

ENOREC

7A

BLKOEF

7C

BLKEND

7E

DEBSY~

80

THEADR

82

LHEADR

84

PEOATA

86

PIDATA

88

COJ'ltENT

8A

MOOEND

BC

EXTDEF TYPDEF

8E

9"

PUBDEF

92

LOCSY~

94

LINNUM

9t;

LNAMES

98

SEGDEF

9'"

GRPDEF

9C

FIXUPP

9E

A0

LEDATA

A2

LIDATA

A4

LIBHED

AF,

LIBNAM

A8

LIBLOC

AA

LIBDIC

OF

(none)

1

RECORD

TYPES

ae

8086

Object

Module

Formats

APPENDIX 2

Version

4.8

The without Andleaves

Types

leaves relations,

and

Orleaves

may

be

+------~~+----~-----+---~~----------+

+--~-----+~--------+~---~------~--+

REPRESENTATIONS

diagrams

Leaves,

not

supported

by

branches

I

(length)

+------

I POINTER ,

...

_---+

,

(scalar

Index

at

of

the

may

Leaves

this

followinq

type)

be

time.

Numeric

or

Null

forms:

,

Leaves

Leaves.

in

defined

I

SCALAR

the

Strinq

TYPE

following

are

+-----.-----+

+-----~-~-+----------~-+-~-------~+

,

SCALAR

(length)

I

@pointer

I

+-------~---+----------+~-----------~---~--~-+~--------~-----------+

I STRUCTURE I

(lenqth)

I

(number

of

components)

I

~list

of

components

I

+-~-------~-+--------~-+----------------------+--~----~---~---------+

+------+-

I

LIST

+------+---+---+---+

+--~~---+----~-----+-------+

I

ARRAY I (lenqth)

+-----~~+----------+-~-----+

...

-+---+---+

, ? I ? I ? I

.

...

I

~type

+---+

I ? ,

+---+

,

89

8086

+--~-~------+-----+-------+-~-~~-----+---~--~~~~---------~----+-------+

I

PROCEDURE I nil

Object

Module

I

~type

Formats

+----~------+-~-----+

I

PARAMETER

I

(return)

I

~type

,

(number

I

of

parameters)

Version

I

Alist

4.

I

+~----~-----+--~--+-------+----------+-----------~------------+-~-----+

+-------+-----+---~------+

I

LABEL I nil

I

(return)

I

where IN'rEGER. indicates,

should following

for EDOJ86,

and and proqrams Numeric

this

qive

2. translator

FORTRAN-8~).

-(scalar

or

REAL. •

in

be

a

"short"

values

99

100

101

102 103 104 105 10f' 107 108 109 110

III

(Note)

the

(althouqh

SCALAR,

are

choice a

For

type)·

(return)"

the

case

jump

are

assiqned:

INTERRUPT FILE PACKED UNPACKED

SET

(

reserved CHAMELEON BOOLEAN

'fRUE

FALSE CHAR

INTEGER

CONST

1.

The

convenience

and

OJED8~.

conceptually

for

example,

rather

may

correctly

Leaf

as

correctly

wronq

more

identifier.

detailed

EPS's

(end

of

or

for

above

1arqe,

a

(e.q.

of

can can

a LABEL.

a

-lonqd

1enqth)

(decimal)

of

All

there

can't

so

decide

number

most

type

Note)

be

either

be

ei

ther

jump,

112 113 114 115

lIn

117

118

119

120

121 122 123 124 125 126 127

utility.

numbers

is

be

that

of

AS~-8~,

object

whether

or

as

the

descriPtions

UNSIGNED INTEGER. SIGNED

SHORT

whether

respectively),

(reserved

a

or

jump

for

LONG

to

the

1enath)

and

LABEL LONG SHORT PROCEDURE PARAMETER DIMENSION ARRAY

(

reserved

for

len<1th) STRUCTURE POIN'rER SCALAR

U~SIGNED

INTEGER SIGNED INTEGeR REAL LIST

values

proqrams

no

the

an

identifier,

time,

PLM-8~,

are

reason

same

module

to

represent

are

chosen

such

as

different

why

REAL

number),

display

make

and

PASCAL-~~,

see

never

the

a

(wh

l.Jbel

ich the

8086

Object

Module

Formats

APPENDIX 3

version

4.e

+------------+

--+-->1

I I

. I

1-->1

sequence

1

+----------+

+---------+

library

1

+---------+

sequence

+--

...

-----+

--+-->1

A +

+------~--~----~+

library

module

___ ~ ___

1--+-->

_+

1

SYNTAX

DIAGRAMS

-~~(

module

LIBHED

-~~~~~-~

+------+

--+-->1 tmod

I

-+------+

I

+------+

+-->

+--

I lmod

I

+------+

I

+------+

> 1 rmod 1

I

+------+

I

+------+

+-->1 omod

+------+

)--+---------------+-->(

~

+--------+

+--1

module

1<--+

+---------+

1--+-->

....

I

1--+

....

,

--+

....

I

1--+

LIBNAM

I

~------~

)-->(

LIBLOC

~~------

)-->(

LIBDIC

---~~-~-

)-->

91

tmod

8086

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4""

-->(

Imod

-->(

---------

rmod

-->(

THEADR

LHEADR

RHEADR

+---~~----

) -> I

sqr

...

table

---+

,-+---~~--~---+--+---~~-------~---+->I

+-----------+

+~

..

---.----~

)->1

sgr

table

+--------.--~

+---

+~--~------+

sqr

..

~-.--

table

1-+-----------+--+----------------+->1

ft

+-1

..

-+

I-+------~----+--+----------------+->I

_

+-1

...

+

....

____

+ I

data

+------+

+~~-~-~+

data

+------+

1<-+

I A

1<-+

+-It_componentl<-+

+-It

+-------------+

component

1

1<-+ +-1

+------------+

+---~------~+

+----_

...

_----+

+-----------+

co~ponentl<-+

I

+------------+

modtail

1--

+---------+

+--~-

+-----

+---

...

----+

modtail

..

--~-+

...

-----+

modtail

1--

+---------+

omod

-->(

RHEADR )->1

~~-------

+~--

+~----------+

sqor

....

~-----+

table

1-------------+----------------+->1

+---,..

0

+------~----+

+-Io_componentl<-+

+-----------+

,

+--=~~------+

..

------+

modtail

1--

92

sqr

808~

_table

Object

+-------~-+

+

____

~_~

__

-->1

seq

+ I ________ A

qrp

1--+---------------+-->

Module

Formats

Version

4.0

sgor

-->1

_table

+----~

+----~----+

+--(

seq

-----

LNAMgS

....

---+

qrp

1--+---------------+--+---------------+-->

......

--

)<--+

+-->(

~

+--(

REGINT

----~---

OVLDEF

I

+--(

)--+

)<--+

---------

SEGDEF

I f

+-->(

)<--+

~~-~~--~

REGINT

I

--------

+--(

,

+--(

I

+--(

TypOEF

---~~~-~

...

..,-~-..,

EXTDEF

--------

~-

GRPDE~

..

--~--

~

)--+

I

)<--+

I

.. - I

)<--+

-, I

)<--+

rnodtail

--+--------------_+~->(

I

+--> ( REGINT

--+---------------+--+---------------+-->(

A

+--{

-~---~--

_~~

___

~_

OVLDEF

)<--+

~

)--+

"

MODE~D

~~------

________

+-->(

REGINT

)-->

)--+

~

MODEND

_______

_

)--}

93

o

_component

8986

Object

~odule

Pormats

Version

4,

--~-+---------~~--+--+-~-----------~------+-->(

-->(

~

+--~---+

+--1

+~---~~+

t.

_component

'fHEADR

data

)--+------------------+-->

, -

1<--+ +--1

A

+_

+--1

+-~--~--------+ I -----~--

t_component

+------~------+

...

_----------

compOnent

1<--+

1

ENOREe

)-->

+-----------+

component

+--

..

--+--->1

I

1

+--------------+

+-->1

+--------------+

------~--

data

+--

...

--------~-+

debug

_reco

rd

..

+

1--+-->

I

1--+

94

iata

+---------------+

--+-->1

I +

I

+------------+

+-->1

I

+----~--.:----+

I

+---->(

t

,

+---->(

I I

+---->(

8e8~

content

____ ~ ___

thread

Object

=

def

--------

TYPDEF

--------

PUBDEF

--~----~

-----~--

EXTDEF

Module

deE

1---+-->

____

+ A

1--->+

)----->+

Formats

I

I I

Version

4.rtJ

--+-->(

t

I

+-->

I

+-->

t

I

+-->

I

+-->(.

..

_------

LOCSYM

________

------~-

(

LINNUM

--------

~-------

( BLKDEF

--------

(

BLKEND

--------

DEBSYM

)---+-->

)-->+

A

,

t

,

t

I

t

1

95

88.8~

Obj

ect

Mod

ule

Pormats

Version

4.

content

--+-->(

I I

+-->

I

+-->(

,

I

+-->(

I

+-->(

I I

+-->(

thread

def

LIDATA

---~-~--

)---+--+---------------+-->

--------

(

LEDATA ) -->+

---~-~--

---~----

PIDATA

----~---

--------

PEDATA

----~~--

)-->+

--------

RIDATA

--~-~---

-~---~--

REDATA

)-->+

def

- A I

I I

I

I ,

~--~~---

+--(

FIXUPP

-------

I

)<--+

--->(

FIXUPP

)-->

~ote:

Must

contain

thread

fields

only.

9~

808~

Object

Module

Formats

APPENDIX 4

Version

4.9

This supplemented Fixupsd. fixups

in

understandinq

In

the

linker

and

Examples

examples

The

of

diaqrams

appendix

a

paper,

It

is

included

pictorial

the

8086

followinq

LOCATE

is

of

Self-relative

the

Seqment-relative

are

coded

EXAMPLES

was

now

originally

obsolete,

here

represe~tation,

fixup

meehanisms.

examples,

name

of

fixu~s

fixups

KEY

TO

SAMPLe

as

follows:

OF

called

because

we

a

locater

appear

FIXUP

FIXU~S

written

"Overview

it

and

assume

for

a~pear

in

DIAGRAMS

in

provides

therefore

that the

in

PART 1 of

PART

November

of

copious

LINK

808~

2.

is

R&L

this

1977,

Proposed

examples

an

the

aid

name

system.

appendix1

and

8086

of to

of

a

PPP LLL

~~~

. . .

indicates indicates indicates

the the

real

boundary

memory

of

a

PSEG

of

an

LSEG

boundaries

868~

Object

~odule

Formats

Version

4.a

PART

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP P

p-

- -

p

P

p

P P

P

P P

p

P

p

P

P P

P

P P

P

p

P

P P

P P P

P

P P

P

P P

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

-

+------~------+

TARGET

+-----~

+--~.----------+

LOCATION

+ .......... ~-....

-

.. -... --..

-----

-

--

-+

.. +

1.

p

P

p

P

SELF-RELATIVE

PSEG

P

p

P

P P

P

<-

->

PP

PT

REFERE~CES

,

I

PPPPPPPPPPlppppPPPPPPP P

p-

- -

p

P

+

..

P

P P P P P

~

P P

P

P P

P P P

P

P P

P

P P

P

P.

P

pppppppp~ptppPP?PPPPPP

_-_

LOCATION

+_

..

_-------_

+-------------+ +-------------+

I

-1-

-

I

,

I

....

__

TARGET

,

I I

t

- - -

..

_---+

....

-

_+

P

P P

P

P P P P

P

P P

P

P P

P

p p

P P P P

<-

PP

PT

PP

-

point

PT -point

If diaqrams, distance and

is

commonly

98

defininq defining

the

then between

PSEG, the

positions

the

arrows

the

zero.

usually

TARG~T

of

would

tepef

an

LSEG

LOCATIO~

Doint

the

PSEG

and

down

anrl

TARGET

instead

point

Pi?

were of

is

exchanqerl

UP.

less

than

in

~ote:

1~

bytes,

the The

909~

1

Self-Relative

Object

Module

Intraseq~ent

Formats

References

LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL L L

L L

L

L L

+--------------+

+----~----~---~+

TARGET

L

L L

L L L L L L

L

L LOCATION L L

L I L L I L L I L

L I L

+--------~--------~-+

+~--------~---------+

L

L V L

L

+--------------+

TARGET

+-~~~----------+

L

L L

L L L L

L L

L L LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

Version

4.0

fixup,

Self-Relative

the

translator

references

puts

the

within

appropriate

a

sin~le

value

LSEG

into

no

not

LOCATION.

require

a

99

808~

Object

Module

Formats

Version

4.1

1.2

Self-Relative

Example:

LLLLLLLLLLLLLL

A

L L L L

L

LLLLLLLLLLLLLL

Both

FIXUP. REPRESENTATION:

LSEG's

-

..

--

Self-relative

+--_

LOC

+--.-------+

--_.-

Interseqment

......

_--+

,-----~-------

are

created

-.

References

jump

<-

L L L

L L L L L L

in

or

call

pp

I

---------->1

the

S~Me

to

B

LLLLLLLLLLLLLL

L

L L

L

LLLLLLLLLLLLLL

translation.

another

+--------+

TARGET

+~-----

segment.

I

...

-+

L L

L L L L

,

dl

I

V

<-

P'E

LINK.

above

LOCATION: OFFSET

P5EG:

TARGET:

OPERATION:

If

L5EG B

form

by

a'

B

51

(A)

SI(B)

or

51

combines

chanqinq

(thi

,dl

(B)

SI(B)

••••••.•••••••

LLLLLLLLLLLLLL L

L

+--------+

,

'fARGET

L

+--------+

L L L LLLLLLLLLLLLLL

(see

,

or

sis

diaqram

then

,dl

•

d2

..

L

dl

V

L L L L L L

LOBYTE

the

the to

I

v

=>

most

LINKER SI(8)

B

common

and

discussion

will

,dl+d2

L L

+--------+

,

TARGET

L L

+--------+

L L L L L L L LLLLLLLLLLLLLL

cho

ice)

followinq

modify

L

I

L

all

<-

fixups

p'r

LOCATE

of

OPE~

the

InO