Instron 4400 Series Operator's Manual

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Issue C April 1995

Instron

Model 4400

Universal Testing System

M10-94400-1

Operator’s Guide

This document and the information that it contains are the property of Instron Corporation. Rights to duplicate or otherwise copy this document and rights to disclose the document and the information that it contains to others and the right to use the information contained therein may be acquired only by written permissionsigned by a duly authorized officer of Instron Corporation.

Proprietory Rights Notice

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Preliminary Pages

Materials testing systems are potentially hazardous. Materials testing involves inherent hazards from high

forces, rapid motions and stored energy. You must be aware of all moving and operating components which are potentially hazardous, particularly the actuator in a servohydraulic testing system or the moving crosshead in an electromechanical testing system.

Whenever you consider that safety is compromised, press the Emergency Stop button to stop the test and isolate the testing system from hydraulic or electrical power.

Carefully read all relevant manuals and observe all Warnings and Cautions. The term Warning is used where a hazard may lead to injury or death. The term Caution is used where a hazard may lead to damage to equipmentortolossofdata.

Ensure that the test set-up and the actual test you will be using on materials, assemblies or structures constitutes no hazard to yourself or others. Make full use of all mechanical and electronic limits features. These are supplied for your safety to enable you to prevent movement of the actuator piston or the moving crosshead beyond desired regions of operation.

The following pages detail various general warnings that you must heed at all times while using materials testing equipment. You will find more specific warnings and cautions in the t ext whenever a potential hazard exists.

Your best safety precautions are to gain a thorough understanding of the equipment by reading your instruction manuals and to always use good judgement.

Preliminary Pages M10-94400-1

Warning

Disconnect the electrical power supply before removing the covers to electrical equipment.

Disconnect the equipment from the electrical power supply before removing any electrical safety covers or replacing fuses. Do not reconnect the power source while the covers are removed. Refit covers as soon as possible.

Disconnect power supplies before removing the covers to rotating machinery.

Disconnect the equipment from all power supplies before removing any cover which gives access to rotating machinery. Do not reconnect any power supply while the covers are removed unless you are specifically instructed to do so in the manual. If the equipment needs to be operated to perform maintenance tasks with the covers removed, ensure that all loose clothing, long hair, etc. is tied back. Refit covers as soon as possible.

Shut down the hydraulic power supply and discharge hydraulic pressure before disconnecting any hydraulic fluid coupling.

Do not disconnect any hydraulic coupling without first shutting down the hydraulic power supply and discharging stored pressure to zero. Tie down or otherwise secure all pressurized hoses to prevent movement during system operation and to prevent the hose from whipping about in the event of a rupture.

Warning

Do not release gas connections without first disconnecting the gas supply and discharging any residual pressure to zero.

Use protective shields whenever a risk of injury to operators and observers exists from the failure of a test specimen, assembly or structure, particularly where explosive disintegration may occur.Due to the wide range of specimen materials, assemblies or structures that may be tested, any hazard resulting from the failure of a test specimen, assembly or structure is entirely the responsibility of the owner and the user of the equipment.

Preliminary Pages

Shut off the supply of compressed gas and discharge residual gas pressure before disconnecting any compressed gas coupling

Use protective shields or screens if any possibility exists of a hazard from the failure of a specimen, assembly or structure under test.

Protect electrical cables from damage and inadvertent disconnection.

The sudden loss of controlling and feedback signals which can result from a disconnected or damaged cable causes an open loop condition which may drive the actuator or crosshead rapidly to its extremes of motion. Protect all electrical cables, particularly transducer cables, from damage. Never route cables across the floor without protection, nor suspend cables overhead under excessive strain. Use padding to avoid chafing where cables are routed around corners or through wall openings.

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Preliminary Pages M10-94400-1

Warning

Wear protective clothing when handling equipment at extremes of temperature.

Materials testing is often carried out at non-ambient temperatures using ovens, furnaces or cryogenic chambers. Extreme temperature means an operating temperature exceeding 60 °C (140 °F) or below 0 °C (32 °F). You must use protective clothing, such as gloves, when handling equipment at these temperatures. Display a warning notice concerning low or high temperature operation whenever temperature control equipment is in use. You should note that the hazard from extreme temperature can extend beyond the immediate area of the test.

Take care when installing or removing a specimen, assembly or structure.

Installation or removal of a specimen, assembly or structure involves working inside the hazard area between the grips or fixtures. Keep clear of the jaws of a grip or fixture at all times. Keep clear of the hazard area between the grips or fixtures during actuator or crosshead movement. Ensure that all actuator or crosshead movements necessary for installation or removal are slow and, where possible, at a low force setting.

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Warning

The actuator or crosshead will immediately respond to manual control settings when the system is placed offline from computer control. Before transferring to manual control, make sure that the control settings are such that unexpected actuator or crosshead movement cannot occur.

The robot in an automated testing system presents a hazard because its movements are hard to predict. The robot can go instantly from a waiting state to high speed operation in several axes of motion. During system operation , keep away from the operating envelope of the robot. Deactivate the robot before entering the envelope for any purpose, such as reloading the specimen magazine.

Preliminary Pages

Do not place a testing system offline from computer control without first ensuring that no actuator or crosshead movement will occur upon transfer to manual control.

Keep clear of the operating envelope of a robotic device unless the device is de-activated.

Preliminary Pages M10-94400-1

Table of Contents

Chapter Page

1 Introduction

Outline .........................................................................1-1

Introduction..................................................................1-2

About this Manual...............................................1-3

Product Support..................................................1-3

General Characteristics...............................................1-4

Console Components..................................................1-7

Front Panel..................................................................1-8

Main Panel Section.............................................1-8

Display Panel Section.........................................1-10

Limits Panel Section ...........................................1-10

Crosshead Control Section.................................1-11

Internal Status Indicators ....................................1-12

Recorders ...........................................................1-12

Console Internal Functions..........................................1-14

Central Processing Unit (CPU) ...........................1-14

Crosshead Control Function ...............................1-14

Load Sensor Conditioner....................................1-14

Strain Sensor Conditioner...................................1-15

IEEE-488 Interface .............................................1-15

2 Specifications

Introduction..................................................................2-2

Specifications...............................................................2-3

3 Installation

Outline .........................................................................3-1

General Considerations...............................................3-2

Preliminary Pages

Table of Contents (continued)

Chapter Page

3 Installation

(continued)

Console Connections...................................................3-3

Mounting the Console.........................................3-3

Attaching the Console...................................3-3

Mounting the Console Bracket......................3-4

Connector Panel.................................................3-5

Installing Cables .................................................3-7

Cabling for Optional Equipment..........................3-9

Cables...........................................................3-9

Analog Output Connector .............................3-9

Opening the Console...................................................3-11

4 Function Of Controls

Outline .........................................................................4-1

Preliminary Considerations..........................................4-2

Function Of Controls....................................................4-3

Main Panel..........................................................4-3

Display Section...................................................4-12

Limits Section .....................................................4-14

Data Storage ...............................................................4-16

Nonvolatile Memory............................................4-16

System Reset .....................................................4-16

Volatile Memory ..................................................4-16

Resident Test Program Overview................................4-20

Self Test Routine .........................................................4-23

Self Test - Part 1 .................................................4-23

Self Test - Part 2 .................................................4-24

Self Test Result - No Failures .............................4-24

Preliminary Pages M10-94400-1

Table of Contents (continued)

Chapter Page

4 Function Of Controls

(continued)

Self Test Result - Failures...................................4-25

Self Test Result Display......................................4-25

Version Number...........................................................4-31

Selecting Operating Units............................................4-32

Switching Units ...................................................4-32

Operating Units for Self Identified Load Cells

and Load Frames................................................4-33

Operating Units for Non-Self Identified Load

Cells and Load Frames.......................................4-34

Area...................................................................4-35

Energy Units .......................................................4-35

5 System Operation

Outline .........................................................................5-1

Operating Considerations............................................5-2

Pretest Procedures......................................................5-3

Turn Instrument On: Warm-up.....................................5-4

Self Test Routine At Power Up ....................................5-5

System Reset At Initial Power Up................................5-7

Load Calibration ..........................................................5-8

Overview ............................................................5-8

Electrical Calibration of Self Identifying

Load Cells ..........................................................5-9

Manual Calibration of Self Identifying

Load Cells ..........................................................5-10

Electrical Calibration of Non-Self Identifying

Load Cells...........................................................5-12

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Preliminary Pages

Table of Contents (continued)

Chapter Page

5 System Operation

(continued)

Manual Calibration of Non-Self Identifying

Load Cells..........................................................5-13

Load Weighing System Balance ........................5-15

Calibration And Balance Errors...........................5-16

Strain Calibration.........................................................5-18

Overview.............................................................5-18

Strain Operating Mode........................................5-18

Strain Gauge Extensometers..............................5-20

Electrical Calibration of Self Identifying Strain

Gauge Extensometers ......................................5-22

Manual Calibration of Strain Gauge

Extensometers...................................................5-22

Extensometers - Operating Notes.......................5-25

Display Panel...............................................................5-26

Description..........................................................5-26

Operation............................................................5-26

Establish Gauge Length ..............................................5-28

Electronic Limits...........................................................5-30

Operating Notes - Limits Panel...........................5-30

Operation............................................................5-31

Set Crosshead Travel Limit Stops...............................5-34

Set Crosshead Speed .................................................5-35

Crosshead Jog Control................................................5-37

Area Compensation.....................................................5-38

Install Specimen ..........................................................5-42

Set Testing Area ..........................................................5-43

Run a Test ...................................................................5-45

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Table of Contents (continued)

Chapter Page

6 System Options

Overview......................................................................6-1

Introduction..................................................................6-2

Strip Chart Recorder....................................................6-3

Description..........................................................6-3

Specifications......................................................6-4

Power Requirements ....................................6-6

Installation...........................................................6-7

Operation............................................................6-8

Pen Scaling...................................................6-8

Pen Calibration .............................................6-9

X-Y Recorder...............................................................6-12

Description.........................................................6-12

Specifications......................................................6-13

Installation...........................................................6-15

Power Requirements ....................................6-15

Signal Input Connection................................6-15

Operation............................................................6-16

Initial Setup...................................................6-16

Calibration.....................................................6-19

Time Base Operation....................................6-22

Normal Operation..........................................6-23

Printer..........................................................................6-24

Description..........................................................6-24

Installation...........................................................6-24

Operation............................................................6-25

Printout Format...................................................6-25

Printer Units........................................................6-26

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Preliminary Pages

Table of Contents (continued)

Chapter Page

6 System Options

(continued)

AC/DC Strain Conditioner............................................6-30

Specifications......................................................6-31

Installation...........................................................6-31

Operation............................................................6-32

Preset Points ...............................................................6-34

Description..........................................................6-34

Operation............................................................6-35

Energy .........................................................................6-37

Description..........................................................6-37

Operation............................................................6-37

Cycle Counter..............................................................6-39

Pip Control...................................................................6-41

Air Kit Option ...............................................................6-44

Overview.............................................................6-44

Description..........................................................6-44

Operation............................................................6-45

Manual Operation .........................................6-46

Grip Control Function Operation ...................6-47

Pretension and Excess Tension Operation...6-47

Automatic Start Operation.............................6-48

Automatic Release Operation .......................6-49

Set pretension Level .....................................6-49

Set Excess Tension Level .............................6-50

Time Delays ..................................................6-50

Continuous Pretension Testing.....................6-50

Preliminary Pages M10-94400-1

Table of Contents (continued)

Chapter Page

7 Test Check List 8 Maintenance

Overview......................................................................8-1

Introduction..................................................................8-2

General...............................................................8-2

Special Maintenance Considerations..................8-2

Preventive Maintenance ..............................................8-3

Cleaning - Control Console.................................8-3

Error Messages ...........................................................8-4

Overview.............................................................8-4

Displaying Error Messages.................................8-4

Rear Panel Indicators ..................................................8-10

Rear Panel Indicators .........................................8-10

General.........................................................8-10

Power Supply Condition Indicators...............8-11

Green Test LEDs...........................................8-11

Red Activity LEDs .........................................8-12

Red Latch Indicator LEDs.............................8-13

IEEE-488 Interface Indicators.......................8-14

Summary of Operating Sequence for

Rear Panel Indicators ..................................8-15

Fault Indications ..........................................................8-16

Appendix A Test Planning

Applications .................................................................A-2

Load Requirements .....................................................A-4

Selection Of Grips........................................................A-5

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Preliminary Pages

Table of Contents (continued)

Chapter Page

Appendix A Test Planning (continued)

Establishing Gauge Length..........................................A-7

Selection Of Testing Speed .........................................A-8

Strain Rate...................................................................A-9

Area Compensation.....................................................A-10

Description..........................................................A-10

Determining Stress Range..................................A-11

Limitations Due To Load Cell Capacity ...............A-12

Chart Magnification......................................................A-14

Appendix B Glossary

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Preliminary Pages M10-94400-1

List of Illustrations

Figure Page

1-1. Functional Block Diagram............................................1-5

1-2. Control Console Front Panel ......................................1-9

3-1. Console Rear Panel Connectors .................................3-6

3-2. Rear Panel Cable Arrangement...................................3-8

3-3. Access to Interior of Console.......................................3-12

4-1. Main Panel...................................................................4-3

4-2. Display Section............................................................4-12

4-3. Limits Section ..............................................................4-14

4-4. Console Section Numbers Assigned to

Main Panel Display for Self Test Result......................4-26

4-5. Coding of Display Results for Self Test Result ............4-27

4-6. Characters Displayed in Self Test Result....................4-27

6-1 Model 4400 X-Y Recorder Panel.................................6-17

6-2. Typical Test Curve with Preset Points..........................6-34

8-1. Rear Panel Indicators .................................................8-12

8-2. Closeup Detail of Console Status and

Fault Indicators............................................................8-13

xviii

Preliminary Pages

List of Tables

TablePage

3-1. Series 4400 Console Option Cables............................3-9

3-2 Analog Output Connector Pin Assignments ................3-10

4-1. Main Panel Functions..................................................4-3

4-2. Display Section Functions ...........................................4-12

4-3. Limits Section Functions..............................................4-14

4-4. Variables and Functions in Nonvolatile

Memory........................................................................4-17

4-5. Control Console Sections ............................................4-26

4-6. Characters Possible in Self Test Result for

Each Digit of Main Panel Display.................................4-29

4-7. Operating Units for Self-Identified Load

Cells 4-33

5-1. Low Capacity Load Cells Calibration Data ..................5-13

5-2. Transducer Calibration/Balance Errors........................5-17

6-1. Strip Chart Recorder Supplies.....................................6-6

6-2. Recorder Line Voltage Selection .................................6-7

6-3. Calibration Signal for Load Cells .................................6-10

6-4. Recorder Supplies.......................................................6-14

6-5. Chart Speed Conversions............................................6-22

6-6. Strain Units Printout.....................................................6-26

6-7. Energy Units Printout...................................................6-27

6-8. Printout with Strain as Independent

Variable........................................................................6-28

6-9. Printout with Extension as Independent

Variable........................................................................6-28

xix

Preliminary Pages M10-94400-1

List of Tables (continued)

Table Page

6-10. Example Pip Delay Values vs Test Speeds.................6-43

6-11. Air Kit Functions ..........................................................6-46

8-1. Sections of the Control Console..................................8-5

8-2. Error Messages ...........................................................8-7

8-3. LED Error Codes for IEEE-488 Section Tests .............8-14

8-4. Fault Indications ..........................................................8-16

A-1. Gripping Techniques....................................................A-6

A-2. Typical Testing Speed Ranges for Various

Materials......................................................................A-8

Preliminary Pages

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Preliminary Pages M10-94400-1

Frontispiece.Series 4400 Universal Testing System

xxii

Outline

Chapter 1

Introduction

• Introduction ........................Page 1-2

• General Characteristics ...............Page 1-4

• Console Components .................Page 1-7

• Front Panel.........................Page 1-8

• Console Internal Functions ............Page 1-14

The Instron Series 4400 Universal Testing Instruments are electromechanical systems employing the latest printed circuit board technology to provide a small, light and efficient testing system. This manual describes the functions and operation of the Control Console. Other manuals include Load Frame operating instructions for each of the Series 4400 systems and an IEEE Interface User’s Guide.

This chapter describes:

• The features and functions of the Series 4400

Systems

• The physical layout of the system

• Some of the optional accessories available for the

system

1-1

Introduction M10-94400-1

Introduction

The Instron Series 4400 Universal Testing Instrument is a materials testing instrument designed to test the strength of a wide variety of materials. The system is made up of a load frame, in which a specimen of the test material is mounted, that applies a tension or compression load to the specimen, and a control console that provides the calibration, test setup, and test operating controls. The control console is compact enough to mount directly on the load frame, eliminating the need for a separate support table or workbench.

The Series 4400 Control Console includes an operator’s front panel with controls that offer complete communications with the system through a numeric keypad, pushbutton selection switches and Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs).

The Console front panel is divided into sections according to functional groupings of controls. For example, a Main section contains a numeric keypad and digital display for data input, a Limits section sets up the electronic limits, and a Display section contains LCD displays of real-time values of test parameters. These panel sections are described more fully later in this chapter.

1-2

Optional interfacing is available for an X-Y or a strip chart recorder, a printer, and a programmable computer. These options may be specified with your initial order or added later to expand the capabilities of your testing system.

About this Manual

The purpose of this manual is to provide a basic understanding of the Control Console and its principles of operation. It contains specifications, cable installation, component and control descriptions, operating details for both basic and optional features, and maintenance. Appendices contain an introduction to materials testing and a glossary of terms related to materials testing.

In addition to this manual, there is also a manual covering the installation, maintenance, and parts list for the load frame. Accessories, such as the strip chart and X-Y recorders, printer, and most grips and extensometers, come with their own separate instruction manuals.

Product Support

If you encounter any problems with using or maintaining your testing instrument, or if you want to order accessories or parts, you can obtain answers to your questions or place orders by calling Instron Service, using the list below:

Introduction

In the United States: 1-800-473-7838 In Canada: 1-800-461-9123 In all other regions of the world: Nearest Instron

Service Office

A listing of international Instron Sales and Service offices, including addresses and telephone numbers, can be found on the back cover of this manual.

1-3

General Characteristics M10-94400-1

General Characteristics

The Series 4400 control system is made up of two major subsystems: a crosshead drive and control system, that applies tensile or compressive loading to a specimen; and a highly sensitive load weighing system, that measures the loading of a specimen. Figure 1-1 is a functional block diagram showing the interfacing of these two systems, and the signal flow within the overall instrument. During a test, results occur as tracked (instantaneous) values of load, extension and strain or, after a test, as stored break and peak values of these parameters. Total energy and load and energy values at preset points are also available as stored parameters. Several choices of analog and digital output devices are available as options for viewing and recording test results.

The control console provides control, data acquisition and data readout functions for the load frame. All operations are directed by a microprocessor-based central processing unit (CPU). The crosshead control network allows programmable crosshead speeds and provides digital control of the crosshead position. The operating mode of the console data entry and readout functions can be in English, metric or SI units, as selected by a switch. A status indicator on the main panel shows the system of units selected.

1-4

The action of the moving crosshead during a test - stop, return, or cycle - can be controlled manually by pushbutton switches, or automatically by the functions provided by the Limits feature. These functions may be based on the applied load, extension or strain, or to a detected specimen break.

General Characteristics

Introduction

Figure 1-1. Functional Block Diagram

1-5

General Characteristics M10-94400-1

A CPU-controlled sensor conditioner in the load weighing system allows calibration and balance procedures to be performed automatically, after you initiate them at the front panel. The sensor conditioner provides both an unranged analog and an automatically ranged digital load signal output suitable for several types of optional readout devices.

Optional readouts for test results include interfacing for an X-Y recorder, a strip chart recorder, and an 80 character-width printer.

The console also has provisions for an IEEE-488 interface. This is a General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB) which allows remote supervisory control of test procedures through a programmable computer.

1-6

Console Components

The Series 4400 Control Console contains a single printed circuit board on which are mounted all of the electrical components, including the front panel switches and displays, and rear panel connectors.

The console printed circuit board is the interface for all connections to the console. The interconnecting cables from the load frame and load cell, and cabling from optional recorders, printers, and strain measuring devices plug into connector locations on the rear of the board.

Since the console receives its electrical power from a d.c. power supply in the load frame, there is no need for bulky power supplies and cooling fans, and thus a compact size has been achieved.

The Console itself is mounted on the load frame by means of a special bracket. A friction locking device on the bracket rides in grooves in the crosshead column covers on the load frame, allowing the console to be moved to any convenient working height. The bracket is symmetrical, allowing the console to be mounted on either the right-hand or left-hand column on the frame.

Console Components

Introduction

The main components of the control console are shown in Figure 1-2. Access to the interior of the console is described in Chapter 4.

1-7

Front Panel M10-94400-1

Front Panel

The Front Panel (Figure 1-2) is divided into four major sections. The Main section contains a numeric keypad for data entry of system setup parameters, an LCD display for the numeric input, pushbuttons for such functions as crosshead speed selection, and gauge length setting, among others. The Display section contains LCD displays of real-time values of Load, Extension, and Strain, while the Limits section sets electronic limits for the system. The last section is the Crosshead Control section, in which manual controls for crosshead positioning are located.

Main Panel Section

The Main Panel section consists of test function entry keys, a numeric keypad and a 4-digit LCD display. Status indicators on the left-hand side of the panel, when lit, signify that a fault has occurred. The current units (S.I., English, metric) in use by the testing system are also shown in this area. The panel provides the following functions:

• Load cell calibration

• Crosshead speed selection

• Gauge length

1-8

• Area compensation

• Testing area definition

• Strain transducer calibration

• Printer operation

• IEEE bus enable/disable

• Special Software - Diagnostics

Front Panel

Introduction

Figure 1-2. Control Console Front Panel

1-9

Front Panel M10-94400-1

Display Panel Section

The Display Panel section contains three 4-digit LCD displays and control keys to allow load, extension, and strain to be tracked during a test, and the peak and break values of these parameters to be observed. All values are computed and saved at the end of each test and may be viewed as needed during and after the test. An indicator lamp shows the active selection key.

Limits Panel Section

The Limits Panel section allows you to specify what action the system takes whenmaximumand minimum values of load, extension or strain occur during a test. The electronic Limits function acts to protect valuable specimens, grips, and test fixtures from the effects of crosshead overtravel and possible collision.

You should always set limits and assign a crosshead action before starting a test. Enter limits values using the keypad and view them on the Main Panel Display.

1-10

Descriptions of the Limits Panel control functions are found in Table 4-3.

The Limits Panel section allows a crosshead action to be specified that is independently based on the following limit conditions during a test:

LOAD - minimum, maximum EXTENSION - minimum, maximum STRAIN - minimum, maximum BREAK - detection

The action assigned to a limit can be:

STOP - stop crosshead at current position. RETURN - return crosshead to gauge length. CYCLE - change direction of crosshead motion at the limit. OFF - no action

An indicator lamp lights at the active limit and at the related crosshead action key. A STATUS indicator lamp is lit whenever a limit is set to control a crosshead action. Whenever a STOP or RETURN action occurs as the result of a limit, the related STATUS lamp flashes.

Crosshead Control Section

The crosshead control keys, located at the bottom of the Front Panel are used for manually controlling crosshead functions. The STOP, UP, DOWN and RETURN keys each have an associated indicator lamp which is lit when the function of the key, as described below, is controlling the crosshead.

Front Panel

Introduction

STOP - crosshead stops. UP - crosshead moves up at programmed speed. DOWN - crosshead moves down at programmed speed. RETURN - crosshead returns at a speed which increases exponentially to maximum and then decreases exponentially to stop crosshead at gauge length.

1-11

Front Panel M10-94400-1

Internal Status Indicators

A series of Light Emitting Diode (LED) indicators are mounted on the circuit board inside the console, but are visible through a window cutout in the rear panel. These indicators report the condition of power supply voltages, the pass/fail condition of some CPU functions during the Self-Diagnostic Test, and onthe activity of CPU circuits during normal operation. Refer to Chapter 8, Maintenance, for a detailed description of the Status LEDs.

Recorders

You have a choice of using an X-Y recorder or a strip chart recorder as a readout device. The X-Y recorder allows two test parameters, often Load versus Strain, to be plotted against each other. A strip chart recorder, on the other hand, plots one parameter versus time. Since crosshead speed can be converted directly into time, the speed of the strip chart can be correlated with crosshead speed and a plot of a test parameter, such as Load or Strain, versus crosshead speed can be obtained.

1-12

Load and strain ranging are performed at the front panel of the recorder itself. This allows you to select an operating range for each parameter from a predefined list of gain factors. The operating range of the recorder is defined as the percentage of the maximum capacity of the installed load cell that causes a full scale reading on the recorder.

The specific recorders available for the Series 4400 Testing System are:

XY/YT Plotter Cat. No. 2310-901

Front Panel

Single Pen Strip Chart Recorder Cat. No. 2310-904 Double Pen Strip Chart Recorder Cat. No. 2310-905

Introduction

1-13

Console Internal Functions M10-94400-1

Console Internal Functions

In addition to the operator interface and cabling interface functions described previously, the console circuit board provides a number of internal functions to complete the testing system. These functions include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Crosshead Control function, a Load Sensor Conditioner, a Strain Sensor Conditioner, and an IEEE-488 Interface function. These functions are described in the following sections.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The CPU is a computer chip that provides the main processing functions for the console. A digital bus originating in this section allows communication with and control of all other operations, including optional interfacing for peripheral devices. Battery backup in this section allows nonvolatile parameter storage.

Crosshead Control Function

This function provides the interfacing between the load frame and console for the crosshead control signals. The encoder output signal provides crosshead position (extension) information that is conditioned and the crosshead position (extension) determined by the functions in this section. An error signal is developed when the extension is compared with the commanded crosshead speed and fed back to the crosshead drive system.

Load Sensor Conditioner

1-14

This function provides interfacing between the load transducer (load cell) and the console. Functions that this section supplies are excitation to a load cell, processing of its output signal, and providing calibrated analog and digital load weighing information to the console and readout devices.

Strain Sensor Conditioner

This function is located on an optional plug-in board and is similar to the Load Sensor Conditioner. It provides interfacing between strain measuring extensometers and the console, and is available as an AC Strain Conditioner (Catalog No. 2210-863). This conditioner is used with strain gauge extensometers, rationalized long-travel extensometers, and linear variable displacement transducers (LVDTs). An AC/DC version (Catalog No. 2210-865) is used with video extensometers and high resolution digital (HRD) automatic extensometers.

Console Internal Functions

Introduction

IEEE-488 Interface

This function allows a Series 4400 testing system to be remotely controlled by an external personal computer through a General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB). This microprocessor-based pc board interacts directly with the CPU, thus enabling a supervisory program to control console and load frame functions. The external computer must be able to transfer program messages to and receive measurement messages and status from the test instrument. Complete programming information is supplied with the IEEE-488 interface option kit.

1-15

Console Internal Functions M10-94400-1

1-16

Chapter 2

Specifications

• Introduction ........................Page 2-2

• Specifications.......................Page 2-3

This chapter lists physical and electrical specifications for the Series 4400 Control Console. Load Frame specifications and specifications for the system as a whole are given in the load frame manual.

Specifications

2-1

Specifications M10-94400-1

Introduction

The following table lists physical and electrical specifications for the Series 4400 Control Console. Specifications for the Load Frame and its components are given in the load frame manual.

Since system specifications depend, to a large extent, on the system transducers (load cell, extensometers, etc.) in use, and the load capacity of the load frame, it is not possible to list system specifications for all possible combinations of load frames and transducers.

The generalized specifications in this chapter will help you to determine whether your system will meet your individual testing requirements. If you have any questions about specifications, your regional Instron Sales Engineer will be happy to assist you.

2-2

Specifications

Components

Standard:

Options:

Power Requirements

+5 Vd.c. +15 Vd.c.

-15 Vd.c. (All voltages supplied from Load Frame, must be free of spikes, surges, or sags exceeding 10% of the average voltage)

Specifications

Main Panel Display Panel Limits Panel Load Sensor Conditioner RS-232 Interface

Strain Sensor Conditioner IEEE-488 Interface Strip Chart Recorder X-Y Recorder Printer

Specifications

Operating Performance

Load Weighing Accuracy

±0.01% of full scale or ±0.5% of reading (whichever is greater) ±1 count on the load display.

Load weighing system meets or surpasses the following standards: ASTM E4, BS1610, DIN 51221, ISO 7500/1, EN10002-2, AFNOR AO3-501

2-3

Specifications M10-94400-1

Strain Measurement Accuracy

±0.05% of full scale or ±0.5% of reading (whichever is greater) ±1 count on the strain display

Strain measurement system meets or surpasses the following standards: ASTM E83, BS3846, ISO 9513, EN1002-4

Environmental Requirements

Operating temperature:

+10 to +38 °C (+50 to +100°F) (other ranges available on request)

Storage temperature:

-40 to +60 °C (-40 to +140°F)

Relative Humidity:

10% to 90% non-condensing

Atmosphere:

Use in normal laboratory conditions.

2-4

Note:

Protective measures may be required if excessive dust, corrosive fumes, electromagnetic fields or hazardous conditions are present.

Materials

Enclosure: Structural foam Keyboard: Cleanable mylar surface

with silicon rubber switches.

Dimensions

Height: 406.4 mm (16 in.) Width: 280 mm (11 in.) Depth: 58.2 mm (2.3 in.)

Weight 2.7 kg (6 lb) approx.

Specifications

2-5

Specifications M10-94400-1

2-6

Outline

Chapter 3

Installation

• General Considerations ...............Page 3-2

• Console Connections .................Page 3-3

• Opening the Console .................Page 3-11

This chapter contains instructions for installing the Series 4400 Console on the load frame and for cabling optional accessories. Installation instructions for the load frame itself are contained in the load frame instruction manual.

You will use this chapter to find out how to:

• Connect system cables

• Mount the Console

• Open the console for servicing

Installation

3-1

General Considerations M10-94400-1

General Considerations

Installation of a basic Series 4400 testing instrument is described in the load frame manual for the system. This chapter describes how to access the interior of the console and install cabling for optional devices. The basic cables, Load and Frame, are installed at the factory.

As part of the preparation for a testing routine, you should connect any cabling required for peripheral readout and control accessories before powering up the system. These accessories include strain measuring devices, a recorder, printer and a computer. Any panels or circuit boards required to use these accessories have usually been installed previously at the factory.

3-2

Console Connections

Mounting the Console

The Series 4400 Console is attached to a console mounting bracket that is, in turn, mounted on one of the load frame columns, either directly in grooves in the column cover (table models) or on an extension of the column cover (floor models). On floor model load frames, the column cover extension can be mounted on either the right-hand or lefthand load frame column, specified at the time of purchase, but this can be changed later, if necessary. The console is attached to the mounting bracket with screws, and the bracket can rotate around a vertical axis to provide a comfortable viewing angle for the console.

Console Connections

Attaching the Console

The console mounting bracket is in two parts; a sliding bracket that attaches to the load frame, and a pivot

bracket that attaches to the Control Console. A 15° tilt bracket is also provided so that the console can be tilted back from vertical for more comfortable operation.

Attach the console to the pivot bracket first, then attach the pivot bracket to the sliding bracket. The whole assembly is then mounted on the load frame. Use the following procedure to assemble all parts:

(a) Place the console against the pivot bracket, and align

the mounting holes. (If you wish to use the 15° tilt bracket, attach it to the console before attaching the console to the pivot bracket).

Installation

3-3

Console Connections M10-94400-1

(b) Insert a socket head cap screw in each of the four

mounting holes and hand tighten.

until all are secure.

(d) Attach the sliding bracket to the pivot bracket using

the pins provided.

(e) Lightly tighten the thumbscrews (these will be tight-

ened firmly when the console is mounted on the load frame and a comfortable viewing position has been selected).

Mounting the Console Bracket

To mount the console on the load frame column: (a) Place the console bracket against the side of the col-

umn (or column extension) so that the T-nuts of the friction devices are in the grooves of the load frame column cover.

3-4

(b) Slide the bracket up or down in the groove to a con-

venient height for comfortable operation. Tighten both friction knobs by hand, but avoid over-tightening.

bracket to one of four positions for a comfortable viewing angle. Tighten the thumbscrews firmly, but do not over-tighten.

(d) Go to the next section to install cables.

Connector Panel

The connector panel for the Series 4400 Control Console (Figure 3-1) is located on the rear of the console unit. The components on this panel are described below. The load frame, load cell, strain channel and recorder cables connect directly to the console at connectors provided for the purpose. All of the connectors are standard D-shell connectors.

Console Connections

TEST - Connector used by Instron Service personnel for testing the IEEE-488 interface. An IEEE-488 Service Test printed circuit board, which is available only to service personnel, is required to run this test.

IEEE 488 - the connector for cabling from the IEEE compatible digital interface to a programmable computer.

RS-232 OUT - a connector used mainly for output to a printer with an RS-232 interface capability. Can also be used for other RS-232 devices.

Installation

FRAME - a connector for cabling between the load frame and the control console.

STRAIN - a connector for cabling from a strain measuring extensometer.

ANALOG OUT - the parallel outputs of the signals used for recorder operation, made available for signal monitoring purposes on devices such as a recorder.

LOAD - a connector for cabling from the load cell transducer.

3-5

Console Connections M10-94400-1

3-6

Figure 3-1. Console Rear Panel Connectors

Installing Cables

For Series 4400 systems, cabling to the console includes cables for load frame interface, a load cell, an extensometer, and a d.c. power cable. In addition, options such as a recorder, a printer and a computer also connect to the rear panel of the console, using the cables provided with these options.

To install cables: (a) Match the individual cables with their proper connec-

tors on the rear panel of the console (see Figure 3-1).

Console Connections

POWER - the d.c. connector for control console main power. The input voltage to the console is supplied from the load frame, where a d.c. power supply is located that provides d.c. power for the entire system.

mm/IN/SI switch - a 3-position rocker switch for setting the operating units (S.I., English, or metric) of parameters in the load and extension channels.

Installation

(b) Press the cable connector into its mating connector

Caution

on the rear panel. Use a small screwdriver to insert and tighten the cable connector screws. If you do not do this, cables may fall off during a test.

Do not allow the cables to droop in a haphazard manner from the rear of the console.

3-7

Console Connections M10-94400-1

into the cable clips provided on the console mounting bracket, as shown in Figure 3-2. This will ensure that the cables will not catch on the load frame, grips, or testing fixtures while the crosshead is moving.

Figure 3-2. Rear Panel Cable Arrangement

3-8

Cabling for Optional Equipment

Cables

For Series 4400 systems, a recorder, printer and computer connect directly to the rear panel of the console, using the cables provided with these options (see Table 3-1). The cables for load and strain measuring devices plug into connectors on the devices themselves, as described in the system load frame manual. Thus, you usually will not have to open the console as part of the installation procedure.

Table 3-1. Series 4400 Console Option Cables

Console Connections

OPTIONAL

ACCESSORY

CABLE ASSEMBLY

CONSOLE

CONNECTOR

X-Y Recorder A570-26 ANALOG OUT

Strip Chart

Recorder

Extensometers

(all types)

A570-26 ANALOG OUT

(Supplied with

Extensometer)

STRAIN

Printer (Supplied with Printer) RS-232

Computer 144-1-35 IEEE

Analog Output Connector

The Analog Output connector on the rear panel of the console is used to connect to a chart recorder, a strip chart recorder, or other data acquisition device. This connector is a 9-pin, miniature, female “D” connector, that has the pin assignments shown in Table 3-2.

Installation

3-9

Console Connections M10-94400-1

Table 3-2. Analog Output Connector Pin Assignments

Pin Number Signal

Metal Shell Chassis Ground

1 Load 2 Strain 3 No Connection 4 Pip 5 Run 6 Analog Ground 7 Analog Ground 8 Digital Ground 9 No Connection

The pinout appears as follows, looking at the connector:

3-10

54321

9876

The Load and Strain output pin signals are ±10 volts, relative to Analog Ground. +10 volts corresponds to tension full scale.

The PIP pin connection is an active low TTL signal relative to Digital Ground. The signal is driven by a contact closure fed into the Pip Jack on the console.

The Run pin connection is an active high TTL signal relative to Digital Ground. The signal goes high when a test is running.

Opening the Console

Under normal conditions, it should not be necessary to open the console. There are no user-serviceable components or adjustments inside the console case, but if it should become necessary to check for loose internal connections or wiring, or to install an option board, you can open the console as follows (also see Figure 3-3):

Warning

Do not remove covers from the console without first shutting off main power and disconnecting the a.c. power cable at the load frame.

(a) Disconnect all cables to the rear of the console. Label all

cables before removing them for identification, if necessary .

Opening the Console

Installation

(b) Remove the console from its mounting bracket by remov-

ing the three screws in the rear cover of the console.

the rear panel of the console.

(d) Place the console face down on a work surface. Lift

the rear cover off of the console.

(e) The main printed circuit board is attached to the back

of the front panel with six screws. The keys and pushbuttons are part of three rubber stampings sandwiched between the printed circuit board and the front panel. If you are replacing a key or pushbutton, you must replace the entire rubber sheet containing that key.

3-11

Opening the Console M10-94400-1

3-12

Figure 3-3. Access to Interior of Console

(f) Reassemble the console in reverse order of the steps

to disassemble. Be sure to replace all screws. (g) Remount the console on its mounting bracket. (h) Reinstall cabling removed in step (a). Be sure to

tighten all connector screws to prevent connectors

from falling loose during operation.

Outline

Chapter 4

Function Of Controls

• Preliminary Considerations ............Page 4-2

• Function of Controls .................Page 4-3

• Data Storage........................Page 4-16

• Resident Test Program Overview .......Page 4-20

• Self-Test Routine ....................Page 4-23

• Version Number.....................Page 4-31

• Selecting Operating Units .............Page 4-32

This chapter describes the function of front panel controls and how data resulting from a test is saved. It then describes the Self-Test routine and how you can use it to make sure your system is operating properly. The chapter then describes how to select and change system operating units.

Function of

Controls

4-1

Preliminary Considerations M10-94400-1

Preliminary Considerations

The purpose of this chapter is to provide details of the operational features of the Series 4400 Control Console, so the application of each device and its purpose in the calibration and operation of the system will be understood.

The operational capabilities of a Series 4400 testing instrument depend upon the installed options and the peripheral readout and control devices that have been selected to be used with the system. Complete installation instructions are supplied with any option ordered later to expand a system.

This chapter contains the function of all controls and indicators on the main panel that supply the operator interface to the instrument. Also included are descriptions of the system data storage capability and self-test feature.

4-2

Function Of Controls

Main Panel

Function Of Controls

Figure 4-1. Main Panel

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

Numeric Keypad (a)Numeric Keys, 0 through 9, allow entry of:

1. Value of calibration signal for manually calibra-

transducers.

2. Desired crosshead speed.

3. Area compensation value.

4. Maximum and minimum electronic limits for load,extension, and strain.

5. Preset points.

FUNCTION

Function of

4-3

Controls

Function Of Controls M10-94400-1

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions (continued)

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

Numeric Keypad (continued)

Display A 4-digit display used to view system variables in the

AT G.L. Gauge length indicator LED is lit whenever crosshead is at

G.L. RESET Gaugelength resetkey, whenpressed, causes current

(b) +/- key defines the values of load, extension,

and strain as + for tension testing and - for compression testing. This key is also used when entering the electronic limits.

(c)REJect key allows the rejection of an incorrect

input on keypad before pressing ENTER key.

(d)ENTER key must be pressed to change any

system variable entered on keypad or to complete a transducer calibration or balance.

range from .0001 to .9999. “EEEE” is shown if an overflow of the display register occurs. A “——” is shown when the system is uncalibrated and no valid data can be read. “LOSS” is shown if the non-volatile memory is reset to a default state. All keypad entries (0-9, +/-) are read on this display.

gauge length. Lamp flashes when power is initially turned on, or a momentary power loss occurs to indicate a loss of gauge length information. Pressing G.L..RESET key or moving crosshead by pressing UP, DOWN, RETURN or JOG stops the flashing.

crosshead position to be entered as the gauge length. Also, any EXTENSION readout will be set to zero. Pressing this key causes the AT G.L. LED to stop flashing.

FUNCTION

4-4

Function Of Controls

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions (continued)

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

AREA SET

≠ 1

TESTING AREA BELOW XHEAD ABOVE XHEAD

SPEED Allows a desired crosshead speed to be entered on the

LOAD CAL Initiates a load cell calibration procedure. The LOAD

Enables an area compensation circuit which divides both displayed load value and output voltage to a recorder by a set value between 1.000 and 9.999. When this key is pressed, the SET LED lights and an area value can be entered on the keypad.

After the ENTER key is pressed, if the value of area compensation is other than 1.000, the ≠1 LED lights and the SET LED stays on. Area compensation is temporarily set to 1.000 during a load cell calibration procedure. The default value of area compensation is

1.000. Defines the location in the load frame (above/below

crosshead) to be used for specimen testing. This function is necessary for the proper operation of cycling limits and pneumatic grips. To change this function, the S1 key must be enabled and “SL” must be on the Main Panel Display (refer to SI KEY description). The BELOW XHEAD or ABOVE XHEAD LED lights to indicate the selection.

numeric keypad. If the load frame has not been identified, the display will show “——” when this key is pressed.

CAL key LED is lit during calibration or when a load calibration relay is closed. A flashing LED indicates a calibration error. A test cannot be started during a calibration procedure, and calibration is locked out during a test.

FUNCTION

Function of

Controls

4-5

Function Of Controls M10-94400-1

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions (continued)

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

LOAD BAL Sets a load cell balance, or zero, during a calibration

procedure or when balancing out the tare of grips and fixtures before starting a test. The LOAD BAL key LED is lit during a balance operation or if a load calibration relay is closed. A flashing LED indicates a calibration or balance error. A test cannot be started during a balance operation, and the balance function is locked out during a test.

STRAIN CAL Initiates an extensometer calibration procedure. The

STRAIN CAL key LED is lit during calibration or when an extensometer calibration relay is closed. A flashing LED indicates a calibration error. A test cannot be started during a calibration procedure, and calibration is locked out during a test.

STRAIN BAL Sets an extensometer balance, or zero, during a

calibration procedure or when balancing out the tare of grips and fixtures before starting a test. The STRAIN BAL key LED is lit during a balance operation or if a load calibration relay is closed. A flashing LED indicates a calibration or balance error. A test cannot be started during a balance operation, and the balance function is locked out during a test.

METRIC ENGLISH SI

Status indicators that show the operating units for the load and strain channels. The indicator that is lit shows the current status of the units, as determined by the positioning of a switch mounted on the rear connector panel of the console. The selection of units determines the scaling of displays and the input to a recorder. After switching units, the Main Panel display will show “LOSS”, indicating that nonvolatile memory is reset to the default state and stored test data is lost. Load and strain channels must be recalibrated and all electronic limits reset.

FUNCTION

4-6

Function Of Controls

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions (continued)

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

LOAD Fault indicator that lights when a load overrange (102%

or greater of load cell maximum capacity) occurs. The crosshead stops and the indicator flashes until the overload is cleared by pressing the UP or DOWN key or a JOG key on the load frame, whichever direction decreases the measured load.

TRAVEL Fault indicator that lights when the overtravel limits for

the moving crosshead are actuated. The crosshead is stopped when this indicator is lit.

MOTOR Fault indicator that functions as described below. This

indicator is lit steadily for the following conditions:

1. Motor drive enabling sequence (5 sec. duration).

2. Motor drive cannot be enabled.

3. Load frame cannot be identified.

4. Load frame power supply failure.

5. Crosshead second level travel limit tripped.

6. Emergency stop switch tripped.

This indicator flashes for the following conditions:

1. Drive motor overheats.

2. Drive loop failure (stall, etc.)

The MOTOR status indicator will remain on (steady or flashing) after the condition/fault is cleared, except after the 5-sec motor drive enable sequence. Perform the key sequence [S1] [1] [ENTER] to restore the indicator to standby (off) condition.

TIMER Fault indicator thatlights when the CPUmalfunctionsanda

special circuit shuts off the crosshead drive motor. Usually, momentarily shutting down the system power clears this condition. This LED also lights if the +/- 15 Vd.c. console power supply fails.

FUNCTION

Function of

Controls

4-7

Function Of Controls M10-94400-1

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions (continued)

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

POWER Faultindicator that lights if a momentary power failure

occurs. Momentarily shutting down system power clears this condition.

PRINT Obtain a printout of the current test at any time, or a

printout of the last test when no test is running.

IEEE Status indicator that is lit when an IEEE-488 option is set

to receive keyboard commands from an external computer.The indicator does not light if the IEEE option is not installed.

S1 Enables or disables system options, as follows:

(a)System reset option - clearing of nonvolatile

memory. Press S1, then 0 and ENTER on keypad. This sequence clears the nonvolatile memory, setting all variables to a default state, and thereby resetting the system to a known condition. Also, any previously stored data will be lost. The Main Panel Display will show “LOSS” after this type of reset key sequence is entered.

(b)System reset option - no clearing of nonvolatile

memory. Press S1, then 1 and ENTER on the keypad. This sequence is a“warm restart” of the system which is used to to reset certain fault conditions, without resetting nonvolatile memory to the default state; that is, all previously entered parameters will remain in storage. An exception is when this sequence is used to enable a change in system operating units.

FUNCTION

4-8

Function Of Controls

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions (continued)

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

S1 (c) Diagnostic Monitor - Press S1, then 2 and ENTER

on keypad. This sequence initiates the diagnostic troubleshooting routine which is part of the Resident Test Program for the Series 4400 console (refer to Resident Test Program for details and exiting procedure).

Note The Diagnostic Monitor feature should be used by qualified maintenance personnel only.

(d) Energy option - press S1, then 3 and + /- on the

keypad. With an optional printer installed, this sequence provides an energy printout after a test. The Main Panel Display must show “SL 3" for this option to be enabled, and”SL-3" to be disabled, which is the default condition. The key sequence [S1] [3] [ +/- ]...[ +/- ] toggles between these two conditions. (See Item (g) below for the selection of the Energy Integration Variable.)

(e)Preset Point option - press S1, then 4 and +/-. This

sequence provides a printout of load and energy at three preset points (PPT1, PPT2, PPT3) versus an independent variable after a test. These values can be used to determine modulus of elasticity. (See Item (f) below for the selection of independent variable.) The Main Panel Display must show “SL 4" for this option to be enabled and ”SL-4" to be disabled, which is the default condition. The key sequence [S1] [4] [ / ]...[ / ] toggles between these two states.

FUNCTION

Function of

Controls

4-9

Function Of Controls M10-94400-1

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions (continued)

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

S1 (continued)

FUNCTION

(f) Set Preset Point Values - if the values of the Preset

Points (PPT1, PPT2) are to be other than the default values as shown in Table 4-5, then the following key sequences are used to enter new values (where PPT1 and PPT2 are indicated, enter the actual numerical value on the keypad of the independent variable: Extension in inches or millimeters, or strain in percent): [S1] [41] PPT1 [ENTER] [S1] [42] PPT2 [ENTER] [S1} [43] PPT3 [ENTER]

(g)Select Energy Integration Variable and Preset

Points Independent Variable - the key sequence [S1] [5] [ / ]...[ / ] toggles the selection of energy and preset points variable between Extension and Strain (that is, the active strain channel). The Main Panel Display will show “SL 5" for Extension and ”SL-5" for Strain. The default variable is Strain, if this option is installed. If Strain is not installed, then Extension is the default variable.

(h)Autoprint option - press S1, then 6 and + /- on

keypad. With an optional printer installed, this sequence provides an automatic printout each time a test ends. The Main Panel Display must show “SL 6" for this option to be enabled, and ”SL-6" to be disabled (continued) which is the default condition. The key sequence [S1] [6] [+/- ]...[+/-] toggles between these two conditions.

4-10

(i) TESTING AREA enable - press S1, “SL” will show on

the Main Panel Display and the TESTING AREA function can be changed.

Function Of Controls

Table 4-1. Main Panel Functions (continued)

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

S1 (continued)

UP DOWN STOP RETURN

FUNCTION

(j) Air Kit Option – provides automatic grip control

for pneumatic grips. The key sequence [S1][7][+/–] enables or diables grip control, and the Main Panel Display shows “SL 7 when enabled and ”SL–7" when disabled. The key sequence [S1][7][n][+/–], where “n” is a number between 1 and 4, or [S1][7][v], where “v” is a value entered at the keypad, enables or disables various options under automatic grip control and sets values for Pretension or Excess Tension Levels (see Chapter 6 for details).

(k) Miscellaneous

[S1] [8] [+/–] Cycle Counter Printout [S1] [8] [1] Cycle Limit [S1] [8] [2] Enter Pip Delay Value [S1] [8] [3] Display Cycles/Pip

(l) Firmware Date - [S1] [9] [ENTER] displays the date of the firmware installed on this system. (m) Cycle Count Display - [S1] [+/–] displays the cy-

cle or pip count in the setup display.

The pushbutton switches (keys) used for manually controlling the crosshead. Each key has an LED that is lit when the function of the key is active.

STOP - crosshead stops. UP - crosshead moves up at programmed speed. DOWN - crosshead moves down at programmed speed. RETURN - crosshead returns at a speed that increases exponentially to maximum and then decreases exponentially to stop the crosshead at gauge length.

Function of

Controls

4-11

Function Of Controls M10-94400-1

Display Section

Figure 4-2. Display Section

Table 4-2. Display Section Functions

4-12

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

LOAD DISPLAY

EXTENSION DISPLAY

STRAIN DISPLAY

TRACK Sets the displays to show instantaneous values of load,

A 4-digit display which indicates + and - values of load between .0001 and 9999. The display shows “——” when the load cell is uncalibrated; is blank without data; and shows “EEEE” when overranged.

A 4-digit display which indicates + and - extension values between .0001 and 9999 from gauge length. The display shows “——” if the load frame has not been identified, and is blank if no data is available.

A 4-digit display which indicates strain values between .0001 and 9999. The display shows “——” if the strain channel is not calibrated, “EEEE” if it is overranged, and is blank if strain is not installed or no data is available.

extension and strain. The displays are updated every 300 msec during a test. The TRACK LED is lit when this key is active. (Peak and break values are recorded even though tracking is active.)

FUNCTION

Function Of Controls

Table 4-2. Display Section Functions (continued)

PEAK Sets the displays to show load, extension and strain

values that occur at the peak load during a test. These values are held on the display at the end of a test. When a test begins, the displays show current tracking values until a “peak” load is reached. The PEAK LED is lit when this key is active.

BREAK Sets the displays to show load, extension and strain at

specimen break, where break is defined as just prior to break detection. When a test begins, the displays are blank and remain blank until the break criteria is met. The BREAK LED is lit when this key is active.

PEAK BREAK

RESET PEAKS This key is used during a test to reset the stored peak

Sets the LOAD display to show the peak load value for a test and the EXTENSION and STRAIN displays to show values that occur at specimen break. The LED at this key is lit when the key is active.

values of load, extension, and strain to the values at the current load. The peak storage is then continuously updated to the values at the next peak load that occurs during the remainder of the test. This key does not change which values are selected to be displayed (Break, Peak, or Track) and it is functional only when a test is in progress.

Function of

Controls

4-13

Function Of Controls M10-94400-1

Limits Section

Figure 4-3. Limits Section

Table 4-3. Limits Section Functions

4-14

CONTROL or

INDICATOR

LOAD MAX/MIN EXTENSION MAX/

MIN

STRAIN MAX/MIN BREAK

OFF STOP RETURN CYCLE

FUNCTION

Electronic limits which permit an action to be independently assigned to the maximum and minimum values of load, extension or strain, or to detect break. An LED to the left of each key lights when the key is pressed. This shows that the key has enabled the numeric keypad and a limit value can be entered and viewed on the display (except BREAK, as this has an unknown numeric value). If the Recorder is installed, the STRAIN limits are functional only if STRAIN is selected for the X-axis of the X-Y recorder.

Crosshead actions that can be selected to occur at the electronic limits. The actions are:

OFF - no action STOP - stop crosshead when limit occurs RETURN - return crosshead to gauge length

CYCLE - change crosshead travel direction Whenever a limit key LED is lit, a CROSSHEAD ACTION key LED is lit also. To change the action, press a different key.

Function Of Controls

Table 4-3. Limits Section Functions (continued)

STATUS LEDs

A rectangular STATUS LED is located to the right of the BREAK key and one each between the LOAD, EXTENSION, and STRAIN MAX/MIN limit keys. When a limit or break detection is selected to cause a crosshead action (except OFF), the related STATUS LED lights. When either a STOP or RETURN action occurs, the STATUS LED will flash and stay flashing until recycled by starting a new test.

If the current value of load, extension or strain is beyond the assigned limit ranges, then the crosshead control key (UP or DOWN) which would increase the out-of-range error is disabled. If this disabled key is pressed, the crosshead will not move and the related limit status LED flashes. The flashing continues until the enabled key (UP or DOWN) is pressed and the crosshead is moved in a direction to decrease the out-of-range error.

Function of

Controls

4-15

Data Storage M10-94400-1

Data Storage

Nonvolatile Memory

The data storage capability of a Series 4400 control console includes a nonvolatile memory; that is, data remains in storage, even though main power is removed, due to battery backup. The retention period of the nonvolatile memory, with a fully charged battery, is up to ninety days without refreshing.

The variables and system functions stored in nonvolatile memory are shown in Table4-4. Listed in the table is the default value or condition of each variable or function. These default values are restored whenever the system is reset by the key sequence described below.

System Reset

To reset the system, press S1 on the Main Panel, then press 0 and ENTER on the keypad. The nonvolatile memory will be cleared, including data from a previous test, and all variables, limits and system functions will be reset to their default values, as shown in Table 4-4. The Main Panel Display will show “LOSS”.

Volatile Memory

4-16

The following variables or system functions are volatile; that is, the value of the variable or function condition will be restored to a default state whenever main power is removed:

Data Storage

Table 4-4. Variables and Functions in Nonvolatile Memory

VARIABLE or FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE or CONDITION

Crosshead Speed 0

Area 1.000

Calibration (Both Zero and Scale) Uncalibrated

Testing Area BELOW XHEAD

Peak/Track/Break TRACK

Load Limit Action (Both MAX and MIN

Extension Limit Action (Both MAX and MIN)

Strain Limit Action (Both MAX and MIN

Break Action OFF

Break Storage

LD, EX, SN, EN

Peak Storage

LD, EX, SN, EN

Preset Points

Extension (in.) Extension (mm) Strain (%)

0/OFF

0 (Blank display)

PPT1 PPT2 PPT3

1310

20 60 200

100 300 1000

Function of

Controls

4-17

Data Storage M10-94400-1

Table 4-4. Variables and Functions in Nonvolatile Memory

(continued)

VARIABLE or FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE or CONDITION

Preset Points Independent

Variable

Energy Independent Variable Strain (active channel)

Autoprint Option Disabled

Preset Points Printout Suppressed

Energy Printout Suppressed

Strain (active channel)

(Reenter S1 ---sequence)

4-18

Data Storage

The tracked variables are never stored, but are updated every 50 milliseconds during a test.

The Gauge Length will also default to present crosshead position whenever main power is removed.

Function of

4-19

Controls

Resident Test Program Overview M10-94400-1

Resident Test Program Overview

The Series 4400 control consoles contain a Resident Test Program which is a feature designed to provide support for several levels of automatic testing of the console. This test program includes a Self Test Routine, a Cyclic Self Test and a Diagnostic Monitor.

Note:

The Self Test Routine is a basic test intended to inform you of the operational status of the system console, and is fully described in Chapter 5. The Cyclic Self Test and Diagnostic Monitor are intended for use by qualified maintenance personnel as troubleshooting aids, so this section provides only a brief description of these features.

The Self Test Routine is performed automatically when main power is applied to the system. Its purpose is to provide you with an initial survey of the operating condition of the console. It tests the console hardware and prevents the startup of normal operation if there are failures on the basic circuit board in the console.

When main power is applied to the Series 4400 system, all lamps (LEDs) on the front panel of the console light and all displays (LCDs) show a number. This action lasts several seconds and allows you to make a visual check of these functions. After the first part of this test, the Main Panel Display shows a coded number which indicates the operational status of the major functional sections of the console. The coded number also indicates whether an option is installed or not.

4-20

Resident Test Program Overview

If all circuit boards pass the self test, the coded number disappears and normal operation can begin. If not, the resulting number on the Main Panel Display remains and only a continuation of the Resident Test Procedure can be run.

If an installed optional board contains severe faults, as determined by the Self Test, it may be shown as not installed, thereby permitting normal operation to begin. A board designated as not installed by the Self Test is also considered absent by the operating program and its associated features are disabled.

The Cyclic Self Test is identical to the Self Test Routine previously described, except that it is continuously repeated. Its purpose is to assist in locating intermittent failures by long term testing of the console functions. When the test is stopped, all failures occurring during the running period can be identified by interpreting the resulting number that appears on the Main Panel Display.

Note:

The Cyclic Self Test is for use by qualified maintenancepersonnel. If it is started accidentally (by pressing S1 twice when the Self Test Routine number is displayed), it can be exited to resume normal operation, if there are no failures, by pressing ENTER on the keypad whenever the Self Test number is again displayed.

The Diagnostic Monitor is the main troubleshooting mode of the Resident Test Program. It provides interaction with console circuits via front panel controls, and al-

Function of

4-21

Controls

Resident Test Program Overview M10-94400-1

lows a detailed list of errors to be scanned which can directly indicate component failures.

Note

The Diagnostic Monitor is for use by qualified maintenance personnel, but limited use is described in Chapter 9 for the readout of error messages.

If the Diagnostic Monitor mode is entered accidentally (by pressing S1 once when the Self Test Routine number is displayed, or by pressing S1 then [2] on the keypad during normal operation), the word HELP will appear on the Main Panel Display. This mode can be exited to resume normal operation, if there are no failures, by either pressing REJ (Reject) or by the following procedure:

Press S1 to enter the Cyclic Self Test, wait until the Self Test result number is displayed, then press ENTER on the keypad.

4-22

Self Test Routine

This section provides information about the automatic self test feature of the Series 4400 console.

The Self Test Routine consists of two parts as described in this section. It is initiated when power is applied to the control console, and cannot be bypassed. The purpose of the Self Test Routine is to assure that the console performs reliably before allowing normal operation (also refer to the Calibration Overview, page 5-8). The duration of the self test is only several seconds, and it requires no operator input or interaction other than observation of the results of the two-part sequence. If there are no failures indicated, normal operation can start immediately after the test.

Self Test - Part 1

Apply main power to the console using the system power switch on the loading frame. Within 2 seconds, all front panel LEDs light at the same time, including the status indicators and the crosshead control panel switch LEDs. Also, at the same time, all front panel displays (LCDs) show the following numeric coding for 5 to 10 seconds.

Self Test Routine

Function of

Controls

-1.8.8.8.8

During this first part of the self test, you should scan the panels and check that all LEDs light and all LCDs display the proper number. If service is required, report the exact condition.

4-23

Self Test Routine M10-94400-1

Self Test - Part 2

After the first part of the Self TestRoutine, all LEDs turn off and the LCDs become blank. This condition persists for 2 to 5 seconds. During this second part, you should again scan the panels and check that all LEDs go off and LCDs are blank. DO NOT press any of the crosshead control switches, as a short circuit test occurs during this part.

When the Self Test Routine has been completed, the Main Panel Display shows a four-digit test result, as described in the Section “Self Test Result Display”. All other LCDs should be blank and LEDs should be off, except as described in the operating procedures of Chapter 6.

Self Test Result - No Failures

The four-digit test result, which appears on the Main Panel Display after the Self Test Routine, disappears after about 5 seconds if no board failures are detected. Normal system operation can then begin, as described in Chapter 6. Also, operation can begin more quickly,if desired, by pressing ENTER on the keypad before the test result disappears.

4-24

The REJECT and S1 keys are active when the test result is displayed, but would not normally be used at this time. Pressing REJECT recycles the Self Test Routine, and pressing S1 activates the Diagnostic Monitor which should be used only by qualified maintenance personnel.

In the case of no failures, the test result is useful only in determining what optional circuit boards are installed in the console. This can be interpreted from the description of the test result in Section “Self Test Result Display”. If this information is necessary, record the test result at this time.

Self Test Result - Failures

When failures have been detected during the Self Test, the test result shows on the Main Panel Display. However, normal operation cannot be started and pressing ENTER on the keypad has no effect. Record the test result, as it provides important service information.

In the case of failures, where one or more bad circuit boards have been found, only two keys are active on the front panel of the console, REJECT and S1. If you press REJECT ,the Self Test Routine restarts in the same manner as if main power was switched off and then on. (An exception to this is the POWER and TIMER indicators. If these LEDs were lit before recycling the self test, then retesting can occur only if main power is switched on and off.)

It is possible that no failures will occur when the Self Test Routine is rerun,but a failure on the first run indicates a possible marginal condition which you should report.

Self Test Routine

Pressing the S1 key will activate the Diagnostic Monitor which is used to further investigate the cause of any failures detected during the self test. This mode should be used only by qualified maintenance personnel.

Self Test Result Display

The four-digit test result, displayed at the end of the Self Test Routine,is designed to show the three possible conditions of the one main and two optional circuit boards in the control console (refer to Table 4-5). These conditions are 1) Good, 2) Bad or, in the case of options, 3) Not Used. This application of the Main Panel Display is done by addressing each segment of the LCD figures.

Function of

4-25

Controls

Self Test Routine M10-94400-1

Figure 4-4. Console Section Numbers Assigned to Main

Panel Display for Self Test Result

Each half of each digit in the display represents a functional section in the console. The top halves are assigned to optional sections and the bottom halves to basic sections (except Nos. 4, 7, and 8), as shown in Figure 4-4. The numbers in each digit correspond to the listing in Table 4-5.

Table 4-5. Control Console Sections

Section No. Functional Name Basic or Option

4-26

1 2 3

5 6

*Section No. 4 is not included in the Resident Self Test feature. It always shows in the Self Test as “good” even though this section is not used. Sections 7 and 8 will always show as

IEEE-488 Interface

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Crosshead Control

(Not Used)

Load Sensor Conditioner

Strain Sensor Conditioner

(Not Used) (Not Used)

“Not Used”.

Option

Basic Basic

Basic

Option

– –

Self Test Routine

The method in which each half digit of the display is coded to represent a functional section condition is by deleting a segment of the digit for a “good” or “bad” indication, or by displaying all segments if a section is not used. This is shown in Figure 4-5.

GOOD

BAD

NOT

USED

Figure 4-5. Coding of Display Results for Self Test Result

As a result of the coding, the four digits in the display can be one of the characters shown in Figure 4-6 (an exception is shown in Table 4-6).

Figure 4-6. Characters Displayed in Self Test Result

Table 4-6 shows all of the possible characters that could appear in each digit of the 4-digit Main Panel Display. Any combination of these characters could make up the Self Test Result. Table 4-6 also indicates, within each half character, the functional section number and its condition that caused the half character. The examples below show possible self test results and the meaning of each.

Function of

Controls

4-27

Self Test Routine M10-94400-1

Example No 1. All sections in use and all good.

Example No 2. IEEE Board not in use and Crosshead Control Section bad.

4-28

Self Test Routine

Table 4-6. Characters Possible in Self Test Result for

Each Digit of Main Panel Display

1st Digit 2nd Digit 3rd Digit 4th Digit

1G 2G

1NI

6NI

6G 3B

6NI

6B 3B

*NOT

POSSIBLE

7NI

*NOT

POSSIBLE

*NOT

POSSIBLE

*NOT

POSSIBLE

*NOT

POSSIBLE

*NOT

POSSIBLE

8NI

*NOT

POSSIBLE

*NOT

POSSIBLE

8NI

*NOT

POSSIBLE

Function of

Controls

Notes

4-29

Self Test Routine M10-94400-1

4-30

Version Number

The system firmware, which is the resident program that is stored in non-volatile memory, has been updated on several occasions over the life of the Model 4400 Testing System. In order for some of the option functions and features described in Chapter 6 to work properly, the firmware must have a certain version date. This requirement is noted in the description of the options in Chapter 6.

To determine the version date of your firmware, use the following key sequence at the front panel of the console:

S1, 9, ENTER

When the S1 and 9 are pressed, the setup display on the Main Panel shows “SL 9". Then, when the 1 is pressed, the display shows the month and year of the installed firmware:

“12–93"

Version Number

If the firmware has been customized just for your system, a leading minus sign is added to the displayed date:

“–12–93"

Function of

4-31

Controls

Selecting Operating Units M10-94400-1

Selecting Operating Units

Switching Units

The operating units (English, metric, S.I.) in use in a Series 4400 system is controlled by the position of the units selection switch, marked “mm/IN/SI” located on the rear panel of the console. The switch is a rocker type; depressing the left-hand side sets the units to metric, the center position is English units, and depressing the right-hand side sets the units to SI.

You should normally set the units selection switch before powering up the system. When system power is applied, the choice of units is shown by the units indicator on the Main Panel. If this switch has been changed since the last time the system was powered up, the Main Panel Display shows “LOSS”. This indicates that nonvolatile memory is reset to the default state and stored test data is lost.

4-32

Note

Youmust recalibrate the load and strain channels and reset the electronic limits if “LOSS” appears on the display panel.

If you change the units selection switch position with power applied to a calibrated system, the front panel units indicator will not change. You must perform ONE

of the following procedures to make the units change valid:

(a) Cycle main power off then on. (b) Enter the system reset sequence: Press S1, then press

[0] and [ENTER] on the keypad.

Selecting Operating Units

press [1] and [ENTER] on the keypad.

After you switch units and perform one of the above procedures, the Main Panel display will show “LOSS”, indicating that nonvolatile memory is reset to the default state and stored test data is lost.

Note

After you change operating units for a calibrated system, you must recalibrate the load and strain channels and reset all limits (Load, Extension, and Strain).

Operating Units for Self Identified Load Cells and Load Frames

The units that are used for load, extension and speed are listed in Table 4-7.

Table 4-7. Operating Units for Self-Identified Load Cells

PARAMETER ENGLISH METRIC S.I.

*Load

Extension

Speed

Legend for Table 4-7: LB = pounds N = Newtons KLB = LB x 10 KN = N x 10 MLB = KLB x 10 MN =K N x 10 GF = grams force IN = inches KGF = GF x 10 MIN = minutes KKGF = KGF x 10 MM = millimeters

KLB

MLB

IN MM MM

IN/MIN MM/MIN MM/MIN

KGF

KKGF

Function of

Controls

4-33

Selecting Operating Units M10-94400-1

The units shown in Table 4-7 provide the scaling for the Display Panel and recorder options, and are the units that appear on a printout of test results.

Note

When Area Compensation is not equal to

1.000, the load signal to the LOAD display and recorder are scaled by 1/AREA (normalized). Aprintout will show load units/Area, e.g.,LB/A.

The units in use depend upon the selection of English, metric or S.I. type, as described in the previous section. The units shown for load and extension appear only if the load cell and load frame, respectively, are self-identified.

Operating Units for Non-Self Identified Load Cells and Load Frames

If the load cell (or load frame) in use is not self-identified, then the units for load (or extension and speed) print as:

“LD” for Load “EX” for Extension “SP” for Speed

If the load cell in use is not self-identified, the scaling of the load parameter for the LOAD display, recorder and printer options depend upon the full scale value of the cell; you enter the full scale value during the calibration procedure. Also, if Area Compensation is not equal to

1.000, load is scaled by 1/Area and LD/A would be printed.

4-34

Area

Energy Units

Selecting Operating Units

If the load frame is not self identified, then the scaling of the extension parameter for the EXTENSION display, recorder and printer options and the speed parameter depend upon the units in use (inches or millimeters); you must record this separately.

There are no units associated with Area Compensation (AREA on the Main Panel). A printout of test results always lists Area values. This feature is fully described on page 5-38.

The units shown on a printout of Energy depend upon the current units in use for load and extension (English, metric, S.I.). Also, energy units are printed as being divided by Area (1/A) whenever Area is not equal to

1.000. Energy units consist of the combination:

X ∗

where:

A X = units of Load (LB, etc.) Y = variable of distance (Extension or Strain) Z = units of distance (in., etc.) A = 1/Area (used when A = 1.000)

Function of

4-35

Controls

Selecting Operating Units M10-94400-1

Examples of Energy units printout:

English units LB*EX in./A Metric units kGf*EX mm/A S.I. units N*EX mm/A

4-36

Outline

Chapter 5

System Operation

• Operating Considerations .............Page 5-2

• Pretest Procedures ...................Page 5-3

• Turn Instrument On: Warm-up .........Page 5-4

• Self Test Routine At Power Up .........Page 5-5

• System Reset At Initial Power Up.......Page 5-7

• Calibration .........................Page 5-8

• Display Panel .......................Page 5-26

• Establish Gauge Length...............Page 5-28

• Electronic Limits ....................Page 5-30

• Set Crosshead Travel Limit Stops .......Page 5-34

• Set Crosshead Speed .................Page 5-35

• Crosshead Jog Control Unit............Page 5-37

• Area Compensation ..................Page 5-38

• Install Specimen.....................Page 5-42

System

Operation

• Set Testing Area.....................Page 5-43

• Run a Test..........................Page 5-45

This chapter details the procedures involving pretest parameters common to all tests. Additional procedures for system options can be selected from Chapter 6.

5-1

Operating Considerations M10-94400-1

Operating Considerations

A typical test worksheet, which enables you to preplan a test program, is included in Chapter 7. With the blank spaces filled in where applicable, the worksheet serves as a permanent record for future reference. This record is important even for repetitive testing routines during which parameters may remain unchanged for a period of time. Even though most parameters are stored in the nonvolatile memory, these would revert to a default value if you enter the system reset sequence, [S1] [0] [ENTER].

Appendix A to this manual provides supplementary information if you need assistance in planning a materials testing procedure. A section on the introduction to testing contains details about determining load requirements, establishing gauge length and choosing a testing speed.

Appendix B is a glossary of mechanical properties and tests for materials testing applications which you can reference for specific materials testing terms.

5-2

Pretest Procedures

The Test Setup Procedures in the following list help you to prepare your Series 4400 testing system to run basic tension and compression tests. Follow the procedures sequentially, since many of them require that other procedures be performed first. Each listed procedure is covered in detail later in this chapter. Refer to Chapter 4 if you need further explanations of control or display functions. Chapter 6 provides operating procedures for optional accessories.

1. Install a load cell (Refer to load frame manual)

2. Install grips (Refer to grips manual)

3. Connect accessories (page 3-9)

4. Set operating units switch (page 4-32)

5. Turn instrument on (page 5-4)

6. Monitor Self Test (page 5-5)

Pretest Procedures

7. System reset (page 5-7)

8. Calibrate and Balance system (page 5-8)

9. Set Display Panel displays (page 5-26)

10. Set gauge length (page 5-28)

11. Set Electronic Limits (page 5-30)

12. Set crosshead limit stops (page 5-34)

13. Set crosshead speed (page 5-35)

14. Set Area Compensation (page 5-38)

15. Install test specimen (page 5-42)

16. Set testing area (page 5-43)

17. Start test (page 5-45)

System

5-3

Operation

Turn Instrument On: Warm-up M10-94400-1

Turn Instrument On: Warm-up

To turn on power to the Series 4400 instrument, set the main power switch on the load frame to ON. The complete testing system receives power, but any external accessories, such as a recorder or a printer, must be turned on separately.

When power is applied to the system, an automatic Self Test Routine runs as described on page 4-23.

You must allow a warm-up period of at least 15 minutes to assure load cell stability. This warm-up period is also necessary whenever you change a load cell.

5-4

Note

Insomecases, grips and fixtures may haveto be installed on the load frame after calibration, depending upon the procedure used and the type of load cell installed.

Self Test Routine At Power Up

The following sequence occurs during the automatic self test of the Series 4400 system when main power is applied. Monitor this routine closely, as it provides assurance of the reliability of the system before proceeding with test programs. (Refer to page 4-23 for details of this feature and user interaction.)

(a) Turn instrument on. Scan all sections of the Front

Panel during the Self Test Routine and observe the following action:

(1) All LEDs light, including the control switches

and backlit status indicators, and all displays show “-1.8888” for up to 10 seconds.

(2) All LEDs go out and all displays are blank for up

to 5 seconds.

(3) The Self Test Result shows on Main Panel Dis-

play for up to 5 seconds, then disappears (see Note below). If the Self Test Result remains on the display, then the system cannot be operated and corrective maintenance is required.

Note

You can repeat the Self Te st Routine by pressing theRejectkey(REJ) onthe keypadduringthe time whentheSelfTestResult showsontheMainPanel Display. This allows you to observe the LED test again, and, if a fault condition is random or spurious, may allow a Self Test Routine to pass a second try. If a second try is required often, it couldindicate amarginalconditionor an intermittent failure.

System

5-5

Operation

Self Test Routine At Power Up M10-94400-1

(b) After a successful Self Test, observe the following

actions (depending upon options installed): (1) On the Main Panel:

a. The STOP switch is lit. b. The display is blank, or it shows “LOSS” if the

operating units or the strain mode has been

changed before turning power on. c. The AT G.L. LED is flashing. d. An operating units status indicator is lit. e. A TESTING AREA indicator is lit.

(2) On the Display Section of the panel:

a. A display mode selection key LED is lit. b. If no prior values were stored, the displays

show:

LOAD, “——”; EXTENSION, “.000";

STRAIN, ”——".

5-6

(3) On the Limits Section of the panel, a Limits

Status LED may be lit.

The particular LEDs and indicators that are lit at the end of a Self Test Routine vary depending upon the state of the system. That is, variables and functions may not be at the default state (refer to Table 4-5) due to a previous test which would be stored in the nonvolatile memory.

If you enter the System Reset sequence as described on page 5-7, the default state is restored.

System Reset At Initial Power Up

When you initially power up your Series 4400 system, we recommended that you enter a System Reset sequence at the end of the Self Test Routine. This ensures that system data storage is at the default state (Table 4-5).

To enter a System Reset:

Press S1 on the Main Panel, then press “0" and ”ENTER" on the keypad.

The Main Panel Display shows “LOSS” after this sequence, which indicates that any previously stored conditions and data are lost.

System

5-7

Operation

Load Calibration M10-94400-1

Load Calibration

Overview

The Load Measurement function of the Series 4400 System consists of a precision load cell transducer,mounted on the load frame crosshead, and a Load Sensor Conditioner, located on a section of the console printed circuit card.

The calibration procedure precisely calibrates the load weighing system for the load cell in use. The system then is able to provide an accurate load signal which is automatically ranged during a test over 100% (X1), 50% (X2), 20% (X5) and 10% (X10) ranges of the load cell maximum capacity.

A 15 minute warm-up period with system power on and all circuits functioning, must be allowed before performing the calibration procedure. This assures that load cell creep is at a minimum.

5-8

The calibration procedure you use depends on the type of load cell installed. Load cells can be one of the following types:

(a) Self identifying and electrically calibrated. (b) Self identifying and manually calibrated. (c) Non-self identifying and electrically calibrated. (d) Non-self identifying and manually calibrated. The procedures for calibrating all four types of load

cells are given in this section. These procedures, for the most part, require you to enter simple key sequences.

Instron 4400 Series Operator's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual