Instek Instek AFG-3021 Manual

Arbitrary Function Generator

AFG-3021, 3022, 3031 & AFG-3032

USER MANUAL

GW INSTEK PART NO. 82FG-30320E01

ISO-9001 CERTIFIED MANUFACTURER

99 Washington Street
Melrose, MA 02176

Phone [phone]
Toll Free 1-800-517-8431

Visit us at www.TestEquipmentDepot.com

February 2016 edition

This manual contains proprietary information, which is protected by
copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this manual may be
photocopied, reproduced or translated to another language without
prior written consent of Good Will Corporation.

The information in this manual was correct at the time of printing.
However, Good Will continues to improve its products and therefore
reserves the right to change the specifications, equipment, and
maintenance procedures at any time without notice.

Good Will Instrument Co., Ltd.
No. 7-1, Jhongsing Rd., Tucheng City, Taipei County 236, Taiwan.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS .................................. 6

GETTING STARTED ........................................ 12

Main Features ................................................................... 12

Panel Overview .................................................................. 15

Setting up the Function Generator .................................... 24

QUICK REFERENCE ....................................... 26

How to use the Digital Inputs ........................................... 28

How to use the Help Menu ............................................... 29

Selecting a Waveform ........................................................ 32

Modulation ........................................................................ 36

Sweep ................................................................................ 42

Burst ................................................................................. 43

ARB ................................................................................... 44

Utility Menu ...................................................................... 48

Menu Tree ......................................................................... 51

Default Settings ................................................................ 68

OPERATION ................................................... 70

Select a Channel ................................................................ 71

Select a Waveform ............................................................. 72

MODULATION ............................................... 89

Amplitude Modulation (AM) ............................................. 91

Frequency Modulation (FM) ............................................ 100

Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation ........................ 108

Phase Modulation (PM) .................................................. 115

SUM Modulation ............................................................. 121

Pulse Width Modulation .................................................. 128

Sweep .............................................................................. 135

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AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Burst Mode ..................................................................... 146

SECONDARY SYSTEM FUNCTION SETTINGS

..................................................................... 158

Save, Recall or Delete ...................................................... 159

Selecting the Remote Interface ........................................ 163

System and Settings ........................................................ 168

DUAL CHANNEL & MULTI-UNIT OPERATION

..................................................................... 177

Dual Channe l Settings ..................................................... 178

Multi-Unit Syncing .......................................................... 186

ARBITRARY WAVEFORMS ............................ 190

Inserting Built-In Waveforms ........................................... 191

Display an Arbitrary Waveform ........................................ 198

Editing an Arbitrary Waveform ......................................... 205

Output an Arbitrary Waveform ......................................... 214

Saving/Loading an Arbitrary Waveform ............................ 221

REMOTE INTERFACE ................................... 229

Establishing a Remote Connection .................................. 230

Web Browser Control Interface ........................................ 237

Command Syntax ............................................................. 240

Command List ................................................................. 245

488.2 Common Commands .............................................. 251

Status Register Commands .............................................. 254

System Commands .......................................................... 260

Apply Commands ............................................................ 263

Output Commands .......................................................... 271

Pulse Configuration Commands ...................................... 281

Harmonic Commands ...................................................... 284

Amplitude Modulation (AM) Commands ......................... 288

AM Overview ................................................................... 288

4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Frequency Modulation (FM) Commands ......................... 293

FM Overview ................................................................... 293

Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Commands ........................ 298

FSK Overview .................................................................. 298

Phase Modulation (PM) Commands ................................ 302

PM Overview ................................................................... 302

Additive Modulation (SUM) Commands .......................... 306

SUM Overview ................................................................. 306

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Commands ................... 311

PWM Overview ................................................................ 311

Frequency Sweep Commands .......................................... 316

Sweep Overview .............................................................. 316

Burst Mode Commands ................................................... 327

Burst Mode Overview ...................................................... 327

Arbitrary Waveform Commands ....................................... 337

Arbitrary Waveform Overview .......................................... 337

Tracking Commands ........................................................ 378

Reference Commands ...................................................... 383

Save and Recall Commands ............................................. 384

Error Messages ............................................................... 386

SCPI Status Registers ...................................................... 399

APPENDIX .................................................... 405

Fuse Replacement ........................................................... 405

AFG-3021, AFG-3022, AFG-3031 & AFG-3032 Specifications

........................................................................................ 406

EC Declaration of Conformity .......................................... 413

ARB Built-In Waveforms .................................................. 414

INDEX .......................................................... 422

5

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

WARNING

Warning: Identifies conditions or practices that
could result in injury or loss of life.

CAUTION

Caution: Identifies conditions or practices that
could result in damage to the function generator or
to other objects or property.

DANGER High Voltage

Attention: Refer to the Manual

Signal ground. Chassis ground

Signal ground. Isolated from other channels and
ground.

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

This chapter contains important safety instructions
that should be followed when operating and
storing the function generator. Read the following
before any operation to ensure your safety and to
keep the function generator in the best condition.

Safety Symbols

These safety symbols may appear in this manual or on the
instrument.

6

Do not dispose electronic equipment as unsorted
municipal waste. Please use a separate collection
facility or contact the supplier from which this
instrument was purchased.

Safety Guidelines

General
Guideline

CAUTION

 Do not place heavy objects on the instrument.

 Do not place flammable objects on the

instrument.

 Avoid severe impact or rough handling that

may damage the function generator.

 Avoid discharges of static electricity on or near

the function generator.

 Use only mating connectors, not bare wires, for

the terminals.

 The instrument should only be disassembled by

a qualified technician.

 Do not apply more than 42Vpk to any

input/output ground or to the chassis ground.

 Do not apply voltage to the output terminals to

avoid damage to the instrument.

 Do not apply more than ±5V to the trigger or

MOD input terminals to avoid damage to the
instrument.

(Measurement categories) EN 61010-1:2010 specifies the
measurement categories and their requirements as follows. The
AFG-30XX falls under category II.

 Measurement category IV is for measurement performed at the

source of a low-voltage installation.

 Measurement category III is for measurement performed in a

building installation.

 Measurement category II is for measurement performed on

circuits directly connected to a low voltage installation.

 Measurement category I is for measurements performed on

circuits not directly connected to Mains.

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

7

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Power Supply

WARNING

 AC Input voltage: 100 - 240V AC, 50 - 60Hz.

 Connect the protective grounding conductor of

the AC power cord to an earth ground to
prevent electric shock.

Fuse

WARNING

 Fuse type:

AFG-3032&3022: T1A/250V
AFG-3031&3021: T0.63A/250V

 Only qualified technicians should replace the

fuse.

 To ensure fire protection, replace the fuse only

with the specified type and rating.

 Disconnect the power cord and all test leads

before replacing the fuse.

 Make sure the cause of the fuse blowout is fixed

before replacing the fuse.

Ground

CAUTION

 The AFG-30XX is a floating function generator;

the AFG-30XXs’ common ground is electrically
isolated from the chassis ground by a 42Vpk
isolation voltage (DC + peak AC). Exceeding
42Vpp may cause damage to the internal
circuits.

 Do not short the chassis ground with

CH1(MAIN)’s or CH2’s common ground if
there is a potential voltage difference between
them. Doing so may damage the unit or
externally connected equipment.

 If there is a potential voltage between CH1’s and

CH2’s common ground, do not short them.

Doing so may damage the unit or externally
connected equipment.

WARNING

 To avoid electric shock ensure that the output

voltage and floating voltage does not exceed
42Vpk in total.

 Do not touch any exposed connectors when the

unit is being operated.

8

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Cleaning the
function
generator

 Disconnect the power cord before cleaning the

function generator.

 Use a soft cloth dampened in a solution of mild

detergent and water. Do not spray any liquid
into the function generator.

 Do not use chemicals containing harsh products

such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and acetone.

Operation
Environment

 Location: Indoor, no direct sunlight, dust free,

almost non-conductive pollution (Note below)
and avoid strong magnetic fields.

 Relative Humidity: < 80%

 Altitude: < 2000m

 Temperature: 0°C to 40°C

(Pollution Degree) EN 61010-1:2010 specifies pollution degrees and
their requirements as follows. The function generator falls under
degree 2.

Pollution refers to “addition of foreign matter, solid, liquid, or
gaseous (ionized gases), that may produce a reduction of dielectric
strength or surface resistivity”.

 Pollution degree 1: No pollution or only dry, non-conductive

pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence.

 Pollution degree 2: Normally only non-conductive pollution

occurs. Occasionally, however, a temporary conductivity caused
by condensation must be expected.

 Pollution degree 3: Conductive pollution occurs, or dry, non-

conductive pollution occurs which becomes conductive due to
condensation which is expected. In such conditions, equipment
is normally protected against exposure to direct sunlight,
precipitation, and full wind pressure, but neither temperature
nor humidity is controlled.

Storage
environment

 Location: Indoor

 Relative Humidity: < 70%

 Temperature: -10°C to 70°C

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AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Disposal

Do not dispose this instrument as unsorted
municipal waste. Please use a separate collection
facility or contact the supplier from which this
instrument was purchased. Please make sure
discarded electrical waste is properly recycled to
reduce environmental impact.

Class A Device

WARNING

The AFG-30XX function generators are categorized
as Class A equipment. Class A equipment is
intended for use in an industrial environment.
Class A equipment may have potential difficulties
in ensuring electromagnetic compatibility in other
environments, due to conducted as well as
radiated disturbances.

10

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Green/ Yellow:

Earth

Blue:

Neutral

Brown:

Live (Phase)

Power cord for the United Kingdom

When using the function generator in the United Kingdom, make sure the
power cord meets the following safety instructions.

NOTE: This lead/appliance must only be wired by competent persons

WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED
IMPORTANT: The wires in this lead are coloured in accordance with the
following code:

As the colours of the wires in main leads may not correspond with the
coloured marking identified in your plug/appliance, proceed as follows:

The wire which is coloured Green & Yellow must be connected to the Earth
terminal marked with either the letter E, the earth symbol or coloured

Green/Green & Yellow.

The wire which is coloured Blue must be connected to the terminal which is
marked with the letter N or coloured Blue or Black.

The wire which is coloured Brown must be connected to the terminal
marked with the letter L or P or coloured Brown or Red.

If in doubt, consult the instructions provided with the equipment or contact
the supplier.

This cable/appliance should be protected by a suitably rated and approved
HBC mains fuse: refer to the rating information on the equipment and/or
user instructions for details. As a guide, a cable of 0.75mm2 should be
protected by a 3A or 5A fuse. Larger conductors would normally require
13A types, depending on the connection method used.

Any exposed wiring from a cable, plug or connection that is engaged in a
live socket is extremely hazardous. If a cable or plug is deemed hazardous,
turn off the mains power and remove the cable, any fuses and fuse
assemblies. All hazardous wiring must be immediately destroyed and
replaced in accordance to the above standard.

11

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Model name

Frequency
bandwidth

Channels
AFG-3021

20MHz

1(signal ground chassis isolation)

AFG-3022

20MHz

2 (signal ground chassis isolation and

channel isolation)

AFG-3031

30MHz

1(signal ground chassis isolation)

AFG-3032

30MHz

2 (signal ground chassis isolation and
channel isolation)

Performance

 DDS Function Generator series

 1μHz high frequency resolution maintained at

full range

 1ppm frequency stability

 Full Function Arbitrary Waveform Capability

-250 MSa/s sample rate

-125 MSa/s repetition rate

-8 M-point waveform length

-16-bit amplitude resolution

GETTING STARTED

The Getting started chapter introduces the
function generator’s main features, appearance, set
up procedure and power-up.

Note: Throughout this manual, “AFG-30XX”
refers to the AFG-3021, AFG-3022, AFG-3031 &
AFG-3032, unless stated otherwise.

Main Features

12

-Ten 8 M waveform memories

-True waveform output to display

-User define output section

-D W R (Direct Waveform Reconstruction)
capability

-Waveform editing capability sans PC

-N Cycle and Infinite output mode selectable

 -60dBc low distortion sine wave

Features

 Sine, Square, Triangle, Pulse, Ramp, Noise, DC

standard waveforms

 Int/Ext AM, FM, PWM, FSK, PM, SUM

modulation

 Modulation/sweep signal output

 Burst function with internal and external

triggers

 Store/recall 10 groups of setting memories

 Output overload protection

 Two channel tracking (AFG-3022/3032 only)

 42Vpk signal ground chassis isolation and

42Vpk channel isolation

 Multi-unit synchronized control

 DSO Link function to transfer captured

waveforms from the DSO to the function
generator

 Harmonic waveform function

 Pulse waveform with configurable rise times &

fall times

 Frequency and amplitude sweep

GETTING STARTED

13

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Interface

 Interface: Standard: LAN, USB Optional: GPIB

 4.3 inch color TFT LCD (480 × 272) Graphical

User Interface

 AWES (Arbitrary Waveform Editing Software)

PC software

14

Panel Overview

Arbitrary Function Generator

AFG-3031

OUTPUT

Waveform FREQ/Rate AMPL DC Offset UTIL

Preset

0

7 8 9

4 5 6

1 2 3

/

Output

F 1 F 2

F 3

F 4 F 5 F 6

ARB MOD Sweep Burst

MAIN

50

W

50

W

MOD

SYNC

MAIN

42V
MAX

42V
MAX

42V
MAX

LCD Display Number

pad

Scroll Wheel

Output
Terminals

Function keys USB portOutput

indicators

Output key

Selection
keys

Power Switch

Operation
keys

CH2

CH1

Output

Arbitrary Function Generator

AFG-3032

OUTPUT

Waveform FREQ/Rate AMPL DC Offset UTIL

Preset

0

7 8 9

4 5 6

1 2 3

/

Output

F 1 F 2

F 3

F 4 F 5 F 6

ARB MOD Sweep Burst

CH2

CH1

50

W

50

W

SYNC

CH2

CH1

42V
MAX

W

42V
MAX

42V
MAX

50

LCD Display Number

pad

Scroll Wheel

Output
Terminals

Function keys USB portOutput

indicators

Output
keys

Selection
keys

Power Switch

Operation
keys

CH1/CH2

Front Panel

AFG-3021/3031

AFG-3022/3032

GETTING STARTED

15

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

LCD display

TFT color LCD display, 480 x 272 resolution.

Function keys:
F1~F6

F 1

Activates the functions which
appear in the bottom of the LCD
display.

Operation keys

Waveform

Waveform is used to select a
waveform type.

FREQ/Rate

The FREQ/Rate key is used to set
the frequency or sample rate.

AMPL

AMPL sets the waveform
amplitude.

DC Offset

Sets the DC offset.

UTIL

The UTIL key is used to access the
save and recall options, set the
remote interface (USB, GPIB,
LAN), use DSO link (AFG­3021/3031), update and view the
firmware version, access the
calibration options, output
impedance settings (AFG­3021/3031 only), set the language
and access the help menu.

ARB

ARB is used to set the arbitrary
waveform parameters.

MOD

Sweep

Burst

The MOD, Sweep and Burst keys
are used to set the modulation,
sweep and burst settings and
parameters.

Preset

Preset

The preset key is used to recall a
preset state.

16

GETTING STARTED

Main Output
(AFG-3021/3031)

Output

MAIN

The Output key is used to turn on
or off the waveform output.

CH1/CH2
Output
(AFG-3022/3032)

Output

CH1

CH1/CH2 Output key. These
keys are used to turn the output
on or off for each individual
channel.

CH1/CH2
(AFG-3022/3032)

CH1

CH2

The CH1/CH2 keys are used to
access the DSO link function,
output impedance settings and
phase settings for the AFG-3022 &
AFG-3032.

Output
indicators

OUTPUT

When an Output indicator is
green, it indicates that the output
is active.

USB host
connector

The USB Host connector is used
to save and restore data as well as
update the firmware.

17

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Output terminals
(AFG-3021/3031)

MOD

42V
MAX

Modulation output terminal for
the AM, FM, PWM, PM, SUM or
sweep function.

50

W

SYNC

42V
MAX

The SYNC output terminal
outputs a TTL logic level signal in
phase with the zero phase
position of the main output. 50Ω
output impedance.

50

W

MAIN

42V
MAX

The primary output terminal. 50Ω
output impedance.

Note: The MAIN ground has a common ground
with the MOD output, SYNC and MOD input
terminals. They are also isolated from the chassis
ground and the 10MHz REF IN ground by an
isolation voltage of 42Vpk.

Output terminals

(AFG-3022/3032)

SYNC

42V
MAX

50

W

The SYNC output terminal
outputs a TTL logic level signal in
phase with the zero phase

position of the CH1 output. 50Ω

output impedance.

50

W

CH2

42V
MAX

CH2 output terminal. 50Ω output

impedance.

50

W

CH1

42V
MAX

CH1 output terminal. 50Ω output

impedance.

Note: The CH1, CH2 and 10MHz REF IN ground
are isolated from each other and from the chassis
ground by an isolation voltage of 42Vpk.

The CH1 ground has a common ground with the
MOD output, SYNC and the CH1 MOD input
terminals.

The CH2 ground has a common ground with the
CH2 MOD input terminal.

18

GETTING STARTED

Standby key

The standby key is used to turn
the function generator on (green)
or to put the function generator
into standby mode (red).

Selection keys

Used to select digits when editing
parameters.

Scroll Wheel

The scroll wheel is used to edit
values and parameters.

Decrease Increase

Keypad

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

The digital keypad is used to
enter values and parameters. The
keypad is often used in
conjunction with the selection
keys and variable knob.

19

Rear Panel

WARNING

LAN

replacing fuse

Disconnect power
cord and test
leads before

100 240V

50 60Hz 50VA

AC

AC 250V
T 0.63A

FUSE RATING

GPIB

must be connected to ground.
For continued fire protection. Replace only with specified type and rated fuse.
No operator serviceable components inside.
Do not remove covers. Refer servicing to qualified personnel.

To avoid electric shock the power cord protective grounding conductor

OUT

INPUT

42V

MAX

IN

TriggerMOD

42V

MAX

REF

10MHz

GPIB Fan

OUT and IN
10MHz REF

USB portTrigger

Input

Power
socket and
fuse

Power Switch

MOD
Input

LAN

REF

OUT

INPUT

42V
MAX

10MHz

42V
MAX

IN

WARNING

LAN

replacing fuse

Disconnect power
cord and test
leads before

100 240V

50 60Hz 85VA

AC

AC 250V

T 1A

FUSE RATING

GPIB

must be connected to ground.
For continued fire protection. Replace only with specified type and rated fuse.
No operator serviceable components inside.
Do not remove covers. Refer servicing to qualified personnel.

To avoid electric shock the power cord protective grounding conductor

42V
MAX

CH2

Trigger MOD

CH1

TriggerMOD

GPIB Fan

OUT and IN
10MHz REF

CH1 MOD &
Trigger Input

Power
socket and
fuse

USB port Power Switch

CH2 MOD &
Trigger Input

LAN

10MHz REF OUT

OUT

IN

42V
MAX

REF

10 MHz reference output.

10MHz REF IN

10 MHz reference input.

AFG-3021/3031

AFG-3022/3032

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

20

GETTING STARTED

Trigger Input

Trigger

External trigger input. Used to
receive external trigger signals. For
the AFG-3022/3032 there is a
separate trigger input for CH1 and
CH2.

MOD input

42V
MAX

MOD

Modulation input terminal. For the
AFG-3022/3032 there is a separate
modulation input for CH1 and
CH2.

Note: The CH1/CH2 MOD input terminals are
isolated from each other and from the chassis
ground by an isolation voltage of 42Vpk.

The CH1 MOD input shares ground with the CH1
ground.

The CH2 MOD input shares ground with the CH2
ground.

Fan

Power Socket
Input and fuse

Power input: 100-240V AC

50-60Hz.

Fuse:
AFG-3022/3032: T1A/250V
AFG-3021/AFG-3031: T0.63A/250V

For the fuse replacement procedure,
see page 405.

Power Switch

Main power switch.

USB B port

The USB B connector is used to
connect the function generator to a
PC for remote control.

LAN port

LAN

Ethernet port used for remote
control (RJ45 connector).

21

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

GPIB

GPIB

24 pin female GPIB
connector for PC remote
control.

22

Display

CH1
Waveform
Display

Soft Menu Keys

CH2
Waveform
Display

CH1
Parameter
Window

CH2
Parameter
Window

Parameter
Windows

These windows are used to edit the parameter
values for CH1 and CH2.

Waveform Display

The Waveform Display is used give an indication
of the expected waveform output for each channel.

Soft Menu Keys

The function keys (F1~F6) below the Soft Menu
keys correspond to the soft keys.

GETTING STARTED

23

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Background

This section describes how to adjust the handle
and power up the function generator.

Adjusting the
stand

Pull out the handle
sideways and rotate
it.
Place the unit
horizontally,

or tilt the stand.

Place the handle
vertically to hand
carry.

Setting up the Function Generator

24

GETTING STARTED

Power Up

1. Connect the power cord to
the socket on the rear panel.

2. Turn on the power switch
on the rear panel.

3. Press and hold the Standby
key on the front panel to
turn the machine on. The
standby key will change
from red (standby) to green
(on).

Standby

On

4. When the standby key turns green, the
instrument will turn on showing a loading
screen.

The function generator is now ready to be used.

25

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

How to use the Digital Inputs ............................................ 28

How to use the Help Menu ................................................ 29

Selecting a Waveform ........................................................ 32

Square Wave ........................................................................ 32

Triangle Wave ....................................................................... 32

Sine Wave ............................................................................. 33

Pulse Wave ........................................................................... 33

Noise Wave .......................................................................... 34

Harmonic Wave ................................................................... 34

Modulation ........................................................................ 36

AM ........................................................................................ 36

FM ........................................................................................ 37

FSK Modulation ................................................................... 38

PM ........................................................................................ 39

SUM Modulation ................................................................. 40

PWM Modulation ................................................................. 41

Sweep ................................................................................ 42

Burst ................................................................................. 43

ARB ................................................................................... 44

ARB – Add Built-In Waveform ............................................. 44

ARB – Add Built-In Waveform - Pulse ................................. 44

ARB - Add Point ................................................................... 45

ARB - Add Line ..................................................................... 45

ARB – Output Section .......................................................... 46

ARB – Output N Cycle ......................................................... 46

ARB – Output Infinite Cycles ............................................... 47

QUICK REFERENCE

This chapter lists operation shortcuts, built-in help coverage, and
default factory settings. Use this chapter as a quick reference for
instrument functions. For detailed explanations on parameters,
settings and limitations, please see the Operation chapter(page 70),
Modulation chapter(page 89), Secondary System Function Settings
chapter (page 158), Dual Channel & Multi-Unit Operation
chapter(page 177) or the Specifications (page 406).

26

QUICK REFERENCE

Utility Menu ...................................................................... 48

Save ...................................................................................... 48

Recall .................................................................................... 48

Interface GPIB ...................................................................... 48

Interface LAN ....................................................................... 49

Interface USB ....................................................................... 49

Dual Channel – Frequency Coupling ................................... 49

Dual Channel – Amplitude Coupling ................................... 49

Dual Channel – Tracking ...................................................... 50

Menu Tree ......................................................................... 51

Waveform ............................................................................. 51

Waveform - Pulse ................................................................. 52

Waveform - More ................................................................. 52

ARB-Display .......................................................................... 53

ARB-Edit ............................................................................... 54

ARB-Built-in .......................................................................... 55

ARB-Built in-Basic ................................................................ 56

ARB-Save .............................................................................. 57

ARB-Load .............................................................................. 57

ARB-Output .......................................................................... 58

MOD ..................................................................................... 59

Sweep - Type/MOD = Frequency ......................................... 60

Sweep - More ........................................................................ 60

Sweep - Type/MOD = Amplitude......................................... 61

Burst – N Cycle ..................................................................... 62

Burst - Gate .......................................................................... 62

CH1 / CH2 (AFG-3022/AFG-3032 Only) ............................. 63

UTIL (AFG-3021/3031) ........................................................ 63

UTIL (AFG-3022/AFG-3032) ................................................ 64

UTIL - Interface ..................................................................... 64

UTIL - Interface - LAN .......................................................... 65

UTIL - Interface - LAN - Config - Manual ............................. 66

UTIL - System ....................................................................... 66

UTIL - Dual Channel ............................................................. 67

Default Settings ................................................................ 68

27

QUICK REFERENCE

Background

The AFG-30XX has three main types of digital
inputs: the number pad, selection keys and scroll
wheel. The following instructions will show you
how to use the digital inputs to edit parameters.

1. To select a menu item, press the corresponding
function keys below (F1~F6). In the example
below, the F1 function key corresponds to the
Soft key “Sine”.

2. To edit a digital value, use
the selector key to move the
cursor to the digit that needs
to be edited.

3. Use the scroll wheel to edit
the digit under the cursor.
Clockwise increases the
value, counterclockwise
decreases the value.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

4. Alternatively, the number
pad can be used to set the
value of a highlighted
parameter.

How to use the Digital Inputs

28

How to use the Help Menu

Background

Every key and function has a detailed description
in the help menu.

1. Press UTIL.

UTIL

2. Press System (F4)[F5 for the
AFG-3021/3031].

System

F 4

3. Press More (F5).

More

F 5

4. Press Help (F2).

Help

F 2

5. Use the scroll wheel to
navigate to a help item. Press
Select to choose the item.

Keypad

Provides help on any front panel
key that is pressed.

Arbitrary
Waveform

Explains how to create arbitrary
waveforms.

QUICK REFERENCE

29

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Modulation
Function

Explains how to create
Modulated waveforms.

Sweep Function

Provides help on the Sweep
function.

Burst Function

Provides help on the Burst
function.

DSO Link

Provides help on DSO link.

Hardcopy

Explains how to use the
Hardcopy function.

Dual Channel

Describes how to perform
frequency or amplitude tracking
for the AFG-3022/3032.

6. For example select item 5 to see help on the
sweep function.

30

QUICK REFERENCE

7. Use the scroll wheel to navigate to each help
page.

8. Press F6 to return to the
previous menus.

Return

F 6

31

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Example: Square wave, 3Vpp, 75%duty, 1 kHz

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press the Waveform
key and select Square
(F2).

Waveform

Square

2. Press Duty(F1),
followed by 7 + 5 +
%(F5)

Duty

7

5

%

Input: N/A

3. Press the FREQ/Rate
key, followed by 1 +
kHz (F5).

1

kHz

FREQ/Rate

4. Press the AMPL key,
followed by 3 + VPP
(F6).

3

VPP

AMPL

5. Press the output key.

Output

Example: Triangle wave, 5Vpp, 10kHz

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

Input: N/A

1. Press the Waveform
key and select
Triangle (F3).

Waveform

Triangle

2. Press the FREQ/Rate
key, followed by 1 + 0
+ kHz (F5).

1

0

kHz

FREQ/Rate

Selecting a Waveform

Square Wave

Triangle Wave

32

3. Press the AMPL key,
followed by 5 +VPP
(F6).

5

Vpp

AMPL

4. Press the output key.

Output

Sine Wave

Example: Sine wave, 10Vpp, 100kHz

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

Input: N/A

1. Press the Waveform
key and select Sine
(F1).

Waveform

Sine

2. Press the FREQ/Rate
key, followed by 1 + 0
+0 + kHz (F5).

FREQ/Rate

1

0 0

kHz

3. Press the AMPL key,
followed by 1 + 0
+VPP (F6).

1

0

VPP

AMPL

4. Press the output key.

Output

Example: Pulse wave, 10Vpp, 100kHz, 5us pulse width

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

Input: N/A

1. Press the FREQ/Rate
key, followed by 1 + 0
+0 + kHz (F5).

FREQ/Rate

1

0 0

kHz

2. Press the Waveform
key and select Pulse
(F4).

Waveform

Pulse

QUICK REFERENCE

Pulse Wave

33

3. Press Width (F1),
followed by 5 + uSEC
(F3).

Width

5

uSEC

4. Press the AMPL key,
followed by 1 + 0
+VPP (F6).

1

0

VPP

AMPL

5. Press the output key.

Output

Noise Wave

Example: White noise output

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

Input: N/A

1. Press the Waveform
key and select More
(F6), Noise (F1).

Waveform

More

Noise

2. Press the output key.

Output

Example: 10kHz harmonic sine wave, odd & even (all) harmonics,
up to the 3rd order (2nd(5Vpp), 3rd(2Vpp), 0º phase.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

Input: N/A

1. Press the Waveform
key and select More
(F6), Harmonic (F2).

Waveform

More Harmonic

2. Press Total (F1),
followed by 3 + Enter
(F1).

Total

3

Enter

3. Press Type (F2), ALL
(F3).

Type ALL

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Harmonic Wave

34

QUICK REFERENCE

4. Press Order (F3).

Order

5. Press Order (F1),
followed by 2 + Enter
(F1).

Press Amp(F2),
followed by 5 +
VPP (F2).

Press Phase(F3),
followed by 0 +
Degree (F1).

Order

2

Enter

Ampl

5

VPP

Phase

0

Degree

6. Press the Order (F1),
followed by 3 + Enter
(F1).

Press Amp(F2),
followed by 2 +
VPP (F2).

Press Phase(F3),
followed by 0 +
Degree (F1).

Order

3

Enter

Ampl

2

VPP

Phase

0

Degree

7. Press the output key.

Output

35

Modulation

Example: AM modulation. 100Hz modulating square wave. 1kHz
Sine wave carrier. 80% modulation depth.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press the MOD key
and select AM (F1).

MOD

AM

2. Press Waveform and
select Sine (F1).

Waveform

Sine

Input: N/A

3. Press the Freq/Rate
key, followed by 1 +
kHz (F5).

1

kHz

FREQ/Rate

4. Press the MOD key,
select AM (F1), Shape
(F4), Square (F2).

MOD

AM Shape

Square

5. Press the MOD key,
select AM (F1), AM
Freq (F3).

MOD

AM AM Freq

6. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz
(F2).

0

0

Hz

1

7. Press the MOD key,
select AM (F1), Depth
(F2).

MOD

AM Depth

8. Press 8 + 0 + % (F1).

8

0

%

AM

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

36

9. Press MOD, AM (F1),
Source (F1), INT (F1).

MOD

AM Source

INT

10. Press the output key.

Output

FM

Example: FM modulation. 100Hz modulating square wave. 1kHz
sine wave carrier. 100 Hz frequency deviation. Internal source.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press the MOD key
and select FM (F2).

MOD

FM

2. Press Waveform and
select Sine (F1).

Waveform

Sine

Input: N/A

3. Press the Freq/Rate
key, followed by 1 +
kHz (F5).

1

kHz

FREQ/Rate

4. Press the MOD key,
select FM (F2), Shape
(F4), Square (F2).

MOD

FM Shape

Square

5. Press the MOD key,
select FM (F2), FM
Freq (F3).

MOD

FM FM Freq

6. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz
(F2).

0

0

Hz

1

7. Press the MOD key,
select FM (F2), Freq
Dev (F2).

MOD

FM Freq Dev

QUICK REFERENCE

37

8. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz
(F3).

0

0

Hz

1

9. Press MOD, FM (F2),
Source (F1), INT (F1).

MOD

FM

Source

INT

10. Press the output key.

Output

FSK Modulation

Example: FSK modulation. 100Hz hop frequency. 1kHz carrier
wave. Triangle wave. 10 Hz rate. Internal source.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press the MOD key
and select FSK (F3).

MOD

FSK

2. Press Waveform and
select Triangle (F3).

Waveform

Triangle

Input: N/A

3. Press the Freq/Rate
key, followed by 1 +
kHz (F5).

1

kHz

FREQ/Rate

4. Press the MOD key,
select FSK (F3), FSK
Rate (F3).

MOD

FSK FSK Rate

5. Press 1 + 0 + Hz (F2).

1

0

Hz

6. Press the MOD key,
select FSK (F3), Hop
Freq (F2).

MOD

FSK Hop Freq

7. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz
(F3).

0

0

Hz

1

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

38

8. Press MOD, FSK (F3),
Source (F1), INT (F1).

MOD

FSK Source

INT

9. Press the output key.

Output

PM

Example: PM modulation. 100Hz phase frequency. Sine wave shape.

180° phase deviation. 1kHz sine wave carrier.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press the MOD key
and select PM (F4).

MOD

PM

2. Press Waveform and
select Sine (F1).

Waveform

Sine

Input: N/A

3. Press the Freq/Rate
key, followed by 1 +
kHz (F5).

1

kHz

FREQ/Rate

4. Press the MOD key,
select PM (F4), Shape
(F4), Sine (F1).

MOD

PM Shape

Sine

5. Press the MOD key,
select PM (F4), PM
Freq (F3).

MOD

PM PM Freq

6. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz
(F2).

0

0

Hz

1

7. Press the MOD key,
select PM (F4), Phase
Dev (F2).

MOD

PM Phase Dev

QUICK REFERENCE

39

8. Press 1 + 8 + 0 +
Degree (F1).

8

0

Degree

1

SUM Modulation

Example: SUM modulation. 100Hz SUM frequency. 50% SUM
amplitude. 1kHz carrier sine wave. Triangle wave shape. Internal
source.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press the MOD key
and select SUM (F5).

MOD

SUM

2. Press Waveform and
select Sine (F1).

Waveform

Sine

Input: N/A

3. Press the Freq/Rate
key, followed by 1 +
kHz (F5).

1

kHz

FREQ/Rate

4. Press the MOD key,
select SUM (F5), SUM
Freq (F3).

MOD

SUM SUM Freq

5. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz
(F2).

0

Hz

1

0

6. Press the MOD key,
select SUM (F5), SUM
Ampl (F2).

MOD

SUM SUM Ampl

7. Press 5 + 0 + % (F1).

0

%

5

8. Press the MOD key,
select SUM (F5),
Shape (F4), Triangle
(F3).

MOD

SUM Shape

Triangle

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

40

9. Press MOD, SUM
(F5), Source (F1), INT
(F1).

MOD

SUM

Source

INT

10. Press the output key.

Output

PWM Modulation

Example: PWM modulation. 800Hz carrier wave. 15 kHz
modulating sine wave. 50% duty cycle. Internal source.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press Waveform and
select Square (F2).

Waveform

Square

2. Press the MOD key
and select PWM (F6).

MOD

PWM

Input: N/A

3. Press the FREQ/Rate
key, followed by 8 + 0
+ 0 + Hz (F4).

8

FREQ/Rate

0

0

Hz

4. Press the MOD key,
select PWM (F6),
Shape (F4), Sine (F1).

MOD

PWM Shape

Sine

5. Press the MOD key,
PWM (F6), PWM
Freq (F3).

MOD

PWM PWM Freq

6. Press 1 + 5 + kHz
(F3).

1

5

kHz

7. Press MOD, PWM
(F6), Duty (F2).

MOD

PWM Duty

8. Press 5 + 0 + % (F1).

5

0

%

QUICK REFERENCE

41

9. Press MOD, PWM
(F6), Source (F1), INT
(F1).

MOD

PWM Source

INT

10. Press the output key.

Output

Sweep

Example: Frequency sweep. Start frequency 10mHz, stop frequency
1MHz. Log sweep, 1 second sweep, manual trigger.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press Sweep, Start
(F3).

Sweep

Start

2. Press 1 + 0 + mHz
(F2).

0

mHz

1

3. Press Sweep, Stop
(F4).

Sweep

Stop

Input: N/A

4. Press 1 + MHz (F5).

1

MHz

5. Press Sweep,
Type/MOD (F2),
Functions (F3), Log
(F2).

Sweep

Type/MOD Functions

Log

6. Press Sweep, SWP
Time (F5).

Sweep

SWP Time

7. Press 1 + SEC (F2).

1

SEC

8. Press Sweep, TRIG
Type (F6), Manual
(F3).

Sweep

TRIG Type Manual

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

42

9. Press the output key.

Output

10. Press Trigger (F1).

Trigger

Burst

Example: Burst mode, N-Cycle (Internally triggered), 1kHz burst
frequency, burst count = 5, 10 ms burst period, 0˚ burst phase,
internal trigger, 10 us delay.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press FREQ/Rate 1
kHz (F5).

1

kHz

FREQ/Rate

2. Press Burst, N Cycle
(F1), Cycles (F1).

Burst

N Cycle Cycles

Input: N/A

3. Press 5 + Cyc (F5).

5

Cyc

4. Press Burst, N Cycle
(F1), Period (F4).

Burst

N Cycle Period

5. Press 1 + 0 + msec
(F2).

0

mSEC

1

6. Press Burst, N Cycle
(F1), Phase (F3).

Burst

N Cycle Phase

7. Press 0 + Degree (F5).

0

Degree

8. Press Burst, N Cycle
(F1), TRIG Setup (F5),
INT (F1).

Burst

N Cycle Trig Setup

INT

QUICK REFERENCE

43

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

9. Press Burst, N Cycle
(F1), TRIG Setup (F5),
Delay (F4).

Burst

N Cycle Trig Setup

Delay

10. Press 1 + 0 + uSEC
(F2).

0

uSEC

1

11. Press the output key.

Output

Example: ARB Mode, exponential rise. Start 0, length 100, scale

32767.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press ARB, Built in
(F3), Basic (F1), More
(F5), Exp Rise (F1).

ARB

Built in Basic

More Exp Rise

2. Press Start (F1), 0 +
Enter (F5).

0

EnterStart

3. Press Length (F2),
100, Enter (F5).

01

Length

0

Enter Return

4. Press Scale (F3),
32767, Enter (F5),
Done (F4).

23

Scale

7

6

Enter Done

7

Example: ARB Mode, Pulse. Start 0, Frequency 1kHz, Duty 25%.

ARB

ARB – Add Built-In Waveform

ARB – Add Built-In Waveform - Pulse

44

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press ARB, Built in
(F3), Basic (F1), More
(F5), Pulse (F4).

ARB

Built in Basic

More Pulse

2. Press Frequency (F1),
1, kHz (F5).

1

kHzFrequency

3. Press Duty (F2), 25,
%(F5).

2

Duty

5

% Return

ARB - Add Point

Example: ARB Mode, Add point, Address 40, data 30,000.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press ARB, Edit (F2),
Point (F1), Address
(F1).

ARB

Edit Point

Address

2. Press 4 + 0 + Enter
(F5).

0

Enter4Return

3. Press Data (F2),
3+0+0+0+0, Enter
(F5).

03

Data

0

0 0

Enter

Example: ARB Mode, add line, address: data (10:30, 50:100)

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press ARB, Edit (F2),
Line (F2), Start ADD
(F1).

ARB

Edit Line

Start ADD

2. Press 1 + 0 + Enter
(F5).

0

Enter1Return

QUICK REFERENCE

ARB - Add Line

45

3. Press Start Data (F2),
3 + 0, Enter (F5).

03

Start Data

Enter Return

4. Press Stop ADD (F3),
5 + 0, Enter (F5).

05

Stop ADD

Enter Return

5. Press Stop Data (F4),
1 + 0 + 0, Enter (F5),
Done (F5).

01

Stop Data

0

Enter Done

ARB – Output Section

Example: ARB Mode, output ARB waveform, start 0, length 1000.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press ARB, Output
(F6).

ARB

Output

2. Press Start (F1), 0 +
Enter (F5).

0

EnterStart

3. Press Length (F2), 1 +
0 + 0 + 0, Enter (F5).

01

Length

0

0

Enter Return

Example: ARB Mode, Output N Cycle, Start 0, Length 1000, N Cycle

10.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press ARB, Output
(F6).

ARB

Output

2. Press Start (F1), 0 +
Enter (F5).

0

EnterStart

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

ARB – Output N Cycle

46

3. Press Length (F2), 1 +
0 + 0, Enter (F5).

01

Length

0

0

Enter Return

4. Press N Cycle (F4).

N Cycle

5. Press Cycles (F1), 1 +
0, Enter (F5).

1

Cycles

0

Enter Return

6. To trigger the output
once, press Trigger
(F5).

Trigger

ARB – Output Infinite Cycles

Example: ARB Mode, output N cycle, start 0, length 1000, cycles
infinite.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press ARB, Output
(F6).

ARB

Output

2. Press Start (F1), 0 +
Enter (F5).

0

EnterStart

3. Press Length (F2), 1 +
0 + 0, Enter (F5).

01

Length

0

0

Enter Return

4. Press Infinite (F5).

Infinite

QUICK REFERENCE

47

Utility Menu

Example: Save to memory file #5.

1. Press UTIL, Memory
(F1).

UTIL

Memory

2. Choose a file using
the scroll wheel and
press Store (F1), press
Done (F5).

Store Done

Example: Recall memory file #5.

1. Press UTIL, Memory
(F1).

UTIL

Memory

2. Choose a file using
the scroll wheel and
press Recall (F2),
press Done (F5).

Recall Done

Example: GPIB interface, address 10.

GPIB

GPIB

1. Press UTIL, Interface
(F2), GPIB (F1),
Address (F1).

UTIL

Interface GPIB

Address

2. Press 1 + 0 + Done
(F5).

1

0

Done

Save

Recall

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Interface GPIB

48

Interface LAN

Example: LAN interface, DHCP IP configuration.

LAN

LAN

1. Press UTIL, Interface
(F2), LAN (F3).

UTIL

Interface LAN

2. Press Config (F2),
DHCP (F1).

Config DHCP

3. Press Done (F3).

Done

Example: USB interface.

USB B

1. Press UTIL, Interface
(F2), USB (F2).

UTIL

Interface USB

Example: 1kHz offset coupling. AFG-3022, 3032 only.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press UTIL, Dual Ch
(F5), Freq Cpl (F1).

UTIL

Dual Ch Freq Cpl

2. Press Offset (F2), 1 +
0 + kHz (F4).

Offset

1

kHz

Example: Amplitude coupling. AFG-3022, 3032 only.

Output

1. Press UTIL, Dual Ch
(F5), Ampl Cpl (F2).

UTIL

Dual Ch Ampl

Interface USB

QUICK REFERENCE

Dual Channel – Frequency Coupling

Dual Channel – Amplitude Coupling

49

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

2. Press ON (F1).

ON

Dual Channel – Tracking

Example: Inverted tracking. AFG-3022, 3032 only.

Output

50

W

CH1

42V

MAX

1. Press UTIL, Dual Ch
(F5), Tracking (F3).

UTIL

Dual Ch Tracking

2. Press Inverted (F3).

Inverted

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

50

Menu Tree

Convention

Use the menu trees as a handy reference for the
function generator functions and properties. The AFG­3021/3022/3031/3032 menu system is arranged in a
hierarchical tree. Each hierarchical level can be
navigated with the operation or soft menu keys.
Pressing the Return soft key will return you to the
previous menu level.

For example: To set the interface to USB;
(1)Press the UTIL key.

(2)The Interface soft-key.
(3) USB.

GPIB USB LAN Return

Clear
Done

Return

Address

Return

Interface

UTIL

1

2

3

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5

Level 1

Go to the

UTIL –
Interface –
LAN menu

Duty

%

Return

Waveform

SYM

%

Return

Sine Square Triangle Pulse Ramp More

Go to the

Pulse menu

Go to the

More menu

QUICK REFERENCE

Waveform

51

Waveform - Pulse

Waveform

nSEC
uSEC

mSEC

SEC

Return

Width DUTY Rise Fall Edge Time

Pulse

nSEC
uSEC

mSEC

SEC

Return

nSEC
uSEC

mSEC

SEC

Return

nSEC
uSEC

mSEC

SEC

Return

%

Return

Return

Waveform

More

Noise Harmonic DC

Type Order Display

Even

Odd

All

User

Order

mVPP

VPP

Return

Ampl

Phase

Frequency

Time

Return

Total

Enter

Return

Return

Enter

Return

Degree

Return

Return

OFF

ON

Return

Return

Waveform - More

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

52

ARB-Display

Horizon Vertical Next Page Back Page Overview Return

Display

ARB

Clear
Enter

Return

Start

Clear
Enter

Return

Length

Clear
Enter

Return

Center

Zoom in

Zoom out

Return

Clear
Enter

Return

Low

Clear
Enter

Return

High

Clear
Enter

Return

Center

Zoom in

Zoom out

Return

QUICK REFERENCE

53

ARB-Edit

Point Line Copy Clear Protect Return

Edit

ARB

Clear
Enter

Return

Address

Clear
Enter

Return

Data

Return

Clear
Enter

Return

Start ADD

Clear
Enter

Return

Start Data

Clear
Enter

Return

Stop ADD

Done

Return

Clear
Enter

Return

Stop Data

Clear
Enter

Return

Start

Clear
Enter

Return

Length

Clear
Enter

Return

Paste To

Done

Return

Clear
Enter

Return

Start

Clear
Enter

Return

Length

Done

All

Done

Return

Return

All

Done

Clear
Enter

Return

Start

Clear
Enter

Return

Length

Done

Unprotect

Done

Return

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

54

QUICK REFERENCE

Basic Common 1 Common 2 Math More Return

Built in

ARB

Trig

Arccos
Arctan

Sech

Arccot

Arctanh

Sinh

Arccsc

Cosh

Tan

Arcsec

Cot

Tanh

Arcsin

Csc

Arcsinh

Sec

Sine

Square

Ramp

Sinc

Exp Rise

Exp Fall

DC

Pulse

Abstan

Havercosine

Sinever

Abssin

Haversine

Stair_down

Absinehalf

N_pulse

Stair_UD

Ampalt

Negramp

Stair_up

Attalt

Rectpuls1

Stepresp

Diric_even

Roundhalf

Trapezia

Diric_odd

Sawtoot
Tripuls1

Gauspuls1

sinetra

Dlorentz

Ln

Sqrt

Since

Lorentz

Xsquare

Gauss

Window

Barthannwin

Chebwin

Kaiser

Bartlett

Flattopwin

Triang
Blackman
Hamming
Tukeywin

Bohmanwin

hann

ARB-Built-in

Note: The following menu tree only lists where each built-in ARB
waveform is located.

55

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Sine Square Ramp Sinc More Return

Basic

ARB

Clear
Enter

Return

Start

Clear
Enter

Return

Length

Clear
Enter

Return

Scale

Clear
Enter

Return

Start

Clear
Enter

Return

Length

Clear
Enter

Return

Scale

Done

Return

Done

Return

Clear
Enter

Return

Start

Clear
Enter

Return

Length

Clear
Enter

Return

Scale

Done

Return

Clear
Enter

Return

Start

Clear
Enter

Return

Length

Clear
Enter

Return

Scale

Done

Return

Go to ARB

Built in -

Basic –

More menu

Built in

ARB-Built in-Basic

Note: For brevity, only the “Basic” menu tree is listed for the ARB >

Built-in menu tree system. The operation menu keys for all the other
built-in ARB waveforms are mostly identical to the ones listed below.

56

ARB-Save

Start Length Memory USB Return

Save

ARB

Clear
Enter

Return

Select

Return

Clear
Enter

Return

Select

Enter Char

Back Space

Save

Return

New Folder

Enter Char

Back Space

Save

Return

New File

Return

To Memory USB Return

Load

ARB

Clear
Enter

Return

Select

Return

Select

Return

QUICK REFERENCE

ARB-Load

57

ARB-Output

Output

ARB

Start Length

Clear
Enter

Return

Clear
Enter

Return

N Cycle ReturnInfinite

Clear
Enter

Return

Cycles

EXT

Manual

Trigger

Return

Gate

Pos
Neg

Return

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

58

MOD

MOD

INT
EXT

Return

Source

%

Return

Depth

mHz

Hz

kHz

Return

AM Freq

Sine

Square

Triangle
UpRamp
DnRamp

Return

Shape

Return

INT

EXT

Return

Source

%

Return

Duty

mHz

Hz

kHz

Return

PWM Freq

Sine
Square
Triangle

UpRamp
DnRamp

Return

Shape

Return

INT

EXT

Return

Source

uHz
mHz

Hz

kHz

MHz

Return

Hop Freq

FSK Rate

Return

mHz

Hz

kHz

Return

INT

EXT

Return

Source

%

Return

SUM Ampl

Return

Degree

Return

Phase Dev

INT

EXT

Return

Source

uHz
mHz

Hz
kHz
MHz

Return

Freq Dev

mHz

Hz
kHz

Return

FM Freq

Sine

Square

Triangle
UpRamp
DnRamp

Return

Shape

Return

mHz

Hz

kHz

Return

PM Freq

Sine

Square

Triangle
UpRamp
DnRamp

Return

Shape

Return

SUM Freq

mHz

Hz

kHz

Return

Sine

Square

Triangle
UpRamp
DnRamp

Return

Shape

AM PWMFM FSK PM SUM

QUICK REFERENCE

59

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

mSEC

SEC

Return

TRIG Type Type/MOD Start Stop SWP Time More

SWEEP

INT

EXT

uHz

mHz

Hz

kHz

MHz

Return

uHz

mHz

Hz

kHz

MHz

Return

Go to the

Sweep -

Frequency -

More menu

Manual

Trigger
Return

OFF

mSEC

SEC

Return

TRIG Time

Return

Freq
Ampl

Return

Type

Mode

Cont
Gate

Return

Functions

Linear

Log

Return

Sawtooth

Triangle

Return

More

Sweep

Span Center Return

uHz

mHz

Hz

kHz

MHz

Return

uHz

mHz

Hz

kHz

MHz

Return

Sweep - Type/MOD = Frequency

Sweep - More

60

Sweep - Type/MOD = Amplitude

mSEC

SEC

Return

TRIG Type Type/MOD Start Stop SWP Time Return

SWEEP

INT

EXT

dBm

mVRMS

VRMS
mVPP

VPP

Return

dBm

mVRMS

VRMS
mVPP

VPP

Return

Manual

Trigger
Return

OFF

mSEC

SEC

Return

TRIG Time

Return

Freq
Ampl

Return

Type

Mode

Cont
Gate

Return

Functions

Linear

Log

Return

Sawtooth

Triangle

Return

QUICK REFERENCE

61

Burst – N Cycle

Cycles Infinite Phase Period

Clear

Cyc

Return

N Cycle

Burst

TRIG Setup Return

Clear
Degree
Return

uSEC

mSEC

SEC

Return

Int

Rise

Fall

Return

EXT

Trigger
Return

Manual

nSEC
uSEC

mSEC

SEC

Return

Delay

Return

Polarity Phase Return

Pos

Neg

Return

Gate

Burst

Clear

Degree

Return

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Burst - Gate

62

QUICK REFERENCE

Load Phase DSO-Link

50 OHM

High Z
Return

CH1

0 Phase
Sync Int

Degree

Align Phase

Return

Search

CH1
CH2
CH3
CH4

Return

CH2

/

UTIL

Memory Interface Cal. Load System

Done

Return

Store

Done

Return

Recall

Delete

Self Test

Version

Upgrade

Return

Software

Return

Done

Return

Delete All

Done

Return

Go to the

UTIL –

Interface

menu

Return

50 OHM

High Z

Return

Go to the

UTIL –

System

menu

DSO-Link

Search

CH1
CH2
CH3
CH3

Return

CH1 / CH2 (AFG-3022/AFG-3032 Only)

UTIL (AFG-3021/3031)

63

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

UTIL

Memory Interface Cal. System Dual Ch

Done

Return

Store

Done

Return

Recall

Delete

Self Test

Version

Upgrade

Return

Software

Return

Done

Return

Delete All

Done

Return

Go to the

UTIL –

Interface

menu

Return

Go to the

UTIL –

System

menu

Go to the

UTIL – Dual

Ch menu

GPIB USB LAN Return

Clear
Done

Return

Address

Return

Interface

UTIL

Go to the

UTIL –

Interface -

LAN menu

UTIL (AFG-3022/AFG-3032)

UTIL - Interface

64

QUICK REFERENCE

Go To

UTIL – Interface

– LAN Config –

Manual menu

Interface

UTIL

LAN

Remote Config Done Return

DHCP

Auto IP
Manual

Enter Char

Done

Return

Host Name

Done

Return

UTIL - Interface - LAN

65

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Interface

UTIL

LAN

Config

Manual

IP Addr NetMask Gateway Done

Done
Clear

Return

Return

Done
Clear

Return

Done

Clear

Return

簡體中文

English

繁體中文

Return

Language Display Opt. Clk Source Beep More

INT

EXT

EXT Sync

Return

Suspend

ON

Return

Display

Brightness

Return

Enter

Return

System

UTIL

Return

Last

Default

Return

Power ON

Help

Select

Return

Single

Dual

Return

Display

UTIL - Interface - LAN - Config - Manual

UTIL - System

66

QUICK REFERENCE

Freq Cpl Ampl Cpl Tracking Return

OFF

ON

Inverted

Return

ON

OFF

Return

Dual Ch

UTIL

uHz

mHz

Hz

kHz

MHz

Return

Offset

Ratio

OFF

Return

Enter

Return

UTIL - Dual Channel

67

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Here are the default panel settings which appear
when pressing the Preset key.

Preset

Output Config.

Function

Sine wave

Frequency

1kHz

Amplitude

3.000 Vpp

Offset

0.00V dc

Output units

Vpp

Output terminal

50Ω

Modulation
(AM/FM/FSK)

Carrier Wave

1kHz Sine wave

Modulation waveforms

100Hz Sine wave

AM Depth

100%

FM Deviation

100Hz

FSK Hop Frequency

100Hz

FSK Frequency

10Hz

PWM Duty

50%

PWM Frequency

20kHz

Modem Status

Off

Sweep

Start/Stop frequency

100Hz/1kHz

Sweep time

1s

Start/Stop amplitude

1.000/3.000 Vpp

Sweep function

Linear

Sweep status

Off

Default Settings

68

QUICK REFERENCE

Burst

Burst Frequency

1kHz

Ncycle

1

Burst period

10ms

Burst starting phase

0˚

Burst status

Off

Trigger

Trigger source

Internal (immediate)

Interface config.

GPIB Address

10

Interface

USB

LAN

DHCP

Calibration

Calibration Menu

Restricted

69

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Select a Channel ................................................................ 71

CH1/CH2 ............................................................................. 71

Select a Waveform ............................................................. 72

Sine Wave ............................................................................. 72

Setting a Square Wave ......................................................... 73

Triangle Wave ....................................................................... 74

Setting the Pulse Width ....................................................... 75

Setting the Pulse Rise & Fall Time ...................................... 76

Setting the Pulse Edge Time ................................................ 77

Setting the Pulse Duty Time ................................................ 78

Setting a Ramp ..................................................................... 79

Noise Wave .......................................................................... 80

Harmonic Wave ................................................................... 80

Harmonic Order .................................................................. 81

Harmonic Characteristics .................................................... 83

DC Wave ............................................................................... 84

Setting the Waveform Frequency ........................................ 85

Setting the Amplitude .......................................................... 87

Setting the DC Offset ........................................................... 88

OPERATION

The Operation chapter shows how to output basic waveform
functions. For details on modulation, sweep, burst and arbitrary
waveforms, please see the Modulation and Arbitrary waveform
chapters on pages 89 and 174. For information on the dual channel
and multi-unit operation, please see page 178 & 186, respectively.

70

OPERATION

Panel Operation

1. Press the CH1 or CH2 key.

CH1

2. The selected channel will be visible while the
deselected channel will be dimmed.

In the screen shot below, CH1 is selected.

Select a Channel

As the AFG-3022 or AFG-3032 are dual channel models, the desired
output channel must first be selected before assigning the operation
for that channel.

CH1/CH2

71

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F1 (Sine).

Sine

F 1

Select a Waveform

The AFG-30XX can output 8 standard waveforms: sine, square,
triangle, pulse, ramp, noise, harmonic and DC waveforms.

Sine Wave

72

OPERATION

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F2 (Square) to create a
square waveform.

Square

F 2

3. Press F1 (Duty). The Duty
parameter will be highlighted
in the parameter window.

DUTY

F 1

4. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the Duty range.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

5. Press F5 (%) to choose %
units.

%

F 5

Range

Frequency

Duty Range

≤25MHz
(20MHz AFG-3021/3022)

20%~80%

25MHz~≤30MHz

40%~60%

Setting a Square Wave

73

Triangle Wave

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F3 (Triangle).

Triangle

F 3

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

74

OPERATION

Fall timeRise time

Pulse Width

Period

50%

90%

10%

90%

50%

10%

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F4 (Pulse) to create a
pulse waveform.

Pulse

F 4

3. Press F1 (Width). The Width
parameter will be highlighted
in the parameter window.

Width

F 1

4. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the pulse width.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

Setting the Pulse Width

The pulse width settings depend on the rise & fall time settings or
the edge time setting and the period settings, as defined below:

Pulse Width - 0.625 * [(Rise Time - 0.6nS) + (Fall Time - 0.6nS)] ≧ 0

Period ≧ Pulse Width+ 0.625 * [(Rise Time - 0.6nS)+(Fall Time -

0.6nS)]

Pulse width is defined as the time from the 50% rising edge
threshold to the 50% falling edge threshold of one full period.

See page 76 to set the rise and fall time settings and page 77 for the
edge time settings. Alternatively, instead of setting the pulse width,
the pulse duty can be set, see page 78 for details.

75

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

5. Press F2~F5 choose the unit
range.

nSEC

F 2

~

SEC

F 5

Range

Pulse Width

20ns~999.83ks

Note

Resolution:

Freq < 25MHz
(20MHz AFG-3021/3022): 0.01ns
pulse width (or 3 digit resolution)

Freq < 8.5 kHZ: 0.0001% duty cycle

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F4 (Pulse) to create a
pulse waveform.

Pulse

F 4

3. Press F3 (Rise) or F4 (Fall).
The Rise or Fall parameter
will be highlighted in the
parameter window.

Rise

F 3

4. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the rise or fall time.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

Setting the Pulse Rise & Fall Time

76

OPERATION

5. Press F2~F5 to choose the
unit range.

nSEC

F 2

~

SEC

F 5

6. Repeat the above steps for the opposite edge
time.

Range

Minimum
rise/fall time:

9.32ns ~ 799.9ks

Note

Duty
Considerations:

Width - 0.625 * [(Rise Time -

0.6nS) + (Fall Time - 0.6nS)] ≧ 0

Period ≧ Width+ 0.625 * [(Rise
Time - 0.6nS)+(Fall Time - 0.6nS)]

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F4 (Pulse) to create a
pulse waveform.

Pulse

F 4

3. Press F5 (Edge Time). The
Edge Time parameter will be
highlighted in the parameter
window.

Edge Time

F 5

4. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the edge time.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

Setting the Pulse Edge Time

The edge time sets the rise and fall time to the same value. The edge
time setting can affect the settable pulse width time.

77

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

5. Press F2~F5 to choose the
unit range.

nSEC

F 2

~

mSEC

F 5

Range

Edge Time Range

9.32ns~799.9ks

Note

Duty
Considerations:

Width - 1.25 *
(Edge Time - 0.6nS) ≧ 0

Period≧Pulse Width +

1.25*(Edge time -0.6ns)

0.0001% duty cycle resolution

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F4 (Pulse) to create a
pulse waveform.

Pulse

F 4

3. Press F2 (DUTY). The DUTY
parameter will be highlighted
in the parameter window.

DUTY

F2

4. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the duty time.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

5. Press F1 to choose the % unit.

%

F 1

Setting the Pulse Duty Time

Instead of setting the pulse width of the pulse, the duty of the pulse
can be set. The settable duty times depend on the rise & fall time
settings, as defined below:

Duty ≧ 0.625×100×[rise time - 0.6ns +fall time - 0.6ns]/period

Or

Duty ≦ 100 - {62.5×[(rise time - 0.6ns) + (fall time - 0.6ns)]/period}

78

OPERATION

Range

Duty Range

0.0170%~99.983%

Resolution 0.0001%

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F5 (Ramp) to create a
ramp waveform.

Ramp

F 5

3. Press F1 (SYM). The SYM
parameter will be highlighted
in the parameter window.

SYM

F 1

4. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the symmetry
percentage.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

5. Press F5 (%) to choose %
units.

%

F 5

Range

Symmetry

0%~100%

Setting a Ramp

79

Noise Wave

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F6 (More).

More

F 6

3. Press F1 (Noise).

Noise

F 1

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F6 (More).

More

F 6

3. Press F2 (Harmonic).

Harmonic

F2

4. Press F1 (Total) to choose the
total number of harmonics.
This includes the
fundamental harmonic.

Total

F1

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Harmonic Wave

The harmonic wave function creates a harmonic sine wave with a
designated number of harmonics.

80

OPERATION

5. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the number of
harmonics.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

Range

Number of harmonics

2 ~ 8

6. Press F1 (Enter).

Enter

F1

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F6 (More).

More

F 6

3. Press F2 (Harmonic).

Harmonic

F2

4. Press F2 (Type).

Type

F2

Harmonic Order

After the total number of harmonics has been selected(above), you
can also select which harmonic orders are used: odd, even, all or a
user-defined set.

81

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

5. Press F1 ~ F4 to chose which
harmonic orders to include in
the resultant harmonic
waveform.

Even

F1

~

User

F4

Note: You may have to wait a short while for
the meter to process the waveform.

Range

Harmonic

Even, Odd, ALL, User

Selecting User­Defined Orders

1. If User was chosen, each order can be
individually selected or deselected.

2. Turn the User defined orders on or off:

Turn the scroll wheel to
move the cursor to the

desired order in the “Type”

parameter on the waveform
display screen.

 Selected orders are shown as green dots.

 Deselected orders are shown as grey dots.

 The cursor is shown as a yellow dot.

 Orders are shown from 1

st

(left side) to 8th

(right side).

Selected orders

Cursor

Deselected orders

Order

<1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th >

3. Turn the selected order on or
off using the F1 or F2 soft­keys.

OFF

F1

ON

F2

82

OPERATION

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F6 (More).

More

F 6

3. Press F2 (Harmonic).

Harmonic

F2

4. Press F3 (Order).

Order

F3

5. Press F1 (Order).

Order

F1

6. The Order parameter will become highlighted
in red.

7. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to select an order.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

8. Press F5 (Enter).

Enter

F5

Harmonic Characteristics

The amplitude and phase of each harmonic order can individually
set. By default the amplitude is the same as the fundamental
frequency and the phase is set to 0º.

83

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

9. Press F2 (Amplitude).

Amplitude

F2

10. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to set the amplitude of
previously selected order.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

11. Choose the amplitude unit by
pressing F4~F5.

mVPP

F 2

~

VPP

F 6

12. Press F3 (Phase).

Phase

F3

13. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to set the phase of the
previously selected order.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

14. Press F5 (Degree).

Degree

F5

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F6 (More).

More

F 6

3. Press F3 (DC).

DC

F3

DC Wave

84

OPERATION

Panel Operation

1. Press the FREQ/Rate key.

FREQ/Rate

2. The FREQ parameter will become highlighted
in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the frequency.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

4. Choose a frequency unit by
pressing F2~F6.

uHz

F 2

~

MHz

F 6

Range

Sine

1μHz~30MHz
(20MHz AFG-3021/3022)

Square

1μHz~30MHz
(20MHz AFG-3021/3022)

Triangle

1μHz~1MHz

Pulse

1μHz~25MHz
(20MHz AFG-3021/3022)

Ramp

1μHz~1MHz

Setting the Waveform Frequency

85

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

86

OPERATION

Panel Operation

1. Press the AMPL key.

AMPL

2. The AMPL parameter will become highlighted
in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the amplitude.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

4. Choose a unit type by
pressing F2~F6.

dBm

F 2

~

VPP

F 6

Range

50Ω load

High Z

Range

1mVpp~10Vpp

2mVpp~20Vpp

Unit

Vpp, Vrms, dBm

Setting the Amplitude

87

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Panel Operation

1. Press the DC Offset key.

DC Offset

2. The DC Offset parameter will become
highlighted in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the DC Offset.

0

/

321

4

7 859

6

4. Press F5 (mVDC) or F6 (VDC)
to choose a voltage range.

mVDC

F 5

VDC

F 6

50Ω load

High Z

Range

±5Vdc

±10Vdc

Setting the DC Offset

88

MODULATION

Amplitude Modulation (AM) ............................................. 91

Selecting AM Modulation .................................................... 92

AM Carrier Shape ................................................................. 92

Carrier Frequency ................................................................. 93

Modulating Wave Shape ...................................................... 94

AM Frequency ...................................................................... 95

Modulation Depth ................................................................ 96

Selecting (AM) Modulation Source ..................................... 98

Frequency Modulation (FM) ............................................ 100

Selecting Frequency Modulation (FM) .............................. 101

FM Carrier Shape ............................................................... 101

FM Carrier Frequency ......................................................... 102

FM Wave Shape.................................................................. 103

Modulation Frequency ....................................................... 104

Frequency Deviation ........................................................... 105

Selecting (FM) Modulation Source ................................... 106

Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation ........................ 108

Selecting FSK Modulation .................................................. 109

FSK Carrier Shape .............................................................. 109

FSK Carrier Frequency ........................................................ 110

FSK Hop Frequency ............................................................ 111

FSK Rate ............................................................................. 112

FSK Source ......................................................................... 113

Phase Modulation (PM) .................................................. 115

Selecting Phase Modulation (PM) ..................................... 116

PM Carrier Shape ............................................................... 116

PM Carrier Frequency......................................................... 117

MODULATION

The AFG-3021, AFG-3022, AFG-3031 & AFG-3032 Arbitrary
Function Generators are able to produce AM, FM, FSK and PWM
modulated waveforms as well as swept waveforms (frequency,
amplitude) and burst waveforms. Depending on the type of
waveform produced, different modulation parameters can be set.
Two different modulation modes can be active at the same time for
the AFG-3022 & AFG-3032.

89

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

PM Wave Shape ................................................................. 118

Modulation Frequency ....................................................... 119

Phase Modulation Deviation ............................................. 120

SUM Modulation ............................................................. 121

Selecting SUM Modulation ............................................... 122

SUM Carrier Shape ............................................................ 122

SUM Carrier Frequency ...................................................... 123

SUM Modulating Wave Shape .......................................... 123

SUM Frequency .................................................................. 124

SUM Amplitude ................................................................. 125

SUM Source ....................................................................... 126

Pulse Width Modulation .................................................. 128

Selecting Pulse Width Modulation .................................... 129

PWM Carrier Shape............................................................ 129

PWM Carrier Frequency ..................................................... 130

PWM Modulating Wave Shape .......................................... 130

Modulating Waveform Frequency ..................................... 131

Modulation Duty Cycle ...................................................... 132

PWM Source ...................................................................... 133

Sweep .............................................................................. 135

Selecting Sweep Mode ....................................................... 136

Sweep Type ........................................................................ 136

Setting Start and Stop Frequency/Amplitude ................... 137

Center Frequency and Span ............................................... 138

Sweep Mode ....................................................................... 140

Sweep Function .................................................................. 140

Sweep Waveform Type ....................................................... 141

Sweep Time ........................................................................ 142

Sweep Trigger Source ........................................................ 144

Burst Mode ..................................................................... 146

Selecting Burst Mode ......................................................... 146

Burst Modes ....................................................................... 146

Burst Frequency ................................................................. 147

Burst Cycle/Burst Count .................................................... 148

Infinite Burst Count ........................................................... 150

Burst Period ....................................................................... 150

Burst Phase ........................................................................ 152

Burst Trigger Source .......................................................... 153

Burst Delay ......................................................................... 155

Gated Trigger Polarity ........................................................ 156

Gated Trigger Phase .......................................................... 156

90

MODULATION

Modulated Carrier
Waveform

Modulating
waveform

Amplitude Modulation (AM)

An AM waveform is produced from a carrier waveform and a
modulating waveform. The amplitude of the modulated carrier
waveform depends on the amplitude of the modulating waveform.
The AFG-30XX function generator can set the carrier frequency,
amplitude and offset as well as internal or external modulation
sources. When using the function generator, only one type of
modulated waveform can be created at any one time for the selected
channel.

91

AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

MOD

2. Press F1 (AM).

AM

F 1

Background

Sine, square, triangle, ramp, pulse, noise or
arbitrary waveforms can be used as the carrier
shape. The default waveform shape is set to sine.
Harmonic and DC are not available as a carrier
shape. Before the carrier shape can be selected,
choose AM modulation mode, see page 36 or 94.

Select a Standard
Carrier Shape

1. Press the Waveform key.

Waveform

2. Press F1~F5 to choose the
carrier wave shape.

Sine

F 1

~

Ramp

F 5

Selecting AM Modulation

AM Carrier Shape

92

MODULATION

Select an
Arbitrary
Waveform Carrier
Shape.

3. See the Arbitrary waveform
quick guide or chapter to use
an arbitrary waveform.

Page 44
Page 174

Range

AM Carrier Shape

sine, square, triangle, pulse,
ramp, arbitrary waveform

Panel Operation

1. With a carrier waveform,
press the FREQ/Rate key.

FREQ/Rate

2. The FREQ parameter will become highlighted
in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the carrier frequency.

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6

4. Press F2~F6 to select the
frequency range.

uHz

F 2

~

MHz

F 6

Range

Carrier Shape

Carrier Frequency

Sine

1μHz~30MHz
(20MHz AFG-3021/3022)

Square

1μHz~30MHz
(20MHz AFG-3021/3022)

Triangle

1μHz~1MHz

Pulse

1μHz~25MHz
(20MHz AFG-3021/3022)

Ramp

1μHz~1MHz

Carrier Frequency

The maximum carrier frequency depends on the carrier shape
selected. The default carrier frequency for all carrier shapes is 1kHz.

Continued next page

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AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Noise

N/A

ARB

125MHz to 1µHz

Panel Operation

1. Select MOD.

MOD

2. Press F1 (AM).

AM

F 1

3. Press F4 (Shape).

Shape

F 4

4. Press F1~F5 to select the
waveform shape.

Sine

F 1

~

DnRamp

F 5

Note

Square wave

50% Duty cycle

UpRamp

100% Symmetry

Triangle

50% Symmetry

DnRamp

0% Symmetry

Modulating Wave Shape

The function generator can accept internal as well as external
sources. The AFG-30XX has sine, square, triangle, up ramp and
down ramp modulating waveform shapes. Sine waves are the
default wave shape.

94

MODULATION

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

MOD

2. Press F1 (AM).

AM

F 1

3. Press F3 (AM Freq).

AM Freq

F 3

4. The AM Freq parameter will become
highlighted in the Waveform display area.

5. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the AM frequency.

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6

6. Press F1~F3 to select the
frequency range.

mHz

F 1

~

kHz

F 3

Range

Modulation frequency

2mHz~20kHz

Default frequency

100Hz

AM Frequency

The frequency of the modulation waveform (AM Frequency) can be
set from 2mHz to 20kHz.

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AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

100x

veVoltageCarrrierWa

eWaveVoltagModulating

DepthModulation 

)

100

1(max

Depth

VcV  Vpp

)

100

1(min

Depth

VcV 

Modulation

Signal

Carrier
Signal

Vc = Carrier Amplitude

Vc

Vmax = Vpp

Vmin

Output

Signal

Vm = Modulation Amplitude

Vm

Modulation Depth

The modulation depth determines the maximum and minimum
amplitude of the AM waveform. The modulation depth (as a
percentage) is defined by the ratio of the modulating waveform
voltage and the carrier waveform voltage multiplied by 100:

The maximum and minimum peak to peak voltage of the modulated
waveform can then be defined by:

Below is a visual explanation of the relationship between the
modulation signal, carrier signal and the resulting output signal.
Note: Vpp is the amplitude setting on the AFG.

96

MODULATION

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

MOD

2. Press F1 (AM).

AM

F 1

3. Press F2 (Depth).

Depth

F 2

4. The AM Depth parameter will become
highlighted in the waveform display area.

5. Use the selector keys and
scroll wheel or number pad
to enter the AM depth.

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/

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4

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6

6. Press F1 (%) to choose %
units.

%

F 1

Range

Depth

0%~120%

Default depth

100%

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AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Note

When the modulation depth is greater than 100%, the
output cannot exceed ±5VPeak (10kΩ load).

If an external modulation source is selected,
modulation depth is limited to ± 5V from the MOD
INPUT terminal on the rear panel. For example, if
modulation depth is set to 100%, then the maximum
amplitude is +5V, and the minimum amplitude is -5V.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

MOD

2. Press F1 (AM).

AM

F 1

3. Press F1 (Source).

Source

F 1

4. To select the source, press F1
(Internal) or F2 (External).

INT

F 1

~

EXT

F 2

External Source

Use the MOD INPUT terminal
on the rear panel when using an
external source.

42V
MAX

MOD

For AFG-3022/3032, using the CH1 or CH2 MOD
input depends on which channel is used for
modulation.

Note

If an external modulation source is selected,
modulation depth is limited to ± 5V from the MOD
INPUT terminal on the rear panel. For example, if
modulation depth is set to 100%, then the maximum
amplitude is +5V, and the minimum amplitude is -5V.

Selecting (AM) Modulation Source

The function generator will accept an internal or external source for
AM modulation. The default source is internal.

98

MODULATION

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AFG-3021/3022/3031/3032 User Manual

Modulated Carrier
Waveform

Modulating
waveform

Frequency Modulation (FM)

An FM waveform is produced from a carrier waveform and a
modulating waveform. The instantaneous frequency of the carrier
waveform varies with the magnitude of the modulating waveform.
When using the function generator, only one type of modulated
waveform can be created at any one time for the selected channel.

100