ReadyNAS, X-RAID, FrontView, RAIDar, RAIDiator, Network Storage Processor, and
NSP are trademarks or registered trademarks of Infrant Technologies Inc. All other
product names are the property of their respective owner.
► Specify a Workgroup 21
► Setting up Accounts 21
► Managing Groups 22
► Managing Users 24
► Setting Accounts Preferences 26
Domain Security Mode 27
► Domain/ADS Authentication 27
► Setting up Accounts 28
Page 4
Services 29
Standard File Protocols 29
Streaming Services 30
Discovery Services 31
Volumes 32
Volume Management 32
► Advantages of Flex-RAID 32
► Advantages of X-RAID 32
Volume Management for Flex-RAID 32
► Deleting a Volume 33
► Adding a Volume 34
► RAID Settings 35
Volume Management for X-RAID 36
► X-RAID Redundancy Overhead 36
► X-RAID Has one data volume 36
► Adding a 2nd DISK for Redundancy 36
► Adding a 3rd and 4th DISK for MORE Capacity 36
► Replacing All Your Disks for Even MORE Capacity 37
Changing Between X-RAID and Flex-RAID Modes 37
Snapshot 37
► Taking and Scheduling Snapshot 38
► Resizing Snapshot Space 40
USB Storage 40
Shares 43
Adding Shares 43
Managing Shares 44
► Setting Share Access in Share Mode 45
► Setting Share Access in User and Domain Modes 46
► Advanced Options 48
Domain/Workgroup Name 94
Host 94
Host Name 94
ReadyNAS Host Name 94
Host Expression 95
Share Name 95
Share Password 95
SNMP Community 95
User/Group Name 95
User Password 95
C Gl96
ossary
If You Nee
D
d Help… 98
About This Guide
Page 7
Congratulations and thank you for purchasing a ReadyNAS Instant Storage system from Infrant
Technologies. If you haven’t already done so, please read the Getting Started guide provided in the
shipping box and the Quick Installation Guide on the CD-ROM.
The Quick Installation Guide takes you step-by-step through the FrontView Setup Wizard and
quickly prepares the ReadyNAS for your network. The User Guide explains each of the available
options in detail, including a lot of advanced options not available during the Setup Wizard process.
Chapter 1
, “FrontView Advanced Control”, describes all the menus and tabs available in the
Advanced Control mode.
If you have already configured the ReadyNAS and you need help in accessing the shares on the
ReadyNAS, skip to
Chapter 2
In the event of a disk failure, the proper procedure for replacing the failed disk is in
, “Accessing Shares”.
Chapter 3
“Replacing a Failed Disk”.
Sometimes it may be necessary to re-install the firmware or reset the system back to the factory
default configuration.
Chapter 5
, “Changing User Passwords”, covers how non-admin users can access FrontView to
Chapter 4
, “System Reset Switch”, explains the process for doing both.
change their password.
For an explanation of the RAID levels that the ReadyNAS supports, please refer to
Appendix A
“RAID Levels Simplified”.
If you have questions on what constitutes a valid input for host name, workgroup, or password,
Appendix B
Appendix C
, “Input Field Format”, describes these and more.
, “Glossary”, provides definitions for some of the technical terminologies used in this
document.
,
,
If you need help during setup, refer to
Appendix D
, “If You Need Help…”.
Chapter
Page 8
1
FrontView Advanced Control
The Advanced Control mode offers the all settings available in the Setup Wizard plus more.
When you first switch to this mode, you’ll see the menus on the left that allow you to quickly jump
to the desired menu page. Towards the bottom left, you’ll notice buttons that allow you to switch
back and forth between the Setup Wizard mode and the Advanced Control mode..
As you click on the menu buttons, you’ll notice a similar theme across all menu pages. At the top
right corner is the command bar which typically provides options to print or email the page, refresh
the browser window, or display help where available.
At the furthest bottom is the status bar with the date button which doubles its duty as a clock and a
Page 9
link to the Clock page. The status LEDs to the right gives a quick glimpse of the system device
status.
The statuses represent:
Not present
Normal
– No disk or device attached.
– Device in normal operating mode. If the LED is blinking, this disk is currently
re-syncing. During the re-sync process, the performance is temporarily in a “degraded”
mode and another disk failure in the volume will render it dead.
Warning or Dead
Inactive spare
– The device has failed or requires attention.
– This disk is a “hot spare” on standby. When a disk fails, this disk will
take over automatically.
Awaiting re-sync
Life support mode
– This disk is waiting to re-sync to the RAID volume.
– The volume has encountered multiple disk failures and is in the state
of being marked dead. However, the ReadyNAS has blocked it from being marked dead in
the event that someone may have accidentally pulled out the wrong disk during runtime. If
the wrong disk was pulled out, shutdown the ReadyNAS immediately, reconnect the disk,
and power-on the ReadyNAS. If you reconnect the disk during runtime, the ReadyNAS
will mark it as a newly added disk and you will no longer be able to access the data on it.
Background task active
– A lengthy background task such as a system update is in
progress.
Move the mouse cursor over the LED to display more information on the device, or click on it to
display the status in more detail.
Right above the status bar is the action bar. To the left is the Logout button. Due to security
reasons, the Logout button only acts as a reminder to close the current browser session which is
necessary to securely log out. To the right is the Apply button. Use this to save any changes in the
current menu page.
Network
Page 10
Ethernet
The Ethernet tab allows you to specify network interface-specific settings.
In the
Standard Setting
and MTU settings. In most networks where a DHCP server is enabled, you can simply specify the
“Use values from a DHCP server” option to automatically set the IP address and network mask.
box, you can specify the IP address, network mask, speed/duplex mode,
If you assign a static IP address, be aware that the browser will lose connection to the ReadyNAS
device after the IP address has been changed. You can click Rescan in RAIDar to locate the device
and reconnect from there.
Note
If you elect to assign the IP address using DHCP, it is advisable to set the
lease time on the DHCP server/router to a value of at least a day.
Otherwise, you may notice that the ReadyNAS IP address may change even
when it has been powered down for only a few minutes. Most DHCP
servers allow you to assign a static IP address for specified MAC addresses.
If you have this option, this would be a good way to ensure your
ReadyNAS maintains the same IP address even in DHCP mode.
►
Page 11
SPEED/DUPLEX MODE
If you have a managed switch that works best if the devices are forced to a particular speed or
duplex mode, you can select the desired setting. It’s advisable to keep the setting in auto-negotiation
mode otherwise.
►
MTU
In some network environments, changing the default MTU value may fix throughput problems. It’s
advisable to leave the default setting otherwise.
►
VLAN SETTING
Virtual Local Area Network, or VLAN, allows devices residing on different segments of a LAN to
appear in the same segment, or conversely allows devices on the same switch to behave as through
they belong to a different LAN.
If you wish to use the ReadyNAS in a VLAN environment, select the
Enable VLAN support
checkbox and input a numeric VLAN tag. You will need to reboot the ReadyNAS for the VLAN
function to take effect.
Warning
Page 12
Do not enable VLAN support unless you are sure your clients also support
VLAN. Otherwise, you can lose network access to the ReadyNAS and you
may need to perform a firmware re-installation to disable the VLAN setting.
►
PERFORMANCE SETTING
The
Enable jumbo frames
option allows you to optimize the ReadyNAS for large data transfers
such as multiple streams of video playback. Select this option if your NIC and your gigabit switch
support jumbo frames.
Note
The ReadyNAS supports a 7936 byte frame size, so for optimal
performance, a switch capable of this frame size or larger should also be
used.
If your ReadyNAS device comes with multiple Ethernet interfaces, you will see a separate
configuration tab for each interface.
Wireless
Page 13
There are several ways in which you can use this NAS device over a wireless network. You can
either connect the NAS to your wireless access point (preferred) with a Cat-5 Ethernet cable,
connect a USB wireless adapter directly to the USB port on the NAS device, or use a supported
wireless PCI adapter if a PCI slot exists on your ReadyNAS.
The wireless network tab shows up in the Network menu when a supported USB or PCI wireless
adapter is detected. Enter the network name (ESSID), operating mode (typically Managed if you
have an access point), data encryption mode, and encryption key values from your wireless access
point. Select the desired IP assignment method (DHCP or static) and save the changes to start
using your ReadyNAS device with the wireless adapter.
Note
Please note that support for USB and PCI wireless devices is limited.
Consult the hardware device compatibility list for a list of devices that are
currently supported. Future updates may support additional adapters.
Global Network Settings
Page 14
►
HOSTNAME
The Hostname you specify is used to advertise the ReadyNAS on your network. You can use the
hostname to address the ReadyNAS in place of the IP address when accessing the ReadyNAS from
Windows, or over OS X using SMB. This is also the name that will appear in the RAIDar scan list.
The default hostname is
►
DEFAULT GATEWAY
nas-
followed by the last three bytes of your primary MAC address.
The Default Gateway specifies the IP address of the system where your network traffic is routed to
if the destination is outside of your subnet. In most homes and smaller offices, this is the IP address
of the router connected to the cable modem or your DSL service.
If you had selected the DHCP option in the Ethernet or Wireless tab, the Default Gateway field will
be automatically populated with the setting from your DHCP server. If you had selected the Static
option, you can manually specify the IP addresses of the default gateway server here.
►
DNS
The DNS box allows you to specify up to three Domain Name Service servers for host name
resolution. If you are unfamiliar with DNS, the service translates host names into IP addresses.
If you had selected the DHCP option in the Ethernet or Wireless tab, the domain name server fields
will be automatically populated with the DNS settings from your DHCP server. If you had selected
the Static option, you can manually specify the IP addresses of the DNS servers and the domain
name here.
WINS
Page 15
The WINS option allows you to specify the IP address of the WINS (Windows Internet Naming
Service) server. A WINS server is typically a Windows server on the network that will allow the
ReadyNAS or other devices on the network to be (Windows) browsable from other subnets.
If you do not have an existing WINS server, you can designate the ReadyNAS to be one. Simply
select the
address as the WINS server. This can be useful if you wish to browse by hostname across multiple
subnets, i.e. over VPN.
Enable WINS
checkbox and configure your Windows PC to specify the ReadyNAS IP
DHCP
Page 16
The DHCP tab allows this device to act as a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server.
DHCP service simplifies management of a network by dynamically assigning IP addresses to new
clients on the network.
Click on the
Enable DHCP service
checkbox if you want the ReadyNAS device to act as a DHCP
server. This is convenient in networks where DHCP service is not already available.
Note
These options are available only if this device is not already using a DHCP
address. Enabling DHCP service on a network already utilizing another
DHCP server will result in conflicts. If you wish to use this device as a
DHCP server, make sure to specify static addresses in the Ethernet and
DNS tabs.
Route
Page 17
The
Route
tab is available if you have two or more network interfaces (Ethernet or Wireless
combined) on your ReadyNAS. In some environments, you can optimize your network traffic by
manually setting up a routing table.
Route table management is beyond the scope of this manual, and this option is provided only for
advanced users who understand routing and wish to deviate from the default routes.
Security
Page 18
Admin Password
The
Admin Password
only user that can access FrontView and this user has administrative privileges when accessing
shares. Be sure to set a password different from the default password and make sure this password is
kept in a safe place. Anyone who obtains this password can effectively change or erase the data on
the ReadyNAS.
tab allows you to change the
admin
user password. The
admin
user is the
Note
In User or Domain security mode, you can use the admin account to login
to a Windows share, and perform maintenance on any file or folder in that
share. The admin user also has permission to access all user private home
shares to perform backups.
As a safeguard, you will be requested to enter a password recovery question, the expected answer,
Page 19
and an email address. If, in the future, you forget the password, you can go to
https://
ip_address
/password_recovery. Successfully answering the questions there will reset the
admin password, and that new password will be sent to the email address you enter in this tab.
Security Mode Selection
The ReadyNAS device offers three security options for your network environment. Read the quick
overview below to help select the most appropriate option based on the required level of security
and your current network authentication scheme.
The Share security mode is suitable for most home and small office environments, providing a
Page 20
simple way for people in a trusted environment to share files without the necessity of setting up
separate user and group accounts. Shares that you create in this environment can be passwordprotected if desired.
A more appropriate selection for the medium-size office or workgroup environment is the User
security mode. This mode allows you to set up user and group accounts to allow for more specific
share access restrictions. Access to shares requires proper login authentication, and you can specify
which users and/or groups you wish to offer access. As an example, you may want to restrict
company financial data to just users belonging to one particular group. In this security mode, the
administrator will need to set up and maintain user and group accounts on the ReadyNAS device
itself. In addition, each user account will be automatically set up with a private home share on the
ReadyNAS.
The Domain security mode is most appropriate for larger department or corporate environments,
where a centralized Windows-based domain controller or active directory server is present. The
ReadyNAS device integrates in this environment by creating a trusted relationship with the
domain/ADS authentication server and allowing all user authentications to occur there, eliminating
the need for separate account administration on the device itself. Also, in this security mode, each
domain/ADS user will be automatically set up with a private home share on the ReadyNAS.
Note
The FrontView management system will slow down in proportion to the
number of users in the domain. It is not advisable to use the ReadyNAS in
a domain environment with more than 1000 users.
Share Security Mode
The
Share security mode
►
SPECIFY A WORKGROUP
You only need to specify a workgroup if you wish to change it from the default.
A valid workgroup name must conform to the following restrictions:
Name must consist of characters a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and the symbols _ (underscore), – (dash),
and . (period).
Name must start with a letter.
Name length must be 15 characters or less.
is the easiest security option to set up.
►
Page 21
SHARE ACCOUNTS
You will notice the Accounts tab which consists of share accounts which match the current share
names on the ReadyNAS. These share accounts are listed to allow you the option of changing the
UID and quota assigned to the share. The share quota can be changed from the Share Listing in the
Share menu as well. The UID does not need to be changed unless you wish to avoid a UID conflict
with an existing NFS user.
User Security Mode
In User security mode, you specify a workgroup name just as you would in the previous security
option, and create user and group accounts. You will have control over how much disk space is
allocated for each user or group.
In this security mode, each user will be given a home share on the ReadyNAS device that the user
can use to keep private data such as backups of the user’s PC. This home share is accessible only by
that user and the administrator who needs the privilege to perform backups of these private shares.
The option to automatically generate the private home share is controlled in the
Accounts/Preferences tab, and you can disable it if you wish.
Note
Private user shares are only accessible by users using CIFS (Windows) or
AppleTalk file protocols.
To set up the ReadyNAS for this security mode, you will need the following information:
Workgroup name
Group names you wish to create (i.e. Marketing, Sales, Engineering)
User names you wish to create (plus email addresses if you will be setting disk quotas)
Amount of disk space you would like to allocate to users and groups (optional)
►
SPECIFY A WORKGROUP
To change or set a workgroup name, enter the desired name in the Workgroup field in the User
option box. The name can be the workgroup name that is already used on your Windows network.
►
SETTING UP ACCOUNTS
In this security mode, the Accounts tab allows you to manage user and group accounts on the
ReadyNAS. A good starting point would be to select the
Manage groups
option from the drop-
down box in the upper right corner.
►
Page 22
MANAGING GROUPS
To add a new group, click on the Add Group tab if it is not already selected. You can add up to five
groups at a time. If you expect to have just one big set of users for one group, you can forego
adding a new group and accept the default
users
group.
If desired, a user can belong to multiple groups. Once you have created user accounts, you can
specify secondary groups that the user can belong to. This allows for finer-grain settings for share
access. For instance, you can have user
can access shares restricted to only
joe
in group
marketing
and
marketing
sales
groups.
also belong to group
sales
so
joe
While adding a new group, you can specify the amount of disk space you wish to allocate that group
by setting a disk quota. A value of 0 denotes no limit. You can set or change the quota at a later
time. You can also set the Group ID, or GID, of the group that you are adding. You can leave this
field blank and let the system automatically assign this value unless you wish to match your GID to
your NFS clients.
After adding your groups, you can view or change your groups by clicking on the alphabetical index
Page 23
tab, or
All
to list all groups.
If you wish to add a large number of groups, select
Import group list
from the selection box.
Here, you can upload a CSV (Comma Separated Value) formatted file containing the group account
information. The format of the file is:
GID will be automatically generated if not specified.
Page 24
Empty fields are replaced with accounts defaults.
Group members are optional.
Examples of acceptable formats are as follows (note that you can omit follow-on commas and fields
if you wish to accept the system defaults for those fields, or you can leave the fields empty):
flintstones
In this example, group
flintstones
will be created with an automatically assigned GID, and default
quota.
rubble,1007,5000,barney:betty
In this example, group
betty
.
►
MANAGING USERS
rubble
will have GID 1007, quota of 5000 MB, with members
barney
and
To manage user accounts, select the Manage users option in the drop-down box.
To add a user, click on the Add User tab. You can add up to five users at a time.
You can enter a user name, email address, user ID, select a group, password, and disk quota for the
user. Only the user name and password fields are required, however, you should specify the user
email address if you intend to set up disk quotas. Without an email address, the user will not be
warned when disk usage approaches the specified disk quota limit. If you do not wish to assign a
disk quota, enter 0.
If you wish to add a large number of users, select
Import user list
from the selection box.
Here, you can upload a CSV (Comma Separated Value) formatted file containing the user account
information. The format of the file is:
If a listed group account does not exist, it will be automatically created.
Group and quota will be set to the defaults if not specified.
Email notification will not be sent to the user if the field is ommitted or left blank.
UID will be automatically generated if not specified.
Empty fields are replaced with accounts defaults.
Examples of acceptable formats are as follows (note that you can ommit follow-on commas and
fields if you wish to accept the system defaults for those fields, or you can leave the fields empty):
fred,hello123
In this example, user
fred
will have password set to
hello123
notification, automatic UID assigned, and default quota.
barney,23stone,,barney@bedrock.com
In this example, user
sent email notification to
wilma,imhiswif,ourgroup,wilma@bedrock.com,225,50
In this example, user
sent to
wilma@bedrock.com
barney
will have password set to
barney@bedrock.com
wilma
will have password
, UID set to
23stone
, automatic UID assigned, and default quota.
imhiswif
, belongs to group
225
, and quota set to
, belongs to the default group, no email
, belongs to the default group, will be
ourgroup
, email notification
50MB
.
►
Page 26
SETTING ACCOUNTS PREFERENCES
You can set various account defaults by selecting the Preferences option in the drop-down box.
Domain Security Mode
Page 27
►
DOMAIN/ADS AUTHENTICATION
If you choose the Domain security mode option, you will need to create a trusted relationship with
the domain controller or the active directory server (ADS) that will act as the authentication server
for the ReadyNAS device. You will need the following information:
Domain name
Domain administrator login
Domain administrator password
DNS name of the ADS realm (if using ADS)
You can elect to have the ReadyNAS automatically auto-detect the domain controller, or you can
specify the IP address. Sometimes auto-detect will fail, and you will need to supply the IP address of
the domain controller to join the domain.
If you have a large number of users in your domain, you may need to deselect the
from trusted domains
… checkbox. Otherwise, FrontView management system may slow down
Display users
to an unusable state.
Note
Use of the ReadyNAS in a domain environment with more than 1000 users
is not recommended at this time.
Click Apply to join the domain. If successful, users and groups from the domain will have login
Page 28
access to the shares on this device.
►
SETTING UP ACCOUNTS
Accounts are managed on the domain controller. The ReadyNAS simply pulls the account
information from the controller and displays them in the Accounts tab if you have the
users from trusted domains…
option enabled.
Display
If you wish, you can assign a disk quota to the domain users and groups. If email addresses are
specified, users will be automatically notified when approaching and reaching their quotas.
Services
Page 29
The Services menu allows you to manage various services for share access. This in effect controls
the type of clients you wish to allow access to the ReadyNAS.
You will notice three tabs at the top:
Discovery Services
. These different services are explained below.
Standard File Protocols, Streaming Services
, and
Standard File Protocols
The standard file protocols are common file sharing services that allow your workstation clients file
transfer to and from the ReadyNAS using built-in file manager over network file protocols on the
client operating system. The available services are:
CIFS
NFS
AFP
FTP
, or Common Internet File Service, and often referred to as SMB. This protocol is a
predominant protocol used by Microsoft Windows clients, and sometimes used by Mac
OS X clients. Under Windows, when you click on My Network Places or Network
Neighborhood, you’re going across CIFS. This service is enabled by default and cannot be
disabled.
, or Network File Service. NFS is used by Linux and Unix clients. Mac OS 9/X users
can access NFS shares as well through console shell access. The ReadyNAS supports NFS
v3 over UDP.
, or Apple File Protocol. Mac OS 9 and OS X works best using this protocol as it
handles a large range of character set. The ReadyNAS supports AFP 3.1.
, or File Transfer Protocol. Widely used in public file upload and download sites.
ReadyNAS supports anonymous or user access for FTP clients, regardless of the security
mode selected. If you wish, you can elect to set up port-forwarding to a non-standard
ports for better security when accessed over the Internet.
HTTP
, or Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Used by web browsers. ReadyNAS supports
HTTP file manager, allowing web browsers to read and write to shares using the web
browser. This service can be disabled in lieu of HTTPS to allow for a more secure
transmission of passwords and data. With the option to redirect default web access to a
Page 30
specified share, you can transparently force access to http://
http://
readynas_ip/share
. This is useful if you do not want to expose your share listing to
readynas_ip
to
outsiders as well as allowing you to redirect all default web access to a share dedicated to be
your website. All you need in the target share is an index file such as
index.html
. You have the option of enabling or disabling login authentication to this
index.htm
or
share.
HTTPS
, or HTTP with SSL encryption. This service is enabled by default and cannot be
disabled. Access to FrontView is strictly through HTTPS for this reason. If you want
remote web access to FrontView or your HTTPS shares, you have the option of specifying
a non-standard port that you can forward on your router for better security. You can also
regenerate the SSL key based on the hostname or IP address that users will address the
ReadyNAS. This allows you to bypass the default dummy certificate warnings whenever
you access the ReadyNAS.
Rsync
, an extremely popular and efficient form of incremental backup made popular in
the Linux platform but is now available for various other Unix systems as well as Windows
and Mac. Enabling Rsync service on the ReadyNAS will allow clients to use Rsync to
initiate backups to and from the ReadyNAS.
Streaming Services
Next are the Streaming File Protocols, a list of built-in streaming services available straight from the
ReadyNAS, without the need to have your PC or Mac powered on.
SlimServer
provides music streaming to the popular Squeezebox music players from Slim
Devices. You can click on the setup link for more detail configuration options.
iTunes Streaming Server
enables iTunes clients to stream media files straight from the
ReadyNAS. You can specify the share and folder path where your music files reside, and
you can specify a name for the service that will appear in your iTunes application as well as
how often your music files will be rescanned on the ReadyNAS. Rescanning is required to
update your music list, and you can opt to rescan your files manually.
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