The information in this document is subject to change without prior notice in order to
improve reliability, design and function and does not represent a commitment on the part
of the manufacturer.
In no event will the manufacturer be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or
consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the product or
documentation, even if advised of the possibility of such damages.
Copyright
This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. All rights are
reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced by any mechanical, electronic, or
other means in any form without prior written permission of the manufacturer.
TRADEMARKS
All registered trademarks and product names mentioned herein are used for identification
purposes only and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective
owners.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Manual Conventions
WARNING!
Warnings appear where overlooked details may cause damage to the equipment or result
in personal injury. Warnings should be taken seriously. Warnings are easy to recognize.
The word “warning” is written as “WARNING,” both capitalized and bold and is followed by
text. The text is the warning message. A warning message is shown below:
WARNING:
This is an example of a warning message. Failure to adhere to warning
messages may result in permanent damage to the MMD-4300 Series
or personal injury to the user. Please take warning messages seriously.
CAUTION!
Cautionary messages should also be heeded to help reduce the chance of losing data or
damaging the MMD-4300 Series. Cautions are easy to recognize. The word “caution” is
written as “CAUTION,” both capitalized and bold and is followed. The italicized text is the
cautionary message. A caution message is shown below:
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
CAUTION:
This is an example of a caution message. Failure to adhere to cautions
messages may result in permanent damage to the MMD-4300 Series.
Please take caution messages seriously.
NOTE:
These messages inform the reader of essential but non-critical information. These
messages should be read carefully as any directions or instructions contained therein can
help avoid making mistakes. Notes are easy to recognize. The word “note” is written as
“NOTE,” both capitalized and bold and is followed by text. The text is the cautionary
message. A note message is shown below:
NOTE:
This is an example of a note message. Notes should always be read.
Notes contain critical information about the MMD-4300 Series. Please
take note messages seriously.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Packing List
NOTE:
If any of the components listed in the checklist below are missing,
please do not proceed with the installation. Contact the IEI reseller or
vendor you purchased the MMD-4300 series from or contact an IEI
sales representative directly. To contact an IEI sales representative,
please send an email to
The items listed below should all be included in the MMD-4300 Series package.
1 x MMD-4300 Series LCD monitor
1 x Monitor stand
1 x Power adapter
1 x Power cord (US)
2 x DVI-D cables
1 x USB cable (Type A to Type B)
1 x User manual and utility CD
Images of the above items are shown in Chapter
sales@iei.com.tw.
3.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
Safety Precautions
Prior to installing, moving and modifying the monitor, make sure the power is
turned off and the power cord is disconnected.
Do not apply voltage levels that exceed the specified voltage range. Doing so will
cause fire or an electric shock.
Electric shocks can occur if the panel is opened. Do not drop or insert any object
into the ventilation openings of the monitor.
Only qualified engineers from certified system integrators are allowed to make
necessary functional modifications to the monitor.
If considerable amount of dust, water or fluids entered the monitor, turn off the
power supply immediately, unplug the power cord and contact the monitor vendor.
Explosions may occur with installations in environments where flammable gases
are present.
Grounding reliability can only be achieved when the equipment is connected to an
equivalent receptacle marked “Hospital Only” or “Hospital Grade”.
This device is intended to be used: (1) outside a “patient vicinity” area or (2) within
a “patient vicinity” area such as consulting rooms.
The signal input parts or signal output parts (SIP/SOP) need to be connected
properly and any unused SIP/SOP shall not be accessible to unqualified
personnel after the LCD is integrated into a medical system.
The unit is for exclusive interconnection with IEC 60XXX certified equipment
outside of patient environment and IEC 60601-1 certified equipment inside the
patient environment.
This device complies with EN60601-1-2. To minimize the interference from other
equipment, a minimum 0.5 m distance shall be kept from other potential
electromagnetic sources, such as cell phones, etc.
Equipment connected to the analog or digital interfaces must comply with the
respective IEC standards (e.g. IEC 60950 for data processing equipment and IEC
60601-1 for medical equipment).
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To fully disengage power to the unit, disconnect the power cord from its AC outlet.
Do not remove any of the display housings. There are no user serviceable parts
inside the monitor. Refer servicing to qualified service personnel.
All configurations shall comply with the current version of the IEC 60601-1-1
safety requirements for medical electrical systems.
To maintain the highest level of performance, it is recommended that this product
be replaced after five years of use.
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
FURTHER PRECAUTIONS
Do not drop the monitor against a hard surface. Doing so will damage the display.
Do not strike or exert excessive force onto the panel.
Touching the LCD panel using a sharp object will cause damage to the display.
Avoid environments exposed to direct sunlight, dust or chemical vapors.
The ambient temperature of the installation site should be observed and
controlled to avoid overheating the monitor.
Condensation might form inside of the monitor chassis if exposed to sudden
changes in temperature.
Carefully route the power cord, so that people cannot step on it. Do not place
anything over the power cord or bend it.
If the equipment should be left unused for an extended period of time, disconnect
it from the power source to avoid damage by transient over-voltage.
If any of the following situations arise, have the equipment checked by qualified
service personnel:
o The power cord or plug is damaged.
o Liquid has penetrated into the equipment.
o The equipment has been exposed to moisture.
o The equipment does not work properly, or cannot be made to work
according to the user manual.
o The equipment has been dropped and damaged.
o The equipment shows obvious signs of damage.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
WARNING:
Any changes or modifications made to the equipment that are not
expressly approved by the relevant standards could void the authority
to operate the equipment.
ADDITIONAL INFORMA TION AND ASSISTANCE
MAINTENANCE AND CLEANING
Prior to cleaning any part or component of the monitor, please read the details below.
Except for the properly installed front LCD panel, never spray or squirt liquids
directly onto any other component. To clean the front panel, please rub it with a
piece of soft dry cloth or a slightly moistened cloth.
The interior of the LCD monitor does not require cleaning. Keep fluids away from
the LCD monitor interior.
Be cautious of all small removable components when vacuuming the monitor.
Turn the system off before cleaning the LCD monitor.
Never drop any objects or liquids through the openings of the LCD monitor.
Be cautious of any possible allergic reactions to solvents or chemicals used when
cleaning the monitor.
Avoid eating, drinking and smoking within vicinity of the monitor.
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CLEANING TOOLS
Some components in the monitor may only be cleaned using a product specifically
designed for the purpose. In such case, the product will be explicitly mentioned in the
cleaning tips. Below is a list of items to use when cleaning the computer or computer
peripherals.
Cloth – Although paper towels or tissues can be used, a soft, clean piece of dry
cloth is recommended when cleaning the monitor.
Using solvents – The use of solvents is not recommended when cleaning the
monitor as they may damage the plastic parts.
Vacuum cleaner – Using a vacuum specifically designed for computers is one of
the best methods of cleaning the monitor. Over dust and dirt can restrict the
airflow in a computer and cause circuitry to corrode.
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Cotton swabs - Cotton swaps moistened with rubbing alcohol are excellent tools
for wiping hard to reach areas.
Foam swabs - Whenever possible, it is best to use lint free swabs such as foam
swabs for cleaning.
ESD PRECAUTIONS
Observe all conventional anti-ESD methods while handling the components contained
within the LCD should the need arise for adding a functionality. The use of a grounded
wrist strap and an anti-static work pad is recommended. Avoid dust and debris or other
static-accumulating materials in the work area.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
PRODUCT DISPOSAL
Within the United States:
The lamps in this product contain mercury. Please dispose according to state,
local or Federal law.
Within the European Union:
EU-wide legislation, as implemented in each Member State, requires that
waste electrical and electronic products carrying the mark (left) must be
disposed of separately from normal household waste. This includes monitors
and electrical accessories, such as signal cables or power cords. When you
need to dispose of your display products, please follow the guidance of your
local authority, or ask the shop where you purchased the product. The mark
on electrical and electronic products only applies to the current European
Union Member States.
Please follow the national guidelines for electrical and electronic product disposal.
Standard VESA mounting interface (100mm x 100mm or 100mm x 200mm)
Various graphics card support: Matrox, RealVision, ATI, nVidia and other
high-level commercial cards
1.3 Compatible Graphics Card
MMD-4300 Series supports the following graphics cards in either Single 4MP Viewing
Mode or Dual 2MP Viewing Mode:
NVIDIA QUADRO FX Series
ATI FireGL Series
1.4 Model Variations
The MMD-4300 Series has the following base models.
Model Size Mono/Color Pixels Front Panel Protection
MMD-4300C
MMD-4300CX
Table 1-1: Model Variations
30.0" Mono/Color 4M IPX0
30.0" Mono/Color 4M IPX2
1.5 General Specifications
The following sections describe the MMD-4300 Series medical LCD monitor, LCD panel
and power adapter specifications.
1.5.1 MMD-4300 Series Monitor
Table 1-2 lists the specifications for the MMD-4300 Series medical LCD monitor.
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Model MMD-4300C/MMD-4300CX
Drive System a-Si TFT active matrix
Display area (H x V) 641.3mm x 400.8mm
Diagonal size of display 75.6cm (30.0 inches)
Resolution (H x V) 2560 x 1600
Display color 16,777,216 colors
Pixel pitch (H x V) 0.2505mm x 0.2505mm
Sub-pixel pitch (H x V) 0.0835mm x 0.2505mm
Pixel format RGB (Red dot, Green dot, Blue dot) vertical stripe
Luminance-max. 300 (cd/m2)
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Max. Luminance
(calibrated)
Contrast ratio 1000:1 (typ.)
Viewing angle Right 178o, Left 178o, Up 178o, Down 178o
Response time (Ton + Toff) 12ms (typ.)
Polarizer surface/hardness Antiglare/3H
Backlight 16 CCFL
Default gamma Gamma 2.2
LUT 10-bit for each RGB
Signal input Dual link DVI-D (digital)
USB 2.0 hub 1 upstream/2 downstream
OSD Keypad Yes (rear panel)
Power Adapter
Input voltage range
Power Adapter
Input frequency range
220 (cd/m2) for MMD-4300C
2
200 (cd/m
100VAC-240VAC
47Hz-63Hz
) for MMD-4300CX
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Power Adapter
Max. Input AC current
Power Adapter
Power output
Physical dimensions
(H x W x D)
Weight (without/with stand) 12.79kg/16.55kg
Operating temperature +10°C ~ +35°C
2.0Arms @ 90V AC
24VDC, 6.25A, 150W (max.)
With stand: 522mm x 736mm x 266mm (landscape)
Without stand: 480mm x 736mm x 76mm (landscape)
To display two screens from two systems on the MMD-4300 Series, follow the steps
below.
Step 1: Connect the master DVI port of one system to the master DVI port of the
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MMD-4300 Series (Figure 4-6).
Step 2: Connect the master DVI port of the other system to the slave DVI port of the
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
MMD-4300 Series (
Step 3: The MMD-4300 Series displays the source from the master port on the left hand
side screen while the source from the slave port is displayed on the right hand
side screen. Step 0:
Figure 4-6).
Figure 4-6: DVI-D Connection (Two Systems)
4.2.4 USB Type A Connector
Use the bottom panel standard USB Type A connector to connect the monitor to a
secondary USB device aside from the main computer. To enable the two USB Type A
connectors, the USB Type B connector must be connected to a computer system with
USB driver installed.
Figure 4-7: USB Type A Connector
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
4.2.5 USB Type B Connector
Use the bottom panel standard USB Type B connector to connect the monitor to a
computer system to enable the other two USB Type A connectors on the bottom panel of
the MMD-4300 Series.
Figure 4-8: USB Type B Connector
4.3 Display Adjustment - Swivel
The monitor can be swiveled to offer a more comfortable viewing position to the user. The
total range of movement is 90° (45° left or right from a straightforward position). To adjust
the monitor, hold both sides of the monitor bezel and swivel left or right as necessary.
Figure 4-9: Monitor Swivel Adjustment
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
4.4 Mounting the MMD-4300 Series LCD Monitor
The MMD-4300 Series LCD monitor can be mounted on a monitor arm or stand.
CAUTION:
When mounting the monitor, take care to tighten the retention screws or bolts
until fully secure, but do not over tighten. Over tightening the retention screws
or bolts may cause them to become stripped, rendering them useless.
4.4.1 Monitor Arm or Stand Installation
The MMD-4300 Series medical LCD monitor has Video Electronics Standards Association
(VESA) standard mounting holes tapped into the rear panel. The standard holes are M4
set at 100mm x 100mm or 100mm x 200mm apart (
Figure 4-10).
Figure 4-10: VESA Mounting Holes
To mount the MMD-4300 Series medical LCD monitor onto a monitor arm or stand, please
follow the steps below.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
Step 1: Line up the threaded holes on the monitor rear panel with the screw holes on the
monitor arm or stand mounting plate.
Step 2: Secure the monitor to the arm or stand with the retention screws supplied with
the monitor arm or stand.Step 0:
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
Chapter
5
5 On-Screen-Display
(OSD) Controls
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5.1 User Mode OSD Structure
5.1.1 OSD Buttons
There are several on-screen-display (OSD) control buttons oriented vertically on the rear
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
panel of the monitor as shown in
Figure 5-1: OSD Control Buttons
ON/OFF Button
Press this button to turn the LCD monitor backlight on or off.
Info Button
Press this button to show the general information of the MMD-4300 Series.
Menu Button
Press this button to show or exit the OSD main menu.
Plus (+) Button
Press this button to scroll through items in sub menus or increase a menu
item’s value.
Minus (-) Button
Figure 5-1.
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Press this button to scroll through items in sub menus or decrease a menu
item’s value.
Select Button
Press this button to enter a sub menu or select an item in a sub menu.
The OSD control panel also includes two LEDs.
Power LED
When the LCD monitor backlight is on and a DVI signal is detected, the power
LED is green. When the LCD monitor backlight is off or no DVI signal is
detected, the power LED is orange.
Failure/Warning LED
The warning LED will also flash when the temperature inside the monitor
housing rises above 60°C. The warning LED discontinues flashing when the
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
temperature inside the monitor housing falls below 45°C.
5.1.2 OSD Menu Structure
Table 5-1 shows the OSD menu structure for all models of the MMD-4300 Series LCD
monitor.
Menu Value
Brightness
Resolution
Color to Gray
Gamma
120~220 for MMD-4300C
120~200 for MMD-4300CX
4MP
2MP
Single Display (4MP) Dual Display (2MP)
COLOR
GRAY
Mono Display Color Display
Blue
4
Clear
M
SPECIAL
P
Linear
Blue
L
2
M
P
Clear
SPECIAL
R
Linear
C/C C/G
G/C G/G
6500K
9300K
Special
6500K
9300K
L
R
Special
Gamma2.2
Gamma2.0
Gamma1.8
Special 1
Special 2
Special 3
Linear
Gamma2.2
Gamma2.0
Gamma1.8
Special 1
Special 2
Special 3
Information (Display general information of the MMD-4300 Series)
Default Setting
Table 5-1: OSD Menus
Linear
Yes
No
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
5.2 Using the OSD
The following sections describe how to enter the OSD menus and adjust their functions.
5.2.1 Entering, Exiting and Switching OSD Menus
To enter the OSD menus, press the <Menu> button once.
Press the <+>, <-> buttons to select the desired menu.
Press the <Menu> button again to exit the OSD menus.
5.2.2 Selecting and Setting Adjustments
Enter the desired menu with the <Select> button.
Make the required adjustments with the <+>, <-> buttons.
Press the <Select> button again to confirm the setting and exit the menu.
5.3 OSD Menu Options
OSD menu options are described below.
5.3.1 Brightness Menu
Brightness menu are shown in Figure 5-2. Adjusts the brightness of screen with the <+>,
<-> buttons. Setting this value too high or too low will affect the quality of image.
Figure 5-2: Brightness Menu
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
5.3.2 Resolution Menu
Resolution menu options are shown in Figure 5-3.
Figure 5-3: Resolution Menu
4MP
2MP
Single viewing mode. The display resolution is 4 megapixels (2560 x 1600).
Dual viewing mode. The display resolution is 2 megapixels (1600 x 1280) in
each display window.
After switching the viewing mode, the system must be restarted for the new
setting to take effect.
5.3.3 Color/Gray Menu
5.3.3.1 Single Viewing Mode (4MP)
NOTE:
Color/Gray menu options for single viewing mode (4MP) are shown in Figure 5-2.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Figure 5-4: Color/Gray Menu (4MP)
Color
Gray
Display in color mode.
Display in grayscale mode.
5.3.3.2 Dual Viewing Mode (2MP)
Color/Gray menu options for dual viewing mode (2MP) are shown in Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-5: Color/Gray Menu (2MP)
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
C/C
G/C
C/G
G/G
5.3.4 Gamma Menu
5.3.4.1 Mono Display
Gamma menu options for mono display are shown in Figure 5-2.
Display in color mode in both viewing window.
The left hand side window is displayed in grayscale mode;
The right hand side window is displayed in color mode.
The left hand side window is displayed in color mode;
The right hand side window is displayed in grayscale mode.
Display in grayscale mode in both viewing window.
Figure 5-6: Gamma Menu (Mono Display)
Blue
Clear
SPECIAL
Linear
Display in blue and white backlight mode.
Display in normal grayscale mode.
User-defined value
The display gamma is 1. The relationship between the pixel levels in
the computer and the luminance of the monitor is linear.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
5.3.4.2 Color Display
Gamma menu options for color display in single display mode are shown in Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-7: Gamma Menu (Color Display)
6500K
9300K
Special
NTSC standard Kelvin. Color Temperature.
The available display gamma options under 6500K include:
Gamma2.2
Gamma2.0
Gamma1.8
NTSC standard Kelvin. Color Temperature.
The available display gamma options under 9300K include:
Gamma2.2
Gamma2.0
Gamma1.8
The options include:
Special 1: user defined
Special 2: user defined
Special 3: user defined
Linear: the display gamma is 1
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
5.3.4.3 Dual Display (2MP)
Gamma menu options in dual display mode are shown in Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-8: Gamma Menu (Dual Display)
L
R
After selecting the window, the user can modify the gamma setting of the selected window.
If the selected window is in mono display mode, please refer to Section
description; if the selected window is in color display mode, please refer to Section
for detail description.
5.3.5 Information Menu
Information menu provides information on the LCD monitor, such as model number,
version number, and resolution (
described in
Table 5-2.
Select to control the gamma setting of the left hand side window.
Select to control the gamma setting of the right hand side window.
5.3.4.1 for detail
5.3.4.2
Figure 5-2). The detail description of each item is
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Figure 5-9: Information Menu
Item Description
Model MMD-4300/MMD-4300A
Lookup table. Based on the setting in Gamma menu. LUT
G0: 6500K – Gamma2.2
G1: 6500K – Gamma2.0
G2: 6500K – Gamma1.8
G3: 9500K – Gamma2.2
G4: 9500K – Gamma2.0
G5: 9500K – Gamma1.8
S/N Serial number
Ver Firmware version
F: FPGA firmware
C: CPLD firmware
S: 8051 firmware
UT Usage Time: Indicates the hours that the backlight has been
turned on. (H: hours)
G6: Special – Special1
G7: Special – Special2
G8: Special – Special3
LIN: Special – Linear
Table 5-2: Information Menu – Item Description
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
5.3.6 Default Setting Menu
Default Setting menu options are shown in Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-10: Default Setting Menu
Yes
No
Resets the menu items to factory defaults. The reset does not affect
the user-defined value of the SPECIAL item in gamma menus.
Factory Defaults:
Brightness: 200 nits
Resolution: 4MP, color mode
LUT: G0 (6500K, Gamma2.2)
Do not reset the menu items to factory defaults.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
Chapter
6
6 Software Driver
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6.1 Available Software Drivers
NOTE:
The content of the CD may vary throughout the life cycle of the product
and is subject to change without prior notice. Please contact technical
support for the latest updates.
The following driver can be installed on the system:
USB driver
Installation instructions are given below.
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
6.2 USB Driver Installation
The USB driver enables the USB port. Follow the steps below to install the USB driver.
Step 1: Insert the CD into a CD drive connected to the system.
Step 2: The Install Driver screen in
Figure 6-1: Install Driver Screen
Step 3: Click Install to accept the default driver directory on the system (or click Browse
to manually select the driver destination folder).
Figure 6-1 appears.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
Step 4: The driver files are copied to the system and the Installation Successful
screen in
Figure 6-2 appears.
Figure 6-2: Installation Successful Screen
Step 5: Click OK to complete the driver installation process. Step 0:
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Chapter
7
7 Troubleshooting
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
7.1 Troubleshooting
If a problem persists even after applying the remedies suggested below, please contact a
dealer for further examination. Only qualified engineers from certified system integrators
are allowed to make necessary functional modifications to the monitor.
Problem Solution
No picture
Message appears
when the signal is
out of input range
Power Button does
not respond
The screen is too
bright or too dark
Check that the signal cable is completely connected to the
graphics card.
Check that the power cord is correctly connected.
Check that the graphics card is firmly seated in its slot.
Check that the power switch of the monitor is ON.
Check that the power switch of the computer is ON.
Check the compatibility of the graphics card with the
system and setup a suitable signal timing.
Please refer to the user manual of the graphics card for
setting up a suitable frequency level.
Turn off the monitor and unplug the power cord from the
power outlet.
Plug in the power cord again.
Change the <Brightness> value in the OSD menu.
The backlight has a fixed life span. When it starts to
become dark or begins to flicker, please contact your
dealer.
Image Persistence
LCD image persistence isn’t a permanent phenomenon,
but showing the same image for an extended period of
time should still be avoided.
To remove the image, turn off the monitor for as long as the
image had been displayed.
Use a screensaver regularly when a monitor is displaying
the same image or is idled.
The OSD main menu
Without wearing gloves and with dry hands, try touching
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Problem Solution
does not appear
Monitor turns off
while in use
Displayed image is
not sized properly
Displayed Image is
unstable
The USB function
does not operate
the buttons again.
Press and hold the <Menu> button for 1.5 second or more.
Make sure the temperature status and fan status indicated
in the OSD menus are still within the allowable operating
range.
Check to see that an appropriate mode is supported by
and has been set on the graphics card or system being
used.
Check that the signal cable is properly attached to the
system.
Check the compatibility of the graphics card and setup a
suitable signal timing.
Check that both the system and OS are USB compliant.
Check that the USB cable is properly connected.
Check the USB setting in the system BIOS.
Table 7-1: Troubleshooting
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Appendix
A
A International
Standards Compliance
Page 46
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
A.1 UL 60601-1 AND CAN/CSA C22.2 NO. 601.1
Authentication sign of Standard Inspection Bureau for U.S.A. Complies with UL 60601-1
AND CAN/CSA C22.2 NO. 601.1.
A.2 93/42/EEC, EN60601-1, EN60601-2
The LCD monitor complies with the 93/42/EEC, EN60601-1, EN60601-2 of related
European standards.
A.3 FCC
We hereby declare that the equipment specified above conforms to the technical
standards as specified in the FCC Rules.
A.4 RoHS Compliant
The MMD-4300 series comply with the Restriction of Hazardous Materials (RoHS)
Directive. This means that all components used to build the industrial workstations and the
workstation itself are RoHS compliant.
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The RoHS Directive bans the placing on the EU market of new electrical and electronic
equipment containing more than agreed levels of lead, caISDMium, mercury, hexavalent
chromium, polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE)
flame retardants.
A.5 Attention
Consult the company in the doument.
This symbol alerts the user that important information concerning the operation and
maintenance of this unit has been included. Therefore, the information should be read
MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
carefully in order to avoid any problems.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Appendix
B
B Glossary
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
Active-Matrix Liquid Crystal Displays
A type of flat panel display with advantages such as light weight, excellent image quality,
wide color gamut and response time as compare with other types of displays. Whereas a
passive matrix display uses a simple conductive grid to deliver current to the liquid crystals
in the target area, an active matrix display uses a grid of transistors and capacitors with
the ability to hold a charge for a limited period of time. Because of the switching action of
transistors, only the desired pixel receives a charge, and the pixel acts as a capacitor to
hold the charge until the next refresh cycle, improving image quality over a passive matrix.
Color Gamut
The complete range of hues and strengths of colors that can be achieved with a given set
of colorants such as cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks on a specific substrate.
Color Space
A three-dimensional space or model into which the three attributes of a color can be
represented, plotted, or recorded. These attributes are usually called hue, value, and
chroma. The most common color space based on the RGB model being used is sRGB.
Flicker
Flicker is visible fading between image frames displayed on CRT based monitor. Flicker
occurs when the monitor’s CRT is driven at a low refresh rate, allowing the screen’s
phosphors to lose their excitation between sweeps of the electron gun. For example, if a
CRT monitor’s vertical refresh rate is set to 60 Hz; most monitors will produce a visible
“flickering” effect. Most people find that refresh rate of 70-80 Hz and above enable
flicker-free viewing. Since flat panel displays use Active-matrix liquid crystal displays that
use a transistor for each pixel, they do not flicker based on the screen refresh rate.
However, Active-matrix liquid crystal displays may display backlight flicker.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monito
Gamma Correction
In reference to displaying an image accurately on a computer screen, Gamma correction
controls the overall brightness of an image. Images that are not properly corrected can
look either bleached out, or too dark.
Grayscale
Displayed images of this sort are typically composed of shades of gray, varying from black
at the weakest intensity to white at the strongest. Grayscale images are distinct from
black-and-white images, which show with only two colors, black and white; grayscale
images have many shades of gray in between. Grayscale images intended for visual
display are typically stored with 8 bits per pixel, which allows 256 intensities to be
recorded. Technical uses (e.g. in medical imaging) often require more levels (typically 10
or 12 bits per pixel), to make full use of the sensor accuracy.
LUT
In image processing, lookup tables are often called LUTs, and they link index numbers to
output values. One common LUT, called the colormap or palette, is used to determine the
colors and intensity values with which a particular image will be displayed.
Refresh Rate vs. Frame Rate
The refresh rate is the number of times in a second that a display is illuminated. This is
distinct from the measure of frame rate in that the refresh rate includes the repeated
illumination of identical frames, while frame rate measures how often a display can
change from one image to another.
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MMD-4300 Series Medical LCD Monitor
Response Time
Response time is the amount of time a pixel in an LCD monitor takes to go from active
(black) to inactive (white) and back to active (black) again. It is measured in milliseconds
(ms). Lower numbers mean faster transitions and therefore fewer visible image artifacts.
White Point (White Chromaticity)
The intensity and color temperature of the brightest white reproducible by a device. For a
monitor this is the color and intensity when red, green and blue guns are generating their