ICP OMF112K14A, OMV112K14A Installation Instructions And Homeowner's Manual
MULTIPOSITION
HIGH-BOY
OIL-FIRED MODELS:
FURNACE
OMF112K14A
OMV112K14A
INSTALLER / SERVICE TECHNICIAN:
USE THE INFORMATION IN THIS MANUAL FOR THE INSTALLATION AND SERVICING OF THE FURNACE AND
KEEP THE DOCUMENT NEAR THE UNIT FOR FUTURE
REFERENCE.
HOMEOWNER: Manufactured by: Dettson Industries Inc.
PLEASE KEEP THIS MANUAL NEAR THE FURNACE FOR
FUTURE REFERENCE.
Printed in Canada on 100% recycled paper 2017-08-31 X40165 Rev.M
Attention:
Do not tamper with the unit or its controls.
Call a qualified service technician.
Sherbrooke, Qc, Canada
www.dettson.com
Table of content
1 SAFETY 2
1.1 SAFETY LABELING AND WARNING SIGNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 IMPORTANT INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 DETECTION SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 DANGER OF FREEZING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 INSTALLATION 3
2.1 POSITIONING THE FURNACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1.1 Installation in an enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 CONFIGURATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.1 Upflow installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.2 Downflow Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.3 Horizontal Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 INSTALLATION OF THE THERMOSTAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.5 INSTALLATION OF THE BURNER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.5.1 Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.5.2 Air and Turbulator Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.5.3 Post purge delay adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.6 VENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.6.1 Masonry chimney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.6.2 Factory-built chimneys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.6.3 Draft regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.6.4 Side wall venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.7 BLOCKED VENT SHUT-OFF DEVICE (BVSO) FOR CHIMNEY VENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.7.1 BVSO Functional Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.8 COMBUSTION AIR SUPPLY AND VENTILATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.8.1 Contaminated Combustion Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.8.2 Burner with Outdoor Combustion Air Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.9 DUCTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.9.1 Air filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.10 SUPPLY AIR ADJUSTMENTS (4 SPEED MOTORS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.11 SUPPLY AIR ADJUSTMENTS (ECM VARIABLE SPEED MOTORS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.12 INSTALLATION OF ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.12.1 Humidifier (HUM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.12.2 Electronic Air Cleaner (EAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.12.3 Air Conditioner (or Heat Pump) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.12.4 Emergency Heating Mode - variable speed Motor (ECM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3 OPERATION 11
1
3.1 START-UP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2 OPERATING SEQUENCE OIL HEATING MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.3 CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.1 Purging the oil line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.2 Pressure adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.3 Combustion Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.4 Draft Regulator adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.5 Overfire pressure test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.6 Vent Temperature Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.7 Supply Air Temperature Rise Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.8 Limit control check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3.9 Restart after Burner Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4 MAINTENANCE 13
4.1 CLEANING THE HEAT EXCHANGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.2 CLEANING THE BLOCKED VENT SHUT-OFF DEVICE (BVSO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.3 CLEANING THE BURNER HEAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.4 REPLACING THE NOZZLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.5 REPLACING THE OIL FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.6 CHANGING THE AIR FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5 FURNACE INFORMATION 15
6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 16
List of figures
Figure 1: Location and dimensions of ventilation air openings in a closet door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 2: Upflow Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 3: Downflow Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 4: Horizontal Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 5: Heating & Air Conditioning with 4-speed motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 6: Thermostat wiring, heating and air conditioning with ECM variable speed motor . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 7: Thermostat wiring, heating and air conditioning/heat pump with ECM variable speed motor . . . . 5
Figure 8: Blower “OFF” delay - Board #ST9103A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 9: Blower Start/Stop Delays - Board#1158 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 10: Furnace Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 11: Wiring diagram 4-speed motor (PSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 12: Wiring diagram variable speed motor (ECM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 13: Parts list with 4-speed motor (PSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 14: Parts list with variable speed motor (ECM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2
List of tables
Table 1: Blower speed adjustments, 4-speed motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Table 2: Airflow adjustments heating mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 3: Airflow adjustments air conditioning mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 4: Airflow adjustments heating mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 5: Delay adjustments heating mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 6: Technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 7: Airflow data, models with 1/2HP ECM motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 8: Airflow data model with 1/2 HP 4-speed motor (PSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 9: Minimum clearances from combustible materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 10: Parts list with 4-speed moto (PSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 11: Parts list with 4-speed moto (PSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 12: Accessoires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3
1 SAFETY
1.1 SAFETY LABELING AND WARNING SIGNS
The words DANGER, WARNING and CAUTION are
used to identify the levels of seriousness of certain hazards. It is important that you understand their meaning.
You will notice these words in the manual as follows:
a) It is the homeowner’s responsibility to engage a
qualified technician for the installation and subsequent servicing of this furnace;
b) Do not use this furnace if any part of it was under
water. Call a qualified service technician immediately to assess the damage and to replace all critical parts that were in contact with water;
c) Do not store gasoline or any other flammable sub-
stances, such as paper or carton, near the furnace;
d) Do not stack items or boxing within the required
clearances to combustible materials specified in Table 9;
DANGER
Immediate hazards which WILL result in death or
serious bodily and/or material damage.
WARNING
Hazards or unsafe practices which CAN result in
death or serious bodily and /or material damage.
CAUTION
Hazards or unsafe practices which CAN result in mi-
nor bodily and /or material damage.
1.2 IMPORTANT INFORMATION
WARNING
Non-observance of the safety regulations outlined in this manual will potentially lead to consequences resulting in death, serious bodily injury
and/or property damage.
WARNING
Installation and repairs performed by unqualified
persons can result in hazards to them and to others. Installations must conform to local codes or,
in the absence of such codes, to codes of the
country having jurisdiction.
The information contained in this manual is intended for use by a qualified technician, familiar
with safety procedures and who is equipped with
the proper tools and test instruments.
Failure to carefully read and follow all instructions
in this manual can result in death, bodily injury
and/or property damage.
e) This furnace is designed for use with #1 or #2 heat-
ing oil only. The use of gasoline, motor oil or any
other oil containing gasoline is prohibited;
f) Never block or otherwise obstruct the filter and/or
return air openings;
g) Ask the technician installing your furnace to show
and explain to you the following items:
i. The main disconnect switch or circuit breaker;
ii. The shutt off valve on the oil tank
iii. The oil filter and how to change it (it must be
changed once a year);
iv. The air filter and how to change it (check
monthly and clean or replace if necessary);
h) Before calling for service, be sure to have the in-
formation of section 5 of your manual close by in
order to be able to provide the contractor with the
required information, such as the model and serial
numbers of the furnace.
1.3 DETECTION SYSTEMS
It is recommended that carbon monoxide detectors be
installed wherever oil or gas fired heaters are used. Carbon monoxide can cause bodily harm or death. For this
reason, agency approved carbon monoxide detectors
should be installed in your residence and properly maintained to warn of dangerously high carbon monoxide
levels.
There are several sources of possible smoke and flames
in a residence. Smoke and flames can cause bodily harm
or death. For this reason, agency approved smoke detectors should be installed in your residence and properly
maintained, to warn early on, of a potentially dangerous
fire. Also, the house should be equipped with approved
and properly maintained fire extinguishers.
Your unit is equipped with safety devices that can prevent
it from functioning when anomalies are detected such as
a blocked venting system.
4
1.4 DANGER OF FREEZING
2.1 POSITIONING THE FURNACE
CAUTION
If your furnace is shut down during the cold weather
season, water pipes may freeze, burst and cause serious water damage. Turn off the water supply and
bleed the pipes.
If the heater is left unattended during the cold weather
season, take the following precautions:
a) Close the main water valve in the house and purge
the pipes if possible. Open all the faucets in the
house;
b) Ask someone to frequently check the house during
the cold weather season to make sure that there is
sufficient heat to prevent the pipes from freezing.
Tell this person to call an emergency number if required.
2 INSTALLATION
This furnace is a true multi-position unit, in that it will
function in an upflow, downflow or horizontal configuration to the left or the right. Only a few modifications are
required during installation to change from one position
to another. The unit is shipped in the upflow configuration and instructions as to how to change to the other
positions are included in this manual.
The unit is shipped with a burner and its controls. It requires a 115VAC power supply to the control panel and
thermostat hook-up as shown on the wiring diagram, one
or more oil line connections, suitable ductwork and connection to a properly sized vent.
All local and national code requirements governing the
installation of oil burning equipment, wiring and the flue
connection MUST be followed. Some of the codes that
may apply are:
CSA B139: Installation code for oil burning equip-
ment;
ANSI/NFPA 31: Installation of oil burning equipment;
ANSI/NFPA 90B: Warm air heating and air conditioning
systems;
ANSI/NFPA 211: Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents and
solid fuel burning appliances;
ANSI/NFPA 70: National Electrical Code;
CSA C22.1 : Canadian Electrical Code;
or CSA C22.10
Only the latest issues of these codes shall be used.
WARNING
FI RE AND EXPL OSI ON HA ZAR D
The furnace must be installed in a level position,
never where it will slope toward the front.
Do not store or use gasoline or any other
flammable substances near the furnace.
Non-observance of these instructions will potentially result in death, bodily injury and/or property
damage.
CAUTION
This furnace is not watertight and is not designed for
outdoor installation. It must be installed in such a manner as to protect its electrical components from water.
Outdoor installation will lead to a hazardous electrical
condition and to premature failure of the equipment.
The minimum clearances from combustible material
for each of the positions are specified in Table 9.
If the furnace is installed in a basement or on a dirt floor,
in a crawl space for example, it is recommended to install
the unit on a cement base 2.5 cm to 5.0 cm (1" to 2")
thick.
The unit must be installed in an area where the ambient
and return air temperatures are above 15°C (60°F). In
addition, the furnace should be installed as closely as
possible to the vent, so that the connections are direct
and kept to a minimum. The heater should also be located close to the centre of the air distribution system.
2.1.1 Installation in an enclosure
The unit can be installed in an enclosure such as a closet.
However, two ventilation openings are required for combustion air. The openings should be located in front of the
furnace approximately 15 cm (6") above the floor and 15
cm (6") below the ceiling. Figure 1 indicates the minimum
dimensions required and the location of the openings.
5
Figure 1 – Location and dimensions of ventilation air
openings in a closet door
2.2.2 Downflow Installation
When the furnace is installed in the downflow position on
a combustible floor, the clearances from combustibles
must be adhered to. The downflow base DFB-102 or
KLASB0801DET can be used to ensure these clearances. Refer to Figure 3 and the installation instructions
provided with the base.
In cases where the return air enters through the floor,
the floor return base FRB-101 or KLARB0101DET must
be used.
The burner must always be installed in the same manner,
regardless of the discharge position of the furnace. Refer
to Figure 3 for additional details.
The protection plate (B03789) must be installed on
the plastic cover of the Beckett NX burner to protect
it from vent. ONLY the AMP098 in downflow position
requires the protection plate provided with the unit.
Figure 3 – Downflow Installation
2.2 CONFIGURATIONS
2.2.1 Upflow installation
The return air opening may be located on either side of
the furnace. Care should be taken not to damage the
wires inside, while cutting the opening. Install the filter
rack supplied with the unit according to the instructions
provided with it. It is also recommended to install the
blower door before handling or moving the unit. Refer to
Figure 2 for additional details.
Figure 2 – Upflow Installation
2.2.3 Horizontal Installation
When the furnace is installed in the horizontal position,
either suspended or on a combustible floor with a
choice of right or left discharge, the clearances from
combustible material must be adhered to. If the unit is
installed on a combustible floor, the horizontal floor base
HFB-101 or KLASB0701DET can be used to ensure
these clearances. Refer to the instructions supplied with
the base.
In cases where the return air enters through the floor,
the floor return base FRB-101 or KLARB0101DET can
be installed as per the supplied instructions.
The burner must always be installed in the same manner,
regardless of the discharge position of the furnace. Refer
to Figure 4 for additional details.
6
Figure 4 – Horizontal Installation
2.3 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Figure 5 – Heating & Air Conditioning with 4-speed
motor
Figure 6 – Thermostat wiring, heating and air conditioning with ECM variable speed motor
CAUTION
The exterior of the unit must have an uninterrupted
ground to minimize the risk of bodily harm, if ever an
electrical problem develops. A green ground screw is
supplied with the control box for that purpose.
The appliance must be installed in accordance with the
current ANSI/NFPA 70 National Electrical Code, CSA
C22.1 Canadian Electrical Code Part 1 and/or local
codes.
The control system depends on the correct polarity of the
power supply. Connect “HOT” wire (H) and “NEUTRAL”
wire (N) as shown in figures 11 and 12.
A separate line voltage supply should be used, with fused
disconnect switch or circuit breaker, between the main
power panel and the unit.
Only copper wire may be used for the 115V circuit on this
unit. If wires need to be changed, the replacements must
have the same temperature resistance as the originals.
2.4 INSTALLATION OF THE
Figure 7 – Thermostat wiring, heating and air conditioning/heat pump with ECM variable speed motor
THERMOSTAT
A thermostat must be installed to control the temperature
of the area to be heated. Follow the instructions supplied
with the thermostat. Also refer to the wiring diagrams
provided with the heating/air conditioning unit. The connections must be made as indicated on the following diagrams and the wiring diagrams, Figure 11 and Figure
12.
Note: On units with 2-stage cooling or heat pump,
terminal Y1 must be used. When Y1 on the electronic
control receives a 24 VAC signal, the airflow is reduced by 20%. Do not use termninal Y1 with a single
stage cooling or heat pump.
7
2.5 INSTALLATION OF THE
BURNER
2.6 VENTING
Refer to the burner manufacturer’s instructions. Also,
the burner must be installed always in the same way
independently of the furnace orientation.
1. Position the mounting gasket between the mounting flange and the burner mounting plate. Align the
holes in the burner mounting plate with the studs
on the mounting flange and bolt securely in place.
2. Remove the burner drawer assembly or the air tube
assembly;
3. Install the nozzle (refer to Technical Specifications
in Table 6);
4. Check the electrode settings;
5. Make the electrical connections;
6. Complete oil line connections.
2.5.1 Nozzles
WARNING
PO ISONO US CARBO N M ONOX IDE GAS, FIR E A ND EX-
PL OSION HA ZARD.
Read and follow all instructions in this section.
Never install a hand operated damper in the vent
pipe. However, any Underwriters Laboratories
listed, electrically operated automatic type vent
damper may be installed if desired. Be sure to
follow the instructions provided with vent damper.
Also, read and follow all instructions in this section of the manual.
Failure to properly vent this furnace or other appliances can result in death, bodily injury and/or
property damage.
To ensure the safe and proper functioning of an oil
furnace, it must always be connected to a flue with sufficient draft or to an approved side-wall venting system.
In addition, it is strongly recommended to perform a
complete inspection of all the existing venting systems.
2.6.1 Masonry chimney
The burner comes equipped with an appropriate nozzle.
However, if another size or a replacement nozzle is
required, use the manufacturer’s recommended spray
angle and type as shown in Table 6 and based on a
pump pressure of 100 psi.
Always select nozzle sizes by working back from the
desired flow rate at operating pressure and not the
nozzle marking.
2.5.2 Air and Turbulator Settings
Before starting the burner for the first time, adjust the
air and turbulator settings to those listed in this manual
(Table 6). Once the burner becomes operational, final
adjustments will be required. Refer to the section 3 of
this manual.
2.5.3 Post purge delay adjustment
The post purge delay on the oil-fired burners is factory
set to zero second. This delay is applicable for all installations with chimney venting. For heating units installed
with side wall venting and a burner equipped with this feature, the post purge delay must be set to 15 seconds. No
delay is required for Riello burners. Refer to the burner
control instruction manual and markings for proper adjustment of the post purge delay.
This furnace can be vented into an existing masonry
chimney. However, the unit must not be vented into a
chimney into which a solid fuel burning furnace is already
being vented.
Before venting this furnace into a chimney, its condition
must be checked and repairs made, if necessary. Also,
the chimney lining and dimensions must conform to local
and national codes.
2.6.2 Factory-built chimneys
Oil fired furnaces are approved for use with “L” type
vents. The unit may also be used with an approved
chimney of proper dimensions and temperature ratings
as specified in the installation code. Refer to chimney
manufacturer’s instructions for proper installation.
2.6.3 Draft regulator
It is recommended that a draft regulator be installed in
cases where the draft is either high or variable due to
external conditions. Follow the instructions provided with
the regulator.
2.6.4 Side wall venting
The heating unit is approved for side-wall venting.
This system includes model VTK-54 / VTK-098 /
8
KLAVT0101DET side-wall venter and a 4” insulated vent
pipe, model IFV-410 / IFV098-10 / KLAFV0101DET, IFV420 / IFV098-20 / KLAFV0201DET. Refer to the installation instructions provided with the venting system.
2.7 BLOCKED VENT SHUT-OFF DEVICE (BVSO) FOR CHIMNEY VENTING
CAUTION
It is imperative that this device be installed by a qualified service technician.
A positive pressure venting system (Sealed Combustion System or Direct Vent) MUST NOT use the BVSO.
Follow the instructions supplied with the venting system.
This device is designed to detect the insufficient evacuation of combustion gases in the
event of a vent blockage. In such a case the
thermal switch will shut down the oil burner.
The device will then need to be re-armed MANUALLY.
Refer to the detailed instructions and wiring diagrams
supplied with the BVSO for the installation and wiring
procedures. The length of wires supplied with the unit
is such that the safety device must be installed between
the flue outlet of the appliance and the draft regulator, as
indicated in the instructions.
It is also essential that the BVSO be maintained annually.
For more details refer to the instructions supplied with
the device itself, as well as in section 4 of this Manual.
2.8 COMBUSTION AIR SUPPLY AND VENTILATION
WARNING
PO ISONO US CAR BO N MONOX IDE GA S HAZARD.
Comply with NFPA 31 (U.S.) and CSA B139
(Canada) standards for the installation of Oil Burning Equipment and applicable provisions of local
building codes to provide combustion and ventilation air.
Failure to provide adequate combustion and ventilation air can result in death, bodily injury and/or
property damage.
Oil furnaces must have an adequate supply of combustion air. It is common practice to assume that older
homes have sufficient infiltration to accommodate the
combustion air requirement for the furnace. However,
home improvements such as new windows, doors, and
weather stripping have drastically reduced the volume of
air infiltration into the home.
Refer to oil furnace installation codes relative to combustion and ventilation air requirements. Consult Section
2.1.1 in this manual, specifically for units installed in an
enclosed space.
Home air exhausters are common. Bathroom and
kitchen fans, power vented clothes dryers and water
heaters all tend to create a negative pressure condition in
the home. Should this occur the chimney becomes less
and less effective and can easily downdraft. In certain
cases, mechanically supplied air, by way of a blower, interlocked with the unit, is necessary. It is the installer’s
responsibility to check that.
2.7.1 BVSO Functional Test
The purpose of the following test is only to check that the
electrical outlet on the furnace, designated to the BVSO,
is functional only.
1. Start up the burner;
2. Remove the three-pole plug from the BVSO outlet
on the furnace;
3. The burner must shut-off immediately, while the
blower continues to run to the end of the cool-down
cycle.
If the test is not in line with the above, call a QUALIFIED
SERVICE TECHNICIAN.
9
2.8.1 Contaminated Combustion Air
Installations in certain areas or types of structures will increase the exposure to chemicals or halogens that may
harm the furnace. These conditions will require that only
outside air be used for combustion.
The following areas or types of structures may contain or
be exposed to certain substances, potentially requiring
outside air for combustion:
1. Commercial buildings;
2. Buildings with indoor pools;
3. Furnaces installed near chemical storage areas.
Exposure to the following substances:
a) Permanent wave chemicals for hair;
b) Chlorinated waxes and cleaners;
requires a two stage pump and a rise greater than 4.9 m
(16’) an auxiliary pump. Follow the pump instructions to
determine the size of pipe needed in relation to the rise
or to the horizontal distance.
2.9 DUCTING
WARNING
PO ISONO US CAR BO N MONOX IDE GA S HAZARD.
DO NOT draw return air from inside a closet or utility room. Return air MUST be sealed to the furnace
casing.
Failure to properly seal ducts can result in death,
bodily injury and/or property damage.
c) Chlorine based swimming pool chemicals;
d) Water softening chemicals;
e) De-icing salts or chemicals;
f) Carbon Tetrachloride;
g) Halogen type refrigerants;
h) Cleaning solvents (such as perchloroethylene);
i) Printing inks, paint removers, varnishes, etc. ;
j) Hydrochloric acid;
k) Solvent based glue;
l) Antistatic fabric softeners for clothes dryers;
m) Acid based masonry cleaning materials.
2.8.2 Burner with Outdoor Combustion Air Kit
Some burners are designed to function with combustion
air taken directly from the outside. Follow the instructions
provided with the burner, the fresh-air supply kit or the
side-wall venting kit.
Check your local codes for the installation of the oil tank
and accessories.
At the beginning of each heating season or once a year,
check the complete oil distribution system for leaks.
Ensure that the tank is full of clean oil. Use No.1 or No.2
Heating Oil (ASTM D396 U.S.) or in Canada, use No.1
or No.2 Furnace Oil.
A manual shut-off valve and an oil filter shall be installed
in sequence from tank to burner. Be sure that the oil
line is clean before connecting to the burner. The oil line
should be protected to eliminate any possible damage.
Installations where the oil tank is below the burner level
must employ a two-pipe fuel supply system with an
appropriate fuel pump. A rise of 2.4 m (8’) and more
The ducting must be designed and installed according to
approved methods, local and national codes as well as
good trade practices.
When ducting supplies air to a space other than where
the furnace is located, the return air must be sealed
and also be directed to the space other than where the
furnace is located.
2.9.1 Air filter
A properly sized air filter must be installed on the return
air side of the unit. Refer to the Technical Specifications
in Table 6, for the correct dimensions. Also refer to Section 2.2 and the instructions supplied with the filter.
2.10 SUPPLY AIR ADJUSTMENTS (4 SPEED MOTORS)
On units equipped with 4-speed blower motors, the
supply air must be adjusted based on heating/air conditioning output and the static pressure of the duct
system. For the desired air flow refer to Table 1 as well
as the table 8 based on static pressure in the Technical
Specifications section of this manual.
Figure 8 – Blower “OFF” delay - Board #ST9103A
10
To effect the adjustment, the RED (for heating) and
Carte#1158 Board
BLUE (for cooling and heat pump) wires can be changed
on the motor. Also, refer to the position of the wires on
the electronic board of the unit and consult the wiring
diagrams. If the heating and air conditioning speeds are
the same, the RED wire must be moved to “UNUSED
LEADS” on the electronic board and the jumper provided
with the BLUE wire must be used between the “HEAT”
Figure 9 – Blower Start/Stop Delays - Board#1158
and “COOL” terminals.
The blower start/stop delays can be adjusted by positioning the DIP switches on the electronic board as
shown in the following figures. For upflow installation,
the recommended blower ON delay is 60 seconds and
blower OFF delay 2 minutes.
Table 1 – Blower speed adjustments, 4-speed motor
FURNACE
APPLICATION
HEATING
A/C
HEATING OR A/C
OUTPUT
0.68 USGPH MED-LOW
0.80 USGPH MED-HIGH
2.0 TONS LOW
2.5 TONS MED-LOW
3.0 TONS MED-HIGH
3.5 TONS HIGH
RECOMMENDED
BLOWER SPEED
11
2.11 SUPPLY AIR ADJUSTMENTS (ECM VARIABLE SPEED MOTORS)
On units equipped with ECM variable speed blower motors, the air supply must be adjusted based on heating/air
conditioning output. The start/stop delays of the blower
must also be adjusted by positioning the DIP switches on
the electronic board.
Refer to the following tables, airflow tables and the wiring
diagram in this manual for the proper settings:
Table 2 – Airflow adjustments heating mode
SW1-HEAT
DIP Switch Positions
1 2 POSITION
OFF OFF A
ON OFF B
OFF ON C*
ON ON D*
*Alternate adjustments for both input rate (refer to air
flow tables)
Table 4 – Airflow adjustments heating mode
SW3-ADJ (Adjustment)
DIP Switch Positions
1 2 POSITION
OFF OFF A
ON OFF B
OFF ON C
ON ON D
CFM HT G. CFM A/G.
% Increase % Increase
or decrease or decrease
0% 0%
10% 10%
-10% -10%
N/A 0%
INPUT
USGPH
0.63
0.80
0.68
0.80
Table 3 – Airflow adjustments air conditioning
mode
SW2-COOL
DIP Switch Positions
1 2 POSITION
OFF OFF A
ON OFF B
OFF ON C
ON ON D
Table 5 – Delay adjustments heating mode
SW4-Delay
DIP Switch Positions
1 2 POSITION
OFF OFF A
ON OFF B
OFF ON C
ON ON D
INPUT
USGPH
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
INPUT
USGPH
0.68
0.80
ALL
ALL
2.12 INSTALLATION OF ACCESSORIES
WARNING
EL ECTRI CAL SHOC K HAZA RD.
Turn OFF electrical power at the fuse box or service panel before making any electrical connections and ensure a proper ground connection is
made before connecting line voltage.
Failure to do so can result in death or bodily injury.
2.12.1 Humidifier (HUM)
The electronic board supplies 120 VAC for a humidifier
on the HUM terminal. It supplies 120 VAC electric power
when the burner is in operation.
A 24 VAC signal can also be supplied from the W and
C terminals on the blower electronic board to activate a
switching relay.
Also refer to the instructions supplied with the accessory.
2.12.2 Electronic Air Cleaner (EAC)
The EAC terminal on the electronic board supplies 120
VAC when the blower is operating in the heating or air
conditioning mode. This signal can be used to activate an
electronic air cleaner that is not equipped with an air flow
switch. If the cleaner is equipped with an air flow switch,
the S terminal on the PSC electronic board or one of the
120 VAC terminals on the ECM electronic board can be
used to provide a constant supply of 120 VAC.
Also refer to the instructions supplied with the accessory.
12
2.12.3 Air Conditioner (or Heat Pump)
An air conditioning coil may be installed on the supply air
side ONLY.
Before starting up the unit, be sure to check that
the following items are in compliance:
1) The electrical installation, the oil supply system, the
venting system, combustion air supply and ventilation;
WARNING
PO ISONO US CAR BO N MONOX IDE GA S HAZARD.
Install the evaporator coil on the supply side of the
furnace ducting ONLY.
An evaporator coil installed on the return air side
of the ducting can cause condensation to form
inside the heat exchanger, resulting in heat exchanger failure. This in turn, can result in death,
bodily injury and/or property damage.
A clearance of 15 cm (6") is required between the bottom
of the coil drain pan and the top of the heat exchanger.
If a heat pump is installed, a “dual-energy” thermostat,
or other control is required, in order to prevent the simultaneous operation of the furnace and the heat pump. It
also prevents a direct transition from heating by way of
the heat pump to heating with oil. Refer to the thermostat instructions or those of another control used for the
proper wiring.
If a coil blower compartment is used, install air tight, motorized and automatic air dampers. Cold air coming from
the coil and passing across the furnace can cause condensation and shorten the life of the heat exchanger.
2) The blower access door is in place and the blower
rail locking screws are well tightened;
3) The Blocked Vent Shut-Off (BVSO) is installed according to instructions (for chimney venting);
4) The oil supply valve is open;
5) The burner ‘’Reset” button is well pushed in or rearmed;
6) The preliminary air adjustments on the burner comply with the technical specifications in this manual;
7) The blower speed adjustments for heating and air
conditioning are appropriate and according to the
specifications in this manual;
8) The blower start/stop delays are satisfactory;
9) The thermostat of the room is in the heating mode
and is set higher than the ambient temperature.
To start the unit, turn the main electrical switch on.
3.2 OPERATING SEQUENCE OIL
2.12.4 Emergency Heating Mode - variable speed Motor (ECM)
If the ECM blower motor is defect and that no spare are
available right away, you can temporarily replace it with a
conventional fractional PSC blower motor. Connect neutral wire to neutral terminal on the control panel of the
machine and the hot line to the EAC terminal. This one
is working as long as heating or cooling is requested, and
the blower will work until a new ECM motor is installed.
CAUTION
We recommend to use this mode only for a short period of time since it affects the efficiency of the unit and
the user comfort..
3 OPERATION
3.1 START-UP
CAUTION
DO NOT START THE BURNER UNLESS THE
BLOWER ACCESS DOOR IS SECURED IN PLACE.
HEATING MODE
1) The W-R contact closes;
2) The burner motor starts up to pre-purge the combustion chamber for a period of 10 to 15 seconds.
During that time a spark is established on the electrodes;
3) The solenoid valve opens and a flame is established. Shortly after, the electrodes cease to spark;
4) Then the blower runs up to full speed. The delay
depends on the adjustments that were made on the
electronic board, which controls the blower motor.
Refer to Sections 2.10 and 2.11 above as well as to
the airflow tables 7 and 8 for more details.
5) When the call for heat is satisfied, the solenoid
valve closes, the flame goes out and the burner motor stops (after post purge delay, if applicable).
6) The blower stops shortly after the burner. The delay depends on the adjustments that were made on
the electronic board that controls the blower. Refer
to Sections 2.10 and 2.11 above as well as to the
airflow table 7 and 8 for more details.
Note: A detailed operating sequence of the oil burner is
outlined in the instructions provided with the burner.
13
3.3 CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENTS
3.3.1 Purging the oil line
Open the bleed port screw and start the burner. Allow
the oil to drain into a container for at least 10 seconds.
The oil should flow absolutely free of white streaks or
air bubbles to indicate that no air is being drawn into the
suction side of the oil piping and pump. Slowly close and
tighten the bleed screw. Once closed, the flame will light
up.
3.3.2 Pressure adjustment
The oil pressure must be adjusted according to the Technical Specifications of this manual. An adjustment screw
and a connection for a pressure gauge are located on
the oil pump for that purpose. Also refer to the burner
instruction manual.
5. the burner air setting to obtain a CO2 reading 1.5%
lower (or a O2 reading 2.0% higher) than the reading associated with the “trace” of smoke. Example:
12.3% of CO2 or 4.5% of O2;
6. This method of adjusting the burner will result
in clean combustion (Bacharach smoke scale between 0 and a trace) and ensure the proper functioning of the system. The optimum CO2 level is
around 12% to 13% (or 3.5% to 5.0% of O2).
3.3.4 Draft Regulator adjustment
On chimney installations only, a barometric draft regulator (supplied with the furnace) must be installed, in order
to ensure proper draft through the furnace. The barometric damper must be mounted with the hinge pins in
a horizontal position and the face of the damper vertical
for proper functioning (see instructions included with the
damper.) After the furnace has been firing for at least
five minutes, the draft regulator should be set to between
-0.025" and -0.060" W.C.
3.3.3 Combustion Check
IMPORTANT
The heat exchanger metal surfaces may have oil and
the baffle insulation also contains binders. These
products will burn or evaporate when the unit operates for the first time. Because of this, the smoke
reading may be inexact during the first minutes of
operation. Therefore, the unit must operate during
at least 60 minutes before taking any readings to adjust the combustion quality. Let the unit cool down before making any adjustments.
IMPORTANT
The combustion check verification MUST be performed after the nozzle replacement or the burner
cleaning. After these manipulations, the combustion
parameters are necessarily modified. Refer also to the
burner instruction manual.
1. Drill a test hole in the flue pipe, approximately 18
inches from the furnace breech. Insert the smoke
test probe into the hole. For installation using a
sidewall venting, use the orifice provided on the
breech plate;
2. From a cold start, let the unit operate for about 5
minutes;
3.3.5 Overfire pressure test
The overfire draft that is taken through the observation
port, located above the burner, is a measurement necessary to determine if there is a blockage in the heat exchanger or the flue pipe. Refer to the Technical Specifications in this manual for overfire pressure values. A high
pressure condition may be caused by excessive combustion air, due to the air band being too wide open, or a
lack of flue draft (chimney effect) or some other blockage, such as soot in the secondary section of the heat
exchanger or the use of an oversize nozzle input or high
pressure pump.
3.3.6 Vent Temperature Test
1. After having adjusted the burner combustion, insert
a thermometer into the test hole in the breech pipe;
2. The total vent temperature should be between 204
and 302°C (400 and 575°F). If not, check for improper air temperature rise, pump pressure, nozzle
size or a badly sooted heat exchanger.
CAUTION
Low flue gas temperature increases the risk of condensation. Adjust the total temperature at or higher
then 204°C (400°F) in order for the heat exchanger
warranty to remain in force.
3. Set the burner air setting until you have between 0
and 1 on the Bacharach Scale (or a “trace”);
4. Take a CO2 sample at the same test location where
the #1 smoke reading was taken and make note of
it. Example: 13.8% of CO2 or 2.5% of O2;
3.3.7 Supply Air Temperature Rise Test
1. Operate the burner for at least 10 minutes;
2. Measure the air temperature in the return air
plenum;
14
3. Measure the air temperature in the largest trunk
coming off the supply air plenum, just outside the
range of radiant heat from the heat exchanger. 0.3
m (12") from the plenum of the main take-off is usually sufficient;
4 MAINTENANCE
4. The temperature rise is calculated by subtracting
the return air temperature from the supply air temperature;
5. If the temperature rise is lower or exceeds the temperature specified in Table 6, change to the next
lower or higher blower speed tap, until the temperature rise falls to the target. If the excessive temperature rise cannot be increased or reduced by
changing fan speed, investigate for ductwork obstructions, dirty or improper air filter, improper firing
caused by improper pump pressure or nozzle sizing.
3.3.8 Limit control check
After operating the furnace for at least 15 minutes, restrict the return air supply by blocking the filters or the
return air register and allow the furnace to shut off on
High Limit. The burner will shut off but the blower will
continue to run.
Remove the obstruction and the burner should restart
after a few minutes. The time required for the restart also
depends on the adjustment of the blower “OFF” delay.
WARNING
EL ECTRI CAL SHOC K HAZA RD.
Turn OFF power and fuel to the furnace before any
disassembly or servicing.
Failure to do so can result in death, bodily injury
and/or property damage.
Preventive maintenance is the best way to avoid unnecessary expense and inconvenience. Have your heating
system and burner inspected by a qualified service technician at regular intervals and after extended periods of
shutdown.
To maintain the reliability and optimal performance of the
furnace, have a complete combustion check done after
the annual maintenance call. Do not attempt to repair the
furnace or its controls. Call a qualified service technician.
ALWAYS KEEP THE OIL SUPPLY VALVE SHUT OFF IF
THE BURNER IS SHUT DOWN FOR AN EXTENDED
PERIOD OF TIME.
Before calling for repair service check the following
points:
1. Check the oil tank gauge and make sure that the
valve is open;
2. Check fuses and the circuit breaker;
3.3.9 Restart after Burner Failure
1. Set the thermostat lower than room temperature;
2. Press the reset button on the burner primary control
(relay);
3. Set the thermostat higher than room temperature;
4. If the burner motor does not start or ignition fails,
turn off the disconnect switch and CALL A QUALIFIED SERVICE TECHNICIAN.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to start the burner when excess oil
has accumulated, when the furnace is full of vapour or
when the combustion chamber is hot.
3. Check if the main disconnect switch is ON ;
4. Set the thermostat above room temperature;
5. If ignition does not occur, turn off the disconnect
switch and call a qualified service technician.
When ordering replacement parts, please specify the
complete furnace model number and serial number.
4.1 CLEANING THE HEAT EXCHANGER
It is not generally necessary to clean the heat exchanger
or flue pipe every year, but it is advisable to have the
oil burner service technician check the unit before each
heating season to determine whether the cleaning or replacement of parts is necessary.
If a cleaning is necessary, the following steps should be
performed:
1. Turn OFF all utilities upstream from the furnace;
15
2. Disconnect the flue pipe;
3. Remove the flue collar panel located at the front of
the furnace;
4. Remove the heat exchanger baffles;
5. Disconnect the oil line and remove the oil burner;
6. Clean the secondary tubes and the primary cylinder with a stiff brush and a vacuum cleaner;
7. Before re-assembling the unit, the heat exchanger
and combustion chamber should be inspected to
determine if replacement is required;
8. After the cleaning, replace the heat exchanger baffles, flue collar plate and oil burner;
9. Readjust the burner for proper operation.
4.2 CLEANING THE BLOCKED
6. Clean and remove any build-up or obstruction inside the heat transfer tube;
7. Re-mount, lock and fasten the control box with the
2 screws removed in step 4;
8. Re-attach the assembly cover with the screws removed in step 2;
9. Re-establish power to the unit.
4.3 CLEANING THE BURNER HEAD
Once a year, remove the retention head and electrodes
from the drawer assembly and remove all foreign matter,
if necessary. Also clean the extremity of the burner tube,
if necessary.
VENT SHUT-OFF DEVICE
(BVSO)
For continuous safe operation, the Blocked Vent Shut-off
device (BVSO) must be inspected and maintained annually by a qualified service technician.
1. Disconnect power to the appliance;
2. Remove the two screws holding on the BVSO assembly cover;
3. Remove the cover;
4. Remove the two screws holding the control box to
the heat transfer tube assembly. Sliding the control
box in the appropriate direction will unlock it from
the heat transfer tube assembly;
5. Carefully remove any build-up from the thermal
switch surface;
CAUTION
Do not dent or scratch the surface of the thermal
switch. If the thermal switch is damaged it MUST
be replaced.
4.4 REPLACING THE NOZZLE
Change the nozzle once a year with the one specified in
Table 6.
4.5 REPLACING THE OIL FILTER
Tank Filter
The tank filter should be changed as required. Follow the
manufacturer’s instructions.
Secondary Filter
The 10 micron, or finer, filter cartridge should be changed
annually. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
4.6 CHANGING THE AIR FILTER
Dirty filters have an impact on the efficiency of the furnace and increase fuel consumption.
Air filters should be changed at least once a year. Very
dusty conditions, the presence of animal hair and the like
will require more frequent changing or cleaning.
16
5 FURNACE INFORMATION
Model: . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . Serial number: . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .
Furnace installation date: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .
Service telephone # - Day: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . Night: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dealer name and address: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
START-UP RESULTS
Nozzle: . . . . . .. . Pressure: . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . lb/po2
Burner adjustments: Primary air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
Fine air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drawer Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
% CO2: . . . . . . . . Smoke scale: . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Bacharach)
Gross stack temperature: . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . °F
Ambient temperature: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . °F
Chimney draft: . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .” W.C.
Overfire draft: . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .” W.C.
Test performed by: . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
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