IBM IC25T048ATDA05, IC25N020ATDA04, Travelstar 48GH, IC25N030ATDA04, IC25N015ATDA04 Specifications

IBM storage products - official published specifications

IBM

Hard disk drive specifications

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN

2.5 inch ATA/IDE hard disk drive

IC25N010ATDA04IC25T048ATDA05Models:
IC25N007ATDA04IC25N030ATDA04
IC25N006ATDA04IC25N020ATDA04
IC25N005ATDA04IC25N015ATDA04

IC25N012ATDA04

Revision 2.0 10 January 2002

S07N-7909-09 Publication #1530

This page intentionally left blank.

IBM

Hard disk drive specifications

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN

2.5 inch ATA/IDE hard disk drive

IC25N010ATDA04IC25T048ATDA05Models:
IC25N007ATDA04IC25N030ATDA04
IC25N006ATDA04IC25N020ATDA04
IC25N005ATDA04IC25N015ATDA04

IC25N012ATDA04

Revision 2.0 10 January 2002

S07N-7909-09 Publication #1530

1st Edition (Revision 0.1) S07N-7909-01 ( February 19, 2001) Preliminary
2nd Edition (Revision 0.2) S07N-7909-02 (April 5, 2001) Preliminary
3rd Edition (Revision 1.0) S07N-7909-03 (April 6, 2001)
4th Edition (Revision 1.1) S07N-7909-04 (April 9, 2001)
5th Edition (Revision 1.2) S07N-7909-05 (May 14, 2001) Preliminary Revision
6th Edition (Revision 1.3) S07N-7909-06 (May 15, 2001) Preliminary Revision
7th Edition (Revision 1.4) S07N-7909-07 (May 16, 2001) Preliminary Revision
8th Edition (Revision 1.5) S07N-7909-08 (May 18, 2001)
9th Edition (Revision 2.0) S07N-7909-09 (January 10, 2002)

The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such provisions are
inconsistent with local law: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS

PUBLICATION "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not allow disclaimer or express or implied warranties
in certain transactions, therefore, this statement may not apply to you.

This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make
improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this publication at any time.

It is possible that this publication may contain reference to, or information about, IBM products (machines and
programs), programming, or services that are not announced in your country. Such references or information must
not be construed to mean that IBM intends to announce such IBM products, programming, or services in your
country.

Technical information about this product is available by contacting the local IBM representative or by using the
following:

Internet: http://www.ibm.com/harddrive
IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing of

this document does not give you any license to these patents. You can send license inquiries, in writing, to the IBM
Director of Commercial Relations, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY 10577.

© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2002. All rights reserved.
Note to US Government Users—Documentation related to restricted rights—Use, duplication or disclosure is

subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

Table of contents

................................................................

.........................................................

.........................................................

...........................................................

.......................................................

...............................................

......................................................

Part 1. Functional specification

.....................................................

................................................

.............................................

..........................................

....................................................

..........................................................

....................................................

.............................................

..............................................

.............................................

.................................................

........................................................

.................................................

.........................................................

.....................................................

........................................................

.......................................................

........................................................

..................................................

..........................................

..........................................

.............................................

...............................................................

........................................................

.........................................................

..........................................

...................................................

................................................

......................................................

...........................................................

...................................................

...........................................

............................................

........................................

........................................

.......................................

.......................................

......................................

ixFigures

11.0 Introduction

11.1 Abbreviations

31.2 References

31.3 General caution

41.4 Drive handling precautions

52.0 General features

7

93.0 Fixed disk subsystem description

93.1 Control Electronics

93.2 Head disk assembly data

114.0 Fixed disk characteristics

114.1 Default logical drive parameters

114.2 Formatted capacity

124.3 Data sheet

134.4 Cylinder Allocation

164.5 Performance characteristics

164.5.1 Command overhead

174.5.2 Mechanical positioning

194.5.3 Operating modes

215.0 Data integrity

215.1 Data loss on power off

215.2 Write Cache

215.3 Equipment status

225.4 WRITE safety

225.5 Data buffer test

225.6 Error recovery

225.7 Automatic reallocation

225.7.1 Nonrecovered write errors

225.7.2 Nonrecoverable read error

225.7.3 Recovered read errors

235.8 ECC

256.0 Specification

256.1 Environment

256.1.1 Temperature and humidity

266.1.2 Magnetic fields

276.2 DC power requirements

286.2.1 Power consumption efficiency

296.3 Start up Current

316.4 Reliability

316.4.1 Data reliability

316.4.2 Failure prediction (S.M.A.R.T.)

316.4.3 Cable noise interference

316.4.4 Service life and usage condition

326.4.5 Preventive maintenance

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

iii

.....................................................

...............................................

......................................

............................................

....................................

..............................................

...........................................

...................................................

...............................................

.............................................

.................................................

...............................................

...........................................................

................................................

..............................................

....................................................

............................................

.......................................................

.....................................................

.............................................................

............................................

.................................................

.............................................

...................................................

........................................

..........................................................

.......................................

.............................................................

....................................................

......................................................

....................................................

..............................................

........................................................

..........................................................

.................................................

.....................................................

...............................................

...........................................

........................................

......................................

...............................................

.........................................

......................................

........................................

.................................................

............................................

............................................

326.4.6 Load/unload

346.5 Mechanical specifications

346.5.1 Physical dimensions and weight

346.5.2 Mounting hole locations

356.5.3 Connector and jumper description

356.5.4 Mounting orientation

366.5.5 Load/unload mechanism

376.6 Vibration and shock

376.6.1 Operating vibration

386.6.2 Nonoperating vibration

386.6.3 Operating shock

396.6.4 Nonoperating shock

406.7 Acoustics

406.7.1 Sound power level

416.7.2 Discrete tone penalty

426.8 Identification labels

426.9 Electromagnetic compatibility

426.9.1 CE Mark

426.9.2 C-Tick Mark

436.10 Safety

436.10.1 UL and CSA approval

436.10.2 IEC compliance

436.10.3 German Safety Mark

436.10.4 Flammability

436.10.5 Secondary circuit protection

436.11 Packaging

457.0 Electrical interface specifications

457.1 Cabling

457.2 Interface connector

467.3 Signal definitions

487.4 Signal descriptions

517.5 Interface logic signal levels

517.6 Reset timings

527.7 PIO timings

537.8 Multiword DMA timings

547.9 Ultra DMA timings

547.9.1 Initiating Read DMA

557.9.2 Host Pausing Read DMA

567.9.3 Host Terminating Read DMA

577.9.4 Device Terminating Read DMA

587.9.5 Initiating Write DMA

597.9.6 Device Pausing Write DMA

607.9.7 Device Terminating Write DMA

617.9.8 Host Terminating Write DMA

627.10 Drive address setting

627.11 Drive default address setting

637.12 Addressing of HDD registers

Part 2. Interface specification

............................................................

..........................................................

.........................................................

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

........................................

iv

65

678.0 General

678.1 Introduction

678.2 Terminology

..............................................

..........................................................

..............................................

...................................................

................................................

.................................................

.......................................................

...............................................

.................................................

.......................................................

....................................................

................................................

..............................................

.....................................................

........................................

......................................................

.............................................

......................................

...............................................

...................................................

...............................................

......................................

...............................................

......................................

...........................................

...................................................

.....................................

............................

..................................................

........................................................

.................................

.....................................

.............................

...........................................

................................................

.............................................

.................................................

..................................................

......................................................

.................................................

..............................................

......................................

............................................

....................

.............................................

..................................................

...................................................

.....................................................

....................................

...............................................

.................................................

...............................................

.................................

...............................

699.0 Deviations from standard

7110.0 Registers

7210.1 Alternate Status Register

7210.2 Command Register

7210.3 Cylinder High Register

7210.4 Cylinder Low Register

7310.5 Data Register

7310.6 Device Control Register

7410.7 Device/Head Register

7510.8 Error Register

7510.9 Features Register

7510.10 Sector Count Register

7610.11 Sector Number Register

7610.12 Status Register

7711.0 General operation descriptions

7711.1 Reset response

7911.1.1 Register initialization

8011.2 Diagnostic and Reset considerations

8111.3 Power-off considerations

8111.3.1 Load/Unload

8111.3.2 Emergency unload

8211.3.3 Required power-off sequence

8211.4 Sector Addressing Mode

8211.4.1 Logical CHS addressing mode

8311.5 Power management features

8311.5.1 Power Mode

8311.5.2 Power management commands

8411.5.3 Standby/Sleep command completion timing

8411.5.4 Standby timer

8411.5.5 Status

8411.5.6 Interface Capability for Power Modes

8511.5.7 Initial Power Mode at Power On

8511.6 Advanced Power Management (ABLE-3) feature

8511.6.1 Performance Idle Mode

8511.6.2 Active Idle Mode

8611.6.3 Low Power Idle Mode

8611.6.4 Transition Time

8611.7 S.M.A.R.T. Function

8611.7.1 Attributes

8611.7.2 Attribute values

8711.7.3 Attribute thresholds

8711.7.4 Threshold exceeded condition

8711.7.5 S.M.A.R.T. commands

8711.7.6 S.M.A.R.T. operation with power management modes

8711.8 Security Mode Feature Set

8811.8.1 Security Mode

8811.8.2 Security level

8811.8.3 Password

8811.8.4 Master Password Revision Code

8811.8.5 Operation example

9211.8.6 Command table

9411.9 Protected Area Function

9411.9.1 Example for operation (In LBA Mode)

9511.9.2 Set Max security extension commands

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

v

..................................

................................

.............................................

.................................

......................................................

................................................

.................................

............................

.................................................

.........................................

.................................................

..................................................

.................................................

.................................................

.........................................

.............................................

..........................................

.....................................

..............

...........

...............

...................

........................

........................................

..................................................

.....................................

.......................................

................................................

............................................

.....................................................

............................................

......................................

..................................................

...............................................

...............................................

................................................

.....................................

.............................................

........................................

...................................................

.......................................

.........................................

............................................

...........................................

..........................................

...............................................

.......................................................

..................................

.................................................

............................................

..................................................

...................................................

........................................

................................

9711.10 Address Offset Feature (vendor specific)

9711.10.1 Enable/Disable Address Offset Mode

9811.10.2 Identify Device Data

9811.10.3 Exceptions in Address Offset Mode

9911.11 Seek Overlap

10011.12 Write Cache function

10011.13 Delayed Write function (vendor specific)

10011.13.1 Enable/Disable Delayed Write command

10111.14 Reassign Function

10111.14.1 Auto Reassign Function

10312.0 Command protocol

10312.1 Data In commands

10512.2 Data Out commands

10712.3 Nondata commands

10812.4 DMA Data Transfer commands

10913.0 Command descriptions

11313.1 Check Power Mode (E5h/98h)

11413.2 Device Configuration Overlay (B1h)

11413.2.1 DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE (subcommand C0h)

11513.2.2 DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK (subcommand C1h)

11513.2.3 DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY (subcommand C2h)

11513.2.4 DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET (subcommand C3h)

11813.3 Enable/Disable Delayed Write (FAh: vendor specific)

11913.4 Execute Device Diagnostic (90h)

12013.5 Flush Cache (E7h)

12113.6 Format Track (50h: vendor specific)

12313.7 Format Unit (F7h: vendor specific)

12513.8 Identify Device (ECh)

13413.9 Identify Device DMA (EEh)

13513.10 Idle (E3h/97h)

13613.11 Idle Immediate (E1h/95h)

13713.12 Initialize Device Parameters (91h)

13813.13 Read Buffer (E4h)

13913.14 Read DMA (C8h/C9h)

14113.15 Read Long (22h/23h)

14313.16 Read Multiple (C4h)

14513.17 Read Native Max ADDRESS (F8h)

14713.18 Read Sectors (20h/21h)

14913.19 Read Verify Sectors (40h/41h)

15113.20 Recalibrate (1xh)

15213.21 Security Disable Password (F6h)

15313.22 Security Erase Prepare (F3h)

15413.23 Security Erase Unit (F4h)

15613.24 Security Freeze Lock (F5h)

15713.25 Security Set Password (F1h)

15913.26 Security Unlock (F2h)

16113.27 Seek (7xh)

16213.28 Sense Condition (F0h: vendor specific)

16313.29 Set Features (EFh)

16513.30 Set Max ADDRESS (F9h)

16713.31 Set Multiple (C6h)

16813.32 Sleep (E6h/99h)

16913.33 S.M.A.R.T. Function Set (B0h)

17013.33.1 S.M.A.R.T. Function Subcommands

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

vi

..................................

...........................

.......................................

.......................................

................................................

.................................................

.........................................

..................................................

...............................................

...............................................

................................................

.............................................

.....................................

...................................................

.........................................................

.........................................

.............................

................................................................

17413.33.2 Device Attributes Data Structure

17913.33.3 Device Attribute Thresholds data structure

18113.33.4 S.M.A.R.T. error log sector

18413.33.5 Self-test log data structure

18513.33.6 Error reporting

18613.34 Standby (E2h/96h)

18713.35 Standby Immediate (E0h/94h)

18813.36 Write Buffer (E8h)

18913.37 Write DMA (CAh/CBh)

19113.38 Write Long (32h/33h)

19313.39 Write Multiple (C5h)

19513.40 Write Sectors (30h/31h)

19613.41 Write Verify (3Ch: vendor specific)

19714.0 Time-out values

19915.0 Appendix

19915.1 Commands Support Coverage

20115.2 SET FEATURES Command Support Coverage
203Index

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

vii

This page intentionally left blank.

Figures

..............................................

..............................................

.....................................

..........................

...........................

.....................................................

....................

....................

....................

Figure 9. Cylinder allocation - 15-GB, 7.5-GB models (IC25N015ATDA04,
IC25N007ATDA04)
Figure 10. Cylinder allocation - 12-GB, 10-GB, 6-GB, 5-GB models
(IC25N012ATDA04, IC25N010ATDA04, IC25N006ATDA04,
IC25N005ATDA04,)

...............................................

..............................................

........................................

..................................

.............................................

............................................

...................................................

.................................................

................................................

......................................

..........................................

...........................................

...................................

.........................................

...........................................

......................................

.....................................

................

...........................

....................

.............................................

.................

.................................................

..............................................

............................................

.................................

.................................................

...............................

.............................................

................................................

.......................................

...............................

..........................

........................

...............

...............

...............

4Figure 1. Handling Precaution 1

4Figure 2. Handling Precaution 2
11Figure 3. Default logical drive parameters
11Figure 4. Formatted capacity by model number - (1 of 2)
12Figure 4. Formatted capacity by model number - (2 of 2)
12Figure 5. Data sheet
13Figure 6. Cylinder allocation - 48-GB model (IC25T048ATDA05)
13Figure 7. Cylinder allocation - 30-GB model (IC25N030ATDA04)
14Figure 8. Cylinder allocation - 20-GB model (IC25N020ATDA04)

14

15
16Figure 11. Performance characteristics
17Figure 12. Mechanical positioning performance
17Figure 13. Full stroke seek time
18Figure 14. Single track seek time
18Figure 15. Latency time
18Figure 16. Drive ready time
19Figure 17. Operating modes
19Figure 18. Drive ready time for all models
23Figure 19. Examples of error cases.
25Figure 20. Environmental condition
25Figure 21. Limits of temperature and humidity
26Figure 22. Magnetic flux density limits
27Figure 23. DC Power requirements
28Figure 24. Power consumption efficiency
29Figure 25. Typical current wave form at start up of IC25N048ATDA04-0
30Figure 26. Typical current wave form at start up of IC25N030ATDA04-0
30Figure 27. Typical current wave form at start up of IC25N015ATDA04-0
34Figure 28. Physical dimensions and weight
34Figure 29. Mounting hole locations for all models except 48 GB model
35Figure 30. Mounting hole locations for the 48 GB model
37Figure 31. Random vibration PSD profile breakpoints (operating)
37Figure 32. Swept sine vibration
38Figure 33. Random Vibration PSD Profile Breakpoints (nonoperating)
38Figure 34. Operating shock
39Figure 35. Nonoperating shock
40Figure 36. Weighted sound power
45Figure 37. Interface connector pin assignments
46Figure 38. Table of signals
47Figure 39. Special signal definitions for Ultra DMA
51Figure 40. System reset timings
52Figure 41. PIO cycle timings
53Figure 42. Multiword DMA cycle timings
54Figure 43. Ultra DMA cycle timing (Initiating Read)
55Figure 44. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Pausing Read)
56Figure 45. Ultra DMA cycle timing (Host Terminating Read)

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

ix

......................

..............................

.........................

......................

........................

.............................................

................................................

....................................................

..........................................

...........................................

............................................

..................................................

.................................................

.............................................

...........................................

................................................

.........................................

.................................

................................................

....................................................

.................................................

..................................................

........................

........................

...............................

....................................

.......................

...................................................

............................................

...........................................

.....................................

.............................

.................................

...................

..........................

....................................

........................

...........................

......................................

.....................................

.......................................

....................................

..................................

..................................

..................................

..................................

..................................

..................................

..................................

....................

...............................

.........................................

.................................

..........................

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

x

57Figure 46. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Terminating Read)
58Figure 47. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Initiating Write)
59Figure 48. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Pausing Write)
60Figure 49. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Terminating Write)
61Figure 50. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Terminating Write)
62Figure 51. Drive address setting
63Figure 52. I/O address map
71Figure 53. Register Set
72Figure 54. Alternate Status Register
73Figure 55. Device Control Register
74Figure 56. Device/Head Register
75Figure 57. Error Register
76Figure 58. Status Register
78Figure 59. Reset response table
79Figure 60. Default Register Values
79Figure 61. Diagnostic Codes
80Figure 62. Reset error register values
81Figure 63. Device behavior by ATA commands.
84Figure 64. Power conditions
89Figure 65. Initial setting
90Figure 66. Usual operation
91Figure 67. Password lost
92Figure 68. Command table for device lock operation (1 of 2)
93Figure 68. Command table for device lock operation (2 of 2)
95Figure 69. Set Max SET PASSWORD data content
96Figure 70. Set Max security mode transition
97Figure 71. Device address map before and after Set Feature
99Figure 72. Seek overlap

109Figure 73. Command set (1 of 2)
110Figure 73. Command set (2 of 2)
111Figure 74. Command Set (Subcommand)
113Figure 75. Check Power Mode command (E5h/98h)
114Figure 76. Device Configuration Overlay (B1h)
114Figure 77. Device Configuration Overlay Features register values
116Figure 78. Device Configuration Overlay Data structure
117Figure 79. DCO error information definition
118Figure 80. Enable/Disable Delayed Write command (FAh)
119Figure 81. Execute Device Diagnostic command (90h)
120Figure 82. Flush Cache command (E7h)
121Figure 83. Format Track command (50h)
123Figure 84. Format Unit command (F7h)
125Figure 85. Identify Device command (ECh)
126Figure 86. Identify device information (1 of 7)
127Figure 86. Identify device information (2 of 7)
128Figure 86. Identify device information (3 of 7)
129Figure 86. Identify device information (4 of 7)
130Figure 86. Identify device information (5 of 7)
131Figure 86. Identify device information (6 of 7)
132Figure 86. Identify device information (7 of 7)
133Figure 87. Number of cylinders/heads/sectors by model number
134Figure 88. Identify Device DMA command (EEh)
135Figure 89. Idle command (E3h/97h)
136Figure 90. Idle Immediate command (E1h/95h)
137Figure 91. Initialize Device Parameters command (91h)

......................................

...................................

....................................

.....................................

..................................

..................................

.............................

.......................................

..........................

...........

.............................

................................

..........................................

..............................

.............................

.................................

...................................

......................................

...........................................

..................................

.....................................

........................................

.....................................

.......................................

............................

...........................................

...................................

.................................

..........................................

..........................

................................

.......................................

..........................................

........................................

............................................

.......................................

.........................................

.....................................

............................

.....................................

..................................

...................................

....................................

.................................

...............................................

......................................

......................................

...............................

138Figure 92. Read Buffer command (E4h)
139Figure 93. Read DMA command (C8h/C9h)
141Figure 94. Read Long command (22h/23h)
143Figure 95. Read Multiple command (C4h)
145Figure 96. Read Native Max ADDRESS (F8h)
147Figure 97. Read Sectors command (20h/21h)
149Figure 98. Read Verify Sectors command (40h/41h)
151Figure 99. Recalibrate command (1xh)
152Figure 100. Security Disable Password command (F6h)
152Figure 101. Password Information for Security Disable Password command
153Figure 102. Security Erase Prepare command (F3h)
154Figure 103. Security Erase Unit command (F4h)
154Figure 104. Erase Unit information
156Figure 105. Security Freeze Lock command (F5h)
157Figure 106. Security Set Password command (F1h)
158Figure 107. Security Set Password information
159Figure 108. Security Unlock command (F2h)
160Figure 109. Security Unlock information
161Figure 110. Seek command (7xh)
162Figure 111. Sense Condition Command (F0h)
163Figure 112. Set Features command (EFh)
165Figure 113. Set Max ADDRESS (F9h)
167Figure 114. Set Multiple command (C6h)
168Figure 115. Sleep command (E6h/99h)
169Figure 116. S.M.A.R.T. Function Set command (B0h)
171Figure 117. Log sector addresses
174Figure 118. Device Attribute Data Structure
175Figure 119. Individual Attribute Data Structure
176Figure 120. Status Flag definitions
179Figure 121. Device Attribute Thresholds Data Structure
180Figure 122. Individual Threshold Data Structure
181Figure 123. S.M.A.R.T. error log sector
182Figure 124. Error log data structure
182Figure 125. Command data structure
183Figure 126. Error data structure
184Figure 127. Self-test log data structure
185Figure 128. S.M.A.R.T. Error Codes
186Figure 129. Standby command (E2h/96h)
187Figure 130. Standby Immediate command (E0h/94h)
188Figure 131. Write Buffer command (E8h)
189Figure 132. Write DMA command (CAh/CBh)
191Figure 133. Write Long command (32h/33h)
193Figure 134. Write Multiple command (C5h)
195Figure 135. Write Sectors command (30h/31h)
197Figure 136. Time-out values
199Figure 137. Command coverage (1 of 2)
200Figure 137. Command coverage (2 of 2)
201Figure 138. SET FEATURES command coverage

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

xi

This page intentionally left blank.

1.0 Introduction

This document describes the specifications of the IBM Travelstar 2.5-inch, ATA/IDE interface hard disk
drive with the following model numbers:

! IC25T048ATDA05 (48 GB)
! IC25N030ATDA04 (30 GB)
! IC25N020ATDA04 (20 GB)
! IC25N015ATDA04 (15 GB)
! IC25N012ATDA04 (12 GB)
! IC25N010ATDA04 (10 GB)
! IC25N007ATDA04 (7.5 GB)
! IC25N006ATDA04 (6 GB)
! IC25N005ATDA04 (5 GB)

Part 1 of this document defines the hardware functional specification. Part 2 of this document defines the
interface specification.

Note: These specifications are subject to change without notice.

1.1 Abbreviations

MeaningAbbreviation

32 x 1024 bytes32 KB
64 x 1024 bytes64 KB
inch"
ampA
alternating currentAC
Advanced TechnologyAT
Advanced Technology AttachmentATA
unit of sound powerBels
Basic Input/Output SystemBIOS
degrees Celsius°C
degrees Celsius per hour°C/Hour
Canadian Standards AssociationCSA
Canadian-Underwriters LaboratoryC-UL
cylinderCyl
direct currentDC
Drive Fitness TestDFT
Direct Memory AccessDMA
error correction codeECC
European Economic CommunityEEC
electromagnetic compatibilityEMC
Error Recovery ProcedureERP
electrostatic dischargeESD
Federal Communications CommissionFCC
field replacement unitFRU
gravity, a unit of forceG
1 000 000 000 bitsGb
1 000 000 000 bytesGB

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

1

2

/Hz

1 000 000 000 bits per square inchGb/sq.in.
(32 ft/sec)

2

per HertzG
groundGND
hexadecimalh
head disk assemblyHDA
hard disk driveHDD
hertzHz
InputI
integrated lead suspensionILS
impedanceimped
Input/OutputI/O
International Standards OrganizationISO
1,000 bytesKB
1,000,000 bits per secondMbits/sec
1,000 Bit Per InchKbpi
kilogram (force)-centimeterkgf-cm
kilohertzKHz
logical block addressingLBA
unit of A-weighted sound powerLw
meterm
maximummax. or Max.
1,000,000 bytesMB
1,000,000 Bit per secondMbps
1,000,000 Bit per secondMb/sec
1,000,000 bytes per secondMB/sec
1,000 ,00 bits per square inchMb/sq.in.
megahertzMHz
Machine Level ControlMLC
millimetermm
millisecondms
microsecondus
numberNo. or #
oscillations per minuteoct/min
OutputO
Open DrainOD
Programmed Input/OutputPIO
power on hoursPOH
populationPop.
part numberP/N
peak-to-peakp-p
power spectral densityPSD
radiated electromagnetic susceptiblityRES
radio frequency interferenceRFI
relative humidityRH
per cent relative humidity% RH
root mean squareRMS
revolutions per minuteRPM
resetRST
read/writeR/W
secondsec
sectors per trackSect/Trk
secondary low voltageSELV
Self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technologyS.M.A.R.T
tracks per inchTPI

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

2

trackTrk.
transistor-transistor logicTTL
Underwriters LaboratoryUL
voltV
Verband Deutscher ElectrotechnikerVDE
wattW
transistor-transistor tristate logic3-state

1.2 References

! ATA/ATAPI-5 (T13/1321D Revision 3)

1.3 General caution

! Do not apply force to the top cover (See the figure title "Handling Precaution 1" on page 4).

! Do not cover the breathing hole on the top cover (See the figure title "Handling Precaution 2" on

page 4).

! Do not touch the interface connector pins or the surface of the printed circuit board.

! The drive can be damaged by shock or ESD (Electric Static Discharge). Any damages incurred to the

drive after removing it from the shipping package and the ESD protective bag are the responsibility of
the user.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

3

1.4 Drive handling precautions

Do not press on the drive cover during handling.

Figure

Figure 2. Handling Precaution 2

. Handling Precaution 1

1

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

4

2.0 General features

! Height MCC Compliance

- 2.5 inch form factor

- height of 12.5 ± 0.2 mm (48 GB model) and 9.5 ± 0.2 mm (all other models)

! Capacities of 48 GB, 30 GB, 20 GB, 15 GB, 12 GB, 10 GB, 7.5 GB, 6 GB, and 5 GB

! 512 bytes/sector

! Ultra ATA/100 (Enhanced IDE) conforming to ATA-5

! Integrated controller

! No ID recording format

! Coding: 96/104 MTR

! Multizone recording

" Enhanced ECC on-the-fly

- 40 bytes 3 way Interleaved Reed Solomon Code

- 5 bytes per interleave on-the-fly correction

! Segmented Buffer with write cache

- 2 MB - Upper 242 KB is used for firmware (48 GB, 30 GB, and 20 GB models)

- 512 KB - Upper 165 KB is used for firmware (all other models)

! Fast data transfer rate (up to 100 MB/sec)

! Media data transfer rate - 280/254 (outer zone) - 155/141 (inner zone) Mb/sec

! Average seek time 12 ms for read

! Closed-loop actuator servo (Embedded Sector Servo)

! Rotary voice coil motor actuator

! Load/Unload mechanism

! Mechanical latch

! Adaptive power save control

- 0.9 W at idle state (48 GB models)

- 0.65 W at idle state (all other models)

! Power on to ready

- 5.0 sec (48 GB model)

- 3.0 sec (all other models)

! Nonoperating Shock

- 700 G 1 ms (48 GB model)

- 800 G 1 ms (all other models)

! Operating Shock

- 150 G 2 ms (48 GB model)

- 180 G 2 ms (all other models)

AddressOffset Feature to support DFT implementation

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

5

Note: Mounting screw position is

# Incompatible with DBOA, DMCA, DCRA, DSOA, and DPRA models

# Compatible with DTNA, DLGA, DDLA, DTCA, DPLA, DYKA, DYLA, DADA, DKLA, DBCA, DCXA,

DCYA, DARA, and DJSA models

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

6

Part 1. Functional specification

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

7

This page intentionally left blank.

3.0 Fixed disk subsystem description

3.1 Control Electronics

The control electronics works with the following functions:

! AT Interface Protocol

! Embedded Sector Servo

! No-ID formatting

! Multizone recording

! Code: 96/104 MTR

! ECC on-the-fly

! Enhanced Adaptive Battery Life Extender

3.2 Head disk assembly data

The following technologies are used in each model:

! Pico Slider

! Smooth glass disk

! GMR head

! Integrated lead suspension (ILS)

! Load/unload mechanism

! Mechanical latch

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

9

This page intentionally left blank.

4.0 Fixed disk characteristics

4.1 Default logical drive parameters

The following table lists the default logical drive parameters by drive model number.

Model

Figure 3. Default logical drive parameters

Capacity

(GB)

Word 1

4.2 Formatted capacity

Physical Layout

Logical Layout

Number of Sectors/
Track

Total Logical Data
Bytes

(Cyl)

Word 3

(Head)

Word 6

(Sect/Trk)

Word
60–61
(LBA)

Customer

Usable

Data Bytes

48,004,669,440596A690h631616,38348IC25T048ATDA05-0

30,005,821,44037E3E40h631616,38330IC25N030ATDA04-0

20,003,880,9602542980h631616,38320IC25N020ATDA04-0

15,103,033,3441C21B00h631616,38315IC25N015ATDA04-0

12,072,517,632167CA00h631616,38312IC25N012ATDA04-0

10,056,130,56012BB230h631616,38310IC25N010ATDA04-0

7,501,455,360DF8F90h631515,5047.5IC25N007ATDA04-0

6,007,357,440B30880h631512,4166IC25N006ATDA04-0

5,000,970,240950A60h631510,3365IC25N005ATDA04-0

15 GB model20 GB model30 GB model48 GB modelDescription

512512512512Bytes per Sector

336–640320–600336–640288–512Sectors per Track

2348Number of Heads
1224Number of Disks

16161616Number of Heads

63636363

16,38316,38316,38316,383Number of Cylinders

29,498,11239,070,08058,605,12093,759,120Number of Sectors

15,103,033,34420,003,880,96030,005,821,44048,004,669,440

Figure 4. Formatted capacity by model number - (1 of 2)

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

11

Physical Layout

Logical Layout

Number of Sectors/
Track

Total Logical Data
Bytes

Figure 4. Formatted capacity by model number - (2 of 2)

4.3 Data sheet

Interface transfer rate (MB/sec)
ULTRA DMA mode 5

5 GB model6 GB model7.5 GB model10 GB model12 GB modelDescription

512512512512512Bytes per Sector

280–540280–540336–640280–540280–540Sectors per Track

11122Number of Heads
11111Number of Disks

1616161616Number of Heads

6363636363

16,38316,38316,38316,38316,383Number of Cylinders

9,767,52011,733,12014,651,28019,640,88023,579,136Number of Sectors

5,000,970,2406,007,357,4407,501,455,36010,056,130,56012,072,517,632

Model Capacity (GB)

12/10/6/52030/15/7.548

4200420042005400Rotational Speed (RPM)

105–199121–216125–235135–241Data transfer rates (Mbps) (buffer to/from media)

100100100100

444489504457Recording density (Kbpi) (Max.)

47.547.55147.5Track density (Ktpi)

20.323.225.721.7Areal density (Gb/sq.in.)(Max.)
16161616Data bands

Figure 5. Data sheet

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

12

4.4 Cylinder Allocation

48-GB model

Number of Sectors per Track CylinderZone

5120-20470
4992048-40951
4804096-61432
4806144-76793

4607680-92154
4329216-115195
41611520-135676
40313568-156157
38415616-176638
38417664-197119
36419712-2175910
35221760-2355111
33623552-2559912
32025600-2764713
28827648-2815914
28828160-2867115

Figure 6. Cylinder allocation - 48-GB model (IC25T048ATDA05)

30-GB model

Number of Sectors per Track CylinderZone

6400-7670

624768-28151
6002816-51192
6005120-63993
5766400-79354
5407936-112635
52011264-135676
50413568-156157
48015616-174078
48017408-186879
45618688-1996710
44019968-2124711
42021248-2355112
40023552-2559913
36025600-2815914
33628160-3084715

Figure 7. Cylinder allocation - 30-GB model (IC25N030ATDA04

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

)

13

20-GB model

Number of Sectors per Track CylinderZone

Figure 8. Cylinder allocation - 20-GB model (IC25N020ATDA04)

6000-20470
6002048-30711
5763072-43512
5404352-66553
5206656-89594
5048960-112635
48011264-135676
48013568-156157
45615616-171518
44017152-181759
42018176-2047910
40020480-2252711
36022528-2457512
36024576-2662313
33626624-2764714
32027648-2867115

15-GB, 7.5-GB models

Number of Sectors per Track CylinderZone

6400-7670
624768-28151
6002816-51192
6005120-63993
5766400-79354
5407936-112635
52011264-135676
50413568-156157
48015616-174078
48017408-186879
45618688-1996710
44019968-2124711
42021248-2355112
40023552-2559913
36025600-2815914
33628160-3084715

Figure 9. Cylinder allocation - 15-GB, 7.5-GB models (IC25N015ATDA04, IC25N007ATDA04)

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

14

12-GB, 10-GB, 6-GB, 5-GB models

Number of Sectors per Track CylinderZone

5400-20470
5202048-40951
5044096-58872
4805888-76793
4807680-94714
4569472-115195
44011520-133116
42013312-156157
40015616-176638
36017664-199679
36019968-2227110
33622272-2406311
32024064-2559912
30025600-2713513
30027136-2815914
28028160-2867115

Figure 10. Cylinder allocation - 12-GB, 10-GB, 6-GB, 5-GB models (IC25N012ATDA04, IC25N010ATDA04,
IC25N006ATDA04, IC25N005ATDA04,)

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

15

4.5 Performance characteristics

File performance is characterized by the following parameters:

! Command Overhead

! Mechanical Positioning

! Seek Time

! Latency

! Data Transfer Speed

! Buffering Operation (Look ahead/Write Cache)

Note: All the above parameters contribute to file performance. There are other parameters which contri-

bute to the performance of the actual system. This specification defines the essential file characteristics.
This specification does not include the system throughput as this is dependent upon the system and the
application.

The following table gives a typical value for each parameter. Detailed descriptions are found in
Section 5.0.

12 GB,
10 GB,

6 GB,

5 GB

Models

1212121212Average Random Seek Time For Read (ms)
1414141414Average Random Seek Time For Write (ms)

42004200420042005400Rotational Speed (RPM)

3.03.03.03.05.0Power-on-to-ready (sec)

1.01.01.01.01.0Command overhead (ms)

105 - 199125 - 235121 - 216125 - 235135 - 241Disk-buffer data transfer (Mb/s)

100100100100100Buffer-host data transfer (MB/s)

Function

48 GB
Model

30 GB
Model

20 GB
Model

15 GB,

7.5 GB

Models

Figure 11. Performance characteristics

4.5.1 Command overhead

Command overhead time is defined as the interval from the time that a drive receives a command to the
time that the actuator starts its motion.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

16

4.5.2 Mechanical positioning

1714Write

1612Read

Max (ms)

Typical (ms)

Command Type

requirements" on page 27.)

Average of the drive population tested at nominal environmental and voltage conditions.

31.0

24.0

Write

30.0

23.0

Read

Max. (ms)

Typical (ms)

Command Type

4.5.2.1 Average seek time (including settling)

Figure 12. Mechanical positioning performance

Typical and Max are defined throughout the performance specification as follows:

Typical
Max

Maximum value measured on any one drive over the full range of the environmental and
voltage conditions. (See Section 6.1, "Environment" on page 25 and Section 6.2, "DC power

The seek time is measured from the start of motion of the actuator to the start of a reliable read or write
operation. A reliable read or write operation implies that error correction/recovery is not employed to cor­rect arrival problems. The Average Seek Time is measured as the weighted average of all possible seek
combinations.

max.

Weighted Average =

Σ (max. + 1 – n)(Tn

n=1

___________________________________________________

(max. + 1)(Tnin + Tn

+ Tn

in

out

)

out

)

Where: max. = maximum seek length
n = seek length (1 to max)
Tn
Tn

= inward measured seek time for an n-track seek

in

= outward measured seek time for an n-track seek

out

4.5.2.2 Full stroke seek

Figure 13. Full stroke seek time

Full stroke seek time in milliseconds is the average time of 1000 full stroke seeks.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

17

4.5.2.3 Single track seek time (without command overhead, including settling)

Maximum (ms)Typical (ms)Command Type

4.02.5Read

4.53.0Write

Figure 14. Single track seek time

Single track seek is measured as the average of one (1) single track seek from every track in both
directions (inward and outward).

4.5.2.4 Average latency

Model

Figure 15. Latency time

4.5.2.5 Drive ready time

Figure 16. Drive ready time

Ready

The condition in which the drive is able to perform a media access command
(for example—read, write) immediately.

This includes the time required for the internal self diagnostics.Power On To Ready

Rotational Speed

(RPM)

Time/1 revolution

(ms)

Average

Latency

(ms)

5.511.1540048 GB model

7.114.34200All other models

Max. (sec)Typical (sec)ModelCondition

9.55.048 GB modelPower On To Ready

9.53.0All other modelsPower On To Ready

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

18

4.5.3 Operating modes

9.5

1.8

Idle

Standby

(seconds)

(seconds)

Operating mode Description

Spin-Up Start up time period from spindle stop or power down.
Seek Seek operation mode
Write Write operation mode
Read Read operation mode
Performance The device is capable of responding immediately to idle media access requests

All electronic components remain powered and the full frequency servo remains
operational.

Active idle The device is capable of responding immediately to media access requests.

Some circuitry—including servo system and R/W electronics—is in power saving
mode.

The head is parked near the mid-diameter the disk without servoing.
A device in Active idle mode may take longer to complete the execution of a

command because it must activate that circuitry.

Low power idle The head is unloaded onto the ramp position. The spindle motor is rotating at full

speed.

Standby The device interface is capable of accepting commands. The spindle motor is

stopped. All circuitry but the host interface is in power saving mode. The
execution of commands is delayed until the spindle becomes ready.

Sleep The device requires a soft reset or a hard reset to be activated. All electronics,

including spindle motor and host interface, are shut off.

Figure 17. Operating modes

4.5.3.1 Mode transition time

ToFrom

Figure 18. Drive ready time for all models

Transition Time

(typ)

Transition Time

(max.)

4.5.3.2 Operating mode at power on

The device goes into Idle mode after power on or hard reset as an initial state. Initial state may be
changed to Standby mode using pin C on the interface connector. Refer to Section 7.10, "Drive address
setting" on page 62 for details.

4.5.3.3 Adaptive power save control

The transient timing from Performance Idle mode to Low Power Idle is controlled adaptively according to
the access pattern of the host system in order to reduce the average power dissipation.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

19

This page intentionally left blank.

5.0 Data integrity

5.1 Data loss on power off

! Data loss will not be caused by a power off during any operation but the write operation.

! A power off during a write operation causes the loss of any received or resident data that has not

been written onto the disk media.

! A power off during a write operation can possibly make a maximum of one sector of data unreadable.

This state can be recovered by a rewrite operation.

5.2 Write Cache

When the write cache is enabled the write command may complete before the actual disk write operation
finishes. This means that a power off, even after the write command completion, could cause the loss of
data that the drive has received but not yet written onto the disk.

In order to prevent this data loss, confirm the completion of the actual write operation prior to the power off
by issuing a

! Soft reset

! Hard reset

! Flush Cache command

! Standby command

! Standby Immediate command

! Sleep command

Confirm the completion of the command.

5.3 Equipment status

The equipment status is available to the host system whenever the drive is not ready to read, write, or
seek. This status normally exists at the power-on time and will be maintained until the following conditions
are satisfied:

! The access recalibration/tuning is complete.

! The spindle speed meets the requirements for reliable operation.

! The self-check of the drive is complete.

The appropriate error status is made available to the host system if any of the following conditions occur
after the drive has become ready:

! The spindle speed lies outside the requirements for reliable operation.

! The occurrence of a Write Fault condition.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

21

5.4 WRITE safety

The drive ensures that the data is written into the disk media properly. The following conditions are
monitored during a write operation. When one of these conditions exceeds the criteria, the write operation
is terminated and the automatic retry sequence is invoked.

! Head off track

! External shock

! Low supply voltage

! Spindle speed out of tolerance

! Head open/short

5.5 Data buffer test

The data buffer is tested at power on reset and when a drive self-test is requested by the host. The test
consists of a write/read '00'x and 'ff'x pattern on all buffers.

5.6 Error recovery

Errors occurring on the drive are handled by the error recovery procedure.

Errors that are uncorrectable after application of the error recovery procedure are reported to the host
system as nonrecoverable errors.

5.7 Automatic reallocation

The sectors that show some errors may be reallocated automatically when specific conditions are met.
The drive does not report any auto reallocation to the host system. The conditions for auto reallocation are
described below.

5.7.1 Nonrecovered write errors

When a write operation cannot be completed after the Error Recovery Procedure (ERP) is fully carried out,
the sector or sectors are reallocated to the spare location. An error is reported to the host system only
when the write cache is disabled and the auto reallocation has failed.

5.7.2 Nonrecoverable read error

When a read operation fails after the ERP is fully carried out, a hard error is reported to the host system.
This location is registered internally as a candidate for the reallocation. When a registered location is
specified as a target of a write operation, a sequence of media verification is performed automatically.
When the result of this verification meets the required criteria, this sector is reallocated.

5.7.3 Recovered read errors

When a read operation for a sector fails and is recovered at the specific ERP step, the sector is reallo­cated automatically. A media verification sequence may be run prior to the reallocation according to the
predefined conditions.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

22

5.8 ECC

The 40-byte three interleaved ECC processor provides user data verification and correction capability.
The first 4 bytes of ECC are check bytes for user data and the other 36 bytes are Read Solomon ECC.
Each interleave has 12 bytes for ECC. Hardware logic corrects up to 15 bytes (5 bytes for each interleave)
errors on-the-fly.

Following are some examples of error cases. An "O" means that the byte contains no error. An "X" means
that at least one bit of the byte is bad.

On The Fly correctable

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Byte # 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Interleave

A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C

Error byte # for
each interleave

A B

C

Error pattern
Error pattern

Uncorrectable

Byte # 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Interleave

Error pattern
Error pattern

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O O O

X X X X X X X X X O O O X X X X X X

A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O O

X O O X O O X O O X O O X O O X O O

Figure 19. Examples of error cases.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

5

5

5

Error byte # for
each interleave

A

6

6

5

5 5

C

B

5

5

0 0

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

23

This page intentionally left blank.

6.0 Specification

6.1 Environment

6.1.1 Temperature and humidity

Operating conditions

Temperature
Relative humidity
Maximum wet bulb temperature
Maximum temperature gradient
Altitude

Non operating conditions

Temperature
Relative humidity
Maximum wet bulb temperature
Maximum temperature gradient
Altitude

Figure 20. Environmental condition

Note: The system is responsible for providing sufficient air movement to maintain surface temperatures

below 60°C at the center of the top cover and below 63°C at the center of the drive circuit board assembly.

5 to 55°C (See Note)
8 to 90% noncondensing

29.4°C noncondensing
20°C/hour
–300 to 3048 m (10,000 ft)

–40 to 65°C
5 to 95% noncondensing
40°C noncondensing
20°C/hour
–300 to 12,192 m (40,000 ft)

Maximum storage period with shipping package is one year.

Specification (Environment)

100

90

80

70

60

31'C/90%

Non Opera ting

50

40

Relative Humidity (%)

30

20

10

0

-45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65

Temperature (degC)

Operating

41'C/95%

Wet Bulb 40'C

Wet Bulb29.4'C

65'C/23

55'C/15

Figure 21. Limits of temperature and humidity

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

25

6.1.1.1 Corrosion test

The hard disk drive must be functional and show no signs of corrosion after being exposed to a
temperature humidity stress of 50°C/90%RH (relative humidity) for one week followed by a temperature
humidity drop to 25°C/40%RH in 2 hours.

6.1.2 Magnetic fields

The disk drive will withstand radiation and conductive noise within the limits shown below.

6.1.2.1 Radiation noise

The drive functions without experiencing degradation of the soft error rate under the following magnetic
flux density limits at the surface of the enclosure.

Limits (Gauss RMS)Frequency (KHz)

50–60

2.561–100
1101–200

0.5201–400

Figure 22. Magnetic flux density limits

6.1.2.2 Conductive noise

The disk drive functions without degradation of the soft error rate in the frequency range from DC to

current of up to 45 mA (p-p) is injected through any two of the mounting screw holes of

20 MHz when
the drive by means of a 50 Ω resistor.

AC

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

26

6.2 DC power requirements

Connection to the product should be made in isolated secondary circuits (SELV). The voltage specifica­tions are applied at the power connector of the drive.

NotesRequirementsItem

+5 Volt dcNominal Supply

–0.3 Volt to 6.0 VoltSupply Voltage

*1100 mV p-p maxPower Supply Ripple (0–20 MHz)
*2±5%Tolerance

7–100 msSupply rise time

Supply Current (+5.00 V dc case)

Population Mean

(nominal condition)

Description

Average from power on to
ready

Notes:

*1. The maximum fixed disk ripple is measured at the 5 volt input of the HDD.

*2. The disk drive shall not incur damage for an over voltage condition of +25% (maximum duration of

20 ms) on the 5 volt nominal supply.
*3. The idle current is specified at an inner track.
*4. The read/write current is specified based on three operations of 63 sector read/write per 100 ms.
*5. The seek average current is specified based on three operations per 100 ms.
*6. The worst case operating current includes motor surge.

48-GB model

(Watts typical)

30-GB & 20-GB

models

(Watts typical)

All other models

(Watts typical)

0.85 0.951.3Active Idle average

0.65 0.650.9Low Power Idle average

2.1 2.22.7Write average

0.25 0.250.25Standby

0.1 0.10.1Sleep

3.3 3.33.8

Notes

*31.85 1.852.0Performance Idle average

*42.0 2.12.5Read average

*52.3 2.32.6Seek average

*64.7 4.75.0Startup (maximum peak)

Figure 23. DC Power requirements

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

27

6.2.1 Power consumption efficiency

Capacity

Power
Consumption
Efficiency
(Watts/GB)

Figure 24. Power consumption efficiency

Note: Power consumption efficiency is calculated as Power Consumption of Low Power Idle Watt/

Capacity (GB).

5 GB6 GB7.5 GB10 GB12 GB15 GB20 GB30 GB48 GB

0.1300.1080.0870.0650.0540.0430.0330.0220.019

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

28

6.3 Start up Current

0.2 A/div

0.5 sec/div

Figure 25. Typical current wave form at start up of IC25N048ATDA04-0

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

29

0.2 A/div

0.5 sec/div

Figure 26. Typical current wave form at start up of IC25N030ATDA04-0

0.2 A/div

0.5 sec/div

Figure 27. Typical current wave form at start up of IC25N015ATDA04-0

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

30

6.4 Reliability

6.4.1 Data reliability

13

! Probability of not recovering data is 1 in 10

! ECC implementation

On-the-fly correction performed as a part of read channel function recovers up to 15 symbols of error in
1 sector (1 symbol is 8 bits).

6.4.2 Failure prediction (S.M.A.R.T.)

The drive supports Self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology (S.M.A.R.T.) function. The details
are described in Section 11.7, "S.M.A.R.T. Function" on page 86 and Section 13.33, "S.M.A.R.T. Function
Set (B0h)" on page 169.

6.4.3 Cable noise interference

To avoid any degradation of performance throughput or error when the interface cable is routed on top or
comes in contact with the HDA assembly, the drive must be grounded electrically to the system frame by
four screws. The common mode noise or voltage level difference between the system frame and power
cable ground or AT interface cable ground should be in the allowable level specified in the power
requirement section.

bits read

6.4.4 Service life and usage condition

The drive is designed to be used under the following conditions:

! The drive should be operated within specifications of shock, vibration, temperature, humidity, altitude,

and magnetic field.

! The drive should be protected from ESD.

! The breathing hole in the top cover of the drive should not be covered.

! Force should not be applied to the cover of the drive.

! The specified power requirements of the drive should be satisfied.

! The drive frame should be grounded electrically to the system through four screws.

! The drive should be mounted with the recommended screw depth and torque.

! The interface physical and electrical requirements of the drive should satisfy ATA-5.

! The power-off sequence of the drive should comply with the Section 6.4.6.2, "Required power-off

sequence."

Service life of the drive approximately 5 years or 20,000 power on hours, whichever comes first under the
following assumptions:

! Less than 333 power on hours per month.

! Seeking/Writing/Reading operation is less than 20% of power on hours.

This does not represent any warranty or warranty period. Applicable warranty and warranty period are
covered by the purchase agreement.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

31

6.4.5 Preventive maintenance

None.

6.4.6 Load/unload

The product supports a minimum of 300,000 normal load/unloads.

Load/unload is a functional mechanism of the hard disk drive. It is controlled by the drive micro code.
Specifically, unloading of the heads is invoked by the following commands:

! Hard reset

! Standby

! Standby immediate

! Sleep

Load/unload is also invoked as one of the idle modes of the drive.

The specified start/stop life of the product assumes that load/unload is operated normally, not in
emergency mode.

6.4.6.1 Emergency unload

When hard disk drive power is interrupted while the heads are still loaded the micro code cannot operate
and the normal 5 volt power is unavailable to unload the heads. In this case, normal unload is not
possible. The heads are unloaded by routing the back EMF of the spinning motor to the voice coil. The
actuator velocity is greater than the normal case and the unload process is inherently less controllable
without a normal seek current profile.

Emergency unload is intended to be invoked in rare situations. Because this operation is inherently
uncontrolled, it is more mechanically stressful than a normal unload.

The drive supports a minimum of 20,000 emergency unloads.

6.4.6.2 Required Power-Off Sequence

The required BIOS sequence for removing power from the drive is as follows:

! Step 1: Issue one of the following commands.

! Standby

! Standby immediate

! Sleep

Note: Do not use the Flush Cache command for the power off sequence because this command
does not invoke Unload.

! Step 2: Wait until the Command Complete status is returned.

In a typical case 350 ms are required for the command to finish completion; however, the BIOS time
out value needs to be 30 seconds considering error recovery time. Refer to Figure 136, "Time-out
values," on page 197.

! Step 3: Terminate power to HDD.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

32

This power-down sequence should be followed for entry into any system power-down state, system
suspend state, or system hibernation state. In a robustly designed system, emergency unload is limited
to rare scenarios, such as battery removal during operation.

6.4.6.3 Power switch design considerations

In systems that use IC25XXXXATDAxx-x consideration should be given to the design of the system
power switch.

IBM recommends that the switch operate under control of the BIOS, as opposed to being hardwired. The
same recommendation is made for cover-close switches. When a hardwired switch is turned off,
emergency unload occurs, as well as the problems cited in Section 5.1, "Data loss on power off" on
page 21 and Section 5.2, "Write Cache" on page 21.

6.4.6.4 Test considerations

Start/stop testing is classically performed to verify head/disk durability. In the case of
IC25XXXXATDAxx-x the heads do not land on the disk, so this type of test should be viewed as a test of
the load/unload function.

Start/Stop testing should be done by commands through the interface, not
Simple power cycling of IC25XXXXATDAxx-x invokes the emergency unload mechanism and subjects
the HDD to nontypical mechanical stress.

Power cycling testing may be required to test the boot-up function of the system. In this case IBM
recommends that the power-off portion of the cycle contain the sequence specified in Section 6.4.6.2,
"Required Power-Off Sequence" on page 32. If this is not done, the emergency unload function is
invoked and nontypical stress results.

by power cycling the drive.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

33

6.5 Mechanical specifications

6.5.1 Physical dimensions and weight

The following table gives the dimensions for the 2.5 inch hard disk drive form factor.

Figure 28. Physical dimensions and weight

6.5.2 Mounting hole locations

The mounting hole locations and size of the hard disk drive are shown below.

Weight (gram)Length (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)Model

155 Max.100.2±0.2569.85±0.2512.5±0.248 GB model

99 Max.100.2±0.2569.85±0.259.5±0.230 GB and 20 GB models
95 Max.100.2±0.2569.85±0.259.5±0.2All other models

Figure 29. Mounting hole locations for all models except 48 GB model

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

34

Figure 30. Mounting hole locations for the 48 GB model

6.5.3 Connector and jumper description

A jumper is used to designate the drive address as either master or slave. The jumper setting method is
described in Section 7.10, "Drive Address Setting" on page 62.

Connector specifications are included in Section 7.0, "Electrical interface specifications" beginning on
page 45.

6.5.4 Mounting orientation

The drive will operate in all axes (6 directions) and will stay within the specified error rates when tilted
±5 degrees from these positions.

Performance and error rate will stay within specification limits if the drive is operated in the other
permissible orientations from which it was formatted. Thus a drive formatted in a horizontal orientation will
be able to run vertically and vice versa.

The recommended mounting screw torque is 3.0±0.5 kgf-cm.
The recommended mounting screw depth is 3.0±0.3 mm for bottom and 3.5±0.5 mm for horizontal

mounting.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

35

The user must use appropriate screws or equivalent mounting hardware to mount the drive securely
enough to prevent excessive motion or vibration of the drive at seek operation or spindle rotation.

6.5.5 Load/unload mechanism

The head load/unload mechanism is provided to protect the disk data during shipping, movement, or
storage. Upon power down, a head unload mechanism secures the heads at the unload position. See
Section 6.6.4, "Nonoperating shock", on page 39 for additional details.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

36

6.6 Vibration and shock

5.0 x 10

5.0 x 10

1.0 x 10

1.0 x 10

8.0 x 10

8.0 x 10

1.1 x 10

1.1 x 10

2.0 x 10

2.0

1 G (5–500 Hz)

All other models

0.33 G (350–500 Hz)

(oct/min)

peak 5 to 500 to 5 Hz sine wave)

All vibration and shock measurements in this section are for hard disk drives without mounting attach­ments for the systems. The input level shall be applied to the normal drive mounting points.

Vibration tests and shock tests are to be conducted by mounting the drive to a table using the bottom four
mounting holes.

6.6.1 Operating vibration

The disk drive will operate without a hard error while being subjected to the following vibration levels.

6.6.1.1 Random vibration

The test will be 30 minutes of random vibration using the power spectral density (PSD) levels specified in
C-S 1-9711-002 (1990-03) as V5L. The vibration test level for V5L is 0.67 G RMS

2

G

/HzHz

5
17
45
48
62
65

150
200
500

5

3

3

3

3

3

3

4

4

(Root Mean Square).

Figure 31. Random vibration PSD profile breakpoints (operating)

6.6.1.2 Swept sine vibration

Model

48 GB model

Figure 32. Swept sine vibration

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

Swept sine vibration (zero to
1 G (5–300 Hz)

1 G (300 Hz) – 0.33 G (350 Hz)

37

Sweep rate

2.0

6.6.2 Nonoperating vibration

The disk drive withstands the following vibration levels without any loss or permanent damage.

6.6.2.1 Random vibration

The test consists of a random vibration applied in each of three mutually perpendicular axes with the time
duration of 15 minutes per axis. The PSD levels for the test simulating the shipping and relocation envir­onment are shown below.

2

G

/HzHz

0.0012.5

0.035

0.01840

0.018500

Figure 33. Random Vibration PSD Profile Breakpoints (nonoperating)

Note: Overall RMS (root mean square) level of vibration is 3.01 G rms.

6.6.2.2 Swept sine vibration

! 5 G (zero-to-peak), 10 to 500 to 10 Hz sine wave

! 0.5 oct/min sweep rate

! 25.4 mm (peak-to-peak) displacement, 5 to 10 to 5 Hz

6.6.3 Operating shock

The hard disk drive meets the following criteria while operating in the conditions described below.

The shock test consists of ten shock inputs in each axis and direction for a total of 60.

There must be a minimum of 3 seconds delay between shock pulses. Soft errors and automatic retries
are allowed during the test.

The drive withstands the following half-sine shock pulse without any data loss or permanent damage.

Duration of 11 msDuration of 2 msModel

15 G150 G48 GB model
15 G180 GAll other models

Figure 34. Operating shock

The input level shall be applied to the normal disk drive subsystem mounting points used to secure the
drive in a normal system.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

38

6.6.4 Nonoperating shock

The drive withstands the following half-sine shock pulse without any data loss or permanent damage.

Duration of 11 msDuration of 1 msModel

120 G700 G48 GB model
120 G800 GAll other models

Figure 35. Nonoperating shock

The shocks are applied in each direction of the three mutually perpendicular axes of the drive, one axis at
a time. Input levels are measured at the frame of the drive.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

39

6.7 Acoustics

2.9

2.4

2.7

2.1

All other models

3.3

2.6

3.1

2.4

30 GB and 20 GB models

3.8

2.7

3.5

2.5

48 GB model

Operating

Idle

Operating

Idle

Maximum

Typical

A-weighted Sound Power

6.7.1 Sound power level

The criteria of A-weighted sound power level are described below.
Measurements are to be taken in accordance with ISO 7779. The mean of the sample of 40 drives is to

be less than the typical value. Each drive is to be less than the maximum value. The drives are to meet
this requirement in both board down orientations.

(Bels)

Figure 36. Weighted sound power

The background power levels of the acoustic test chamber for each octave band are to be recorded.
Sound power tests are to be conducted with the drive supported by spacers so that the lower surface of

the drive is located 25±3 mm above the chamber floor. No sound absorbing material shall be used.
The acoustical characteristics of the disk drive are measured under the following conditions:

Mode definitions

Ÿ Idle mode — Power on, disks spinning, track following, unit ready to receive and respond to

control line commands

Ÿ Operating mode — Continuous random cylinder selection and seek operation of the actuator with

a dwell time at each cylinder. Seek rate for the drive is calculated by the following formula:

Ns = 0.4/(Tt + T1)

where:

Ns = average seek rate in seeks/s

(Bels)

Tt = published seek time from one random track to another without including rotational
latency

T1= equivalent time, in seconds, for the drive to rotate by half a revolution

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

40

6.7.2 Discrete tone penalty

Discrete tone penalties are added to the A-weighted sound power (Lw) with the following formula only
when determining compliance:

Lwt(spec) = Lw + 0.1Pt + 0.3 < 4.0 (Bels)

where

Lw = A-weighted sound power level

Pt = Value of desecrate tone penalty = dLt – 6.0(dBA)

dLt = Tone-to-noise ratio taken in accordance with ISO 7779 at each octave band.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

41

6.8 Identification labels

The following labels are affixed to every drive:

! A label is placed on the top of the HDA containing the statement "Made by IBM" or equivalent,

Part No., EC No. and FRU No.

! A bar code label placed on the disk drive based on user request. The location on the drive is to be

designated in the drawing provided by the user.

! Labels containing the vendor's name, disk drive model number, serial number, place of manufacture

and UL/CSA logos.

! The presence of labels containing jumper information depending on the customer request.

6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility

When installed in a suitable enclosure and exercised with a random accessing routine at maximum data
rate, the drive meets the following worldwide electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements:

! United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and Regulations (Class B), Part

Suppression German National Requirements

RFI

15.

!

! EU EMC Directive, Technical Requirements and Conformity Assessment Procedures

RFI

Japan

Requirements of

VCCI,

products

IBM

6.9.1 CE Mark

The product is certified for compliance with EC directive 89/336/EEC. The EC marking for the certification
appears on the drive.

6.9.2 C-Tick Mark

The product complies with the Australian EMC standard "Limits and methods of measurement of radio
disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment, AS/NZS 3548:1995 Class B."

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

42

6.10 Safety

6.10.1 UL and CSA approval

The product is qualified per UL (Underwriters Labratory) 1950 Third Edition and CAN/CSA C22.2
No.950-M95 Third Edition, for the use in Information Technology Equipment, including Electric Business
Equipment. The UL Recognition or the CSA certification is maintained for the product life. The UL and
C-UL recognition mark or the CSA monogram for CSA certification appears on the drive.

6.10.2 IEC compliance

All models of the Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN comply with IEC 950:1991 +A1-4.

6.10.3 German Safety Mark

All models of the Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN are approved by TUV on Test Requirement:
EN 60950:1992+A1-4, but the GS mark has not been obtained.

6.10.4 Flammability

The printed circuit boards used in this product are made of material with a UL recognized flammability
rating of V-1 or better. The flammability rating is marked or etched on the board. All other parts not con­sidered electrical components are made of material with a UL recognized flammability rating of V-1 or
better except minor mechanical parts.

6.10.5 Secondary circuit protection

This product utilizes printed circuit wiring that must be protected against the possibility of sustained
combustion due to circuit or component failures as defined in C-B 2-4700-034 (Protection Against
Combustion). Adequate secondary over current protection is the responsibility of the using system.

The user must protect the drive from its electrical short circuit problem. A 10 amp limit is required for
safety purpose.

6.11 Packaging

Drives are packed in

protective bags and shipped in appropriate containers.

ESD

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

43

This page intentionally left blank.

7.0 Electrical interface specifications

7.1 Cabling

The maximum cable length from the host system to the hard disk drive shall not exceed 18 inches.

7.2 Interface connector

The signal connector for AT attachment is designed to mate with the 50 pin plug specified in Annex A,
Connectors and Cable Assembly, of the ATA/ATAPI-5 document.

The figure below and Figure 29 on page 34 show the connector location and physical pin location.

Pin

43

44

19

22

Pin

1

AC

2

D

B

Figure 37. Interface connector pin assignments

Note 1: Pin position 20 is left blank for correct connector insertion.
Note 2: Pin positions A, B, C, and D are used for drive address setting. (Refer to Figure 51 on page 62

for correct address setting.)

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

45

7.3 Signal definitions

(reserved)

44

GND

43

power

+ 5V motor

42

power

+ 5V logic

41

GND40OD

I/O

DASP-

39

TTLICS1-

38

TTLICS0-

37

TTLIDA02

36

TTLIDA00

35ODI/O

PDIAG-

34

TTLIDA01

33ODO

IOCS16(*)-

32

3–state

O

INTRQ

31

GND

30

TTL

I

DMACK-

29

TTLICSEL

28

3–state

O

IORDY(*)

27

GND

26

TTL

I

DIOR(*)-

25

GND

24

TTL

I

DIOW(*)-

23

GND

22

3–state

O

DMARQ

21

Key

(20)

GND

19

3–state

I/O

DD15

18

3–state

I/O

DD00

17

3–state

I/O

DD14

16

3–state

I/O

DD01

15

3–state

I/O

DD13

14

3–state

I/O

DD02

13

3–state

I/O

DD12

12

3–state

I/O

DD03

11

3–state

I/O

DD11

10

3–state

I/O

DD04

09

3–state

I/O

DD10

08

3–state

I/O

DD05

07

3–state

I/O

DD09

06

3–state

I/O

DD06

05

3–state

I/O

DD08

04

3–state

I/O

DD07

03

GND

02

TTL

I

RESET-

01

Type

I/O

SIGNAL

PIN

Type

I/O

SIGNAL

PIN

The pin assignments of interface signals are listed as follows:

Figure 38. Table of signals

Notes:

"O" designates an output from the Drive.
"I" designates an input to the Drive.
"I/O" designates an input/output common.
"OD" designates an Open-Drain output.
The signal lines marked with (*) are redefined during the Ultra DMA protocol to provide special

functions. These lines change from the conventional to special definitions at the moment the Host
decides to allow a DMA burst, if the Ultra DMA transfer mode was previously chosen via SetFeatures.
The drive becomes aware of this change upon assertion of the DMACK- line. These lines revert back
to their original definitions upon the deassertion of DMACK- at the termination of the DMA burst.

"power" designates a power supply to the drive.
"reserved" designates reserved pins which must be left unconnected.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

46

DIOW-

STOP

IORDY

DSTROBE

DIOR-

HDMARDY-

DIOW-

STOP

DIOR-

HSTROBE

IORDY

DDMARDY-

Definition

Special Definition

(for Ultra DMA)

Write Operation

Read Operation

Figure 39. Special signal definitions for Ultra DMA

Conventional

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

47

7.4 Signal descriptions

DD00–DD15

A 16-bit bi-directional data bus between the host and the HDD. The lower 8 lines, DD00-07, are used
for Register and ECC access. All 16 lines, DD00–15, are used for data transfer. These are 3-state
lines with 24 mA current sink capability.

DA00–DA02

These are addresses used to select the individual register in the HDD.

CS0-

The chip select signal generated from the Host address bus. When active, one of the Command
Block Registers [Data, Error (Features when written), Sector Count, Sector Number, Cylinder Low,
Cylinder High, Drive/Head and Status (Command when written) register] can be selected.

CS1-

The chip select signal generated from the Host address bus. When active, one of the Control Block
Registers [Alternate Status (Device Control when written) and Drive Address register] can be
selected.

RESET-

This line is used to reset the HDD. It shall be kept at a Low logic state during power up and kept High
thereafter.

DIOW-

The rising edge of this signal holds data from the data bus to a register or data register of the HDD.

DIOR-

When this signal is low, it enables data from a register or data register of the drive onto the data bus.
The data on the bus shall be latched on the rising edge of DIOR-.

INTRQ

The interrupt is enabled only when the drive is selected and the host activates the -IEN bit in the
Device Control Register. Otherwise, this signal is in high impedance state regardless of the state of
the IRQ bit. The interrupt is set when the IRQ bit is set by the drive CPU. The IRQ is reset to zero by
a host read of the status register or a write to the Command Register. This signal is a 3-state line
with 24 mA of sink capability.

IOCS16-

A signal indicating to the host that a 16-bit wide data register has been addressed and that the drive
is prepared to send or receive a 16-bit wide data word. This signal is an Open-Drain output with
24 mA sink capability and an external resistor is needed to pull this line to 5 volts.

DASP-

This is a time-multiplexed signal which indicates that a drive is active or that device 1 is present. This
signal is driven by an Open-Drain driver and internally pulled up to 5 volts through a 10 k
During a Power-On initialization or after RESET- is negated, DASP- shall be asserted by Device 1
within 400 ms to indicate that device 1 is present. Device 0 shall allow up to 450 ms for device 1 to
assert DASP-. If device 1 is not present, device 0 may assert DASP- to drive an LED indicator. The
DASP- signal shall be negated following acceptance of the first valid command by device 1. At any
moment after negation of DASP-, either drive may assert DASP- to indicate that a drive is active.

PDIAG-/CBLID-

This signal shall be asserted by device 1 to indicate to device 0 that it has completed diagnostics.
This line is pulled up to 5 volts in the HDD through a 10 k

Ω resistor.

Ω resistor.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

48

Following a Power On Reset, software reset, or RESET-, drive 1 shall negate PDIAG- within 1 ms
(to indicate to device 0 that it is busy). Drive 1 shall then assert PDIAG- within 30 seconds to indicate
that it is no longer busy and is able to provide status.

Following the receipt of a valid Execute Drive Diagnostics command, device 1 shall negate PDIAG­within 1 ms to indicate to device 0 that it is busy and has not yet passed its drive diagnostics. If
device 1 is present, device 0 shall wait up to 6 seconds from the receipt of a valid Execute Drive
Diagnostics command for drive 1 to assert PDIAG-. Device 1 should clear BSY before asserting
PDIAG-, as PDIAG- is used to indicate that device 1 has passed its diagnostics and is ready to post
status. If DASP- was not asserted by device 1 during reset initialization, device 0 shall post its own
status immediately after it completes diagnostics and clears the device 1 Status register to 00h.
Device 0 may be unable to accept commands until it has finished its reset procedure and is ready
(DRDY=1).

CSEL (Cable Select)

This signal is monitored to determine the drive address (master or slave) when the jumper on the
interface connector is at Position-3.

When CSEL is at ground or is at a low level, the HDD works as a Master. If CSEL is open or is at a
logical high level, the HDD works as a Slave.

The signal level of CSEL to one HDD should be different from the signal level to another HDD on the
same AT interface cable to avoid master-master or slave-slave configurations.

KEY

Pin position 20 has no connection pin. Closing the respective position of the cable connector in order
to avoid incorrect insertion is recommended.

IORDY

This signal indicated to the host that the drive is ready to complete the current I/O cycle. This line is
driven low at the falling edge of DIOR- or DIOW- when HDD needs one or more additional WAIT
cycles to extend the PIO cycle. This line can be connected to the host IORDY signal in order to insert
one or more WAIT states into the host PIO cycle. This signal is an Open-Drain output with 24 mA
sink capability.

5V Power

There are two input pins for the +5 V power supply. One is the "+5 V Logic" input pin and the second
is the "+5 V Motor" input pin. These two input pins are tied together within the drive.

DMACK-

This signal shall be used by the host in response to DMARQ to either acknowledge that data has
been accepted or that data is available.

This signal is internally pulled up to 5 Volt through a 15 K

Ω resistor with a resistor tolerance value of

–50% to +100%.

DMARQ

This signal is used for DMA data transfers between the host and drive. It is asserted by the drive
when it is ready to transfer data to or from the host. The direction of data transfer is controlled by
–HIOR and –HIOW signals. This signal is used in a handshake mode with DMACK-. This signal is a
3-state line with 24 mA sink capability and internally pulled down to GND through a 10 K

Ω resistor.

HDMARDY- (Ultra DMA)

This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The signal HDMARDY- is a flow control signal for Ultra DMA data in bursts. This signal is held

asserted by the host to indicate to the device that the host is ready to receive Ultra DMA data in
transfers. The host may negate HDMARDY- to effect a pause in Ultra DMA data in transfers.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

49

HSTROBE (Ultra DMA)

This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The signal HSTROBE is the data out strobe signal from the host for Ultra DMA data out transfers.

Both the rising and falling edge of HSTROBE latch the data from DD (15:0) into the device. The host
may stop toggling HSTROBE to effect a pause in Ultra DMA data out transfers.

STOP (Ultra DMA)

This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.

STOP signal shall be asserted by the host prior to initiation of an Ultra DMA burst. A STOP shall

The
be negated by the host before data is transferred in an Ultra
host during or after data transfer in an Ultra

DMA mode signals the termination of the burst.

DMA burst. Assertion of STOP by the

DDMARDY- (Ultra DMA)

This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The signal DDMARDY- is a flow control signal for Ultra DMA data out bursts. This signal is held

asserted by the device to indicate to the host that the device is ready to receive Ultra DMA data out
transfers. The device may negate DDMARDY- to effect a pause in Ultra DMA data out transfers.

DSTROBE (Ultra DMA)

This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The signal DSTROBE is the data in strobe signal from the device for an Ultra DMA data in transfer.

Both the rising and the falling edge of DSTROBE latch the data from DD (15:0) into the host. The
device may stop toggling DSTROBE to effect a pause in an Ultra DMA data in transfer.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

50

7.5 Interface logic signal levels

–400 µA min.

Driver Source Current

0.5 V max.

Output Low Voltage

–0.5 V min./0.8 V max.
Input Low Voltage

–

25

RESET– low width

t10

9.5

–

RESET– high to Not BUSY

t1

(µµs)

(µµs)

The interface logic signals have the following electrical specifications:

Inputs

Outputs:

Current

Input High Voltage

Output High Voltage

Driver Sink Current

7.6 Reset timings

RESET–

BUSY

2.0 V min./5.5 V max.

2.4 V min.

24 mA min.

t10

t1

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

Figure 40. System reset timings

Min.

Max.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

51

7.7 PIO timings

1,250

–

IORDY pulse width

tB35–

IORDY setup width

tA–0

Read data valid to IORDY active

tRD–10

DIOR-/DIOW- to address valid hold

t930–

Address valid to IOCS16- released

t8(*)40–

Address valid to IOCS16- assertion

t7(*)

30

–

DIOR- data tristate

t6z–5

DIOR- data hold

t6–20

DIOR- data setup

t5–10

DIOW- data hold

t4–20

DIOW- data setup

t3–25

DIOR-/DIOW- recovery time

t2i

–

70

DIOR-/DIOW- pulse width

t2–25

Address valid to DIOR-/DIOW- setup

t1–120

Cycle time

t0

MAX. (ns)

MIN (ns)

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

The PIO cycle timings meet Mode 4 of the ATA-5 description.

CS(1:0)­DA(2:0)

t9

DIOR-,
DIOW-

Write data
DD(15:0)

Read data
DD(15:0)

IOCS16-(*)

IORDY

t7(*)

t1

tA

t2

t3 t4

t5

tRD

tB

t0

t2i

t6z

t6

t8(*)

(*) Up to ATA-2 (mode-0,1,2)

Figure 41. PIO cycle timings

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

52

7.8 Multiword DMA timings

25

–

DMACK- to read data released

tZ35–

DIOR- to DMARQ delay / DIOW- to DMARQ delay

tLR/tLW

width

–

5

DIOR-/DIOW- to DMACK- hold

tJ–0

DMACK- to DIOR-/DIOW- setup

tI

–

10

DIOW- data hold

tH–20

DIOR-/DIOW- data setup

tG–5

DIOR- data hold

tF

50

–

DIOR- data access

tE

–

70

DIOR-/DIOW- asserted pulse width

tD–120

Cycle time

t0

MAX (ns)

MIN (ns)

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

The Multiword DMA timings meet Mode 2 of the ATA-5 description.

DMARQ

tLR/tLW

DMACK-

DIOR-/DIOW-

READ DD(15:0)

WRITE DD(15:0)

t0

tI

tD

tKR/tKW

tE

tG

tG

tF

tH

tJ

tZ

tKR/tKW

Figure 42. Multiword DMA cycle timings

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

–25DIOR- negated pulse width / DIOW- negated pulse

53

7.9 Ultra DMA timings

–

4.8–5–5–5–5–5

Data hold time at host

tDH–4.8–5–7–7–10–15

Data setup time at host

tDS–0–0–0–0–0–0

Drivers to assert

tZAD

output drivers to release

-38–57–86–

115–154–230

Two cycle time

t2CYC

–

16.8–25–39–54–73–112

Cycle time

tCYC90–

12001300170020002300First DSTROBE time

tFS

driving IORDY

502055205520702070207020Envelope time

tENV

–20–20–20–20–20–20Setup time for DMACK-

tACK–0–0–0–0–0–0

Unlimited interlock time

tUI

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

MODE 5

MODE 4

MODE 3

MODE 2

MODE 1

MODE 0

The Ultra DMA timings meet Mode 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Ultra DMA Protocol.

7.9.1 Initiating Read DMA

DMARQ

tUI

DMACK-

tACK tENV

STOP

tACK tENV

HDMARDY-

DSTROBE

DD(15:0)

tZIORDY

tZIORDY

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxx

Host drives DD

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

Minimum time before

MIN

tAZ

MAX

tFS tCYC

tZAD

RD Data RD Data

MAX

MIN

Device drives DD

MIN

MAX

MIN

t2CYC

tDS

MAX

tDH

tCYC

MIN

RD Data

MAX

MIN

MAX

–0–0–0–0–0–0

tAZ

Figure 43. Ultra DMA cycle timing (Initiating Read)

Maximum time allowed for

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

1010–10–10–10–10–

54

7.9.2 Host Pausing Read DMA

DSTROBE time

time

MODE 5

MODE 4

MODE 3

MODE 2

MODE 1

MODE 0

DMARQ

DMACK-

STOP

tSR

HDMARDY-

DSTROBE

tRFS

tSR
tRFS

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

DSTROBE to HDMARDY­HDMARDY- to final

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

Note: When a host does not satisfy the tSR timing, the host should be ready to receive two more data
words after HDMARDY- is negated.

Figure 44. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Pausing Read)

MAX

(ns)

––––––20–30–50–

50–60–60–60–70–75–

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

55

7.9.3 Host Terminating Read DMA

Device drives DD

Host drives DD

IORDY

–20–20–20–20–20–20Hold time for DMACK-

tACK

–

4.6–5–5–5–5–5

CRC word hold time at device

tCH–4–5–7–7–10–15

CRC word setup time at device

tCS–20–20–20–20–20–20

Interlock time with minimum

tMLI

output

output drivers to release

75010001000150015001500Limited interlock time

tLI–85–100–100–100–125–160

Ready to pause time

tRP

time

MODE 5

MODE 4

MODE 3

MODE 2

MODE 1

MODE 0

DMARQ

DMACK-

tRP

STOP

tLI

tMLI

tACK

tACK

HDMARDY-

DSTROBE

DD(15:0)

tRFS

tAZ

tRFS

xxx RD Data xxxxxxxxxxx

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

HDMARDY- to final DSTROBE

Maximum time allowed for

tLI tIORDYZ

tAZ

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

tZAH

MAX

MIN

MAX

MIN

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

xxx

MAX

(ns)

tCS

MIN
(ns)

tCH

CRC

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

50–60–60–60–70–75–

10–10–10–10–10–10–

tZAH

tIORDYZ

Figure 45. Ultra DMA cycle timing (Host Terminating Read)

Minimum delay time required for

Maximum time before releasing

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

–20–20–20–20–20–20

20–20–20–20–20–20–

56

7.9.4 Device Terminating Read DMA

Device drives DD

Host drives DD

IORDY

–––20–20–20–20–20Hold time for DMACK-

tACK

–

4.6–5–5–5–5–5

CRC word hold time at device

tCH–4–5–7–7–10–15

CRC word setup time at device

tCS

–20–20–20–20–20–20Interlock time with minimum

tMLI

for output

output drivers to release

75010001000150015001500Limited interlock time

tLI

negation of DMARQ

MODE 5

MODE 4

MODE 3

MODE 2

MODE 1

MODE 0

DMARQ

DMACK-

STOP

HDMARDY-

DSTROBE

DD(15:0)

tSS

tLI

tLI

tLI

tMLI

tACK

tACK

tIORDYZ

tCH

tAZ

xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

tCS

CRC

tZAH

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

tSS

tAZ
tZAH

tIORDYZ

Figure 46. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Terminating Read)

Time from DSTROBE edge to

Maximum time allowed for
Maximum delay time required

Maximum time before releasing

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

57

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

–50–50–50–50–50–50

10–10–10–10–10–10–

–20–20–20–20–20–20

––20–20–20–20–20–

7.9.5 Initiating Write DMA

–

4.6–5–5–5–5–5

Data Hold time at device

tDH–4–5–7–7–10–15

Data setup time at device

tDS–38–57–86–115–154–230

Two cycle time

t2CYC

–

16.8–25–39–54–73–112

Cycle time

tCYC

75010001000150015001500Limited interlock time

tLI

IORDY

552055205520702070207020Envelope time

tENV

–20–20–20–20–20–20Setup time for DMACK-

tACK

–0–0–0–0–0–0Unlimited interlock time

tUI

MODE 5

MODE 4

MODE 3

MODE 2

MODE 1

MODE 0

DMARQ

tUI

DMACK-

tACK

STOP

tENV

DDMARDY-

HSTROBE

DD(15:0)

tZIORDY

tZIORDY

tACK

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

Minimum time before driving

tLI

Host drives DD

MAX

MIN

(ns)

(ns)

tUI tCYC

WT Data

MIN

MAX

MIN

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

t2CYC

tCYC

tDH

tDS

WT Data

xxx xxx

MIN

MAX

MIN

MAX

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

WT Data

MIN

MAX

(ns)

(ns)

MAX

(ns)

–0–0–0–0–0–0

Figure 47. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Initiating Write)

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

58

7.9.6 Device Pausing Write DMA

time

––––––20–30–50–HSTROBE to DDMARDY- time

tSR

MODE 5

MODE 4

MODE 3

MODE 2

MODE 1

MODE 0

DMARQ

DMACK-

STOP

tSR

DDMARDY-

HSTROBE

tRFS

tRFS

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

50–60–60–60–70–75–DDMARDY- to final HSTROBE

Note: When a device does not satisfy the tSR timing, the device is ready to receive two more data words
after DDMARDY- is negated.

Figure 48. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Pausing Write)

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

59

7.9.7 Device Terminating Write DMA

Host drives DD

IORDY

–20–20–20–20–20–20Hold time for DMACK-

tACK

–

4.6–5–5–5–5–5

CRC word hold time at device

tCH

–4–5–7–7–10–15CRC word setup time at device

tCS–20–20–20–20–20–20

Interlocking time with minimum

tMLI750

10001000150015001500Limited interlock time

tLI–85–100–100–100–125–160

Ready to pause time

tRP

time

MODE 5

MODE 4

MODE 3

MODE 2

MODE 1

MODE 0

DMARQ

DMACK-

STOP

DDMARDY-

HSTROBE

DD(15:0)

tRFS

tRP

tRFS

xxx WT Data xxxxxxxxxx

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

DDMARDY- to final HSTROBE

tLI

tMLI

tIORDYZ

tLI

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

MAX

MIN

MAX

MIN

MAX

MIN

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

(ns)

tCS

CRC

MIN
(ns)

tCH

MAX

(ns)

tACK

tACK

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

50–60–60–60–70–75–

tIORDYZ

Figure 49. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Terminating Write)

Maximum time before releasing

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

20–20–20–20–20–20–

60

7.9.8 Host Terminating Write DMA

Host drives DD

IORDY

–20–20–20–20–20–20Hold time for DMACK-

tACK

–

4.6–5–5–5–5–5

CRC word hold time at device

tCH–4–5–7–7–10–15

CRC word setup time at device

tCS–20–20–20–20–20–20

Interlock time with minimum

tMLI750

10001000150015001500Limited interlock time

tLI

assertion of STOP

MODE 5

MODE 4

MODE 3

MODE 2

MODE 1

MODE 0

DMARQ

DMACK-

STOP

DDMARDY-

HSTROBE

DD(15:0)

tSS

tLI

tSS

tLI

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

PARAMETER DESCRIPTION

Time from HSTROBE edge to

MIN
(ns)

tLI

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

tIORDYZ

MAX

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

tMLI

MAX

(ns)

tCS

MIN
(ns)

tCH

CRC

MAX

(ns)

tACK

tACK

xxxxxxxxxx

MAX

MIN

(ns)

(ns)

MIN
(ns)

MAX

(ns)

–50–50–50–50–50–50

tIORDYZ

Figure 50. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Terminating Write)

Maximum time before releasing

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

20–20–20–20–20–20–

61

7.10 Drive address setting

A jumper is available at the interface connector to determine the drive address. The set position of the
jumper is as shown below.

Using Cable Selection, the drive address depends on the condition of pin 28 of the AT interface cable. In
the case when pin 28 is ground, or low, the drive is a Master. If pin 28 is open, or logic high, the drive is a
Slave.

31

2

4

12

1—Device 0 (Master)
2—Device 1 (Slave)
3—Cable Select
4—Never attach a jumper here
5—Never attach a jumper here

3

4

5

Note: When pin C is grounded the drive does not spin up at POR.

Figure 51. Drive address setting

7.11

The default setting of jumper at shipment is Device 0 (Master).

Drive default address setting

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

62

7.12 Addressing of HDD registers

Device control Reg.

Alt. Status Reg.

01101

Control Block Registers

Command Reg.

Status Reg.

11110

Drive/Head Reg.

Drive/Head Reg.

01110

Cylinder high Reg.

Cylinder high Reg.

10110

Cylinder low Reg.

Cylinder low Reg.

00110

Sector number Reg.

Sector number Reg.

11010

Sector count Reg.

Sector count Reg.

01010

Features Reg.

Error Reg.

10010

Data Reg.

Data Reg.

00010

Command Block Registers

DIOW- = 0 (Write)

DIOR- = 0 (Read)

DA00

DA01

DA02

CS1-

CS0-

The host addresses the drive through a set of registers called a Task File. These registers are mapped
into the host's I/O space. Two chip select lines (CS0- and CS1-) and three address lines (DA00–02) are
used to select one of these registers, while a DIOR- or DIOW- is provided at the specified time.

The chip select line CS0- is used to address the Command Block registers while the CS1- is used to
address Control Block registers.

The following table shows the I/ O address map.

Figure 52. I/O address map

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

63

This page intentionally left blank.

Part 2. Interface specification

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

65

This page intentionally left blank.

8.0 General

8.1 Introduction

This specification describes the host interface of the Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN (model numbers
IC25xxxxATDAxx-x).

The interface conforms to the Working Document of Information technology, AT Attachment with Packet
Interface Extension (ATA/ATAPI-5), Revision 3 dated February 29, 2000, with certain limitations described
in Section 9.0, "Deviations From Standard" on page 69.

The drive supports the following new functions included by ATA/ATAPI-5 standards or newer standards.

The Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN supports the following functions as Vendor Specific Functions:

! Address Offset Feature
! Format Unit Function
! ENABLE/DISABLE DELAYED WRITE
! SENSE CONDITION command

8.2 Terminology

The Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN drive (model numbers IC25xxxxATDAxx-x)Device

The system to which the device is attachedHost

First Command

The first command that is executed after the power on reset (also known as a hard
reset) is the Standby mode command.

Interrupt request (Device or Host)INTRQ

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

67

This page intentionally left blank.

9.0 Deviations from standard

The device conforms to the referenced specifications with deviations described below.

The interface conforms to the Working Document of Information Technology, AT Attachment with Packet
Interface Extension (ATA/ATAPI-5), Revision 3 dated February 29, 2000, with deviation as follows:

Standby Timer

Write Verify

S.M.A.R.T. Return Status

Standby timer is enabled by STANDBY command or IDLE command. The
value in the Sector Count register shall be used to determine the time
programmed into the Standby timer. If the Sector Count register is zero, then
the Standby timer is set to 109 minutes automatically.

WRITE VERIFY command does not include read verification after write
operation. The function is the same as WRITE SECTORS command.

S.M.A.R.T. RETURN STATUS subcommand does not check advisory
attributes. This means that the device will not report a threshold exceeded
condition unless the prefailure attributes exceed their corresponding
thresholds. For example, a Power-On Hours Attribute never results in a
negative reliability status.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

69

This page intentionally left blank.

10.0 Registers

Data bus high imped

xxxNN

(*1)

FunctionsAddresses

WRITE (DIOW-))READ (DIOR-)DA0DA1DA2CS1-CS0-

Not used

Control block registers

Not usedData bus high impedxx0AN
Not usedData bus high impedx01AN
Device ControlAlternate Status011AN

Command block registers

DataData 000NA
FeaturesError Register100NA
Sector CountSector Count010NA
Sector NumberSector Number110NA
LBA bits 0-7 (*2) LBA bits 0-7 (*2)110NA
Cylinder LowCylinder Low001NA
LBA bits 8-15 (*2) LBA bits 8-15 (*2)001NA
Cylinder HighCylinder High101NA
LBA bits 16-23 (*2) LBA bits 16-23 (*2)101NA
Device/HeadDevice/Head.011NA
LBA bits 24-27 (*2) LBA bits 24-27 (*2)011NA
CommandStatus111NA

Invalid addressInvalid addressxxxAA

*1 imped = impedanceA = signal assertedLogic conventions:
*2 = Mapping of registers in LBA modeN = signal not asserted

x = can be either

Figure 53. Register Set

Communication to or from the device is through an I/O Register that routes the input or output data to or
from the registers addressed by the signals from the host (CS0-, CS1-, DA2, DA1, DA0, DIOR- and
DIOW-).

The Command Block Registers are used for sending commands to the device or posting status from the
device.

The Control Block Registers are used for device control and to post alternate status.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

71

10.1 Alternate Status Register

Alternate Status Register

7

BSY

Figure 54. Alternate Status Register

This register contains the same information as the Status Register. The only difference between this
register and the Status Register is that reading the Alternate Status Register does not imply an interrupt
acknowledge or a clear of a pending interrupt. See Section 10.12, "Status Register" on page 76 for the
definition of the bits in this register.

6

RDY

5

DF

4

DSC

3

DRQ

2

COR

1

IDX

0

ERR

10.2 Command Register

This register contains the command code being sent to the device. Command execution begins
immediately after this register is written. The command set is shown in Figure 73 on page 109. All other
registers required for the command must be set up before writing to the Command Register.

10.3 Cylinder High Register

This register contains the high order bits of the starting cylinder address for any disk access. At the end of
the command this register is updated to reflect the current cylinder number.

In LBA Mode this register contains Bits 16–23. At the end of the command this register is updated to
reflect the current LBA Bits 16–23.

The cylinder number may be from zero to the number of cylinders minus one.

10.4 Cylinder Low Register

This register contains the low order 8 bits of the starting cylinder address for any disk access. At the end
of the command, this register is updated to reflect the current cylinder number.

In LBA Mode this register contains Bits 8–15. At the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect
the current LBA Bits 8–15.

The cylinder number may be from zero to the number of cylinders minus one (1).

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

72

10.5 Data Register

This register is used to transfer data blocks between the device data buffer and the host. It is also the
register through which sector information is transferred on a Format Track command and the configuration
information is transferred on an Identify Device command.

All data transfers are 16 bits wide, except for ECC byte transfers, which are 8 bits wide. Data transfers are
PIO only.

The register contains valid data only when DRQ = 1 is in the Status Register.

10.6 Device Control Register

Device Control Register

7

-

Figure 55. Device Control Register

Bit Definitions

6

-

5

-

4

-

3
1

2

SRST

1

-IEN

0
0

SRST (RST)

-IEN

Software Reset. The device is held at reset when RST = 1. Setting RST = 0 again
enables the device. To ensure that the device recognizes the reset, the host must set
RST = 1 and wait for at least 5 microseconds before setting RST = 0.

Interrupt Enable. When IEN = 0, and the device is selected, the device interrupts to the
host will be enabled. When IEN = 1 or the device is not selected, the device interrupts to
the host will be disabled.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

73

10.7 Device/Head Register

t

W

Device/Head Register

Figure 56. Device/Head Register

This register contains the device and head numbers.

Bit Definitions

01234567

HS0HS1HS2HS3DRV1L1

L

DRV

HS3,HS2,HS1,HS0

Binary encoded address mode select. When L = 0 , addressing is by CHS mode.

hen L = 1, addressing is by LBA mode.

Device. When DRV = 0, device 0 (master) is selected. When DRV = 1, device 1
(Slave) is selected.

Head Select. These four bits indicate the binary encoded address of the head. Bi
HS0 is the least significant bit. At command completion, these bits are updated to
reflect the currently selected head. The head number may be from zero to the
number of heads minus one. In LBA mode, HS3 through HS0 contain bits 24–27
of the LBA. At command completion, these bits are updated to reflect the current
LBA bits 24–27.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

74

10.8 Error Register

AMN

TK0N

ABRT

0

IDNF

0

UNC

CRC01234567

Error Register

not been found after finding the correct ID field for the requested sector.

Recalibrate command.

aborted due to a device status error or an invalid parameter in an output register.

found.

has been encountered.

data bus during a Ultra DMA transfer.

ction 13.0, "Command descriptions" on

.

Figure 57. Error Register

This register contains the status from the last command executed by the device or a diagnostic code. At
the completion of any command except Execute Device Diagnostic, the contents of this register are
always valid even if ERR = 0 is in the Status Register.

Following a power on, a reset, or completion of an Execute Device Diagnostic command, this register
contains a diagnostic code. See Figure 61 on page 79 for the definitions.

Bit Definitions
ICRCE (CRC)

UNC

IDNF (IDN)

ABRT (ABT)

TK0NF (T0N)

AMNF (AMN)

Interface CRC Error. When CRC = 1 it indicates that a CRC error has occurred on the

Uncorrectable Data Error. When UNC = 1 it indicates that an uncorrectable data error

ID Not Found. When IDN = 1 it indicates that the requested sector's ID field could not be

Aborted Command. When ABT = 1 it indicates that the requested command has been

Track 0 Not Found. When T0N = 1 it indicates that track 0 was not found during a

Address Mark Not Found. When AMN = 1 it indicates that the data address mark has

10.9 Features Register

This register is command specific. This register is used with the Set Features command, the S.M.A.R.T.
Function Set command, and the Format Unit command.

10.10 Sector Count Register

This register contains the number of sectors of data requested to be transferred on a read or write
operation between the host and the device. If the value in the register is set to 0, a count of 256 sectors
is specified.

If the register is zero at command completion, the command was successful. If it was not successfully
completed, the register contains the number of sectors which need to be transferred in order to complete
the request.

The contents of the register are defined differently on some commands. These definitions are given in
Se

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

109

75

10.11 Sector Number Register

r

t

a

This register contains the starting sector number for any disk data access for the subsequent command.
The sector number is from one to the maximum number of sectors per track.

In LBA mode this register contains Bits 0–7. At the end of the command this register is updated to reflect
the current LBA Bits 0–7.

10.12 Status Register

Status Register

01234567

ERRIDXCORRDRQDSCDFDRDYBSY

Figure 58. Status Register

This register contains the device status. The contents of this register are updated whenever an error
occurs and at the completion of each command.

If the host reads this register when an interrupt is pending, it is considered to be the interrupt acknow­ledge. Any pending interrupt is cleared whenever this register is read.

If BSY=1, no other bits in the register are valid.

Bit Definitions

BSY

DRDY (RDY)

DF

DSC

DRQ

IDX

ERR

Busy. Bit BSY=1 whenever the device is accessing the registers. The host should not
read or write any registers when BSY=1. If the host reads any register when BSY=1, the
contents of the Status Register will be returned.
Device Ready. When bit RDY=1 it indicates that the device is capable of responding to
command. Bit RDY will be set to 0 during power on until the device is ready to accept a
command.
Device Fault. It DF=1 it indicates that the device has detected a write fault condition. Bit
DF is set to 0 after the Status Register is read by the host.
Device Seek Complete. If DSC=1 it indicates that a Seek has completed and the device
head is settled over a track. Bit DSC is set to 0 by the device just before a Seek begins.
When an error occurs, this bit is not changed until the Status Register is read by the hos
and at that time the bit again indicates the current Seek complete status. When the
device enters into or is in Standby mode or Sleep mode, this bit is set by device in spite
of the drive not spinning up.
Data Request. Bit DRQ=1 indicates that the device is ready to transfer a word or byte of
data between the host and the device. The host should not write the Command register
when DRQ=1.
Corrected Data. Corrected Data is always = 0.CORR (COR)
Index. Bit IDX=1 once per revolution. Since IDX=1 only for a very short time during each
revolution, the host may not see it set to 1 even if the host is reading the Status Registe
continuously. Therefore the host should not attempt to use IDX bit for timing purposes.
Error. Bit ERR=1 indicates that an error occurred during execution of the previous
command. The Error Register should be read to determine the error type. The device
sets bit ERR=0 when the next command is received from the host.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

76

11.0 General operation descriptions

requirement.

interface circuitry and sets the default values.

values.

11.1 Reset response

ATA has the following three types of resets:

Power On Reset (POR)

Hard Reset (Hardware Reset)

Soft Reset (Software Reset)

The actions of each reset are shown in Figure 59 on page 78.

The device executes a series of electrical circuitry diagnostics, spins up
the HDA, tests speed and other mechanical parametric, and sets default

The RESET- signal is negated in the ATA Bus. The device resets the

The SRST bit in the Device Control Register is set and then is reset. The
device resets the interface circuitry according to the Set Features

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

77

ooo

Reset Standby timer value (*5)

(*4)

(*4)

(*6)

Power mode

default

Address offset mode

ooo

PDIAG- handshake

xoo

DASP- handshake

ooo

Initialization of registers (*2)

xx(*6)

Starting or Spinning Up spindle motor

xxo

Internal diagnostic

xxo

Initialization of hardware

(*1)

(*1)

-

Aborting Device operation

oo-

Aborting Host interface

reset

reset

Ÿ Number of CHS (set by Initialize

Device Parameters)

Ÿ Multiple mode
Ÿ Write Cache
Ÿ Delayed Write
Ÿ Read look-ahead
Ÿ ECC bytes
Ÿ Volatile max. Address
Ÿ

o—execute
x—not execute

POR

hard

soft

(*3)ooReverting programmed parameters to

Note.

(*1). Execute after the data in write cache has been written.
(*2). The default value on POR is shown in Figure 60 on the next page.
(*3). The Set Features command with Feature register = CCh enables the device to revert these

parameters to the power on defaults.

(*4). In the case of sleep mode, the device goes to standby mode. In other cases, the device does not

change current mode.

(*5). After reset the Standby timer value is set to 109 minutes.
(*6). Set according to the initial power mode selection.

Figure 59. Reset response table

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

78

11.1.1 Register initialization

After a power on, a hard reset, or a software reset, the register values are initialized as shown in the table
below.

Default ValueRegister

Diagnostic CodeError

01hSector Count

01hSector Number

00hCylinder Low

00hCylinder High

A0hDevice/Head

50hStatus

50hAlternate Status

Figure 60. Default Register Values

As a result of carrying out an Execute Device Diagnostic command or being powered on, or if a hard reset
occurs — the system generates an Error Register diagnostic code. See the table below for a description of
the various codes.

Figure 61. Diagnostic Codes

DescriptionCode

No error detected01h

Formatter device error02h

Sector buffer error03h

ECC circuitry error04h

Controller microprocessor error05h

Device 1 failed8xh

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

79

11.2 Diagnostic and Reset considerations

that the device is active.

indicate device active.

ty. If Device 1 is not present, Device 0 does not Assert DASP- at POR.

0xh

No

(not read)

No

01h

Yes

(not read)

No

8xh

NoNoYes

81h

YesNoYes

0xh

No

Yes

Yes

01h

Yes

Yes

Yes

Register

Passed

Asserted?

present?

The Set Max password, the Set Max security mode and the Set Max unlock counter are not retained over
a Power On Reset but are retained over a Hard Reset or Soft Reset.

For each Reset and Execute Device Diagnostic, the diagnostic is done as follows:
Power On Reset, Hard Reset

Soft Reset

Execute Device Diagnostic

In each case—Power On Reset [Hard Reset], Soft Reset, and the Execute Device Diagnostic
command—the Device 0 Error register value is interpreted using the table below.

Device 1

DASP- is read by Device 0 to determine if Device 1 is present. If Device
1 is present Device 0 shall read PDIAG- to determine when it is valid to
clear the BSY bit and whether Device 1 has powered on or reset without
error, otherwise Device 0 clears the BSY bit whenever it is ready to
accept commands. Device 0 may assert DASP- to indicate device activi-

If Device 1 is present, Device 0 shall read PDIAG- to determine when it
is valid to clear the BSY bit and whether Device 1 has reset without any
errors; otherwise, Device 0 shall simply reset and clear the BSY bit.
DASP- is asserted by Device 0 (and Device 1 if it is present) in order to

If Device 1 is present, Device 0 shall read PDIAG- to determine when it
is valid to clear the BSY bit and if Device 1 passed or failed the
EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC command; otherwise, Device 0 shall
simply execute its diagnostics and then clear the BSY bit. DASP- is
asserted by Device 0 (and Device 1 if it is present) in order to indicate

PDIAG-

Device 0

Error

Figure 62. Reset error register values

The "x" indicates the appropriate Diagnostic Code for the Power on, RESET-, Soft Reset, or Device
Diagnostic error.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

80

11.3 Power-off considerations

11.3.1 Load/Unload

Load/Unload is a functional mechanism of the HDD. It is controlled by the drive microcode. Specifically,
unloading of the heads is invoked by the following commands.

ResponseCommand

UL -> Comp.Standby
UL -> Comp.Standby Immediate
UL -> Comp.Sleep

ResponseReset

Rdy (*1)Soft Reset

UL -> RdyHard Reset

—means "unload""UL"

—means "interface ready""Rdy"

Load/Unload condition is not changed by Soft Reset.(*1)

Figure 63. Device behavior by ATA commands.

Load/unload is also invoked as one of the idle modes of the drive.

The specified start/stop life of the product assumes that load/unload is operated normally, NOT in emer­gency mode.

11.3.2 Emergency unload

When HDD power is interrupted while the heads are still loaded, the microcode cannot operate and the
normal 5V power is unavailable to unload the heads. In this case, normal unload is not possible, so the
heads are unloaded by routing the back-EMF of the spinning motor to the voice coil. The actuator velocity
is greater than the normal case, and the unload process is inherently less controllable without a normal
seek current profile.

Emergency unload is intended to be invoked in rare situations. Because this operation is inherently
uncontrolled, it is more mechanically stressful than a normal unload.

A single emergency unload operation is more stressful than 100 normal unloads. Use of emergency
unload reduces the start/stop life of the HDD at a rate at least 100X faster than that of normal unload, and
may damage the HDD.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

81

11.3.3 Required power-off sequence

Problems can occur on most HDDs when power is removed at an arbitrary time. Listed below are
examples of such problems:

! Data loss from the write buffer.
! If the drive is writing a sector, a partially-written sector with an incorrect ECC block results. The

sector contents are destroyed, and reading that sector results in a hard error.

! Heads possibly land in the data zone rather than in the landing zone, depending on the design of the

HDD.

You may then turn off the HDD in the following order:

1. Issue Standby Immediate or sleep command.

2. Wait until COMMAND COMPLETE STATUS is returned. (It may take up to 350 ms in a typical case)

3. Terminate power to HDD.

This power-down sequence should be followed for entry into any system power-down state, or system
suspend state, or system hibernation state. In a robustly designed system, emergency unload is limited to
rare scenarios such as battery removal during operation.

11.4 Sector Addressing Mode

All addressing of data sectors recorded on the device's media are done by a logical sector address. The
logical CHS address for the drive is different from the actual physical CHS location of the data sector on
the disk media.

The drive supports both Logical CHS Addressing Mode and LBA Addressing Mode as the sector addres­sing mode.

The host system may select either the currently selected CHS translation addressing or LBA addressing
on a command-by-command basis by using the L bit in the DEVICE/HEAD register. A host system must
set the L bit to 1 if the host uses LBA Addressing mode.

11.4.1 Logical CHS addressing mode

The logical CHS addressing is made up of three fields: the cylinder number, the head number, and the
sector number. Sectors are numbered from 1 to the maximum value allowed by the current CHS trans­lation mode but cannot exceed 255 (0FFh). Heads are numbered from 0 to the maximum value allowed by
the current CHS translation mode but cannot exceed 15 (0Fh). Cylinders are numbered from 0 to the
maximum value allowed by the current CHS translation mode but cannot exceed 65535 (0FFFFh).

When the host selects a CHS translation mode using the INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS command,
the host requests the number of sectors per logical track and the number of heads per logical cylinder.
The device then computes the number of logical cylinders available in requested mode.

The default CHS translation mode is described in the Identify Device Information. The current CHS trans­lation mode also is described in the Identify Device Information.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

82

LBA addressing mode

<---- LBA bits 7- 0

Sector Number

<---- LBA bits 15- 8

Cylinder Low

<---- LBA bits 23-16

Cylinder High

<---- LBA bits 27-24

Device/Head

look-ahead function or the write cache function.

Refer to Section 11.6, "Adaptive Power Management (ABLE-3) feature" on page 85.

Idle Mode

When in sleep mode, the device requires a reset to be activated.

Logical sectors on the device shall be linearly mapped with the first LBA addressed sector (sector 0)
being the same sector as the first logical CHS addressed sector ( cylinder 0, head 0, sector 1). Irre­spective of the logical CHS translation mode currently in effect, the LBA address of a given logical sector
does not change. The following is always true:

LBA = ((cylinder*heads_per_cylinder+heads)*sectors_per_track)+sector-1

where heads_per_cylinder and sectors_per_track are the current translation mode values.
On LBA addressing mode the LBA value is set to the following register:

11.5 Power management features

The power management feature set permits a host to modify the behavior in a manner which reduces the
power required to operate. The power management feature set provides a set of commands and a timer
that enables a device to implement low power consumption modes.

The drive implements the following set of functions.

1. A Standby timer

2. Idle command

3. Idle Immediate command

4. Sleep command

5. Standby command

6. Standby Immediate command

11.5.1 Power Mode

Sleep Mode

Standby Mode

Active Mode

The lowest power consumption when the device is powered on occurs in Sleep Mode.

The device interface is capable of accepting commands, but as the media may not be
immediately accessible, there is a delay while waiting for the spindle to reach
operating speed.

The device is in execution of a command or accessing the disk media with the read

11.5.2 Power management commands

The Check Power Mode command allows a host to determine if a device is currently in, going to, or
leaving standby mode.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

83

The Idle and Idle Immediate commands move a device to idle mode immediately from the active or

Inactive

Noxx

Sleep

Inactive

Yes1o

Standby

Active

Yes1o

Idle

Active

Yesxx

Active

active

may not be accessible.

standby modes. The idle command also sets the standby timer count and starts the standby timer.
The sleep command moves a device to sleep mode. The device's interface becomes inactive at the com-

pletion of the sleep command. A reset is required to move a device out of sleep mode. When a device
exits sleep mode it will enter standby mode.

The Standby and Standby Immediate commands move a device to standby mode immediately from the
active or idle modes. The standby command also sets the standby timer count.

11.5.3 Standby/Sleep command completion timing

1. Confirm the completion of writing cached data in the buffer to media.

2. Unload the heads on the ramp.

3. Set the DRDY bit and the DSC bit in Status Register.

4. Set the INTRQ (completion of the command).

5. Activate the spindle break to stop the spindle motor.

6. Wait until the spindle motor is stopped.

7. Perform the post process.

11.5.4 Standby timer

The standby timer provides a method for the device to automatically enter standby mode from either
active or idle mode following a host programmed period of inactivity. If the device is in the active or idle
mode, the device waits for the specified time period and if no command is received, the device automa­tically enters the standby mode.

If the value of the SECTOR COUNT register on Idle command or the Standby command is set to "00h",
the device will automatically set the standby timer to 109 minutes.

11.5.5 Status

In the active, idle, and standby modes, the device shall have the RDY bit of the status register set. If the
BSY bit is not set, the device shall be ready to accept any command.

In sleep mode, the device interface is not active. A host shall not attempt to read the device's status or
issue commands to the device.

11.5.6 Interface Capability for Power Modes

Each power mode affects the physical interface as defined in the following table:

Figure 64. Power conditions

RDYBSYMode

Interface

Media

Ready (RDY) is not a power condition. A device may post ready at the interface even though the media

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

84

Though the interface is inactive in sleep mode, the access to the interface registers and the validity of
INTRQ is guaranteed for two seconds after the Sleep command is completed. After this period, the
contents of interface registers may be lost. Since the contents of interface registers may be invalid, the
host should NOT check the Status register nor the Alternate Status register prior to issuing a soft reset to
wake up a device.

11.5.7 Initial Power Mode at Power On

After power on or hard reset the device goes to IDLE mode or STANDBY mode depending on the option.
Refer to Part 1 of this document for the initial power mode selection.

11.6 Advanced Power Management (ABLE-3) feature

This feature provides power saving without performance degradation. The Adaptive Battery Life
Extender 3 (ABLE-3) technology intelligently manages transition among power modes within the device
by monitoring access patterns of the host.

This technology has three idle modes; Performance Idle mode, Active Idle mode, and Low Power Idle
mode.

This feature allows the host to select an advanced power management level. The advanced power
management level is a scale from the lowest power consumption setting of 01h to the maximum perfor­mance level of FEh. Device performance may increase with increasing advanced power management
levels. Device power consumption may increase with increasing advanced power management levels.
The advanced power management levels contain discrete bands, described in the section of Set Feature
command in detail.

This feature set uses the following functions:

Ÿ A SET FEATURES subcommand to enable Advanced Power Management
Ÿ A SET FEATURES subcommand to disable Advanced Power Management

The Advanced Power Management feature is independent of the Standby timer setting. If both Advanced
Power Management level and the Standby timer are set, the device will go to the Standby state when the
timer times out or the device's Advanced Power Management algorithm indicates that it is time to enter
the Standby state.

The IDENTIFY DEVICE response word 83, bit 3 indicates that Advanced Power Management feature is
supported if set. Word 86, bit 3 indicates that Advanced Power Management is enabled if set. Word 91,
bits 7-0 contain the current Advanced Power Management level if Advanced Power Management is
enabled.

11.6.1 Performance Idle Mode

This mode is usually entered immediately after Active mode command processing is complete, instead of
conventional idle mode. In Performance Idle mode, all electronic components remain powered and full
frequency servo remains operational. This provides instantaneous response to the next command. The
duration of this mode is intelligently managed as described below.

11.6.2 Active Idle Mode

In this mode, power consumption is 45–55% less than that of Performance Idle mode. Additional
electronics are powered off, and the head is parked near the mid-diameter of the disk without servoing.
Recovery time to Active mode is about 20 ms.

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

85

11.6.3 Low Power Idle Mode

Power consumption is 60–65% less than that of Performance Idle mode. The heads are unloaded on the
ramp, however the spindle is still rotated at the full speed. Recovery time to Active mode is about 300 ms.

11.6.4 Transition Time

The transition time is dynamically managed by users recent access pattern, instead of fixed times. The
ABLE-3 algorithm monitors the interval between commands instead of the command frequency of
ABLE-2. The algorithm supposes that next command will come with the same command interval distri­bution as the previous access pattern. The algorithm calculates the expected average saving energy and
response delay for next command in several transition time case based on this assumption. And it selects
the most effective transition time with the condition that the calculated response delay is shorter than the
value calculated from the specified level by Set Feature Enable Adaptive Power Management command.

The optimal time to enter Active Idle mode is variable depending on the recent behavior of the user. It is
not possible to achieve the same level of Power savings with a fixed entry time into Active Idle because
every user’s data and access pattern is different. The optimum entry time changes over time.

The same algorithm works for entering into Low Power Idle mode and Standby mode, which consumes
less power but need more recovery time switching from this mode to Active mode.

11.7 S.M.A.R.T. Function

The intent of S.M.A.R.T. is to protect user data and prevent unscheduled system downtime that may be
caused by predictable degradation and/or fault of the device. By monitoring and storing critical perfor­mance and calibration parameters, S.M.A.R.T. devices employ sophisticated data analysis algorithms to
predict the likelihood of near-term degradation or fault condition. By alerting the host system of a negative
reliability status condition, the host system can warn the user of the impending risk of a data loss and
advise the user of appropriate action.

Since S.M.A.R.T. utilizes the internal device microprocessor and other device resources, there may be
some small overhead associated with its operation. However, special care has been taken in the design of
the S.M.A.R.T. algorithms to minimize the impact to host system performance. Actual impact of
S.M.A.R.T. overhead is dependent on the specific device design and the usage patterns of the host
system. To further ensure minimal impact to the user, S.M.A.R.T. capable devices are shipped from the
device manufacturer's factory with the S.M.A.R.T. feature disabled. S.M.A.R.T. capable devices can be
enabled by the system OEMs at time of system integration or in the field by after-market products.

11.7.1 Attributes

Attributes are the specific performance or calibration parameters that are used in analyzing the status of
the device. Attributes are selected by the device manufacturer based on that attribute's ability to contribute
to the prediction of degrading or faulty conditions for that particular device. The specific set of attributes
being used and the identity of these attributes is vendor specific and proprietary.

11.7.2 Attribute values

Attribute values are used to represent the relative reliability of individual performance or calibration
attributes. Higher attribute values indicate that the analysis algorithms being used by the device are
predicting a lower probability of a degrading or fault condition existing. Accordingly, lower attribute values
indicate that the analysis algorithms being used by the device are predicting a higher probability of a

Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN hard disk drive specifications

86