IBM 3494 User Manual

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Magstar 3494 Tape Library

Operator Guide

IBM

GA32-0280-09

Magstar 3494 Tape Library

Operator Guide

IBM

GA32-0280-09

Note!

Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under “Notices” on page 337.

Ninth Edition (May 1999)

This edition, GA32-0280-09, is a major revision of GA32-0280-08, which is now obsolete. Signiﬁcant changes or

additions to the text and illustrations are indicated by a vertical line to the left of the change. The following paragraph does not apply to any country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION “AS IS” WITHOUT

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This edition applies to the initial release of the product and to all subsequent releases and modiﬁcations until otherwise indicated in new editions. Order publications through your IBM representative or the IBM branch office serving your locality. Publications are not stocked at the address given below.

A readers’ comment form is provided at the back of this publication. Either mail the form or fax it to (520) 799-2906. If the form has been removed, address your comments about this book to IBM Corporation, Department 61C, 9000 South Rita Road, Tucson, Arizona 85744-0001, U.S.A.

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US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

Figures ........................... ix

Preface ...........................xiii

Organization .........................xiii

Related Information .......................xiv

3490E...........................xiv

3590 ...........................xv

AIX............................xv

AS/400 ..........................xv

RISC System/6000 ......................xv

MVS...........................xv

VM............................xvi

Additional .........................xvi

Summary of Changes .....................xix

Chapter 1. Introduction ..................... 1

IBM 3494 Tape Libraries ..................... 2

Functional Components ..................... 4

Cartridge Input and Output Facilities.................16

High-Capacity Output Facility ..................16

High-Capacity Input/Output Facility ................16

Single-Cell Output Facility ...................17

Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature .............17

Cartridge Tape.........................18

Tape Cartridge Requirements ..................19

Cartridge File Protection ....................20

Cartridge System Tape Labels ..................20

Unlabeled Tape Facility ....................22

Cartridge Labeling ......................22

Media-Type Labeling .....................23

Cartridge Storage Cells .....................24

Reserved Cartridge Storage Cells ................25

Cartridge Storage Capacity ...................25

Library Manager ........................27

User Interface ........................27

Password-Protection .....................27

Database .........................28

High Availability (Model HA1) ..................28

Database Information Available to a Host ..............28

Operational Modes and States...................29

Chapter 2. Controls and Indicators ................31

Operator Panel ........................32

Power Controls and Status Indicators ...............32

Motion Controls and Status Indicators ...............32

Convenience Input⁄Output Station Status Indicators ..........33

Library Manager ........................34

3490 Tape Subsystem Controls for Models C10, C11, C1A, C22, and C2A . . 35

3490 Tape Subsystem Controls for Model F1A .............36

3590 Model B1A Tape Subsystem Controls ..............37

3494 Model B18 Operator Panel ..................38

Power Controls .......................38

3494 Model B16 Virtual Tape Server Controls .............39

3494 Model B18 Virtual Tape Server Controls .............39

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics ...............41

3490E/3590 Tape Subsystem Operation ...............41

Virtual Tape Server .......................41

Emulation of 3490-Type Tape Drives ...............41

Tape Volume Cache .....................42

Storage Management of the Tape Volume Cache ...........42

Maintaining Data Fragments from Copied Volumes ..........42

Fast Response for Non-speciﬁc Mount Requests ...........42

Deletion of VTS Logical Volume .................43

|| ||

Scratch Stacked Volumes ...................43

Integration with the 3494 Library .................44

Logical Library Partitioning ...................44

SCSI Host Attachment.....................44

Operator Interface ......................45

Logical Volume Inventory....................45

VTS Import/Export Overview ..................45

Local and Remote Power Control..................45

Operator Involvement ......................46

System Administrator Involvement .................46

Error Detection and Reporting ...................47

Inventory Update ........................47

Volume Categories .......................48

Physical Volume States .....................52

Logical Volume States......................52

Physical Volser Validity Checking ..................52

Logical Volser Validity Checking ..................53

Command Priorities in the Queue..................54

Priority Levels .........................54

Operations ..........................55

Host-Initiated Operations ....................55

Export Operations ......................57

Import Operations ......................57

Stand-Alone Operations ....................57

Initial Cartridge Installation ....................58

Cartridge Placement ......................59

Initial Volume Inventory Upload ..................59

Host Operation Control .....................59

Actions to Avoid when Operating a 3494 ...............59

Things You Should Never Do ..................60

Things You Should Try to Avoid Doing ...............60

Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States ...63

Operational Modes .......................63

Auto Mode .........................63

Pause Mode ........................63

Manual Mode ........................63

Additional Operational Modes in the HA1 Environment .........64

Home Cell Mode .......................65

Operational States .......................65

Library manager initialization ..................65

Initialization complete .....................66

Online State ........................66

Offline State ........................66

iv Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Shutdown pending ......................66

Library Manager Switchover in Progress ..............66

Accessor Switchover in Progress .................66

Dual Active Accessor Status...................67

Informational States.......................67

Relationship between Operational Modes and States ..........68

Operational Mode Transitions ...................68

Pause Mode to Auto Mode ...................68

Auto Mode to Pause Mode (No Error) ...............69

Pause Mode to Manual Mode ..................70

Manual Mode to Pause Mode ..................70

Auto Mode to Manual Mode...................70

Manual Mode to Auto Mode...................71

Initialization State to Auto, Pause, or Manual Mode ..........71

Auto Mode to Pause Mode (Forced)................71

Operational State Transitions ...................71

Shutdown Pending State to Shutdown State.............72

Shutdown State to Library Manager Initialization State .........72

Library Manager Initialization State to Initialization Complete State ....72

Offline State to Online State...................72

Online State to Offline State...................72

Initialization Complete State to Online or Offline State .........73

Offline State to Shutdown Pending State ..............73

Informational State Transitions...................73

Chapter 5. Basic Operating Procedures ..............75

Powering On the 3494......................75

Powering Off the 3494......................75

Changing to Pause Mode ....................76

Changing to Auto Mode .....................76

Changing from Local to Remote Power ...............76

Changing from Remote to Local Power ...............76

Inserting Cartridges .......................77

Using Empty Cartridge Cells to Insert Cartridges ...........77

Using the Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature to Insert Cartridges . . 78

Using the High-Capacity Input/Output Facility ............81

Removing Ejected Cartridges ...................81

Removing an Ejected Cartridge from the Single-Cell Output Facility ....81

Removing Ejected Cartridges from the High-Capacity Output Facility....82

Removing Ejected Cartridges from the High-Capacity Input/Output Facility . 82

Removing Ejected Cartridges from the Convenience Input⁄Output Station

Feature .........................82

Chapter 6. Advanced Operating Procedures.............85

Using the Library Manager ....................88

Making Library Manager Selections .................92

Selections with the Keyboard ..................92

Selections with the Pointing Device ................92

Track Pointer Keyboard ....................93

Using the Help Pull-Down ....................94

Help Search ........................95

Help Action Bar and Function Keys ................95

Key Functions ........................96

Using the Operator Menu.....................98

Using the Mode Pull-Down ...................99

Auto ...........................100

Contents v

Pause...........................100

Manual ..........................101

Online...........................101

Offline...........................103

Service Menu ........................104

Switch Active Library Manager to Standby .............105

Accessors .........................106

Lockup Library Manager ....................108

Shutdown .........................108

Using the Status Pull-Down ....................109

Operational Status ......................111

Component Availability.....................115

|| || ||

VTS Status .........................118

Performance Statistics .....................119

Accessor Mounts per Hour ...................122

VTS Active Data .......................123

VTS Data Flow .......................125

VTS Mount Hit Data .....................126

VTS Physical Device Mount History ................128

VTS Logical Mounts Per Hour ..................129

VTS Active Data Distribution ..................130

Using the System Summary....................131

LAN Status .........................135

Dual Accessor Zones .....................136

Using the Queues Pull-Down ...................137

Using the Database Pull-Down...................139

Search Database For Volumes..................139

Find Logical Volume’s Home ..................144

List Database Volumes ....................145

Stacked Volume Map .....................150

Using the Commands Pull-Down ..................152

Schedule Cleaning ......................155

Eject a Cleaner Cartridge....................158

Cleaner Cartridge Masks ....................158

Send Message to Host Consoles .................159

Promote a Command in the Queue ................160

Volser Range for Media Types..................161

Insert VTS Logical Volumes...................163

Insert VTS Logical Volumes Status ................165

Eject a VTS Stacked Volume ..................165

Set VTS Category Attributes ..................166

Set VTS Management Policies..................167

Inventory New Storage or Re-inventory Complete System........169

Re-Inventory with Virtual Tape Servers...............174

Inventory Update .......................176

Stand-Alone Device......................180

Insert Unlabeled Cartridges ...................184

Add LAN Host ........................185

Delete LAN Host .......................190

Update LAN Host Information ..................191

LM LAN Information......................198

Operator Intervention .....................199

System Administrator Password .................200

Managing Import/Export Volumes..................202

Manage Unassigned Volumes ..................202

Manage Import Volumes ....................204

vi Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

|| || ||

Manage Insert Volumes ....................205

Manage Export-Hold Volumes ..................206

Cancel Export/Import .....................207

Service Access ........................208

SNMP Options ........................208

Using the Library Manager’s SNMP Features ............209

Trouble Shooting .......................213

Receiving SNMPD Traps on the Monitor Station ...........213

Programming Tools ......................215

OPINT Library Manager SNMP Traps ...............215

UNSOL Library Manager SNMP Traps ...............221

CHCK1 Library Manager SNMP Traps ...............226

TESTM Library Manager SNMP Traps ...............226

Using the Options Pull-Down ...................226

Using Manual Mode.......................227

Starting Manual Mode .....................228

Operating in Manual Mode ...................230

Mounting Cartridges .....................231

Demounting Cartridges ....................232

Inserting Cartridges ......................232

Ejecting Cartridges ......................234

Reviewing Unknown Volume Locations...............235

Error Processing .......................236

Locating and Identifying Home Cell Locations ............237

Ending Manual Mode .....................238

Cartridge Removal from the Gripper.................239

Using the Keyboard Template ...................240

Chapter 7. Remote Library Manager Console Feature .........241

Installing and Conﬁguring.....................242

Starting DCAF on the Remote Library Manager Console .........242

Controlling the Tape Library from the Remote Library Manager Console . . . 246

Using Keystrokes during a Session from the Remote Library Manager

Console .........................246

Using Hot-Key Combinations ..................248

Sending the Alt+Esc Command to the Library Manager.........248

Sending the Alt+Tab Command to the Library Manager.........248

Sending the Ctrl+Esc Command to the Library Manager ........249

Changing the Session State from the Remote Library Manager Console . . 249

Using the Pointing Device during a Session .............251

Moving Among Multiple Sessions .................253

Transferring Files........................253

Library Manager Operations with a Remote Library Manager Console ....253

Changing the Session State of the Library Manager ..........253

Changing the Password from the Library Manager ..........255

Remote Library Manager Console Problem Analysis and Operational Tips. . . 257

Chapter 8. Problem Determination Procedures............259

Quick Reference Table to Problem Determination Procedures .......259

Failure and Exception Condition Reporting ..............260

Library Manager Failure Recovery Procedures .............261

Library Manager Failure in a DFSMS/MVS Environment ........261

Start the Library Manager and Host Recovery Procedure (DFSMS/MVS

Environment) .......................263

Library Manager Failure in an MVS/BTLS Environment.........265

Contents vii

Start the Library Manager and Host Recovery Procedure (MVS/BLTS

Environment) .......................266

DFSMS System Managed Tape Messages ..............268

Table for DFSMS Library Failure Messages or Exception Conditions ....269

Information Provided at the Library Manager Console ..........276

Using the System Summary Window ...............277

Using the Component Availability Status Window ...........279

Using the Search Database for Volumes Window ...........279

Using the Whole Queue Window .................282

Intervention Required Conditions and Actions .............282

Quick Reference Table to Intervention Required Conditions .......283

Table for Intervention Conditions of Library Tape Drives ........284

Table for Intervention Conditions of Other Library Components ......285

Table for Intervention Conditions of Input/Output Stations ........286

Table for Intervention Conditions of External Cartridge Labels ......288

Table for Intervention Conditions of Data Cartridges ..........292

Table for Intervention Conditions of Cleaner Cartridges .........293

Table for Intervention Conditions of a Library Virtual Tape Server .....295

Virtual Tape Server Recovery Actions ................302

Appendix A. Keyboard Template .................305

|| || || || || || || || || || ||

Appendix B. Virtual Tape Server Import/Export Advanced Function....307

Import and Export List Volumes Format ...............307

Export List Volume .......................307

Import List Volume .......................314

Status Codes in Status File ....................316

Import and Export Messages from Library ..............326

Export Status Messages ....................327

Import Status Messages ....................330

Export/Import List Volumes Failure-Reason Text ............331

Category Recovery .......................334

Reuse of Exported Stacked Volumes................335

Notices ...........................337

Trademarks..........................337

Communications Statements ...................338

Federal Commission (FCC) Statement ...............338

Laser Safety and Compliance ..................339

Operator Safety .......................340

Glossary ..........................341

Index ............................347

Readers’ Comments — We’d Like to Hear from You..........353

viii Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Figures

|| ||

1. IBM 3494 Tape Libraries ................... 3

2. Control Unit Frame Functional Components, 3490E (Front View) . . . . 5

3. Control Unit Frame Functional Components, 3590 (Front View) ..... 6

4. Control Unit Frame Functional Components (Rear View) ....... 7

5. Storage Frame Functional Components (front) ........... 8

6. Drive Unit Frame Functional Components (front) .......... 9

7. Drive Unit Frame Functional Components (rear) ..........10

8. Model B16 Virtual Tape Server Functional Components (front) .....11

9. Model B16 Virtual Tape Server Functional Components (rear) .....12

10. Model B18 Virtual Tape Server (front) ..............13

11. Model B18 Virtual Tape Server Functional Components (rear) .....14

12. Model HA1, Left Service Bay Functional Components (right front) ....15

13. Model HA1, Right Service Bay Functional Components (right front) . . . 16

14. Control Unit Frame Cartridge Storage Cells ............17

15. Cartridge System Tape Identiﬁcation ...............19

16. Cartridge System Tape ....................20

17. Cartridge System Tape Labels .................21

18. Cartridge Label Position ...................23

19. Cartridge Storage Cell Names .................24

20. Cartridge Storage Cell Labeling ................25

21. Control Unit Frame Front Door .................31

22. Operator Panel without Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature....33

23. Operator Panel with Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature .....34

24. Library Manager ......................35

25. 3490E Controls and Indicators .................36

26. 3490E Controls and Indicators for Model F1A ...........37

27. 3590 Model B1A Operator Panel ................38

28. Model B18 Virtual Tape Server Operator Panel ...........39

29. Active Library Manager....................64

30. Standby Library Manager ...................65

31. Dual Active Accessor Status — enabling .............67

32. Dual Active Accessor Status — disabling .............67

33. Auto Pending Pop-Up Window .................69

34. Inserting Cartridges in the Convenience Input⁄Output Station ......79

35. Optional 30-Cell I/O .....................80

36. Operator Panel Controls ...................89

37. System Menu .......................90

38. Pointing Device ......................93

39. Track Pointer Keyboard ...................94

40. Help Pull-Down Menu ....................94

41. Help Index Pop-Up Window ..................95

42. Operator Menu.......................98

43. System Summary Pop-Up Window ...............98

44. Mode Pull-Down Menu ....................99

45. Initial Mode/State Selection Pop-Up Window ............102

46. Fast-Ready Category Check Pop-Up Window ...........102

47. Offline Request Pop-Up Window ................103

48. Mode/State Change Request Pop-Up Window ...........104

49. Service Menu Notice ....................104

50. System Administrator Password Pop-Up Window ..........105

51. Library Switch Over Conﬁrmation Pop-Up Window .........105

52. Switching Pop-Up Window ..................106

53. Accessor Switch Over Conﬁrmation Pop-Up Window.........106

54. Switching Pop-Up Window ..................107

55. Dual Active Accessor Status Pop-Up Window — Enabling .......107

56. Mark Accessor Active Pop-Up Window ..............108

57. Dual Active Accessor Status Pop-Up Window — Disabling.......108

58. System Administrator Password Pop-Up Window ..........109

59. Shutdown Panel ......................109

60. Status Pull-Down Menu ...................110

61. (Part 1 of 3) Operational Status Pop-Up Window ..........111

62. (Part 2 of 3) Operational Status Pop-Up Window (single accessor

systems) .........................113

63. (Part 3 of 3) Operational Status Pop-Up Window (dual accessor systems) 114

64. (Part 1 of 3) Component Availability Status Pop-Up Window ......116

65. (Part 2 of 3) Component Availability Status Pop-Up Window ......117

66. (Part 3 of 3) Component Availability Status Pop-Up Window ......117

67. VTS Status Pop-Up Window..................118

68. (Part 1 of 2) Performance Statistics Pop-Up Window .........120

69. (Part 2 of 2) Performance Statistics Pop-Up Window .........121

70. Accessor Mounts per Hour Pop-Up Window ............122

71. VTS Active Data Pop-Up Window ................123

72. VTS Data Flow Pop-Up Window ................125

73. VTS Mount Hit Data Pop-Up Window ..............126

74. VTS Physical Device Mount History Pop-Up Window.........128

75. VTS Logical Mounts Per Hour Pop-Up Window...........129

76. VTS Active Data Distribution Pop-Up Window ...........130

77. System Summary Pop-Up Window ...............131

78. LAN Status Pop-Up Window..................135

79. Dual Accessor Zones Pop-Up Window ..............136

80. Queues Pull-Down Menu ...................137

81. Mount Queue .......................138

82. Database Pull-Down Menu ..................139

83. Search Database for Volumes Pop-Up Window...........140

84. Status Flags........................143

85. Find Logical Volume’s Home Pop-Up Window ...........144

86. List Database Volume’s Pop-Up Window .............145

87. Stacked Volume Map Pop-Up Window ..............150

88. Commands Pull-Down Menu .................152

89. Clean Schedule Pop-Up Window ................157

90. Eject a Cleaner Cartridge Pop-Up Window ............158

91. Cleaner Cartridge Masks ...................159

92. Host Message Pop-Up Window ................160

93. Promote Command Pop-Up Window...............160

94. Volser Ranges Pop-Up Window ................162

95. Insert VTS Logical Volumes Pop-Up Window ...........164

96. Insert VTS Logical Volumes Status Pop-Up Window .........165

97. Eject a VTS Stacked Volume Pop-Up Window ...........166

98. Set VTS Category Attributes Pop-Up Window ...........167

99. Set VTS Management Policies Pop-Up Window ..........169

100. Display VTS Export/Import Volumes Window............170

101. Save Logical Volumes Window .................171

102. Set the Volser Range Window .................171

103. Inventory Cleaner Masks Pop-Up Window.............172

104. Inventory Status Pop-Up Window ................173

105. Inventory Status Pop-Up Window (Dual Active Accessor systems) ....173

106. Service Pull-down Menu ...................175

107. VTS Online/Offline Pop-Up Window ...............176

108. Disable Inventory Update Dialog Box ..............177

x Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

109. Enable Inventory Update Dialog Box...............177

110. Perform Inventory Update Dialog Box ..............178

111. Inventory Update Status Box .................178

112. Inventory Update Status Box (Dual Active Accessor systems) .....178

113. Perform Inventory Update (Partial) Window ............179

114. Setup Stand-Alone Device Pop-Up Window ............181

115. Reset Stand-Alone Device Pop-Up Window ............183

116. Stand-Alone Device Status Pop-Up Window ............183

117. Insert Unlabeled Cartridges Window ...............185

118. Add LAN Host to Library Pop-Up Window (APPC Selected) ......186

119. Add LAN Host to Library Pop-Up Window (APPC/VTAM Selected)....188

120. Add LAN Host to Library Pop-Up Window (TCP/IP Selected)......190

121. Delete LAN Host from Library Pop-Up Window ...........191

122. Update LAN Host Information Pop-Up Window ...........192

123. Change LAN Host Information Pop-Up Window (APPC) .......193

124. Change LAN Host Information Pop-Up Window (APPC/VTAM) .....195

125. Change LAN Host Information Pop-Up Window (TCP/IP) .......197

126. Library LAN Information Pop-Up Window .............198

127. Operator Intervention Pop-Up Window ..............200

128. System Administrator Password Pop-Up Window ..........201

|| || || || ||

129. Manage Unassigned Volumes Pop-Up Window ...........202

130. Manage Import Volumes Pop-Up Window .............204

131. Manage Insert Volumes Pop-Up Window .............205

132. Manage Export-Hold Volumes Pop-Up Window ...........206

133. Cancel Export/Import Pop-Up Window ..............207

134. SNMP Basic Block Diagram ..................208

135. Select SNMP Trap Types Pop-Up Window ............210

136. Change SNMP Trap Destinations Pop-Up Window (OS/2 2.11) .....211

137. SNMP Conﬁguration Pop-Up Window ..............212

138. TESTM SNMP Trap Message Pop-Up Window ...........213

139. Options Pull-Down Menu ...................227

140. Mode Pull-Down Menu ....................228

141. Mode/State Change Request Pop-Up Window ...........228

142. Manual Pending Wait Message.................229

143. Manual Mode Terminal Pop-Up Window with Action List .......230

144. Manual Mode Insert Cartridges Screen ..............233

145. Manual Mode Insert Cartridges Pop-Up Window ..........234

146. Manual Mode Review List Screen................236

147. Manual Mode Error Processing Screen ..............237

148. Manual Mode Locate Cartridge Home Screen ...........238

149. Cartridge Removal from the Gripper ...............239

150. LAN Attachments ......................241

151. Icon for Distributed Console Access Facility ............242

152. Distributed Console Access Facility Icon .............242

153. DCAF Controlling Main Window ................243

154. DCAF Directory ......................243

155. DCAF Target Password ...................244

156. Initiating the Remote Library Manager Console ...........244

157. Establishing Communication with the Library Manager ........245

158. Remote Library Manager Console Main Menu ...........245

159. Remote Library Manager Console Window with Keystrokes Pull-Down

Menu ..........................247

160. Remote Library Manager Console Session Window with Session

Pull-Down Menu ......................250

161. Remote Library Manager Console Session Window .........252

162. Window List ........................254

Figures xi

163. Active Session .......................255

164. Changing Sessions .....................255

165. Session Pull-down Menu ...................256

166. DCAF Password ......................256

167. Library Manager Switching Window ...............264

168. Library Manager Switching Window ...............267

169. Status Flags........................280

170. Laser Safety Caution Label ..................340

xii Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Preface

Organization

This book provides information for the new operator and for the experienced operator to use the IBM Magstar 3494 Tape Library. If you are a new operator, give special attention to the organization of this book (see “Organization”) and read the sections indicated for new operators.

Users of this information should be familiar with the 3490E magnetic tape subsystems. IBM recommends that you read the

Introduction and Planning Guide

The material in this publication is presented as follows: v “Chapter 1. Introduction” on page 1 contains an introduction and a description of

the IBM 3494 Tape Library. This section is required reading if you are a new operator.

v “Chapter 2. Controls and Indicators” on page 31 contains a description of the

location and function of the controls and indicators found on the 3494. This section is required reading if you are a new operator.

v “Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics” on page 41 contains a description of the

operational characteristics of the 3494. This section includes information for the experienced operator or system administrator.

, GA32-0279.

IBM 3494 Tape Library

v “Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States” on page 63

provides a description of the different modes and states of the 3494. This section includes information for the experienced operator or system administrator.

v “Chapter 5. Basic Operating Procedures” on page 75 provides a description of

the tasks performed by using the 3494 operator panel. This section is required reading if you are a new operator.

A quick reference table for basic operating procedures is included at the start of this section.

v “Chapter 6. Advanced Operating Procedures” on page 85 provides detailed

information about using the library manager and the tasks that may be performed with the library manager. This section includes information for the experienced operator or system administrator.

A quick reference table for advanced operating procedures is included at the start of this section.

v “Chapter 7. Remote Library Manager Console Feature” on page 241 provides

information on the remote library manager.

v “Chapter 8. Problem Determination Procedures” on page 259 provides

information on error reporting and recovery. This section includes information for the experienced operator or system administrator.

A quick reference table for problem determination procedures is included in this section.

v “Appendix A. Keyboard Template” on page 305 identiﬁes the uses of the library

manager function keys.

v “Glossary” on page 341 lists important terms used in this book.

v “Index” on page 347 lists items to which a reader may need to refer.

Related Information

For additional information about the IBM 3494 Tape Library, see:

IBM 3494 Tape Library Operator Safety Translations

IBM 3494 Tape Library Introduction and Planning Guide

IBM 3494 Tape Library User’s Guide: Media Library Device Driver for AS/400

GC35-0153

IBM 3494 Tape Library User’s Guide: Library Control Device Driver for VSE/ESA

GC35-0176

IBM Online Library Omnibus Edition Hardware Collection

IBM 3494 Tape Library Operator Training Video Tape

or GV38-0293 (NTSC format)

IBM 3494 Tape Library Operator’s Quick Guide

IBM Magstar 3494 Tape Libraries: A Practical Guide

IBM Magstar Virtual Tape Server: Implementation Guide

Guide to sharing and partitioning IBM Tape Library Dataservers

3490E

, GA32-0299

, GA32-0279

, SK2T-5843.

, GV38-0294 (PAL format)

, GX35-5051

, SG24-4632

, SG24-2229

, SG24-4409

For additional information about the IBM 3490E Magnetic Tape Subsystems, see:

Care and Handling of the IBM Magnetic Tape Cartridge

Tape and Cartridge Requirements for the IBM Magnetic Tape Cartridge Drives

GA32-0048

Tape and Cartridge Requirements for the IBM Enhanced Capacity Magnetic Tape

Cartridge Drives

IBM 3490 Magnetic Tape Subsystem Enhanced Capability Models C10, C11, C1A, C22, and C2A Introduction

IBM 3490 Magnetic Tape Subsystem Enhanced Capability Models C10, C11, C1A, C22, and C2A Operator’s Guide

IBM 3490 Magnetic Tape Subsystem Enhanced Capability Models C10, C11, C1A, C22, and C2A Hardware Reference

IBM 3490 Magnetic Tape Subsystem Enhanced Capability Models C10, C11,

, GA32-0216

, GA32-0217

, GA32-0218

, GA32-0219

C1A, C22, and C2A Planning and Migration Guide

Distributed Console Access Facility: Installation and Conﬁguration Guide

SH19-4068

Distributed Console Access Facility: User’s Guide

IBM 3490E Tape Subsystem Models F01, F1A, F11, and FC0 Installation, Planning and Operator’s Guide

FC 3000 Maintenance Instructions

, GA32-0378

, GA32-0402

, GA32-0047

, GC35-0219

, SH19-4069

xiv Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

3590

AIX

IBM 3590 High Performance Tape Subsystem Introduction and Planning Guide,

GA32-0329.

IBM 3590 High Performance Tape Subsystem Hardware Reference,

IBM 3590 High Performance Tape Subsystem User‘s Guide,

IBM 3590 High Performance Tape Subsystem Operator’s Training Video Tape

GV38-0290 (NTSC format) or GV38-0291 (PAL format)

IBM 3590 High Performance Tape Subsystem Operator’s Quick Guide

GA32-0354

IBM Magstar 3590 Tape Subsystem: Multiplatform Implementation

For additional information about the AIX subsystems and software, see:

AIX/ESA System Planning Guide

AIX/ESA Diagnosis Guide

AIX/ESA Device Driver Developer’s Guide

AIX Parallel and ESCON Channel Tape Attachment/6000 Installation and User’s Guide

, GA32-0311

AIX for RISC System/6000 Installation Guide

AIX for RISC System/6000 General Concepts and Procedures

, SC23-3079

, GC23-3061

, SC23-3085

, SC23-2341

GA32-0330.

GA32-0331

, SG24-2549

, GC23-2202

AS/400

For additional information about the AS/400 subsystems and software, see:

AS/400 Physical Planning Guide and Reference

IBM Application System/400 Control Language Reference

IBM Application System/400 Security Concepts and Planning

AS/400 Automated Tape Library Planning Guide - V3R6 Documentation

SC41-3309

RISC System/6000

For additional information about the RISC System/6000 subsystems and software, see:

RISC System/6000 Getting Started: Using RISC System/6000

RISC System/6000 Getting Started: Managing RISC System/6000

RISC System/6000 Problem Solving Guide

RISC System/6000 System Overview

RISC System/6000 Planning for System Installation

MVS

For information about MVS systems and software, see:

Basic Tape Library Support User’s Guide and Reference

DFSMS/MVS General Information Library Guide

DFSMS/MVS Object Access Method Planning, Installation, and Storage Administration Guide for Tape Libraries

, GA41-9571

, SC41-0030

, SC41-8083

, GC23-2377

, GC23-2378

, SC23-2204

, GC23-2406

, GC23-2407

, SC26-7016

, GC26-4900

, SC26-3051

Preface xv

DFSMS/MVS Implementing and Customizing DFSMShsm

DFSMS/MVS Planning for Installation

DFSMS/MVS Object Access Method Application Programmer’s Reference

SC26-4917

DFSMS/MVS Guide and Master Index

JES3 Command Reference

Multiple Virtual Storage/Enterprise System Architecture Library Guide for System Product

MVS/ESA Storage Management Library: Storage Management Reader’s Guide

GC26-3122

MVS/ESA Planning: Installation and Migration for MVS/ESA System Product Version 4

MVS/ESA Conversion Notebook for MVS/ESA System Product Version 4

GC28-1608

MVS/ESA System Data Set Deﬁnition

MVS⁄ESA Command Reference

For information about VM systems and software, see:

Virtual Machine/Enterprise System Architecture Library Guide and Master Index

GC24-5518

Virtual Machine/Enterprise System Architecture Library Guide and Master Index

for System/370

Virtual Machine/Enterprise System Architecture General Information

VM/ESA: DFSMS/VM Installation and Customization

VM/ESA: DFSMS/VM Removable Media Services User’s Guide and Reference

SC35-0141

VM/ESA: DFSMS/VM Messages and Codes

, GC28-1601

, GC28-1077

, GC24-5436

, SC23-0063

, SC26-4919

, GC26-4904

, GC28-1628

, GC28-1826

, SC26-4707

, SH21-1078

, GC24-5550

, SC26-4704

Additional

For additional information, see:

Environmental Record Editing and Printing (EREP) Program User’s Guide and

Reference

IBM General Information Manual: Installation Manual—Physical Planning

GC22-7022

IBM SCSI Tape Drive and Library Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide

GC35-0154

IBM System/360, System/370, 4300, 9370, and ES/9000 Processors: Input/Output Equipment Installation Manual—Physical Planning

Resource Access Control Facility (RACF) General Information

POWERstation and POWERserver System/390 Enterprise Systems Connection Channel Emulator User’s Guide and Service Information

POWERstation and POWERserver S/370 Channel Emulator/A User’s Guide and Service Information

VTAM V4R2 Resource Deﬁnition Reference

VSE/ESA System Control Statements V2R1

Distributed Console Access Facility: V1R3 Installation Guide

xvi Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

, GC28-1378

, GC22-7064

, GC28-0722

, SA23-2722

, SA23-2696

, SC31-6498

, SC33-6613

, SH19-4068

Distributed Console Access Facility: V1R3.1 Target User’s Guide

Distributed Console Access Facility: V1R3.1 User’s Guide

, SH19-6839

, SH19-4069

| | | | |

You can send us comments about this book electronically:

v IBMLink from US: STARPUBS at SJEVM5 v IBMLink from Canada: STARPUBS at TORIBM v IBM Mail Exchange: USIB3VVD at IBMMAIL v Internet: starpubs@us.ibm.com

Preface xvii

xviii Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Summary of Changes

| | | |

This book contains the following changes to the previous edition.

v Addition of VTS Import/Export functions v Addition of SCSI attachment capability to VTS subsystems v Attachment to Microsoft Windows NT processors

Changes to correct errors or omissions in the previous edition are also included.

xx Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Chapter 1. Introduction

The 3494 Tape Library automates the retrieval, storage, and control of Cartridge System Tape, Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape, and High Performance Cartridge Tape. In conjunction with supporting software and 3490E Models C1A, C2A and F1A, 3590 Model B1A, 3590 Model A00 or A50, 3494 Model B16 and B18 Virtual Tape Servers, and Model HA1 High Availability Unit, the 3494 allows cartridges to be mounted and demounted automatically on tape drives.

Note: The

Guide

3494 Operator Training Video Tape

are supplied with accessories.

and the

3494 Operator’s Quick

IBM 3494 Tape Libraries

Figure 1 on page 3 shows three possible conﬁgurations of the 3494. The 3494 is available in multiple conﬁgurations using one control unit frame and up to ﬁfteen optional frames. The available frame types are:

v The tape library control unit frame, 1 or 3, includes the operator panel, a

tape subsystem (3490E Model CxA or F1A with drives, 3590 Model B1A tape drives, or 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit with drives), a library manager, cartridge storage cells, a cartridge accessor, and if ordered, the Convenience Input⁄Output Station. One control unit frame is required in every library conﬁguration.

v The optional drive unit frame 4 contains additional cartridge storage and may

contain a 3490E Model CxA or F1A tape subsystem, 3590 Model B1A tape drives, or a 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit with drives.

v The optional Model B16 Virtual Tape Server (VTS) frame 5 contains additional

cartridge storage and the controller and associated disk storage for the VTS. A drive unit frame4 that holds the 3590 Model B1A tape drives, managed by the Model B16 VTS, must be located to the left of the Model B16 Virtual Tape Server frame.

v The optional stand-alone 3494 Model B18 Virtual Tape Server frame 8 contains

the controller and associated disk storage for the VTS. A drive unit frame 4 that holds the 3590 Model B1A tape drives, managed by the Model B18 VTS, may be located at any position in the library (except frame 1) but must be within a distance of 14 m (46 ft.) from the Model B18.

v The optional frame 6 contains additional cartridge storage only. v The Optional HA1 Service Bays (left 2 and right 7) contain a service area for

the accessors.

2 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Figure 1. IBM 3494 Tape Libraries

Note: For additional 3494 conﬁgurations, see

and Planning Guide

, GA32-0279.

IBM 3494 Tape Library Introduction

The control unit frame provides full library function without the other optional frames. Adding the optional frames to the control unit frame provides for additional storage and tape drive capabilities. See Table 2 on page 25 for the cartridge capacity of each frame.

Chapter 1. Introduction 3

Functional Components

Figure 2 on page 5 and Figure 3 on page 6 show the following functional components of the control unit frame, viewable from the front:

1 Cartridge storage cells

2 Magnetic tape subsystem

3 Rail system

4 Convenience Input⁄Output Station

Are located on the interior side of front doors and on the back walls of the

3494. See 1 in Figure 2 on page 5 or in Figure 3 on page 6.

The 3494 uses either the 3490E Magnetic Tape Subsystem Model C1A or C2A, Figure 2 on page 5, 3490E Magnetic Tape Subsystem Model F1A, or the 3590 High Performance Magnetic Tape Subsystem Model B1A, Figure 3

on page 6, with or without a 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit.

The cartridge accessor is carried through the library on the rail system. The rail system consists of two horizontal rails, one at the top and one at the bottom.

The 3494 may have a Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature installed for inserting or ejecting cartridges without interrupting the normal automated operations.

Two features are available: either the ten-cartridge capacity Convenience Input⁄Output Station as shown in Figure 2 on page 5 or the 30-cartridge capacity Convenience Input⁄Output Station (not shown).

| | |

5 Operator panel

Note: The Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature is required for

Import/Export operations in the Model B18 VTS with the Advanced Function Feature.

The basic operating procedures are performed from the operator panel.

4 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

A06C0041

Figure 2. Control Unit Frame Functional Components, 3490E (Front View)

Chapter 1. Introduction 5

A06O0004

Figure 3. Control Unit Frame Functional Components, 3590 (Front View)

Figure 4 on page 7 shows the following functional components of the control unit frame, viewable from the rear:

1 Library manager

Controls all operations in the 3494. Its hardware consists of a controller, display, pointing device, and keyboard. An optional Remote Library Manager Console feature is also available for remote installation on a Local Area Network (LAN) environment. During normal operations, the operator panel controls are used to operate the 3494. The library manager is used for error recovery, operations status, and service.

2 Cartridge storage cells

Are located on the interior side of the front doors on the 3494 and on the back interior wall.

3 Cartridge accessor

Moves on horizontal and vertical axes, moving cartridges between the storage cells, devices, and input and output facilities. The vision system (barcode reader) on the cartridge accessor identiﬁes cartridges.

4 Picker

Is the part of the cartridge accessor that actually picks cartridges. The picker comes standard with one gripper installed or two grippers if the optional Dual Gripper feature is installed.

5 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit

is the 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit.

6 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Figure 4. Control Unit Frame Functional Components (Rear View)

Figure 5 on page 8 shows the functional components of the storage frame, viewable from the front:

1 Cartridge storage cells

Are located on the interior side of the front door and on the back wall of the frame.

2 Rail system

The cartridge accessor is carried through the library on the rail system installed in each frame. The rail system consists of two horizontal rails, one at the top and one at the bottom of the frame.

Chapter 1. Introduction 7

Figure 5. Storage Frame Functional Components (front)

Figure 6 on page 9 shows the functional components of the drive unit frame with four 3590 tape subsystems and a 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit, viewable from the front:

1 Cartridge storage cells

Are located on the interior side of the front door and on the back wall of the frame.

2 Magnetic tape subsystems

The magnetic tape subsystems that can be installed in a drive frame are the 3490E Magnetic Tape Subsystem Model C1A or C2A (not shown), the 3590 Magnetic Tape Subsystem Model F1A (one or two per frame), or the 3590 High Performance Magnetic Tape Subsystem Model B1A with or without a 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit.

3 Rail system

The cartridge accessor is carried through the library on the rail system installed in each frame. The rail system consists of two horizontal rails, one at the top and one at the bottom of the frame.

8 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Figure 6. Drive Unit Frame Functional Components (front)

Figure 7 on page 10 shows the functional components of the drive unit frame with four 3590 tape subsystems and a 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit, viewable from the rear (shown with rear door removed):

1 Cartridge storage cells

Are located on the interior side of the front door and on the back wall of the frame.

2 Rail system

The cartridge accessor is carried through the library on the rail system installed in each frame. The rail system consists of two horizontal rails, one at the top and one at the bottom of the frame.

3 Power control compartment

Power to all components in the frame is distributed through the power control compartment.

4 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit

The 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit consists of a RISC processor and associated adapter cards.

5 3590 tape subsystems

From one to four 3590 magnetic tape subsystems can be installed along with the 3590 Model A00 or A50 Control Unit. From one to six 3590 magnetic tape subsystems can be installed without a Model A00 or A50 Control Unit (not shown).

Chapter 1. Introduction 9

Figure 7. Drive Unit Frame Functional Components (rear)

Figure 8 on page 11 shows the functional components of the Model B16 Virtual Tape Server frame, viewable from the front:

1 Cartridge storage cells

Are located on the interior side of the front door and on the back wall of the frame.

2 Rail system

The cartridge accessor is carried through the library on the rail system installed in each frame. The rail system consists of two horizontal rails, one at the top and one at the bottom of the frame.

10 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Figure 8. Model B16 Virtual Tape Server Functional Components (front)

Figure 9 on page 12 shows the functional components of the Model B16 Virtual Tape Server frame, viewable from the rear (shown with rear door removed):

1 Cartridge storage cells

Are located on the interior side of the front door and on the back wall of the frame.

2 Rail system

The cartridge accessor is carried through the library on the rail system installed in each frame. The rail system consists of two horizontal rails, one at the top and one at the bottom of the frame.

3 Power control compartment

Power to all components in the frame is distributed through the power control compartment.

4 Virtual Tape Server controller

The Virtual Tape Server controller consists of a RISC processor and associated adapter cards.

5 Disk storage

Disk storage holds the contents of the Tape Volume Cache and is managed by the Virtual Tape Server controller. Two or four disk storage features are installed in a Virtual Tape Server control unit frame.

Chapter 1. Introduction 11

Figure 9. Model B16 Virtual Tape Server Functional Components (rear)

Figure 10 on page 13 shows the Model B18 Virtual Tape Server frame, viewable from the front:

12 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Figure 10. Model B18 Virtual Tape Server (front)

Figure 11 on page 14 shows the functional components of the Model B18 Virtual Tape Server frame, viewable from the rear (shown with rear door removed):

1 Disk storage

Disk storage holds the contents of the Tape Volume Cache and is managed by the Virtual Tape Server controller. One to four disk storage features may be installed in a Model B18 VTS.

2 Virtual Tape Server controller

The Virtual Tape Server controller consists of a RISC processor and associated adapter cards.

3 Power control compartment

Power to all components in the frame is distributed through the power control compartment.

Chapter 1. Introduction 13

Figure 11. Model B18 Virtual Tape Server Functional Components (rear)

Figure 12 on page 15 shows the following functional components of the Model HA1 Left Service Bay from the right front:

1 Cartridge storage cells

Are located on the interior side of the front doors on the 3494 and on the back interior wall but are for service use only.

2Barrier door

Used by service personnel to separate the service bay from the main aisle of the 3494. This allows for concurrent service of the accessor and the associated hardware.

14 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Figure 12. Model HA1, Left Service Bay Functional Components (right front)

Figure 13 on page 16 shows the following functional components of the Model HA1, Right Service Bay from the right front:

1 Cartridge storage cells

Are located on the interior side of the front doors on the 3494 and on the back interior wall but are for service use only.

2 Barrier door

Used by service personnel to separate the service bay from the main aisle of the 3494. This allows for concurrent service of the accessor and the associated hardware.

3Hot standby library manager

The Hot Standby Library Manager can take control of all operations in the

3494. Its hardware consists of a controller, display, pointing device, and keyboard. An optional Remote Library Manager Console feature is also available for remote installation on a Local Area Network (LAN) environment.

Hot standby accessor or second active accessor (not visible)

Picker (not visible)

The part of the cartridge accessor that picks the cartridges. The picker comes standard with one gripper installed or two grippers if the optional Dual Gripper feature is installed.

Chapter 1. Introduction 15

Figure 13. Model HA1, Right Service Bay Functional Components (right front)

Cartridge Input and Output Facilities

The following four types of input and output facilities are available on the 3494:

v High-capacity output facility v High-capacity input/output facility v Single-cell output facility v Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature

High-Capacity Output Facility

The high-capacity output facility, if deﬁned during installation, reserves a section of the cartridge storage area for high-capacity output of cartridges.

Library Type Cartridge Capacity

Single Gripper 10, 20, 40, 80, or a full door Dual Gripper 10, 20, 36, 72, or a full door

The cartridge cells are located inside the control unit frame on wall 2, column A, starting with cell 1 (expressed as location 2 A 1) 2 (see Figure 14 on page 17). See “Removing Ejected Cartridges from the High-Capacity Output Facility” on page 82 for operating instructions.

High-Capacity Input/Output Facility

A High-Capacity Input/Output facility may be deﬁned for the inside wall (drive side walls) so that both inserts (Input) and ejects (Output) can be performed. Storage Unit (SU), B16 or Drive unit (DU) walls, 3 through 31 (odd numbered walls only),

16 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

can be conﬁgured as High-Capacity Input/Output. An SU, or B16, conﬁgured as High-Capacity I/O can contain 100 (upper half) or 200 (whole wall) cells. A DU conﬁgured as High-Capacity I/O contains from 50 (six 3590 drives) to 135 (two 3590 drives) and uses all available cells in the wall. Only a single wall can be conﬁgured at any time (single High-Capacity input/output facility).

Single-Cell Output Facility

If a Convenience Input⁄Output Station is not installed and a high-capacity output facility or high-capacity input/output facility is not deﬁned, a single cell in the door of the control unit frame is provided for output. The location of the single cell 1 as shown in Figure 14 is deﬁned as 2 A 1. If the optional dual gripper feature is installed, the single cell location is 2 A 3. Any empty and unassigned cell can be used for input operations. See “Removing an Ejected Cartridge from the Single-Cell Output Facility” on page 81 for operating instructions.

Figure 14. Control Unit Frame Cartridge Storage Cells

Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature

If the Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature is installed, you can add or remove from ten to 30 cartridges from the library without interrupting the normal operations of the library. See “Using the Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature to Insert Cartridges” on page 78 and “Removing Ejected Cartridges from the Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature” on page 82 for the operating instructions for this feature.

Chapter 1. Introduction 17

| | | |

Cartridge Tape

There are two modes of operation for the Convenience Input⁄Output Station while in Input mode: Insert, and Import. If one or more Virtual Tape Servers are Import/Export capable, then the Convenience Input⁄Output Station will be in Import mode.

The 3494 is designed to automate the storage and movement of the Cartridge System Tape, the Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape, and the 3590 High Performance Cartridge Tape.

Note: The 3590 High Performance Cartridge Tape can only be used on 3590 High

Performance Magnetic Tape Subsystems. The Cartridge System Tape and the Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape can only be used on 3490E

Magnetic Tape Subsystems. The 3494 supports an intermix of the Cartridge System Tape, the Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape, and the High Performance Cartridge Tape depending on the model of tape drive subsystem installed. The Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape is visually distinguished from the Cartridge System Tape by its two-color (gray and white) plastic case. The High Performance Cartridge Tape is visually distinguished from the Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape and the Cartridge System Tape by its black plastic case, blue plastic inserts, and blue leader block.

Figure 15 on page 19 shows the Cartridge System Tape 1, Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape 2, and the High Performance Cartridge Tape 3. Note the blue plastic inserts of the High Performance Cartridge Tape cartridge and the placement of the media-type label (either 1, E, or J).

The vision system identiﬁes the type of cartridge during an inventory or insert operation by reading a separate, media-type label to distinguish between the three types of cartridges. A standard Cartridge System Tape is identiﬁed by a media-type label with the character 1. The Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape is identiﬁed with the character E. The High Performance Cartridge Tape cartridge is identiﬁed with the character J. See “Unlabeled Tape Facility” on page 22 for more information.

Notes:

1. If both 3490 and 3590 drive types are installed in the 3494, all cartridges should

have a label in the seventh character position. See Figure 15 on page 19.

2. The media type of the cartridge can be determined in several ways:

v The most desirable method is for the vision system to read the seventh

character on the label.

v If users have cartridges without the seventh character, they may assign

volser ranges (see “Volser Range for Media Types” on page 161) for determining the media type. If the vision system does not successfully read a seventh character, the library manager checks the volser read against the established volser ranges. If the volser is found, the media type that is associated with the range is used.

v Additionally, a default media type can be set during a teach operation. The

default media type is used for the cartridge if the vision system cannot

18 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

successfully read a seventh character and there is no volser range that includes this volser. This method is typically used for Cartridge System Tape without the seventh character.

If none of the above methods are successful at assigning a media type, the cartridge is ejected, and an operator intervention is set.

The vision system also identiﬁes the cartridge volser during an inventory or insert operation by reading the external labels on the cartridge. The media-type and volser information is then stored in the database in the library manager.

Blue

Gray

Figure 15. Cartridge System Tape Identiﬁcation

Gray

Tape Cartridge Requirements

Figure 16 on page 20 shows the cartridge system tape requirements:

v The tape cartridge 1 should have an external label 2 applied. v The ﬁle-protect selector 3 must be set to the correct position for the volume’s

intended purpose (see “Cartridge File Protection” on page 20).

v The leader block 4 on the tape cartridge must be seated before inserting the

cartridge into the library.

v The tape cartridge is inserted into the library cartridge storage cells in the

direction 5 shown so that the external label is readable when stored. Note: When inserting the tape cartridges into the Convenience Input⁄Output

Station feature, insert the external label side ﬁrst in the direction 6.

White

Black

0003

A06O

Chapter 1. Introduction 19

Figure 16. Cartridge System Tape

Cartridge File Protection

Each tape cartridge includes a ﬁle-protect selector 3 (see Figure 16) that, when set to the ﬁle-protect position, prevents writing on or erasing data from the tape.

Normally, cartridges used in the 3494 should not be manually ﬁle-protected. If required, software can be used to ﬁle-protect the cartridges. This allows the host, when appropriate, to identify a cartridge that no longer contains current data and can be a scratch cartridge. Do not ﬁle-protect scratch cartridges because new data cannot be written to ﬁle-protected cartridges. For additional information, refer to

Care and Handling of the IBM Magnetic Tape Cartridge

Cartridge System Tape Labels

Each tape cartridge in the 3494 must have external labels that are operator- and machine-readable. The labels identify the volume serial number (volser) and type of cartridge. Currently supported labels are Tri-Code, available from Wright Line Corporation, Tri-Optic, available from Engineered Data Products, and labels from Information Data Storage.

Note: The only exception for the label requirement is when using the Unlabeled

Tape Operations function. See “Unlabeled Tape Facility” on page 22 for more

information. The volser label contains up to six characters, and the separate media-type label

provides a seventh character for media-type identiﬁcation. A volser can contain one to six characters, with blanks padded on the right for a volser with fewer than six characters. Characters can be uppercase A–Z and numerics 0–9. Each tape cartridge typically has a separate single-character media-type label that identiﬁes the cartridge type. The media-type label character for a Cartridge System Tape is 1, for an Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape is E, and for High Performance Cartridge Tape is J.

Note: See “Cartridge Tape” on page 18 for the process used to determine the

cartridge media type.

20 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

The external labels on the cartridges identify the cartridges to the 3494. Host control software in some operating environments requires that internally written labels on volumes correspond to external volsers. IBM recommends that correspondence of external and internal cartridge labels be veriﬁed by library control software as part of mount processing. Cleaner cartridges must also have operator and machine-readable external labels to identify each cartridge.

High Performance Cartridge Tapes (HPCT) managed by the VTS are automatically checked for the correct internal volume label and re-labeled if necessary.

Figure 17 shows the possible labeling conﬁgurations of the tape cartridges and Table 1 shows how the library handles the different types of labeling conﬁgurations.

Blue

0002

Gray

White

Gray

White

Black

A06O

Figure 17. Cartridge System Tape Labels

Table 1. Cartridge Tape Labeling (Media type default set to Cartridge System Tape)

Media-Type

Cartridge Type Color

Label Handled as:

1 Cartridge System Tape Gray Not present Cartridge System

Tape(default, see note)

2 Cartridge System Tape Gray Present (1) Cartridge System Tape 3 Enhanced Capacity

Cartridge System Tape 4 Enhanced Capacity

Cartridge System Tape 5 High Performance

Cartridge Tape

Gray and white

Black with blue leader

Not present Cartridge System

Tape(default, see note)

Present (E) Enhanced Capacity

Cartridge System Tape

Present (J) High Performance Cartridge

Tape block and identiﬁcation notches

Note: The default could be Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape or High Performance Cartridge Tape instead of Cartridge System Tape; refer to “Operational Status”

on page 111.

Chapter 1. Introduction 21

Unlabeled Tape Facility

Note: Do not use this function with cartridges with machine-readable labels.

Unlabeled tape operations are designed to allow the operator to occasionally insert volumes into the 3494 that do not have external machine-readable volser and media-type labels. Once inserted through the unlabeled tape facility, the volumes may be used in the same manner that regular, properly labeled volumes are used, with the exception of any operations that require the external machine-readable label to be read.

It is not recommended that volumes to be managed by the VTS be inserted using this facility. However, in the event the external label on a stacked volume becomes damaged, this facility can be used to re-insert the volume until its external label can be replaced.

To use the unlabeled tape facility, the operator selects the Insert Unlabeled Cartridges command from the Commands pull-down on the library manager. The operator then provides the volser and media-type information requested. The unlabeled tapes are then placed into the Convenience Input⁄Output Station. The library will then move the cartridges from the Convenience Input⁄Output Station to their designated cells. The library manager database is updated to indicate the location of the cartridges using the volser and media-type information provided. All hosts are notiﬁed that the cartridges have been added to the insert category just as regular, properly labeled volumes are handled.

Inventory update operations only veriﬁes that all unlabeled cartridges are in cells that previously contained unlabeled cartridges.

Note: This facility should not be used for a large number of cartridges or for

Cartridge Labeling

To apply an external volser cartridge label, do the following:

1. Examine the label before you apply it to the cartridge. Do not use the label if it

2. Remove the label from the label sheet carefully so you do not stretch the label

3. Line up either end of the label with the lip of the label indentation. Be sure to

4. Apply the label parallel to the long edge of the indentation. Do not pull the label

5. Smooth out the label so that no wrinkles or bubbles exist on the label. Use light

6. Verify that the label is smooth and parallel and has no roll-up or roll-over.

cartridges that are stored in the library for a long time. Refer to “Insert Unlabeled Cartridges” on page 184 for additional information.

has voids or smears in the printed characters or bar codes.

or cause the edges to curl.

position the bar-code side of the label toward the inside edge of the indentation. Do not allow the label to roll up or over this lip; the label must be ﬂat within the cartridge indentation surface. Apply the label either from the top or from the bottom. Carefully position the label within the indentation on the end of the cartridge away from the leader block. The machine-readable bar code must face to the right.

excessively because it will stretch.

ﬁnger pressure to smooth the label and secure it to the cartridge.

22 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

The label must be ﬂat to within 0.5 mm (0.2 in.) over the length of the label and have no folds, missing pieces, or smudges. Figure 18 shows the correct position of the label on the cartridge case.

No Roll- up or Roll-o ver

No Wrinkles No Bubbles No Stretch Parallel to Edge

Figure 18. Cartridge Label Position

Do not place a new label over an existing label. Remove an old label by slowly pulling it at a right angle to the cartridge case. Do not reuse a label.

No other labels can be placed on the same surface as the external volser cartridge label. Labels on other surfaces of the cartridge must not interfere with the cartridge accessor’s gripper or the tape drives, and should not be machine readable as that may interfere with the ability of the vision system to read the volser and the media-type label.

Media-Type Labeling

Media-type labels are applied in two different ways as follows: v If the cartridge has no separate area below the volser label (for example, an

indented area), place the media-type label in line and just below the volser label.

v If the cartridge has a separate area (for example, an indented area)

approximately 2 mm (0.08 in.) below the &vol label, place the media-type label in the separate area.

The label must be ﬂat to within 0.5 mm (0.2 in.) over the length of the label and have no folds, missing pieces, or smudges. The label must not be rotated more than 3° from being parallel with the edges of the cartridge.

No Roll- up or Roll-o ver

A06C0035

Chapter 1. Introduction 23

Cartridge Storage Cells

The cartridge cell locations are named so the operator can ﬁnd the cartridges during Manual mode operation. The cell name consists of three values: a wall number, a column letter, and a row number. For example, Figure 19 shows cell location 2 A 1.

Figure 19. Cartridge Storage Cell Names

Figure 20 on page 25 shows the cartridge storage cell labeling.

Wall number

The wall numbers 3 that are even-numbered represent the walls on the front doors of the library. The wall numbers that are odd-numbered represent the walls on the rear of the library.

Column letters

The column letters 1 range from A to E and are labeled from left to right.

Note: The control unit frame has only four columns; therefore, the letter

Row numbers

The row numbers 2 range from 1 to 20 or from 1 to 40, depending on the frame and the wall. The numbers start with 1 at the top of the frame and end at 40 for the lowest row.

range is from A to D.

24 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

2 3 4 5 6

Figure 20. Cartridge Storage Cell Labeling

Reserved Cartridge Storage Cells

The library reserves certain cells within the library for functions that the operator does not actively control.

06C0047

In non-high availability models these locations are Error Recovery Cells 1 A 1 (1 A 3 instead of 1 A 1 if the optional Dual Gripper feature is installed) and CE cartridge cell 1 A 20. If both 3490E and 3590 tape subsystems are present, CE cartridge 1 A 19 is also reserved. These are used for error recovery cell and for service cartridges. In high availability models, these locations are Error Recovery Cell 1 A 1 and 1 A 2 or 1 A 3 and 1 A 4 if the Dual Gripper Feature is installed. CE cartridge cells are in the service bays.

Cartridge Storage Capacity

Table 2 shows the cartridge capacity of each frame.

Table 2. Magstar 3494 Cartridge Capacity

Model or Frame

Model L10, L12, or L14 240 (see notes 1, 4, 5,

Model S10, FC 5400 400 360

Without

Dual Gripper

and 6)

With

Dual Gripper

216 (see notes 2, 4, 5,

and 6)

Chapter 1. Introduction 25

Table 2. Magstar 3494 Cartridge Capacity (continued)

Without

With

Model or Frame

Model D10 (without 3490 Model CxA/F1A)

Model D10, FC 5300 (with 3490 Model CxA/F1A)

Model D12, FC 5500 400 360 Model D12, FC 5302

(with one or two 3590 Models B1A) Model D12, FC 5302, FC 5502

(with three or four 3590 Models B1A) Model D12, FC 5302 (with RPQs), FC

5502 (with RPQ) (with ﬁve or six 3590 Models B1A)

Model D14 (without 3590 Model B1A)

Model D14, FC 5304 (with one or two 3590 Models B1A)

Model D14, FC 5304 (with RPQ)

Dual Gripper

400 360

300 270

335 305

290 260

250 230

400 360

345 305

305 275

Dual Gripper

(with three or four 3590 Models B1A) Model B16, or FC 5500 400 360 Model B18 0 0 Model HA1 (service bays) 0 0

Notes:

1. The optional Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature reduces the cartridge capacity by 30 cartridges (FC 5210) or 80 cartridges (FC 5230).

2. With dual grippers installed, the optional Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature reduces the cartridge capacity by 26 cartridges (FC 5210) or 72 cartridges (FC 5230).

3. Selecting the high-capacity input/output station facility reduces the cartridge capacity, depending on the options chosen (see “High-Capacity Input/Output Facility” on page 16).

4. One cell is reserved for ejecting cartridges if the optional Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature is not installed and the high-capacity output facility is not deﬁned.

5. A maximum of two cells are reserved for certain service representative functions. When the high availability unit is installed, there are no cells reserved in the L1x unit for service functions.

6. One cell is reserved for error-recovery operations for conﬁgurations without the high availability unit and two cells are reserved for error-recovery operations for conﬁgurations with the high availability unit.

26 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Library Manager

User Interface

The library manager processes all requests and control functions in the library.

The user interface enables the operator to obtain information about the operation of the library and instructs the library manager to perform speciﬁc tasks through the use of the library manager console (display, keyboard, and pointing device). Password-protection for the level of authorization is optional. The user interface recognizes the following three authorization levels:

General operator

A general operator performs the day-to-day basic interactions with the library. This is generally limited to inquiries about the library status or to perform cartridge insert and eject operations. A general operator has a limited level of authorization.

System administrator

A system administrator is an operator with additional training on the management of not only the library but of the data also. The system administrator typically handles the initial installation of volumes into the library and the problem resolution with volumes during operation. The system administrator has authorization access to all functions of the library, except for those uniquely related to the service and repair of the library.

Service representative

Password-Protection

| |

The following functions of the library manager can be protected by a password if the customer chooses to use password-protection:

v Service menu v Inventory new storage v Re-inventory complete system v Emergency power off (EPO) recovery v Shutdown v Keyboard and display lockup v System administrator to unlock v Unlock keyboard and display v Service Access v Cancel VTS Export/Import

Each time a user enters a part of the application where a password is required, then enters a password, a log entry is made at the library manager. Exiting a protected menu also creates a log entry. See “System Administrator Password” on page 200 for more information.

The service representative has full authorization access to all functions of the library.

Chapter 1. Introduction 27

Database

The library manager creates and maintains a database that contains the conﬁguration of the library, the physical location information for all the elements of the library serviced by the cartridge accessor, the inventory of the physical cartridge volumes and logical volumes managed by a VTS, and information about their use and current status, and the status of each 3490E/3590 device and virtual device. As operations progress through the library, the database is dynamically updated on the disk drive to reﬂect the current status of the library.

High Availability (Model HA1)

If the high availability model is installed, a second library manager is provided in the right-hand service bay. Each library manager contains two hard (disk) drives, a primary and secondary disk. Under normal operation, one library manager is the active library manager and the other library manager is the standby library manager. The active library manager, on its primary disk, creates and maintains the database, which is dynamically updated to reﬂect the current status of each library. The standby library primary disk contains a back-up of the database, which is also dynamically updated to reﬂect the current status of the library.

If the active library manager fails, the standby library manager automatically becomes the active library manager and takes control of operations. A new backup database is then created on the active library manager’s secondary disk drive. The new active library manager runs in degraded mode until the failing library manager is repaired. This allows continued operation of the 3494.

Database Information Available to a Host

The library manager maintains information in its database that may be requested through a host. The form of the particular host request is dependent on the host environment. The following information is available through the host:

Category inventory data

Records for 100 volumes in the library for the category speciﬁed, starting after the sequence number speciﬁed by the request. If fewer than 100 volumes are in the category, all of the remaining records are returned. Each record contains the current status and media-type for a volume in the inventory.

Device data

Information about any particular device within the library. This information includes the device states, volser, and category of the mounted cartridge.

Expanded volume data

More detailed information about the current status and media-type for a speciﬁc volume than the volume data information request. It does not provide physical location information for the volume.

Inventory volume count

The number of volumes in the library for either the entire inventory or a speciﬁed category.

Inventory data

Records for 100 volumes in the library, starting after the volume speciﬁed by the request. If fewer than 100 volumes remain in the library, all of the

28 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

remaining records are returned. Each record contains the current status and media-type for a volume in the inventory.

Library information data

The current operational status of the library and basic library conﬁguration data with information on installed options.

Reserved category data

Information about the categories that have already been reserved within the library.

Statistical data

Information about the current workload and performance characteristics of the library.

Volume data

Information about the current status and media-type of speciﬁed volume.

Category attribute data

Information about the category attributes, for example, name.

Operational Modes and States

The 3494 operates in one of the following modes:

Auto Pause Manual

The operational states of the 3494 are as follows:

Online Offline

For a detailed description of these operations, see “Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States” on page 63.

Chapter 1. Introduction 29

30 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Chapter 2. Controls and Indicators

The controls and the indicators for the 3494 are described in this chapter. The 3494 is controlled through the use of the operator panel 1 (see Figure 21) on

the front of the control unit frame. The Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature 2 is also on the front of the control unit framenext to the operator panel, if it is installed. The handles 3 for opening the doors on the front of the frames are located next to the door locks 4. The library manager is in the rear of the control unit frame. The tape subsystem controls are on the front of the drives inside the control unit frame and drive unit frame.

Note: Two keys are supplied with the 3494. One key is used by the operators and

service personnel to open the front doors on the library. The other key is for use by service personnel to open the doors on the back of the library.

A06C0033

Figure 21. Control Unit Frame Front Door

Operator Panel

The 3494 operator panel is mounted on the front door of the control unit frame. Normal operation of the 3494 is controlled through the use of this operator panel.

Power Controls and Status Indicators

See Figure 22 on page 33 for the locations of the controls and indicators.

1 Unit Emergency switch

The Unit Emergency switch turns off power to the 3494 immediately and should only be used in an emergency. The Unit Emergency switch must be in the on position for the 3494 to be powered on.

Note: If the 3494 Library has more than eight frames, or has the optional

High Availability Model Service Bays, a second unit emergency switch is located at the right end of the Library. Either switch can be used to immediately turn off power.

Note: The 3494 Library Unit Emergency switches do not turn off power to

the attached stand-alone Model B18 Virtual Tape Server.

2 Unit Power switch

The Unit Power switch turns power on and off to the components inside the

3494. The Unit Power switch is used to power on and off the 3494 under normal conditions. Using the Unit Power switch to turn off power to the 3494 allows the library manager, Virtual Tape Servers, tape control units, and tape drives to shut down in an orderly manner.

3 Rack Power Ready LED

The Rack Power Ready light-emitting diode (LED), when lit, indicates the AC power is on in the 3494 control unit.

4 System Power Ready LED

The System Power Ready LED, when lit, indicates the AC power is on to the control units and drive units inside the 3494.

5 Power Off Pending LED

The Power Off Pending LED, when ﬂashing, indicates the power to the 3494 is being turned off.

6 Local Remote power switch

The Local Remote power switch allows the library’s power to be controlled by the switches on the operator panel (local) or through an AS/400 host (remote) if the Local Remote Power Feature is installed. The Local Remote switch must be in the local position if the remote power feature is not installed.

Attention: Pressing the Local Remote switch to the remote position, if the Local Remote Power feature is not installed, causes the 3494 to power off.

Motion Controls and Status Indicators

See Figure 22 on page 33 for the locations of the controls and indicators.

7 Auto mode switch and status LED

The Auto mode motion control switch allows the operator to place the library into Auto mode. The LED ﬂashes during the mode transition and

32 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

remains lit when in Auto mode. If the mode transition cannot be completed, the Intervention Required LED will light.

8 Pause mode switch and status LED

The Pause mode motion control switch allows the operator to place the library into Pause mode. The LED ﬂashes during the mode transition and remains lit when in Pause mode. If the mode transition cannot be completed, the Intervention Required LED will light.

9 Intervention Required LED

The Intervention Required LED, when lit, indicates operator interventions are required. See “Operator Intervention” on page 199 for instructions to perform operator interventions.

Figure 22. Operator Panel without Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature

Convenience Input⁄Output Station Status Indicators

If the Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature is installed on the 3494, four additional status lights are present on the operator panel. See Figure 23 on page 34 for the locations of the controls and the indicators.

1 Input Mode

The Input Mode LED, when lit, indicates that cartridges are in the Convenience Input⁄Output Station and the station is in Input mode.

2 Output Mode

The Output Mode LED, when lit, indicates that cartridges are being ejected from the library into the Convenience Input⁄Output Station.

3 Unload Required

The Unload Required LED, when lit, indicates that the Convenience Input⁄Output Station has ejected cartridges that need to be removed.

Chapter 2. Controls and Indicators 33

06C0065

4 Input⁄Output Locked

The I⁄O Locked LED, when lit, indicates that the Convenience Input⁄Output Station station is locked and being used by the cartridge accessor.

5Convenience Input/Output Station Operation Tab

The Convenience Input⁄Output Station operation tab is used to open the Convenience Input⁄Output Station door when the door is unlocked (when the I⁄O Locked LED is not lit).

Library Manager

06C0064

Figure 23. Operator Panel with Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature

The library manager display 1 (see Figure 24 on page 35) and keyboard (with pointing device) 2 are located in the rear of the control unit frame. The library manager is used to perform system administrator activities and advanced operator activities. The brightness and contrast controls for the library manager display are located on the back of the display. An optional Remote Library Manager Console feature is also available for installing in a remote location on a LAN environment.

The library manager display is shut off by the operating system software when there has been no activity by the operator. This “snooze” function is provided to conserve power and increase the reliability of the display hardware. If the library is powered on and the display is off, the operator can press any key on the keyboard to activate the display.

See “Selections with the Pointing Device” on page 92 for a detailed description on using the pointing device. The optional High Availability Model, Service Bay B, is similar in looks and function.

34 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

A06C0059

Figure 24. Library Manager

3490 Tape Subsystem Controls for Models C10, C11, C1A, C22, and C2A

The 3490E Model CXA control unit operator panel 1 and the 3490E Model CXA drive unit operator panel 2 (see Figure 25 on page 36) are accessible to the operator by opening the front door of the frame containing the tape subsystem to be accessed.

When 3490E subsystems are attached to the 3494, the following 3490E functions change:

Drive control

The loading and the unloading of volumes are controlled by the library manager. The 3490E subsystem communicates with the library manager to update the database with the drive status and the cartridge location information.

Message displays

The library manager controls which messages are displayed to prevent the messages from getting out of synchronization with the library manager during Manual mode operations.

Attention interrupt

The library manager can use the communication path to the 3490E subsystems to send information to the host.

For more information on 3490E controls and indicators, see

IBM 3490 Magnetic

Tape Subsystem Enhanced Capability Models C10, C11, C1A, C22, and C2A

Chapter 2. Controls and Indicators 35

Operator’s GuideorIBM 3490E Tape Subsystem Models F01, F1A, F11, and FC0 Installation, Planning and Operator’s Guide

Channel Status Enable A Disable A

Enable B Disable B

Ready Unload

Figure 25. 3490E Controls and Indicators

3490 Tape Subsystem Controls for Model F1A

Wait Error

IML

Power On

Power Off

XXXXXXXX

Protected

The 3490E Model F1A drive unit operator panel 1 is accessible to the operator by opening the front of the frame containing the tape subsystem to be accessed.

When 3490E subsystems are attached to the 3494, the following 3490E functions change:

Drive control

Message displays

The library manager controls which messages are displayed to prevent the messages from getting out of synchronization with the library manager during Manual mode operations.

Attention interrupt

The library manager can use the communication path to the 3490E subsystems to send information to the host.

36 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

For more information on 3490E controls and indicators, see

IBM 3490E Tape Subsystem Models F00, F01, F1A, and F11 Installation, Planning, and Operator’s Guide.

Figure 26. 3490E Controls and Indicators for Model F1A

3590 Model B1A Tape Subsystem Controls

The 3590 Model B1A operator panel 1 (see Figure 27 on page 38) is accessible to the operator by opening the front door of the frame containing the tape subsystem to be accessed.

Chapter 2. Controls and Indicators 37

A06O0001

Figure 27. 3590 Model B1A Operator Panel

When 3590 subsystems are attached to the 3494, the following 3590 functions change:

Drive control

The loading and unloading of volumes is controlled by the library manager. The 3590 subsystem communicates with the library manager to update the database with the drive status and cartridge location information.

Message displays

The library manager controls which messages are displayed to prevent the messages from getting out of synchronization with the library manager during Manual mode operations.

Attention interrupt

The library manager can use the communication path to the 3590 Model A00 subsystem to send information to the host.

For more information on 3590 controls and indicators, see

Performance Tape Subsystem User’s Guide

3494 Model B18 Operator Panel

The 3494 Model B18 Virtual Tape Server operator panel is mounted on the rear door of the unit frame.

Power Controls

Figure 28 on page 39 shows the location of the power control on the Model B18 VTS.

1 Unit Emergency switch

The Unit Emergency switch turns off power to the 3494 Model B18

38 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

IBM 3590 High

, GA32-0330.

immediately and should only be used in an emergency. Abrupt removal of power in case of emergency may cause loss of customer data. The Unit Emergency switch must be in the on position for the 3494 Model B18 to be powered on by the associated 3494 Library.

Note: The 3494 Model B18 Unit Emergency switch will not cause power to

be removed from the associated 3494 library.

Figure 28. Model B18 Virtual Tape Server Operator Panel

3494 Model B16 Virtual Tape Server Controls

All control functions for the Model B16 Virtual Tape Server are integrated into the library manager. See “Chapter 6. Advanced Operating Procedures” on page 85.

3494 Model B18 Virtual Tape Server Controls

All control functions for the Model B18 Virtual Tape Server, other than emergency power control, are integrated into the library manager. For more information, see “Chapter 6. Advanced Operating Procedures” on page 85. Refer to “3494 Model B18 Operator Panel” on page 38 for the Unit Emergency Switch Function.

Chapter 2. Controls and Indicators 39

40 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics

The operational characteristics of the 3494 are described in this chapter.

3490E/3590 Tape Subsystem Operation

The 3494 controls the loading, unloading, and affiliated operation of the tape subsystem in the library. No operator attendance is required unless the library is unable to recover from a subsystem problem.

In addition to existing tape subsystem error recovery, the control unit and the library manager execute additional recovery procedures when the tape drive detects a load, unload, or tension loss failure.

Virtual Tape Server

The IBM Magstar 3494 Model B16 or B18 Virtual Tape Server provides for a higher utilization of 3590 tape technology than enabled by current tape controller concepts. A Virtual Tape Server provides the improvement in utilization without impacting current operating system or independent software vendors. The subsystem combines the random access and high performance characteristics of disk storage with outboard hierarchical storage management and virtual tape drives to provide signiﬁcant reductions in the number of physical cartridges, tape drives, and automated libraries needed to store the customer tape data. The key concepts for the architecture of the subsystem are:

v Emulation of 32 or 64 3490-type tape drives v Tape volume cache v Storage management of the tape volume cache v Maintaining data fragments from copied volumes v Fast response for non-speciﬁc mount requests

Emulation of 3490-Type Tape Drives

From a host perspective, the Virtual Tape Server subsystem looks like two or four 3490E control units, each with 16 tape drives. Each emulated drive is called a virtual tape drive. The subsystem handles all 3490 tape commands. Emulating a 3490–type tape drive eliminates the need for host software support of a new type of tape drive in order to utilize the capacity of 3590–type tape drives. There is no direct relationship between a virtual tape drive and a real 3590 tape drive.

Data is written and read as if it is stored on a real Cartridge System Tape or an Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape. However, within the subsystem, data is stored on disks. All tape read and write commands are translated to read and write data records from or to disk storage. Tape marks are stored as special records on the disk storage as well. Volumes residing on disk storage are called virtual volumes.

The amount of data stored on a virtual volume is variable up to a maximum as determined by the media type selected. Two media types are emulated (standard Cartridge System Tape and Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape); they can hold up to 400MB or 800MB of customer data, respectively. The 3494 Model B18

with the ESCON High Performance Option (EHPO) feature emulates storage of up to 2.4 GB (3:1 compression) on the virtual Enhanced Capacity Cartridge System Tape.

All host interactions with data in a Virtual Tape Server subsystem are through virtual volumes and associated virtual tape drives; there is no direct access to the data on a physical cartridge or drive.

Tape Volume Cache

The size of the disk storage is large enough so more virtual volumes can be retained in it than just the ones currently associated with the virtual drives. After an application closes a virtual volume, if it was modiﬁed, a copy of it is made by the storage management software in the subsystem onto a physical tape. The virtual volume remains available on the disk storage until the space it occupies is needed to satisfy another mount request. Leaving the virtual volume in the disk storage allows for fast access to it during a subsequent request for the volume. The disk storage, and management of that space to keep volumes available after they are closed, is called the tape volume cache. The performance for mounting of a volume that is in the tape volume cache is quicker than if a real physical volume is mounted. Disk storage, in effect, caches the tape volumes and provides for fast access.

Storage Management of the Tape Volume Cache

Storage management software in the subsystem manages the contents of the tape volume cache. Virtual tape volumes are copied from the tape volume cache to physical tape when the virtual volume has been closed, and they are recalled from tape to the tape volume cache when they are again requested to be mounted. The storage management software stacks multiple migrated ﬁles onto a 3590 tape, thereby utilizing its storage capacity.

Maintaining Data Fragments from Copied Volumes

When the cache space occupied by a closed virtual tape volume is needed for other active virtual volumes, the data it represents is not completely removed. A fragment of the data is kept on disk storage. The data fragment includes information about the copied virtual volume so that it can be recalled and it also includes the ﬁrst several records from the last use of the volume. Normally, the ﬁrst few records on a tape contain a tape volume label, and enough data records are maintained to contain an IBM standard tape label plus any unique user label records.

Fast Response for Non-speciﬁc Mount Requests

When a non-speciﬁc mount is requested, the customer application is going to write data from the beginning of tape, overwriting any existing data on the tape. The host can request a non-speciﬁc mount in a 3494 by specifying a category instead of a speciﬁc volser in the mount request. The library manager then selects the next available volume assigned to the speciﬁed category to satisfy the host request. Within a Virtual Tape Server subsystem, the data fragment is used in conjunction with a mount from category request to provide very fast response times for non-speciﬁc mounts. Categories used for non-speciﬁc mounts are deﬁned through the library manager as “Fast Ready” categories (refer to Figure 98 on page 167). When a mount request speciﬁes a category deﬁned as “Fast Ready”, the mount is satisﬁed by accessing the data fragment in the tape volume cache associated with

42 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

the virtual volume selected by the library manager to satisfy the request. No recall of the data from the previous usage of the volume is performed because the fragment contains the label information needed by the host tape management software to validate the use of the volume for a non-speciﬁc mount request. The subsystem signals the host that the mount is complete when the fragment is accessed. The result is a very short mount response time because no physical movement or mounting of a cartridge is involved.

If a mount request speciﬁes a category that has not been deﬁned as “Fast Ready”, the library has no indication that the application intends to write from the beginning of the volume. It is likely that the selected virtual volume will not be resident in the tape volume cache and will have to be recalled from physical tape.

Deletion of VTS Logical Volume

Logical volumes in a VTS can only be deleted under the control of the attached hosts. A logical volume can be deleted only if it is in the Insert category or a category with a Fast-Ready attribute set (see “Set VTS Category Attributes” on page 166). When a logical volume is deleted, it is removed from the library’s inventory and any data that was associated with the volume is deleted. A logical volume which is in a Fast-Ready category is deleted from a VTS by performing the following steps. (A logical volume which is in the Insert category is deleted from a VTS by performing step 2 only).

1. Assigning the logical volume to a category within the library that has the

Fast-Ready attribute assigned. This is accomplished by the tape management system when the data associated with the volume reaches its expiration date and the volume is returned to the scratch pool.

2. Subsequently, assigning the logical volume to an eject category. This can be

done by asking that the volume be ejected from the library, using platform-speciﬁc library control interfaces; for example, with MVSE/ESA or OS/390, through the tape management interfaces, ISMF panels or MVS operator commands.

Note: Once a logical volume has been deleted from the library, data on the volume

is deleted and cannot be recovered.

Scratch Stacked Volumes

| | | | | | | |

It is essential that sufficient scratch stacked volumes be available for use by a VTS for copying a virtual volume when the volume is closed. A warning is provided when the Free Storage Threshold cannot be met with the scratch stacked volumes which are available. See the Set VTS Management Policies Pop-Up Window, shown in Figure 99 on page 169. The number of empty scratch volumes can be determined by using the Search Database for Volumes pop-up window, Figure 83 on page 140, with a Search Criteria of category FF03. The records found will be the count of empty scratch volumes.

The Reclaim Threshold Percentage as entered on the Set VTS Management Policies pop-up window becomes important when the supply of scratch stacked volumes is low. The VTS Space Reclamation Algorithm may impact the VTS performance when it is necessary to reclaim expired space on stacked volumes. A high Reclaim Threshold Percentage requires that more active data be moved (using VTS resources) to free the stacked volume for scratch use. As a general rule, you should try not to go above 30% to 40% as a Reclaim Threshold Percentage. It is better to add additional stacked volumes rather than raise this value. When there

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 43

| | | | |

are less than 10 scratch stacked volumes, the Inhibit Reclaim Schedule shown on the Set VTS Management Policies pop-up window, Figure 99 on page 169, will not be in effect and the VTS will proceed to reclaim space on stacked volumes until at least 15 scratch stacked volumes are available. This activity may affect the performance of the host jobs running on the VTS.

Integration with the 3494 Library

A Virtual Tape Server subsystem must be associated with an IBM library because the physical assets used by the subsystem are managed by the library manager in the library. The physical assets include the 3590 tape drives and the 3590 cartridges used for stacking logical volumes. The library manager provides several other key functions involving a Virtual Tape Server subsystem. These functions include:

v Logical library partitioning v Operator interface v Logical volume inventory

Logical Library Partitioning

To support the product requirement that a Virtual Tape Server subsystem can coexist with current 3490 and native 3590 subsystems in the same library, the library manager partitions the physical library into logical libraries. This must be done because a Virtual Tape Server subsystem presents the image of 3490-type tape drives, and yet cannot read or write a real 3490 cartridge. By placing a Virtual Tape Server subsystem in its own logical library, host software will not be able to attempt to allocate a Virtual Tape Server drive for a real 3490 mount and vice versa.

A logical library can contain either of the following:

v A single Virtual Tape Server subsystem v Current 3490 or native 3590 subsystems

Each logical library will have its own unique library sequence number and will look like a separate physical library to the hosts attached to the subsystems in that partition.

Note: Currently, up to two Virtual Tape Servers (only one of which may be a Model

SCSI Host Attachment

| | | | |

The SCSI Host Attachment feature provides attachment to RS/6000 systems. The sharing of a VTS among S/390 and RS/6000 systems requires assignment of virtual drive usage in a manner similar to stand-alone tape drives. Because only one host system at a time can use a drive, the drive has to be dedicated to that host during processing.

For a detailed discussion on tape library sharing between S/390 and SCSI hosts, including considerations about drive sharing, volume sharing and related software implementation steps, refer to

Dataservers Tape Library Introduction and Planning Guide

B16) are allowed in a physical library.

Guide to Sharing and Partitioning IBM Tape Library

, SG24-4409. The SCSI target addresses are discussed in

, GA32-0279.

IBM 3494

44 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Operator Interface

The library manager console is used to perform the setup, management, and status functions needed to support a Virtual Tape Server subsystem.

Logical Volume Inventory

The data base in the library manager is expanded to handle the large number of logical volumes that a Virtual Tape Server subsystem uses. There are also new operator functions which allow the addition of logical volumes by specifying a volume serial number range through the library manager console (refer to Figure 95

VTS Import/Export Overview

on page 164).

| | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

Import/Export Operations

The Import and Export operations provide a way to move logical volumes out of a VTS subsystem to physical cartridges called Exported Stacked Volumes and to return them to the same or move them to another VTS. Lists of volumes for Import or Export are provided to a VTS on logical volumes called the Import List Volume or the Export List Volume, which are resident in the VTS. The Status File on the Import or Export List Volume provides status for each logical volume being processed. See “Appendix B. Virtual Tape Server Import/Export Advanced Function”

on page 307 for information about preparing the Import or Export List Volume.

Import

The Import operation allows logical volumes which are stored on physical Exported Stacked Volumes to become logical volumes within a Virtual Tape Server. A speciﬁc volume or all volumes may be imported from Exported Stacked Volumes which have been entered into a library through the Convenience Input⁄Output Station and have been moved to the Import category by an operator at the Library Manager console. Host console messages provide status on progress and completion of the Import operation.

Export

The Export operation allows customer data on logical volumes in a Virtual Tape Server to be removed from the VTS onto physical Exported Stacked Volumes. The list of volumes to export and a destination for each volume is provided by the host operator or tape management system. Logical volumes with the same destination are grouped on the same Exported Stacked Volume and this physical volume is then moved into a category which allows an operator at the Library Manager console to eject the cartridge through the Convenience Input⁄Output Station for storage outside the library or movement to another tape library to be imported into a VTS. Host console messages provide status on progress and success of the Export operation.

Local and Remote Power Control

The local power is controlled by the operator using a switch at the operator control panel. See “Changing from Local to Remote Power” on page 76 and “Changing from Remote to Local Power” on page 76 for operating instructions.

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 45

The remote power control, a 3494 feature for AS/400, supports both local and remote power controls. When the library is in local power mode, an operator can activate the power-on and the power-off sequences.

When in remote power mode, each host, through its AS/400 interface, can request that the power-on or power-off sequence be initiated. Any host requesting a power-on sequence will cause the 3494 to power on unless the library is already powered on. Only the last host requesting the library to power off will initiate a power off-sequence.

Operator Involvement

During normal automated operation, no operator attendance is required except to add or to remove cartridges.

Operator assistance is required if an error or exception condition occurs from which the library cannot recover on its own. Depending on the type of error or exception condition experienced, some or all of the library operations are suspended until the problem is corrected. If an error occurs that prevents the movement of cartridges, the library manager suspends performing requests that require cartridge accessor movement. The operator can use the library manager or the remote library manager console (if the optional Remote Library Manager Console feature is installed) to identify the cause of the error. If the operator can correct the error, the library may be placed in Pause mode, and the front doors may be opened to provide operator access. After the problem is resolved, the library may be returned to Auto mode.

If the problem cannot be resolved by the operator, the operator may start Manual mode operations in the library. When in Manual mode, the library manager instructs the operator to perform manual mount and demount operations until the problem is resolved by a service representative. After the problem is resolved, the operator can return the library to Auto mode.

Note: When the high availability model is installed, control will automatically switch

to the ‘hot standby’ component and the failed component will be marked unavailable. Concurrent maintenance can be performed to repair the failing unit. Operator involvement is needed only when a second failure occurs before the ﬁrst failure is repaired.

System Administrator Involvement

Normal daily operations of the library do not require any system administrator involvement. System administrator involvement may be required if an error condition occurs that cannot be resolved by the operator. A system administrator can obtain operational and performance information from the library manager or the remote library manager console (if the optional Remote Library Manager Console feature is installed) at any time.

The system administrator may also use the library manager or remote library manager console to search for cartridges in the library that have problems with their external labels, cartridges that have been misplaced or have other problems that need to be corrected.

Note: The tasks performed by a system administrator are typically

password-protected to prevent unauthorized personnel from inadvertently or

46 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

intentionally damaging the library manager database or other operations. Use of password-protection is optional.

Error Detection and Reporting

When the library is powered on, the library manager, the 3490E/3590 tape subsystems and Virtual Tape Servers perform power-on diagnostics. The library performs real-time error detection, fault isolation, error reporting, and error recovery during normal operation.

In the event of a failure, the information is reported to the attached hosts for logging and possible host recovery actions. When appropriate, host console messages are posted by the library drive support software in the control program to request operator-required actions or to present information for the operator. Refer to “Chapter 7. Remote Library Manager Console Feature” on page 241.

Inventory Update

When inventory update is enabled and a door is opened then closed, an inventory update is performed upon the return to auto mode. This process checks all of the cartridge storage cells in the frames that had doors opened, and depending on the selection made during the teach process, may also check any adjacent frames to the frames that had doors opened.

Note: The drive feeds are also inventoried. During an inventory update, processing of Audit and Eject operations are held until

the update has been completed. Selected mounts and demounts are processed, depending on where the cartridge resides. No mounts or demounts are performed on cartridges which reside in a rack that must be veriﬁed in the inventory update operation, until the inventory update is complete. The duration of the inventory update is affected by the number of database updates required and the number of mounts and demounts that are done concurrently with the inventory update.

The Disable Inventory Update option is made available to the operator, at the mode selection window, when the library is powered on. This option, if selected, disables the inventory update during a cold start of the library, and speeds up the process of bringing the library Online. Selecting Disable Inventory Update at the mode selection window does not disable Inventory Update during normal operation.

A Disable Inventory Update option is available from the Commands pull-down. This option disables the inventory update process on a cold start of the library, during normal operations, and speeds up the process of changing modes after the doors on the library are opened.

Note: The Disable Inventory Update option is not recommended for users who

open the library doors to add and to remove cartridges because no changes in the library inventory are noted until inventory update is performed.If cartridge inserts and ejects are handled through the Convenience Input⁄Output Station or High-Capacity Input/Output Facility, then running with Inventory Update disabled will speed operation. When the doors have opened, Partial Inventory Update can be selected from the Commands pull-down; this provides the most customer ﬂexibility.

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 47

The Enable Inventory Update option is also available from the Commands pull-down. This option allows the user to enable the inventory update process. Inventory Update would then be done on all doors at initialization and following manual mode and to all doors opened on the transition from pause to auto.

Inventory update determines if any cartridges have been added, removed, or moved, and the library manager updates the cartridge inventory. During inventory update, one of the three following activities takes place:

v If a cartridge is found in its expected location, no update takes place. v If a cartridge is found that is not in the inventory, the inventory is updated, with

volser added to the Insert category.

v If a cartridge in the inventory is not found, it is placed in the manually ejected

category.

v If an unlabeled cartridge is found, the cartridge is ejected from the library unless

the unlabeled cartridge was inserted by using the Unlabeled Tape facility and the unlabeled cartridge is found in its home cell.

See “Insert Unlabeled Cartridges” on page 184 for information regarding the use of unlabeled cartridges.

Volume Categories

The host can associate volumes into logical groupings in the library. A logical grouping is called a category, which the library manager identiﬁes by a hexadecimal number from 0000 to FFFF. Table 3 shows the assignment of the categories.

The library manager maintains the order in which volumes are added to a category. The volumes chosen from a category are managed by a ﬁrst-in ﬁrst-out (FIFO) rule. However, if during the choosing of a volume from a category, the next volume is in use, inaccessible, or misplaced, the volume is skipped and the next available volume is chosen.

Note: For logical volumes in a “Fast-Ready” category, an odd/even volser selection

algorithm is used to maximize VTS performance.

Table 3. Volume Categories

Category (in hex) Name Deﬁnition

0000 Null Set when the library command speciﬁes that the

category already associated with the volume is to be used or the command does not specify a category. Using the null category does not affect the volume’s order within the category to which it is assigned. Logical volumes are also added to the FF00 when they are inserted via the panel. See “Insert VTS Logical Volumes” on page 163

0001 to FEFF

Note: Categories FF00 to FFFE are reserved for hardware functions.

General programming use

Assigned by the host control program.

48 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Table 3. Volume Categories (continued)

Category (in hex) Name Deﬁnition

FF00 Insert Set when a tape volume is added to the inventory. The

3494 reads the external label on the volume, creates an inventory entry for the volume, and assigns the volume to this category. The attached hosts are notiﬁed when one or more volumes are assigned to this category. Logical volumes are also added to the FF00 when they are inserted via an operator panel. See “Insert VTS Logical Volumes” on page 163 for more information.

FF01 Virtual Tape Server

(VTS) Insert

Set when a stacked tape volume associated with a VTS is added to the inventory. The 3494 reads the external label on the volume, creates an inventory entry for the volume, uses the volser ranges to associate the volume with a VTS, and assigns the volume to this category. The associated VTS is notiﬁed when one or more volumes are assigned to this category.

FF03 VTS Scratch Assigned by the VTS to stacked volumes that are

scratch in the VTS.

FF04 VTS Private Assigned by the VTS to stacked volumes that are

private in the VTS.

FF05,

VTS disaster recovery Used by the VTS during disaster recovery operations.

FF06 FF07 to

— Reserved

FF0F FF10 Convenience eject Set when the library manager accepts an eject

request. The volume becomes eject pending and the 3494 queues the tape volume to be moved to the Convenience Input⁄Output Station. When the cartridge accessor delivers the volume to the Convenience Input⁄Output Station, it is deleted from the inventory.

Logical volumes can be ejected if they are in the Insert category or a category deﬁned as “Fast-Ready”, and they are not in use. When a logical volume is ejected, it is deleted from the inventory.

FF11 Bulk eject Set when a library manager accepts an eject request.

The volume becomes eject pending and the 3494 queues the tape volume to be moved to the high-capacity output facility. When the cartridge accessor delivers the volume to the output rack, it is deleted from the inventory.

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 49

Table 3. Volume Categories (continued)

Category (in hex) Name Deﬁnition

|||| | | | | | | | |

||| | | |

||| | | | | | | | |

|||| | | | |

||| | | | | | | | | |

||| | | | | | |

||||

FF12 Export-Pending

Physical Volume States

A volume is in the inventory if an entry (in the inventory) for the volser is in the database. The following states are associated with a physical volume:

Inaccessible

A volume is in the library manager inventory, but is currently in a location that is not accessible by the cartridge accessor.

Misplaced

A volume is in the inventory, and the library manager determines that it is not in the position indicated by the inventory.

Mounted

A volume is currently mounted on a drive or a mount was accepted for the volume.

Unreadable

The vision system read the external bar-code label on a volume that has a defect in the external label or the volume does not have an external label. This state is not modiﬁed if the vision system is not operational.

Manual mode

The volume required movement when the 3494 was in Manual mode. The volume is ﬂagged in the inventory as a Manual mode volume until it is successfully moved or audited in Auto mode or during inventory update.

Logical Volume States

A volume is in the inventory if an entry (in the inventory) for the volser is in the database. The following state is associated with a logical volume:

Mounted

A volume is currently mounted on a drive or a mount was accepted for the volume.

Physical Volser Validity Checking

As a physical cartridge is added to the tape library inventory, the library manager checks the volser to ensure that it is readable, is not already in the inventory, and is not otherwise invalid.

| | |

| |

The Convenience Input⁄Output Station will be in either Import Mode or Insert Mode, depending upon the capabilities of the VTSs in the library and the conﬁguration of the library.

The Convenience Input⁄Output Station is in Insert Mode when the library does not have a VTS that is capable of Import/Export operations.

The Convenience Input⁄Output Station is in Import Mode when the library has at least one VTS that is capable of Import/Export operations.

| | | |

The mode of the Convenience Input⁄Output Station is stored so that the Library Manager “remembers” the mode across shutdowns. Once the mode is determined, the stored mode is used each time the Library Manager initializes. The mode will change if the conﬁguration changes or the VTS capabilities change.

52 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

| | | | | |

When the Convenience Input⁄Output Station is in Import mode, any J-type cartridge (High-Performance Cartridge Tape) is added to the database in the Unassigned category. Using the Manage Unassigned Volumes panel, shown in Figure 129 on page 202, the operator can assign the volumes in the Unassigned category to the Import category, assign volumes to the appropriate Insert category and partition based on the volser ranges, or eject a volume.

If any character of the volser cannot be read or any character is invalid (not A–Z or 0–9 or blank), the volser is not added to the inventory and the cartridge is ejected to an Input/Output Station. A volume notiﬁcation message is sent to all attached hosts indicating that a volume remains in the Input/Output Station with an invalid or unreadable label. If this happens, the operator must determine why the volser is unreadable and correct the label before trying to reinsert the cartridge.

If the cartridge media type cannot be determined by the vision system, and the volser does not ﬁt into an established volser range, and a default media type is not deﬁned, then the cartridge will be ejected from the library to an input/output station.

When a volser is inserted in the Convenience Input⁄Output Station that is already in the inventory (a possible duplicate volser), an audit is performed.

If the volser is a duplicate, the cartridge is ejected to the Convenience Input⁄Output Station. If the volser is not a duplicate, the cartridge from the Convenience Input⁄Output Station is left in the new home cell.

misplacedorinaccessible volume

If the reset and a notiﬁcation is sent to all attached hosts that indicates the volume was found or made accessible again. Also, if the indicator was set, it is reset.

A notiﬁcation that describes the results of the audit is sent to all attached hosts. Note: A service volume found in the Convenience Input⁄Output Station causes a

validity check because its volser contains an invalid character—an embedded blank. A service volume must, instead, be placed in the cell reserved for it in the Control Unit frame, or be inserted using a special service volume insert process available in Service Mode.

Logical Volser Validity Checking

When logical volumes are inserted into the library (refer to “Insert VTS Logical Volumes” on page 163), the library manager checks the volser range values for validity.

The Insert Logical Volumes function is not performed if the volser range characters are invalid (not A-Z or 0-9), there are fewer than 6 characters, or if the two volsers entered are not the same format. Corresponding characters in each volser must both be either alphabetic or numeric. For example, AAA998 and AAB114 are of the same form, whereas AA9998 and AAB114 are not.

indicators are set in the database, they are

volume was used during Manual mode

Logical volume volsers must be unique within a physical library. If a volser already exists in the database for any logical library (non-VTS or VTS), the logical volume is not inserted. The Library Manager then attempts to insert the next logical volume.

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 53

Command Priorities in the Queue

The library manager manages the operations queue with a set of priority levels. The library manager places operation requests in the queue in priorities from 0 through

9. A command priority of 0 is the highest priority and a command priority of 9 is the lowest priority. The priorities are established so Mount requests take precedence over any other operation, except for operations that must be executed on a priority basis. Therefore, priority level 0 is reserved for internally generated operations, while host requests start with priority level 1.

Higher priority operations are taken from the queue ﬁrst. Within a priority level, operations are taken ﬁrst-in ﬁrst-out (FIFO). (The order may be shuffled if commands get requeued because something, such as an I/O station, may be busy).

Priority Levels

Table 4 shows the priority levels, the operations in each level, and the operations that the operator can promote to priority 2. The highest priority that an operator can promote a queued operation is Level 2.

Note: If a priority 3 operation is in the queue for a speciﬁed period of time, it is

automatically promoted to a priority 2. This prevents priority 3 mounts from being “blocked out” by higher priority operations.

Table 4. Command Queue Priorities

Priority Operations Promotable

0 Inventory update — 1

| |

3 Mount speciﬁc volser Yes 4

5 Audit volser Yes 6 Reserved — 7 Demount Yes 8 Reserved — 9 Offline command —

v Mount from category v Mount from input station operations v Mount cleaner cartridge v Export v Import

v Promoted by operator v Logical Mount - category or speciﬁc

v Move cartridge from input station v Unlabeled tape operations v Eject volser

—

Yes

For details on Mount Operations, Demount Operations, and Audit Operations, see “Host-Initiated Operations” on page 55.

54 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Operations

The 3494 performs host-initiated and stand-alone operations.

Host-Initiated Operations

The following are host-initiated operations:

v Mount operations v Demount operations v Eject operations v Audit operations v Import operations v Export operations

Mount Operations

Host-initiated mount operations result in either a physical or logical mount being performed by the library. Whether the host-initiated mount is physical or logical is determined by the drive address to which the mount is issued. When issued to a drive address within a Virtual Tape Server, the library performs a logical mount operation. For all other drive addresses, a physical mount operation is performed.

The library manager directs the cartridge accessor to move a physical volume from its current location to the speciﬁed drive. The following are types of mount operations:

Mount speciﬁc

The speciﬁc volser to be mounted is speciﬁed in the mount request.

Mount from category

The volser to be mounted is picked from the speciﬁed category in the mount request.

Physical mount operations result in a volume being placed in a drive and loaded by the drive. Physical mounts are performed by the cartridge accessor.

Mounts for logical volumes are performed by the Virtual Tape Server. They may or may not require a physical mount.

Logical mount operations result in a virtual volume being made available to the host through a virtual tape drive. Following are the types of logical mount operations:

Fast-Ready Mount

The host requested a category mount and the category was designated as a “Fast-Ready” category. This type of mount selects a volser from the speciﬁed category and logically mounts it on the virtual tape drive. An odd/even volser selection algorithm is used to maximize VTS performance. No recall of the data from the prior use of the volser from physical tape is performed.

Cache Mount

The host requested a speciﬁc volser and the virtual volume for that volser is resident in the tape volume cache. No recall of data from a physical tape is performed.

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 55

Physical Mount Required

The host requested a speciﬁc volser or speciﬁed a category that was not designated as a “Fast-Ready” category. The volser needed to satisfy that the mount operation is not resident in the tape volume cache and must be recalled from the physical tape. The library manager directs the cartridge accessor to move the required physical volume to one of the 3590 tape drives managed by the VTS so the recall operation can be performed.

Demount Operations

The 3494 performs a physical demount operation whenever a volume is unloaded from a physical tape drive. A similar operation occurs for the virtual tape drives within a Virtual Tape Server. When a virtual volume is unloaded from a virtual tape drive, a logical demount operation is performed.

The following are two types of demount operations: v A demount has been requested and the volume is currently at the tape drive.

For a physical demount, this operation is used to move a volume from a tape drive to a storage cell. When the volume is placed in the storage cell, the demount is considered complete.

For a logical demount, this operation updates the status of the virtual volume in the library manager database to indicate that it is no longer mounted. No physical movement of a volume is involved.

v A demount has been requested and the volume has not yet been mounted.

This operation is used to cancel a mount operation that has not been started. The library recognizes that since a demount request has been received for a mount that has not yet taken place, the host must not really want the mount to take place. Therefore, the demount request and the mount request cancel each other.

Eject Operations

An eject operation results in a physical cartridge being placed in a cell of an output facility in the library. The type of output facility may be either the Convenience Input⁄Output Station or the High-Capacity output facility and is speciﬁed by the host as part of the eject request. An eject request is considered complete when the speciﬁed cartridge is placed in the cell of an output station. On completion, the speciﬁed volume is removed from the library manager inventory.

Logical volumes managed by a Virtual Tape Server cannot be ejected from the library unless they are assigned to the Insert category or a category designated as a “Fast-Ready” category. Any host request to eject a logical volume not in the Insert category or a “Fast-Ready” category will fail. An ejected logical volume is removed from the library manager inventory.

Audit Operations

The purpose of an audit is to ensure (by using the vision system) that the physical cartridge associated with the volser speciﬁed in the request is physically in the library where expected. If the volser speciﬁed in the request is a physical volume that is in the library manager’s inventory, the audit operation checks the external label of the cartridge in the storage cell speciﬁed in the library manager database. It must match what is in the database. If the volume is mounted on a tape drive, the audit is held until the volume is demounted and returned to its storage cell.

56 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Export Operations

If the volser speciﬁed is a logical volume in the library manager’s inventory, the library manager determines the physical volume the logical volume resides on and performs an audit of that physical volume. The audit operation is successful if the physical volume is found in the expected storage cell or if it is currently mounted on a physical drive in the Virtual Tape Server.

An audit operation for a volser that has been placed in an output facility of the library will fail because the volser is no longer in the library manager’s inventory.

Audit operations are queued in the library manager and have a lower execution priority than mounts. An audit operation is complete when validation of the location of the speciﬁed volser has been attempted and the host has been notiﬁed of the success or failure of the validation.

| | | | | | | | | |

Import Operations

| | | | | | | |

The Export operation allows logical volumes within a VTS to be copied to physical Exported Stacked Volumes that can be removed from a library. The logical volumes are deleted from the VTS and are no longer accessible in the VTS. A destination for each logical volume may be speciﬁed in order to create one or more Exported Stacked Volumes for a destination. Prior to executing the Export operation, it is necessary to provide a list of logical volumes to be exported as described in “Appendix B. Virtual Tape Server Import/Export Advanced Function” on page 307. Exported Stacked Volumes may be ejected from the Export-Hold category by using the Manage Export-Hold Volumes pop-up window, shown in Figure 132 on page 206 .

The Import operation allows one or more logical volumes from Exported Stacked Volumes to be copied into a VTS. The Exported Stacked Volumes must be inserted into the library by using the Convenience Input⁄Output Station and a list of logical volumes to be imported must be provided as described in “Appendix B. Virtual Tape Server Import/Export Advanced Function” on page 307. Exported Stacked Volumes remain in the Import category upon completion of the Import operation for further disposition by an operator using the Manage Import Volumes pop-up window, Figure 130 on page 204.

Stand-Alone Operations

Stand-alone operations may be performed by using stand-alone software when a host cannot send mount commands to the library. Some examples are as follows:

Stand-alone dump

The host must receive an initial program load (IPL) from tape, and then dump the host memory contents to a separate tape. The tape may then be mounted later under the control of a host.

Stand-alone restore

The host must receive an IPL with a function to restore the contents of DASD volumes from data stored on the tape volumes. After the DASD volumes are restored, the host system may receive an IPL with restored DASD volumes.

Following are the two types of stand-alone operations:

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 57

Using automatic cartridge loader mode

Although the tape drives in the 3494 do not have automatic cartridge loaders, the 3494 allows for automatic mounting of the next cartridge, of a predeﬁned sequential set, in a speciﬁed library tape drive. The 3494 supports the assignment of cartridges to a special category, the assignment of a speciﬁed drive for restricted use with the special category, and the ending of the restricted usage of a tape drive.

Mounting transient tape cartridges

Note: The Convenience Input⁄Output Station feature must be installed to

take advantage of this function. The 3494 Mount from Input Station function supports special usage of the Convenience Input⁄Output Station for the use of transient tape cartridges that are not part of the 3494 inventory. In this special-use mode, tape cartridges in the Convenience Input⁄Output Station are sequentially mounted, used (read or written), demounted, and returned to the Convenience Input⁄Output Station. This function is available as a selection from the Commands pull-down.

See “Stand-Alone Device” on page 180 for more information on stand-alone operations.

Initial Cartridge Installation

Physical cartridges may be loaded into the library after the hardware installation is complete. The loading of physical cartridges can take place prior to the teach operation and the inventory operation. Logical volumes can be inserted after a teach. The following types of cartridges may be loaded:

Customer volumes

Customer volumes are the initial set of data and scratch volumes to be automated. Any number of cartridges may be added to the library up to the maximum available cartridge storage cells in the library.

Cleaner volumes

One cleaner volume should be installed in the library for each frame that contains a tape subsystem. The cleaner cartridge type (3490E/3590) depends on whether the tape subsystem uses 3490 or 3590 media. The cleaner cartridges may be place in any available cell.

Note: The external volser must match the mask value that is provided, or

the inventory operation will treat the cleaner cartridge as a normal

customer volume.

Service volume

One or two service volumes are installed in the library by the service representative depending on the library conﬁguration.

Logical Volumes

If a Virtual Tape Server (VTS) is installed, logical volumes are inserted into the library using the “Insert Logical Volumes” panel. Refer to Figure 95 on page 164.

58 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Stacked Volumes

If a Virtual Tape Server is installed, the 3590 High Performance Cartridge Tapes that it will use to store and manage logical volumes cannot be loaded into the library without ﬁrst:

v Performing an initial teach of the library. v Setting up one or more volser ranges that identify the stacked volumes

that the Virtual Tape Server will manage. See “Volser Range for Media Types” on page 161 for a description of how to enter the volser ranges.

Cartridge Placement

When you place cartridges into the library, performance will be improved if you adhere to the following guidelines:

v On initial loading of cartridges into the library, cluster cartridges around the tape

subsystems they will be used with.

v For Inventory Update Inserts, place cartridges as near as possible to the tape

subsystems on which you intend to issue mounts for those volumes.

v 3590 cartridges that will be used as stacked volumes for a particular VTS system

should be placed in cells close to those drives associated with the VTS.

Initial Volume Inventory Upload

After the 3494 completes all the initialization operations (including teach and inventory) and enters the Online state for the ﬁrst time, the host software requests an upload of the volume inventory. The information from the library manager database is uploaded to the attached hosts before host applications can use the

3494. The process to upload the information requires no operator action.

Host Operation Control

The host operation control of the 3494 is operating-system dependent. Because the 3494 operates under a variety of host operating systems, you must be familiar with the operating system for your library and the required protocol.

For more information about the host operating systems, see the

Introduction and Planning Guide

and “Related Information” on page xiv.

Actions to Avoid when Operating a 3494

This section gives two lists of actions to avoid when operating a 3494. The ﬁrst list (Things you should Never do) is the most important, as these actions can result in serious problems. The second list is also important, but these actions are more readily corrected and will result in problems of a less serious nature.

IBM 3494

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 59

Things You Should Never Do

This section gives a list of actions that you should never perform when operating a

3494. Failure to follow these recommendations will result in serious problems, including severe performance degradation.

v Never remove cartridges from tape drives unless told to do so by the Library

Manager. Moving a cartridge can result in it being marked misplaced or inaccessible. The Library Manager will automatically clear the drive while in Automatic mode. Here are some cases where the Library Manager will indicate that the operator should clear the drive:

– An operator intervention indicates that a tape drive failure has occurred and

the cartridge should be removed from the speciﬁed drive.

– A re-inventory of the complete system has been requested. At this time all

cartridges should be removed from the drives and placed in empty cells. The re-inventory scans all cells and recreates the inventory database.

– If the library is being used in Manual Mode and a mount is requested for a

drive that has a cartridge in its feed slot, the cartridge should be removed from the drive so the mount can be performed. On returning to Automatic mode, cartridges which are already loaded in the drives or in the feed slot should be left in place.

v Never insert more cartridges into empty cells in the library than there are free

cells indicated on the Operational Status panel. This is because cartridges currently loaded on drives must have a cell available when they are unloaded from the drive.

v Never insert cartridges into empty cells or move cartridges around in the library

unless the Inventory Update function is enabled. Unless these cells are scanned on returning to Automatic Mode, the Library Manager will not be able to tell which cartridges have been added or moved.

v Never fail to save the logical volumes associated with a VTS during a

Re-inventory Complete System unless they truly need to be deleted.

v Never leave Manual Mode until mounts that were started (cartridges that were

physically placed in the feed slot of a drive) have been cleared from the Manual Mode panel.

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v Never place Exported Stacked Volumes in the High-Capacity Input/Output Facility

or into free cells in the library. This would cause them to be inserted as scratch volumes, and the data on them would be permanently lost.

v Never load a drive without being told to do so by the Library Manager (which

only occurs in Manual Mode). If you need to load a cartridge without entering it into the library database, use the Mount From Input Station function.

Things You Should Try to Avoid Doing

This section gives a list of actions you should avoid when operating a 3494, but whose consequences are less serious than those in the list above. Failure to follow these recommendations may still cause signiﬁcant performance degradation.

v Avoid leaving the Convenience Input⁄Output Station door open. After several

minutes this will result in an operator intervention being sent to the host indicating the Convenience Input⁄Output Station door is open.

v Avoid running with the library completely full. Running with a full library makes it

impossible to insert any more cartridges into the library and results in cartridges being left in the I/O stations (Convenience and High-Capacity). It may also hinder

60 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

recovery of misplaced or inaccessible cartridges, which would have to be recovered through the error recovery cell one at a time.

v Avoid running large database searches (for instance, searching for all volsers in

the library) from the Database pull-down while the library is busy. This can tie up the database and cause performance degradation.

v Avoid opening the enclosure doors without ﬁrst pausing the accessors.

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics 61

62 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States

The operational modes and states, and informational states of the 3494 are described in this chapter.

The current status of the library manager is deﬁned as follows:

v Operational mode v Operational state v Informational state

The operational mode and state information are available through the library manager console, or the remote library manager console if the optional Remote Library Manager Console feature is installed. To view this information, do the following:

Select Status from the Operator pull-down menu Select System summary

Note: If the display appears blank, press any key on the keyboard to activate

the display.

Operational Modes

Auto Mode

Pause Mode

The library operates in one of the following modes:

In this mode, the cartridge accessor is operational. All commands are managed by the library manager under host program control or from the library manager console. The front doors of the library must be closed to operate in Auto mode.

In this mode, the processing of Mount, Demount, Eject, and Audit requests is suspended. The 3494 enters this mode automatically when a failure prevents automatic operation or when instructed from the library manager console or the operator panel. This mode allows the operator to open the front doors on the library to correct an intervention condition or to insert cartridges into the library or remove cartridges from the high-capacity output facility. All Host requests for Mount, Demount, Eject, and Audit operations are queued until the 3494 is returned to Auto mode.

When the operator changes the mode from Auto to Pause, the library manager instructs the cartridge accessor to park. If an error condition occurs, power is immediately removed from the cartridge accessor and any operations in progress are suspended.

Manual Mode

In this mode, the cartridge accessor is parked in the home position, if possible, or moved by the operator to gain access to the desired cartridge or drive. The library manager provides instructions to the operator to perform tasks that are normally

performed automatically. This mode allows the operator to perform library tasks, for

Additional Operational Modes in the HA1 Environment

example, mounting and ejecting, until the 3494 is returned to Auto mode.

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In a Library with the HA1 feature attached, one library manager is active, and the other is standby. Figure 29 shows the screen for the active Library Manager, and Figure 30 on page 65 shows the screen for the standby Library Manager.

Figure 29. Active Library Manager

64 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Home Cell Mode

Operational States

Figure 30. Standby Library Manager

The library operates in either ﬁxed home cell or ﬂoating home cell mode. The home cell mode selection is made by the service representative, during the teach process, as follows:

Fixed home cell

Fixed home cell mode assigns each physical cartridge to a ﬁxed storage cell location when it enters the library, and it is always returned to the same location after it is used.

Floating home cell

A physical cartridge is put into a cartridge cell location that optimizes performance.

Notes:

1. Regardless of the mode speciﬁed during installation, the library only operates in ﬁxed home cell mode when in Manual mode.

The library operates in one of the following operational states:

Library manager initialization

The tape library starts the library manager application, power-on and interface veriﬁcation tests, library manager database veriﬁcation, and restarts error recovery (if applicable).

Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States 65

Initialization complete

The tape library starts the library manager application and determines the operational mode and state. The mode and state are based on the availability conditions of the components and whether the 3494 is taught and inventoried. If the 3494is taught and inventoried, the library manager waits for one of the following conditions:

v An operator instruction to proceed to an operation mode and operational state. v A time-out interval expires and causes the 3494 to go to the default operational

mode and operational state set by the availability conditions of the tape library components.

Online State

In this state, the library manager accepts and processes host commands.

Offline State

In this state, the library manager does not accept or process host commands. Commands received before entering the Offline state are processed.

Operations performed while the 3494 is in the Offline state, such as inventory, do not report errors to the host. Messages that may occur during Offline operations are displayed on the library manager console and the remote library manager console if the optional Remote Library Manager Console feature is installed.

Shutdown pending

The library manager closes and exits the library manager application.

Library Manager Switchover in Progress

When the high availability model is attached, this condition occurs when the active and standby library managers switch roles. This can occur on a failure or request by the operator. The library manager is in this state until the switchover completes.

Note: In case of a Library Manager failure, all attached hosts are notiﬁed and the

library is taken off line. There is a short delay while the switchover completes and the operator must then vary the library on line. Any tape job that abended (including those that use logical drives of a Virtual Tape Server) must be resubmitted, and failed in-process tape operations must be reissued. Library Manager console operations being performed by the operator, including VTS-related operations, may require a restart.

Accessor Switchover in Progress

When the high availability model is attached, this condition occurs when the active and standby accessors switch roles. This can occur on a failure or request by the operator. The library is in this state until the switchover completes.

66 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Dual Active Accessor Status

When the dual active accessors feature is installed, it may be enabled or disabled. Figure 31 shows the pop-up window for the transition into the dual active accessor mode, and Figure 32 shows the pop-up window for the transition out of dual active accessor mode. Each of these windows is shown until the transition is complete.

Figure 31. Dual Active Accessor Status — enabling

Figure 32. Dual Active Accessor Status — disabling

Informational States

In addition to the operational states, the following informational states further deﬁne the state of the 3494 (one or more of which can occur at the same time):

Degraded operation

Safety interlocks open

Vision System non-operational

Indicates that a component of the library is unavailable (except 3490E/3590 and Virtual Tape Server subsystems). When Model HA1 or the Dual Active Accessors feature is installed, this includes the ability of the standby library manager or the standby accessor to take over in the event of a failure.

Indicates that an interlock (front door) on the safety circuit is open.

Indicates that the vision system has failed and is unable to read the external volume labels on the cartridges.

Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States 67

Intervention required

Indicates that a condition in the tape library must be corrected by operator intervention.

Library manager check-1 condition

Indicates that the library manager has detected an unrecoverable condition that does not allow continued execution of host requests, and will attempt to re-initialize or switch to the standby library manager if the high availability model is installed to correct the problem.

All storage cells full

Indicates that all of the customer storage cells in the library have cartridges assigned to them.

Out of cleaner volumes

Indicates that a clean operation is required; however, there are no usable cleaner volumes of the right media type in the tape library.

Note: This informational state is entered in a mixed tape drive system

(3490E/3590), if either type of cleaner cartridge is missing.

Dual write disabled

Indicates that the process that keeps the secondary database in sync with the primary database is not running. This is normal if the second hard drive feature that provides a secondary database is not installed.

Relationship between Operational Modes and States

When an operational mode or state change is requested, the library manager must perform some steps before the change is completed. During this transition period, the immediate mode or state of the tape library is example, if the tape library is in the Online state and a request is made to enter the Offline state, the immediate operational state is Summary window on the library manager console indicates whether the mode or state is pending. Sometimes the change between the modes and the states occurs quickly, and the pending status is displayed brieﬂy.

modeorstate pending

Offline Pending.

Operational Mode Transitions

The library is only in one operational mode at any one time. When a change in operational mode is requested from the library manager, a

pop-up window is displayed that allows the operator to conﬁrm the mode change request.

Note: This applies to the active library when the high availability model is installed.

Pause Mode to Auto Mode

A request to enter Auto mode can be performed by the operator using the operator panel (see “Changing to Auto Mode” on page 76) or by using the library manager. However the request is generated, the status of the 3494 is checked.

. For

The System

When a request to enter Auto mode is started using the library manager, the following actions occur during the change from Pause mode to Auto mode:

68 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

1. The library manager checks the status of the interface to the cartridge accessor. If it is not available, a pop-up window is displayed indicating the cartridge accessor interface is unavailable. The operator can cancel the request to Auto mode.

2. The library manager checks the cartridge accessor status. If it is not available because of a previous failure, the accessor is tested to see if it can be made available. If it can be made available, the transition to automatic is attempted. If a hardware problem is detected, the library returns to Pause and a pop-up window indicates the cartridge accessor is unavailable. The operator can cancel the request to Auto mode.

3. The library manager checks the power status of the cartridge accessor. If power is not on, a pop-up window indicates the fault and prompts the operator to ensure all safety interlocks are closed.

4. If the high availability model is installed, the library manager determines which accessor is to be the active accessor based on the previous state. If both are available, the preferred accessor is the local accessor. If both are not available, a pop-up window is displayed. The operator can cancel the request to auto mode.

5. The Pause Mode pop-up window is closed.

6. The Auto LED on the operator panel ﬂashes until the transition is complete and then stays lit. The Auto Pending pop-up window indicates that the library is changing from Pause mode to Auto mode ( Figure 33). Emergency Motion Off recovery is in progress will appear in the pop-up window for a short time during this transition. When emergency motion off recovery is complete, the pop-up window closes.

Figure 33. Auto Pending Pop-Up Window

7. The 3494 enters Auto mode.

8. An attention message is sent to all attached hosts indicating that the state of the library has changed.

Auto Mode to Pause Mode (No Error)

A request to enter Pause mode can be performed by the operator at the operator panel (see “Changing to Pause Mode” on page 76) or by using the library manager. However the request is generated, the status of the 3494 is checked.

When a request to enter Pause mode is started using the library manager, the following actions occur during the change from the Auto mode to the Pause mode:

1. The Pause Pending pop-up window is displayed indicating that the change to Pause mode is in progress and that the cartridge accessor is being parked. The Pause LED on the operator panel ﬂashes until the transition is complete and then stays lit. The border of the Pause Pending pop-up window alternates

Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States 69

between its highlighted and non-highlighted color to provide a visual indication that the 3494 is still in Pause Pending mode. The library manager also beeps ﬁve times.

2. The System Summary window is updated to indicate that the operational mode is Pause Pending.

3. The library manager instructs the cartridge accessor to move to its park location after completing the operations in progress.

4. The library manager is notiﬁed that the cartridge accessor is in its park location.

5. The library manager removes power from the cartridge accessor.

6. The library manager enters Pause mode and sends an attention message to all attached hosts indicating that the state of the library changed.

7. The Pause Pending window is removed, and the System Summary window indicates that the operational mode is Pause and that power is off.

8. The Pause Mode window is displayed that instructs the operator to wait while the cartridge accessor is being parked. If the cartridge accessor cannot be parked or if the status of its power is unknown, the window includes this information.

Pause Mode to Manual Mode

A request to enter Manual mode is initiated by an operator using the library manager (see “Using Manual Mode” on page 227). No speciﬁc operations are performed by the library manager during the change from Pause to Manual mode. As Manual mode is entered, an attention message is sent to all attached hosts the indicates the state of the library changed to Manual mode.

The operational status is changed to Manual. If the cartridge accessor cannot be parked or if the status of its power is unknown, the pop-up window includes this information.

Manual Mode to Pause Mode

A request to enter Pause mode must be performed by an operator using the library manager. During the change to Pause mode, the following steps are performed:

1. Operations that were fetched from the operations queue, but not conﬁrmed as executed by the operator, are returned to the operations queue for execution when the library returns to Auto mode.

2. The library manager enters Pause mode and sends an attention message to all attached hosts indicating that the state of the library changed.

Auto Mode to Manual Mode

When an operator selects Manual mode while the 3494 is in Auto mode, the library performs the operations required to move to Pause mode and then move to Manual mode. All pop-up windows indicate that the 3494 is in Manual Pending even as it is moving through Pause mode. Also, an attention message is only sent when Manual mode is entered, not for the intermediate pause mode. During the change from Auto to Manual mode, the following steps are performed:

1. A Manual Pending pop-up window is displayed indicating that the change to Manual mode is in progress and that the cartridge accessor is being parked.

2. The System Summary window indicating that the operational mode is Manual Pending.

70 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

3. The operations necessary to park the cartridge accessor and remove its power are performed (see “Auto Mode to Pause Mode (No Error)” on page 69).

4. The library completes the change to Manual mode (see “Pause Mode to Manual Mode” on page 70).

5. An attention message is sent to all attached hosts indicating that the state of the library changed.

Manual Mode to Auto Mode

When an operator wants to select Auto mode while the 3494 is in Manual mode, the operator must use the library manager. The library performs the operations to move to Pause mode and then move to Auto mode. All pop-up windows indicate that the 3494 is in Auto Pending as it is moving through Pause mode. In addition, an attention message is only sent when Auto mode is entered, not for the intermediate Pause mode. During the change from Manual to Auto mode, the following steps are performed:

1. The System Summary window indicates that the operational mode is Auto Pending.

2. The 3494 completes the change to Pause mode as described in “Manual Mode to Pause Mode” on page 70.

3. The library completes the change to Auto mode as described in “Pause Mode to Auto Mode” on page 68.

4. An attention message is sent to all attached hosts indicating that the state of the library changed.

Initialization State to Auto, Pause, or Manual Mode

During the initialization-complete state, the library manager determines which operational mode to enter. The determination is made by examining the database and the state of the cartridge accessor power. When the determination is made, the change to the selected mode occurs. The steps taken during the transition are the same as an operator request when the library is in Pause mode and Offline state.

Auto Mode to Pause Mode (Forced)

If a severe error or condition is detected, and the error or condition is such that it is not possible to continue automated operation, the library is forced into Pause mode. Power is immediately removed from the cartridge accessor and any operations in progress are stopped. When the library manager enters Pause mode, it sends an attention message to all attached hosts indicating that the state of the library changed. The state-change message and an associated unsolicited unit check indicates the error recovery action (ERA).

The Pause Mode pop-up window directs the operator to open the library. In most cases, the cartridge accessor cannot be parked.

Operational State Transitions

The tape library is only in one operational state at any time.

Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States 71

Shutdown Pending State to Shutdown State

During this change, the library manager application is removed from memory.

Shutdown State to Library Manager Initialization State

This change occurs when the library manager controller is powered on or when a severe error occurs.

Library Manager Initialization State to Initialization Complete State

After the library manager starts the main process of the library manager application, the tape library enters the initialization complete state. No actions are taken during this change.

Offline State to Online State

The request to enter the Online state can be either operator or library manager initiated. In either case, the following steps are performed during the transition:

1. The database is examined to determine if both the teach and the inventory operations have completed. The tape library cannot enter the Online state unless they have completed.

2. The status of the interfaces to the tape subsystems and host systems is examined to determine whether any interfaces are initialized with the library manager. If at least one of the tape subsystems interfaces is initialized and the associated control unit is Online to the library manager, the tape library enters the Online state and notiﬁes all attached hosts. If no interfaces are initialized, the tape library enters the Online state but does not send a notiﬁcation.

3. If a VTS is installed, the Library Manager checks for deﬁned “Fast-Ready” categories. If none are found, a message stating that Fast-Ready categories should be deﬁned is displayed for 1 minute or until OK is selected. Notify your system administrator if you see this message.

Online State to Offline State

A request to enter the Offline state is initiated by an operator. After it is requested, the transition must complete before a transition to the Online state can be requested. The following actions are performed during the change to the Offline state:

1. A notiﬁcation is sent to all attached hosts indicating that the tape library is entering the Offline state. The 3490E/3590 control units, Virtual Tape Servers, and the Library Managerwill fail any later host requests for tape library functions.

2. All host requests that were accepted and queued before the request to enter the Offline state are processed. Responses are provided to the requesting host as appropriate.

3. All internal commands queued before the request to enter the Offline state will complete and, if errors are detected, appropriate host notiﬁcations are generated.

4. After all queued commands are completed and responses are sent, the tape library enters the Offline state.

Note: The change from the Online to the Offline state can take more than ten

minutes if a high-capacity output operation was started before the request to

72 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

go to the Offline state. This time is needed to move the cartridges to the high-capacity output facility from the storage cells. If a high-capacity operation is in progress, the operator is prompted to cancel the operation. If the operator does not cancel the high-capacity operation, the Offline request is cancelled.

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Initialization Complete State to Online or Offline State

Note: Online to Offline State — not allowed if an Export or an Import operation is in

progress. A pop-up message will be displayed alerting the operator to do one of the following:

v Wait for the operation to complete. v Cancel the operation from the host. v Cancel the operation by selecting “Cancel VTS Export/Import” from the

Commands/System Management pulldown.

Figure 48 on page 104 shows the pop-up message with these three options.

During the initialization complete state, the library manager determines which operational state to enter. The determination is made by examining the database. The steps taken during the transition are the same as for an operator request as described in “Offline State to Online State” on page 72 or “Online State to Offline State” on page 72.

Offline State to Shutdown Pending State

A request to enter the shutdown pending state is made through an operator request. No actions are taken during the change.

Informational State Transitions

One or more information states may be active at any time in the tape library. When an informational state is entered or left, and the tape library is in the Online state, a notiﬁcation indicating the change is sent to all attached hosts. Most of the states are a condition in the 3494, and no actions are performed during the change into or out of the state.

The following describes any additional steps performed during the change into or out of a state:

Degraded

When a component of the tape library becomes available, the library manager determines whether any other components are unavailable. If all components are now available, the tape library leaves the degraded state.

Safety interlock open

When a safety interlock (front door) is open, the library manager examines the condition of the tape library to determine whether the interlock opening was expected or unexpected. If the opening was unexpected, the tape library is forced into Pause mode.

Intervention required

When a condition requiring intervention is corrected, the library manager determines whether any other intervention requirements exist. If none exist, the tape library leaves the intervention-required state.

Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States 73

Library manager check-1 condition

The library manager: detects an unrecoverable condition that does not allow continued execution of host requests, and will attempt to re-initialize to correct the problem.

74 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Chapter 5. Basic Operating Procedures

The basic operating procedures for the 3494 are described in this chapter. Table 5 shows the basic operating procedures that an operator can perform by

using the operator panel on the front of the control unit frame.

Table 5. Quick Reference to Basic Operating Procedures

Task Procedure

Powering on the 3494 “Powering On the 3494”. Powering off the 3494 “Powering Off the 3494”. Changing to Pause mode “Changing to Pause Mode” on page 76. Changing to Auto mode “Changing to Auto Mode” on page 76. Changing from local to remote power “Changing from Local to Remote Power” on

Changing from remote to local power “Changing from Remote to Local Power” on

Inserting cartridges “Inserting Cartridges” on page 77. Removing ejected cartridges “Removing Ejected Cartridges” on page 81.

Powering On the 3494

page 76.

1. Press the Unit Emergency switch (on the operator panel) to the On position (if it is not already in the On position).

Notes:

a. The library must be powered off and remain off for 30 seconds before you

attempt to power the library on again. The 30-second wait is needed to allow the 3490E tape subsystem sufficient time to properly initialize.

b. If the 3494 Library has more than eight frames, or the high availability model

is installed, both unit emergency switches must be set to the On position. The second switch is located at the right-hand end of the Library (when facing the cartridge access doors).

c. If the 3494 Model B18 VTS is installed, the unit emergency switch on the

Model B18 must be set to the On position.

2. Press the Unit Power switch, on the operator panel, to the On position.

Notes:

a. If the remote power feature is installed and the Local Remote switch is in

the Remote position, the Unit Power switch cannot power on the 3494.

b. When the Rack Power Ready and Power System Ready LEDs are lit, the

power to the library is on.

3. If the library is attached to an AS/400, ensure the media library device driver is initialized.

4. Ensure all drives are varied Online to the appropriate host.

Powering Off the 3494

1. Ensure all drives are varied Offline to the appropriate host.

2. Press the Unit Power switch, on the operator panel, to the Off position.

Note: If the Local/Remote switch is in the Local position, the Unit Power switch

can power off the 3494.

3. Observe the Power Off Pending LED on the operator panel. The LED ﬂashes until the 3494 is powered off.

The system can take up to 20 minutes in a library with a VTS to shutdown. When the shutdown completes, the 3494 (including the Model B18, if installed) is powered off.

Note: The library may be powered off immediately, in an emergency, by using the

Unit Emergency switch on either the operator panel or at the right end of the Library. The second switch, at the right end, is provided if the library has more than eight frames or the high availability model is installed.

Attention: Using the Unit Emergency switch for immediate power off can cause database problems or check disk (CHKDSK) problems with the library manager or VTS controller. The 3494 Model B18 Virtual Tape Server will not be powered off by the 3494 Unit Emergency switch, but the associated tape drives will have power removed.

Changing to Pause Mode

1. Press the Pause button on the operator panel.

2. Observe the Pause LED on the operator panel. The LED ﬂashes until the library is in Pause mode. When the library is in Pause mode, the Pause LED stays lit.

Note: The Auto LED stays lit until the library enters Pause mode.

Changing to Auto Mode

1. Press the Auto button on the operator panel.

2. Observe the Auto mode LED on the operator panel. The LED ﬂashes until the library is in Auto mode. When the library is in Auto mode, the Auto LED stays lit.

Note: The Pause LED stays lit until the library enters Auto mode.

Changing from Local to Remote Power

If the remote power feature is installed, change to remote power by pressing the Local Remote power switch to the Remote position.

If the remote power feature is not installed, the Local Remote power switch must be in the Local position.

Attention: Pressing the Local Remote Power switch to the Remote position powers off the 3494 if the remote power feature is not installed.

Changing from Remote to Local Power

If the remote power feature is installed, change to local power by pressing the Local Remote power switch to the Local position.

Attention: Pressing the Local Remote Power switch to the Local position powers off the 3494 if the Unit Power switch is in the Off position.

76 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

Inserting Cartridges

Cartridges can be inserted into the library in the following ways:

v See “Initial Cartridge Installation” on page 58. v See “Using Empty Cartridge Cells to Insert Cartridges”. v See “Using the Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature to Insert Cartridges” on

page 78.

v See “Using the High-Capacity Input/Output Facility” on page 81.

Note: The type of input⁄output facility available to the operator was deﬁned during

Note: Make sure that there are enough available cells for the cartridges you are

Inserting stacked volumes for a Virtual Tape Server (VTS) requires that 1 or more volser ranges have been set up for the VTS before the stacked volumes are inserted. Refer to Figure 94 on page 162.

Inserting logical volumes for a VTS is accomplished using the “Insert Logical Volumes” panel. Refer to Figure 95 on page 164.

the teach process.

inserting. Use the Operational status panel (Figure 61 on page 111) to check the number of empty storage cells in the library.

Using Empty Cartridge Cells to Insert Cartridges

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Attention: Never place Exported Stacked Volumes into free cells, as this will cause the data on them to be overwritten.

1. Place the library in Pause mode by pressing the Pause mode Motion Control switch on the operator panel.

2. When the Pause mode status light is lit, unlock and open the front door on any frame.

3. Insert the cartridges into any empty cartridge storage cells, except error recovery cell locations 1 A 1 (1 A 3 instead of 1 A 1 if the optional Dual Gripper feature is installed), 1 A 20, 1 A 19 (if two service volumes are used) and the high-capacity output facility cells. See “Cartridge Placement” on page 59 for cartridge placement guidelines.

Note: The error recovery cell locations for a High Availability, single gripper unit

are 1 A 1 and 1 A 2. The error recovery cell locations for a High Availability, dual gripper unit are 1 A 3 and 1 A 4. On all High Availability models, service volumes are stored in the service bays.

Note: If there is no convenience I/O station and no High Capacity I/O deﬁned,

then cell 2 A 1 is reserved for ejects.

Note: The cartridges must be inserted into the cartridge storage cells so that

the leader block is on the right and the volser label is visible. See Figure 16 on page 20.

4. Close and lock the front door.

5. Press the Auto mode Motion Control switch on the operator panel.

Chapter 5. Basic Operating Procedures 77

Note: If the inventory update is not enabled, select Perform Inventory Update

from the Commands pull-down (see “Using the Commands Pull-Down”

on page 152) to add the newly inserted cartridges to the library manager database and to send messages to the hosts. Perform Partial may also be selected. The operator is shown which doors were opened and may select or deselect doors to re-inventory. All other library activity is held until the inventory update is completed (approximately 4 minutes per frame being inventoried).

If the high availability model is installed, do not insert cartridges into the service bays, as they cannot be accessed by the library.

Using the Convenience Input⁄Output Station Feature to Insert Cartridges

Cartridges may be inserted into the library by using the Convenience Input⁄Output Station during normal automatic operation by performing the following steps:

Note: The ten-cell I/O station feature is shown in Figure 34 on page 79. Figure 35

on page 80 shows the optional 30 cell I/O. If the 30-cell I/O is installed, the operation remains the same, but there are two operator doors. The upper operator door 1 provides access to the top 10 cells. The lower operator door 2 provides access to the lower 20 cells. (Both doors open together.)

1. Check the status of the Convenience Input⁄Output Station on the operator panel. If the Output Mode status light and the Unload Required status light are not lit on the operator panel, proceed to step 2.

If the Output Mode status light or the Unload Required status light is lit on the operator panel, open the Convenience Input⁄Output Station door and remove all the cartridges in the Convenience Input⁄Output Station.

2. Insert the cartridges 2 (see Figure 34 on page 79) that you want to add to the

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library into the Convenience Input⁄Output Station 1 with the cut-off corner (and leader block) to the left and the external label facing to the inside of the Convenience Input⁄Output Station. Shut the Convenience Input⁄Output Station door.

The Input Mode indicator will light and stay lit until all the cartridges in the Convenience Input⁄Output Station are stored.

3. Repeat these steps until all of your cartridges are inserted.

Convenience I/O Mode

The Convenience Input⁄Output Station will be in either Import Mode or Insert Mode, depending upon the capabilities of the VTSs in the library and the conﬁguration of the library. (See Figure 77 on page 131.) The Convenience Input⁄Output Station is in Insert Mode when the library does not have a VTS that is capable of Import/Export operations.

The Convenience Input⁄Output Station is in Import Mode when the library has at least one VTS that is capable of Import/Export operations.

78 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide

IBM 3494 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Figures

Preface

Organization

Related Information

Summary of Changes

Chapter 1. Introduction

IBM 3494 Tape Libraries

Functional Components

Cartridge Input and Output Facilities

Cartridge Tape

Cartridge Storage Cells

Library Manager

Operational Modes and States

Chapter 2. Controls and Indicators

Operator Panel

Library Manager

3490 Tape Subsystem Controls for Models C10, C11, C1A, C22, and C2A

3590 Model B1A Tape Subsystem Controls

3494 Model B16 Virtual Tape Server Controls

3494 Model B18 Virtual Tape Server Controls

Chapter 3. Operational Characteristics

3490E/3590 Tape Subsystem Operation

Virtual Tape Server

Operator Involvement

System Administrator Involvement

Error Detection and Reporting

Inventory Update

Volume Categories

Physical Volume States

Logical Volume States

Physical Volser Validity Checking

Logical Volser Validity Checking

Command Priorities in the Queue

Priority Levels

Operations

Initial Cartridge Installation

Cartridge Placement

Initial Volume Inventory Upload

Host Operation Control

Actions to Avoid when Operating a 3494

Chapter 4. Operational Modes and States, and Informational States

Operational Modes

Operational States

Informational States

Relationship between Operational Modes and States

Operational Mode Transitions

Operational State Transitions

Informational State Transitions

Chapter 5. Basic Operating Procedures

Powering On the 3494

Powering Off the 3494

Changing to Pause Mode

Changing to Auto Mode

Changing from Local to Remote Power

Changing from Remote to Local Power

Inserting Cartridges