Page 1
STEERING
SYSTEM
Return To Main Table of Contents
GENERAL
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
TIE ROD
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
POWER STEERING HOSES
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2
14
21
30
33
48
54
Page 2
GENERAL
Specifications
Manual Steering
Shaft and joint type
Steering gear type
Rack stroke
Power Steering
Shaft and joint type
Steering gear type
Rack stroke
Oil pump type
Oil pump displacement
Oil pump pressure switch operating pressure
SERVICE STANDARD
GENERAL
Collapsible, cross joints (two joints used)
Rack and pinion
132 mm (lock to lock : 3.7 turns)
Collapsible, cross joints, tilt column with pop-up
Rack and pinion
132 mm (lock to lock : 2.89 turns)
Vane type
9.6 cm3/rev. (0.59 in3/rev.)
1.47-1.96 MPa (15-20 kg/cm2, 213-284 psi)
Manual Steering
Standard value
Steering wheel free play
Steering angle
Inner wheel
Outer wheel
Difference between LH and RH
Tie rod end ball joint starting torque
Total pinion preload
±180° or less from neutral
±180° or more from neutral
Tie rod swing resistance
Power Steering
Standard value
Steering wheel free play
Steering angle
Inner wheel
Outer wheel
Difference between LH and RH
Stationary steering effort
Belt deflection [under 98N (10 kg, 22 lb) force]
Oil pump relief pressure
Total pinion preload
Tie rod swing resistance
0-30 mm (0-1.1 in.)
37°24’ ± 1°30’
31°31’
2° or less
0.5-2.5
0.4-1.1
0.3-1.3
2-5 Nm
0-30 mm (0-1.1 in.)
37°24’ ± 1°30’
31°31’
2° or less
39.23 N (4 kg, 8.8 Ibs) or less
7-10 mm
4.9 MPa (50 kg/cm2, 711 psi)
60-130 Ncm (6-13 kg.cm, 5.2-11.3 Ib.in.)
2-5 Nm (20-50 kg.cm, 1.4-3.6 Ib.ft)
Nm (5-25 kg.cm, 4.3-21.7 Ib.in.)
Nm (4-11 kg.cm, 3.5-9.5 Ib.in.)
Nm (3-13 kg.cm, 2.6-11.3 Ib.in.)
(20-50 kg.cm, 1.4-3.6 Ib.ft)
56-2
Page 3
GENERAL
TIGHTENING TORQUE
Steering wheel and shaft
Steering column and shaft assembly mounting bracket
Steering shaft and joint
Pinion gear and joint
Dust cover mounting bolt
Gear box mounting clamp
Tie rod end lock nut
Tie rod end ball joint slotted nut
Rack support cover lock nut
Rack support cover
Tie rod to rack
[power steering only]
Valve body housing to rack housing assembly
Pressure and return tube mounting clip
Pressure and return tube to gear box
Self locking nut
End play
Feed tube
Nm
34-44
13-18 130-180 9-13
15-20 150-200 11-14
15-20
4-6
59-78
49-54 500-550
15-33 150-340
49-69
7-12
78-98 800-1000
20-29
8-12 80-120
12-18
20-29 200-300
49-69 500-700
12-18 120-180 8.7-13
kg.cm
350-450
150-200 11-14
40-60 2.9-4.3
600-800 43-58
500-700 36-51
70-120 5.1-8.7
200-300 14-22
120-180 8.7-13
Ib.ft
25-33
36-40
11-25
58-72
5.8-8.7
14-22
36-51
Oil pump mounting bracket bolt
Oil pump adjusting bolt
Pressure hose mounting nut (to oil pump)
Oil reservoir mounting bolt
Return hose mounting clamp (to oil pump suction connector)
Oil cooler tube mounting clip
LUBRICANTS
Teeth of rack and pinion
Moving parts of rack and bushings
Moving parts of pinion and needle bearing
Lip of gear box oil seal
Tie rod side groove of bellows
Inside surface and lip of tie rod end dust cover
Power steering fluid
20-27 200-270
25-32 250-330
16-24 160-240
8-12
3-5 30-50
8-12 80-120
Recommended lubricant
Multipurpose grease
SAE J310, NLGI No.2
Multipurpose grease
SAE J310, NLGI No.2
Multipurpose grease
SAE J310, NLGI No.2
Multipurpose grease
SAE J310, NLGI No.2
Multipurpose grease
SAE J310, NLGI No.3
Multipurpose grease
SAE J310, NLGI No.2
ATF DEXRON®II type
80-120
14-20
18-24
12-17
5.8-8.7
2.2-3.6
5.8-8.7
Quantity
As required
As required
As required
As required
As required
As required
0.9 liter (0.95 qts.)
56-3
Page 4
SPECIAL TOOLS
GENERAL
Tool
(Number and name)
09517-21400
Drift
09222-21100
Valve stem oil seal installer
09432-21600
Bearing installer
09434-14200
Counter shaft bearing
installer
Illustration
Use
Removal of pinion gear bearing.
Installation of the pinion gear bearing.
Installation of the pinion gear bearing.
Installation of the valve housing oil seal.
09561-11002
Steering wheel puller
09565-11100
Pre-load socket
09565-21000
Pinion bearing remover and
installer
09555-21000
Bar
Removal of the steering wheel.
Measurement of the mainshaft preload.
Removal & installation of pinion gear
bearing.
Removal & installation of the oil seal.
56-4
Page 5
GENERAL
Tool
(Number and name)
09565-21100
Yoke plug torque wrench
socket
09568-31000
Tie rod end puller
09572-21000
Oil pressure gauge
09572-21200
Oil pressure gauge adapter
Illustration
Use
Removal, installation and adjustment of
steering gear yoke plug.
Separation of the tie rod end ball joint.
Measurement of the oil pressure. (use
with 09572-33100, 09572-21200,
09572-32100)
Measurement of the oil pressure. (use
with 09572-21000, 09572-33100)
09572-33100
Oil pressure gauge adapter
09573-21000
Oil seal installer gauge
09573-21100
Oil seal installer
09573-21200
Oil seal guide
Measurement of the oil pressure. (use
with 09572-21000, 09572-21200)
Installation of the back-up washer and oil
seal. (use with 09573-21100, 09573-
21200, 09517-11000, 09555-21000)
Installation of the back-up washer and oil
seal. (use with 09573-21000, 0957321200, 09555-21000)
Removal & installation of the oil seal. (use
with 09573-21000, 09573-21100,
09555-21000)
56-5
Page 6
TROUBLESHOOTING (Manual Steering)
GENERAL
Symptom
Excessive play of steering
wheel
Steering wheel operation
is hard
Steering wheel does not
return properly
Probable cause
Loose rack support cover
Loose steering gear mounting bolts
Loose or worn tie-rod end
Excessive turning resistance of tie-rod ball
joint
Excessively tightened rack support cover
Rough turning of inner tie-rod and/or ball joint
Distorted rack
Worn steering shaft joint and/or body grommet
Damaged pinion bearing
Excessive turning resistance of tie-rod ball joint
Excessively tightened rack support cover
Rough turning of inner tie-rod and/or ball joint
Remedy
Retighten
Retighten
Retighten or replace as
necessary
Replace
Adjust
Lubricate or replace ball joint
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Adjust
Replace
Worn steering shaft joint and/or body grommet
Distorted rack
Damaged pinion bearing
Correct or replace
Replace
Replace
56-6
Page 7
TROUBLESHOOTING (Power Steering)
GENERAL
Symptom
Excessive play of
steering wheel
Steering wheel
operation is heavy
(Insufficient power
assist)
The steering wheel
does not return
properly
Probable cause
Loose rack support cover
Loose steering gear mounting bolts
Loose or worn tie-rod end
V-belt slippage
Damaged V-belt
Low fluid level
Air in the fluid
Twisted or damaged hoses
Insufficient oil pump pressure
Sticky flow control valve
Excessive internal oil pump leakage
Excessive oil leaks from rack and pinion
in gear box
Distorted or damaged gear box or valve body
seal ring
Excessive turning resistance of tie-rod end
Excessively tightened rack support cover
Rough turning or inner tie-rod and/or ball joint
Remedy
Retighten
Retighten
Retighten or replace as necessary
Check
Replace
Replenish
Bleed air
Correct the routing or replace
Repair or replace the oil pump
Replace
Replace damaged parts
Replace damaged parts
Replace
Replace
Adjust
Replace
Noise
Loose mounting of gear box to gear box
mounting bracket
Worn steering shaft joint and/or body grommet
Distorted rack
Damaged pinion bearing
Twisted or damaged hoses
Damaged oil pressure control valve
Damaged oil pump input shaft bearing
Hissing Noise in Steering Gear
There is some noise in all power steering systems. One of the most common is a hissing
sound when the steering wheel is turned and the car is not moving. This noise will
be most evident when turning the wheel while the brakes are applied.
There is no relationship between this noise and steering performance. Do not replace
the valve unless the “hissing” noise is extremely objectionable. A replacement valve will
also have a slight noise, and is not always a cure for the condition.
Retighten
Correct or replace
Replace
Replace
Reroute or replace
Replace
Replace
56-7
Page 8
Symptom
Probable cause
Remedy
Rattling or chucking
noise in rack and
pinion
Noise in the oil pump
NOTE
A slight “grinding noise” may be heard immediately after the engine is started in extremely cold whether
condition (below-20°C): This is due to power steering fluid characteristics in extreme cold conditions and
is not a malfunction.
Interference with hoses from vehicle body
Loose gear box bracket
Loose tie-rod end and/or ball joint
Worn tie-rod end and/or ball joint
Low fluid level
Air in the fluid
Loose pump mounting bolts
Reroute
Retighten
Retighten
Replace
Replenish
Bleed air
Retighten
56-8
Page 9
GENERAL
SERVICE ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE
Checking Steering Wheel Free Play
1.
Start the engine and with the steering wheel in the straight
ahead position, apply a force of 5 N (1.1 lb) while turning
the steering wheel.
2.
Measure the play at the circumference of the steering wheel.
Steering wheel free play [Standard value] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0-30 mm (0-1.1 in.)
3. If the play exceeds the standard value, inspect the contact
of the steering shaft and tie rod ends.
Checking Steering Angle
1. Place the front wheel on a turning radius gauge and
measure the steering angle.
Wheel angle [Standard value]
Inner wheel
Outer wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31°31’
. . . . . . . . . . . .......
37°24’ ± 1°30’
2.
If the measured value is not within the standard value, adjust
the linkage.
Checking Tie Rod End Ball Joint Starting Torque
1. Mount two nuts on the ball joint, and then measure the
starting torque.
Tie rod end ball joint starting torque
[Standard value]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.5-2.5 Nm (5-25 kg.cm, 4-22 Ib.in.)
2.
If the starting torque exceeds the standard value, replace the
tie rod end.
NOTE
Even if the starting torque is below limit of the standard
value, the ball joint may be reused unless it has drag and
excessive play.
56-9
Page 10
GENERAL
Checking Stationary Steering Effort
(power steering)
1. Place the vehicle on a level surface and place the steering
wheel in the straight ahead position.
2. Increase the engine speed to 1,000 rpm.
CAUTION
After checking, reset the engine speed to the standard
value (idling speed).
3.
Measure the turning force with a spring scale by turning the
steering wheel clockwise and counterclockwise one and a half
turns.
Stationary steering effort [Standard value] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39.23 N (4 kg, 8.8 Ibs) or less
4.
Check that there is no excessive force change while turning
the steering wheel.
5.
If the stationary steering effort is excessive, check and adjust
the following points:
1) Damage or cracks of the dust covers of the lower arm
ball joint and tie rod end.
2) Pinion preload of the steering gear box and turning
starting torque of the tie rod end ball joint.
3) Turning starting torque of the lower arm ball joint.
Checking Steering Wheel’ Return
Check the steering wheel return and confirm the following
points:
1.
The force required to turn the steering wheel and the wheel
return should be the same for both moderate and sharp
turns.
2.
When the steering wheel is turned 90° and held for a couple
of seconds while the vehicle is being driven at 35 km/h (22
mph), the steering wheel should return at least 70% when
it is released.
NOTE
If the steering wheel is turned very quickly, operation may
be momentarily heavy. This is not a malfunction,
especially during idling, because the oil pump output will
be somewhat decreased.
56-10
Page 11
GENERAL
Checking Power Steering Fluid Level
1.
Position the vehicle on a level surface.
2.
Start the engine. With the vehicle kept stationary, turn the
steering wheel several times continuously to raise the fluid
temperature from 50 to 60°C (122 to 140°F).
3.
With the engine at idle, turn the steering wheel fully
clockwise and counterclockwise several times.
4.
Make sure there is no foaming or cloudiness in the reservoir
fluid.
5.
Stop the engine to check for a difference in fluid level
between a stationary and a running engine.
NOTE
1) If the fluid level varies 5 mm (0.2 in.) or more, bleed
the system again.
2) If the fluid level suddenly rises after stopping the
engine, insufficient bleeding is indicated.
3) Incomplete bleeding will produce a chattering sound in
the pump and a noise in the flow control valve,
decreasing durability of the pump.
Replacing Power Steering Fluid
Jack up the front of the car and support with rigid racks.
1.
Disconnect the return hose from the oil reservoir and plug
2.
the oil reservoir.
Connect a hose to the disconnected return hose, and drain
3.
the oil into a container.
Disconnect the high-tension cable at the ignition coil side.
4.
While operating the starter motor intermittently, turn the
steering wheel all the way to the left and then to the right
several times to drain the fluid.
Connect the return hoses, then fill the oil reservoir with the
5.
specified fluid.
Bleed the system.
6.
Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON®II type:
Total quantity : Approx. 0.9 liter (0.95 qts.)
56-11
Page 12
Air Bleeding
1.
Disconnect the high tension cable, and then, while operating
the starter motor intermittently (for 15 to 20 seconds), turn
the steering wheel all the way to the left and then to the
right five or six times.
CAUTION
1) During air bleeding, replenish the fluid supply so that
the level does not fall below the lower position of the
filter.
2) If air bleeding is done while the vehicle is idling, the
air will be broken up and absorbed into the fluid. Be
sure to do the bleeding only while cranking.
2. Connect the high tension cable, and then start the engine.
3.
Turn the steering wheel to the left and then to the right, until
there are no air bubbles in the oil reservoir.
CAUTION
Do not hold the steering wheel turned all the way to either
stop for longer than ten seconds.
4.
Confirm that the fluid is not milky, and that the level is up
to the specified position.
5.
Check that there is little change in the fluid level when the
steering wheel is turned left and right.
CAUTION
1) If the level of the fluid changes considerably, air
bleeding should be done again.
2) If the fluid level rises suddenly when the engine is
stopped, it indicates that there is still air in the system.
3) If there is air in the system, a jingling noise may be
heard from the pump and the control valve. Air in the
system will shorten the life of the pump and other
parts.
Checking Power Steering Belt Tension
1. Depress the V-belt by applying a pressure of 98 N (10 kg,
22 lb) at the specified point, and measure the deflection to
confirm that it is within the standard value.
V-belt deflection [Standard value] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-10 mm (0.28-0.39 in.)
56-12
Page 13
GENERAL
2. To adjust the belt tension, loosen the oil pump mounting
bolts, move the oil pump, and then retighten the bolts.
Oil Pump Pressure Test
1. Disconnect the pressure hose from the oil pump. Connect
the special tool between the oil pump and pressure hose as
illustrated.
2.
Bleed the air, and then start the engine and turn the steering
wheel several times so that the fluid temperature rises to
approximately 50°C (122°F).
3. Increase the engine speed to 1,000 rpm.
4.
Close the shut-off valve of the special tool and measure the
fluid pressure to confirm that it is within the standard value
range.
Oil pump pressure [Standard value]
Relief pressure . . . . . . . . . .
CAUTION
Do not keep the shut-off valve on the pressure gauge
closed for no more than ten seconds.
5.
Remove the special tools, and tighten the pressure hose to
the specified torque.
Tightening torque
6. Bleed the system.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16-24 Nm (160-240 kg.cm, 12-17 Ib.ft)
4.9 MPa (50 kg/cm2, 711 psi)
56-13
Page 14
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
COMPONENTS
[TILT STEERING]
TORQUE : Nm (kg.cm, Ib.ft)
56-14
Page 15
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
REMOVAL
1. Push and turn the horn cover assembly.
2. Remove the upper and lower horn plate, and disconnect the
horn button connector.
3. Remove the steering wheel lock nut.
4. After making alignment marks on the steering shaft and
wheel, remove the steering wheel, using the Special Tool
(09561-11002).
CAUTION
Do not hammer on the steering wheel to remove it: doing
so may damage the steering column.
5. Remove the lower crash pad, and disconnect the rheostat
connector.
6. Remove the column shroud.
7. Disconnect the connectors.
Page 16
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
8. Remove the multifunction switch.
9. Remove the bolt coupling the universal joint and pinion.
10. After removing the bolts used to secure the column bracket
to the frame, remove the steering column and shaft
assembly.
DISASSEMBLY
1.
Loosen the column shaft to universal joint bolt, and remove
the universal joint.
56-16
Page 17
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
2. If necessary to remove the steering lock, cut a slot in the
mounting screw heads and bracket with a hack saw. Loosen
the screws with a flat-blade screwdriver to remove the
steering wheel lock.
CAUTION
When the steering wheel lock is reinstalled, the steering
wheel lock assembly and screws should be replaced with
new parts.
3. If necessary, remove the tilt steering lever and mounting
bracket. (Tilt steering only)
NOTE
Do not disassemble the steering column and shaft.
INSPECTION
1. Check the steering column and shaft for damage and
distortion.
2. Check the joints for play, damage or rough movement.
3. Check the tilt bracket and spring for cracks and damage.
4. Check that the steering lock mechanism operates properly.
5. Check the dust cover for cracks or damage.
If necessary, replace.
ASSEMBLY
1. Assembly is reverse of the disassembly procedure.
Align the steering lock with the column boss and insert the
2.
ignition key to verify the steering lock operation before
tightening the lock to specifications.
CAUTION
Use the special one way screws to install the lock.
Page 18
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
INSTALLATION
1.
Installation the universal joint to the column shaft.
NOTE
Make sure that the joint is installed in the correct direction
as illustrated.
2.3.Align the universal joint to the pinion together with the
column shaft and tighten it temporarily.
Mount the steering column shaft to the mounting frame.
CAUTION
When installing, be careful not to distort the steering
column.
Tighten the bolt coupling the universal joint with gear box
4.
pinion.
NOTE
Make sure the pinion groove fit to the coupling bolt.
Install the multifunction switch and connect the connectors.
5.
Install the column shroud.
6.
7.
Connect the rheostat connector and install the lower crash
pad.
Install the steering wheel.
8.
NOTE
When the steering wheel is installed, make sure that the
alignment marks are in alignment and that the steering
wheel is in the straight ahead position.
56-18
Page 19
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
[TILT STEERING]
1. Installation the universal joint to the gear box.
NOTE
In case of the tilt steering column, please observe the
following.
Failure to observe these instructions could be a cause of
the deformation of the tilt bracket which may result in
heavy tilt lever operation and inoperative pop-up.
2. Before installation, make sure if a pin hole exists on the
distance bracket.
1) If it does, lock the tilt around a neutral position and
install a pin stopper (P/No.: 56357-24100) to the hole.
And then unlock the tilt lever.
2) If not, lock the tilt around a neutral position.
3. Install the bolt coupling the column shaft with the U-joint.
Specified torque
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15-20 Nm (150-200 kg.cm, 11-14 Ib.ft)
56-19
Page 20
STEERING COLUMN AND SHAFT
4. Install two mounting bolts temporarily.
5. Install two mounting nuts.
Specified torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13-18 Nm (130-180 kg.cm, 9-13 Ib.ft)
6. Tighten the two mounting bolts completely.
Specified torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13-18 Nm (130-180 kg.cm, 9-13 Ib.ft)
If the pin stopper is installed, pull it off in a low tilt position.
7.
56-20
Page 21
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
COMPONENTS
TORQUE : Nm (kg.cm, Ib.ft)
REMOVAL
1. Remove the wheel and tire assembly.
2. Remove the coupling bolt.
56-21
Page 22
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
3. Remove the tie rods from the knuckle arms, using the
Special Tool (09568-31000).
4. Remove the rack and pinion assembly from the gear box
mounting.
DISASSEMBLY
Before disassembly, measure the rack starting force and pinion
starting torque in the neutral (straight ahead) position for
reference at reassembly.
1. Clean the rack and pinion assembly and mount it in a
soft-jawed vise.
CAUTION
When mounting the rack in the vise, wrap a cloth around
the rack and be careful not to damage the rack when
tightening the vise.
2. Remove the tie rod assembly.
3. Remove the lock nut from the yoke plug.
56-22
Page 23
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
4. Using Special Tool (09565-21100), remove the yoke plug.
5. Remove the yoke spring, cushion rubber and support yoke
from the gear box.
6. Remove the dust cap.
7. Remove the oil seal from the gear box.
8. Remove the snap ring from the gear box. Remove the pinion
together with the bearing.
56-23
Page 24
9. Remove the bearing retainer snap ring from the pinion.
10. Using Special Tool (09565-21000), remove the bearing
from the pinion.
11. Remove the bellows.
12. Using a chisel, unstake the right side rack end nut.
13. Move the rack all the way towards the rack housing and hold
the toothed portion of the rack in a soft-jawed vise. Loosen
the tie rod end and remove the tie rod assembly from the
rack.
56-24
Page 25
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
14. Remove the rack from the gear housing.
CAUTION
To keep from damaging the bushing with the rack teeth,
remove the rack from the left side.
INSPECTION
56-25
Page 26
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
ASSEMBLY
1. Prior to reassembly, clean all gear box components in a
suitable solvent.
2. Press fit the bearing to the pinion with Special Tool
(09565-21000).
3. Install the snap ring on the pinion.
4. Apply grease to the rack, pinion, bushing, needle roller
bearing and other moving surfaces.
CAUTION
Do not seal the air passage in the housing bushing with
grease.
Recommended grease
Multipurpose grease SAE J310a. NLGI grade #2 EP
5. After inserting the rack into the gear housing, install the
pinion gear in mesh with the rack.
CAUTION
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1) Make sure that the rack is inserted into the gear
housing from the left side.
2) Wipe away excessive grease.
56-26
Page 27
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
6. Select and install the appropriate type of snap ring to
minimize the play in the axial direction on the pinion.
Thickness mm (in.)
1.590 (0.063)
1.665 (0.066)
1.740 (0.069)
7. Apply grease to the lip of the oil seal before installing the
oil seal in the gear box.
NOTE
Be sure to use a new oil seal.
Identification color
Blue
White
Yellow
8. Install the support yoke, cushion rubber, spring and yoke
plug to the pinion gear box.
CAUTION
Apply grease to the cupped portion of the support yoke.
9. Adjust the yoke plug, with Special Tool (09565-21000).
Tighten the yoke plug to 11 Nm (112 kg.cm, 8 Ib.ft) and then
back off 30° to 60° Secure the yoke plug with the lock nut.
CAUTION
1) Adjust the yoke plug with the rack in the neutral
position.
2) Apply a sealer between the lock nut and the housing.
Yoke plug lock nut tightening torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49-69 Nm (500-700 kg.cm, 36-51 Ib.ft)
56-27
Page 28
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
10. Install the tie rod end and bellows. Use a new locking plate
and stake each end.
11. The combined preload of the pinion (with bellows and
grease) should be measured by turning the pinion at a rate
of one revolution every 4 to 6 seconds with Special Tool
(09565-11100). The rack starting force should also be
measured.
CAUTION
The pinion preload should be measured over the full stroke
of the rack.
Total pinion preload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
± 180° or less from neutral
0.4-1.1 Nm (4-11 kg.cm, 3.5-9.5 Ib.in.)
± 180° or more from neutral
0.3-1.3 Nm (3-13 kg.cm, 2.6-11.3 Ib.in.)
Rack starting force
12. If the measured values are out of specification, replace the
cushion rubber and yoke spring and readjust in accordance
with step 9.
. . . . . 49-294 N (5-30 kg, 11-66 lb)
INSTALLATION
1. Install the rubber mount on the gear box as shown.
2. Install the pinion in the coupling and install the rack and
pinion assembly to the crossmember.
56-28
Page 29
MANUAL STEERING GEAR BOX
CAUTION
1) Make sure that the rack and pinion assembly is not
tilted or twisted when installed.
2) Care must be taken not to apply excessive torque, as
it distorts the rack and pinion assembly and affects the
steering effort.
3. Tighten the coupling bolt.
Joint and pinion tightening torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15-20 Nm (150-200 kg.cm, 11-14 Ib.ft)
4. Install the tie rods on the steering knuckle.
CAUTION
Align the slot of the nut with the split pin hole of the stud
and tighten the nut to specifications.
Tie rod ball joint and knuckle arm tightening torque . . . . .
15-33 Nm (150-340 kg.cm, 11-25 Ib.ft)
5. Adjust the wheel alignment.
After confirming that the bellows are not twisted, install the
6.
clip on the end of the bellows.
56-29
Page 30
TIE ROD
COMPONENTS
TIE ROD
REMOVAL
Remove the rack and pinion and tie rods from the vehicle as an
assembly.
DISASSEMBLY
1. Mount the rack and pinion assembly in a vise.
CAUTION
When mounting the rack in the vise, wrap a cloth around
the rack and be careful not to damage the rack when
tightening the vise.
2. Cut the bellows mounting band and remove the bellows.
56-30
Page 31
TIE ROD
3. Unstake the tie rods with a chisel.
CAUTION
If the rack is to be removed, remove the left side tie rod
end joint from the knuckle.
4. After moving the rack fully to the right, mount the rack in
a soft jawed vise, and remove the left tie rod.
5. Remove the right tie rod by the same procedures described
in steps (3) and (4).
INSPECTION
1. Damaged or distorted tie rods and ends.
2. Damaged or distorted bellows and dust cover.
3. Tie rod oscillating torque.
Tie rod oscillating torque [Standard value]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-5 Nm (20-50 kg.cm, 17-43 Ib.in.)
4. Tie rod ball joint operation and axial play.
56-31
Page 32
TIE ROD
ASSEMBLY
1.
After installing the tie rods to the rack to the specified
torque, secure by staking the rack keyway.
Tie rod to rack tightening torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
78-98 Nm (800-1,000 kg.cm, 58-72 Ib.ft)
2.
After installing the bellows on the gear housing, secure with
a mounting band.
CAUTION
The bellows mounting band should be installed after
adjustment of toe-in.
Measure the rack stroke.
3.
NOTE
The full stroke of the rack determines the maximum
steering angle.
Rack full stroke (lock to lock) . . . . . . . . . 132 mm (5.20 in.)
Adjust the length of the tie rods and tighten the lock nut.
4.
Tie rod free length [Standard value]. . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . .
179.3-181.3 mm (7.06-7.14 in.)
Tie rod lock nut tightening torque . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . .
49-54 Nm (500-550 kg.cm, 36-40 Ib.ft)
INSTALLATION
1. Install the rack and pinion and tie rods as an assembly to
the vehicle.
56-32
Page 33
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
COMPONENTS
TORQUE : Nm (kg.cm, Ib.ft)
56-33
Page 34
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
REMOVAL
1. Using special tool, disconnect the tie rod end from the
knuckle.
2. Disconnect the shaft assembly from the gear box inside the
passenger compartment.
3. Drain the fluid.
4. Disconnect the pressure and return hoses from the gear box.
5. Remove the band from the steering joint cover.
6. Remove the gear box mounting bolts.
7. Pull the gear box out toward the right side of the vehicle.
CAUTION
When the gear box is to be removed, pull it out carefully
and slowly so as not to cause damage to the boots.
56-34
Page 35
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
INSPECTION AND ADJUSTMENT PRIOR
TO DISASSEMBLY
Mount the gear box in a soft jawed vise.
CAUTION
Do not tighten the vise on the gear housing. Use the mounting
section of the rack to secure it in the vise.
Total Pinion Preload
1.
Rotate the pinion gear for approximately 4 to 6 seconds for
one rotation to confirm the total pinion preload.
Total pinion preload [Standard value]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.6-1.3 Nm (6-13 kg.cm, 5.2-11.3 Ib.in.)
CAUTION
Measure the pinion preload through the entire stroke of
the rack.
2.
If the measured value is out of specifications, first adjust the
rack support cover, then re-check the total pinion preload.
3.
If the rack support cover adjustment does not obtain the total
pinion preload, check or replace the rack support cover
components.
Tie Rod Swing Resistance
1. Give 10 hard swings to the tie rod.
2. Measure the tie rod swing resistance with a spring scale.
Tie rod swing resistance [Standard value] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-22 N (1.9-4.6 lb)
[2-5 Nm (20-50 kg.cm, 17-43 Ib.in.)]
3. If the measured value exceeds the standard value, replace
the tie rod assembly.
NOTE
Even if the measured value is below the standard value,
a tie rod that swings smoothly without excessive play may
be used. If the measured value is below 4.3 N (0.9 Ib)[100
Ncm (8.7 Ib.in.)], replace the tie rod.
56-35
Page 36
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
Bellows Inspection
1. Inspect the bellows for damage or deterioration.
2. Make sure the bellows are secured in the correct position.
3. If the bellows are defective, replace them.
DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove the tie rod end from the tie rod.
2. Remove the dust cover from the ball joint.
3. Remove the bellows band.
56-36
Page 37
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
4. Remove the bellows clip.
5. Pull the bellows out toward the tie rod.
NOTE
Check for rust on the rack when the bellows are replaced.
6. Remove the feed line from the gear housing.
7. While moving the rack slowly, drain the fluid from the gear
housing.
8. Remove the end plug.
9. With the pinion turned clockwise until the rack is locked,
remove the self-locking nut.
10. Unstake the tab washer between the tie rod and rack with
a chisel.
11. Remove the tie rod from the rack.
CAUTION
Remove the tie rod from the rack, taking care not to twist
the rack.
56-37
Page 38
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
12. Remove the rack support cover locking nut.
13. Using Special Tool (09565-21100), remove the rack support
cover.
14. Remove the rack support spring, rack support and bushing
from the gear box.
15. Remove the valve body housing by loosening the two bolts.
56-38
Page 39
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
16. Turn the rack stopper clockwise until the end of the circlip
comes out of the slot in the gear housing.
17. When the end of the circlip comes out from the notched hole
of the housing rack cylinder, turn the rack stopper
counterclockwise and remove the circlip.
18. Remove the rack stopper, rack bushing and rack from the
gear housing by moving it toward the pinion side.
CAUTION
When the rack has been removed, be sure to replace the
housing side oil seal.
19. Remove the O-ring from the rack bushing.
56-39
Page 40
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
20. Remove the oil seal from the rack bushing.
21. Remove the valve body from valve body housing with a soft
hammer.
22. Use the special tool (09565-21000) to remove the oil seal
and ball bearing from the valve body housing.
23. Use the special tool (09517-21400) to remove the ball
bearing from the gear housing.
CAUTION
Be careful not to damage the pinion valve cylinder inside
of the gear housing.
56-40
Page 41
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
24. Use the special tool (09517-21400) to remove the needle
bearing from the gear housing.
25. Use the special tools (09573-21200, 09555-21000) to
remove the back washer and oil seal from the gear housing.
CAUTION
Be careful not to damage the rack cylinder inside of the
gear housing.
INSPECTION
1. Rack
1) Rack tooth face damage or wear
2) Oil seal contact surface damage
3) Rack distortion
4) Oil seal ring damage or wear
5) Oil seal damage or wear
2. Pinion Valve
1) Pinion gear tooth face damage or wear
2) Oil seal contact surface damage
3) Seal ring damage or wear
4) Oil seal damage or wear
Page 42
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
3. Bearing
1) Seizure or abnormal noise during bearing rotation.
2) Excessive play
3) Missing needle bearings
4. Others
1) Damage of the gear housing cylinder bore
2) Boot damage or deterioration
ASSEMBLY
1. Apply the specified oil to the entire surface of the rack oil
seal.
Recommended fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automatic transaxle fluid DEXRON®II type
2. Install the backup washer and oil seal to the specified
position in the gear housing.
3. Apply the specified grease to the entire surface of the needle
bearing.
Recommended grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multipurpose grease SAE J310, NLGI No.2
4. Set the scribed side of the needle bearing in the Special Tool
(09432-21600) and install it into the gear housing (until the
special tool contacts the gear housing).
CAUTION
Note the direction of the needle bearing.
5. Apply the specified grease to the ball bearing and install
using the special tool (09222-21100).
Recommended grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multipurpose grease SAE J310, NLGI No.2
CAUTION
Always use a new bearing
56-42
Page 43
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
6. Apply the specified oil to the entire surface of the rack
bushing oil seal.
Recommended fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automatic transaxle fluid DEXRON®II type
7. Install the oil seal in the rack bushing.
8. Apply the specified oil to the entire surface of the O-ring and
install it in the rack bushing.
09434-14200
9. Apply the specified grease to the rack teeth.
Recommended grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multipurpose grease SAE J310, NLGI No.2
CAUTION
Do not plug the vent hole in the rack with grease.
10. Insert the rack into the gear housing.
Install the rack bushing and rack stopper.
O-ring
Vent hole
56-43
Page 44
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
11. Push in the rack stopper until the circlip groove of the rack
stopper is aligned with the notched hole of the rack housing.
Install the circlip while turning the rack stopper.
CAUTION
The circlip end should not be visible through the notched
hole of the rack housing.
12. Using Special Tool (09432-21600), install the oil seal and
the ball bearing in the valve body.
13. Apply the specified oil and grease to the pinion valve
assembly and install in the gear housing assembly.
Recommended fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automatic transaxle fluid DEXRON®II type
Recommended grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multipurpose grease SAE J310, NLGI No.2
14. Apply the specified oil and then use the Special Tool
(09434-14200) to install the seal in the valve body housing.
56-44
Page 45
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
15. Install the valve body assembly with the seal ring to the gear
box.
16. Install the tab washer and the tie rod and stake the tab
washer end at two points over the tie rod.
CAUTION
1) Align the tab washer pawls with the rack grooves.
2) Always use a new tab washer.
17. With the pinion turned all the way clockwise, tighten the
self-locking nut.
CAUTION
Always use a new nut.
18. Apply semi-drying sealant to the threaded section of the end
plug and tighten to the specified torque.
Tightening torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . .
49-69 Nm (500-700 kg.cm, 36-51 Ib.ft)
19. Stake the end plug at two points on its circumference with
a punch.
Page 46
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
20. Install the bushing, rack support, rack support spring and
rack support cover in the order shown. Apply semi-drying
sealant to the threaded section of the rack support cover
before installation.
21. With the rack placed in the center position, attach the rack
support cover to the gear housing. Tighten the rack support
cover to 11 Nm (112 kg.cm, 8 Ib.ft), using the Special Tool
(09565-21100). Loosen the rack support cover approxi-
mately 30 to 60°, and tighten the locking nut to the specified
torque.
Tightening torque
22. Tighten the feed tube to the specified torque and install the
mounting rubber using adhesive.
23. Apply the specified grease to the bellows mounting position
(fitting groove) of the tie rod.
Recommended grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24. Install the attaching band to the bellows.
CAUTION
When the bellows are installed, a new band must be used.
25. Install the bellows in position, taking care not to twist it.
26. Fill the dust cover inner side and lip with the specified
multi-purpose grease, and place the dust cover in position
with the clip ring attached in the groove of the tie rod end.
.......................................
49-69 Nm (500-700 kg.cm, 36-51 Ib.ft)
Multipurpose grease SAE J310, NLGI No.2
56-46
Page 47
POWER STEERING GEAR BOX
27. Install the tie rods so that the length of the left and right
tie rods are equal.
Tie rod free length [Standard value]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
174.3-176.3 mm (6.86-6.94 in.)
28. Confirm the total pinion preload.
INSTALLATION
1. Install with the projection on the mounting rubber of the gear
housing aligned with the holes in the clamp and gear
housing bracket.
2. Apply adhesive to the cylinder side mounting rubber so that
its slitted part will not open.
3. Check that there are no oil leaks.
4. Confirm the steering wheel rotates smoothly.
5. Adjust the toe-in.
6. Install all parts with reference to the torque specification.
56-47
Page 48
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
COMPONENTS
TORQUE : Nm (kg.cm, Ib.ft)
REMOVAL
1. Remove the pressure hose from the oil pump.
2. Disconnect the suction hose from the suction connector and
drain the fluid into a container.
56-48
Page 49
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
3. Loosen the oil pump mounting bolts to remove the V-belt.
4. Remove the oil pump bracket mounting bolts and disconnect
the pressure switch connector.
DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove the suction connector and the O-ring from the oil
pump.
2. Remove the rear cover with the gasket and pins.
3. Remove the cam ring.
4. Remove the rotor and vanes.
5. Remove the front side plate.
6. Remove the inner and outer O-ring.
7. Remove the spring.
NOTE
When assembling, use a new gasket and O-ring.
56-49
Page 50
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
8. Remove the pulley nut with the spring washer.
9. Pull off the pulley and the woodruff key.
10. Remove the snap ring using snap ring pliers.
11. Drive out the pulley shaft with the bearing.
If necessary, use plastic hammer.
12. Remove the oil seal from the oil pump body.
NOTE
When assembling, use a new oil seal.
Remove the guide bracket and nut.
13.
Remove the connector from the oil pump body, and take out
14.
the flow control valve and the flow control spring.
Remove the O-ring from the connector.
15.
CAUTION
Do not disassemble the flow control valve.
56-50
Page 51
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
16. Remove the oil pump switch.
17. Take out the spring and the spool.
18. Remove the O-ring from the oil pump switch.
INSPECTION
1. Clean all disassembled parts with suitable cleaning solvent.
2. If any inside parts of the oil pump have been damaged,
replace the pump as an assembly.
3. If the pulley is cracked or deformed, replace it.
4. If oil leaks from around pulley shaft oil seal, replace the oil
seal.
5. If the serrations of the pulley or pulley shaft are deformed
or worn, replace them.
ASSEMBLY
1. Install the oil pump switch.
2. Install the flow control valve spring, valve and connector in
the pump body.
NOTE
Apply a thin coat of A.T.F. to all the replaced parts
including the oil seal and the O-ring.
3. Install the guide bracket and nut.
4. Using special tool (09222-32100), install the oil seal into
the pump body.
56-51
Page 52
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
5. Gently insert the shaft assembly and install the snap ring.
6. Install the pump pulley with woodruff key in place.
7. Install the spring and the inner and outer O-rings.
8. Install the front side plate.
9. Insert the pins into the pin grooves of front housing, then
install the cam ring, paying attention to its direction.
10. Install the rotor with its punch marked side facing towards
the front side plate.
11. Install the vane plates with the round end facing outward.
56-52
Page 53
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
12. Install the gasket and the rear cover.
13. Tighten the suction connector.
INSTALLATION
1. Install the oil pump to the oil pump bracket.
2. Install the suction hose.
3. Install the V-belt and adjust the V-belt tension.
4. Connect the pressure hose to the oil pump, and the return
hose to the oil reservoir.
NOTE
Install the hoses so that they are not twisted and they do
not come in contact with any other parts.
5. Replenish the fluid.
Recommended fluid
6. Bleed the system.
7. Check the oil pump pressure.
8. Install parts by reference to the torque specification.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specified automatic transmission fluid
56-53
Page 54
POWER STEERING HOSES
COMPONENTS
POWER STEERING HOSES
TORQUE : Nm (kg.cm, Ib.ft)
REMOVAL (Return tube)
1. Drain the fluid.
2. Disconnect the return hose from the oil reservoir.
3. Remove the clip which secures the return tube to the vehicle
body.
4. Disconnect the return tube from the gear box.
56-54
Page 55
POWER STEERING HOSES
INSPECTION
1. Inspect the hoses for damage or deterioration.
2. Confirm that there is no interference between the hoses and
any other parts.
INSTALLATION
Install all parts to the torque specifications.
56-55
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