Hypertec HYPERAM AT User Manual

HYPERAM AT

User's Manual

Multi function memory boards for the

IBM

AT

and compatibles

V3.00

HYPERTEC PTY LIMITED

408 Victoria Road,

Gladesville NSW 2111

AUSTRALIA

Phone: (02) 816 1211 Fax: (02)

8163960

HYPERTEC (EUROPE) LIMITED

Bank House, 40 High Street,

Pewsey, Wiltshire SN9 SAQ

UNITED KINGDOM

Phone: (0672) 63936 Fax: (0672) 63709

-

TABLE OF CONTENTS

-.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

Introduction to Hyperam AT 1 Checklist

2

Installation procedure

3

INSTALLATION

Step by step instructions

6

Installing EMS 4.0

26

Installing Hyperam AT manually

29

PROBLEMS

Before you call Hypertec

37

Machine doesn't boot

38

Setup errors

39

Machine no longer boots 40 Parity check 2

41

Error messages 43

INSTALLING MORE MEMORY

Step by step instructions

47

INSTALLING MULTIPLE BOARDS

Multiple boards for expanded memory

51

Multiple boards for extended memory 53

--

HYPERAM AT

--

-.

HARDWARE REFERENCE

-.

How the memory works

55

-.

Disabling the board

55

-.

Expanded memory window

56

-

Board address

56

-

Amount

of

memory

57

-

Serial ports

58

Parallel ports

59

-

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

-

Overview

61

-

The Hyperam AT pool driver

61

-

POOL.SYS

63

-

POOL400.SYS

65

-

EMM400.SYS

66

-

RAM disks

67

-

RAMDISK.SYS

68

RAMFMT.EXE

69

-

Disk caching

71

CACHE.SYS

72

-

CACHE.EXE

72

-

Print spooling and interrupt driving

75

SPOOL.SYS

76

-

SPOOL.EXE

77

-

INTRUPT.SYS

79

-

INTRUPT.EXE

80

-

The popup menu

82

POPUP.SYS

82

-

SETRAMAT.EXE

85

-

WTCRAM.EXE

88

-.

-

ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

.....

"""

APPENDICES

Appendix A

Switch setting summary

89

Appendix B

Warranty

92

Product Repair Procedure

93

- Trademarks

94

iii

-

HYPERAMAT

This page intentionally blank

,..

iv

INTRODUCTION

""

INTRODUCTION

""

Introduction

to

Hyperam

AT

""

Hyperam AT is a memory board designed for the IBM

""

AT

and other 16 bit "classic" style compatible machines.

There are two versions

of

the Hyperam AT board:

Hyperam

AT

and Hyperam AT/MF. Both versions supply

up to 2 Megabytes

of

memory which can be used to

• bring your

system

memory to the 640 Kb DOS limit

• provide

extended

memory - this is memory appearing

above the normal address limit

of

1024Kb and is used by multi user operating systems such as Xenix and OS/2, by the IBM "VDISK" program, by special applications such as Oracle and Lotus 123 Release 3.0. You may have up to 16Mb

of

extended memory in

your system.

• provide

expanded

memory for use by Hypertec software and third party software compatible with the Lotus/lntel/Microsoft Expanded Memory Specification (EMS) versions 4.0 and 3.2.

In addition, Hyperam A T/MF supplies:

• one serial port standard, with a second serial port optional

• one parallel port standard

Page 1

-

HYPERAMAT

-

Both versions

of

the board are supplied with an extensive -

suite

of

software including: -

-

• menu driven install program which guides you through

-

the installation process and sets up your software

-

configuration.

-

• RAM disk, print spooling and disk caching

-

Checklist

Your Hyperam AT package should contain:

• Hyperam AT full-size expanded memory board

• Hyperam AT User's Manual

• Hyperam

AT

installation disk

• Hyperam

AT

EMS drivers disk

• Clip on

25

pin serial cable - only supplied with

Hyperam AT/MF two serial port option

If

you do not have each

of

these items, contact your

dealer before proceeding further.

-

Page 2

INTRODUCTION

.....

You may also find the following additional items useful.

-

• Guide to Operations for your ffiM PC-AT

or

compatible

-

• Disk Operating System (DOS) Manual for your ffiM

-

PC-AT

or

compatible.

Installation procedure

-

The Hyperam

AT

installation disk contains an installation program which guides you through the complete hardware and software installation procedures for the

-

Hyperam AT board. The Hyperam

AT

User's Manual is designed to supplement the Install program with reference chapters and a Problems section.

To

install Hyperam AT correctly you must:

(1

)Make a backup

of

the H yperam

AT

installation disk

(2) Run the Hardware Configuration section

of

the Install program to obtain correct switch settings for the Hyperam

AT

board.

(3) Install Hyperam AT in your IBM AT

or

compatible

(4) Run the Memory and Software Configuration section

of

the install program to initialise the Hyperam

AT

as system, expanded and/or extended memory and, optionally, to install the Hypertec utilties.

Tum

now to the next section headed Installation.

Page

3

-

...

-

HYPERAMAT

-

This page intentionally blank

...

-

...

Page 4

INSTALLATION

The Hyperam AT installation disk contains all the instructions necessary for installing Hyperam AT correctl y in your machine.

However, should you wish to install your Hyperam

AT

board manually

(Le.

without the assistance

of

the Hyperam AT installation program) you may do so by setting the switches on the Hyperam

AT

board correctly for your choosen configuration and by running the Hyperam

AT

Memory Configuration utility from the

DOS command line prompt.

There are two circumstances under which

it

may be

preferable to install your Hyperam

AT

board manually in

this way:

(1) You wish to configure all memory on your Hyperam

AT

board as extended memory and therefore do not

require the Hyperam AT expanded memory manager or

other Hyperam AT expanded memory software

utilities.

(2) You are reconfiguring the allocation

of

expanded and extended memory on a Hyperam AT board which has already been installed, and therefore any Hyperam

AT software utilities required are already present on your boot disk.

PageS

-

HYPERAMAT

Instructions for installing Hyperam AT manually are

contained in the section headed Installing

Hyperam

AT

Manually

on page 29

of

this manual.

If

you wish to

install your board manually turn to this section now.

N.B. Ifyou wish to install Hyperam

AT

manually

for

any

reason other than those stated above, you should be

aware that installation

of

the Hyperam

AT

expanded

memory manager is

not included in the manual install

instructions. This means that ifyou wish to use expanded

memory

and

choose to install your board manually, you

must

also install the Hyperam

AT

memory manager by

-

editing your CONFIG.SYS file appropriately. This can be a cumbersome procedure and is

not recommended.

-

If

you intend to use an expanded memory software

-

application which requires

EMS

version 4.0, (the latest

-

version

of

the Lotus Intel Microsoft (LIM) Expanded

-

Memory Specification), you must follow the instructions

-

under the heading

"Installing

EMS

4.0" on page 26

of

-

this manual after completing the installation

of

your

-

Hyperam AT board.

-

Step

1

Ensure that you have a blank, formatted disk. See the

-

DOS FORMAT command in your DOS User Manual

if

you do not know how to format disks.

-

Make a copy

of

your Hyperam AT Installation disk using

the DISKCOPY program.

If

you are unsure

of

how to

-

use DISKCOPY consult your DOS manual. Store the original installation disk in a safe place. You will use the

-

copy for the installation procedure.

-

Page 6

-

INSTALLATION

-

Step 2

Remove the Hyperam

AT

board from its antistatic bag

and place it in front

of

you with the gold edge connector

towards you and the metal bracket to the right. Take a

moment to study the board and compare it with Figures1

and 2 on the following page. Note the location

of

each

of

the switch banks.

The Hyperam

AT

board may contain either 512 Kb (two

banks), 1 Mb (four banks)

or

2 Mb (eight banks)

of memory chips. Make sure you know how much memory is on your Hyperam AT board.

Step 3

You are now ready to run the Hardware Configuration section

of

the Hyperam AT installation program

Place your copy

of

the Hyperam AT Installation disk in

drive A

of

your computer and log over to drive

A.

At the DOS prompt enter the following command

install hyperamat <enter>

Keys to use

The following keys are use in the install program

<Enter> is use to record your choice and move down to

the next field

<End> is used to record all choices made on a screen and

exit from that part

of

the program

Page 7

HYPERAMAT

memory chips switch bank I

D

'--''¥='------------,IIII

1111

I

switch 2

i

metal bracket

Figure 1 Hyperam AT

com2

com

I

clip on

clip on switch bank I

memory chips

socket

~~==~~~r

fomi

chip I

fom2chip

I

[Qj9Pin

-.

I

serial port

parallel port

-.

I

switch 2

i

metal bracket

Figure 2 Hyperam AT

MF

Page

8

-

INSTALLATION

....

<Esc>

is used to exit from that part

of

the program

without recording your choices

<Fl>

displays a help screen with additional information relating to the current screen

The

up

and down arrows allow you to move up and

down between fields

Step

4

Hardware

configuration

Once the install program has been activated a

Product

Selection Menu

will appear on the screen .

This menu contains three questions:

Number ofproduct being Installed

If

your Hyperam AT is the straight memory board (as

illustrated

in Figure 1) you should select product number

1.

If

your Hyperam AT is the MF (multi function) version

(as illustrated in

Figure 2) you should select product

number 2.

Key in your choice and press

<enter'>.

Amount ofmemory

on

card

Your Hyperam AT will have either 512

Kb

(2 banks

of

memory chips), 1024

Kb

(4 banks

of

memory chips)

or

2048

Kb

(8 banks

of

memory chips).

Key in your choice and press

<enter'>.

Page 9

-

HYPERAMAT

Hyperam Board Address

You must select an I/O address by which the Hyperam

AT memory configuration software can access your Hyperam AT board. This address must not conflict with other devices already installed in your computer.

The default setting for the Hyperam AT board address is

258. This address will not normally conflict with other

devices in your computer.

Other possible address for your Hyperam

AT

board are

268, 2a8, 2b8, 2e8, 208

and

218.

Key in your selection and press

<enter>.

The

Master

Menu

You will now see the Master Menu, consisting

of

five

menu choices:

(1) Manual Update

This section contains update information which was

not available at the time

of

printing this manual.

(2) Configure Hardware

This option contains information to help you set the

switches on your Hyperam

AT

board correctly.

Menu options (3), (4) and (5) are discussed later in this chapter.

Select option (2) Configure Hardware.

Page 10

-

-.

INSTALLATION

You will now see on your screen a diagram representing two switch banks.

If

you have the MF version ofHyperam

AT

and selected

Product Number

2 from the first screen

of

the install

program you

will now see two further menu options in

addition to the two switch banks.

Hyperam AT straight memory board

If

your Hyperam AT is the straight memory version

of

the board and you selected Product Number 1 from the first screen

of

the install program you are now ready to set the

switches on your Hyperam

AT

board.

Tum

to Step 5

Setting the Switches.

Hyperam

AT MF users

If

your board is the multi function version and you

selected Product Number 2 from the first screen

of

the install program you must now make selections from the further menu options displayed on the screen.

(1) Adjust Parallel Port

Select this option to choose the address for the parallel port on your Hyperam AT board.

The valid choices are

378

and

278.

The Hyperam AT install program will indicate any

conflicts that may exist between the address you have selected and any devices already installed in your computer.

Page

11

-

HYPERAMAT

-

(2) Adjust Serial Ports

-

Select this option to enable the serial port(s) on your

-

Hyperam AT board.

-

The Hyperam AT install program will indicate any

-

conflicts that may exist between the serial port(s) on

-

the Hyperam

AT

board and any serial ports already

-

installed in your computer.

-

You will notice that as you make and change your port

-

selections the settings indicated on the switch bank

diagram at the top

of

the screen change. You are now

-

ready to use the settings indicated on the screen diagram

-

as a guide to setting the switches on your Hyperam

AT

-

board.

-

Proceed now to

Step

S Setting

The

Switches.

-

StepS

-

Setting

the

switches.

Take your Hyperam AT board and place

it

in front

of

you

with the metal bracket to the right and the gold edge

connector towards you. Using

Figure

1

or

Figure

2 on

pag 8 as a guide, locate switch banks 1 and 2 on the board.

Using a pen or a screwdriver (not a pencil) set the

switches on your Hyperam AT board to reflect the switch settings indicated on the screen diagram in front

of

you.

-

You are now ready to install the board in your machine.

-

Page 12

INSTALLATION

Step 6 Exiting from the install program

and

powering off

your machine

Exit from the install package by using the <end> key to work back to the Master menu. From the Master Menu

select option (5) Exit Back to DOS.

Power your machine off and unplug all power cords,

cables etc.

Remove the cover from the system unit.

If

you do not

know how to do this, consult the

Guide

to

Operations

manual supplied with your computer.

Step 7

Locate a vacant 16 bit (two connector) expansion slot in

your machine (i.e. not an 8 bit slot). Remove the metal

plate masking the hole in the back

of

the chassis at that

expansion slot.

StepS

Hyperam

AT/MF

two serial port option users only

If

you have a Hyperam AT

MF

with two serial ports you

must use both the 9 pin serial connector at the back

of

the

Hyperam AT

MF

board for COM1 and the 25 pin

connector on the clip on cable for COM2.

To

use the clip

on cable you must insert the black plug into the bank

of pins labelled COM2 on the Hyperam AT board. Make sure the red

or

black stripe on the cable is towards the left.

Page 13

-

HYPERAMAT

-

Step 9

-

Inserting the Hyperam AT board

-

Line up the Hyperam AT board with the vacant

-

expansion slot and lower the board gently until its edge

-

connector is resting on the expansion slot. Place one hand at each end

of

the top

of

the board and push down evenly.

-

You may meet some resistance so pressure is required.

-

Align the slot in the metal bracket with the screw hole in the top edge

of

the rear panel. Secure with the screw you

-

removed from the metal plate.

-

Hyperam ATIMF two serial port option users only

-

If

you have attached the clip on cable, clip the bracket

onto the back panel

of

the machine and fold the cable

-

carefully down between the other boards.

-

Step 10

-

Replace the cover

of

your system unit, reconnect all plugs

-

and cables and tum the machine back on. Your machine

-

,..

should now reboot normally but will not, as yet,

recognise the extra memory on the Hyperam AT board.

-

If

you encounter problems at this point, consult the

-

Problems section in this manual.

-

Step

11

-

Configuring the Memory on the Hyperam

AT

board

-

To complete the installation

of

Hyperam AT you must

-

now configure the memory on the board

by

re-running

-

the Hyperam AT install program. Until this is done the

-

memory on the board will not be recognised by your

-

computer.

-

Page 14

INSTALLATION

Replace the Hyperam AT install disk in drive A and key in

....

install hyperamat <enter>

You will now see the Product Selection Menu. Key in the appropriate Product Number, Amount

of

Memory and

Board Address for your Hyperam

AT

board. (You should key in the same values you used in the fIrst part

of

the install program.

When you have keyed in the correct values, press

<enter>.

....

You will now see the Master Menu again .

This time you must select option (3)

Configure Memory

and

Software.

Select option (3) and press <enter>.

You will now see the Configure Memory Menu.

This screen displays details

of

your current system

memory and asks you a series

of

questions about the

memory on the Hyperam AT board.

Step

12

Current Amount of Standard Memory

This fIeld displays the total amount

of

system

or

standard memory (memory between 0 Kb and 640 Kb) currently in your computer.

Page 15

-

HYPERAMAT

-

In most cases this amount will be 640

Kb

which is the

-

maximum amount

of

system memory allowable.

-

Enable

Hyperam System

Ram

- (YIN)

This question is asking you whether you wish to use

-

memory on the Hyperam

AT

board to supplement the

-

system memory already installed in your computer.

-

If

you already have 640

Kb

of

system (standard) memory

in your computer you must answer

N to this question as

-

your computer will not recognise more than 640 Kb

of

-

system memory.

-

If

you have less than 640 Kb

of

system (standard)

memory in your computer you should answer

Y

to

this question. Answering Y means that memory from the Hyperam AT board will be used to supplement your

-

computer's system memory.

-

Make you selection and press

<enter>.

-

If

your selection was N, proceed now to

Step

13.

-

If

your selection was Y, you will now see a further two

questions relating to system (standard) memory on your

screen.

-

,...

Base

of

Standard

Memory

Provided

By

Hyperam

-

This question is asking you to nominate the system memory address at which you want the Hyperam AT

-

system memory to start. This address must be consistent

with the current amount

of

system (standard) memory -

you already have in your computer.

-

Page 16

-

INSTALLATION

-.

If,

for example, your current amount

of

system memory is

512 Kb, the base

of

standard memory provided by

Hyperam must also be 512 Kb.

Key in the appropriate base address now and press

<enter>.

End

of

Standard

Memory

Provided

by

Hyperam

You must indicate what your new total amount

of

system

memory will now be. This is the end address for standard

memory provided by the Hyperam AT board.

Normally the end address will be 640 Kb. The end

address cannot be greater than 640 Kb.

Key in your end address now and press

<enter>.

Step 13 Enable

Hyperam

Extended

Memory

(YIN).

This question is asking you

if

you wish to allocate some

of

the memory on the Hyperam AT board to extended

memory.

Extended

memory is memory above the DOS limit

of

1024 Kb. It is memory that

is

used for multi user

operating systems such as Xenix and OS/2, and for

special applications like Oracle.

If

you intend to use an operating system or application which requires extended memory you will probably want to answer

Y to this question.

Page 17

HYPERAMAT

-

If

you wish to use all the memory on your Hyperam AT

-

board to supply

expanded memory for software which

-

complies with the Lotus-Intel-Microsoft (LIM) Expanded Memory Specification (EMS) you do not require

-

extended memory and should answer

N to this question.

Make your selection now and press

<enter>.

-

If

you selected N, press

<end>

and proceed to Step 14.

-

.....

If

you answered

Y,

you will now see a further two

-

questions appear on your screen.

-

Base

of

Extended Memory Provided by Hyperam

-

You must indicate what extended memory address you

-

want the Hyperam AT extended memory to start at. This

address must be consistent with the current total amount

-

of

extended memory you currently have in your computer. -

-

The current amount

of

extended memory in your -

computer is the

total amount ofmemory counted

and

-

initialised each time

you

power

on

your computer less the

-

total

amount ofsystem (standard) memory

you

have.

-

.....

For

example,

if

you computer normally counts up 1024

-

Kb

of

memory when you power on and you have a full

-

.....

640 Kb

of

system memory, the total extended memory

currently in your computer is:

-

1024 - 640 =384 Kb.

-

Page 18

.....

-

.....

INSTALLATION

Extended memory always starts at the address 1024 Kb. Therefore using the above example, the base address for extended memory to be supplied by the Hyperam AT board must be:

1024 + 384 =1408 Kb

Make your selection and press <enter>.

Amount

of

Extended Memory Provided by

Hyperam

You must now indicated how much

of

the memory on the Hyperam AT board you wish to allocate to extended memory.

This amount must not exceed the total available memory on the Hyperam AT board, and should be a multiple

of

128 Kb (i.e. the total amount you indicate must be evenly

divisible by 128).

Key in your selection now and press

<enter> and then

<end>.

Step 14 Configuring the Hyperam AT software.

You will now see the Software Menu on your screen.

-

Page 19

.....

-

HYPERAMAT

-

This menu consists

of

three selections:

""'

(1) Quick Software Installation

Select this option

if

you

""'

(a) want to configure all the memory on your Hyperam AT board as expanded memory for use with EMS software

or

""'

(b) want to configure you Hyperam AT memory as a Hypertec RAM disk.

""'

(2) Advanced Software Installation

Select this option

if

you wish

to

use the Hypertec disk

"'"

caching or print spooling utilities in addition to

or

instead

of

RAM disk

or

EMS memory

.....

(3) Return

to

Main Menu

"'"

Select this option

if

you wish to make a change to a

-

choice you made in the previous section

of

the install

-

program

"'"

Make your menu selection now and press

<enter>.

-

.....

If

you selected option (1) Quick Software Installation,

proceed now to

Step

15 below.

-

If

you selected option (2) Advanced Software Installation,

-

proceed to

Step

16.

"'"

Step

15

-

Quick Software Installation

-

You will now see the Quick Software Installation Menu

-

on the screen.

-

Page 20

-

INSTALLATION

.-

Note that if

you

wish to configure

all

the

memory

on

your

Hyperam

AT

board

as

extended

memory

you

should use

the

Advanced

Software

Installation,

not

the Quick

Software installation.

You will now be asked:

Do

you

wish to

use a ram

disk

(YIN)

If

you

do

wish to install the H ypertec RAM disk utility,

answer

Y to this question and press <enter> .

(For details

of

the Hypertec

RAM

disk

utility consult the

Software

Reference

chapter ofthis manual.)

You will now be asked what size you wish the RAM disk to be.

Your RAM disk can only be as large

as

the amount

of

available memory on your Hyperam AT board.

If

you

allocate less than the total amount

of

available memory on your Hyperam AT board the balance will be configured as expanded memory for use by

LIM

specification software applications.

Enter you choice in kilobytes now and then press

<enter>

and then <end>.

Now proceed to

Step

17 below .

.-

Page

21

HYPERAMAT

-

If

you do not wish to use the Hypertec RAM disk utility

-

answer

N to this question, then press

<enter>

and then

-

<end>. All the memory on your Hyperam AT board will

-

be

allocated to expanded memory for use by software

-

applications which comply with the LIM Expanded

Memory Specification. Now proceed to Step

17

below.

-

Step 16

Advanced Software Installation

-

The Advanced Software Installation allows you to install

-

both the Hypertec RAM disk, print spooling and disk

-

caching utilities

and

to configure some

of

the memory on

your Hyperam

AT

board for use by LIM spec

applications.

-

The Advanced Software Installation menu consists

of

a

-

diagram depicting the available memory on your

-

Hyperam AT (the Pool Usage Map) and a further eight

-

menu option choices.

-

'"

As you make your selections from these eight menu options you will see the Pool Usage Map fill with letters

representing the choices you have made.

For example,

if

you configure some

of

your Hyperam AT

-

memory

as

a disk cache you will see a portion

of

the Pool

U sage Map fill with the letter

'C',

if

you opt to install a

-

print spooler, a portion

of

the map will fill with the letter

'S',

'R'

if

you install a RAM disk,

'E'

for EMS memory.

-

Option

(1)

Adjust Memory Pool allows you to

-

(a) install the memory manager (the pool driver)

-

Page 22

INSTALLATION

-.,

(b) allocate memory for use by LIM spec applications

(c) configure the location

of

the EMS window through

which your expanded memory will be accessed. The

memory usage map shows the current allocation

of memory in your computer and indicates the preferred location for your EMS window. (The default location

is

DOOO).

For

an explanation

of

the EMS window refer to the

Software Reference section

of

this manual.

Note that ifyou wish to configure all the memory on your

Hyperam

AT

board as extended memory (for use by Xenix, OS/2 etc) you must answer N to the Driver Installed question in option (1).

To

install

anyone

of

the Hypertec utilities, simply select

the menu option which represents it (options 2, 3, 4, 5 and

6). For more details on any

of

the utilities, consult the

Software Reference section

of

this manual.

If

you are not sure

of

the meaning

of

any

of

the questions

asked when configuring the utilities, press the <PI> key to display an appropriate help message.

When you have made your choices regarding the memory manager (pool driver) and the other Hypertec utilities,

select option (7)

Save Changes to Disk from the

Advanced Software Installation Menu and press

<enter>.

Now proceed to Step 17 below.

.....

Page 23

-

HYPERAMAT

Step 17 Save Changes to Disk

You will now see the Save Changes to Disk screen, which consists

of

four questions:

Display

Current

Install State (YIN)

-

This option allows you to check the choices you have made regarding the pool driver and Hypertec utilities.

Press

<enter> to cycle through the various utility options.

-

Note that ifyou

used the Quick Software Installation, the

-

only drivers

you

should be installing are the

pool

driver

and

the

RAM

disk utility.

When you have checked each

of

the drivers by cycling

through the choices, press

<.Esc>

to return to the Save

Changes to

Disk

screen.

-

Note that ifyou

wish to alter any

o/your

installation

choices

you

must

return to the appropriate utitlity

menu

choice.

-

Drive

from

which

you

normally boot ( A

or

C)

You must now indicate which drive you normally boot

-

from so that the Hyperam AT configuration details can be copied to it. Normally your boot drive will be C.

-

Key in your choice and press

<enter>.

-

Page 24

INSTALLATION

-.

Directory

for

Control Programs

Similarly, you must select a directory for the Hyperam

A T control programs to be copied to. Again,

if

you select a directory which does not exist, the installation program will create it. Again, the default directory is

hypo

When you have made your directory selections, press

<enter> and then <end> to record your choices.

The following message will now be displayed:

The Hypertec software will now be copied to

your

target

disk.

Are

you

happy with

your

choices (YIN).

If

you wish to make any changes to the configuration

choices you have made, answer

N to this question and

return to the appropriate section of the installation program.

If

you are happy with your selections, answer Y to

continue.

A batch file will now be executed which configures the memory on the Hyperam AT board and copies the

Hypertec software to your boot drive.

Page 25

-

HYPERAMAT

-.

-

Once this is complete you will be prompted to remove the installation disk from drive A and to press any key to

-

reboot your computer.

-

(If

you wish to abort the installation

at

this point, use the

-

<Ctrl>

C key combination to return you

to

the DOS

prompt.)

-

"...

With drive A open, press any key. Your computer will

-

now reboot.

-.

Any memory from the Hyperam AT board configured as

-

extended memory will be counted in the top left-hand

-

"...

corner

of

the screen

as

the computer reboots.

-.

Any memory configured as expanded memory will be

-

recognised by the pool usage summary which appears in a

-

box on the screen towards the end

of

the boot sequence.

-

Details

of

any Hypertec utilities installed will also be

",..

displayed here.

-

The installation is now complete.

-

If

you encounter any problems in rebooting consult the

-

Problems section in this manual.

-

Installing EMS 4.0

The expanded memory manager installed by the H yperam AT installation program is called the

pool

driver and is

-

driven by the device pool.sys which resides in the

-

CONFIG.SYS file on your boot disk.

-.

-

-.

-

-.

Page 26

-.

INSTALLATION

-..

This device supports version 3.2

of

the Lotus Intel Microsoft (LIM) Expanded Memory Specification (EMS). Version 3.2 is

not the most recent version

of

the

LIM spec but is, however, suitable for use with most

LIM

spec software applications.

If

your LIM spec software application requires the latest

version

of

the LIM spec - version 4.0 - you will need to

install the Hyperam AT

EMS

4.0 pool.sys driver

or

emm.sys driver.

These drivers are contained on the disk labelled

"EMS 4.0

drivers"

supplied with your Hyperam AT board.

To

use either

of

the drivers on this disk you must manually copy files from this disk to the appropriate directory on your boot disk.

If

you wish to use LIM 4.0, you must first install your

Hyperam

AT

board/ollowing steps 1 - 17 outlined above,

then return to this page and follow the instructions set out below.

The

EMS drivers disk contains two files, POOIAOO.SYS

and EMM400.SYS.

If

you wish to use the H ypertec expanded memory manager to control Hypertec utilities (such as RAM disk, disk caching and print spooling), as well

as

EMS applications, you must copy the file POOL400.SYS over the top

of

the POOL.SYS file on your boot disk.

Page 27

-

HYPERAMAT

-

To

do

this, key in the following command with the EMS

4.0 drivers disk in drive A.

copy a:'pooI400.sys c:'hyp'pool.sys

-

where "hyp" is the name

of

the directory where the

-

Hypertec software resides.

-

Then reboot you computer to use LIM 4.0.

-

If

you only wish to use the Hypertec expanded memory

-

manager to control EMS applications (that is, you

don't

-

want to use the Hypertec RAM disk etc), you may use the

-

driver called

EMM400.SYS in place

of

the larger

-

POOL400.SYS driver.

-

To

do this, place the EMS 4.0 drivers disk in drive A and

-

key in the following:

-

copy a:'emm400.sys c:'hyp'emm.sys

-

where "hyp" is the name

of

the directory where the

-

Hypertec software resides.

-

Page 28

INSTALLATION

You must then edit your CONFIG.syS file in the following way:

Replace the line

device = c:'hyp'pool.sys

hNNN

wNNN

eNNN

with

device =c:'hyp\emm.sys

hNNN

wNNN

making sure to copy the values exactly for the "h" and

"w"

parameters as they were in the original command.

The

"e" parameter is not required as the use

of

emm.sys assumes that all expanded memory is allocated to EMS applications.

Now reboot your machine to complete the installation.

Installing Hyperam AT manually

The Hyperam

AT

installation program contains all the

steps necessary to install your Hyperam

AT

board correctly. In most cases you should use the installation program to install your board.

Two circumstances where

it

may be more convenient to

install your board manually are:

(1) All memory on the Hyperam AT is to be configured

as

extended memory (for use by Xenix, OS/2 etc)

Page

29

-

HYPERAMAT

-

(2) You wish to alter the amount

of

memory allocated to

-

expanded and extended memory but do not wish to

-

reconfigure either the expanded memory driver

-

(pool.sys)

or

any

of

the Hypertec utilities (RAM disk,

-

print spool, disk cache etc).

-

To

install Hyperam

AT

manually you must:

-

(1) Set the switches on the board correctly

-

(2) Install the Hyperam AT board in your computer

-

(3) Run the Hyperam AT memory configuration program

-

(SETRAMAT) and computer configuration program

-

(WTCRAM).

-

Step

1

-

Setting

the

switches

-

(If

you are reconfiguring the memory allocation on a

-

Hyperam

AT

board which has already been installed, you

-

do not need

to

alter the switches on your Hyperam

AT

-

board. In this case proceed to Step 3 below.)

-

With the help

of

Figures 1 and 2 (on page 8), locate the

-

switch banks on your Hyperam AT board and the amount

-

,...

of

memory on the board. (2 banks

of

memory =512 Kb,

4

banks;:;:;

1024 Kb and 8 banks =2048 Kb).

,...

Now turn to Appendix A - Switch Setting

Summary

on

-

page 89

of

this manual. You must set switches for your

-

EMS

register address and for the memory size

of

your

,...

board. Use the switch setting tables to help you set the

-

switches correctly.

-

Page 30

-

,...

INSTALLATION

If

you have a

Hyperam

AT

MF,

you must also set the

addresses for the

serial

and

parallel ports on your

Hyperam AT board. Again, use the appropriate switch setting tables in Appendix A to help you.

Step

2

Installing

the

Hyperam

AT

board

You must power

off

your computer, remove its cover and

insert the HyperamAT board in a vacant 16 bit slot.

For details

of

this procedure, refer to page

13

of

this manual, insert the board as directed, then return again to this page.

Step

3

Configuring

the

memory

on

the

Hyperam

AT

board

Before your computer will recognise the memory on your

Hyperam AT board, you must run the SETRAMAT and WTCRAM programs located on the H yperam AT

installation disk.

Running

Setramat Setramat configures the memory on your Hyperam AT board.

To run setramat you must log over to the A drive and key in the setramat command followed by a series

of parameters which specify the manner in which memory on your Hyperam AT board will be configured.

Page

31

-

HYPERAMAT

-

The SETRAMAT parameters are as follows:

-

sb/NNN

sets the base address from which any system

-

memory provided by the Hyperam AT board

-

will start

-

sslNNN specifies the

amount

of

system memory to be

-

provided by the Hyperam AT board

-

eb/NNN sets the

base address from which any extended

-

memory provided by the H yperam AT board

-

will start

-

es/NNN specifies the amount

of

extended memory to be

-

provided by the Hyperam AT board

-

p

configures all memory on the Hyperam AT board as

expanded memory for use by LIM

-

spec applications

-

rNNN

nominates the EMS

register address via which

-

SETRAMA T accesses the Hyperam AT board

-

wNNN

sets the EMS

window address via which the

Hypertec pool driver

or

emm

driver accesses

the memory on the Hyperam AT board

You must now run SETRAMAT by keying in the command

setramat followed by your chosen parameters.

-

Page 32

INSTALLATION

For example,

if

you wish to configure all the memory on

your Hyperam AT board

as

extended memory, you must:

(1) calculate the start address for the extended memory on

the Hyperam AT board, (this will be the same

as

the

end address

of

any extended memory you currently

have installed), and enter this address as your

eb

parameter

(2) calculate the total amount

of

memory you wish to

allocate

as

extended memory and enter this value as

your es parameter

(3) identify the EMS register address

of

your Hyperam

AT

board and enter this value as your r parameter.

If

you are using the default register address

of258

you do not need to use the r parameter.

If, for instance, your computer currently has 384 Kb

of

extended memory (i.e. the start address for your Hyperam

AT extended memory is 1408 Kb*) and your Hyperam AT board has 2048 Kb

of

memory, all

of

which you wish to configure as extended memory, your setramat command would read as follows:

setramat ebl1408 esl2048 <enter>

*Extended memory always starts at 1024 Kb. Therefore, to calculate the start address for extended memory allocated from the Hyperam AT board, take the base address

of

1024 Kb and add the current amount

of

extended memory to it.

Page 33

-

HYPERAMAT

i.e. from the example above

1024

+

384

=

1408

Any memory on the HyperamA T board

not

configured as

system memory

or

extended memory is automatically

configured

as

expanded memory.

Step 4

-

Configuring your computer to recognise the Hyperam

-

AT

memory

-

You must run the wtcram program from the Hyperam AT installation disk to correctly configure your computer to recognise the memory supplied by your Hyperam AT board.

WTCRAM

supports the following parameters:

b

=NNN indicates the total amount

of

system memory

in your computer (including any system memory allocated by the Hyperam AT

board

-

e

=NNN indicates the total amount

of

extended

-

memory in your computer (including

-

extended memory allocated by the

-

Hyperam AT board).

-

The total amount

of

extended memory is calculated by

taking the extended memory base address

of

1024

Kb

(all

-

extended memory starts at this address) and adding to it

the amount

of

extended memory present in the computer

-

before Hyperam AT was installed plus the amount

of

-

extended memory allocated from the Hyperam AT board.

-

Page 34

-

INSTALLATION

For

example,

if

your computer had 640 Kb

of

system

memory, 384 Kb

of

extended memory and you installed a

Hyperam AT board with 2048 Kb

of

memory, all

of which you configured as extended memory, your total amount

of

extended memory would now be:

1024 + 384 + 2048 =3456 Kb

From the example above, your wtcram command would

be

as

follows:

wtcram b=640 e=3456 <enter>

The wtcram command is fully documented in the

Software Reference section

of

this manual.

Step 5 Rebooting your computer

Once you have run the setramat and wtcram commands with the appropriate parameters, you are ready to reboot your machine.

With drive A open, turn your computer off, then on again.

The memory supplied by your Hyperam

AT

board should now be recognised as your computer goes through its boot sequence.

If

you experience any problems during the reboot, consult

the

Problems section

of

this manual.

Page 35

-

HYPER

AM

AT

-

This page intentionally blank

-

""

-

"" ""

-

""

-.

"" ""

-.

.-

-.

""

-.

Page 36

-.

"" ""

PROBLEMS

-

PROBLEMS

This section is concerned with fixing problems you may encounter from time to time.

The first and most important principle

of

problem solving

is:

DON'T

PANIC

Most problems are caused by simple mix ups which can be solved with a little thought. Often the best approach is to just do whatever you were doing again, paying careful attention to the details.

The second most important principle is:

Simplify the problem

If

everything was working, before you made a change,

take the change out and check that everything still works.

Before you call Hypertec

At Hypertec we pride ourselves on our customer support.

If

you call us, we will make every effort to respond quickly, and to fix your problem. However, there are some things you can do before calling us that may help you to solve your problem yourself

or

make it easier for

us to solve

it

for you.

(1) Read this section carefully to see

if

your problem is

described. Try the suggested fixes.

Page 37

-

HYPERAMAT

-

(2) Call your dealer. Your dealer is more likely to know

the details

of

your particular installation, and

-

therefore, what may have gone wrong.

-

(3) Call us, but before you do, please write down the

-

following:

-

• How much memory is on your Hyperam AT board

-

• The switch settings on the board.

-

•

If

possible, write down the contents

of

the file

-

CONFIG.SYS. This file is on your boot disk. You may

-

find out what is in

it

by entering the following

-

command at the DOS command line:

-

type config.sys

-

• Similarly, record the contents

of

the file

-

AUTOEXEC.BAT. This file is also on your boot disk.

-

• Details

of

any other third party products you have in

-

your machine

-

• The exact wording

of

any error meassages associated

-

with your problem

-

Machine Doesn't Boot

-

By this we mean there is no dsiplay on the screen at all

-

when you turn the power on.

-

Page 38

PROBLEMS

(1) Check that the power cords are all plugged into the

right boxes and that they are turned on at the power point. There should be a little light on your system unit, indicating that it has power. There should also be a light

on

your monitor.

(2) Remove the cover from the system unit and check that

all boards are finnly seated in their sockets. Replace the cover and

try the power again.

(3) Move switch 8 on the large switch bank on the

Hyperam AT board into the up position.

If

the

computer now boots, turn to the section headed

Machine

No

Longer Boots in this Problems chapter.

(4)

If

the machine still does not boot, remove the

Hyperam

AT

board and try the power again.

(5)

If

the machine now boots, your Hyperam AT board is

probably faulty. Contact your dealer.

If

the machine still does not boot, your machine is

probably faulty. Contact your dealer.

Setup

Errors

If

the Hyperam AT board was working, but you are now getting errors like "Memory size error - run setup" during boot

try the following suggestions:

(1) Press

<1"1>

to continue the boot.

If

the machine does

not boot, go to the section headed

Machine

No

Longer Boots.

Page 39

HYPERAMAT

-

(2) Place the copy

of

the installation disk you used to

-

install the board in drive A:.

Do a 'DIR'

on it and see

-

if

there is a file

called'

INITHRAM.BAT'.

-

(3) Ifthere is, enter the command

-

inithram <enter>

-

This should reinitialise your HyperamA T board.

-

Reboot the machine.

-

(4)

If

the error does not go away,

or

there is no file

-

INITHRAM.BAT, run the install program again and

-

select option 3,

'Configure Memory' from the Master

-

menu.

-

(5)

If

the error still has not gone away, read the next -

section.

-

Machine

No

longer boots

-

Read this section

if

the machine was working but now no

-

longer boots.

-

(1) Take the cover

off

the machine. Ifnecessary, read the

-

section on removing the cover in

The Guide to

-

Operations manual for your computer.

-

(2) Find switch S 1.8 (top right corner

of

the board) and

-

move

it

to the ON position.

-

Page 40

-

PROBLEMS

(3) Put the cover back on the machine and tum it on. It

should now boot normally.

If

it does not, there is

something wrong in the machine other than the

HyperamA T board. Call your dealer.

(4) Place the HyperamAT installation disk in drive A: and

enter the command:

a:setramat d

(5)

Tum

the machine off, remove the cover and move

switch S

1.8

to the OFF position.

(6) Replace the cover, tum the machine on and wait for it

to boot.

(7) With the installation disk in drive A:, enter the

command:

inithram

If

you get a message that says

'Bad

command

or

file

name' , run the install program and select option 3

, Configure memory' from the Master menu.

(8) You should now be able to reboot normally.

If

not,

call your dealer.

Parity

check 2

Parity check 2 indicates a memory error on a memory expansion board.

Page

41

-

HYPERAMAT

-

(1) Pull the cover off the machine and check that all

-

boards are firmly seated.

If

necessary pull out the

memory board and plug it back in to see

if

the

-

problem goes away.

-

(2)

If

there is more than one memory board in the

-

computer, check the configuration

of

each very

-

carefully, to ensure that they are not configured to

-

supply memory to the same address.

-

(3) Pull the memory board out

of

the computer and see

if

-

the problem goes away. Then contact your dealer.

-

Memory

error

-

A memory error is a message "NNNNN

MMMM

201

-

Memory

error"

during the self-test.

-

The NNNNN and

MMMM

are numbers telling you the -

address at which the error occurred, and the data bits in

-

error.

-

Essentially this error means that the self-test has found

-

less memory than expected during the test sequence. It is possible that the board is faulty;

it

is much more likely

-

that there is

an

error in the configuration

of

the machine

-

or

the board. For example, have you taken out a memory

-

board and not run the

mM

Setup program to tell the

-

machine that

it

now has less system memory?

-

(1) Find out how much system memory your machine has

-

without the HyperamA T board installed.

-

Page 42

;a..

PROBLEMS

'""

(2) Turn the machine on and boot. When the error occurs,

press

<FI>

to continue the boot sequence. Place the Hyperarn AT installation disk in drive A and run the install program.

(3) Select option 3 'Configure memory

and

software'

from the Master menu and configure the memory correctly for your machine.

Go

through the entire

configuration process.

(4) Turn the machine

off

and back on.

If

the problem

persists, call your dealer.

'""

Error Messages

Following is a list

of

error messages that may occur,

either in the install package

or

when booting the machine.

'""

Errors during install

When you select option 3, the install program performs

'""

extensive checks on the memory

of

the Hyperam AT

'""

board. Following are the errors that may be reported

during this phase.

N.B.Ifthe install program detects certain kinds

of

errors,

it will attempt

to

fix the error and then request you to

re-boot the machine.

If

this happens, your machine is in

'""

an error condition; you should not do normal work with it until the problem is rectified. Run the install program again.

lithe

error occurs a second time call your dealer.

Page 43

-

HYPERAMAT

Cannot initialise Hyperam

AT

The install program cannot initialise the Hyperam AT hardware. Check the setting on switch bank

1,

either by

taking the board out and running the install program

again,

or

by looking in the Appendix headed "Switch

setting summary".

Corrupted Hyperam

AT

configuration

The install program has detected an error and has

attempted to recover. Turn the machine

off

and on, then

run the install program again.

Cannot find Hyperam

AT

The install program cannot find the Hyperam AT

hardware. Check the setting on switch bank

1,

either by

taking the board out and running the install program

-

again,

or

by looking at the Appendix headed "Switch

-

setting summary".

-

Cannot setup Hyperam

AT

-

The install program has detected

an

error and has

-

attempted to recover. Check the setting on switch bank 1

-

by looking at the tables in the Appendix. Turn the

-

machine

off

and on, then run the install program again.

-

megal I/O address

-

This should never happen. Call Hypertec.

-

Unknown

error

-

The install program could not identify the cause

of

the

-

problem. Call your dealer.

-

Page 44

-

PROBLEMS

No

valid EMS window available

If

you wish to use Hyperam

AT

to supply expanded memory for LIM spec applications, you must install a 64 Kb EMS window via which the EMS memory will be accessed. This window should be located between

COOO

andDFFF.

However, you may have other devices in your computer which are currently occupying these addresses. (An EGA video board will occupy a portion

of

the

CooO

window.

Network cards typically use the

DooO

region).

It may, therefore, be necessary to juggle devices around to "make room" for the EMS window.

Wang 260 PC Users

If

your computer is a Wang 260

PC

you should set your

EMS window at

EOOO.

In most other computers

EOOO

.

should

not be used.

Errors

during boot

The pool device driver also performs some tests on the Hyperam

AT

board during the boot sequence, and may

report some errors. Generally

if

you encounter errors at

this stage you should run the install program again.

Invalid address

An invalid address has been specified to the pool driver using the

'h'

parameter. Check your CONFIG.SYS file and compare it with the information on the pool driver in the

Software Reference section

of

this manual.

Page 45

-

HYPERAM AT

Cannot

find

Hyperam

AT

The pool driver cannot find the Hyperam AT board. The

most likely explanation is that the board address supplied as

the

'h'

parameter does not match the address set using

the switches S

1.5

to S

1.7

on the board. Check both.

If

this

is not the problem, run the install program again.

-

Hyperam

A T

memory

switched off

-

The Hyperam AT memory has been disabled by moving

-

switch

S1.8 into the ON position. Turn switch S1.8 to the

-

'OFF'

position, then try rebooting. You may also want to

read the section above titled

'Setup

errors'.

-

Signature

invalid The Hyperam AT board memory has been corrupted. Run the install program again.

-

Hyperam

memory

disabled

-

At some stage the SETRAMAT program has been run

-

with the

'd'

parameter. Run the install program again.

Configuration

corrupted

The Hyperam AT board memory has been corrupted. Run

the install program again.

-

Page 46

-

INSTALLING MORE MEMORY

This chapter tells you how to install more memory on

your Hyperam AT.

Turn

off

the power to your computer and remove the

HyperarnA T board. Place the board with the components

up and the metal bracket to your right. The memory chips are in a single large, contiguous block on the left..

Each column

of

chips is a 256 K-byte bank

of

memory.

The allowable memory capacities for the board are 512

Kb, 1024 Kb

(1

Mb) and 2048 Kb

(2

Mb).

If

you are

going from 512 Kb to 1 Mb, you must add 2 banks

of memory (18 chips); from 512 Kb to 2 Mb requires 6 banks

of

memory (54 chips). See Fig 3 below.

-

"""

Bank 8 Bank 7

Bank

6Bank 5B.nk 4B.nk 3

Bonk

2Bank 1

[OJ

1024 Kb

2048 Kb

Figure 3 Memory banks

on

Hyperam

AT

Page 47

-

HYPERAMAT

-

-.

-

We recommend that you purchase the memory chips

-

through your dealer. If you decide to purchase them

-

directly from a supplier, be sure to specify that they operate at 120 nanoseconds

or

faster.

-

Caution: Memory chips are sensitve

to

static. Before

-

handling the chips, ensure that you are not charged. The

-

easiest way

to

do this is

to

touch some metal immediately

before touching a chip.

If

conditions are such that you

-

are receiving perceptible shocks,

do

not attempt to handle

-

the chips.

-

Step 1

-

Installing the memory

-

Insert the memory chips carefully, one column at a time,

-

starting from the first vacant column. Be careful to orient

-

each chip in the correct direction - that

is

with the notched

-

or

dotted end to the right (when the Hyperam AT bracket

-

is also to the right.)

-

To insert a chip, check the orientation, then insert one

-

row

of

legs into the corresponding row

of

holes in a

-

socket. Only insert the legs half way. At this stage, you

-

should be able to insert the row

of

legs on the other side

-.

of

the chip; again, only insert them halfway.

-

-.

-

Page 48

-.

INSTALLING MORE MEMORY

Check that each leg is sitting correctly in a hole. A common

rroblem

is for one

of

the legs to be bent up underneath the chip; you will need to check this carefully. When you have checked each leg, use steady, firm pressure on the top

of

the chip to push

it

fully home. The

top

of

the chip should be level and in line with other chips

in sockets.

If

it is not level, and you cannot push it home,

extract it and check the legs.

To

extract a chip, gently insert a small screwdriver under

it from the end, and carefully lever it up. When levering,

try to ensure that both ends come up approximately

together.

Step 2

Setting the switches

Once all the chips have been inserted you must alter switch bank 2 on the HyperamAT board to indicate your new amount

of

memory.

Use the following table to set the switches.

SW2.1

SW2.2

SW2.3 SW2.4

512 Kb

OFF

ON

OFF OFF

(2 banks)

1Mb

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

(4 banks)

2Mb

ON

OFF

ON ON

(8 banks)

Page 49

-

"

HYPERAMAT

-

Step 3

Insert the Hyperam AT board in your machine.

Step 4

-

Move SW1.B into the

ON

position.

-

Step 5

Reconnect all cables and plugs and tum your machine on.

Step 6

Place the Hyperam AT installation disk in drive A and enter:

-

setramat d r

NNN

<enter>

-

Where NNN is the hardware address

of

the Hyperam AT

-

board (usually 258).

-

Step 7

-

Turn the power off, move SW1.8 back into the

OFF

-

position and power on again.

Step 8

Place the Hyperam AT installation disk in drive A, log over to drive A and enter the install program. Run the

Configure Memory

and

Software section

of

the install

package to reconfigure the board.

-

Page 50

--

INSTALLING MULTIPLE HYPERAM AT BOARDS

-

INSTALLING MULTIPLE HYPERAM AT BOARDS

Multiple

boards

for

expanded

memory

Step

1

Install the first board using the procedures outlined in the

Installation chapter. Then return to this page.

Step

2

Place the second board in front

of

you. Look at switches

1.5,1.6 and 1.7 on switch bank 1 (located at top right).

You need to select an

EMS

register address which is

difJerentfrom the one chosen for the first board. Check

the address used on the first board, then use the table below to select an address for the second board.

Sl.5

S1.6

Sl.7

EMS

register

OFF OFF OFF

EMS

disabled

ON OFF

ON

208

OFF OFF ON

218

ON ON ON

258

OFF

ON ON

268

ON

ON OFF

2A8

OFF

ON

OFF

2B8

ON OFF OFF

2E8

EMS

Register

address

settings

Normally the first board will have address 258. Ifthis is the case we suggest that you set the second board for

268.

Use a pen (not a pencil)

or

a screwdriver to set the second

board switches.

'"'"

Page

51

......

-

HYPERAMAT

-

Step 3

Turn switch

Sl.8

on switch bank one on the second board

ON.

Step 4

Tum

the machine off, remove the cover and install the

-

second board. Replace the cover and tum the machine on.

-

Step 5

Place the Hyperam AT installation disk in drive A, log over to drive A and enter:

setramat r

NNN

d

<enter>

where NNN is the EMS register address

of

the second

board.

IT,

for example you used 268 you would enter:

setramat r 268 d

<enter>

Step 6

Tum

the machine off, remove the cover and move switch

Sl.8

to the

OFF

position. Replace the cover and

tum

the

machine on.

Step 7

Place the Hyperam AT installation disk in drive A, log

over to drive A and enter:

setramat r

NNN

p

<enter>

where NNN is the EMS register address

of

the second

board.

Page 52

-

"'"

INSTALLING MULTIPLE HYPERAM AT BOARDS

....

StepS

Using

EDUN

or

your favourite text editor, modify your

CONFIG.SYS

to include the new EMS register address. When you look at your CONFIG.SYS file you will see a line that looks something like:

device = 'pool.sys h258 r el28 (HRlnstall)

where 258 is the EMS register address

of

the first board.

A full explanation

of

POOL.SYS can be found in the

Software Reference chapter

of

this manual.

You must insert an additional

'h'

parameter for your

second board's EMS register address.

If

for instance, the

address

of

your second board was 268, your newly edited

line, from the above example, would look like:

device ='pool.sys h258 h268 r el28

Step 9

After you have finished editing, reboot the machine and observe the message displayed by the pool driver during the boot sequence. It should tell you that it finds 2 boards,

and that the total amount

of

memory is the total

of

the 2

boards.

Multiple boards for extended memory

Refer to the previous section "Multiple boards for

expanded memory". Follow

steps 1 to

6,

then return to

this page.

Page 53

--

HYPERAMAT

-

Step 7

-

Place the Hyperam AT installation disk in drive A, log

-

over to drive A and enter:

-

setramat r

NNN

eb/NNNN

es/NNNN <enter>

-

where NNN is the EMS register

of

the second board,

-

eb/NNNN prompts for the

top address

of

the first board

-

and es/NNNN for the

amount

of

memory on the second -

board.

-

For example, suppose the first board has 2 Megabytes

-

(2048 Kbytes)

of

memory on

it

and the second board has

-

1 Megabyte (1024 Kbytes) and both boards are being

-

used for extended memory, the command line to

-

configure the second board would be:

-

setramat r 268 eb/3072 es/1024

-

i.e. The top address

of

extended memory supplied by the

-

first board is 3072 Kb

(=

1024 + 2048) and the EMS

-

register is 268.

-

StepS

You must now tell your machine about the extended

-

memory you have just added. This can be done by

-

running your machine's

setup routine and specifying

-

your new amount

of

extended memory.

-

N.B. Some setup routines refer to extended memory as

-

expansion memory. They are the same thing.

-

Page

54

HARDWARE REFERENCE

This section is not essential reading. The install program

should tell you all you need to know about the Hyperam AT board. If, however, you would like to know more about the board in detail, read on.

How the memory works

The Hyperam

AT

board is like the

AT

in that most

of

the

configuration information is stored

in

battery backed

memory on the board. This allows most

of

the

configuration to be performed by software, which

in

turn

means that you do not need to take the cover

off

the

machine when you want to change the memory setup.

This configuration process is performed by a program called

SETRAMAT.EXE, which is described in the

software reference section

of

the manual. The install

program runs SETRAMAT automatically after you have

used the

'Configure Memory and Software' menu.

Disabling the board

If

errors occur on boot, it is possible to disable all

memory on the Hyperam

AT

board. This allows you to

check

if

the errors are caused by the board without having

to take it out

of

the machine.

To

enable

or

disable the memory on the board, set switch

Sl.8 as per the following table:

SI.8

OFF board memory ENABLED

ON

board memory DISABLED

Page 55

-.

HVPERAM AT

-.

-

-.

Expanded memory window

-.

The main feature

of

the board is the supply

of

up to 2 Mb

-.

of

memory compatible with the Lotus-Intel-Microsoft

Expanded Memory Specification. What this means is that

-

software applications that understand the EMS

-.

specification can use memory above the 640

Kb

limit

-.

imposed by DOS.The expanded memory is accessed by a

-.

64 Kb window that must appear in the

AT

address space;

-.

the valid addresses are in the range

COOO

to EFFF. This

-.

window must not conflict with other boards installed in

-.

the machine. The address

of

the window is set by the pool

-.

device driver software; the default address is

DODO.

This

-.

address may be changed by passing a parameter to the pool driver; see the Software Reference section for more

-

details.

-.

Note:

COOO

may only be used ifyou do not have an

enhanced graphics adapter board.

EOOO

should only be

-

used

if

you have a Wang 260 PC.

-.

-

Board Address

An EMS specification memory board uses a set

of

-.

registers to control the hardware.

If

there are multiple

-.

EMS boards in the machine, these registers must be set to

-

different addresses. The following table indicates how to

-.

set the register address on the Hyperam

AT

board.

-.

-

Note: The correct default

for

Hyperam

AT

is 258. Ifthis

-.

default is

not

used, the address used

must

be passed as a

-.

parameter to the

pool

device driver.

-

-.

-

Page 56

-.

-

HARDWARE REFERENCE

-.

SI.5

SI.6

SI.7

EMS

register

OFF

EMS disabled

ON

OFF

ON

208

OFF

ON

218

ON

258

OFF

ON

268

ON

OFF

2A8

OFF

ON

OFF

2B8

ON

OFF

2Eg

Setting EMS Register Address

Amount of memory

Switch

bank

2 is set to indicate the amount

of

memory

installed on the board. You may determine the amount

of

memory installed by counting the number

of

columns

of chips installed. Each column is 256 Kb; thus 2 columns is 512 Kb, four columns is 1 Mb, and eight columns is 2 Mb.

If

you want to install more memory on the board, please

""

tum to the chapter

Installing More Memory.

The following table indicates how the switches on switch bank 2 should be set for the amount

of

memory installed.

SW21.

SW2.2

SW2.3 SW2.4

512 Kb

OFF

ON

OFF

1Mb

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

2Mb

ON

OFF

ON

Memory Size Switch Settings

Page 57

-

HYPERAMAT

Serial Ports

The Hyperam AT board may be equipped with up to two

serial communications ports. These devices are functionally identical to the corresponding standard IBM ports, COM! and COM2. On the Hyperam AT board,

COM!

uses the 9 pin D type connector at the back

of

the

board. COM2 uses the 26 pin header labelled COM2.

To use this header, you must attach the supplied Clipon

cable. With the board flat on the bench in front

of

you, the metal bracket to the right and the gold edge connector closest to you, the headers are the two blocks

of

pins

along the far edge

of

the board. The Clipon cable has a black stripe on it; the cable must be plugged into the header with the black stripe to the left.

The ports may be enabled

or

disabled using switches S1.1

and S1.2. When disabled, the communications ports effectively do not exist, and standard ffiM communications boards may be used.

For

example,

if

you already have an ffiM serial board, you could disable COM2 on the Hyperam AT board, and configure the ffiM board as COM2.

When the

AT

is booting, it searches for the serial ports in

the order 3F8 then 2F8. The first found is installed as

COMl.

This means that

if

you only have one port

installed, it will always be installed

as

COM!,

regardless

of

its address in the machine.

-

Page

58

--

HARDWARE REFERENCE

The install program searches for other serial ports and

suggests a switch setting for the Hyperam AT port that

does not conflict.

If

it cannot find

an

unused address, it

suggests that the serial port be disabled.

If

you have another serial port installed, ensure that it does not conflict with your selection.

The following table indicates how to set the serial ports. Note that the chip in the socket labelled "COMI" is always at address 3F8 and the chip in the socket labelled

"COM2" is always at address 2F8.

If

you only have one serial chip on your Hyperam AT

board and wish to use

it

at address 2F8 you must move

the chip into the "COM2" socket.

The

COMl

chip is connected to both the header directly

above

it

(labelled

COMl),

and the 9 pin D-type connector

on the edge

of

the board.

Sl.l

OFF disable port at 3F8

ON

enable port at 3F8

Sl.2 OFF disable port at 2F8

ON

enable port at 2F8

Serial Port Switches

Parallel Port

The parallel port is the large 25 pin connector on the back of

the board. It is normally used for printing. You may

have up to three parallel ports installed in your AT; each

port must be at a different location,

or

they will conflict

with each other.

Page 59

HYPERAM AT

-

The Hyperam AT board gives you the option

of

either

-

disabling the port, in which case it will become invisible

-

to the computer;

or

setting the address to one

of

two

locations, (378

or

278 hexadecimal).

-

The install program will look for other parallel ports in

-

the machine and suggest a switch setting that does not

,...

conflict.

If

it cannot find a location that does not conflict

it will recommend that the parallel port be disabled.

-

When the A T is booting, it searches for parallel ports in

-

the order: 3BC, 378, 278. The first port

it

finds is

-

installed as

LPTl,

the second is installed as

LPTI,

and

-

the third as LPT3. This means that

if

you only have one

-

port installed, regardless

of

its address, it will always be

-.

installed as LPTI.

-

The following table indicates how to set the parallel port.

-

SI.3

OFF

disable parallel port

-

ON

enable parallel port

-

SI.4

OFF

set address to 278

-

ON

set address to 378

-

,...

Parallel Port Switches

-

,...

-

,...

-

Page 60

-

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

-

This section is not essential reading. The install program

-

should tell you all you need to know about the Hyperam AT software. If, however, you would like more details, read on.

-

Overview In general, the Hyperam AT software uses a device driver

-

and a control program to perform any function. The device driver must be invoked in

CONFIG.SYS; the

control program may be invoked at any time after boot. The install package either creates new CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files

or

modifies the ones

it

finds on

your boot disk.

-

The

Hyperam

AT

POOL

driver

(Memory

manager) This device driver allows programs and Hypertec devices to access the expanded memory. When other Hypertec drivers need access to the expanded memory they make a request to this driver. Similarly, when an application program requires access to the expanded memory, the request is passed to this driver.

Hyperam AT is shipped with two pool drivers, called

pool.sys and

poo1400.sys

and an emm driver called

emm.sys.

Pool.sys supports LIM version 3.2 and is installed when

you run the Hyperam

AT

installation program.

-

-.

-

Page

61

HYPERAM AT

-

Pool400.sys

supports LIM version 4.0 and must be

installed manually after running the Hyperam AT

-

installation program.

Emm.sys

also supports LIM 4.0 and must also be

-

installed manually. This driver only controls expanded memory for use by

LIM

spec applications. It cannot be

used to control memory for the Hypertec RAM disk, print

spooling and disk caching utilities.

-

.-

-

Page 62

-

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

POOL.SYS

Synopsis

device

=

pool.sys [q]

[r]

[eNNN] [hNNN]

q

=

only display error messages

r

=

retain the expanded memory contents if

possible

wNNN

=

'NNN'

is a number specifying the

window address (default

DOOO)

eNNN

=

'NNN'

is the amount

of

memory (in Kb) to retain for expanded memory

hNNN

=

'NNN'

is the i/o port address for the

HyperamA T board (default 258)

The

'r'

parameter is optional.If present,

it

will prevent a

-.

clearing

of

the expanded memory

if

internal integrity checks are correct. This allows a RAM disk to survive a reboot caused by CONTROL-ALT-DEL.

The

'w'

parameter is optional. It specifies the address

of

the 64 Kb block

of

memory that will be used as the

window into the expanded memory. This is a block

of memory that must be reserved for use by the Hyperam AT

board.

It

should not conflict with any other memory

in the machine.

The valid window addresses are

coon,

C400, C800,

CCOO

and

DOOO

and

EOOO.

You cannot use

COOO

if

you

-..

have an EGA video board installed. You can only use EOOO

if

you have a Wang 260 PC.

Page 63

HYPERAMAT

-

The

'e'

parameter is optional. Ifpresent, the number

-

following it is used as the amount

of

memory to retain for use by application programs which use the Lotus/lntel Expanded Memory Specification.

If

this parameter is not present, the Hyperam AT software uses all available expanded memory for itself, leaving none available for

-

use by application software.

-

The

'h'

parameter is required to specify the i/o address to

-

be used for the registers that control the expanded

-

memory hardware. The only criterion is that it not

-

conflict with any other hardware addresses in the machine. See the

Hardware Reference section for details.

-

The default setting is 258. Following are the valid

-

addresses for the board; none

of

these should conflict

with anything but another EMS memory board.

-

208 218 258 268 2A8 2B8 2E8 -

-

Example

,...

device = pool.sys r

wdOOO

h268 e256

-

,...

The above command will install the pool driver and

.-

request it to retain RAM drives

if

possible. 256 Kb

of

the

expanded memory will be reserved for application

-

programs to use. The Hyperam

AT

i/o address is 268, the

-

window address is

DOOO.

-

,...

-

Page 64

-

-.

,...

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

POOL400.SYS

Supports exact! y the same parameters as those documented for POOL.SYS.

You will find POOIAOO.SYS on the disk labelled

EMS

4.0 drivers.

-

Page 65

HYPERAM AT

EMM400.SYS

Synopsis

device hNNN

=

emm.sys hNNN

=

NNN is the i/o port register for the

Hyperam AT board (default is 258)

When loaded, emm.sys will reserve all expanded memory from the Hyperam

AT

board for use by EMS

applications.

The

'h'

parameter is required to specify the i/o address to be used for the registers that control the expanded memory hardware. The only criterion is that it not conflict with any other hardware addresses in the machine. This parameter must not be altered without also altering the appropriate switches on the Hyperam AT

board (see the

Hardware Reference section

of

this

manual for details

of

these switches). The default setting

for this parameter is

258. The other valid values are 268,

208, 218, 2A8

and 2B8.

EMM400.SYS must be installed manually after running the Hyperam

AT

installation program. Instructions for

installing emm400.sys are contained in the

Installation

chapter

of

this manual.

You will find EMM400.SYS on the disk labelled

"EMS

4.0 drivers."

Page 66

-

.-

-

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

RAM disks

A ram disk

is

a block

of

memory that looks like an ordinary disk to the operating system. However, because a ram disk has no moving parts

it

works much faster than a conventional disk drive. Programs that read from and write to disk frequently can be sped up significantly

if

they are run from a ram disk.

N.B. A ram disk is lost as soon as you turn the

power

off

to your machine. You should not use

RAM

disks

for

-.

storing sensitive information as it may be lost.

A RAM disk is a block storage device like a floppy disk or

hard disk and

as

such is allocated a letter by DOS.

Because DOS learns about floppy disks and most hard disks from a hidden file called IO.SYS, these devices are allocated letters first. RAM disks, which are loadable devices declared in CONFIG.SYS are allocated drive

letters after floppy and hard disks.On a machine with only

floppy drives the RAM disks will start with letter C; on a

-.

machine with a hard disk they will start at D.

-.

Page 67

-

HYPERAMAT

RAMDISK.SYS

Synopsis

device = ramdisk.sys

[N]

N =

number

of

RAM disks to be declared

(up to 4)

The N parameter is optional.

If

it

is omitted the default

number

of

RAM disks is one.

-

,-

-

Page 68

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

RAMFMT.EXE

Synopsis

ramfmt

[q]

rN/NNN[/f]

q

=

quiet - only print error messages

rN

=

RAM disk number to format

NNN

=

size in kilobytes to make the RAM disk

f

=

force a format

of

the RAM disk

without questions

This commands initialises one

or

more RAM disks.

It

may also be used to reinitialise

an

already defined RAM

disk, or change its size.

If

this command is used on an

already existing RAM disk, you will be asked

if

you want

to proceed;

if

you say yes, the previous contents will be

completely lost. The

'f'

parameter will force the format to be performed without asking you the question; it is for use in batch files.

The maximum number

of

RAM disks you are allowed to

create was defined by you

as

a parameter to

RAMDISK.SYS in your CONFIG.SYS file.

If

you did not specify a number, you may only have one RAM disk. The maximum size

of

a RAM disk is limited by the

amount

of

pool memory you have, and how much

memory you have allocated to other functions.

Page 69

-

HYPERAMAT

Example

ramfmt

rlll28

r2/54.

Format RAM drive 1 at

128

Kb, RAM drive 2 at 54 Kb.

-

Page 70

SOFnNAREREFERENCE

'"'"

Disk caching

A disk cache is a block

of

memory set aside to store

information that has been read from or written to a disk.

The central assumption is that

if

a sector has been accessed once, there is a probability that it will be accessed again in the near future.

If

a copy

of

the

information is retained in memory, then when

it

is accessed again there is no requirement for the disk to be accessed; instead the in-memory copy is read

or

written, at memory speeds.

The overall effect should be to improve the perceived speed

of

access to the disk, as far as the user is concerned. However, it is a statistical operation. If, for example, every sector is only read or written once, then the caching can actually slow down the access to the disk, as it adds

overhead to the disk operation.

Because the cache cannot usually be as large as the disk it is caching (particularly

if

it is a hard disk), data must be

moved into and out

of

the cache continuously. In the

Hypertec software, the sector that was used the longest

time ago is discarded. Thus the size

of

the cache has

an effect on performance. A very small cache will mean that each sector is only in the cache for a very short time, losing much

of

the benefit. Conversely, a very large cache will slow down the system because the software spends more time searching the cache for a sector than

it

would

have taken to read it

off

disk.

Page

71

-

HYPERAMAT

CACHE.SYS

Synopsis

-

device =

cache.sys [NNN]

-.

NNN

=

maximum memory in kilobytes

This driver is responsible for providing caching

on

disks

when requested.

-

N.B.

IF

YOU

PLAN

TO USE DISK CACHING

ON

A

-

NON-IBM

MACHINE

WE

SUGGEST YOU

PROCEED

WITH

EXTREME

CAUTION.

HYPERTEC

HAS

DESIGNED DISK CACHING

SPECIFICALLY

FOR

IBM

MACHINES.

CACHE.EXE

Synopsis

cache [q] fNlhN/bleld[/NNNl/t]

q

= quiet - only print error messages

f

= floppy drive number

'N'

hN

= hard disk drive number

'N'

b = begin caching on this device

e =

end

caching

on

this device

d = discard the cache on this device

t

= flash disk light to indicate valid data

NNN

= time in second to retain cache contents

(floppy)

-

Page 72

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

This program actually turns caching on by telling the cache device drive which disk drives are to be cache. For

floppy disks

it

also specifies the length

of

time to retain

the cache before marking it as invalid.

The parameters

'fN'

and

'hN'

specify the drive to be

affected by the command. The letter

'f'

or

'h'

specifies

floppy

or

hard disk respectively. The number specifies which drive is to be affected. For technical reasons, it is not possible to use the driver letter. The numbers go from

I to N for the floppies, and I to N again for the hard

disks. For example,

'f!'

is the fIrst floppy, normally

drive

A;

'hI'

is the first hard disk, normally drive C.

The commands are Begin caching, End caching, and Discard the cache contents. Each command affects only the drive specified in the fIrst part

of

the command. The

Discard command is used on floppy drives when you

want to change the disk. Recall that the cache is a copy

of

some

of

the sectors on the disk. Ifthe disk is change, the

cache driver cannot tell, but the contents

of

the cache do

not match the contents

of

the disk. This situation may result in data corruption. It is therefore VERY IMPORT

ANT that you discard the cache when you

change the floppy. You may discard by using this program, the popup menu,

or

waiting for a timeout on the

cache.

The optional third parameter is used to alleviate this problem. The cache driver has a timeout on the contents of

a floppy cache. The default value for this period is two

seconds. This is long enough to obtain much

of

the

benefit

of

a cache, but short enough to ensure that data

Page

73

-

HYPERAMAT

corruption cannot occur. You may increase this timeout period

if

you wish; this would be done

if

you had a data

disk that was going to be read and written frequently over

a long period, for example. However, you MUST

remember to discard the cache

if

you change the disk.

There are two alternatives to the above timeout

mechanism. The first is to specify the

't'

parameter,

instead

of

the

'NNN'

timeout. This will cause the disk light on the floppy to flash every two seconds whenever there is valid data in the cache for that drive.This provides a visual warning not to change the floppy, but provides no protection

if

you ignore it.

The final option is to specify a timeout

of

0 (numeric

zero). This will cause no timeout to occur, i.e. the cache

will not be discarded until you explicitly force it. This is dangerous because you have to remember to discard every time the disk is changed.

Examples

cache fllb/4 f21b/200

This begins caching on floppies A and B, with timeouts

of

four and two hundred seconds respectively.

cache

fl/d

f21b hlib

This command discards the cache on drive A, begins

caching on drive B with a default timeout

of

two seconds, and begins caching on the first hard disk (normally drive C).

-

Page 74

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

-.

Print spooling and interrupt driving

A print spooler is a block

of

memory set aside to pretend

that

it

is a fast printer.

Under normal circumstances, when the computer is sending characters to a printer it must wait for the printer to accept each character before sending the next. This means that while printing, the computer

is

fully occupied,

and cannot be used for any other purpose.

When the spooler is in place, the characters are placed in memory before being sent to the printer. As soon as the character is in the spooler, the operating system thinks it has been printed. Control is returned to the application program so that you may proceed with your work. At the same time, a background task takes the characters out

of

the spooler and sends them to the printer.

N.B. Some application programs already have their own

built-in spoolers. Examples include Framework, Multimate and Displaywrite. It is unnecessary to use Hypertec's print spooling with these programs and may even lead

to

problems.

Page 75

HYPERAMAT

SPOOL.SYS

This device driver reserves a portion

of

pool memory for

the spool buffer, and declares which devices will be

spooled.

Synopsis

-

device

=

spool.sys [NNN] parNlcomN

NNN

=

maximum memory in kilobytes

parN

=

provide for spooling

on

parallel port N

-

(N between 1 and 4)

comN

=

provide for spooling on serial port N (N between 1 and 2)

The

NNN

parameter is optional;

it

is a decimal number

-

that specifies in kilobytes the maximum amount

of

pool

-

memory the spooler can use. The default maximum is 8 Kb.

In addition to specifying the amount

of

memory to

-

reserve for spooling you must specify which ports you

-

wish to spool on by using the parN and comN parameters

-

(where N is the number

of

the port specified). -

-

Page 76

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

SPOOL.EXE

-.

This program activates spooling on the ports specified by

-.

SPOOL.SYS.

Synopis

spool [

q]

parNlcomN/bleldlplr

-.

q

= quiet - only print error messages

parN

= parallel port N

(where N is between 1

..

4)

comN

= serial port N

(where N is between 1

..

2)

b

= Begin spooling

on

specified port

-.

e

=

End

spooling on specified port

d

= Discard spool buffer

on

specified port

-.

p

= Pause printing

on

the specified port

r

= Resume printing on the specified port

-.

When the Begin command is issued, any characters sent

to

the port will be placed in the spool buffer, and then

printed by the background task. When the

End

command is issued, no further characters will be accepted into the spool buffer; however, the current contents will still be

-.

printed.

To

prevent the contents being printed, you must

-.

discard before ending. The Pause command is used to

temporarily halt printing on that port; for example, to fix

-.

the paper. The spooler will continue to accept characters

sent to it by the application program; they will be stored, and printed when you restart the spooler. When the

-.

Resume command is issued, printing will commence from where

it

was paused. The Discard command is used

-.

to flush the current contents

of

any

of

the buffers.

Page 77

-

SPOOL.EXE.

-

HVPERAMAT

The Pause and Resume commands may be issued with

this program

or

via the popup menu.

If

issued via the

popup menu, they act on all ports, not just one.

N.B. Ifyou want printing (and spooling) to go to a serial port, you must still use the mode commands in addition to

specifying your COM port in SPOOL.SYS

and

-

Example

mode com2:96,n,7,2 mode 1

ptl

:=com2

spool com2/b

-

will initialise the second serial port, redirect standard printing to it and commence spooling on it.

-

Page 78

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

INTRUPT.SYS

Synopsis

device

==

intrupt. sys

The interrupt driver allows more efficient operations

of the print spooler by allowing the background printing task to avoid consuming unnecessary time on your machine.

There are two mechanisms the background task may use to print characters while the computer is performing other operations. The first is called time slicing; there is a timer

in the computer which ticks

18

times a second. Once

every four ticks, the background tasks takes control

of

the

machine and sends characters to the printer, thus

consuming a fixed percentage

of

computer time. Interrupt driving is a more efficient technique. The hardware port is given a character and told to send it; when it has finished sending, it interrupts the computer and requests another character. While the character is being sent, the computer can proceed with other activities.

-

Interrupt driving is made optional because there is a

-

possibility

of

it interfering with communications

programs you may be using.

-

Page 79

-

HYPERAMAT

INTRUPT.EXE

Synopsis

intrupt

[q]

[1] comllcom2 rxonltxonl..

..

q

=

quiet - only report errors

I

=

list device status

coml

=

serial port one

com2

=

serial port two

dcd

=

data carrier detect

dsr

=

data set ready

cts

=

clear to send

rts

=

request to send

dts

=

data terminal ready

rxon

=

xon/xoff for receive

txon

=

xon/xoff for transmit

none

=

disable all flow control

This program is used to control the method

of

flow

control used by INTRUPT.SYS on serial ports.

Flow control is the process

of

regulating the flow

of

characters from the computer to the printer,

or

from some other device to the computer. The computer can send characters to the printer more quickly than they can be printed. This means that the printer must tell the computer to stop sending for a period, so that it can catch up.

Similarly,

if

another device is sending to the computer, the computer must be able to tell the other device when to stop.

Page 80

-

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

-.

You will have to read your printer manual to determine the type

of

flow control required, and how to wire up the

cable between the computer and the printer. The flow

-.

control is usually one

of

two types: XON-XOFF,

or

hardware lines '

-.

Under XON-XOFF flow control, a device sends an XON character

(DCl,

or

11

hexadecimal in the ASCII table) to

-.

indicate that

it

can receive data, and an XOFF (DC3,

or

13

hexadecimal) to indicate that it cannot receive data.

If

you specify the flag TXON, INTRUPT.SYS will stop

-.

sending

if

it receives an XOFF, and will start sending

-.

when

it

receives an XON character. Ifyou specify

RXON, INTRUPT.SYS will send an XOFF character

-.

when

it

cannot receive any more characters, and will send

an

XON

when

it

is able to receive again.

-.

Note: Some printers send xon

or

xoff

characters

continuously when the computer is not sending

to

them.

-.

This can cause a 10 to

20

% loss o/performance by the

at, as

it

has to keep handling the spurious characters.

It

is

-.

suggested that you turn

off

such printers when not in use.

-.

The other five flags are concerned with hardware flow

control; i.e. they relate to the physical wires on your

cable.

If

you specify

DeD,

DSR or crs then the

corresponding signal must be TRUE (also referred to as

HIGH, ASSERTED, and ON) before the computer will

send data. Conversely,

if

you specify RTS, the computer

will set R

TS

HIGH whenever it wants to send data.

If

you specify DTR, then

it

will set

DTR

TRUE whenever it

is ready to receive data, and set it FALSE whenever it cannot receive.

-.

Page

81

-.

HYPERAMAT

The Popup Menu

Popup is a utility supplied by Hypertec to allow control

of print spooling and disk caching from within application programs.

If

installed, you can invoke popup by holding down the

ALT key and typing a sequence

of

numbers (usually 224) on the numeric keypad. When you do this a small menu appears in the top left

of

your screen. It allows you to pause and resume printing from the print spooler, and to discard the cache on drives A and

B.

POPUP.SYS

Synopsis

device NNN

= =

popup.sys [0 NNN] number specifying alternate command sequence

This device must be loaded last.

Once invoked, selections are made from the displayed options by pressing the appropriate function key. The function is performed and the menu disappears.

Page 82

-

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

The

'NNN'

parameter is optional. When you press AL T

224, this is converted into a single character which the

popup driver intercepts and interprets as a command to

show the menu.

It

is possible that you have an application

that requires this character.

If

this is the case, you can

change the command by specifying a decimal number in

the range 135 to 254 as a parameter to the driver.

If

you specify 225, for example, then to invoke the popup menu, you must type AL T 225.

-

The options on the menu are determined by which drivers you have loaded; if, for example, you have both the spooler and the disk cache loaded, you might see the following:

FI

Pause Spooler

F2

Re-start Spooler

F3

Discard Spool

F4

Change Disk

A:

F5 Change Disk B:

F6

Exit menu

If

you have the print spooler installed,the options to

control

it will appear. Unlike the commands you can give

to the SPOOL.EXE program, they affect all the ports;

if

you are printing from

PARI

and

COMI

at the same time,

then the 'Pause' option will pause printing on both ports.

If

you have the cache driver installed, the options to change floppy disks will appear. These cause the cache on the corresponding floppy disk to be discarded; see the cache program documentation for further explanation.

-

Page 83

-

HYPERAMAT

Note:

When

using

your display

in

graphics

mode,

the

popup menu will display a highly attenuated summary

of

the

options. Essentially,

the

summary pairs each active

function

key

with a single letter

to

identify

the

command.

This

is

because ofspace

restrictions imposed

to

keep

the

driver

to

a reasonable size.

The

letters

are

as

self

explanatory

as

possible, but ofnecessity some

are

a little

cryptic; here

are

the

letters

in

use:

P

Pause spooler

R

Restart spooler

D

Discard spooler buffer

A

Change cached floppy disk A

B

Change cached floppy disk B

-

Page 84

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

SETRAMAT.EXE

Synopsis

-.

setramat

[q]

[sb/NNN ss/NNN] [ebINNN eslNNN]

[p]

[d]

[r NNN] [w NNN]

q

=

quiet - only print error messages

sb/NNN

=

set system ram base address to NNNKb

ss/NNN

=

set system ram size to NNN Kb

eb/NNN

=

set extended ram base address to

-.

NNNKb

es/NNN

=

set extended ram size to NNN Kb

P

=

allocate all pages to expanded memory

d

=

disable all pages

-.

rNNN

=

set board address to NNN (default 258)

wNNN

=

set window address to NNN (default

DOOO)

-.

This program is used to set the memory configuration information stored in the battery backed ram on the Hyperam AT board. Under normal circumstances the install program will run SETRAMAT for you. If however, you are installing more memory

or

multiple

Hyperam AT boards, you may need to run this program

separately.

-.

SETRAMA T sets the amount

of

Hyperam AT memory

allocated to system and extended memory, the address

of

-.

the EMS control register and the EMS window.

-.

Page 85

-.

-

HYPERAMAT

-

The memory on the Hyperam AT board is divided into

-

pages. These pages may be allocated

to

system, extended

-

or

expanded memory. The function

of

SETRAMAT is to

-

allocate these pages.

-

The

'sb'

parameter sets the address at which Hyperam AT

memory allocated to system memory will appear. The

-

valid values are 256 Kb, 384 Kb and 512 Kb. If you use

-

the

'sb'

parameter, you must also specify the

'ss'

parameter; this indicates how much HyperamAT memory

-

to give to system memory. The valid values are 128 Kb,

-

256 Kb and 384 Kb.

-

The

'eb'

parameter sets the address at which Hyperam

-

AT memory allocated to extended memory will appear.

-

The valid values are any 128 Kb boundary, starting at

-

1024 Kb. Thus the first few values are 1024 Kb, 1152 Kb,

-

1270 Kb, 1398 Kb etc.

If

you use the

'eb'

parameter, you

-

must also specify the '

es'

parameter; this indicates how

-

much Hyperam

AT

memory to give to extended memory. -

The valid values are simply the amount

of

memory you

-

have available, in 128 Kb blocks.

-

The

'p'

parameter allocates all the memory on the board

-

to expanded memory. This means none

of

the Hyperam

-

AT memory would be available for system

or

extended

-

memory.

-

The

'd'

parameter is used to disable all the memory on

-

the Hyperam

AT

board. You may wish to do this

if

you

-

think there is an error on the board hardware, and you

-

want to disable the hardware to see

if

the error goes away.

-

Page

86

-

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

-.

The

'r'

parameter is used to specify the address

of

the

-.

EMS control register (also referred to as the board

-.

address elsewhere in this manual). The valid values are

-.

258, 268, 2a8, 2b8, 2e8, 208, 218.

The

'w'

parameter is used to set the address

of

the EMS

window. Valid values are

COOO,

C400, C800,

CCOO,

DOOO

and

EOOO.

COOO

may only be used

if

you do not have an EGA video board installed. Eooo may only be used

if

your computer is a Wang 260 PC.

Examples

setramat sb/512 ss/128 r 258 w Dooo

-.

This command will set the board to supply 128 Kb

of

memory to system memory, starting at address 512 Kb.

The rest

of

the memory on the board will be used for

expanded memory; the control register address will be

-.

258, and the window address will be Dooo.

setramat sb/256 ss/384 eb/1024 es/512 r 268 w

COOO

This command will allocate 384 Kb

of

memory to system

memory, starting at 256 Kb. 512 Kb

of

memory will be

allocated to extended, starting at 1024 Kb. The EMS

control register will be at 268 and the window will be at

Cooo.

-.

Page 87

-

HVPERAMAT

-

WTCRAM.EXE

-

This program is used to set the memory configuration information stored in the battery backed RAM on the

AT

-.

motherboard. Under normal circumstances the install

-

package will run WTCRAM for you.

If

you are installing

-

your Hyperam AT board manually, however, you will need

to

use this program.

-

Synopsis

-

wtcram [b=NNN] [e=NNN]

b =

NNN

-

e = NNN

-

The

'b'

parameter specifies the amount, in kilobytes,

of

-

system memory in the computer

-

The

'e'

parameter specifies tha amount, in kilobytes,

of

-

extended memory in the computer.

-

Examples

-

wtcram b = 640 e= 1 024

-

-.

Configures the computer for 640

Kb

of

system memory

-

and 1024 Kb

of

extended memory

-

N.B. WTCRAM works in much the same way as the

AT

-

setup program. You should run either wtcram or your

-

setup program,

not

both. -

-

Page 88

-

APPENDICES

Appendix A • Switch Setting

Summary

Memory enable/disable

This may be useful

if

you have a problem and want to

determine whether the HyperamA T could be causing it.

S1.8

OFF board memory ENABLED

ON

board memory DISABLED

EMS register address

-

The table below indicates how

to

set the board address or

EMS control register.

Sl.5 Sl.6 Sl.7

EMS Register

OFF OFF

OFF

EMS disabled

ON

OFF

ON

208

OFF OFF

ON

218

ON

258

-

OFF

ON

268

ON ON

OFF

2A8

OFF

ON

OFF

2B8

ON

OFF

2E8

The default is 258, i.e. SW1.5, 1.6 and 1.7 all ON.

Page 89

HYPERAMAT

Memory size

The table below indicates how to set the address for the amount

of

memory installed on the board.

SW2.1 SW2.2

SW2.3 SW2.4

512Kb

OFF

ON

OFF OFF

1Mb

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

2Mb

ON

OFF

ON

Serial ports

The table below indicates how to set the serial ports. The

board is labelled COM

land

COM2. As noted in the

Hardware Reference section, the serial port

at

2F8

(labelled COM2 on the HyperamA T board) may appear

as

COMl

to DOS in some circumstances.

The serial port labelled

COMl

on the board is used with

the 9 pin connector at the back

of

the board. The port labelled COM2 may only be used with the 26 pin header labelled COM2.

Sl.1

OFF

disable port at 3F8

ON

enable port at 3F8

S1.2 OFF

disable port at 2F8

ON

enable port at 2F8

-

,..

-

,..

-

,..

-

,..

-

,..

-

,..

-

,..

-

,..

Page 90

-

APPENDICES

Parallel port

The parallel port uses the large 25 pin connector at the back

of

the board. When its address is set to 278,

it

uses

interrupt level 5, and when set to 378

it

uses interrupt level 7. This is as per IBM standards. The table below indicates how to set up the port.

S1.3

OFF

disable parallel port

ON

enable parallel port

S1.4

OFF

set address to 278

ON

set address to 378

Page

91

-

HYPERAMAT

Appendix B

Warranty

Hypertec Pty Ltd warrants the hardware components

of

this product to be in good working order for a period

of

two years from the date

of

purchase from Hypertec

or

an

authorised Hypertec dealer. Should this product fail to be

in good working order at any time in this two year

warranty period, Hypertec will, at its option, repair

or replace this product. Repair parts and replacement products will be furnished on an exchange basis and will

be either reconditioned

or

new. All replaced parts will

become the property

of

Hypertec. This limited warranty does not include service to repair damage resulting from accident, disaster, misuse, abuse

or

non-Hypertec

modification

of

the product. Components, such as memory, installed by the dealer or the user are not covered by this warranty.

Hypertec Pty Ltd provides no warranty

of

any kind for

the software component

of

this product. The entire risk as

to the results and performance

of

the software is assumed

by you.

Apart from the above, no warranty is expressed

or

implied, including warranty

of

merchantability or

warranty

of

fitness for use

or

for a particular purpose. In

any event, liability is limited to replacement

of

the product. In no event shall Hypertec be liable for any incidental, general, special, exemplary

or

consequential

damages, even

if

Hypertec has been advised

of

the

possibility

of

such damages.

Page 92

-

APPENDICES

Product Repair Procedure

If

the hardware component

of

your Hypertec product ever

-

requires repair, contact your dealer first.

If

the product must be returned to the factory for repair, follow these guidelines for rapid turnaround:

[1] You must be issued with a

Return Maintenance

Authority (RMA)

number from Hypertec before

shipping the faulty product. The RMA may be obtained by contacting Hypertec's Service

Department.

[2] The product must be shipped in the original packaging

or equivalent. You agree to insure the product

or

assume the risk

of

loss or damage in transit, and to prepay shipping charges to and from the factory. You must enclose a copy

of

your original purchase receipt

as proof

of

date

of

purchase for all warranty repairs.

You should also enclose a type-written description

of the problem, and full details on how to contact you during business hours.

[3]

If

the product is being repaired under warranty, there

is not charge for parts and labour, except for dealer

or

-.

user-installed components. Dealer installed

components are warranted by the dealer.

If

we find

-.

that your dealer or user-installed parts are defective, we will identify which parts are defective, but we will

....

not replace parts unless you specifically authorise us to do so in writing when you return the board. The parts charges and any applicable labour charges will

be billed.

Page 93

Hypertec HYPERAM AT User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual