Husqvarna 965030298, 455 RANCHER Owner’s Manual

Operator's _anua[ _EPA I[
Please read the operat:ol _smanual calefully and make sule you
understand the instl uc_:ions before using the machine.
KEY TO SYMBOLS
Key to symbols
WARNING! Chain saws can be dangerous! Careless or improper use can result in serious or fatal iniury to the operator or
Please read the operator's manual carefully and make sure you understand the instructions before using the machine.
Always wear:
Approved protective helmet Approved hearing protection
Protective goggles or a visor
Both of the operator's hands must be used to operate the chain saw.
Never operate a chain saw holding it with one hand only.
Refuelling.
Filing with oil and adjusting oil flow.
The chain brake must be engaged when the chain saw is started.
Contact of the guide bar tip with any obiect must be avoided.
Tip contact may cause the guide bar to move suddenly upward and backward (so-
called kickback), which may cause serious injury.
Other symbNs/decNs on the machine refer to speciam certification requirements
for certain markets.
Switch off the engine by moving the stop switch to the STOP position before carrying out any checks or maintenance.
Always wear approved protective gloves.
Regular cleaning is required.
Visual check.
@
The Emissions Compliance Period referred to on the Emission Compliance labe! indicates the number of operating hours for which the engine has been shown to meet Federal emissions requirements. Category C = 50 hours, B = 125
hours, and A = 300 hours. Maintenance, replacement, or repair of the emission control
devices and system may be performed by any nonroad engine repair establishment or individual.
WARNING
The engine exhaust from this product
contains chemicals known to the State
of California to cause cancer, birth
defects or other reproductive harm.
Protective goggles or a visor must be worn.
2 - English
Contents
KEYTO SYMBOLS
Key to symbols ............................................................. 2
CONTENTS
Contents ...................................................................... 3
INTRODUCTION
Dear customer! ............................................................ 4
WHAT IS WHAT?
What is what on the chain saw? .................................. 5
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Before using a new chain saw ..................................... 6
Important ...................................................................... 6
Always use common sense ......................................... 6
Personal protective equipment ..................................... 7
Machine's safety equipment ........................................ 7
Cutting equipment ........................................................ 10
ASSEMBLY
Fitting the bar and chain .............................................. 16
FUEL HANDLING
Fuel .............................................................................. 17
Fueling ......................................................................... 18
Fuel safety ................................................................... 18
STARTING AND STOPPING
Starting and stopping ................................................... 19
WORKING TECHNIQUES
Before use: ................................................................... 21
General working instructions ....................................... 21
How to avoid kickback .................................................. 28
MAINTENANCE
General ........................................................................ 29
Carburetor adjustment ................................................. 29
Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw safety
equipment .................................................................... 30
Muffler .......................................................................... 32
Starter .......................................................................... 33
Air filter ......................................................................... 34
Spark plug .................................................................... 34
Lubricating the bar tip sprocket .................................... 34
Needle bearing lubrication ........................................... 35
Adjustment of the oil pump .......................................... 35
Cooling system ............................................................ 35
"Air injection" centrifugal cleaning ................................ 35
Winter use .................................................................... 36
Maintenance schedule ................................................. 37
TECHNICAL DATA
Technical data ..............................................................
Bar and chain combinations ........................................
FEDERAL EMISSION CONTROL WARRANTY STATEMENT
YOUR WARRANTY RIGHTS AND OBLiGATiONS .....
AMERICAN STANDARD SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Safety precautions for chain saw users .......................
38 39 38
4O
41
English - 3
Dear customer!
Congratulations on your choice to buy a Husqvarna product! Husqvarna is based on a tradition that dates back to !689, when the Swedish King Karl Xl ordered the construction of a factory on the banks of the Huskvarna River, for production of muskets. The location was !ogical, since water power was harnessed from the Huskvarna River to create the waterupowered plant. During over 300 years of continuous operation, the Husqvarna factory has produced a lot of different products, from wood stoves to modern kitchen appliances, sewing machines, bicycles, motorcycles etc. In 1956, the first motor driven lawn mowers appeared, followed
by chain saws in 1959, and it is within this area Husqvarna is working today. Today Husqvarna isone of the leading manufacturers in the world of forest and garden products, with quality as our highest priority.
We develop, manufacture and market high quality motor driven products for forestry and gardening as well as for building and construction industry.
Your purchase gives you access to professional help with repairs and service whenever this may be necessary. If the retailer who sells your machine is not one of our authorized dealers, ask for the address of your nearest servicing dealer.
It is our wish that you will be satisfied with your product and that it will be your companion for a Iong time. Think of this operator's manual as a valuable document. By following its' content (using, service, maintenance etc) the Iife span and the seconduhand value of the machine can be extended. If you ever lend or sell this machine, make sure that the borrower or buyer gets the operator's
manual, so they will also know how to properly maintain and use it. Thank you for using a Husqvarna product. Husqvarna AB has a policy of continuous product development and therefore reserves the right to modify the design and
appearance of products without prior notice. For customer assistance call: 704_921 _7000 or contact us at our website: www.husqvarna.com
4 - English
WHAT iS WHAT?
What is what on the chain saw?
1 Cylinder cover 2 Starter handle
3 Air purge 4 Stop switch dgnition on/off switch,)
5 Rear handle 6 Choke controWStart throttle lock
7 Fuel tank 8 Adiuster screws carburetor
9 Starter 10 Chain oil tank 11 Throttle Iock
12 Decompression valve 13 Front handle
14 Front hand guard 15 Muffler
@
H[/_l_lglglglglglg
16 Bar tip sprocket 17 Chain 18 Bar
19 Bumper spike
20 Chain tensioning screw 21 Chain catcher
22 Oil pump adjustment screw 23 Clutch cover
24 Right hand guard 25 Throttle control
26 Operator's manual 27 Combination spanner 28 Bar guard 29 Information and warning decal
30 Product and serial number plate
English - 5
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Before using a new chain saw
Please read this manuaI carefully= Check that the cutting equipment is correctly fitted and
adjusted. See instructions under the heading Assembly= Refuel and start the chain saw=See the instructions under
the headings Fuel Handiing and Starting and Stopping. Do not use the chain saw until sufficient ctqain eli has
reached the chain. See instructions under the heading Lubricating cutting equipment.
Long-term exposure to noise can result in permanent hearing impairment. So always use approved hearing
protection=
WARNING! Under no circumstances may the
design of the machin e be modified without
the _ermiesion of the manufacturer. A_ways use genuine aeeeeeories_ Nen.authodzed modifications and!or accessories can resumt in serious persona! injury er the death of the opetator or others. Your warranty may not cove r damage or liabii!ty caused by the use
of nonoauthorized aceeaeories or replacement parts,
important
IMPORTANT!
The machine is only designed for cutting wood. You should only use the saw with the bar and chain
combinations we recommend in the chapter Technical data. Never use the machine if you are fatigued, while under the
influence of alcohol or drugs, medication or anything that could affect your vision, aIertness, coordination or judgement=
Wear personal protective equipment= See instructions under the heading Personal protective equipment.
Do not modify this product or use it if it appears to have been modified by others=
Never use a machine that is faulty. Carry out the checks, maintenance and service instructions described in this
manual. Some maintenance and service measures must be carried out by trained and qualified specialists= See
instructions under the heading Maintenance= Never use any accessories other than those recommended
in this manual See instructions under the headings Cutting equipment and Technical data.
CAUTION! Always wear protective glasses or a face visor to reduce the risk of iniury from thrown obiects= A chain saw is capable of throwing obiects, such as wood chips, small pieces of wood, etc, at great force=This can result in serious injury, especially to the eyes.
conte_ operator's manual
inside of the muffler contain
chemicals that may be carcinogenic. Avoid contact with these elements in the event of a
WAF{N!NG! Faulty cutting equipment or the
/ V\ wrongoomb nat onofbarandsawcho .
increases the r!sk of kickback! On!y use the
bar!saw chain combinations we recommend,
and follow the filing instructional See
inetruct!0nS under the heading Techniea!
data.
Always use common sense
Itis not possible to cover every conceivable situation you can
face when using a chain saw=Always exercise care and use your common sense=Avoid aII situations which you consider to be beyond your capabiIity= If you stiII feeI uncertain about operating procedures after reading these instructions, you
should consult an expert before continuing= Do not hesitate to contact your dealer or us if you have any questions about the use of the chain saw. We will willingly be of service and provide you with advice as well as help you to use your chain saw both efficiently and safely=Attend a training course in
6 - English
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
chain saw usage if possible. "Yourdealer, forestry schoo! or your library can provide information about which training
materials and courses are available.
Work is constantly in progress to improve the design and technology - improvements that increase your safety and efficiency. Visit your dealer regularly to see whether you can
benefit from new features that have been introduced.
Personal protective equipment
WARNING! Most chain saw accidents happea when the chain touches the
operator, You must use approved personal Protective equipment whenever you use the
machine, PersonaJ protective equipment
canner eliminate the risk of injury but it W!H reduce the degree Of injury if an accident does happen. Ask your dealer for he!p in choosing the right equipment,
GeneraIIy clothes should be close-fitting without restricting your freedom of movement=
iMPORTANT! Sparks can come from the muffler, the bar
and chain or other sources. Always have fire extinguishing tools avaiIable if you should need them= Help prevent forest
Machine's safety equipment
Inthis section the machine's safety features and their function are explained. For inspection and maintenance see instructions under the heading Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw safety equipment. See instructions under the heading, What is what?, to find where these parts are
located on your machine= The life span of the machine can be reduced and the risk of
accidents can increase if machine maintenance is not carried out correctly and if service and/or repairs are not carried out
professionally. Ifyou need further information please contact your nearest servicing dealer.
_ be inspected and
maintained. See instructions undet" the heading Checking, mainia!ning and
serve ng chain saw safety equipment, If
you machinedoesnotpas thecheoks,|
take the_eaier for repair.
Chain brake and front hand guard
Approved protective helmet Hearing protection
Protective goggles or a visor Gloves with saw protection Trousers with saw protection
Boots with saw protection, steel toe-cap and non-slip sole Always have a first aid kit nearby.
Fire Extinguisher and Shovel
Your chain saw is equipped with a chain brake that is designed to stop the chain if you get a kickback. The chain brake reduces the risk of accidents, but only you can prevent
them=
Take care when using your saw and make sure the kickback zone of the bar never touches any object=
The chain brake (A) can either be activated manually (by your Ieft hand) or automatically by the inertia release
mechanism.
The brake is applied when the front hand guard (B) is pushed forwards.
English - 7
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTmONS
This movement activates a spring-Ioaded mechanism that tightens the brake band (C) around the engine drive system (D) (clutch drum).
C
D
The front hand guard is not designed solely to activate the chain brake. Another important feature is that it reduces
the risk of the chain hitting your left hand if you lose grip of the front handle.
The chain brake must be engaged when the chain saw is started to prevent the saw chain from rotating.
Kickback can be very sudden and violent. Most kickbacks are minor and do not always activate the chain brake. If this happens you should hold the chain saw firmly and not let go.
The way the chain brake is activated, either manuaily or automatically by the inertia release mechanism, depends
on the force of the kickback and the position of the chain saw in relation to the obiect that the kickback zone of the
bar strikes.
Ifyou get a violent kickback while the kickback zone of the bar is farthest away from you the chain brake is designed to be activated by the inertia in the kickback direction.
Use the chain brake as a "parking brake" when starting and when moving over short distances, to reduce the risk
of moving chain accidentally hitting your leg or anyone or anything close by.
To release the chain brake pulI the front hand guard backwards, towards the front handle.
Ifthe kickback is tess violent or the kickback zone of the bar is closer to you the chain brake is designed to be
activated manually by the movement of your left hand.
In the felling position the Ieft hand is in a position that
makes manual activation of the chain brake impossible. With this type of grip, that is when the Ieft hand is placed
so that it cannot affect the movement of the front hand guard, the chain brake can oniy be activated by the inertia
action.
8 - English
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Will my hand atways activate the chain brake during a kickback?
No. Ittakes a certain force to move the hand guard forward. If your hand onIy lightly touches the front guard or slips over it, the force may not be enough to trigger the chain brake. You should aIso maintain a firm grip of the chain saw handles
while working. If you do and experience a kickback, your hand may never Ieave the front handle and wiII not activate the chain brake, or the chain brake wilI onIy activate after the saw has swung around a considerable distance. In such instances, the chain brake might not have enough time to stop the saw chain before it touches you.
There are also certain positions in which your hand cannot reach the front hand guard to activate the chain brake; for example, when the saw chain is held in felling position.
Will my inetria activated chain brake a_ways activate during kickback in the
event of a kickback?
No. First your brake must be in working order. Testing the brake is simple, see instructions under the heading Checking,
maintaining and servicing chain saw safety equipment. We recommend you do before you begin each work session. Second the kickback must be strong enough to activate the
chain brake. If the chain brake is too sensitive it would activate all the time which would be a nuisance.
Chain catcher
The chain catcher is designed to catch the chain if it snaps or jumps off. This should not happen ifthe chain is property tensioned (see instructions under the heading Assembly) and if the bar and chain are property serviced and maintained (see instructions under the heading General working
instructions),
Right hand guard
Apart from protecting your hand if the chain jumps or snaps, the right hand guard stops branches and twigs from interfering with your grip on the rear handle.
Wili my chain brake always protect me from injury in the event of a kickback?
No. First, the chain brake must be in working order to provide the intended protection. Second, it must be activated during the kickback as described above to stop the saw chain. Third, the chain brake may be activated but if the bar is to close to
you the brake might not have enough time to slow down and stop the chain before the chain saw hits you.
Ordy you and proper working technique can eliminate kickback and its danger°
Throttle _ock
The throttle lock is designed to prevent accidental operation of the throttle control When you press the lock (A) (Le. when
you grasp the handIe) it releases the throttle controI (B). When you release the handle the throttle control and the throttle Iock both move back to their original positions. This arrangement means that the throttle control is automatically locked at the idte setting.
Vibration damping system
"Yourmachine is equipped with a vibration damping system that is designed to reduce vibration and make operation easier.
The machine's vibration damping system reduces the transfer of vibration between the engine unWcutting equipment and
the machine's handle unit. The body of the chain saw, including the cutting equipment, is
insulated from the handles by vibration damping units.
B
English - 9
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Cutting hardwoods (most broadleaf trees) creates more vibration than cutting softwoods (most conifers). Cutting with cutting equipment that is blunt or faulty (wrong type or badly sharpened) will increase the vibration level.
_antiaHy increase
WARNING! Overexposure tO vibration can
_ ead to circulatory damage or nerve damage
!n people who hav e impaired circujationl Contact your doctor if you e×perience
symptoms of overexposure to vibration, Such symptoms include numbness, lose of
feeling, tingling, pricking , pain, loss of strength, changes in skin ¢olour or
condition,These symptoms normally appear
symptoms may be increased in cold temperatures,
Stop switch
Use the stop switch to switch off the engine.
',\
\
\
Muffler
Cutting equipment
This section describes how to choose and maintain your cutting equipment in order to:
Reduce the risk of kickback=
Reduce the risk of the saw chain breaking or jumping off the bar=
Obtain optimal cutting performance.
Extend the life of cutting equipment. Avoid increasing vibration levels=
Genera_ ru_es
Onmyuse cutting equipment recommended by us! See instructions under the heading Technical data.
Keep the chain's cutting teeth properly sharpened!
Follow our instructions and use the recommended fiBe gauge, A damaged or badly sharpened chain increases
the risk of accidents=
The muffler is designed to keep noise Ievels to a minimum and to direct exhaust fumes away from the user.
_teo Never start the
In areas with a hot, dry climate there is a high risk of fires= These areas are sometimes subiect to government rules requiring among other things the muffler must be equipped with an approved type of spark arrestor mesh.
CAUTION! The muffler gets very hot during and after use. This also applies during idling. Be aware of the fire hazard, especially when working near flammable substances and/
Or vapours.
Maintain the correct depth gauge setting! Follow our
instructions and use the recommended depth gauge clearance. Too large a clearance increases the risk of
kickback.
Keep the chain properly tensioned! If the chain is slack it is more Iikely to jump off and lead to increased wear on
the bar, chain and drive sprocket.
Keep cutting equipment welmlubricated and properly
maintained! A poorly lubricated chain is more likely to break and Iead to increased wear on the bar, chain and
drive sprocket=
10 - English
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Cutting equipment designed to reduce kickback
WARNING! Faulty cutting equipment or the
/ T\ wro.gcomb oat o,ofbarnodsawChain
increases _he risk of kickback! On!y use the
bar!saw chain combinations we recommend, and _o!low the filing instructions, See instructions under _he heading Technica!
data.
The onIy way to avoid kickback is to make sure that the kickback zone of the bar never touches anything=
By using cutting equipment with "buiR-in" kickback reduction and keeping the chain sharp and well-maintained you can
reduce the effects of kickback.
Bar The smaller the tip radius the lower the chance of kickback.
Chain A chain is made up of a number of links, which are available
in standard and low-kickback versions=
IMPORTANT! No saw chain design eliminates the danger
Bar groove width (inches/mm). The groove in the bar must
match the width of the chain drive links.
Chain oil hole and hole for chain tensioner. The bar must be matched to the chain saw design.
Chain
Chain pitch (inches)
2
_ PITCH = D
Drivelinkwidth(ram/inches)
Some terms that describe the bar and chain To maintain the safety features of the cutting equipment, you
should replace a worn or damaged bar or chain with a bar and chain combinations recommended by Husqvarna. See
instructions under the heading Technical Data for a list of replacement bar and chain combinations we recommend.
Bar
Length (inches/cm)
Number of teeth on bar tip sprocket (T).
Chain pitch (inches). The spacing between the drive links of the chain must match the spacing of the teeth on the bar tip sprocket and drive sprocket.
Number of drive links,
Sharpening your chain and adjusting depth gauge setting
General information on sharpening cutting teeth
Never use a blunt chain. When the chain is blunt you have to exert more pressure to force the bar through the wood and the chips wiII be very small= If the chain is very biunt
it wJJJproduce wood powder and no chips or shavings= A sharp chain eats its way through the wood and
produces long, thick chips or shavings.
Number of drive links. The number of drive links is determined by the length of the bar, the chain pitch and
the number of teeth on the bar tip sprocket.
The cutting part of the chain is called the cutter and consists of a cutting tooth (A) and the depth gauge (B).
The cutters cutting depth is determined by the difference in height between the two (depth gauge setting).
A
English - 11
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
When you sharpen a cutting tooth there are four important factors to remember.
1 Filing angle
2 Cutting angle
o/
3 File position
4 Round file diameter
it is very difficult to sharpen a chain correctly without the right equipment. We recommend that you use our file gauge. This will help you obtain the maximum kickback reduction and
cutting performance from your chain.
Always file cutting teeth from the inside face. Reduce the pressure on the return stroke. FiIe alI the teeth on one side
first, then turn the chain saw and file the teeth on the other side.
File all the teeth to the same length. When the length of the cutting teeth is reduced to 4 mm (0.16") the chain is worn out and should be replaced.
rain 4 mm
General advice on adjusting depth gauge setting
When you sharpen the cutting tooth (A) the depth gauge setting (C) will decrease. To maintain optimal cutting performance the depth gauge (B) has to be filed down to
achieve the recommended depth gauge setting. See instructions under the heading TechnicaI data to find
the correct depth gauge setting for your particular chain.
c
See instructions under the heading Technical data for information about sharpening your chain.
Sharpening cutting teeth
To sharpen cutting teeth you will need a round file and a file gauge= See instructions under the heading TechnicaI data for information on the size of file and gauge that are
recommended for the chain fitted to your chain saw.
0
Adjustment of depth gauge setting
The cutting teeth should be newly sharpened before adjusting the depth gauge setting. We recommend that you adjust the depth gauge setting every third time you sharpen the cutting teeth. NOTE! This recommendation
assumes that the length of the cutting teeth is not reduced excessively=
You will need a flat file and a depth gauge tool= We recommend that you use our depth gauge tooi to acheive the correct depth gauge setting and bevel for the depth
gauge=
Check that the chain is correctly tensioned. A slack chain will move sideways, making it more difficult to sharpen correctly=
12 - English
Place the depth gauge tool over the chain. Detailed information regarding the use of the depth gauge tool, wiII be found on the package for the depth gauge tool. Use the
fiat file to file off the tip of the depth gauge that protrudes
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTmONS
through the depth gauge tool. The depth gauge setting is correct when you no longer feel resistance as you draw the file along the depth gauge tool.
Tensioning the chain
The more you use a chain the longer it becomes. It is therefore important to adiust the chain regularly to take up the
slack. Check the chain tension every time you refuel. NOTE! A new
chain has a running-in period during which you should check the tension more frequently.
Tension the chain as tightly as possible, but not so tight that you cannot pull it round freely by hand.
Lubricating cutting equipment
Chain oil
Chain oil must demonstrate good adhesion to the chain and also maintain its flow characteristics regardless of whether it
is warm summer or cold winter weather. As a chain saw manufacturer we have developed an optimal
chain oil which has a vegetable oil base. We recommend the use of our own oil for both maximum chain life and to minimise
environmental damage. If our own chain oil is not available, standard chain oil is recommended.
Never use waste oil! Using waste oil can be dangerous to you and damage the machine and environment.
IMPORTANT! When using vegetable based saw chain oil, dismantle and clean the groove in the bar and saw chain before long-term storage. Otherwise there is a risk of the saw chain oil oxidizing, which will result in the saw chain becoming stiff and the bar tip sprocket iamming.
Fitting with chain oil
All our chain saws have an automatic chain lubrication system. On some models the oil flow is also adiustabte.
Loosen the bar nuts that hold the clutch cover/chain brake. Use the combination spanner. Then tighten the bar
nuts by hand as tight as you can.
Raise the tip of the bar and stretch the chain by tightening the chain tensioning screw using the combination
spanner. Tighten the chain until it does not sag from the underside of the bar.
Use the combination spanner to tighten the bar nuts while lifting the tip of the bar at the same time. Check that you can pull the chain round freely by hand and that it does not sag from the underside of the bar.
The saw chain oil tank and the fuel tank are designed so that the fuel runs out before the saw chain oil.
However, this safety feature requires that you use the right
sort of chain oil (ifthe oil istoo thin itwill run out before the fuel), and that you adiust the carburetor as recommended
(a lean mixture may mean that the fuel lasts longer than the oil) and that you also use the recommended cutting equipment (a bar that is too long will use more chain oil).
Checking chain lubrication
Check the chain lubrication each time you refuel. See instructions under the heading Lubricating the bar tip
sprocket. Aim the tip of the bar at a light coloured surface about 20
cm (8 inches) away. After 1 minute running at 3/4 throttle you should see a distinct line of oil on the light surface.
The position of the chain tensioning screw on our chain saws varies from model to model. See instructions under the
heading What is what? to find out where it is on your model.
English - 13
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTmONS
If the chain lubrication is not working:
Check that the eli channel in the bar is not obstructed, Clean if necessary,
Check that the groove in the edge of the bar is clean, Clean if necessary,
Check that the bar tip sprocket turns freely and that the lubricating hole in the tip sprocket is not blocked, Clean and lubricate if necessary,
Checking wear on cutting equipment
Check the chain daily for:
Visible cracks in rivets and links_ Whether the chain is stiff,
Whether rivets and links are badly worn,
Replace the saw chain if it exhibits any of the points above, We recommend you compare the existing chain with a new
chain to decide how badly the existing chain is worn, When the length of the cutting teeth has worn down to onIy 4
mm (0,16 inch) the chain must be replaced, Bar
Ufthe chain lubrication system is still not working after carrying out the above checks and associated measures you should
contact your servicing dealer,
Chain drive sprocket
The clutch drum is fitted with one of the following drive sprockets:
A Spur sprocket (the chain sprocket is welded on the drum) B Rim sprocket (replaceable)
Regularly check the degree of wear on the drive sprocket, Replace if wear is excessive, Replace the drive sprocket whenever you replace the chain,
Needle bearing lubrication
Check regularly:
Whether there are burrs on the edges of the bar, Remove these with a file if necessary,
'll
Whether the groove in the bar has become badly worn,
Replace the bar if necessary,
Whether the tip of the bar is uneven or badly worn, If a hollow forms on the underside of the bar tip this is due to running with a slack chain,
Both versions of sprockets have a needle bearing on the drive shaft, which has to be greased regularly (once a week),
CAUTION! Use only high quality bearing grease or engine oil, See instructions under the heading Maintenance, Needle
bearing lubrication,
14 - English
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