OptiX RTN 360 Radio Transmission System
V100R006C00
Product Description
Issue 01
Date 2016-01-15
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2016. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: |
Huawei Industrial Base |
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Bantian, Longgang |
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Shenzhen 518129 |
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People's Republic of China |
Website: |
http://www.huawei.com |
Email: |
support@huawei.com |
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OptiX RTN 360 Radio Transmission System |
About This Document |
Product Description |
About This Document
Related Versions
The following table lists the product versions related to this document.
Product Name |
Version |
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OptiX RTN 360 |
V100R006C00 |
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iManager U2000–T |
V200R015C60 |
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iManager U2000–M |
V200R015C10 |
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Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
•Network planning engineer
•Hardware installation engineer
•Installation and commissioning engineer
•Field maintenance engineer
•Data configuration engineer
•System maintenance engineer
Familiarity with the basic knowledge related to digital microwave communication technology will help you apply the information in this document.
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
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which, if not avoided, will result in death or |
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serious injury. |
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Product Description |
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which, if not avoided, could result in death |
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or serious injury. |
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Indicates a potentially hazardous situation |
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which, if not avoided, may result in minor |
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or moderate injury. |
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which, if not avoided, could result in |
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equipment damage, data loss, performance |
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deterioration, or unanticipated results. |
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NOTICE is used to address practices not |
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related to personal injury. |
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Calls attention to important information, |
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best practices and tips. |
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NOTE is used to address information not |
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related to personal injury, equipment |
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damage, and environment deterioration. |
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General Conventions
The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention |
Description |
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Times New Roman |
Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman. |
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Boldface |
Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in |
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boldface. For example, log in as user root. |
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Italic |
Book titles are in italics. |
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Courier New |
Examples of information displayed on the screen are in |
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Courier New. |
Change History
Changes between document issues are cumulative. The latest document issue contains all the changes made in earlier issues.
Issue 01 (2016-01-15)
This issue is the first release for the product version V100R006C00.
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OptiX RTN 360 Radio Transmission System |
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Product Description |
Contents |
Contents
About This Document..................................................................................................................... |
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1 Product Introduction..................................................................................................................... |
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1.1 |
Network Application...................................................................................................................................................... |
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1.2 |
Product Specifications.................................................................................................................................................... |
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1.3 |
Site Configurations......................................................................................................................................................... |
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1.3.1 Sites Providing One-Direction Microwave Links....................................................................................................... |
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1.3.2 Sites Providing Two-Direction Microwave Links....................................................................................................... |
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1.3.3 Sites Providing Multi-direction Microwave Links...................................................................................................... |
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2 Functions and Features................................................................................................................. |
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2.1 |
Integration..................................................................................................................................................................... |
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2.2 TDD.............................................................................................................................................................................. |
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2.3 |
Automatic Frequency Selection.................................................................................................................................... |
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2.4 |
Adaptive Modulation.................................................................................................................................................... |
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2.5 |
Power over Ethernet..................................................................................................................................................... |
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2.6 |
Ethernet Service Processing Capability........................................................................................................................ |
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2.7 QoS............................................................................................................................................................................... |
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2.8 |
Clock Features.............................................................................................................................................................. |
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2.9 |
Network Management.................................................................................................................................................. |
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2.10 Rapid Deployment...................................................................................................................................................... |
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2.11 Easy Maintenance....................................................................................................................................................... |
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2.11.1 Contact-Free Maintenance....................................................................................................................................... |
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2.11.2 Equipment-Level OAM........................................................................................................................................... |
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2.11.3 Packet OAM (TP-Assist)......................................................................................................................................... |
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2.12 Security Management................................................................................................................................................. |
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2.13 Energy Saving............................................................................................................................................................. |
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2.14 Environmental Protection........................................................................................................................................... |
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3 Product Structure......................................................................................................................... |
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3.1 |
System Architecture..................................................................................................................................................... |
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3.2 |
Service Signal Processing Flow................................................................................................................................... |
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3.3 |
Ports.............................................................................................................................................................................. |
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3.4 |
Indicators...................................................................................................................................................................... |
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3.5 |
Labels............................................................................................................................................................................ |
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Product Description |
Contents |
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4 Network Management System.................................................................................................. |
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4.1 |
Network Management Solutions.................................................................................................................................. |
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4.2 Web LCT...................................................................................................................................................................... |
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4.3 Mobile LCT.................................................................................................................................................................. |
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4.4 |
U2000-T........................................................................................................................................................................ |
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4.5 U2000-M...................................................................................................................................................................... |
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5 Technical Specifications............................................................................................................. |
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5.1 |
Ethernet Service Specifications.................................................................................................................................... |
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5.2 |
RF Performance............................................................................................................................................................ |
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5.3 |
Antenna Performance................................................................................................................................................... |
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5.4 |
Predicted Reliability..................................................................................................................................................... |
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5.5 |
Integrated System Performance.................................................................................................................................... |
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6 Accessories.................................................................................................................................... |
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6.1 |
Power Injector............................................................................................................................................................... |
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6.2 |
USB Flash Drives......................................................................................................................................................... |
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6.3 |
Wi-Fi Module............................................................................................................................................................... |
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7 Cables............................................................................................................................................. |
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7.1 |
Outdoor Network Cables.............................................................................................................................................. |
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7.2 |
Outdoor Optical Fiber................................................................................................................................................... |
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7.3 |
RSSI Cables.................................................................................................................................................................. |
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7.4 RTN 360 PGND Cables................................................................................................................................................ |
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A Appendix...................................................................................................................................... |
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A.1 Port Loopbacks............................................................................................................................................................ |
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A.2 Component Photos....................................................................................................................................................... |
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A.3 Compliance Standards................................................................................................................................................. |
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A.3.1 ITU-R Standards....................................................................................................................................................... |
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A.3.2 ITU-T Standards....................................................................................................................................................... |
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A.3.3 ETSI Standards......................................................................................................................................................... |
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A.3.4 CEPT Standards........................................................................................................................................................ |
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A.3.5 IEC Standards........................................................................................................................................................... |
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A.3.6 IETF Standards......................................................................................................................................................... |
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A.3.7 IEEE Standards......................................................................................................................................................... |
79 |
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A.3.8 Other Standards........................................................................................................................................................ |
80 |
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OptiX RTN 360 Radio Transmission System |
1 Product Introduction |
Product Description |
1Product Introduction
About This Chapter
The OptiX RTN 360 radio transmission system (RTN 360 for short) is a full-outdoor radio transmission product that operates at the V-band (a frequency band ranging from 59 GHz to 64 GHz).
1.1 Network Application
RTN 360 is tailored for service backhaul for small cell base stations that are deployed on buildings or at the street level. RTN 360 plays an important role in the Huawei radio backhaul solution for small cell base stations.
1.2 Product Specifications
RTN 360's specifications meet the requirements of service backhaul for small cell base stations. In addition, RTN 360 features excellent immunity to interference, and is easy to install and maintain.
1.3 Site Configurations
RTN 360s are usually powered by power injector (PI) or other standard power sourcing equipment (PSE). RTN 360s can form sites providing one-direction, two-direction, or multidirection microwave links.
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OptiX RTN 360 Radio Transmission System |
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RTN 360 is tailored for service backhaul for small cell base stations that are deployed on buildings or at the street level. RTN 360 plays an important role in the Huawei radio backhaul solution for small cell base stations.
As V-band full-outdoor radio equipment, RTN 360 has the following characteristics:
•RTN 360 operates at the frequency band ranging from 59 GH to 64 GHz. It requires unobstructed line of sight (LOS) and features low inter-site interference and rich idle frequency spectrum resources. A V-band link can span a maximum distance of 300 m, meeting the requirements of service backhaul for small cell base stations. RTN 360 can provide large-capacity microwave links for small cell base stations densely deployed in downtown areas.
•RTN 360 is a highly integrated full-outdoor radio transmission product. Its antenna, RF unit, and baseband unit are integrated into an outdoor unit that supports zero-footprint installation, providing carriers with cost-effective full-outdoor radio solutions.
RTN 360 provides backhaul links for small cell base stations on buildings or at the street level in downtown areas. See Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-1 RTN 360 backhaul link solution for small cell base stations
V-Band |
V-Band |
V-Band |
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V-Band |
V-Band |
Band-V
V-Band |
V-Band |
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V-Band |
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Macro cell |
RTN 360 |
Small cell |
RTN 360 can work with the small cell site gateway (SCSG) to provide a microwave channel solution for transparent transmission for small cells on the IP RAN. See Figure 1-2.
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Product Description |
Figure 1-2 RTN 360 working with the SCSG
RTN 360's specifications meet the requirements of service backhaul for small cell base stations. In addition, RTN 360 features excellent immunity to interference, and is easy to install and maintain.
Table 1-1 Product Specifications
Product Specifications
Appearance
Dimensions (H x |
192.5 mm x 192.5 mm x 70 mm/2.5 kg |
W x D)/Weight |
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Antenna |
Built-in panel antenna |
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Operating |
59 GHz to 64 GHz |
frequency band |
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Duplex mode |
TDD |
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Product Description |
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Product Specifications |
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Radio working |
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Modulation scheme: QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM |
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mode (modulation |
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Channel spacing: 200 MHz |
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scheme/channel |
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spacing) |
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AM |
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Supported |
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Air-interface |
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≥ 800 Mbit/s |
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throughput |
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Maximum |
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300 m |
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transmission |
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distance |
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Service port |
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Two GE electrical service ports |
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RF configuration |
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1+0 configuration |
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mode |
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Power supply |
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Power over Ethernet (PoE), supplied by the AC power injector (PI), |
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mode |
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DC power injector (PI), and other standard power sourcing |
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equipment (PSE) |
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Basic Ethernet |
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• E-Line/E-LAN |
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features |
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• QinQ |
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• QoS |
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• HQoS |
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• Synchronous Ethernet |
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RTN 360s are usually powered by power injector (PI) or other standard power sourcing equipment (PSE). RTN 360s can form sites providing one-direction, two-direction, or multidirection microwave links.
If a small cell base station is located at the end of a transmission link, an RTN 360 is required to provide a 1+0 unprotected microwave link. The RTN 360 receives power signals and service signals from power infector (PI).
Figure 1-3 illustrates configurations of a site providing a one-direction microwave link.
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Figure 1-3 Site providing a one-direction microwave link
RTN 360
From a |
Power |
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remote |
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Injector |
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RTN 360 |
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P&E
GE
P&E
To Small
cell
Down link Service
NOTE
If a small cell base station can serve as standard PSE, RTN 360s can directly receive power signals and service signals from the small cell base station.
If a small cell base station is an intermediate node on a transmission link, two RTN 360s are required to provide two 1+0 unprotected microwave links in different directions. RTN 360s receive power signals and service signals from the Dock of the small cell base station.
Figure 1-4 illustrates configurations of a site providing two microwave links in different directions.
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Figure 1-4 Site providing two microwave links in different directions
RTN 360 RTN 360
From a remote
RTN 360
LAN Switch
P&E |
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Power |
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Injector |
GE1 |
P&E2 |
P&E1 |
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To Small cell
Down link Service
To a remote RTN 360
A site providing two-direction microwave links can work together with RTN B20 PIs to receive service signals from small cell base stations and power signals. Two RTN 360s are cascaded through GE(e) ports for service aggregation.
If a macro base station connects to multiple small cell base stations in a star topology, in addition to multiple RTN 360s, an OptiX RTN 900 (IDU) (for example, an IDU 950A) or other power sourcing equipment (PSE) is required. The IDU supplies power to the RTN 360s through a PoE board (for example, an EG4P board) and aggregates services.
Figure 1-5 illustrates configurations of a site providing multi-direction microwave links.
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Figure 1-5 Site providing multi-direction microwave links
To a remote |
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To a remote |
RTN 360 |
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To a remote |
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RTN 360 |
RTN 360 |
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P&E |
P&E |
P&E |
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CSHO |
ISV3 |
ISV3 |
IDU 950A |
EG4P |
EG4P |
From EPC
Downlink service
NOTE
In addition to RTN 360s, the OptiX RTN 900 IDU may connect to FOs or ODUs operating at other frequency bands to implement backhaul.
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OptiX RTN 360 Radio Transmission System |
2 Functions and Features |
Product Description |
2Functions and Features
About This Chapter
RTN 360 provides a variety of functions and features.
2.1 Integration
RTN 360 integrates a built-in antenna and uses a wide frequency band design, which allows a single chassis to cover the entire V-band.
2.2 TDD
Time division duplex (TDD) has unique advantages over frequency division duplex (FDD) in asymmetric transmission and high frequency spectrum resource utilization.
2.3 Automatic Frequency Selection
RTN 360 supports automatic frequency selection, which enables it to automatically select an interference-free channel as the working channel.
2.4 Adaptive Modulation
Adaptive modulation (AM) technology automatically adjusts the modulation scheme based on channel quality.
2.5 Power over Ethernet
The RTN 360 provides a P&E port through which the RTN 360 supports power over Ethernet (PoE) as a powered device (PD).
2.6Ethernet Service Processing Capability RTN 360 can process native Ethernet services.
2.7QoS
RTN 360 supports quality of service (QoS) functions, including traffic classification, traffic policing, congestion avoidance, queue scheduling, and traffic shaping.
2.8 Clock Features
RTN 360's clock features meet clock transmission requirements of mobile communications networks and offer a wide selection of clock protection mechanisms.
2.9 Network Management
RTN 360 supports multiple network management modes and provides comprehensive management information exchange solutions.
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2.10 Rapid Deployment
A variety of technologies are used to simplify RTN 360 installation so that wireless installation personnel can deploy an RTN 360 within 30 minutes.
2.11 Easy Maintenance
RTN 360 supports contact-free maintenance, powerful equipment-level OAM functions, and end-to-end TP-Assist.
2.12 Security Management
RTN 360 works with its network management system (NMS) to prevent unauthorized logins and operations, ensuring equipment management security.
2.13 Energy Saving
RTN 360 consumes less energy by using:
2.14 Environmental Protection
RTN 360 is designed to meet environmental protection requirements. The product complies with restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS) directives.
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Product Description |
RTN 360 integrates a built-in antenna and uses a wide frequency band design, which allows a single chassis to cover the entire V-band.
Built-in Antenna
RTN 360 integrates its system control unit, clock unit, power unit, baseband unit, RF unit, and antenna into a single chassis. See Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Integrated chassis with a built-in antenna
Baseband
board Panel antenna
Such a highly integrated design facilitates quick and flexible installation of RTN 360s in fulloutdoor scenarios.
Wide Frequency Band
RTN 360 uses a wide frequency band design, which enables a single chassis to cover the entire V-band from 59 GHz to 64 GHz. This eliminates the need to distinguish TX high and low sites, which means that spare parts need to be prepared for only one equipment model.
Both RTN 360 and Huawei small cell base stations can be installed on walls and poles. They are similar in appearance and look harmonious when installed together.
2.2 TDD
Time division duplex (TDD) has unique advantages over frequency division duplex (FDD) in asymmetric transmission and high frequency spectrum resource utilization.
In FDD mode, symmetric frequencies are required to function as the uplink and downlink channels. The V-band is license-free in most areas and may be used by multiple users, and it is difficult to obtain interference-free symmetric frequencies. Therefore, RTN 360 uses TDD mode.
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Product Description |
In TDD mode, asymmetric frequencies are used. Uplink and downlink data is transmitted in different time periods. The ratio of timeslots for uplink data to those for downlink data can be configured based on service requirements, flexibly using frequency resources.
Figure 2-2 Comparison between FDD and TDD modes
t0 |
t1 |
f1 |
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FDD |
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f2 |
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t0 |
t1 |
TDD |
f1 or f2 |
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Downlink |
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Uplink |
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data |
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data |
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Using TDD mode, RTN 360 has the following advantages:
•One RTN 360 can cover the operating frequency band (59 GHz to 64 GHz), eliminating the need to distinguish TX high and low sites.
•Timeslots for uplink and downlink data can be flexibly adjusted based on actual traffic. The ratio of timeslots for uplink data to those for downlink data can be configured to 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, or 1:5.
RTN 360 supports automatic frequency selection, which enables it to automatically select an interference-free channel as the working channel.
RTN 360 scans frequencies within a specified range to select interference-free channels. See
Figure 2-3.
Automatic frequency selection applies to the following two scenarios:
•During commissioning in site deployment, this function is used to obtain interferencefree channels, releasing engineers from planning microwave link frequencies.
•For an in-service RTN 360, this function is used to reselect and switch to an interferencefree channel if the current microwave link is interrupted or fails due to interference on the working channel, improving microwave links' immunity to interference.
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Product Description |
Figure 2-3 Automatic frequency selection diagram
Interference signal strength
Interference signal threshold
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f0 |
V-Band |
V-Band |
f0 f1 f2 f3
f0 interference signal |
Automatically |
becoming stronger |
selecting f2 |
Interference signal threshold
f0 f1 f2 f3
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f2 |
V-Band |
V-Band |
Band-V
RTN 360
Small cell base station
Adaptive modulation (AM) technology automatically adjusts the modulation scheme based on channel quality.
Modulation Scheme and Air-interface Capacity
When AM technology is enabled and the same channel spacing is used, the available radio service bandwidth varies according to the modulation scheme: the higher the modulation efficiency, the higher the bandwidth of the transmitted services.
•When channel conditions are favorable (such as on sunny days), the equipment uses a higher-order modulation scheme to transmit more user services. This improves transmission efficiency and spectrum utilization of the system.
•When channel conditions are unfavorable (such as on stormy or foggy days), the equipment uses a lower-order modulation scheme to ensure that higher-priority services are transmitted first. If some lower-priority queues become congested due to a lack of available bandwidth, some or all interfaces in these queues are discarded. This method improves the anti-interference capabilities of a microwave link and ensures link availability for high-priority services.
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Product Description |
Modulation Scheme Shift and Service Priorities
For Ethernet services transmitted through IP microwave, priorities can be set based on the service bandwidth and QoS policies corresponding to the current modulation scheme, to control service transmission. The transmission of services with the highest priority is ensured.
With the QoS technology, ethernet services are scheduled to queues with different priorities. The services in different queues are transmitted to the microwave port after running the queue scheduling algorithm. When modulation scheme switching occurs, certain queues may be congested due to insufficient capacity at the air interface. As a result, certain services or all the services in these queues are discarded.
Adaptive Modulation
Figure 2-4 shows how the modulation scheme shifts step by step according to weather changes and how modulation schemes affect service throughput and reliability. In this example, the modulation scheme of guaranteed AM capacity is QPSK and the modulation scheme of full AM capacity is 32QAM.
Figure 2-4 Adaptive modulation
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32QAM |
16QAM |
QPSK |
16QAM |
32QAM |
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Receive Signal |
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32 QAM |
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99.99% |
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Low-priority |
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Low-priority |
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16 QAM |
service |
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service |
99.995% |
QPSK |
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99.999% |
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High-priority service |
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2 Functions and Features |
Product Description |
Characteristics
The AM technology used by RTN 360 has the following characteristics:
•Supports the QPSK, 16QAM, and 32QAM modulation schemes.
•Can configure both the lowest-order modulation scheme (also called reference scheme or modulation scheme of guaranteed AM capacity) and the highest-order modulation scheme (also called nominal scheme or modulation scheme of full AM capacity).
•Can switch modulation schemes without changing the transmit frequency, receive frequency, or channel spacing.
•Switches modulation schemes step-by-step.
•Features hitless switching. When the modulation scheme is downshifted, high-priority services are not affected while low-priority services are discarded. Switching is successful even when 100 dB/s channel fast fading occurs.
The RTN 360 provides a P&E port through which the RTN 360 supports power over Ethernet (PoE) as a powered device (PD).
In PoE mode, an outdoor network cable carries Ethernet service signals along with DC power signals. PoE has the following advantages:
•Reduces the number of power cables and simplifies installation.
An RTN 360 can work with a power injector (PI) to implement power over Ethernet through its P&E port. See Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-5 Working with a PI
P&E port
P&E port
Power Injecting injector
Power GE signal signal
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Product Description |
An RTN 360 can also work with other power sourcing equipment (PSE), such as an RTN 900 IDU, to implement power over Ethernet through its P&E port. For example, when an OptiX RTN 905 2E IDU is used, it provides two PoE ports, as shown in Figure 2-6.
Figure 2-6 Working with an OptiX RTN 900
P&E port |
P&E port |
GE and -48V signal
GE1/P1 GE2/P2
RTN 905 2E
RTN 360 can process native Ethernet services.
Table 2-1 Ethernet service processing capability
Item |
Description |
|
|
Service ports |
Two GE service ports |
|
• The first GE port is a P&E port. |
|
• The second GE port is a fixed electrical port. |
|
|
Port attributes |
The GE electrical port supports 10M full- |
|
duplex, 100M full-duplex, 1000M full-duplex, |
|
and auto-negotiation. |
|
|
Ethernet service types |
• E-Line |
|
• E-LAN |
|
|
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Product Description |
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|
|
|
|
Item |
Description |
|
|
|
|
Range of maximum frame length |
1518 bytes to 9600 bytes |
|
|
|
|
VLAN |
• Adds, deletes, and swaps VLAN tags that |
|
|
comply with IEEE 802.1Q/P, and forwards |
|
|
packets based on VLAN tags. |
|
|
• Processes packets based on the port tag |
|
|
attribute (Tag/Hybrid/Access). |
|
|
• The VLAN ID ranges from 1 to 4094. |
|
|
|
|
QinQ |
• Adds, deletes, and swaps S-TAG tags, and |
|
|
forwards packets based on S-VLAN tags. |
|
|
• The S-VLAN ID ranges from 1 to 4094. |
|
|
• The QinQ type domain is configurable. The |
|
|
default value is 88A8. |
|
|
|
|
MAC address management |
• Supports MAC address self-learning for E- |
|
|
LAN services in two learning modes: SVL |
|
|
and IVL. |
|
|
• Filters blacklisted MAC addresses. |
|
|
• Sets static MAC address entries. |
|
|
• Supports a MAC address table with a |
|
|
maximum of 16K capacity (including static |
|
|
and blacklist entries). |
|
|
|
|
Link-state pass through (LPT) |
Supports simple LPT. When a microwave link is |
|
|
faulty, the related RTN 360 automatically |
|
|
disables the remote Ethernet port that is |
|
|
connected to a user-to-network interface (UNI) |
|
|
device. |
|
|
|
|
QoS/HQoS |
Supports QoS and HQoS. For details, see 2.7 |
|
|
QoS. |
|
|
|
|
Traffic control |
Supports IEEE 802.3x-compliant traffic control. |
|
|
|
|
ETH OAM |
• Supports IEEE 802.1agand IEEE 802.3ah- |
|
|
compliant ETH OAM. |
|
|
• Supports ITU-T Y.1731-compliant packet |
|
|
loss measurement, delay measurement, and |
|
|
delay variation measurement. |
|
|
|
|
Ethernet performance monitoring |
• Supports IETF RFC 2819-compliant remote |
|
|
network monitoring (RMON). |
|
|
• Supports measurement of real-time and |
|
|
historical traffic, bandwidth utilization, and |
|
|
packet loss for ports. |
|
|
|
|
Synchronous Ethernet |
Supported |
|
|
|
|
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) |
Supported |
|
|
|
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Product Description |
NOTE
•RTN 360 supports a maximum of 64 E-Line services. The supported E-Line services fall into the following types:
• Port-based E-Line services
• Port+VLAN-based E-Line services • Port+QinQ-based E-Line services
•RTN 360 supports only one E-LAN service. The supported E-LAN services fall into the following types: • IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN services
• IEEE 802.1Q bridge-based E-LAN services • IEEE 802.1ad bridge-based E-LAN services
2.7 QoS
RTN 360 supports quality of service (QoS) functions, including traffic classification, traffic policing, congestion avoidance, queue scheduling, and traffic shaping.
QoS provides different levels of service quality in certain aspects of services as required, such as bandwidth, delay, jitter, and packet loss ratio. This ensures that the request and response of a user or application reaches an expected quality level.
QoS Functions
Table 2-2 QoS functions
Function |
Description |
|
|
Simple traffic classification (DiffServ) |
• Supports one DiffServ (DS) domain. |
|
• Maps Ethernet services into different per-hop |
|
behaviors (PHBs) based on C-VLAN |
|
priorities, S-VLAN priorities, IP |
|
differentiated services code point (DSCP) |
|
values, or MPLS experimental bits (EXP) |
|
values. |
|
|
Complex traffic classification |
Supports traffic classification by MAC address, |
|
VLAN ID, VLAN priority, IP address, DSCP |
|
value, protocol type, port ID, or Internet Control |
|
Message Protocol (ICMP) type at ports. |
|
|
ACL |
Supports ACL based on complex traffic |
|
classification. |
|
|
Traffic policing |
Supports committed access rate (CAR) based on |
|
complex traffic classification at ports and |
|
supports the setting of the committed |
|
information rate (CIR), peak information rate |
|
(PIR), committed burst size (CBS), and peak |
|
burst size (PBS). |
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Function |
Description |
|
|
|
|
Congestion avoidance |
• Supports tail drop at both microwave ports |
|
|
and Ethernet ports. |
|
|
• Supports weighted random early detection |
|
|
(WRED) at both microwave ports and |
|
|
Ethernet ports. |
|
|
|
|
Queue scheduling |
• Supports eight levels of priority scheduling |
|
|
at both Ethernet ports and microwave ports. |
|
|
• Flexibly sets the queue scheduling scheme |
|
|
for each Ethernet port and microwave port. |
|
|
The queue scheduling schemes include strict |
|
|
priority (SP), weighted round robin (WRR), |
|
|
and SP+WRR. |
|
|
|
|
Traffic shaping |
• Supports traffic shaping for egress queues |
|
|
and egress ports. |
|
|
• Supports the setting of PIR in increments of |
|
|
64 kbit/s and the setting of PBS. |
|
|
|
|
HQoS |
• For QinQ NNI ports, supports two levels of |
|
|
queue scheduling for QinQ queues and |
|
|
egress queues, and supports four levels of |
|
|
rate limiting for QinQ queues, QinQ, egress |
|
|
queues, and egress ports. |
|
|
• For UNI ports, supports three levels of queue |
|
|
scheduling for V-UNI egress queues, V-UNI |
|
|
egress groups, and egress queues, and |
|
|
supports five levels of rate limiting for V- |
|
|
UNI egress queues, V-UNI egress, VUNI |
|
|
egress groups, egress queues, and egress |
|
|
ports. |
|
|
|
Figure 2-7 Typical QoS application
Simple traffic classification
DiffServ
Mapping
CoS x
...
CoS z
|
|
Packet switching |
|
|
Ingress |
|
Egress |
|
|
Congestion |
Queue traffic |
|
|
avoidance |
shaping |
|
|
|
Buffer queue |
Complex traffic |
Traffic |
Threshold |
|
|
...... |
||
classification |
monitoring |
|
|
Flow |
|
|
...... |
|
|
Forwarding |
|
|
|
|
... |
|
|
|
...... |
Token |
...... |
bucket |
|
CAR |
... |
|
... |
|
...... |
... |
Drop |
... |
|
|
... |
|
|
...... |
|
Queue scheduling |
|
|
Port shaping |
Scheduling |
Token |
|
|
|
bucket |
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Product Description |
Figure 2-8 Typical HQoS application
HQoS |
Ingress port |
V-UNI |
V-UNI group |
||
application point |
|||||
|
|
|
|
||
HQoS |
Apply the |
Apply the |
Apply the V- |
Limit the |
|
bandwidth |
|||||
configuration |
UNI egress |
||||
DS domain |
port policy |
for the V- |
|||
|
policy |
||||
|
|
|
UNI group |
||
|
|
|
|
Egress port
Apply the DS |
|
|
Apply the port |
domain |
|
|
policy |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACL |
Queue |
|
HQoS |
|
scheduling |
|
|
|
|
Congestion |
|
|
technologies |
|
CAR |
|
|
|
Avoidance |
|
||
|
DS mapping |
|
||
|
|
Traffic |
Traffic |
|
|
in the ingress |
CoS |
||
|
shaping |
shaping |
||
Ethernet |
direction |
|
||
|
CS7 |
|
||
|
|
|
||
packets of |
|
|
CS6 |
|
user A |
Simple |
Complex |
EF |
|
|
traffic |
traffic |
AF4 |
V-UNI |
|
AF3 |
|||
|
classification |
classification |
|
|
|
AF2 |
|
||
|
|
|
AF1 |
|
|
|
|
BE |
|
Ethernet |
|
|
CS7 |
|
packets of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CS6 |
|
|
user B |
Simple |
Complex |
EF |
|
|
traffic |
traffic |
AF4 |
V-UNI |
|
classification |
classification |
AF3 |
|
|
|
|
AF2 |
|
|
|
|
AF1 |
|
|
|
|
BE |
|
Ethernet |
|
|
CS7 |
|
packets of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CS6 |
|
|
user C |
Simple |
Complex |
EF |
|
|
traffic |
traffic |
AF4 |
V-UNI |
|
classification |
classification |
AF3 |
|
|
|
|
AF2 |
|
|
|
|
AF1 |
|
|
|
|
BE |
|
Traffic |
shaping |
V-UNI |
group |
V-UNI |
group |
DS mapping |
Queue |
in the egress |
scheduling |
direction |
Congestion |
|
Avoidance |
|
Traffic |
|
shaping |
Port
CS7 |
Ethernet |
CS6 |
|
EF |
packets |
AF4 |
AF3 |
AF2 |
AF1 |
BE |
RTN 360's clock features meet clock transmission requirements of mobile communications networks and offer a wide selection of clock protection mechanisms.
Item |
Description |
|
|
Clock working mode |
• Tracing |
|
• Holdover |
|
• Free-run |
|
|
Clock source |
• Microwave link clock |
|
• Synchronous Ethernet clock |
|
NOTE |
|
When two RTN 360s form a hop of microwave |
|
link, one is the master NE tracing the Synchronous |
|
Ethernet clock, and the other is the slave NE |
|
tracing the microwave link clock. |
|
|
Synchronization Status Message (SSM) |
Supported. SSM information can be |
protocol or extended SSM protocol |
transmitted in the following modes: |
|
• Microwave link |
|
• Synchronous Ethernet |
|
|
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Product Description |
RTN 360 supports multiple network management modes and provides comprehensive management information exchange solutions.
Network Management Modes
RTN 360 supports the following network management modes:
•Uses the iManager U2000 Web LCT to manage local and remote NEs on a per-NE basis.
•Uses the Mobile LCT to manage local NEs on a per-NE basis through Wi-Fi.
•Uses the iManager U2000-T to manage Huawei OptiX RTN NEs and Huawei optical transmission products in a unified manner. The iManager U2000-T is also able to manage transport networks in a unified manner.
•Uses the iManager U2000-M, which manages Huawei mobile communications network products in a unified manner, to manage RTN 360 using its NE Explore.
•Uses SNMP Get to query alarms, performance events, and RMON performance.
Network Management Information Exchange Solutions
Table 2-3 DCN information exchange solutions
Item |
|
|
|
Specifications |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DCN channel |
Data |
|
Three Huawei-defined DCC bytes in a microwave |
||
|
communicatio |
frame |
|||
|
ns channel |
|
|||
|
(DCC) bytes |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Network |
|
One NMS port |
||
|
management |
|
|||
|
system (NMS) |
|
|||
|
port |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In- |
|
Micr |
All in-band DCN channels are marked by one |
|
|
band |
|
owav |
VLAN ID. The bandwidth of an in-band DCN |
|
|
DCN |
|
e link |
channel is configurable. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GE |
All in-band DCN channels are marked by one |
|
|
|
|
port |
VLAN ID. The bandwidth of an in-band DCN |
|
|
|
|
|
channel is configurable. |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Network |
HWECC |
Supported |
|||
management |
protocol |
|
|
||
protocol |
|
|
|
|
|
IP protocol |
Supported |
||||
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
||
|
L2DCN |
|
Supported |
||
|
|
|
|
|
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Product Description |
A variety of technologies are used to simplify RTN 360 installation so that wireless installation personnel can deploy an RTN 360 within 30 minutes.
So that it can be deployed rapidly, RTN 360:
•Uses TDD mode, in which signals are transmitted and received over the same frequency, eliminating the need to distinguish TX high and low sites and requiring spare parts for only one equipment model.
•Supports automatic frequency selection, simplifying microwave link frequency planning.
•Integrates panel antennas, simplifying installation.
•Uses an alignment scope to facilitate antenna alignment, improving installation efficiency.
Figure 2-9 Aligning antennas using an alignment scope
•Supports power over Ethernet. RTN 360 can work with power injector (PI), or other power sourcing equipment (PSE) to receive service signals and power signals, facilitating deployment.
•Supports configuration-free commissioning using a USB flash drive.
•Manages NEs on a per-NE basis using a Wi-Fi module.
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