HT instruments HT8100 User Manual
ENGLISH
User Manual
Copyright HT ITALIA 2013 Release EN 1.05 - 08/07/2013
HT8100
Table of contents:
1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES ............................................................... 2
1.1. Preliminary instructions ..................................................................................................... 2
1.2. During use ......................................................................................................................... 3
1.3. After use ............................................................................................................................ 3
1.4. Definition of measurement (overvoltage) category ............................................................ 3
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................... 4
2.1. Measuring average values and TRMS values ................................................................... 4
2.2. Definition of true root mean square value and crest factor ................................................ 4
3. PREPARATION FOR USE ........................................................................................... 5
3.1. Initial checks ...................................................................................................................... 5
3.2. Instrument power supply ................................................................................................... 5
3.3. Calibration ......................................................................................................................... 5
3.4. Storage .............................................................................................................................. 5
4. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ..................................................................................... 6
4.1. Instrument description ....................................................................................................... 6
4.2. Description of function keys .............................................................................................. 7
4.2.1. A-HOLD and REL keys .................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.2. ENTER and CANCEL keys ................................................................................................................ 7
4.2.3. HFR and Hz keys ............................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.4. RANGE and MODE keys ................................................................................................................... 7
4.3. Internal modes of the instrument ....................................................................................... 8
4.3.1. MIN/MAX/AVG measurement ............................................................................................................ 8
4.3.2. AutoTest and Manual Test mode ....................................................................................................... 8
4.3.3. AC+DC mode ..................................................................................................................................... 8
4.3.4. HFR mode ......................................................................................................................................... 8
4.3.5. STORE and RECALL modes ............................................................................................................. 9
4.3.6. Activation/deactivation of the internal functions ................................................................................. 9
4.3.7. Output DC current generation .......................................................................................................... 10
4.3.8. Loop Power and HART 250 modes .............................................................................................. 10
4.4. Measuring operations ...................................................................................................... 11
4.4.1. DC Voltage measurement ............................................................................................................... 11
4.4.2. AC Voltage and Frequency measurement ....................................................................................... 12
4.4.3. DC Current measurement ................................................................................................................ 13
4.4.4. AC Current and Frequency measurement ....................................................................................... 14
4.4.5. Resistance measurement and Continuity test ................................................................................. 15
4.4.6. Diode test ......................................................................................................................................... 16
4.4.7. DC current generation ..................................................................................................................... 17
4.4.8. Simulation of a transducer ............................................................................................................... 18
4.4.9. Measuring output DC current from external transducers (Loop) ..................................................... 19
5. MAINTENANCE ......................................................................................................... 20
5.1. Replacing the batteries and the internal fuses ................................................................ 20
5.2. Cleaning the instrument .................................................................................................. 20
5.3. End of life ........................................................................................................................ 20
6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................ 21
6.1. Technical characteristics ................................................................................................. 21
6.1.1. Electrical characteristics .................................................................................................................. 23
6.1.2. Considered standards ...................................................................................................................... 23
6.1.3. General characteristics .................................................................................................................... 23
6.2. Environment .................................................................................................................... 24
6.2.1. Environmental conditions for use ..................................................................................................... 24
6.3. Accessories ..................................................................................................................... 24
6.3.1. Accessories provided ....................................................................................................................... 24
7. SERVICE .................................................................................................................... 25
7.1. Warranty conditions ......................................................................................................... 25
7.2. Service ............................................................................................................................ 25
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HT8100
1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES
The instrument has been designed in compliance with directive IEC/EN61010-1 relevant to
electronic measuring instruments. For your safety and in order to prevent damaging the
instrument, please carefully follow the procedures described in this manual and read all
notes preceded by the symbol with the utmost attention. Before and after carrying out
the measurements, carefully observe the following instructions:
Do not carry out any measurement in humid environments
Do not carry out any measurements in case gas, explosive materials or flammables are
present, or in dusty environments
Avoid contact with the circuit being measured if no measurements are being carried out
Avoid contact with exposed metal parts, with unused measuring probes, circuits, etc.
Do not carry out any measurement in case you find anomalies such as deformation,
breaks, substance leaks, absence of display on the screen, etc.
Pay special attention when measuring voltages higher than 20V, since a risk of
electrical shock exists
The following symbols are used in this manual:
Warning: observe the instructions given in this manual; an improper use could
damage the instrument or its components
Presence of dangerous voltage ( 30V): electrical shock hazard
Double-insulated meter
AC voltage or current
DC voltage or current
Connection to earth
1.1. PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS
This instrument has been designed for use in environments of pollution degree 2.
It can be used for VOLTAGE and CURRENT measurements on installations with CAT
III 1000V and CAT IV 600V.
Follow the normal safety rules devised to protect the user against dangerous currents
and the instrument against incorrect use
We recommend following the normal safety rules devised by the procedures for
carrying out operations on live systems and using the prescribed PPE to protect the
user against dangerous currents and the instrument against incorrect use
In case the lack of warning against the presence of voltage may constitute a danger for
the operator always carry out a continuity measurement before carrying out the
measurement of the live system to confirm the correct connection and condition of the
leads
Only the leads supplied with the instrument guarantee compliance with the safety
standards. They must be in good conditions and be replaced with identical models,
when necessary.
Do not test circuits exceeding the specified voltage limits.
Do not perform any test under environmental conditions exceeding the limits indicated
in § 6.2.1.
Check that the batteries are correctly inserted.
Make sure that the LCD display and the switch indicate the same function.
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HT8100
1.2. DURING USE
Please carefully read the following recommendations and instructions:
CAUTION
Failure to comply with the Caution notes and/or Instructions may damage
the instrument and/or its components or be a source of danger for the
operator.
Before activating the rotary switch, disconnect the test leads from the circuit under test.
When the instrument is connected to the circuit under test, do not touch any unused
terminal.
Avoid measuring resistance if external voltages are present. Even if the instrument is
protected, excessive voltage could cause a malfunction of the instrument.
While measuring, if the value or the sign of the quantity being measured remain
unchanged, check if the HOLD function is enabled.
1.3. AFTER USE
When measurement is complete, set the rotary switch to OFF to turn off the instrument.
If the instrument is not to be used for a long time, remove the batteries.
1.4. DEFINITION OF MEASUREMENT (OVERVOLTAGE) CATEGORY
Standard “CEI 61010-1: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement,
control and laboratory use, Part 1: General requirements” defines what measurement
category, commonly called overvoltage category, is. § 6.7.4: Measured circuits, reads:
(OMISSIS)
Circuits are divided into the following measurement categories:
Measurement category IV is for measurements performed at the source of the low-
voltage installation.
Examples are electricity meters and measurements on primary overcurrent protection
devices and ripple control units.
Measurement category III is for measurements performed on installations inside
buildings.
Examples are measurements on distribution boards, circuit breakers, wiring, including
cables, bus-bars, junction boxes, switches, socket-outlets in the fixed installation, and
equipment for industrial use and some other equipment, for example, stationary motors
with permanent connection to fixed installation.
Measurement category II is for measurements performed on circuits directly
connected to the low-voltage installation.
Examples are measurements on household appliances, portable tools and similar
equipment.
Measurement category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly
connected to MAINS.
Examples are measurements on circuits not derived from MAINS, and specially
protected (internal) MAINS-derived circuits. In the latter case, transient stresses are
variable; for that reason, the standard requires that the transient withstand capability of
the equipment is made known to the user.
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HT8100
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
HT8100 carries out the following measurements:
DC and AC+DC TRMS voltage
DC and AC+DC TRMS current
Resistance and Continuity test
AC voltage and current frequency
Diode test
Current generation with amplitude up to 24mA DC with display in mA and %
Generation with selectable ramp outputs
Output current measurement from transducers (Loop), HART 250 resistor included
Simulation of an external transducer
Each of these functions can be selected using the 8-position rotary switch, including an
OFF position. The instrument is also equipped with function keys (see § 4.2) and an
analogue graphic bar. The selected quantity appears on the LCD display with the
indication of the measuring unit and of the enabled functions.
The instrument is also equipped with an automatic display backlighting function
(Autobacklight) and with an Auto Power OFF function which automatically switches off the
instrument approx. 20 minutes after the last time a function key was pressed or the rotary
switch was turned. To switch on the instrument again, turn the rotary switch.
2.1. MEASURING AVERAGE VALUES AND TRMS VALUES
Measuring instruments of alternating quantities are divided into two big families:
AVERAGE-VALUE meters: instruments measuring the value of the sole wave at
fundamental frequency (50 or 60 Hz).
TRMS (True Root Mean Square) VALUE meters: instruments measuring the TRMS
value of the quantity being tested.
With a perfectly sinusoidal wave, the two families of instruments provide identical results.
With distorted waves, instead, the readings shall differ. Average-value meters provide the
RMS value of the sole fundamental wave; TRSM meters, instead, provide the RMS value
of the whole wave, including harmonics (within the instrument’s bandwidth). Therefore, by
measuring the same quantity with instruments from both families, the values obtained are
identical only if the wave is perfectly sinusoidal. In case it is distorted, TRMS meters shall
provide higher values than the values read by average-value meters.
2.2. DEFINITION OF TRUE ROOT MEAN SQUARE VALUE AND CREST FACTOR
The root mean square value of current is defined as follows: “In a time equal to a period,
an alternating current with a root mean square value with an intensity of 1A, circulating on
a resistor, dissipates the same energy that, during the same time, would have been
dissipated by a direct current with an intensity of 1A”. This definition results in the numeric
expression:
Tt
0
1
G=
T
The Crest Factor is defined as the relationship between the Peak Value of a signal and its
RMS value: CF (G)=
2
dttg
)(
t
0
The root mean square value is indicated with the acronym RMS.
G
p
This value changes with the signal waveform, for a purely
G
RMS
sinusoidal wave it is 2=1.41. In case of distortion, the Crest Factor takes higher values
as wave distortion increases.
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HT8100
3. PREPARATION FOR USE
3.1. INITIAL CHECKS
Before shipping, the instrument has been checked from an electric as well as mechanical
point of view.
All possible precautions have been taken so that the instrument is delivered undamaged.
However, we recommend generally checking the instrument in order to detect possible
damage suffered during transport. In case anomalies are found, immediately contact the
forwarding agent.
We also recommend checking that the packaging contains all components indicated in
§ 6.3.1. In case of discrepancy, please contact the Dealer.
In case the instrument should be returned, please follow the instructions given in § 7.
3.2. INSTRUMENT POWER SUPPLY
The instrument is supplied with four 1.5V AA IEC LR6 alkaline batteries, included in the
package.
In order to prevent battery discharge, batteries have not been inserted in the instrument.
For battery installation, follow the instructions given in § 5.1
When batteries are flat, the symbol “ ” appears on the display. To replace/insert the
batteries, see § 5.1
3.3. CALIBRATION
The instrument has the technical specifications described in this manual. The instrument’s
performance is guaranteed for 12 months.
3.4. STORAGE
In order to guarantee precise measurement, after a long storage time under extreme
environmental conditions, wait for the instrument to come back to normal condition (see
the environmental specifications contained in § 6.2.1 before use).
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HT8100
4. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
4.1. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
CAPTION:
1. Auto Backlight
2. LCD display
3. Function keys
4. MODE key
5. Rotary selector switch
6. Input terminal COM
7. Input terminal mA
8. Input terminal HzV
9. Input terminal A
Fig. 1: Instrument description
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HT8100
4.2. DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTION KEYS
The following § describes the functions of the different keys. When pressing a key, the
display shows the symbol of the activated function and the buzzer sounds.
4.2.1. A-HOLD and REL keys
Pressing the A-HOLD key in any function, except for the current generation function
and diode test function, keeps the value of the measured quantity shown on the
display. The message “HOLD” appears on the display. The Auto HOLD function allows
the instrument to provide a steady result on the display even with variable input signal
(> 50dgt). For readings less than 0.1V (V measure), 1mV (mV measure), no limit (other
measures) the A-HOLD feature is not active. Press the HOLD key again, the MODE
key or turn the rotary switch to exit the function.
Pressing the REL key in any function, except for , , measurements and the
current generation function, allows carrying out the relative measurement of the
quantity to be tested. The symbol “” appears on the display, initially steady. When
pressing the key, the symbol “” flashes and the value of the quantity being tested is
saved as offset for the following measurements. The display shows the relative value,
obtained as: relative value (displayed) = current value – offset. Press and hold the
REL key for more than 1 second, the MODE key, the RANGE key or turn the rotary
switch to exit the function.
4.2.2. ENTER and CANCEL keys
Pressing the ENTER key allows activating a function flashing on the display, selected
by means of the 4-arrow selector located on the front panel of the instrument.
Pressing the CANCEL key allows exiting a function flashing on the display, selected by
means of the 4-arrow selector located on the front panel of the instrument, thus going
back to real time measurement.
4.2.3. HFR and Hz keys
Pressing the HFR key, which can be used in positions V, mV and A, allows
activating AC voltage or current measurement in “HFR” mode (see § 4.3.4). Press the
HFR key or turn the rotary switch to exit the function.
Pressing the Hz key, which can be used in positions V, mV and A, allows
displaying the AC voltage or current frequency measure. The symbol “Hz” is shown on
the display. Press the Hz key, the MODE key or turn the rotary switch to exit the
function.
4.2.4. RANGE and MODE keys
Pressing the RANGE key allows manually s electing the measuring range of functions
V , mV and . The symbol “AUTO RANGE” disappear s from the display and the
cyclic pressure of the key modifies the position of the decimal point on the display.
Press and hold the RANGE key for more than 1 second or turn the rotary switch to exit
the function and restore the symbol “AUTO RANGE” on the display.
The MODE key allows:
Selecting the functions on the rotary switch, highlighted in orange
Quitting sub-functions selected on the instrument
Switching from AutoTest mode to Manual mode (see § 4.3.2).
Disabling the Auto Power OFF function (see § 4.3.6).
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