HT Instruments Gx Series User manual
User manual
Gx Series
Copyright HT ITALIA 2014 Release EN 2.02 - 12/12/2014
Gx Series
Table of contents:
1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES ............................................................... 3
1.1. Preliminary instructions ..................................................................................................... 3
1.2. During use ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.3. After use ............................................................................................................................ 4
1.4. Definition of measurement (overvoltage) category ............................................................ 4
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................... 5
2.1. Foreword ........................................................................................................................... 5
2.2. Instrument functions .......................................................................................................... 6
3. PREPARATION FOR USE ........................................................................................... 7
3.1. Initial checks ...................................................................................................................... 7
3.2. Instrument power supply ................................................................................................... 7
3.3. Calibration ......................................................................................................................... 7
3.4. Storage .............................................................................................................................. 7
4. NOMENCLATURE ........................................................................................................ 8
4.1. Instrument description ....................................................................................................... 8
4.2. Description of measuring leads ......................................................................................... 8
4.3. Keyboard description ......................................................................................................... 9
4.4. Display description ............................................................................................................ 9
4.5. Initial screen ...................................................................................................................... 9
5. GENERAL MENU ....................................................................................................... 10
5.1. Instrument settings .......................................................................................................... 10
5.1.1. Language ............................................................................................................................... 10
5.1.2. Reference country .................................................................................................................. 11
5.1.3. Automatic Power OFF for display and key sound ................................................................. 11
5.1.4. System ................................................................................................................................... 11
5.1.5. Operator name entry .............................................................................................................. 12
5.1.6. System date/time setting ........................................................................................................ 12
5.2. Information ...................................................................................................................... 12
6. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ................................................................................... 13
6.1. LOW: Continuity of protective conductors .................................................................... 13
6.1.1. Anomalous situations ............................................................................................................. 16
6.2. M: Measurement of insulation resistance ..................................................................... 17
6.2.1. Anomalous situations ............................................................................................................. 20
6.3. RCD: Test on differential switches .................................................................................. 21
6.3.1. AUTO mode ........................................................................................................................... 25
6.3.2. x½, x1, x2, x5 modes ............................................................................................................. 26
6.3.3. Mode x1 – Test on RCDs with delay time .............................................................................. 26
6.3.4. Mode ................................................................................................................................. 27
6.3.5. Test on earth leakage relay RCD .......................................................................................... 28
6.3.6. Anomalous situations ............................................................................................................. 29
6.4. LOOP: Line impedance/Loop and overall earth resistance ............................................. 32
6.4.1. Test types ............................................................................................................................... 34
6.4.2. STD Mode – Generic test ...................................................................................................... 35
6.4.3. Mode kA – Verify of breaking capacity of protection device .................................................. 38
6.4.4. Mode I2t – Verify of protection against short-circuit ............................................................... 40
6.4.5. Mode - Verify of protection coordination ..................................................................... 43
6.4.6. Mode - Verify of protection coordination – Norvay country ......................................... 45
6.4.7. Verify of protection against indirect contacts (TN system) .................................................... 47
6.4.8. Verify of protection against indirect contacts (IT systems) .................................................... 49
6.4.9. Verify of protection against indirect contacts (TT systems) ................................................... 50
6.4.10. Impedance measurement by means of the accessory IMP57 .............................................. 52
6.4.11. Anomalous situations ............................................................................................................. 54
6.5. SEQ: Phase sequence and phase concordance test ...................................................... 56
6.5.1. Anomalous situations ............................................................................................................. 59
6.6. LEAKAGE: Leakage current measurement ..................................................................... 60
6.7. EARTH: Measurement of earth resistance ...................................................................... 62
6.7.1. 3-wire or 2-wire earth measurement and 4-wire ground resistivity ....................................... 62
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6.7.2. 3-wire or 2-wire earth measure – USA, Extra Europe and Germany countries .................... 68
6.7.3. Earth measurement with optional clamp T2100 .................................................................... 71
6.7.4. Anomalous situations in 3-wire and 2-wire earth measurements .......................................... 74
6.8. AUX: Measure of ambient parameters through external probes ..................................... 75
6.9. ΔV%: Voltage drop of main lines ..................................................................................... 77
6.9.1. Anomalous situations ............................................................................................................. 81
6.10. PQA: Real time measurement of main parameters ......................................................... 83
7. OPERATIONS WITH THE MEMORY ......................................................................... 86
7.1. Saving measurements ..................................................................................................... 86
7.2. Recalling measurements and deleting the memory ........................................................ 87
7.2.1. Anomalous situations ............................................................................................................. 88
8. CONNECTING THE INSTRUMENT TO A PC OR MOBILE DEVICES ...................... 89
8.1. Connection to iOS/Android devices through WiFi ........................................................... 89
9. MAINTENANCE .......................................................................................................... 90
9.1. General information ......................................................................................................... 90
9.2. Replacement of the batteries .......................................................................................... 90
9.3. Cleaning the instrument .................................................................................................. 90
9.4. End of life ........................................................................................................................ 90
10. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................. 91
10.1. Technical characteristics ................................................................................................. 91
10.2. Reference guidelines ....................................................................................................... 96
10.3. General characteristics .................................................................................................... 96
10.4. Environment .................................................................................................................... 96
10.4.1. Environmental conditions for use ........................................................................................... 96
10.5. Accessories ..................................................................................................................... 96
11. SERVICE .................................................................................................................... 97
11.1. Warranty conditions ......................................................................................................... 97
11.2. Service ............................................................................................................................ 97
12. THEORETICAL APPENDIXES ................................................................................... 98
12.1. Continuity of protective conductors ................................................................................. 98
12.2. Insulation resistance........................................................................................................ 99
12.3. Checking circuit separation ........................................................................................... 100
12.4. Test on differential switches (RCD) ............................................................................... 102
12.5. Verify of the breaking capacity of protection devices .................................................... 103
12.6. Verify of protection against indirect contacts in TN systems ......................................... 104
12.7. Verify of protection against indirect contacts in TT systems ......................................... 106
12.8. Verify of protection against indirect contacts in IT systems ........................................... 107
12.9. Verify of protection coordination L-L, L-N and L-PE ...................................................... 108
12.10. Verify of the protection against short circuits – Test I2t ................................................. 110
12.11. Verification of voltage drop on main lines ...................................................................... 111
12.12. Measurement of earth resistance in TN systems .......................................................... 112
12.12.1. Measurement of earth impedance by voltammetric method ............................................... 113
12.12.2. Ground resistivity measurement .......................................................................................... 115
12.13. Voltage and current Harmonics ..................................................................................... 117
12.13.1. Limit values for harmonics ................................................................................................... 117
12.13.2. Presence of harmonics: causes ........................................................................................... 118
12.13.3. Presence of harmonics: consequences ............................................................................... 119
12.14. Calculation of powers and power factors ...................................................................... 120
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1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES
The models of the Gx Series (MACROTESTG1, MACROTESTG2, MACROTESTG3,
COMBIG2, COMBITEST425 and COMBIG3) have been designed in compliance with
Directives IEC/EN61557 and IEC/EN61010, relevant to electronic measuring instruments.
Before and after carrying out the measurements, carefully observe the following
instructions:
Do not carry out any voltage or current measurement in humid environments.
Do not carry out any measurements in case gas, explosive materials or flammables are
present, or in dusty environments.
Avoid any contact with the circuit being measured if no measurements are being
carried out.
Avoid contact with exposed metal parts, with unused measuring probes, etc.
Do not carry out any measurement in case you find anomalies in the instrument such
as deformations, breaks, substance leaks, absence of display on the screen, etc.
Pay special attention when measuring voltages higher than 25V in special
environments (such as construction sites, swimming pools, etc.) and higher than 50V in
normal environments, since a risk of electrical shock exists.
Only use original HT accessories.
The following symbols are used in this manual:
CAUTION: observe the instructions given in this manual; improper use could
damage the instrument, its components or create dangerous situations for the
operator.
High voltage danger: electrical shock hazard.
Double insulation
AC voltage or current
DC voltage or current
Connection to earth
The symbol indicates that the instrument must not be connected to systems with
phase-to-phase rated delta voltage higher than 415V.
1.1. PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS
This instrument has been designed for use in the environmental conditions specified in
§ 10.4.1. Do not use in different environmental conditions.
The instrument may be used for measuring and verifying the safety of electrical
systems. Do not use on systems exceeding the limit values specified in § 10.3.
We recommend following the normal safety rules devised to protect the user against
dangerous currents and the instrument against incorrect use.
Only the accessories supplied with the instrument guarantee compliance with safety
standards. They must be in good conditions and be replaced with identical models,
when necessary.
Make sure the batteries are correctly installed.
Before connecting the test leads to the circuit being measured, check that the desired
function has been selected.
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1.2. DURING USE
Please carefully read the following recommendations and instructions:
CAUTION
Failure to comply with the caution notes and/or instructions may damage
the instrument and/or its components or be a source of danger for the
operator.
Before changing function, disconnect the test leads from the circuit under test.
When the instrument is connected to the circuit under test, never touch any terminal,
even if unused.
Avoid measuring resistance if external voltages are present. Even if the instrument is
protected, excessive voltage could cause damage.
While measuring current, place the clamp jaws as far as possible from the conductors
not involved in the measurement, as the magnetic field they produce could interfere
with the measuring operations and place the conductor as much as possible in the
center of the jaws to maximize accuracy.
1.3. AFTER USE
When measurements are completed, turn off the instrument by pressing and holding the
ON/OFF key for some seconds. If the instrument is not to be used for a long time, remove
the batteries and follow the instructions given in § 3.4.
1.4. DEFINITION OF MEASUREMENT (OVERVOLTAGE) CATEGORY
Standard "IEC/EN61010-1: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement,
control and laboratory use, Part 1: General requirements” defines what measurement
category, commonly called overvoltage category, is. § 6.7.4: Measured circuits, reads:
circuits are divided into the following measurement categories:
Measurement category IV is for measurements performed at the source of a low-
voltage installation.
Examples are electricity meters and measurements on primary overcurrent protection
devices and ripple control units.
Measurement category III is for measurements performed on installations inside
buildings.
Examples are measurements on distribution boards, circuit breakers, wiring, including
cables, bus-bars, junction boxes, switches, socket-outlets in fixed installation, and
equipment for industrial use and some other equipment, for example, stationary motors
with permanent connection to fixed installation.
Measurement category II is for measurements performed on circuits directly
connected to the low-voltage installation.
Examples are measurements on household appliances, portable tools and similar
equipment.
Measurement category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly
connected to MAINS.
Examples are measurements on circuits not derived from MAINS, and specially
protected (internal) MAINS-derived circuits. In the latter case, transient stresses are
variable; for that reason, the standard requires that the transient withstand capability of
the equipment is made known to the user.
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2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
2.1. FOREWORD
This user manual is referred to the following models MACROTESTG1, MACROTESTG2,
MACROTESTG3, COMBIG2, COMBITEST425 and COMBIG3. The model
COMBITEST425 is the same of COMBIG2. Unless otherwise specified, the “instrument” is
referred to MACROTESTG3 model. The following Table 1 shows the possible functions
Symbol Acronym Measurement description
Continuity test of earth,
protective and equipotential
RPE
M
RCD
LOOP
EARTH
SEQ
AUX
LEAKAGE
conductors with test current
higher than 200mA and
open-circuit voltage
between 4V and 24V.
Measurement of insulation
resistance with continuous
test voltage of 50V, 100V,
250V, 500V or 1000V
Tests on molded case RCD
(STD) and without integral
current breaking device
RCD (
Selective of type AC (
A (
Measurement of overall
earth resistance in sockets
with no residual current
protection tripping (Ra )
and measurement of line
impedance and of fault loop
(Loop P-N, P-P, P-PE) with
calculation of the assumed
short-circuit current (Ipsc) in
Standard or IMP57 mode
(with high resolution by
means of optional
accessory IMP57)
Measurement of earth
impedance and ground
resistivity by voltammetric
method and measurement
by using optional clamp
T2100
Detection of phase rotation
in a generic three-phase
system with 2- or 1-terminal
measuring method
Measurement of
environmental parameters
(Temperature, Humidity,
Illuminance) by using
optional probes
Real-time measurement of
leakage current by using
optional clamp HT96U
) General and
) and B ( )
MACROTEST
G3
),
MACROTEST
G2
MACROTEST
G1
COMBI
G2
COMBI
G3
ΔV%
PQA
Measurement of percentage
voltage drop on mains lines
Real time measurement of
main parameters (powers,
harmonics, power factor)
Table 1: Characteristics of models
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2.2. INSTRUMENT FUNCTIONS
The instrument is equipped with a TFT color LCD display, with capacitive "touch-screen"
that can be handled simply with the touch of a finger by the user and is structured with an
icon-based menu allowing the direct selection of measurement functions for quick and
intuitive use.
The instrument can perform the following tests (compatibly with the characteristics
described in Table 1):
RPE Continuity test of earth, protective and equipotential conductors with test
current higher than 200mA and open-circuit voltage between 4V and 24V
M Measurement of insulation resistance with continuous test voltage of 50V,
100V, 250V, 500V or 1000V DC
RCD Test on molded case RCD (Standard – STD) and on earth leakage relay
RCD ( ) General (G), Selective (S) and Delayed ( ) of type A ( )
and AC ( ) and B ( ) of the following parameters: tripping time,
tripping current, contact voltage
LOOP Measurement of line impedance/Loop P-N, P-P, P-E with calculation of
the assumed short-circuit current, also with high resolution (0.1m) (by
means of optional accessory IMP57), overall earth resistance without
causing the RCD tripping, check of the interruption capacity of
magnetothermal protections (MCB) and fuses, I2t test, protection check
in case of indirect contacts
EARTH Measurement of earth impedance and ground resistivity by
voltammetric method and by an external clamp connected to the
instrument (optional accessory T2100)
SEQ Indication of phase sequence with 2- or 1-terminal method
AUX Measurement of environmental parameters (illuminance, air temperature,
humidity) by means of optional external probes and DC voltage signals
LEAKAGE Measurement of leakage current (by means of the optional accessory
HT96U)
ΔV% Measurement of percentage voltage drop on main lines
PQA Real time measurement of main parameters (powers, harmonics, power
factor/cos) in Single phase and Three phase balanced systems
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3. PREPARATION FOR USE
3.1. INITIAL CHECKS
Before shipping, the instrument has been checked from an electric as well as mechanical
point of view. All possible precautions have been taken so that the instrument is delivered
undamaged. However, we recommend checking it to detect any damage possibly suffered
during transport. In case anomalies are found, immediately contact the Dealer.
We also recommend checking that the packaging contains all the components indicated in
§ 10.5. In case of discrepancy, please contact the Dealer. In case the instrument should
be returned, please follow the instructions given in § 11.
3.2. INSTRUMENT POWER SUPPLY
The instrument is powered by 6 1.5V alkaline batteries of type AA LR06 or 6 1.2V NiMH
rechargeable batteries of type AA LR06 supplied with the instrument. Rechargeable
batteries can be recharged with the external chargers provided with the instrument too.
The green “ ” symbol indicates a sufficient charge level for the correct execution of
the tests. The red “ ” symbol indicates an insufficient charge level for the correct
execution of the tests. In this case, recharge the batteries (see § 9.2).
The instrument is capable of keeping data stored even without batteries.
The instrument has an AutoPower OFF function (which can be deactivated) after 5
minutes idling (see § 5.1.2).
3.3. CALIBRATION
The instrument has the technical specifications described in this manual. Its performance
is guaranteed for 12 months from the date of purchase.
3.4. STORAGE
In order to guarantee precise measurement, after a long storage time under extreme
environmental conditions, wait for the instrument to come back to normal condition (see §
10.4.1).
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4. NOMENCLATURE
4.1. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
CAPTION:
1. Inputs
2. LCD Touch screen display
3. Function keys F1, F2, F3, F4
4. ,, , / ENTER keys
5. Compartment of the connector
for optical cable/USB port
6. ESC key
7. GO/STOP key
8. HELP key
9. SAVE key
10. ON/OFF key
Fig. 1: Description of the front part of the instrument
Fig. 2: Description of the upper part of the instrument
Fig. 3: Description of the instrument's side
4.2. DESCRIPTION OF MEASURING LEADS
CAPTION:
1. Connector for remote probe
2. B1, B2 (not COMBIG2), B3, B4
inputs
3. In1 input
CAPTION:
1. Connector for optical cable/USB
port and adapter optical/WiFi
C20103
CAPTION:
1. Hand protection
2. Safe area
Fig. 4: Description of measuring leads
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Gx Series
4.3. KEYBOARD DESCRIPTION
The keyboard includes the following keys:
ON/OFF key to switch on/off the instrument
ESC key to exit the selected menu without confirming
keys to move the cursor through the different screens in order
to select the desired programming parameters
HOME / ENTER key to back to general Menu on each moment
GO/STOP key to start the measurement
SAVE key to save the measured values
HELP key to access the online help and display the possible connections
F1, F2, F3, F4
between the instrument and the system for each selected function
Function keys corresponding to the activation of the four icons on the
bottom of the screen as an alternative to direct touch on the display
4.4. DISPLAY DESCRIPTION
The display is an LCD, 320x240pxl TFT color display with
capacitive touch screen whose icon-structure can be directly
selected with a simple touch. The first line of the display
indicates the type of active measurement, the date/time and
the battery charge indication.
4.5. INITIAL SCREEN
When switching on the instrument, the initial screen appears
for a few seconds. It shows:
The HT manufacturer's logo
The instrument model
The Firmware version of the two instrument's internal
microprocessors (Fw1 and Fw2)
The serial number (SN:) of the instrument
The date of instrument calibration (Calibration date:)
After a few seconds, the instrument switches to the general menu.
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5. GENERAL MENU
Pressing the ENTER key in any condition of the instrument allows to go back to the
general menu in which internal parameters may be set, the saved measures can be
displayed and the desired measuring function may be selected.
Fig. 5: General menu of the instrument
Touch the icon to move to the following page of the general menu and the icon to
go back to the previous page. Inside the screens, touch the icon to confirm a selection
or the icon to exit without confirming.
5.1. INSTRUMENT SETTINGS
Touch the icon. The screen to the side appears on the
display. The following settings are available:
System language setting
Setting of the type of electrical system
Setting of the country
Operator name setting
System date/time setting
Activation/deactivation of display AutoPower OFF and of
key sound
Settings will be maintained also after switching off the
instrument.
5.1.1. Language
Touch the icon to select the system language. The
screen to the side appears on the display.
Select the desired language, confirm the choice and return
to the previous screen.
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Gx Series
5.1.2. Reference country
Touch the icon to select the reference country. This
choice have influence on the LOOP and EARTH
measurements (see § 6.4 and § 6.7) as shown in Table 2.
The screen to the side appears on the display.
Select the desired country, confirm the choice and return to
the previous screen
Europe Extra Europe USA Germany Norvay
TT Europe mode Europe mode Not available Europe mode Europe mode
LOOP
EARTH Ra
EARTH
(measure with
T2100)
TN Europe mode Europe mode Europe mode Europe mode Norvay mode
IT Europe mode Europe mode Not available Europe mode Norvay mode
TT Europe mode
TN Europe mode USA mode USA mode USA mode Europe mode
IT Europe mode Europe mode Not available Europe mode Europe mode
TT Europe mode
TN Europe mode USA mode USA mode USA mode Europe mode
IT Europe mode Europe mode Not available Europe mode Europe mode
Europe mode Not available Europe mode Europe mode
Europe mode Not available Europe mode Europe mode
Table 2: LOOP and EARTH measurements depending on reference countries
5.1.3. Automatic Power OFF for display and key sound
Touch the icon. The screen to the side appears on the
display.
Move the slide bar reference of section " " down/up to
turn off/on the Automatic Power OFF of the instrument after
a period of inactivity of 5 minutes.
Move the slide bar reference of section " " down/up to
disable/enable the sound key when pressed. Confirm the
choices made and go back to the previous screen.
5.1.4. System
Touch the icon to select the type of electrical system
(TT, TN or IT), of the mains frequency (50Hz, 60Hz), of the
limit value for contact voltage (25V, 50V) and rated voltage
value to be used for calculating the assumed short-circuit
current (see §). The screen to the side appears on the
display. NOTE: for “USA” country this icon is not
displayed and the electrical system is fixed to TN
Move the slide bar references to select the options. Confirm
the choices made and go back to the previous screen.
EN - 11
Gx Series
5.1.5. Operator name entry
Touch the icon to enter the name of the operator that
will be displayed in the header of each measurement
downloaded to PC. The screen to the side appears on the
display.
Set the desired name using the virtual keyboard (max 12
characters).
Confirm the settings or exit without saving.
5.1.6. System date/time setting
Touch the icon to set the system date/time. The screen
to the side appears on the display.
Touch the "EU" icon for the European date/time system in the
format "DD/MM/YY hh:mm" or the "US" icon for the American
system in the format "MM/DD/YY hh:mm AM/PM".
Touch the up/down arrow keys to set the desired value.
Confirm the settings or exit without saving.
Current date/time is kept inside the instrument without
batteries for approximately 12 hours.
5.2. INFORMATION
Touch the icon . The display shows the screen on the
right with the icons relative to the properties of the
instrument, the optional accessories IMP57 and T2100 and
the HTAnalysis APP
Touch the icon . The display shows the screen on the
right as well as following information:
Serial number
Internal version of Firmare and Hardware (for the
accessories IMP57 and T2100 these informations are
available only after the connection to the instrument)
Last calibration date
Touch the icon . The display shows the screen on the
right with the QR code of HTAnalysis APP (see § 8.1) in
“iOS” systems. This code permits an easy access to the
Apple Store to download the APP
Touche the icon to exit and return to the general
menu
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Gx Series
6. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
6.1. LOW: CONTINUITY OF PROTECTIVE CONDUCTORS
This function is performed in compliance with standards IEC/EN61557-4 and allows
measuring the resistance of protective and equipotential conductors.
CAUTION
The instrument can be used for measurements on installations with overvoltage
category CAT III 240V to earth and CAT III 415V between inputs. Category CAT
III is suitable for measurements carried out on installations inside buildings with
low voltage (examples are distribution boards, wirings, switches, fixed installation
sockets, electric motors, industrial equipment).
We recommend holding the alligator clip respecting the safety area created by
the hand protection (see § 4.2).
Check that no voltage is present at the ends of the item to be tested before
carrying out a continuity test.
The results may be influenced by the presence of auxiliary circuits connected in
parallel with the item to be tested or by transient currents.
The following operating modes are available:
Compensation of the resistance of the cables used for measurement. The
instrument automatically subtracts the value of cable resistance from the
measured resistance value. Therefore, it is necessary that this value is
measured each time the measuring cables are changed or extended.
AUTO The instrument carries out two measurements with inverted polarity and
displays their average value. Recommended mode
The instrument carries out the measurement with the possibility of setting a
duration time for testing. The operator may set a sufficiently long measuring
time (between 1s and 99s) to be able to move the protective conductors while
the instrument is carrying out the test, in order to find out a possible bad
connection.
CAUTION
Continuity test is carried out by supplying a current higher than 200mA
in case the resistance does not exceed ca. 2 (including resistance of
the test cables). For higher resistance values, the instrument carries out
the test with a current lower than 200mA.
Fig. 6: Continuity test by means of single cables and remote lead
EN - 13
Gx Series
1.
Touch the icon. The screen to the side appears on
the display. The instrument automatically carries out the
test for the presence of voltage between the inputs
(shown on the display) and blocks the test in case of
voltage higher than 10V
Touch the “AUTO” icon to set the measuring mode. The
following screen appears on the display:
2. Move the slide bar reference in the positions "AUTO"
(Automatic mode) or "
" (Timer mode). Confirm the
choice by going back to the previous screen.
If Timer mode is selected, the following screen is shown:
3.
4.
Touch the icon to zero the value in the Timer field
and use the virtual keyboard to set the value in seconds
between 1s and 99s. Confirm the choice by going back to
the initial measurement screen.
Touch the icon "Rxx" to set the maximum limit value of
the resistance on which the instrument makes the
comparison with the measured value. The screen to the
side appears on the display.
Touch the
icon to zero the value in the “R” field.
Use the virtual keyboard to set the value between 1 and
99.
Confirm the choice by going back to the initial
measurement screen. Note the presence of the set limit
value.
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Gx Series
5. Perform, if necessary, the compensation of the measuring leads resistance by
connecting the cables or the remote lead as shown in Fig. 7.
Fig. 7: Compensation of single cables and remote lead resistance
6. Touch the icon to activate the measurement. After
a few seconds, the instrument provides the screen to the
side if the operation is successful (Rcables 2); the
indication of the value is shown in the "Rcal" field and the
icon is shown on the display.
Touch the "AUTO" icon or " " to go back to the main
measurement screen.
CAUTION
Before connecting the test leads, make sure that there is no voltage at
the ends of the conductor to be tested.
7. Connect the alligator clips and/or test leads and/or remote lead to the conductor to
be tested as in Fig. 6.
CAUTION
Always make sure, before any measurement, that the compensation
resistance value is referred to the cables currently used. In case of
8.
Press the GO/STOP key on the instrument or the START key on the remote lead.
doubt, repeat points 5 and 6.
The instrument will start the measurement. During this whole stage, do not
disconnect the test leads of the instrument from the conductor under test. The
following screen appears on the display:
9. The value of the result is shown in the upper part of the
screen, while the partial values of the test with inverted
polarity of the test source in addition to the real test
currents are reported in the fields "R+" and "R-".
The symbol indicates the positive result of the
measurement.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
EN - 15
Gx Series
10. At the end of the test, if the value of the measured
resistance is higher than the set limit, the screen to the
side is shown on the display.
The value is shown in red and the symbol indicates
the negative result of the measurement. The "> 99.9"
message indicates the instrument overload status.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
6.1.1. Anomalous situations
1.
In AUTO or " " modes if the instrument detects a
resistance lower than the set limit value but for which is it
not able to generate a current of 200mA, the screen to
the side is displayed.
The symbol is shown on the display and the values
of the real test current are indicated in red.
2. If in mode the instrument detects a resistance
higher than 2 at its terminals, it resets the offset value
and displays a screen like the one to the side. The
icon is shown on the display to indicate the calibration
reset value (i.e. performing the operation with open
terminals).
3. In case the instrument detects that the calibrated
resistance is higher that the measured resistance, the
instrument gives out a long sound and displays a screen
like the one to the side. The icon is shown on the
display to indicate the calibration reset value.
EN - 16
Gx Series
6.2. M: MEASUREMENT OF INSULATION RESISTANCE
This function is performed in compliance with standards IEC/EN61557-2 and allows
measuring the insulation resistance between the active conductors and between each
active conductor and the earth.
CAUTION
The instrument can be used for measurements on installations with overvoltage
category CAT III 240V to earth and CAT III 415V between inputs. Category CAT
III is suitable for measurements carried out on installations inside buildings with
low voltage (examples are distribution boards, wirings, switches, fixed installation
sockets, electric motors, industrial equipment).
We recommend holding the alligator clip respecting the safety area created by
the hand protection (see § 4.2).
Check that the circuit being tested is not live and that all possible loads normally
The following operating modes are available:
AUTO The test is activated by the GO/STOP key of the instrument (or START of the
connected to it are disconnected before carrying out insulation measurement.
remote lead) and lasts 2 seconds. Recommended mode
The operator may set a sufficiently long measuring time (1s 999s) to be able
to move the test lead on the conductors being tested, while the instrument is
carrying out the test. For the whole measurement duration, the instrument will
give out a short sound every second. While measuring, if the insulation
resistance reaches a lower value than the set limit, the instrument will give a
continuous acoustic signal. To stop the test, press again the GO/STOP key on
the instrument or the START key on the remote lead.
Fig. 8: Insulation test between phase and earth by means of single cables and remote lead
Fig. 9: Insulation test between phase and earth by means of shuko plug
EN - 17
Gx Series
1.
Touch the icon. The screen to the side appears on
the display. The instrument automatically carries out the
test for the presence of voltage between the inputs
(shown on the display) and blocks the test in case of
voltage higher than 10V
Touch the “AUTO” icon to set the measuring mode. The
following screen appears on the display:
2. Move the slide bar reference in the positions "AUTO"
(Automatic mode) or " " (Timer mode). Confirm the
choice by going back to the previous screen.
If Timer mode is selected, the following screen is
shown:
3.
Touch the icon to zero the value in the Timer field
and use the virtual keyboard to set the value in seconds
between 1s and 999s. Confirm the choice by going
back to the initial measurement screen.
4.
Touch the icon "Rxx" to set the minimum limit value
of the insulation resistance on which the instrument
makes the comparison with the measured value. The
screen to the side appears on the display.
Touch the icon to zero the value in the “R” field.
Use the virtual keyboard to set the value between
0.01M and 999M.
Confirm the choice by going back to the initial
measurement screen. Note the presence of the set limit
value.
5. Touch the "xxxxV" icon to set the test DC voltage in the
insulation measurement. The screen to the side
appears on the display.
Move the slide bar reference to the desired value for
test voltage by choosing among 50, 100, 250, 500,
1000VDC.
Confirm the choice by going back to the initial
measurement screen. Note the presence of the set limit
value.
EN - 18
Gx Series
CAUTION
Disconnect any cable not strictly involved in measurement and especially
check that no cable is connected to In1 input.
Before connecting the test leads, make sure that there is no voltage at the
ends of the conductors to be tested.
6. Connect the alligator clips and/or test leads and/or remote lead to the ends of the
conductors to be tested as in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.
7.
Press the GO/STOP key on the instrument or the START key on the remote lead. The
instrument will start the measurement.
CAUTION
During this whole stage, do not disconnect the test leads of the instrument
from the conductor under test. It could remain charged with a dangerous
voltage due to the stray capacitances in the circuit being tested.
8. Regardless of the operating mode selected, at the end of the measurement, the
instrument applies a resistance to the output leads to discharge the capacitances in the
circuit.
9.
In mode:
The final result is the minimum insulation value measured during the test
Pressing a second time the GO/STOP key or the START key on the remote lead
stops the test before the set time has elapsed.
10. The measurement result is shown both as a numeric
value and in the analog bar graph as shown in the
screen to the side. The values of the real test voltage
and the measurement time are present on the display.
The symbol indicates the positive result of the
measurement.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
11. At the end of the test, if the value of the measured
resistance is lower than the set limit, the screen to the
side is shown on the display.
The value is shown in red and the
symbol indicates
the negative result of the measurement.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
EN - 19
Gx Series
6.2.1. Anomalous situations
1. If the instrument measures a resistance higher than
the set limit value but for which it is not able to generate
the rated voltage, the screen to the side is displayed.
The symbol is shown on the display and the values
of the real test voltage are indicated in red.
2. If the instrument detects a voltage value higher than
10V at its terminals, it does not carry out the test, gives
out a long sound and the screen reported here to the
side is displayed.
EN - 20
Gx Series
6.3. RCD: TEST ON DIFFERENTIAL SWITCHES
This function is performed in compliance with standard IEC/EN61557-6 and allows
measuring the tripping time and current of molded case differential switches of type A ( ),
AC ( ) and B ( ), being General (G), Selective (S) and Delayed ( ). The instrument
allows performing tests on earth leakage relay RCDs with currents up to 10A (with optional
accessory RCDX10)
CAUTION
Some combinations of test parameters can be not available in compliance with
the technical specification of the instrument and the RCD tables (see § 10.1 –
the empty cells of RCD tables means not available situations)
The following operating connections are available to perforn the RCD test:
Testing the RCD tripping time causes its tripping. Therefore, check that there
are NO users or loads connected downstream of the differential switch
being tested which could be damaged by a system downtime.
Disconnect all loads connected downstream of the differential switch as they
could produce leakage currents further to those produced by the instrument,
thus invalidating the results of the test.
CAUTION
Fig. 10: Connection for single-phase 230V system by means of shuko plug
Fig. 11: Connection for single-phase 230V system with single cables and remote lead
EN - 21
Gx Series
Fig. 12: Connection for a 400V + N + PE three-phase system by means of single cables
and remote lead
Fig. 13: Connection for a 400V + N (no PE) three-phase system by means of single cables
and remote lead [no for RCD type B]
Fig. 14: Connection for a 400V + PE (no N) system with single cables and remote lead
Fig. 15: Connection to earth leakage relay RCDs with optional accessory RCDX10
EN - 22
Gx Series
1.
Touch the icon. The screen to the side appears
on the display.
Touch the icon to the left to set the RCD operating
mode. The following screen appears on the display:
2. Move the slide bar reference by selecting the
desired operating mode between the options: G
(General), S (Selective), (Delayed).
Confirm the choice by going back to the initial
measurement screen. Note the presence of the
chosen selection.
When selecting a Delayed RCD, the instrument
displays the following screen.
3.
Touch the icon to zero the value in the Timer
field and use the virtual keyboard to set the value
of RCD delay time in seconds between 1ms and
500ms. Confirm the choice by going back to the
initial measurement screen.
Touch the second icon to set the type of RCD, the
waveform and the tripping current. The following
screen appears on the display.
4. Move the left slide bar reference and select the
type of RCD between the following options: STD
(molded case RCD) and “ ” (earth leakage
delay RCD with use of optional accessory
RCDX10). In case of earth leakage relay RCD the
following screen appears on the display
EN - 23
Gx Series
5.
Touch the icon to zero the value in “A” field
and use the virtual keyboard to set the value of
rated current of earth leakage relay RCD. The
maximum rated current is 10.0A. Confirm the
choice by going back to the previous screen.
Move the second slide bar reference by selecting
the waveform of the differential switch between the
options: (type AC), (type A), (type B).
For RCD of molded case type STD move the third
slide bar reference by selecting the desired rated
current of the differential switch between the
options: 10, 30, 100, 300, 500, 650, 1000mA
Confirm the choice by going back to the initial
measurement screen. Note the presence of the
chosen selections
6. Touch the third icon at the bottom of display and
select the desired type of test among the following
options:
x ½ Manual with multiplier ½ Idn
x 1 Manual with multiplier 1Idn
x 2 Manual with multiplier 2Idn
x 5 Manual with multiplier 5Idn
AUTO Automatic mode (6 tests in
sequence)
Ramp (measurement of the real tripping
current)
Move the right slide bar reference by selecting the
polarity of the test current between the options: 0°
(direct polarity), 180° (inverted polarity), 0°-180°
(for Automatic mode only). Confirm the choice by
going back to the initial measurement screen. Note
the presence of the chosen selections
7. Touch the fourth icon at the bottom of the display
and select the possible visualization of the contact
voltage value at the end of measurement. The
following options are possible:
The value of contact voltage is shown
on the display at the end of measurement
The value of contact voltage is not
shown on the display at the end of
measurement. The symbol “- - -“ is shown by
the instrument in this condition
8. Insert the green, blue and black connectors of the three-pin shuko plug into the
relevant instrument input terminals B3, B4, B1. As an alternative, use the single cables
and apply the relevant alligator clips to the free ends of the cables. It is also possible to
use the remote lead by inserting its multipolar connector into the input lead B1.
Connect the shuko plug, the alligator clips or the remote lead to the electrical mains
according to Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 12, Fig. 13 and Fig. 14.
EN - 24
Gx Series
6.3.1. AUTO mode
9.
Press the GO/STOP key on the instrument or the
START key on the remote lead. The instrument will
start the measurement.
The screen to the side is shown on the display when
the hourglass icon indicates the performance of the
test.
10 The AUTO mode foresees the automatic execution of 6
measurements in a sequence:
IdN x 1 with phase 0° (the RCD must trip,reset the
switch, icon )
IdN x 1 with phase 180° (the RCD must trip,reset
the switch, icon )
IdN x 5 with phase 0° (the RCD must trip,reset the
switch, icon )
IdN x 5 with phase 180° (the RCD must trip,reset
the switch, icon )
IdN x½ with phase 0° (RCD must not trip)
IdN x½ with phase 180° (RCD must not trip, end of
test)
11
The test has a positive result if all tripping times of molded case type STD comply with
what indicated in Table 5 (see § 12.4). The test has a negative result when one of the
values is out of range. During this whole stage, do not disconnect the measuring leads
of the instrument from the system on test.
12 At the end of the test, if the tripping time of each test
complies with what is indicated in Table 5 (see § 12.4)
the instrument shows the
symbol to signal that the
test has been completed successfully, and displays a
screen similar to the one reported here to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the
icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
13 At the end of the test, if the tripping time of a test does
not comply with what is indicated in Table 5 (see §
12.4). the instrument shows the symbol to signal
that the test has not been completed successfully, and
displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the
side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
CAUTION
According to standard EN61008, the test for Selective differential switches
requires an interval of 60 seconds between the tests (30s for tests with ½ Idn).
The instrument display shows a timer indicating the time remaining before the
instrument can automatically perform the test.
EN - 25
Gx Series
6.3.2. x½, x1, x2, x5 modes
9.
Press the GO/STOP key on the instrument or the
START key on the remote lead. The instrument will
start the measurement.
The screen to the side (concerning multiplier x1) is
shown on the display when the hourglass icon indicates
the performance of the test.
10
At the end of the test with multiplier x1/2, x1, x2 or x5 if
the tripping time, for molded case type STD, is as
listed in Table 5
the instrument shows the symbol to signal that the
test has been completed successfully, and displays a
screen similar to the one reported here to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
11
At the end of the test, for molded case type STD, if the
tripping time of a test does not comply with what is
indicated in Table 5the instrument shows the
symbol to signal that the test has not been completed
successfully, and displays a screen similar to the one
reported here to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
6.3.3. Mode x1 – Test on RCDs with delay time
9. At the end of the test, if the measured tripping time is
within the interval: [limit delay = set delay time +
value indicated in Table 5] the instrument displays
the
symbol to indicate the positive outcome of the
test and displays a screen like the one to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
10 At the end of the test, if the measured tripping time is
external the interval: [limit delay = set delay time +
value indicated in Table 5] the instrument displays
the symbol to indicate the negative outcome of the
test and displays a screen like the one to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1)
EN - 26
Gx Series
6.3.4. Mode
The standard defines, for molded case type STD, the tripping times for RCDs at nominal
current. The mode is used to detect the minimum tripping current (which could also be
lower than the nominal voltage).
9.
Press the GO/STOP key on the instrument or the
START key on the remote lead. The instrument will
start the measurement.
The screen to the side is shown on the display when
the hourglass icon indicates the performance of the
test.
10 At the end of the test, if the tripping current is within the
values of the table in the relevant §, the instrument
displays the
symbol to indicate the positive
outcome of the test and displays a screen like the one
to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
11 At the end of the test, if the tripping current is not within
the values of the table in the relevant §, the instrument
displays the symbol to indicate the negative
outcome of the test and displays a screen like the one
to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1).
EN - 27
Gx Series
6.3.5. Test on earth leakage relay RCD
The instrument allows performing tests on earth leakage relay RCD with currents up to
10A (with optional accessory RCDX10)
8. Connect the instrument and the optional accessory RCDX10 to the installation (see Fig.
15). Pay attention to the connection of cables “1” and “2” of the RCDX10 accessory
and to the direction of the current indicated by the arrow printed on the accessory. It is
also possible to use the remote lead by inserting its multipolar connector into input lead
B1
9.
Press the GO/STOP key on the instrument or the
START key on the remote lead. The instrument will
start the measurement.
The screen to the side is shown on the display when
the hourglass icon indicates the performance of the
test.
10 At the end of the test, if the tripping current is lower to
the set value, the instrument displays the symbol to
indicate the positive outcome of the test and displays a
screen like the one to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1)
11 At the end of the test, if the tripping current is higher to
the set value, the instrument displays the symbol
to indicate the negative outcome of the test and
displays a screen like the one to the side.
Press the SAVE button or touch the icon to save
the measurement (see § 7.1)
EN - 28
Gx Series
6.3.6. Anomalous situations
1. If the voltage between inputs B1 and B4 and inputs B1
and B3 is higher than 265V, the instrument provides the
warning screen shown to the side and blocks the
execution of the tests.
2. If the voltage between inputs B1 and B4 and inputs B1
and B3 is lower than 100V, the instrument provides the
warning screen shown to the side and blocks the
execution of the tests.
3. If the instrument detects the absence of the signal to
terminal B1 (phase conductor), it provides the warning
screen shown to the side and blocks the execution of
the tests.
4. If the instrument detects the absence of the signal to
terminal B4 (neutral conductor), it provides the warning
screen shown to the side and blocks the execution of
the tests.
5. If the instrument detects the absence of the signal to
terminal B3 (PE conductor), it provides the warning
screen shown to the side and blocks the execution of
the tests.
EN - 29
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