HT instruments 5035 User Manual

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User manual

MACROTEST 5035

Table of contents:

1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND PROCEDURES ........................................................................ 3

1.1. Preliminary instructions ........................................................................................................... 3

1.2. During use ............................................................................................................................... 4

1.3. After use .................................................................................................................................. 4

1.4. Measuring (overvoltage) categories definitions ....................................................................... 4

2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 5

2.1. Features .................................................................................................................................. 5

2.2. Instrument description ............................................................................................................. 6

3. PREPARATION FOR USE ......................................................................................................... 7

3.1. Initial check .............................................................................................................................. 7

3.2. Power supply ........................................................................................................................... 7

3.3. Calibration ............................................................................................................................... 7

3.4. Storage .................................................................................................................................... 7

3.5. How to set measurement unit .................................................................................................. 8

4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ROTARY SWITCH FUNCTIONS ........................................................ 9

4.1. LOWΩ: Continuity test of earth protective and equalizing potential conductors ...................... 9

4.1.1. Mode "CAL" ............................................................................................................................... 10

4.1.2. Procedure to cancel calibration parameters and cal symbol ..................................................... 11

4.1.3. Procedure "AUTO", "R+TIMER", "R-TIMER" ............................................................................ 12

4.1.3.1. Mode "AUTO" ............................................................................................................................. 13

4.1.3.2. Mode "R+TIMER" or “R-TIMER" ................................................................................................ 13

4.1.4. Anomalous cases during "AUTO", "R+TIMER", "R-TIMER" tests ............................................. 13

4.2. MΩ: Insulation resistance with test voltage of 50V, 100V, 250V, 500V or 1000V ............ 15

4.2.1. Procedure to measure insulation resistance in any modes ....................................................... 15

4.2.1.1. Mode "MAN" ............................................................................................................................... 16

4.2.1.2. Mode "TIMER" ............................................................................................................................ 17

4.2.2. Special cases which may occur during the tests "MAN", "AUTO", "TIMER" ............................. 18

4.3. RCD RCD : Tests on RCDS type A or AC .......................................................... 19

4.3.1. Measurement procedure for RCD test valid for all the working modes ..................................... 21

4.3.1.1. Mode "MAN x½" ......................................................................................................................... 22

4.3.1.2. Mode "MAN x1, x2, x5" ............................................................................................................... 23

4.3.1.3. Mode "AUTO" ............................................................................................................................. 23

4.3.1.4. Mode "RAMP " ....................................................................................................................... 24

4.3.1.5. Mode "Ut" .................................................................................................................................... 25

4.3.2. Tripping times for the general and selective RCDs ................................................................... 25

4.3.3. Anomalous cases which may occur during the RCD tests in any working mode ..................... 26

4.4. LOOP : Line/Loop impedance measurement and prospective short circuit current ......... 30

4.4.1. High resolution Impedance measurement (0.1mΩ) .................................................................. 30

4.4.2. Mode "P-N" ................................................................................................................................ 31

4.4.3. Mode "P-P" ................................................................................................................................ 32

4.4.4. Mode "P-PE" .............................................................................................................................. 33

4.4.5. Mode " " ................................................................................................................................ 35

4.4.6. Anomalous cases which may occur during LOOP tests in any working mode .......................... 36

4.4.7. Anomalous cases which may occur during phase sequence tests ........................................... 39

4.5. R

a15mA

4.5.1. Anomalous cases which may occur during R

4.6. EARTH ρ: Earth resistance and resistivity measurements .................................................... 45

4.6.1. Measurement procedure for "2P" test mode ............................................................................. 46

4.6.1.1. Earth resistance measurement from a socket ............................................................................ 48

4.6.2. Measurement procedure for "3P" test mode ............................................................................. 49

4.6.3. Measurement procedure for "ρ" test mode ................................................................................ 51

4.6.4. Anomalous cases which may occur during EARTH ρ tests ...................................................... 53

5. OPERATIONS WITH MEMORY ............................................................................................... 55

5.1. Saving measurements ........................................................................................................... 55

5.2. Recall measurements ............................................................................................................ 56

5.3. Clear memory ........................................................................................................................ 57

6. RESET OF THE INSTRUMENT AND DEFAULT PARAMETERS ............................................ 58

: Global earth resistance measurement ................................................................. 41

A15mA

tests...................................................... 43

EN - 1

MACROTEST 5035

6.1. Reset procedure .................................................................................................................... 58

6.2. Default parameters ................................................................................................................ 58

7. INSTRUMENT CONNECTION TO A PC .................................................................................. 59

8. MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................................ 60

8.1. General .................................................................................................................................. 60

8.2. Battery replacement .............................................................................................................. 60

8.3. Cleaning ................................................................................................................................ 60

8.4. End of life .............................................................................................................................. 60

9. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................... 61

9.1. Technical features ................................................................................................................. 61

9.1.1. Safety standards ........................................................................................................................ 63

9.1.2. General specifications ............................................................................................................... 63

9.2. Environment .......................................................................................................................... 64

9.2.1. Environmental working conditions ............................................................................................. 64

9.3. Accessories ........................................................................................................................... 64

10. SERVICE .................................................................................................................................. 65

10.1. Warranty conditions ............................................................................................................... 65

10.2. Service .................................................................................................................................. 65

11. PRACTICAL REPORTS FOR ELECTRICAL TESTS ............................................................... 66

11.1. LOWΩ: Continuity measurement of protective conductors .................................................... 66

11.2. Insulation resistance measurement ....................................................................................... 67

11.3. Check of the circuit separation .............................................................................................. 70

11.4. Working test of RCDS (RCD, RCD/DC, RCD S, RCD/DC S) ................................................ 72

11.5. RCD tripping time test ........................................................................................................... 73

11.6. Short circuit fault impedance (ZPN, ZPP) ................................................................................. 74

11.7. Fault loop impedance measurement (phase – earth) ............................................................ 74

11.8. Earth resistance measurement in TT systems....................................................................... 75

11.9. Earth resistance measuremenT, 3-wire and 2-wire methods ................................................ 76

11.10. Earth resistivity measurement ............................................................................................... 77

EN - 2

MACROTEST 5035

1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND PROCEDURES

This apparatus conforms with safety standards IEC/EN61557 and IEC/EN61010-1 relating to electronic measuring instruments.

Strictly keep to the following instructions before and during measurements:

• For your own safety as well as that of the apparatus you are recommended to follow the procedures described in this instruction manual and carefully

read all the notes preceded by the symbol

• Do not take measurements in wet environments

• Do not effect measurements in environments with explosive gas, fuels or

dust

• Keep you insulated from the object under test waiting for measuring

• Avoid any contact with exposed metal parts, ends of test leads not in use,

circuits, etc

• Do not effect any measurement in case of unusual conditions of the instrument such as deformation, breakage, leakage of substances, absence of display reading etc

• Pay careful attention when measuring voltages exceeding 25V in particular places (building yards, swimming pools, ..) and 50V in ordinary places

The following symbols are used on the meter and in this manual:

because of the risk of electric shock

Caution: refer to the instructions reported on this manual; improper use may damage the apparatus or its components.

AC voltage or current

CAUTION

Double insulation

1.1. PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS

• This instrument has been designed for use in environm ents with a pollution degree 2

• It can be used for tests on electrical installations with over voltage category III up to 265V (to Earth)

• You are recommended to comply with the standard safety regulations aimed at protecting you against dangerous currents and protecting the instrument against improper use

• Only the leads supplied with the instrument guarantee compliance with the safety standards. They must be in good conditions and must be replaced, if necessary, with identical models

• Do not perform measurements on circuits exceeding the specified voltage limits

• Do not effect any measurement under environmental conditions beyond the limits specified in this manual

• Check that batteries have been placed correctly

• Before connecting test leads to the circuit under test, check that rotary

switch position is correct

• Check that LCD and rotary switch indicate the same function

CAUTION

EN - 3

MACROTEST 5035

1.2. DURING USE

Carefully read the following recommendations and instructions:

CAUTION

• No compliance with the Warnings and/or Instructions may damage the apparatus and/or its components or injure the operator

• Before selecting any function disconnect the test leads from the circuit under test

• When the instrument is connected to the tested circuit never touch any test lead which is not being used

• Avoid to effect resistance measurements in the presence of external voltages; even though the instrument is protected a too high voltage may cause malfunctions

• If the symbol is displayed during use interrupt testing and replace batteries following the procedure described under paragraph Errore.

L'origine riferimento non è stata trovata.. The instrument is capable of keeping the data stored even though batteries are not installed

1.3. AFTER USE

• When the measurements are completed disconnect the test leads from the circuit under test and after that switch OFF the instrument

• Remove batteries when the apparatus remains unused for long periods

1.4. MEASURING (OVERVOLTAGE) CATEGORIES DEFINITIONS

The norm IEC/EN61010-1: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use, Part 1: General requirements, defines what measuring category, usually called overvoltage category, is. On paragraph 6.7.4: Measuring circuits, it says:

(OMISSIS) circuits are divided into the following measurement categories:

• Measurement category IV is for measurements performed at the source of the low-

voltage installation.

Examples are electricity meters and measurements on primary overcurrent protection

devices and ripple control units.

• Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation.

Examples are measurements on distribution boards, circuit breakers, wiring, including

cables, bus-bars, junction boxes, switches, socket-outlets in the fixed installation, and equipment for industrial use and some other equipment, for example, stationary motors with permanent connection to fixed installation

• Measurement category II is for measurements performed on circuits directly

connected to the low voltage installation.

Examples are measurements on household appliances, portable tools and similar

equipment.

• Measurement category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly

connected to MAINS.

Examples are measurements on circuits not derived from MAINS, and specially

protected (internal) MAINS-derived circuits. In the latter case, transient stresses are variable; for that reason, the norm requires that the transient withstand capability of the equipment is made known to the user.

EN - 4

MACROTEST 5035

2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Dear Customer, we thank you for your patronage. The instrument you have just purchased will grant you accurate and reliable measurements provided that it is used according to the present manual’s instructions. The instrument was designed to grant the user the utmost safety conditions thanks to a new concept assuring double insulation and over voltage category III.

2.1. FEATURES

 LOWΩ: Continuity test of earth, protective and equalizing potential conductors with

test current higher than 200mA and open circuit voltage ranging from 4V to 24V.

 MΩ: Measurement of insulation resistance with DC test voltage 50V, 100V,

250V, 500V or 1000V.

 RCD : Measurement on common and/or selective RCDs AC type ( ) of

the following parameters:

 Tripping time.  Tripping current.  Contact voltage (Ut).  Overall earth resistance (Ra).

Under this mode the instrument can measure the overall earth resistance without causing RCD tripping.

 RCD : Measurement on common and/or selective RCDs A type ( ) of

the following parameters:

 Tripping time.  Tripping current.  Contact voltage (Ut).  Overall earth resistance (Ra).

Under this mode the instrument can measure the overall earth resistance without causing RCD tripping.

 LOOP

: Measurement of line and fault loop impedance with calculation of

prospective short circuit current. Indication of phase rotation sequence.

 R

a15mA

: Measurement of fault loop impedance between earth and phase

conductors with current of 15mA and calculation of prospective short circuit current.

 EARTH ρ: Measurement of earth resistance and earth resistivity.

EN - 5

MACROTEST 5035

2.2. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

LEGEND:

1. Display

2. Function keys

3. Rotary switch

∆

Un/I

FUNC

S  UL 

DIST

FUNC

Un/I∆n

DIST

S▲s

UL▼

START

STOP

DISP

CLR

RCL

ESC

SAVE

START STOP

DISP

CLR

RCL

SAVE

ESC

 FUNCTION key to select one measuring mode.

 U

DIST key for selection of rated voltage, differential current or

n/I∆n

distance depending on which measurement is selected.

 S▲key for selection of RCD type (Common or Selective) or to increase

the test duration interval or to scroll the results of the stored tests.

 UL▼ key for selection of contact voltage limit or to decrease the test

duration interval or to scroll the results of the stored tests.

 ON/OFF key. Keep it pressed some seconds for switching off the

instrument.

 START/STOP key to start or to stop tests.

 DISPLAY key to scroll the single and multiple tests (Ex: RCD AUTO)

which have been effected and stored.

 CLEAR key to cancel the stored tests.

 RECALL/ESCAPE key to recall the stored tests (RCL) and leave the

selected function or mode (ESC).

 SAVE key to save tests.

EN - 6

MACROTEST 5035

3. PREPARATION FOR USE

3.1. INITIAL CHECK

This instrument has been checked mechanically and electrically prior to shipment. Any care has been taken to ensure that the instrument reaches you under safe conditions.

You are recommended, however, to carry our a rapid check to detect any possible damage which might have been caused during transport. Should this be the case, immediately contact HT Italia.

Check also that the packaging contains all the parts listed under paragraph 9.3. In case of discrepancies contact the dealer.

In case you have to send the instrument back please follow the instructions reported in paragraph 10.

3.2. POWER SUPPLY

The instrument is supplied by six batteries model 1.5V – LR6 – AA – AM3 – MN 1500 not included in the package.

To replace batteries follow the instructions reported in paragraph 8.2. When batteries are low the symbol is displayed. To replace batteries follow the

instructions indicated in paragraph 8.2

3.3. CALIBRATION

The instrument fulfils the technical specifications listed in this manual. The performance of the specifications are guaranteed for one year.

3.4. STORAGE

In order to grant the accuracy of the measurements, after a period of storage in extreme environmental conditions, wait for the time necessary so that the apparatus is back to normal measuring conditions (see environmental specifications listed in paragraph 9.2.1).

EN - 7

MACROTEST 5035

3.5. HOW TO SET MEASUREMENT UNIT

Is possible to set the distance measurement unit (in earth resistivity) following this procedure:

1. While pushing FUNC button turn the switch on any position.



The instrument will display the following screen.

le m

3. Choose the desired distance measurement unit between meter and feet that change by

pushing S▲ and UL▼ keys (appear m and ft).



Push SAVE key confirming the choice. The instrument will display the following screen.

le m



Push ESC key leaving this menu without confirming any change.

EN - 8

MACROTEST 5035

4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ROTARY SWITCH FUNCTIONS

4.1. LOWΩ: CONTINUITY TEST OF EARTH PROTECTIVE AND EQUALIZING

POTENTIAL CONDUCTORS

The measurement is effected with a test current higher than 200mA and open circuit voltage ranging from 4 to 24V DC according to EN 61557-2 and VDE 0413 part 4.

Before carrying out the continuity test make sure that there is no voltage at the ends of the conductor under test.

Turn the switch on LOWΩ position.

Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):

 Mode AUTO (the instrument carries out two measurements with reversed

polarity R+ and R-, and displays their average value R recommended for the continuity test.

 Mode R + TIMER (measurement with positive polarity and possibility of

setting the duration time of the test). In this case the operator can set a measuring time long enough to permit him to move the protective conductors while the instrument is carrying out the test so detecting any bad connection.

 Mode R - TIMER (measurement with negative polarity and possibility of

 Mode CAL (compensation of the resistance of the cables used for the

measurement).

NOTE: If the resistance is lower than 5Ω (including the resistance of the calibration) the

continuity test is effected by the instrument with a current higher than 200mA. If the resistance is higher than 5Ω the continuity test is effected by the instrument with a decreasing current.

CAUTION

). This mode is

avg

EN - 9

MACROTEST 5035

4.1.1. Mode "CAL"

1. Select mode CAL by means of the FUNC key.

2. Connect the black and blue cables to the instrument input terminals B1 and B4

respectively:

B2 B3

Connection of instrument terminals during calibration procedure.

3. If the cables supplied with the instrument are not long enough for the measurement you can

extend the blue cable.

4. Connect the crocodiles to the cable terminals.

5. Short-circuit the measuring cable ends making sure that the conductive parts of the

crocodiles make a good contact to each other (see previous picture).

START

6. Press the START/STOP key. The instrument carries out the calibration.

STOP



At the end of the test the result is stored and used as OFFSET (that

is to say that it is subtracted from any continuity test carried

out) for all the

subsequent measurements until a

CAL LOWΩ

0.00 Ω

203 mA

Message CAL: means that the instrument was calibrated; this symbol remains

on the display for any further measurement

even though the unit is switched off and on again.

new calibration is carried out.

This screen is displayed for only 2 seconds

then the instrument emits a double sound signal (indicating that the calibration is completed) and displays the default screen relative to the LOWΩ test under AUTO mode.

Current supplied by the instrument during the calibration

rocedure.

NOTE: The instrument effects the calibration of cables with resistance lower of 5Ω.

EN - 10

MACROTEST 5035

CABLES USED FOR THE TEST Before each measurement always make sure that

the calibration is referred to the cables in use. During a continuity test, if the resistance value free of calibration (that is the resistance value less the calibration offset value) is negative, the symbols

o as well as blinking CAL are displayed

(according to 5th screen paragraph 4.1.4). Probably the calibration stored in the instrument memory is referred to cables other than those in use, therefore a new calibration is to be effected.

The display of “Measuring” means that the instrument is measuring. During this phase never disconnect test leads.

4.1.2. Procedure to cancel calibration parameters and cal symbol

To cancel calibration parameters (and the symbol CAL) it is necessary to effect a

calibration procedure with a resistance of

test leads higher than 5Ω (for example

with disconnected test leads). When a cancellation is effected the screen nearby is displayed first, followed by the screen below:

The screen nearby is displayed for 2

seconds, after which the instrument emits a long sound signal and then displays the

default screen relative to the LOWΩ test under AUTO mode without the symbol CAL.

CAUTION

LOWΩ

o> 5 Ω

cal

Measuring

LOWΩ

cal

Message >5Ω: means that the instrument detected a resistance higher than 5Ω therefore it will proceed with Reset procedure.

Message rES: means that the instrument effected cancellation (RESET) of the calibration parameters

EN - 11

MACROTEST 5035

4.1.3. Procedure "AUTO", "R+TIMER", "R-TIMER"

1. Select the desired mode by means of the FUNC key.

2. Connect the black and blue cables to the instrument input terminals B1 and B4

respectively.

B2 B3

Connection of the instrument terminals during LOWΩ test.

3. If the cables supplied with the instrument are not long enough for the measurement you can

extend the black cable.

4. Connect two crocodiles to the cable terminals.

5. Short-circuit the measuring cable ends making sure that the conductive parts of the

crocodiles make a good contact to each other. Press the START/STOP key. If the

instrument displays a resistance value other than 0.00 repeat the instrument

calibration (see paragraph 4.1.1).

6. Connect the instrument terminals to the ends of the conductor on which the continuity test is

to be carried out (see previous picture).

7. If the mode "R+TIMER" or "R-TIMER" was selected use the following keys to select

the duration time of the test:

S▲

press this key to increase the duration time of the test (Tmax=15 seconds).

UL▼t

press this key to decrease the duration time of the test (Tmin=3 seconds).

START

8. Press the START/STOP key. The instrument effects the measurement.

STOP

In R+/R- Timer mode press START/STOP key again if the test is to be stopped.

CAUTION

The display of “Measuring” means that the instrument is measuring. During this phase never disconnect test leads.

EN - 12

MACROTEST 5035

Ω

4.1.3.1. Mode "AUTO"



At the end of the test, if the average

resistance value Ravg results to be lower than 5Ω the instrument emits a double sound signal indicating the positive outcome of the test and

displays one screen similar to the screen alongside.

SAVE

4.1.3.2. Mode "R+TIMER" or “R-TIMER"



If during the test a resistance value R+Timer or R–Timer lower than 5Ω was detected, the instrument (after the set time has elapsed) emits a double

sound signal indicating the positive outcome of the test displays one screen

similar to the screen alongside.

The symbols R+ or R- are displayed.

SAVE

4.1.4. Anomalous cases during "AUTO", "R+TIMER", "R-TIMER" tests



In case a value of Ravg or R+ or R-

higher than or equal to 5Ω but lower

than 99.9Ω was detected, at the end of the test the instrument emits a long sound signal and displays one screen

similar to the screen alongside.

ATTENTION: value of R



In AUTO mode, if a Ravg or R+ or R- higher than 99.9Ω was detected, at the end of the test the instrument emits a long sound signal and displays the screen alongside.

ATTENTION: value of R

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

her than 5

or R+ or R- is too

avg

CAL LOWΩ

1.07 Ω

219 mA

AUTO

CAL LOWΩ

1.08 Ω

219 mA 5 s

R+ R-

IMER

CAL LOWΩ

o 5.75 Ω

216 mA 5 s

AUTO

CAL LOWΩ

o> 99.9 Ω

- - - mA

AUTO

Average resistance value Ravg.

Average test current value Iavg.

Duration time of the test.

Value of the test current I+ or I-.

Only in case the mode R+TIMER or R-TIMER was selected.

AUTO mode.

99.9Ω is the maximum value which can be measured in the

LOWΩ AUTO or

R+ or R-mode.

EN - 13

MACROTEST 5035



In case the mode R+TIMER or RTIMER was selected and a R+ or R- higher than 99.9Ω was detected, the instrument emits an intermittent

sound signal during the test, a long

sound signal at the end of the test

and displays the screen alongside.

CAL LOWΩ

o> 99.9 Ω

- - - mA 4 s

R+

TIMER

99.9Ω is the

maximum value.

ATTENTION: value of R+ or Ris too high.



In case that:

MEASURED-RCALIBRATION

< 0Ω the

instrument displays the screen alongside.

CAL LOWΩ

o 0.00 Ω

Blinking CAL.

219 mA

ATTENTION: R

MEASURED-RCALIBRATION

< 0

UTO

AUTO mode.

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).



If the terminal voltage is higher than 10V, the instrument does not carry out the test and displays the screen alongside for 5 seconds after which, the instrument displays the screen relative to the precedent selected test mode LOWΩ under AUTO mode.

CAL LOWΩ

o 13V

VOL AG

ATTENTION: the

test was not

effected because

of voltage at the terminal ends.

SAVE

THIS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 14

MACROTEST 5035

4.2. MΩ: INSULATION RESISTANCE WITH TEST VOLTAGE OF 50V, 100V,

The measurement is effected according to EN 61557-2 and VDE 0413 part 1.

250V, 500V OR 1000V

CAUTION

Before effecting the insulation test make sure that the circuit under test is not energized and all the relative loads are disconnected.

Turn the switch on MΩ position.

Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):

 Mode MAN (minimum test time of 10 seconds or set by the pressing

duration on the START/STOP key). Recommended test.

 Mode TIMER (test duration depending on the selected interval (from 10

to 999 seconds). This test can be effected in case a minimum measuring time is required.

4.2.1. Procedure to measure insulation resistance in any modes

1. Select the desired mode by means of the FUNC key.

2. Connect the black and blue cables to the instrument input terminals B1 and B4

respectively.

B2 B3 B4B1

Insulation between phase and earth in an electrical

installation using untied cables.

Insulation between phase and earth in an

electrical installation using the shuko cable.

3. If the cables supplied with the instrument are not long enough for the measurement you can

extend the blue cable.

4. Connect the instrument terminals to the object which is to be submitted to the insulation

test after disconnecting the circuit under test and all the relative loads (see previous picture).

Un/I∆n

5. By means of U

DIST

to be carried out (see table). The values to be selected are 50, 100,

select the test voltage suitable for the type of test

n/I∆n

250, 500, 1000V DC

EN - 15

MACROTEST 5035

Standard Brief description Test voltage Maximum limit value

Systems SELV or PELV

CEI 64-8/6

CEI 64-8/4

EN60439 Electrical panel boards 230/400V 500VDC EN60204 Electrical equipment of machines 500VDC

Systems up to 500V (Civil installations)

Systems over 500V

Floor and wall insulation in civil installa tions

Floor and wall insulation in systems over 500V

250VDC 500VDC

1000VDC

500VDC

1000VDC

> 0.250MΩ > 0.500MΩ

> 1.0MΩ

> 50kΩ (if V<500V)

> 100kΩ (if V>500V)

> 230kΩ

> 1MΩ

Test voltage values and the relative maximum limit values for the most common kinds of test.

CAUTION

If “Measuring” is displayed the instrument is effecting the measurement. During this phase do not disconnect the test leads as the circuit under test may remain charged at a dangerous voltage due to the parasite capacities of the installation. Independently of the working mode selected the instrument throws a resistance in the output terminals at the end of each test to discharge the parasite capacities of the circuit.

4.2.1.1. Mode "MAN"

START

6. Press the START/STOP key.

STOP

The instrument effects the test lasting:

 Minimum 6 seconds in case the key is pressed and released within 5 seconds.  Until the key is released for all the other cases.



At the end of the test, in case the

resistance value R to be lower than R

detected results

ISO

(depending on

MAX

the selected voltage see following table)

and the test is effected at the

selected rated voltage value, the instrument emits a double sound signal indicating the positive outcome of the test displays one

screen similar to the screen alongside.

ISO

1.00 MΩ

500 V 20 s

MAN

Rated voltage value selected for the test.

insulation

ISO

resistance value

Test duration. In this case the START/STOP key has been pressed for 20 seconds.

Manual mode.

The values of measured resistance of isolation always must be confronted with the normative limits (see table) for being able to assert if the system is to norm.

SAVE

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 16

MACROTEST 5035

Ω

4.2.1.2. Mode "TIMER"

6. Use the following keys to set the duration time of the test:

S▲

Press this key to increase the duration time of the test (Tmax=999 seconds).

UL▼

Press this key to decrease the duration time of the test (Tmin=10 seconds).

START

7. Press the START/STOP key.

STOP

The instrument effects the measurement ending when the set time has elapsed.

999 seconds → Maximum value of the test duration. 10 seconds → Minimum value of the test duration.

Note: Pressing the START/STOP key again the test gets immediately interrupted.



At the end of the test, in case the

resistance value R to be lower than R

detected results

ISO

(depending on

MAX

the selected voltage see following table)

and the test is effected at the selected

rated voltage value, the instrument emits a double sound signal indicating the positive outcome of the test

ISO

2.07 MΩ

500 V 20 s

TIMER

Insulation resistance value

ISO.

Duration of the set test.

Timer mode.

displays one screen similar to the screen alongside.

Rated voltage value selected for the Timer test.

The values of measured resistance of isolation always must be confronted with the normative limits for being able to assert if the system is to norm.

SAVE

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

Note: The maximum resistance value R

which can be measured in mode MΩ

MAX

depends on the rated voltage selected for the test. In particular:

Rated voltage selected

for the test

50VDC 100VDC 250VDC 500VDC

1000VDC

= Maximum resistance

MAX

value

99.9M

199.9M 499M 999M

1999M

Maximum resistance values measurable under MΩ mode depending on the rated voltage selected.

EN - 17

MACROTEST 5035

4.2.2. Special cases which may occur during the tests "MAN", "AUTO", "TIMER"



In case a value of R

was detected (depending on the

MAX

selected voltage see following Note table, the instrument emits a double

sound signal at the end of the test

indicating the positive outcome of the

test and displays one screen similar to

the screen alongside.

Maximum resistance value which can be measured (999Ω is displayed if a rated voltage of 500V was selected see table).



In case a test is effected at a voltage lower than the set rated voltage, at the end of the test the instrument emits a long sound signal and displays one screen similar to the screen alongside.

ATTENTION: the test of resistance R

effected at a voltage value lower than the set

rated voltage. Low insulation case. This case

occurs under low insulation conditions or in the

resence of capacity on the installation.

SAVE



If the terminal voltage is higher than 30V, the instrument does not effect the test, displays the screen alongside for 5 seconds after which, it shows the default screen relative to the R under selected mode.

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

higher than

ISO

> 999 MΩ

500 V 20 s

MAN

o0.01 MΩ

500 V 20 s

was

ISO

(according to paragraph 5.1).

test

ISO

MAN

o 33V

VOL AG

ISO

The symbol ">" means that the resistance value R

is higher than

ISO

MAX

Test duration

Selected mode MAN

ISO

Selected mode MAN

ATTENTION: the test was not carried out. Check that the circuit is not energised.

SAVE

THIS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 18

MACROTEST 5035

4.3. RCD RCD : TESTS ON RCDS TYPE A OR AC

The test is effected according to EN 61557-6, EN61008, EN61009, EN60947-2 B 4.2.4 and VDE 0413 part 6.

CAUTION

The automatic check of the RCD features causes the tripping of the RCD itself. Therefore check that there is no power or load connected downstream the RCD under test which could be affected by the installation switching off. Possibly disconnect all the loads connected downstream the RCD as they could add other leakage currents to the existing ones so making the test results void.

Turn the switch on RCD (RCDS type A sensitive to pulsating

leakage current) or RCD (RCDS type AC sensitive to sine leakage current) position.

FUNC

Switch on the instrument.

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):

 Mode MAN x ½ (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current

equal to half the value of the rated current set with a leakage current in phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180° with respect to the voltage).

 Mode MAN x 1 (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current

equal to once the value of the rated current set with a leakage current in phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180° with respect to the voltage).

 Mode MAN x 2 (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current

equal to twice the value of the rated current set with a leakage current in phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180° with respect to the voltage).

 Mode MAN x 5 (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current

equal to five times the value of the rated current set with a leakage current in phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180° with respect to the voltage)

 Mode AUTO (the instrument effects the test automatically with a leakage

current equal to half, once, five times the value of the rated current set with a leakage current in phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180° with respect to the voltage). Recommended test.

 Mode RAMP (the instrument effects the test with a ramp growing

leakage current, with a leakage current in phase with the voltage or with a leakage current phase shifted by 180° with respect to the voltage. Use this test to measure the tripping current)

 Mode Ut (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current equal to

half the value of the selected rated current and calculates the contact voltage as well as the R

earth resistance with a leakage current in phase

with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180° with respect to the voltage).

EN - 19

MACROTEST 5035

Note: According to standard praxis it is recommended to effect RCD test both with phase

0° and with phase 180°. Therefore the test is to be repeated for both phase valves of test current. If the RCD under test is of a type (which means sensitive to both AC and unidirectional pulsing leakage currents) it is advisable to effect the test both with sine wave and unidirectional pulse current with phase 0° and 180°.

Un/I∆n

DIST

The key U the RCD (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):

permits to select one of the following rated tripping currents of

n/I∆n

 10mA.  30mA.  100mA.  300mA.  500mA.

S▲

The key S▲ permits to activate the test for general or selective RCDs:

 if the test is effected for selective RCDs the symbol S must be

displayed.

 if the test is effected for general RCDs the symbol S must be NOT

displayed.

The option for testing the selective RCDs requires an interval among the tests of 60 seconds (30 seconds in case of tests at ½ I∆n). A timer is displayed indicating the waiting time for the instrument to effect the test automatically.

Example: Test on a RCD with rated current of I∆n=30mA selective

a) the instrument effects the test at ½ I∆n 0°. If the RCD passed

the test, the message “OK” is displayed and the RCD does not trip.

b) The instrument effects the test at ½ I∆n 180°. If the RCD

passed the test, the message “OK” is displayed and the RCD does not trip. At this stage 30 seconds elapse before effecting next test.

c) The instrument effects the test at I∆n 0°. If the RCD passed

the test, the message “OK” is displayed and the RCD trips and the blinking symbol “rcd” is displayed. The operator shall switch on the RCD. Anyway after the RCD tripping at least 60 seconds will elapse before affecting next test

d) The instrument effects the test at I∆n 180°. Follow the same

procedure as described under c)

e) The instrument effects the test at 5I∆n 0°. Follow the same

procedure as described under c).

f) The instrument effects the test at 5I∆n 180°. Follow the same

procedure as described under c). The test is completed

In case of AUTO working mode the operator shall switch the RCD on whenever the instrument displays the blinking symbol “rcd” signaling the RCD tripping Note: On selective RCDS it is possible to carry out the following tests ”Man ½ I∆n”, ”Man

1 I∆n”, ”Man 2 I∆n”, ”Man 5 I∆n”, “AUTO”.

EN - 20

MACROTEST 5035

UL▼

The key UL▼ permits to select one of the following limit values for the contact voltage (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):

 50V (default)  25V.

CAUTION

The display of “Measuring” means that the instrument is measuring. During this phase never disconnect test leads.

Note: ”Man 5 I∆n” and “AUTO” test modes aren’t available for RCD type A 500mA.

4.3.1. Measurement procedure for RCD test valid for all the working modes

1. Select the desired mode by means of the FUNC key.

2. Connect the 3 black, blue and green connectors of the three-terminal shuko cable or of th e single cables to the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the pictures below). In case of using untied cables connect the crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L1 L2 L3 N

B2 B3

Instrument connection for 400V + N + PE three-

phase check

L1 L2 L3 N

B2 B3

B4B1

Instrument connection for 230V single-phase or

three-phase RCD check

L2 L3

Instrument connection for 400V + N (no PE) three-

phase RCD check

B4B1

B2 B3 B4B1

Instrument connection for 400V + PE (no N)

three-phase RCD check

3. Connect the shuko plug to a 230V 50Hz socket or the crocodile s to the RCD terminals of the three-phase system (see previous pictures).

EN - 21

MACROTEST 5035

contac

t voltage

4.3.1.1. Mode "MAN x½"

START

4.  Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the

STOP

test injecting a current in phase with positive half wave of the voltage indicated on display by 0°.

 Press the START/STOP key twice. The instrument carries out the

test injecting a current in phase with negative half wave of the voltage indicated on display by 180°.



If the RCD does NOT trip the

RCD ~

or RCD

instrument emits a double sound

signal indicating the positive

outcome of the test and displays the

screen alongside.

The symbol ">" means that the RCD did not trip.

Indicates if the test was carried out with current phase 0° or 180° with respect to the voltage.

> 999 ms

Ι∆N 30mA 2 V

x1/2

MAN

0° U

Limit set for the

= 50V

OK: indicates that

RCD passed the test.

Value of contact voltage U detected referred to the rated value of the RCD current set.

SAVE

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 22

MACROTEST 5035

4.3.1.2. Mode "MAN x1, x2, x5"

START

4.  Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the

STOP

test injecting a current in phase with positive half wave of the voltage indicated on display by 0°.

 Press the START/STOP key twice. The instrument carries out the

test injecting a current in phase with negative half wave of the voltage indicated on display by 180°.

NOTE: ”Man 5 I∆n” and “AUTO” test modes aren’t available for RCD type A 500mA.



When the RCD trips if the tripping time

RCD ~

or RCD

is within the limits reported in table, the instrument emits a double sound

signal indicating the positive

outcome of the test and displays the

screen alongside.

OK: indicates that the RCD passed the test.

It indicates if the test was carried out with current phase 0° or 180° with respect to the voltage.

40 ms

Ι∆N 30mA 1 V

x1 MAN

0° U

Limit set for the contact voltage.

= 50 V

RCD tripping time

Value of contact voltage U detected referred to the rated value of the RCD current set.

SAVE

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

4.3.1.3. Mode "AUTO"

START

4. Press the START/STOP key: The instrument carries out the following

STOP

six tests with different values of rated current:

 1/2I∆n at 0° (the RCD shall not trip).  1/2I∆n at 180° (the RCD shall not trip).  I∆n at 0° (the RCD trips, blinking rcd, switch it on again).

at 180° (the RCD trips, blinking rcd, switch it on again).

 I

∆n

 5I

at 0° (the RCD trips, blinking rcd, switch it on again).

∆n

 5I∆n at 180° (the RCD trips, end of the test). In AUTO mode for each positive result (tripping time within the limits

see table) of a single test the following are displayed:

OK test passed. Blinking rcd switch the RCD on again (if the RCD is not switched on

again the instrument does not proceed with the test). The test ends if all values of test tripping times fall within the limits

reported in table, or at the first value out of limits.

EN - 23

MACROTEST 5035

NOTE: ”Man 5 I∆n” and “AUTO” test modes aren’t available for RCD type A 500mA.



At the end of the test if

RCD ~

or RCD

all six tests resulted to

be positive, the

instrument displays the screen alongside relative to the last measurement effected.

OK: indicates that the RCD passed the test.

23 ms

Ι∆N 30mA 1 V

AUTO 180° U

= 50V

Value of contact voltage U detected referred to the rated value of the RCD current set.

5. Press the DISP key to scroll the results relative to the six tests

DISP

effected which can be shown cyclically according to the following order: ½I∆n at 0°, ½I∆n at 180°, I∆n at 0°, I∆n at 180°, 5I∆n at 0°, 5I∆n at 180°.

SAVE

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

4.3.1.4. Mode "RAMP "

START

4.  Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the

STOP

test injecting a current in phase with positive half wave of the voltage indicated on display by 0°.

 Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the

test injecting a current in phase with negative half wave of the voltage indicated on display by 180°.

The instrument generates a leakage current growing step by step for a given time interval.



At the end of the test if the RCD tripping

RCD ~

or RCD

current is ≤ I∆n (Type AC) or 1.4I∆n (Type A with I∆n > 10mA) or 2I∆n (Type A with I∆n ≤ 10mA), the instrument emits a double sound signal indicating the positive outcome of the test and displays the screen alongside.

Value of contact voltage Ut detected referred to the rated value of the RCD current set.

41 ms 1 V

0° U

24 mA

= 50 V

RCD tripping time

OK: indicates that the RCD passed the test.

SAVE

SAVING: The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 24

MACROTEST 5035

If the parameters set on the instrument are consistent with the kind of RCD under test (and if the latter works properly) the ramp test “ ” SHALL CAUSE THE RCD TRIPPING

WITH A CURRENT LOWER THAN OR EQUAL TO THE SELECTED RATED

DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT. This test is not used to be effected to compare the RCD

tripping time at the tripping current, while the standards refer to the maximum tripping times in case the RCD is checked with a leakage current equal to the rated current.

4.3.1.5. Mode "Ut"

START

4.  Press the START/STOP key once: the instrument carries out the

STOP

test.



If the RCD does NOT trip the

RCD ~

or RCD

instrument emits a double sound

signal indicating the positive

outcome of the test and displays the

screen alongside.

Value of contact voltage Ut detected referred to the rated value of the RCD current set.

Value of earth resistance Ra. The display of the message "o.r." means that the instrument detected a resistance higher than 1999Ω.

Ι∆N 30mA 49 Ω

0° U

1.4 V

=50 V

OK: indicates that

the RCD passed the test.

It indicates if the test was carried out with current phase 0° or 180° with respect to the voltage.

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

4.3.2. Tripping times for the general and selective RCDs

If the parameters set on the instrument are in keeping with the type of RCD under test (and if this works correctly) the test with leakage current I

x1, I∆N x2, I∆N x5 SHALL

∆N

cause the RCD tripping within the times set according to the following table:

RCD type

x 1 I

∆N

x 2 I

∆N

x 5

Description

General 0.3s 0.15s 0.04s Max tripping time in seconds

0.5s 0.20s 0.15s Max tripping time in seconds

Selective S

0.13s 0.05s 0.05s Minimum delay tripping time in seconds

* For rated values I∆N ≤ 30mA the test current at five times is 0.25A. For currents equal to ½

the RCD shall not trip in any case.

∆N

Tripping times for tests with leakage currents I

∆

x1, I

∆

x2, I

x5 and AUTO.

∆

EN - 25

MACROTEST 5035

4.3.3. Anomalous cases which may occur during the RCD tests in any working mode



Should the instrument detect that the

RCD ~

or RCD

phase and/or neutral cables are not connected to an installation, screen alongside is displayed when pressing START/STOP.

Message “no VOL tAGE”: a too low voltage was detected

P-N

VOL AG



Should the instrument detect a voltage

RCD ~

or RCD

between phase and neutral higher of 265V, for example in case the blue cable is connected to an installation phase conductor of a 400V three-phase system, the screen alongside is displayed.

o Hi

P-N

VOL AG

Message “Hi VOL tAG”:

a too high voltage was detected.



This screen is displayed when the phase

RCD ~

or RCD

conductor was reversed with respect to the neutral one.

The instrument does not effect the test. Reverse the shuko plug or exchange the black cable with the blue one. Repeat the test.

o A

P-N

Message "Att": voltage between phase and earth is too low.



This screen is displayed when the

RCD ~

or RCD

phase conductor was reversed with respect to the earth one.

The instrument does not effect the test. Reverse the phase to earth connection in the plug or exchange the black cable with the green one.

o A

P-PE

Message "Att": voltage between phase and earth is too low.



This screen is displayed when in

RCD ~

or RCD

biphase system the blue conductor was reversed with respect to the green one.

o A

PEN

The instrument does not effect the test.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 26

MACROTEST 5035



If the instrument detects that the earth

RCD ~

or RCD

cable (green) is not connected, the screen alongside is displayed for 5 seconds then the initial display is back. Check the connections of PE conductor under test.

o>1999 Ω

no PE

Message “no PE”: the instrument does not detect the protection circuit.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.



In the tests MAN x1, x2, x5 and AUTO

RCD ~

or RCD

(during x1 and x5 tests), if the RCD trips to separate the circuit within a time not complying with the limits reported in table, the instrument emits a long sound signal at the end of the test and displays the values alongside.

o 487 ms

Ι∆N 30mA 1 V

MAN

0° U

= 50V

RCD tripping time

ATTENTION: the tripping time is higher than the standard limit.



If the RCD trips within a time higher than the instrument’s measuring limits, the instrument emits a long sound signal at the end of the test and displays the values alongside.

RCD ~

o> 999 mS

Ι∆N 30mA 2 V

MAN

0° UL= 50 V

RCD tripping time:

> maximum measuring time (it depends on type of test, see

following table).

The maximum duration depends on the test type:

Test type General RCD Selective RCD

MAN x1 test 999ms 999ms MAN x2 test 200ms 250ms MAN x5 test 50ms 160ms

“ ” test 300ms

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 27

MACROTEST 5035

)



During the ramp test if the RCD trips to separate the circuit at a tripping current higher than I∆n (Type AC) or 1.4 I∆n (Type A with I∆n>10mA) or 2 I∆n (Type A with I∆n≤10mA), the instrument emits a long sound signal at the end of the test and displays the values alongside.

ATTENTION: the RCD tripping current is higher than the rated value of the set differential current

=30mA was set in the example

∆N



During the ramp test for general RCDs if the RCD trips to separate the circuit, the instrument emits a long sound signal at the end of the test and displays the values alongside.

Maximum current generated by the instrument during the test for general RCDs (the value indicated is referred to an AC type 30mA RCD, in this case the maximum current supplied is equal to

SAVE



If a contact voltage U

selected limit (U

instrument interrupts the test and emits a long sound signal at the end of the

test and displays the values alongside.displays the screen alongside.

Message “>50V” o “>25V”: the instrument detects a contact voltage higher than the selected limit (50V in this case).

SAVE

In order to store the contact voltage value Ut (out of the limits) effect the test under U mode.

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

higher than the

) is detected the

0° UL=50V

THIS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.

RCD ~

o 33 mA

= 50V

58ms 1 V

0° U

RCD ~

o> 300 mS

Ι∆N 42mA 2 V

0° UL= 50 V

RCD ~

o> 50 V

A UL

∆N

MAN

or RCD

RCD tripping time

Contact voltage U

referred to the

value of rated current.

or RCD

Message "Att UL": a too high contact voltage was detected.

EN - 28

MACROTEST 5035



In case the instrument is unable to generate the current because the fault loop presents a too high resistance, the instrument emits a long sound signal at the end of the test and displays the values alongside.

RCD ~

o A

Ι∆N hi ES

AUTO 0° UL= 50 V

Message “HI rES”: the instrument detected a too high resistance therefore it is unable to effect the test.



During Ut test if the instrument detect s

RCD ~

a contact voltage Ut higher than the full scale value, a long sound signal is emitted at the end of the test and displays the screen alongside

Message ">100V" or “>50V”: the instrument detected a contact voltage higher than the full scale. Under U full scale is equal to 100V or 50V depending on the value set for U

equal to 50V or 25V.

mode the instrument

o> 100 V

A UL

∆N

0° UL=50V



If the RCD trips during the preliminary test at ½ Idn (independently from the working mode) the instrument displays the screen alongside until voltage between phase and earth is detected again then the previous selected screen is back.

RCD ~

o c

Ι∆N - - - - - -

x1 MAN

0° UL=50 V

Message “rcd”: the RCD trips too early. Some leakage currents may be present in the installation.



If the thermistores of the instrument are

RCD ~

damaged, it displays the screen alongside.

o c



If the instrument gets overheated, tests cannot be carried out and the message alongside is displayed. Wait until the initial screen is back in order to proceed with measurements.

Message “hot”: the instrument got overheated.

SAVE

THIS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 29

RCD ~

MACROTEST 5035

Ω

4.4. LOOP : LINE/LOOP IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT AND

PROSPECTIVE SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT

Turn the switch on LOOP position.

Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):

 Mode “P-N” (the instrument measures the resistance between the phase

and neutral conductors and calculates the phase to neutral prospective short circuit current).

 Mode “P-P” (the instrument measures the resistance between two phase

conductors and calculates the phase to phase prospective short circuit current).

 Mode “P-PE” (the instrument measures the resistance between the

phase and protective conductors and calculates the phase to earth prospective short circuit current).

 Mode “ ” (the instrument detects the phase sequence and measures

the three delta voltages: L1-2, L2-3, L3-1).

CAUTION

The display of “Measuring” means that the instrument is measuring. During this phase never disconnect test leads.

4.4.1. High resolution Impedance measurement (0.1mΩ)

Macrotest5035 is connectable to an external optional accessory (IMP57) useful for high resolution impedance measurement close to a power transformer. The high Resolution impedance measurement is available inside the LOOP P-P, P-N, P-PE modes by mean Un/I∆n key. If You enable the High Resolution Impedance Measurement mode without connecting IMP57 the following screen will be displayed:

LOOP

!!no

con ins

For further details regarding IMP57 use and technical characteristics please refer to IMP57 user's manual or HT web site www. htitalia.com.

EN - 30

MACROTEST 5035

4.4.2. Mode "P-N"

1. Select P-N mode by means of the FUNC key.

2. If possible disconnect all low impedance loads downstream the point at which the

measurement is to be taken, as such an impedance would be in parallel with the line impedance to be measured.

3. Connect the 3 black, blue and green connectors of the three-terminal shuko cable or of the

single cables in the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following pictures). When using untied cables connect the crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L1 L2

L3 N

B2 B3

Instrument connection for 230V single-phase or

two-phase line impedance measurement

B2 B3

Instrument connection for line impedance

measurement in a 400V three-phase system

B4B1

4. Connect the shuko plug into a 230V 50Hz socket or the crocodiles to the conductors of

the three-phase system (see previous pictures).

START

5. Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

STOP



At the end of the test the instrument emits a double sound signal

indicating that the test is correctly

terminated and displays the values

alongside.

Effective value of the phase to neutral prospective short circuit current expressed in Ampere calculated according to the following formula.

LOOP

1.07 Ω

P-N

223 V 214 A

Value of phase to neutral line impedance ex

ressed in Ω.

Phase to neutral effective voltage value expressed in Volt.

CAUTION

The measurement of Phase-Neutral impedance entails the following of a current of about 6A between the above said conductors. This may cause the tripping of magnetothermal RCDs with nominal value lower than 10A. If necessary effect the test upstream the RCD itself.

Calculation formula of prospective short circuit current: where UN= phase to neutral voltage 127V if V

≤ 150V; 230V if 150V < V

meas

I =

≤ 265V

meas

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 31

MACROTEST 5035

4.4.3. Mode "P-P"

1. Select P-P mode by means of the FUNC key.

2. If possible disconnect all low impedance loads downstream the point at which the

measurement is to be taken, as such an impedance would be in parallel with the line impedance to be measured.

3. Connect the 3 black, green and blue connectors of the single cables in the corresponding

input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following pictures). When using untied cables connect the crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L1 L2

L3 N

B4B1

Instrument connection for measurement of phase to phase impedance

4. Connect the crocodiles to the conductors of the three-phase system (see picture).

START

5. Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

STOP



At the end of the test the instrument emits a double sound signal

indicating that the test is correctly

terminated and displays the values

alongside.

Effective value of the phase to phase prospective short circuit current expressed in Ampere calculated according to the following formula.

LOOP

1.07 Ω

P-P

383 V 374 A

Value of phase to phase line impedance

ressed in Ω.

Phase to phase effective voltage value expressed in Volt.

CAUTION

The measurement of Phase-Phase impedance entails the following of a current of about 11.5A between the above said conductors. This may cause the tripping of magnetothermal RCDs with nominal value lower than 10A. If necessary effect the test upstream the RCD itself.

Formula for calculation of prospective short circuit current:

I =

where UN= phase to phase voltage 127V if V 230V if 150V < V 400V if V

meas

≤ 150V

meas

> 265V

≤ 265V

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 32

MACROTEST 5035

4.4.4. Mode "P-PE"

1. Select P-PE mode by means of the FUNC key.

2. Connect the 3 black, blue and green connectors of the three-terminal shuko cable or of th e

L1 L2 L3 N

B2 B3

Connection for loop impedance measurement in

a 230V single- or two-phase system

B2 B3

Connection for loop impedance measurement in

a 400V three-phase system with neutral

B4B1

L1 L2 L3

B2 B3 B4B1

Measurement of loop impedance in a 230 or 400V three-phase system without neutral

3. Connect the shuko plug into a 230V 50Hz socket or the crocodiles to the conductors of

the three-phase system (see previous pictures).

4. The instrument carries out the test verifyi ng that the contact voltage of the installation

masses relating to the current actually supplied by the instrument is not higher than the limit contact voltage value. The limit contact voltage which reference is made to is that set under one of the following functions: RCD , RCD or R

a15mA

Example: if you are effecting some tests in a medical room, the limit contact voltage is equal to 25V. The operator will switch on one of the following functions: RCD , RCD or Ra

, and select the limit contact voltage of 25V by means of ULt. At

15mA

this stage if you turn the selector on LOOP ZS/IK under mode P-PE, the instrument will refer to the limit of 25V during the test.

EN - 33

MACROTEST 5035

START

5.  Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the

STOP

test injecting a current in phase with positive half wave of the voltage indicated on display by 0°.

 Press the START/STOP key twice. The instrument carries out the

test injecting a current in phase with negative half wave of the voltage indicated on display by 180°.



At the end of the test the instrument emits a double sound signal

indicating that the test is correctly

terminated and displays the values

alongside.

Effective value of the phase to earth prospective short circuit current expressed in Ampere calculated according to the following formula.

LOOP

3.65 Ω

P-PE

221 V 63A

Value of phase to earth fault impedance ex

ressed in Ω.

Phase to earth effective voltage value expressed in Volt.

CAUTION

The measurement of Phase-PE impedance entails the following of a current of about 6A between the above said conductors. This may cause the tripping of magnetothermal RCDs with nominal current value lower. If necessary effect the test upstream the RCD itself.

Formula for calculation of prospective short circuit current:

I =

where U

= phase to earth voltage 127V if 100V < V

230V if 150V < V

meas meas

< 150V ≤ 265V

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 34

MACROTEST 5035

4.4.5. Mode " "

1. Connect the three black, red and green connectors of the untied cables in the corresponding

input terminals of the instrument B1, B2, B3 and the crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L2 L3 N

B2 B3

Instrument connection for phase sequence indication L1=black cable, L2=blue cable, L3=green cable

2. Connect the crocodiles to the three phases of the system under test. The instrument

displays the following screen (before pushing START/STOP key):

Voltage value between Phase1 and Phase2.

386 V

Voltage value between Phase3 and Phase1.

388 V 388 V

Voltage value between Phase2 and Phase3.

START

4. Press the START/STOP key to start the measurement of phase

STOP

sequence, one of the following screen will be displayed:



At the end of the test the instrument displays the values alongside in case of correct phase sequence, which means the black cable is connected to the phase1=L1, the blue cable to the phase2=L2 and green cable to the phase3=L3.



At the end of the test the instrument displays the values alongside in case of

wrong phase sequence.

CAUTION

o 213

The display of “Measuring” indicates that the instrument is effecting the measurement. During this phase do not disconnect the test leads from the instrument.

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

123

Message "123": means that the phase sequence is correct.

Message "213": means that the phase sequence is wron

EN - 35

MACROTEST 5035

4.4.6. Anomalous cases which may occur during LOOP tests in any working mode



Should the instrument detect that the phase and/or neutral cables are not connected to an installation, screen alongside is displayed when pressing START/STOP.

LOOP

P-N

Message "no VOL tAG”: a

too low voltage was detected.

VOL AG



This screen is displayed when system the phase conductor was reversed with respect to the neutral.

The instrument does not effect the test. Reverse the shuko plug and exchange the black cable with the blue one. Check the earth connection. Repeat the test.



This screen is displayed when the phase conductor was reversed with respect to the earth.

The instrument does not effect the test. Reverse the phase to earth connection in the plug under test or exchange the black cable with the green one. Repeat the test.



Should the instrument detect a voltage between phase and neutral higher of 265V, for example in case the blue cable is connected to an installation phase conductor of a 400V three-phase system, the screen alongside is displayed.



This screen is displayed when in biphase system the blue conductor was reversed with respect to the green one.

LOOP

o A

P-N

LOOP

o A

P-PE

LOOP

o Hi

P-N

VOL AG

LOOP

o A

PEN

Message “Att”: too low voltage between phase and earth.

Message “Att”: too low voltage between phase and neutral.

Message “Hi VOL tAG”: a too high voltage was

The instrument does not effect the test.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 36

MACROTEST 5035



If the instrument detects that the earth

LOOP

cable (green) is not connected, the screen alongside is displayed for 5 seconds then the initial display is back. Check the connections of PE conductor under test.

o>1999 Ω

no PE

Message “no PE”: the instrument does not detect the protection circuit.



If a contact voltage U

selected limit (U

higher than the

) is detected the

instrument interrupts the test and emits a long sound signal at the end of the

test and displays the values alongside.displays the screen alongside.

Message ">50" o “>25V”: the instrument detects a contact voltage higher than the selected limit (50V in this case).

o> 50 V

0° UL=50V

LOOP

A UL

Message "Att UL":

a too high contact voltage was detected

The instrument can display 0° or 180°



If during the test the instrument detects a lack of voltage the screen alongside is displayed.



If the thermistores of the instrument are damaged, it displays the screen alongside.



If the instrument gets overheated it does not permit to effect the tests and displays the message alongside. Wait until the instrument displays the initial screen before proceeding with measuring.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

LOOP

o c

P-P

- - - - - -

LOOP

o c

LOOP

P-P or P-N or P-PE

Messagge “hot”: the instrument is overheated.

EN - 37

MACROTEST 5035



If the instrument finds a network frequency out of range it does not permit to effect the tests and displays the message alongside.

LOOP

Message “Err SYn cro”: frequency is out of range.

SAVE

THIS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.



If under P-PE mode the instrument carries out the test and detects a resistance to higher than 1999Ω, the screen alongside is displayed.

Value of voltage existing between the instrument’s terminals phase to earth



Under mode P-P o P-N if the instrument detects a resistance higher than 199.9Ω the instrument displays the alongside screen.

Value of voltage existing between the instrument’s terminals (phase to phase if the test is P-P, phase to neutral if the test is P-N).

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

o>1999 Ω

218 V 1 A

o>199.9 Ω

P-N

218 V 1 A

LOOP

Message “>1999”: the instrument detects an earth resistance higher than 1999Ω.

Message

">199.9":

the instrument detects a line loop resistance higher than

199.9Ω.

P-N or P-P

EN - 38

MACROTEST 5035

4.4.7. Anomalous cases which may occur during phase sequence tests



In case that every delta voltages result to be lower than 100V, the instrument does not effect the test and displays the screen alongside.

Messagge “Lo VOL tAG”: the instrument has at least one too low voltage. The instrument does not effect the test.

VOL AG



If the voltage present at B1 input too low, when START/STOP is pressed the instrument displays the message alongside.

o A

Message “Att no L1”: voltage of

phase 1 is too low



If the voltage present at B2 input too low, when START/STOP is pressed the instrument displays the message alongside.

o A

Message “Att no L2”: voltage of

phase 2 is too low



If the voltage present at B3 input too low, when START/STOP is pressed the instrument displays the message alongside.



If two measurement cables were connected to the same phase conductor, when START/STOP is pressed the instrument displays the message alongside.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

o A

o ph

Message “Att no L3”: voltage of

hase 3 is too low

Message “PH double”: two cables are connected to the same phase conductor.

EN - 39

MACROTEST 5035



If one cable is not connected to the network or one phase is absent, the instrument displays the screen alongside

Black cable=L1 is not connected to one phase of the installation. Voltage between phase L3 and phase L1 is null (L3 - L1).

Black cable=L1 is not connected to one phase of the installation. Voltage between phase L1 and phase L2 is null (L1-L2).



If two or more cables of the instrument is not connected, it displays screen alongside.

0 V

0 V 388 V

Black cable= L1 is not connected to one phase of the installation. Voltage between phase L2 and phase L3 is not null (L2- L3).

0 V

SAVE

0 V 0 V

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 40

MACROTEST 5035

4.5. R

a15mA

: GLOBAL EARTH RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

Turn the switch on R

a15mA

position.

Switch on the instrument.

1. Connect the three black, blue and green connectors of the shuko cable or of the untied

cables in the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following pictures). When using untied cables connect the crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L1 L2 L3 N

B2 B3

Connection for Global Earth Resistance in a 230V

single- or two-phase system

B2 B3

Connection for Global Earth Resistance in a 400V

three-phase system with neutral

B4B1

L1 L2 L3

B2 B3 B4B1

Global Earth Resistance in a 230V or 400V three-phase system without neutral

2. Connect the shuko plug into a 230V 50Hz socket or the crocodiles to the conductors of

the three-phase system (see previous picture).

EN - 41

MACROTEST 5035

Ω

3. The key UL▼ permits to select one of the following limit values for the

UL▼

contact voltage (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):

 50V (default)  25V.

START

4. Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

STOP



At the end of the test the instrument emits a double sound signal

indicating that the test is correctly

terminated and displays the values

alongside.

Effective value of the phase to earth prospective short circuit current expressed in Ampere calculated according to the following formula. Resolution is 1A.

RCD LOOP

49 Ω

P-PE

223 V 4 A

Value of Global Earth Resistance expressed in Ω. Resolution is 1

Value of phase to earth voltage detected during the measurement. Resolution is 1V.

Note: The test permits to effect the measurement of Global Earth Resistance without

causing RCD tripping in case of RCD with rated I∆N higher than or equal to 0.03A.

Formula for the calculation of the prospective short circuit current:

I =

where UN= phase to earth voltage 127V if 100V < V

230V if 150V < V

= global earth resistance

meas meas

≤ 150V ≤ 265V

CAUTION

The display of “Measuring” indicates that the instrument is effecting the measurement. During this phase do not disconnect the test leads from the instrument.

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 42

MACROTEST 5035

4.5.1. Anomalous cases which may occur during R



Should the instrument detect that the phase and/or neutral cables are not connected to an installation, screen alongside is displayed when pressing START/STOP.

Message "no": the instrument does not effect the test because a too low voltage was detected.

P-N

VOL AG



Should the instrument detect a voltage between phase and neutral higher of 265V, for example in case the blue cable is connected to an installation

o Hi

P-N

phase conductor of a 400V three-phase system, the screen alongside is

VOL AG

displayed.



This screen is displayed when the

RCD LOOP

phase conductor was reversed with respect to the neutral.

o A

P-N

A15mA

RCD LOOP

tests

RCD LOOP

Message no VOL tAG: a too low

voltage was detected.

Message “Hi VOL tAG”: a too high voltage was detected

Message "ATT": voltage between phase and earth is too low.

The instrument does not effect the test. Reverse the shuko plug or exchange the black cable with the blue one. Repeat the test



This screen is displayed when the phase conductor was reversed with respect to the earth.

The instrument does not effect the test. Reverse the phase to earth connection in the plug under test or exchange the black cable with the green one. Repeat the test.



This screen is displayed when in biphase system the blue conductor was reversed with respect to the green one.

The instrument does not effect the test.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

RCD LOOP

o A

P-PE

RCD LOOP

o A

PEN

Message "Att": voltage between phase and neutral is too low.

EN - 43

MACROTEST 5035

(



If the instrument detects that the earth cable (green) is not connected, the screen alongside is displayed for 5 seconds then the initial display is back. Check the connections of PE conductor under test.

RCD LOOP

o>1999 Ω

no PE

Message "no PE": the instrument does not detect the protection circuit.



If a contact voltage U

selected limit (U

higher than the

) is detected the

instrument interrupts the test and emits a long sound signal at the end of the

test and displays the values alongside.displays the screen alongside.

Message ">50" o “>25V”: the instrument detects a contact voltage higher than the selected limit

50V in this case)

RCD LOOP

o> 50 V

A UL

Message "Att UL": a too high contact voltage was detected



If no power is detected during the test

RCD LOOP

the instrument displays the screen alongside.

o c



If the thermistores of the instrument are damaged, it displays the screen alongside.



If the instrument gets overheated it does not permit to effect the tests and displays the message alongside. Wait until the instrument displays the initial screen before proceeding with measuring.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

- - - - - -

RCD LOOP

o c

RCD LOOP

Messagge “hot”: the instrument is overheated.

EN - 44

MACROTEST 5035



If under P-PE mode the instrument caries out the test and detects a global

earth resistance to higher than

1999Ω, the screen alongside is

displayed for 5 seconds then the initial display is back.

RCD LOOP

o>1999 Ω

P-PE

Message ">1999": the

instrument detects an earth resistance higher than 1999Ω.

Value of contact voltage Ut detected referred to the carried out value of the RCD current set. Resolution 1V.

31 V 0 A

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

4.6. EARTH ρ: EARTH RESISTANCE AND RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS

Turn the switch on EARTH ρ position.

Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):

 Mode “2P” (the instrument measures earth resistance between 2 points).  Mode “3P” (the instrument measures earth resistance using two auxiliary

earth rods).

 Mode “ρ“ (the instrument measures earth resistivity).

The resistance is measured with a 4-cables voltamperometric method, so the value measured is not depending on the utilized cables. For this reason this method doesn’t need any cables calibration.

If the cables weren’t long enough, lengthen them or utilize cables longer than the standard ones. Pay attention to always lengthen each cable separate from each one other.

EN - 45

MACROTEST 5035

play

4.6.1. Measurement procedure for "2P" test mode

1. Select "2P" earth measurement mode by means of the F1 key.

2. Connect the B lac k , Red, Green and Blue cables to the corresponding input terminals of the

instrument B1, B2, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following picture).

3. Connect the black, and green cables to the earth plant and red and blue cables to the

auxiliary rod.

B2 B3

B4B1

2 points earth resistance measurement

START

4. Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

STOP



At the end of the test the instrument displays the values alongside.

EARTH

Measured resistance value

0.96 Ω

Average value of earth resistance calculated over the number of test dis

ed.

2P 0.93 Ω

CAUTION

Mode “2P”.

The display of “Measuring” means that the instrument is measuring. During this phase never disconnect test leads.

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

Note: If START/STOP key was kept pressed, the instrument takes more consecutive

tests.

5. When a new value is acquired the instrument emits a short sound and calculates the

new average value.

6. Press DISP key to show how many measurements are in average value

DISP

calculation and the measuring mode.

7. Press CLR key if you want to cancel the medium value of the resistance

CLR

and the no. of measurements which are included in the calculation.

EN - 46

MACROTEST 5035

When the environmental conditions preclude the “3P” measurement mode, as for example in the city center, In TT plants is possible to measure the earth resistance with the simplified “2P” method that gives an higher value than the “3P” mode does. An auxiliary rod is necessary, it must have an unimportant earth resistance and must be independent by the earth plant under test. In the picture is shown a water tube as auxiliary rod, but it could be replaced by any metallic object fixed to the ground.

Example: if the operator takes three consecutive measurements, the instrument displays

1st measurement:

main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.90Ω) secondary display on the left-hand side = 001 (no. of measurements = 1 means that 1 earth measurement has been taken) secondary display = average of the measurements taken (in case just one measurement has been taken the medium value is equal to the measured value, in this case 0.90Ω)

2nd measurement:

main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.96Ω) secondary display = average of the measurements taken ((Val1+Val2)/no. of measurements = (0.90+0.96)/2 = 0.93Ω)

3rd measurement:

main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.93Ω) secondary display = average of the measurements taken ((Val1+Val2)/no. of measurements = (0.90+0.96+0.93)/3 = 0.93Ω)

Note: Any test with result over 1999Ω is not inserted in the calculation of medium value.

Example: 1st measurement:

main display: 1,07Ω secondary display: 1,07Ω

2nd measurement

main display: 4,15Ω secondary display: 2,61Ω

measurement (not inserted in the medium value)

main display: >1999Ω secondary display: 2,61Ω

EN - 47

MACROTEST 5035

4.6.1.1. Earth resistance measurement from a socket

On TT installations it’s possible to take an earth measurement with a simplified method, which gives an excess value (therefore safer), using the NEUTRAL of the national Energy Board taken directly from a socket as an auxiliary rod; if also the earth connection is available, naturally the measurement can be taken on the socket directly, between NEUTRAL and EARTH. Although this test is not provided for by CEI 64.8 at present, it gives a value which many 3wires comparison tests proved to be revealing for earth resistance.

B2 B3

B4B1

Earth measurement with simplified method on panel board

WARNING

• If you want to take the measurement using the neutral and the earth of a normal socket, you may happen to connect to the phase. In this case the

display will show the voltage, the symbol (wrong inserting) and won’t take any measurement even if START/STOP is pressed

• The display of “Measuring” means that the instrument is measuring. During this phase never disconnect test leads

EN - 48

MACROTEST 5035

the number of test displayed

4.6.2. Measurement procedure for "3P" test mode

The measurement is taken according to what prescribed for CEI 64.8, IEC 781, VDE 0413, EN61557-5.

1. Select "3P" earth measurement mode by means of the F1 key.

2. Connect the B lac k , Red, Green and Blue cables to the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B2, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following picture).

3. Connect the black, and green cables to the earth plant and red and blue cables to the auxiliary rods.

B4B1

3 points earth resistance measurement

Measuring small earth plants, current probe must be positioned a distance from the earth equipment outline corresponding to five times the diagonal of the area of the earth equipment under test, measuring big earth plants this distance could be reduced up to one time the diagonal.

START

4. Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

STOP



At the end of the test the instrument displays the values alongside.

EARTH

Measured resistance value

0.96 Ω

Average value of earth resistance calculated over

2P 0.93 Ω

CAUTION

Mode “2P”.

SAVE

The display of “Measuring” means that the instrument is measuring. During this phase never disconnect test leads.

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 49

MACROTEST 5035

Note: If START/STOP key was kept pressed, the instrument takes more consecutive

tests.

5. When a new value is acquired the instrument emits a short sound and calculates the new average value.

6. Press DISP key to show how many measurements are in average value

DISP

calculation and the measuring mode.

CLR

7. Press CLR key if you want to cancel the medium value of the resistance

and the no. of measurements which are included in the calculation.

Example: if the operator takes three consecutive measurements, the instrument displays

1st measurement:

2nd measurement:

main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.96Ω) secondary display = average of the measurements taken ((Val1+Val2)/no. of measurements = (0.90+0.96)/2 = 0.93Ω)

3rd measurement:

main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.93Ω) secondary display = average of the measurements taken ((Val1+Val2)/no. of measurements = (0.90+0.96+0.93)/3 = 0.93Ω)

Note: Any test with result over 1999Ω is not inserted in the calculation of medium value.

Example: 1st measurement:

main display: 1,07Ω secondary display: 1,07Ω

2nd measurement

main display: 4,15Ω secondary display: 2,61Ω

3rd measurement (not inserted in the medium value)

main display: >1999Ω secondary display: 2,61Ω

EN - 50

MACROTEST 5035

4.6.3. Measurement procedure for "ρ" test mode

The earth resistivity is a very useful parameter, its value could help the designer to correctly size the earth rods in an earth plant.

The measurement is taken according to what prescribed for CEI 64.8, IEC 781, VDE 0413, EN61557-5

1. Select "ρ" earth measurement mode by means of the F1 key.

2. Connect the B lac k , Red, Green and Blue cables to the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B2, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following picture).

3. Connect the cables to the auxiliary rods (see connections in the following picture).

B2 B3 B4B1

Earth resistivity measurement

4. To select the distance DIST between the rods. This parameter can take

Un/I∆n DIST

the following values (expressed in meters): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.



At the end of the test the instrument

-ρ

displays the values alongside.

5 m

SE LE

Distance between the rods set value.

UL▼

5. Press UL▼ and S▲s keys to select the distance value.

S▲

6. Press ESC key to leave this menu confirming the settings.

7. Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

RCL

ESC

START

STOP

EN - 51

MACROTEST 5035



At the end of the test the instrument

displays the values alongside.

Earth resistivity value

36.5 Ωm

2 0.93 Ω

CAUTION

The display of “Measuring” means that the instrument is measuring. During this phase never disconnect test leads.

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

Note: If START/STOP key was kept pressed, the instrument takes more consecutive

tests.

8. When a new value is acquired the instrument emits a short sound and calculates the new average value.

9. Press DISP key to show how many measurements are in average value

DISP

calculation and the measuring mode.

10. Press CLR key if you want to cancel the medium value of the resistance

CLR

and the no. of measurements which are included in the calculation.

Note: Any test with result over 1999Ω is not inserted in the calculation of medium value.

Example: 1

measurement (D=1):

main display: 6,6Ωm secondary display: 6,6Ωm

2nd measurement (D=1):

main display: 4,15Ω secondary display: 2,61Ω

3rd measurement (not inserted in the medium value)

main display: >1999Ω secondary display: 2,61Ω

EN - 52

MACROTEST 5035

4.6.4. Anomalous cases which may occur during EARTH ρ tests



If the voltmetric circuit (red and green cables) is interrupted, when pressing START/STOP the instrument doesn’t manage to read the minimum voltage, therefore a screen similar to the one beside appears. Make sure that the terminals are connected correctly and that the voltmetric rod (red conductor) has not been driven into a gravely or scarcely conductive ground. If necessary, pour water around the rod.



If the amperometric circuit is interrupted, when pressing START/STOP the instrument doesn’t manage to read the minimum current, therefore a screen similar to the one beside appears. Make sure that the terminals are connected correctly and that the amperometric rod (blue conductor) has not been driven into a gravely or scarcely conductive ground. If necessary, pour water around the rod.



In case both the amperometric circuit and the voltmetric circuit are interrupted, when pressing START/STOP the instrument doesn’t manage to read the minimum current nor the minimum voltage, therefore a screen similar to the one beside appears. Make sure that the terminals are connected correctly and that the amperometric and voltmetric rods (blue and red conductors) has not been driven into a gravely or scarcely conductive ground. If necessary, pour water around the rod.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

o - - -

P - - -

o - - -

- - - c

o - - -

P c

rP indicates an high resistance value.

rC indicates an high resistance value.

rC and rP indicate a high resistance value both for the voltmetric circuit and for the amperometric circuit.

EN - 53

MACROTEST 5035



If the instrument measures an

interfering voltage higher than 30V

on the amperometric circuit, it

doesn’t perform the test and a screen similar to the one beside appears.

Voltage value on the amperometric circuit

o 31 V

VOL AG

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.



If the resistance measured is higher than the full scale of the instrument, when pressing START/STOP the instrument performs the test and a

o >1999 Ω

1999Ω is the full scale of the instrument.

screen similar to the one beside appears.

- - - - - -



If the resistivity measurement is higher than the following value 1999x6.28x(distance between the rods selected), when pressing START/STOP the instrument performs the test and a screen similar to the one beside appears.

o> 1999 Ω

- - - - - -

1999Ω is the full scale of the instrument.

SAVE

SAVING: The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice

(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 54

MACROTEST 5035

5. OPERATIONS WITH MEMORY

5.1. SAVING MEASUREMENTS

If the results relative to the tests effected are to be stored you can proceed as follows:

SAVE

1. Press the SAVE key once.



If the memory of the instrument is not

empty it displays the screen alongside.

Number of the memory location in which the measurement results will be stored.

MEM

Value of the parameter PLA related to the

Pla 02

measurement to be saved.

UL▼

2. Use the UL▼, S▲s keys to incr ease or diminish the value of the PLA

S▲

parameter to be related to the measurement which is to be saved. This parameter helps the operator to classify the tests effected.

Example: if the tests are to be carried out in a building, the operator

can associate the measurements effected in a room with a given value of the parameter PLA. In this way different value of the parameter PLA will correspond to different rooms.

SAVE

3. Press the SAVE key again, the instrument emits two sound signals

confirming that the test results have been stored.

RCL

ESC

Press RCL/ESC key at any time to leave the memory menu and go back to the measurement selected.

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5.2. RECALL MEASUREMENTS

If you want to recall the stored test results proceed as follows:

RCL

1. Press the RCL/ESC key.

ESC



If the memory of the instrument is not

MEM

empty it displays the screen alongside.

Number of the memory location in which the measurement results were stored.

Pla 02

Value of the parameter PLA related to the saved measurement

UL▼

2. Use the UL▼, S▲s keys to select the memory location number to be

S▲s

displayed.

3. Press the DISP key to display the test result related to the selected

DISP

memory location. If a RCD AUTO mode was selected, press DISP key another time to scroll all the data stored.

UL▼t

4. Use the UL▼, S▲s keys again if you want to display again the numbers

S▲ s

of memory locations.

RCL

ESC

Press RCL/ESC key at any time to leave the memory menu and go back to the measurement selected.

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5.3. CLEAR MEMORY

If you want to cancel the stored tests results proceed as follows:

RCL

1. Press the RCL/ESC key. The instrument displays a screen like the

ESC

following:

Number of the memory location in which the measurement results were stored.

MEM

Value of the parameter PLA related to the saved measurement.

UL▼t

Pla 02

2. Use the UL▼, S▲ keys to select the number of the memory location.

S▲s

ATTENTION: the instrument will cancel all the results stored from the memory location

selected to the last one full.

3. Press the DISP key to display the test result related to the memory

DISP

location selected. In case that a few results were stored in the memory location (Ex: RCD test under AUTO mode) it is necessary to press DISP more than once to display them

CLR

4. Press CLR once. The blinking symbol "clr" is displayed. Now you face

two possibilities:

Last location with data stored number.

MEM

C i

The instrument cancels the memory cells from n.2 to n.8, where n.2 is the one selected by the operator while n.8 is the last test saved in the instrument.

02 08

CLR

Press CLR again if the tests selected are to be cancelled starting from the one selected down to the last one saved.

RCL

ESC

Press RCL/ESC to nullify the clearing phase. The blinking symbol "clr" disappears.

RCL

ESC

Press RCL/ESC key at any time to leave the memory menu and go back to the measurement selected.

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6. RESET OF THE INSTRUMENT AND DEFAULT PARAMETERS

BEFORE OF A RESET PROCEDURE DOWNLOAD THE STORED TESTS ON A PC

6.1. RESET PROCEDURE

1. Press at the same time the keys DISP, CLR, RCL and then ignite the instrument.

The screen nearby is displayed

for 5 seconds, after which the

instrument emits a sound signal and then displays the screen relative to the function selected with the rotary switch.

ATTENTION: the reset procedure will cancel all the stored tests and it will set the

default parameters in the instrument.

6.2. DEFAULT PARAMETERS

After a RESET the default parameters set on the instrument are:

Function Parameter RESET default parameter

Mode AUTO

LOWΩ

Calibration Offset

Mode R+/R- TIMER

TIMER is set at 1s

Mode MAN

MΩ

RCD type

A/AC

LOOP ZS/IK

EARTH ρ

Memory

Test voltage 500V

Mode TIMER TIMER is set at 60s

Mode x1

Test differential current 30mA

Contact voltage limit 50V

Mode P-N

Parameter DIST DIST = 1

Parameter PLA P = 1

Memory state 0

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7. INSTRUMENT CONNECTION TO A PC

The connection between PC and instrument is realized through the serial port and optical serial cable, provided with the software package.

Before effecting the connection it is necessary to select the COM port used for the transmission. To set this parameter start the software and look up the help on line.

ATTENTION: The selected port shall NOT be shared by other devices or applications

(example mouse, modem, etc.)..

To transfer the stored data from the instrument to the PC keep to the following procedure:

1. Turn the switch on position RS232.

2. The item "Ser" appear at display as shown in herewith picture. Then proceed according to the software instruction manual to transfer the

measurements effected.



The communication between instrument and PC occurs.

Note: The right download speed is: 9600 baud (see software instruction manual).

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8. MAINTENANCE

8.1. GENERAL

1. The tester you have purchased is a precision instrument. Strictly follow the instructions for use and storage reported in this manual to avoid any possible damage or danger during use.

2. Do not use this tester under unfavorable conditions of high temperature or humidity. Do not expose to direct sunlight.

3. Be sure to turn off the tester after use. If the instrument is not to be used for a long period you are recommended to remove batteries to avoid acid leakage which may damage the internal circuits of the instrument.

8.2. BATTERY REPLACEMENT

When the symbol is displayed batteries are to be replaced.

Only skilled technicians can perform this operation. Before replacing batteries make sure that all test leads have been disconnected from input terminals. The

instrument is capable of keeping the data stored even though batteries are

not installed

1. Switch OFF the instrument.

2. Remove all the test leads from the input terminals.

3. Unscrew the fixing screws from the battery compartment cover and remove it.

4. Remove all batteries replacing them with 6 new ones of the same type (1.5V – LR6 – AA – AM3 – MN 1500) respecting the polarity signs.

5. Fix the screws on the battery compartment cover. Then put the holster on.

8.3. CLEANING

Use a soft dry cloth to clean the instrument. Never use wet cloths, solvents, water, etc.

8.4. END OF LIFE

CAUTION

CAUTION: this symbol indicates that equipment and its accessories shall be

subject to a separate collection and correct disposal.

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9. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

9.1. TECHNICAL FEATURES

Accuracy is indicated as [% of reading + number of digits]. It refers to the atmospheric conditions listed in paragraph 9.2.1.

Continuity (LOWΩ)

Test mode

AUTO, R+TIMER, R-TIMER

Test current >200mA DC up to 5Ω (include the resistance of the calibration) Test current resolution 1mA Open circuit Test Voltage 6V < V

Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω)

0,01 – 19,99 0,01

20,0 – 99,9 0,1

< 12V

Insulation resistance (R

Test voltage (V)

100

250

500

1000

ISO

)

Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω)

0,01 - 19,99 0,01

20,0 - 49,9 0,1 50,0 - 99,9 0,1

0,01 - 19,99 0,01

20,0 - 99,9 0,1

100,0 - 199,9 0,1

0,01 - 19,99 0,01 20,0 - 199,9 0,1

200 - 249 1

250 - 499 1 0,01 - 19,99 0,01 20,0 - 199,9 0,1

200 - 499 1

500 - 999 1 0,01 - 19,99 0,01 20,0 - 199,9 0,1

200 - 999 1 1000 - 1999 1

Accuracy

±(2% rdg + 2 dgt)

Accuracy

±(2% rdg + 2 dgt) ±(5% rdg + 2 dgt) ±(2% rdg + 2 dgt) ±(5% rdg + 2 dgt)

±(2% rdg + 2 dgt) ±(5% rdg + 2 dgt) ±(2% rdg + 2 dgt) ±(5% rdg + 2 dgt) ±(2% rdg + 2 dgt) ±(5% rdg + 2 dgt)

Automatic selection of the measuring range Open circuit voltage Rated voltage test –0% +10% Short circuit current <6,0mA with 500V set Rated measuring current >2,2mA with 500V on 230kΩ 1mA a 1KΩ x V

(≠ 500 V)

NOM

RCD tripping tests (RCD

or RCD )

RCD type AC, A General and Selective Range of phase to earth voltage 100 ÷ 265V 50Hz + 0.5 Hz Rated tripping currents (I∆N) 10mA, 30mA, 100mA, 300mA, 500mA

0 ÷ 2U

)

t lim

0,1 -0%, +(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

Contact voltage (U

Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy

Ut lim (UL): 25V o 50V

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∆

Tripping time (t∆N)

Measuring range (ms) Resolution (ms) Accuracy

½ I∆N, I∆N 1÷999

1÷200 general

2 I

∆N

1÷250 selective

RCD (*) 1÷50 general

5 I

∆N

±(2% rdg + 2 dgt)

1÷160 selective

(*) ”Man 5 I∆n” and “AUTO” test modes aren’t available for RCD type A 500mA

- Earth resistance R

Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω)

Test current 0.5 I∆N set in Ut test mode 15mA in Ra 15mA test

without RCD tripping

1 ÷ 1999

Accuracy

1 -0%, +(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

Tripping current for RCD type A and AC

General RCD with I∆N ≤ 10mA

RCD type

Measuring range I

(0,5

1,4) I

(0,5

2,4) I

N N

(mA)

Resolution (mA) Accuracy

0,1 I

-0%, +10% I∆N

∆N

General RCD with I∆N > 10mA

RCD type

Measuring range I

(0,5

1,4) I

(0,5

2) I

(mA)

AC voltage

Measuring range (V) Resolution (V) Accuracy

0 ÷ 460

Frequency

Measuring range (Hz) Resolution (Hz) Accuracy

47,0 ÷ 63,6

Line impedance (phase to phase or phase to neutral)

Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω)

0,01 ÷ 19,99 20,0 ÷ 199,9

Max peak test current 127V 3,65A 230V 6,64A 400V 11,5A Phase to phase test voltage 100 ÷ 460V 50Hz ±0,5Hz Phase to neutral test voltage 100 ÷ 265V 50Hz ±0,5Hz

Fault loop impedance

Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω)

0,01 ÷ 19,99 20,0 ÷ 199,9

200 ÷ 1999

Max peak test current 127V 3,65A 230V 6,64A Phase to earth test voltage 100 ÷ 265V 5 0Hz ±0,5Hz

Resolution (mA) Accuracy

0,1 I

-0%, +10% I∆N

∆N

0,1

0,01

0,1

±(3% rdg + 2 dgt)

±(0,1% rdg + 1 dgt)

±(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

0,01

0,1

±(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

Accuracy

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Ω

Global earth resistance (R

Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω)

1 ÷ 1999

Test current 15mA Phase to earth test voltage 100 ÷ 265V 50Hz ±0,5Hz

a15mA

)

Accuracy

±(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

Earth resistance measurement with voltamperometric method

Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ω)

0,01 ÷ 19,99 20,0 ÷ 199,9

200 ÷ 1999

Test current <10mA 77,5Hz Open load test voltage <20V RMS

0,01

0,1

Accuracy

±(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

Earth resistivity ρ measurement

Measuring range (Ω) Resolution (Ωm)

0.06 ÷ 19,99 Ωm 0,01

20.0 ÷ 199.9 Ωm 0.1 200 ÷ 1999 Ωm 1

2,00 ÷ 19,99 kΩm 0.01 kΩm

20.0 ÷ 125,5 kΩm (*) 0.1 kΩm

(*) with D = 10m Test current <10mA 77,5Hz Open load test voltage <20V RMS

Accuracy

±(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

9.1.1. Safety standards

The instrument complies with: IEC/EN 61010-1 + A2(1997) Product norms: IEC/EN61557-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6 Insulation: double insulation Pollution level: 2 Inside use; max height: 2000m (6562 ft) Overvoltage category: CAT III 460V∼ B1-B2-B3-B4 / 265V∼ to earth

9.1.2. General specifications Mechanical features

Dimensions: 222(L) x 165(La) x 105(H)mm ; 9(L) x 6(W) x 4(H) in Weight (batteries included): 1200g (42 ounces)

Power supply

Battery type: 6 batteries 1.5 V – LR6 – AA – AM3 – MN 1500 Low battery indication: The symbol

is displayed when the battery

voltage is too low. Battery life: About 40 hours in stand-by or 500 LowΩ tests or 250 R

tests 500V/500kΩ or

ISO

1000 Loop, RCD o phase sequence tests 300 Earth or ρ tests.

Display: LCD custom 65mmx65mm Memory: 350 tests Serial interface: optoisolated RS232 to download stored data to a PC.

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9.2. ENVIRONMENT

9.2.1. Environmental working conditions

Reference temperature: 23° ± 5°C ; (73°F ± 41°F) Working temperature: 0°C ÷ 40 °C ; (32°F ÷ 104°F) Relative humidity allowed: <80%RH Storage temperature: -10 ÷ 60 °C ; (14°F ÷ 140°F) Storage humidity: <80%RH

This instrument complies with the requirements of the European Low Voltage

Directives 2006/95/CEE and EMC 2004/108/CEE

9.3. ACCESSORIES

The accessories provided with the instrument depend on the model purchased according to the following table. The accessory is named standard when it is sold together with the instrument in a single package.

Standard accessories

Description Code Description Code

Set with 4 cables, 4 crocodiles and 2 test leads

Bag with 4 cables banana/banana and 4 rods

KITGSC5

KITTERRNE

Shuko cable C2033X Software +

optical/USB cable

TOPVIEW2006

Carrying case BORSA2050

Calibration certificate User manual

Optional accessories

Set for carrying belt CN0050 High Resolution Impedance Tester IMP57

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10. SERVICE

10.1. WARRANTY CONDITIONS

This instrument is guaranteed against any defect in material and manufacturing in compliance with the general sales terms and conditions. Throughout the period of guarantee all defective parts may be replaced and the manufacturer reserves the right to repair or replace the product.

If the instrument is to be returned to the after-sales service or to a dealer transportation costs are on the customer’s behalf. Shipment shall be however agreed upon. A report must always be enclosed to a rejected product stating the reasons of its return. To ship the instrument use only the original packaging material; any damage that may be due to no-original packing shall be charged to the customer. The manufacturer declines any responsibility for damages caused to persons and/or objects.

Warranty is not applied in the following cases:  Any repair that might be necess ary as a consequence of a misuse of the instrument or

of its use with no compatible devices.

 Any repair that might be necessary as a consequence of improper packaging.  Any repair that might be necessary as a consequence of service actions carried out by

unauthorized personnel.

 Any modification of the instrument carried out without the authorization of the

manufacturer.

 Use not provided for in the instrument’s specifications or in the instruction manual. The content of this manual cannot be reproduced in any form whatsoever without prior

authorization of the manufacturer.

NOTE All our products are patented and their trade marks registered. The

manufacturer reserves the right to modify the product specifications

and prices if this is aimed at technological improvements

10.2. SERVICE

If the instrument does not operate properly, before contacting the after-sales service check cables as well as test leads and replace them if necessary. Should the instrument still operate improperly check that the operation procedure is correct and conforms with the instructions given in this manual.

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11. PRACTICAL REPORTS FOR ELECTRICAL TESTS

11.1. LOWΩ: CONTINUITY MEASUREMENT OF PROTECTIVE CONDUCTORS

Check the continuity of: a) protective conductors (PE), main equalizing potential conductors (EQP), secondary

equalizing potential conductors (EQS) in TT and TN-S systems.

b) neutral conductors having functions of protective conductors (PEN) in TN-C system. NOTE: This test is to be preceded by a visual check verifying the existence of yellow-

green protective and equalizing potential conductors as well as compliance of the sections used with the standards’ requirements.

INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED

Connect one of the test lead to the protective conductor of the FM socket and the other to the equalising potential node of the earth installation.

Connect one of the test lead to the external mass (in this case the water pipe) and the other to the earth installation using for example the protective conductor of the closest FM socket.

Examples for continuity measurement on conductors

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Check the continuity among: a) earth poles of all the plugs and earth collector or node. b) earth terminals of class I instruments (Boiler etc.) and earth collector or node. c) main external masses (water, gas pipes etc.) and earth collector or node. d) auxiliary external masses to the earth terminal.

ALLOWABLE VALUES The standards CEI 64-8/6 do not give any indication on the maximum resistance values which cannot be overcome, in order to be able to declare the positive outcome of the continuity test.

The standard CEI 64-8/6 simply requires that the instrument in use warns the operator if the test was not carried out with a current of at least 0.2 A and an open circuit voltage ranging from 4 V to 24 V.

The resistance values can be calculated according to the sections and lengths of the conductors under test, anyway if the instrument detects values of some ohm the test can be considered as passed.

11.2. INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT PURPOSE OF THE TEST

Check that the insulation resistance of the installation complies with the requirements of standards CEI 64-8/6.

NOTA: This test is to be effected on an open circuit with any load disconnected.

INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED

a) Between each active conductor and the earth (the neutral conductor is considered an

active conductor except in the case of TN-C systems where it is considered part of the earth (PEN). During this measurement all active conductors can be connected to each other, in case the measurement result does not fall within the standard limits the test is to be repeated for each single conductor.

b) Among active conductors. The standard CEI 64-8/6 recommends to check the

insulation among the active conductors when this is possible (ATTENTION).

ALLOWABLE VALUES

The values of test voltage and minimum insulation resistance are reported in the following table (CEI64-8/6 Tab. 61A):

Rated circuit voltage (V) Test voltage (V)

SELV and PELV* 250 Up to 500 V included, except for the

above circuits.

500

Over 500 V 1000

Insulation resistance (MΩ)

≥0.250 ≥0.500

≥1.000

* In the new standards the terms SELV and PELV replace the old definitions "safety low

voltage" or "functional".

Test voltage values and relative limit values for the most common kinds of test.

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EXAMPLE OF INSULATION MEASUREMENT ON AN INSTALLATION

SWITCH A

SWITCH B SWITCH C

OPEN

SWITCH D

SWITCH E

OPEN OPEN

Insulation measurements on an installation.

A procedure indicating how to effect the insulation resistance measurement on an installation is reported in the following table:

ATTENTION: If the installation includes electronic devices, disconnect them from the

installation and in case this is impossible only the test "a" is to be effected, that is to say between active conductors (which in this case SHALL be connected together) and the earth.

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Switch situation Point under test Measurement result Judgment on the installation

Turn the switch

A, l D and E off

Effect the measurement

on switch A

If R ≥ R If R< R

If R ≥ R

Turn the switch

B off

Effect the measurement

on switch A

If R< R

If R ≥ R

Effect the measurement

on switch B

If R< R

If R ≥ R

Turn the switch

C off

Effect the measurement

on switch B

If R< R

If R ≥ R

Effect the measurement

on switch C

If R< R

LIMIT

☺ OK (end of the test)

Proceed  2 Proceed  3

 The insulation level between A

and B switches is too low, restore it and effect the measurement another time.

☺ OK (end of the test)  The insulation level after B

switch is too low. Proceed  4

Proceed  5

 The insulation level between B

and C switches is too low, restore it and effect the measurement another time.

☺ OK (end of the test)  The insulation level after B

switch is too low, restore it and effect the measurement another time.

Procedure steps for insulation measurement referred to the installation reported in

NOTE: The switches D and E are those installed near the load having the purpose of

separating it from the installation. In case the above said RCDs do not exist, or they are monophase, it is necessary to disconnect the users from the installation before effecting the insulation resistance test.

NOTE: If the circuit is quite large the conductors running side by side make up a capacity

which is to be charged by the instrument in order to carry out a correct measurement; in this case it is recommended to keep the START/STOP key pressed (in case a test is effected under manual mode) until the result gets stable.

ATTENTION: When you effect measurements among active conductors it is essential to

disconnect all the users (alarm lamps, intercom transformers, boilers etc) otherwise the instrument will measure their resistance instead of the installation insulation. Moreover any insulation resistance test among active conductors could damage them.

The indication "> 999MΩ" or “o.r.” (out of range) warns that the insulation resistance measured by the instrument is higher than the maximum resistance limit (see technical specifications); this result is obviously far higher than the minimum limits of the above table therefore if during a test this symbol is displayed the insulation of that point is to be considered in compliance with standards.

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11.3. CHECK OF THE CIRCUIT SEPARATION

The test, to be effected in case the protection is realized through separation (SELV or PELV or electrical separation), shall check that the insulation resistance measured according to the indications below (depending on the separation type) complies with the limits reported in the table relative to the insulation measurements.

INSTALLATIONPARTS TO BE CHECKED

• SELV system (Safety Extra Low Voltage):

 measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)

and the active parts of the other circuits.

 measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)

and the earth.

The resistance shall not be lower than 0.25MΩ with a test voltage of 250VDC.

• PELV system (Protective Extra Low Voltage):

 measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)

and the active parts of the other circuits.

The resistance shall not be lower than 0.25MΩ with a test voltage of 250VDC.

• Electrical separation:

 measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)

and the active parts of the other circuits.

 measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)

and the earth.

The resistance shall not be lower than 0.5MΩ with a test voltage of 500VDC and 1MΩ with a test voltage of 1000VDC.

ALLOWABLE VALUES

The test result is positive when the insulation resistance indicates values higher or equal to those indicated in the table reported in the section relative to insulation tests.

Please note that:

A SELV system is a system of category zero or very low safety voltage featured by: autonomous source (ex. batteries, small generator) or safety (ex. safety transformer) power supply, protection separation to other electrical systems (double or reinforced insulation or a metal screen connected to the earth) and no earthed points (insulated from the earth).

A PELV system is a system of category zero or very low safety voltage featured by: autonomous source (ex. batteries, small generator) or safety (ex. safety transformer) power supply, protection separation to other electrical systems (double or reinforced insulation or a metal screen connected to the earth) and there are earthed points (not insulated from the earth).

A system with Electrical separation is featured by: insulation transformer or autonomous source with equivalent features (ex. generator) power supply, protection separation to other electrical systems (insulation not lower than that of the insulation transformer)and protection separation to the earth (insulation not lower than that of the insulation.

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EXAMPLE OF CHECKING THE SEPARATION AMONG ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

Insula ti o n or saf e ty tra n sfo r m er ma k in g the separation among the circuits.

TEST AMONG THE ACTIVE PARTS

Connect a test lead of the instrument to one of the two conductors of the separate circuit and the other to one of the conductors of a no separate circuit.

Between active parts of the separated circuit...

...and among those others circuits

EQUALIZING POTENTIAL NODE

TEST BETWEEN ACTIVE PARTS AND THE EARTH

Connect a test lead of the instrument to one of the two conductors of the separate circuit a nd t he ot her to the equalising potential node. This test is to be effected only for SELV circuits or with electrical separation.

…and Earth installation

Measurement of separation among the installation circuits

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11.4. WORKING TEST OF RCDS (RCD, RCD/DC, RCD S, RCD/DC S)

Check whether general and selective RCDs have been installed and adjusted properly and whether they maintain their features over the time. The check shall confirm that the RCD trips at a current I∆ lower than its rated working current I∆n and that the tripping time meets, depending on the case, the following conditions:

• does not exceed the maximum time provided by the standards in case of general ty pe

RCDs (according to table).

• is included between the minimum tripping time and the maximum one in case of

selective type RCDs (according to table).

The RCD test effected by means of the test key is aimed at preventing “the gluing effect” from compromising the working of the RCD which has been inactive for a long time; therefore this test is effected only to verify the mechanical working of the RCD and it does not permit to declare that the RCD is complying with the standards. According to a statistical survey the periodical check, once a month, of the RCDs by means of the test key reduces by one half the RCD fault rate, this test however detects only 24% of defective RCDs.

INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED

All the RCDs shall be tested when installed. In the low voltage installations the test is recommended to grant an acceptable safety level.

Note In case the earth installation is not available effect the test connecting the

instrument with one terminal on a conductor downstream the RCD and one terminal on the other conductor upstream the RCD itself.

ALLOWABLE VALUES

To compare the measurements make reference to the table reporting the limits for the tripping times. On each RCD it is necessary to effect: a test with leakage current in phase with voltage and a leakage current phase shifted by 180° with respect to the voltage. The highest time is to be considered as significant result. The test at ½I∆n SHALL NEVER cause the RCD tripping.

NOTE:

Before effecting the test at the RCD rated current the instrument carries out a test at ½I

∆n

to measure the contact voltage and the overall earth resistance; if during this test the RCD trips the indication l "rcd" is displayed. During this test the RCD may trip for three possible reasons: a) The RCD tripping current is lower than ½I∆n. b) An earth plate is already present on the installation which added to the earth

generated by the instrument causes the RCD tripping.

c) There is no earth installation. If during measurement of contact voltage the voltage detected is higher than the safety

value (50V or 25V) the test is interrupted; proceeding with the test under such conditions would mean to keep the contact voltage applied to all the metal masses connected to the earth for a too long time resulting to be dangerous.

Among the test results of the RCD tripping time also the earth resistance value Ra is displayed in Ω, this value for the TN and IT systems is not to be considered while for the

TT systems it is merely indicative.

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11.5. RCD TRIPPING TIME TEST

Check the real tripping time of the general RCDs (it does not apply to the selective RCDs).

INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED

When facing RCDs with tripping current to be selected it is useful to effect this test to check the real RCD tripping current. For RCDs with fixed differential current this test can be effected to detect any leakage of the installation users. In case the earth installation is not available effect the test connecting one instrument ‘s terminal on a conductor downstream the RCD and one terminal on the other conductor upstream the RCD itself.

ALLOWABLE VALUES

The tripping current shall range from ½I∆n to I∆n.

NOTE:

Make reference to the notes of the previous chapter too. To check whether significant leakage currents are present on the installation operate as

follows: a) After deactivating all the loads effect the tripping current measurement and take note

of the value.

b) Activate the loads and effect a new measurement of the tripping current; if the RCD

trips with a lower current, the installation leakage is the difference between the two tripping currents. If during the test "rcd" is displayed the installation leakage current added to the current for contact voltage measurement (½I

) causes the RCD tripping.

∆

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11.6. SHORT CIRCUIT FAULT IMPEDANCE (ZPN, ZPP)

Check that the tripping power of the RCD is higher than the maximum fault current of the installation.

INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED

The test shall be effected in the point where the short circuit current is the highest possible, usually immediately downstream the RCD to be checked. The test shall be effected between phase and phase (Zpp) in the three phase installations and between phase and neutral (Zpn) in the single-phase installations..

ALLOWABLE VALUES

Three-phase installations: Single-phase installations:

400 2

Zpp

* Pi

230

Zpn

dove: Pi = tripping power of the RCD

Zpp = impedance measured between phase and phase. Zpn = impedance measured between phase and neutral

11.7. FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT (PHASE – EARTH) PURPOSE OF THE TEST

The fault loop is the circuit of the current when there is a bad isolation of the electrical system toward earth. The fault loop is composed:

- Transformer coil impedance.

- The impedance of the line from the transformer to the fault.

- The impedance of the protective conductor from the conductive part to the neutral of

the transformer.

When the instrument measures fault loop impedance, it detects the prospective phase-PE short-circuit current. So the operator can determinate if magnetothermical protection is coordinated to the protection of indirect contacts.

ATTENTION: The resolution of the instrument is 10mΩ when the impedance value is

inside (0.01 – 19.99) Ω, so use the instrument for measurements of impedance higher of 100mΩ.

PLANT PARTS TO BE VERIFYED

The test is necessary in TN or IT electrical system without RCDS.

ALLOWABLE VALUES

The following relation has to be fulfill:

≤ Uo / Ia

where: U

= Phase-Earth Voltage.

ZS = Impedance Phase-Earth. Ia = Tripping current of the magnetothermical protection in 5 seconds.

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MACROTEST 5035

11.8. EARTH RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT IN TT SYSTEMS

Check that the RCD is coordinated with the earth resistance value.

INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED

The earth installation under working conditions. The check is to be effected without disconnecting the earth plates.

ALLOWABLE VALUES

The earth resistance value measured shall meet the following relation:

RA < 50 / Ia

where: RA= Resistance of the earth installation, the value can be set with the

following measurements:

- Earth resistance with three-wire volt-ampere method.

- Fault loop impedance (see (*))

- Two-wire earth resistance (see(**))

- Two-wire earth resistance in the socket (see (**))

- Earth resistance obtained by the measurement of contact voltage Ut (see (**)).

- Earth resistance obtained by the tripping time test of the RCDs (A, AC),RCDs S (A, AC)

(see (**)).

= Tripping current in 5s of the RCD; rated tripping current of the RCD (in the case of

RCD S 2 I∆n).

50= Safety limit voltage (reduced down to 25V in special rooms). (*) If the installation is protected by an RCD the measurement shall be effected

upstream or downstream the RCD short circuiting it to avoid its tripping.

(**) These methods, even though not provided by the standards CEI 64.8, provide values

resulted to be indicative of the earth resistance .

EXAMPLE FOR EARTH RESISTANCE TEST

Let’s assume an installation protected by a 30 mA RCD. Let’s measure the earth resistance using one of the methods quoted above, to evaluate whether the installation resistance is complying with the standards in force and multiply the result by 0.03A (30 mA). If the result is lower than 50V (or 25V for special rooms) the installation can be considered as coordinated as it respects the above-said relation. When we face 30 mA RCDs (the most of civil installations) the maximum earth resistance allowed is 50/0.03=1666Ω permitting to use even simplified methods which even though they do not provide extremely precise values give a value approximate enough for the calculation of the co-ordination.

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MACROTEST 5035

11.9. EARTH RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT, 3-WIRE AND 2-WIRE METHODS Method for small earth plant

Let a current circulate between the earth rod and a current probe positioned at a distance from the earth equipment outline corresponding to fivefold the diagonal of the area delimiting the earth equipment. Position the voltage probe at half-way between the earth rod and the current probe, then measure the voltage between the two.

Use several rods in parallel and moisten the surrounding ground if the instrument does not manage to supply the current necessary to perform the test because of an high earth resistance.

Red

Green

Blue

Black

Earth resistance measurement for small earth plant

Method for big earth plant

Also this procedure is based on the voltamperometric method, but it’s mainly used when it’s difficult to position the auxiliary current rod at a distance corresponding to fivefold the diagonal of the area of the earth equipment. Position the current probe at a distance equal to the diagonal of the area of the earth equipment. To make sure that the voltage probe is positioned outside the area affected by the rod under test, take more measurements, first positioning the voltage probe at half-way between the rod and the current probe, then moving the probe both towards the earth rod and towards the current probe.

Use several rods in parallel and moisten the surrounding ground if the instrument does not manage to supply the current necessary to perform the test because of an high earth resistance.

Red

Green

Black

Earth resistance measurement for big earth plant

EN - 76

Blue

MACROTEST 5035

11.10. EARTH RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT

This test aims at analysing the resistivity value of the ground in order to define the type of rods to be used.

EQUIPMENT PARTS TO BE TESTED

For the resistivity test admissible values do not exist. The various values measured by positioning the rods at growing distances “a” must be quoted in a graph. According to the resulting curve, suitable rods will be chosen. As the test result can be affected by metal parts buried (such as pipes, cables or other rods), in case of doubts take a second measurement positioning the rods at an equal distance "a", but rotating their axis by 90°.

Black

Green

2° Me asuremen t: compared to the previous m e asuremen t the rods are rotated by

90°.

90°

a a

aaa

The resistivity value is calculated with the following formula: ρ=2πaR where: ρ= specific resistivity of the ground

a= distance between the rods (m) R= resistance measured by the instrument (Ω)

The measuring method allows to define the specific resistance up to the depth corresponding approximately to the distance “a” between the rods. If you increase the distance “a” you can reach deeper ground layers and check the ground homogeneity. After several ρ measurements, at growing distances “a”, you can trace a profile like the following ones, according to which the most suitable rod is chosen.

EN - 77

MACROTEST 5035

) m

Ω

( E

d n u o

r g

e h

t f o

i v

t s

i s

r c

c e p

Distance between the rods a(m)

APPROXIMATE EVALUATION OF INTENTIONAL RODS CONTRIBUTION (64-12 2.4.1)

The resistance of a rod Rd can be calculated with the following formulas (ρ = medium resistivity of the ground).

a) resistance of a vertical rod

L= length of the element touching the ground

b) resistance of an horizontal rod

Rd = 2ρ / L

L= length of the element touching the ground

c) resistance of linked elements

The resistance of a complex system with more elements in parallel is always higher than the resistance which could result from a simple calculation of elements in parallel, especially if those elements are close and therefore interactive. For this reason, in case of a linked system the following formula is quicker and more effective than the calculation of the single horizontal and vertical elements:

r= radius of the circle which circumscribes the link

Rd = ρ / L

Rd = ρ / 4r

Curve 1: as ρ decreases only in depth, it’s possible to use only a rod in depth.

Curve 2: as ρ decreases only until the depth A, it’s not useful to increase the depth of the rod beyond A.

Curve 3: even at a superior depth, ρ does not decrease, therefore a ring rod must be used.

EN - 78

MAN#5035….02

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48018 – Faenza (RA)- Italy

Tel: +39-0546-621002 (4 linee r.a.)

Fax: +39-0546-621144

email: ht@htitalia.it

http://www.ht-instruments.com

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