h/p/cosmos pluto, mercury, mercury med, stratos, quasar Original Instructions For Use

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original instructions for use h/p/cosmos® running machines

N 150/50 LC (pluto

)

N 150/50 (mercury

)

N 170-190/65 (quasar

/ pulsar®)

N 190/65 3p (pulsar

3p)

N 200-300/75-125 (venus

/ saturn®)

N 450/300 (saturn

)

h/p/cosmos® model names

pluto® / pluto® med mercury® / mercury® med stratos® / stratos® med locomotion® 150/50 E / DE med gaitway® II F / S incl. lt-models

quasar® / quasar® med stellar® / stellar® med pulsar® locomotion® 190/65 E / DE med incl. lt-models

quasar® med 3p pulsar® 3p locomotion® 190/65 3p E / DE med incl. lt-models

venus® - all sizes saturn® - all sizes

development, production, sales & service

h/p/cosmos® sports & medical gmbh Am Sportplatz 8 DE 83365 Nussdorf-Traunstein Germany phone +49 86 69 86 42 0 fax +49 86 69 86 42 49 service@h-p-cosmos.com www.h-p-cosmos.com

manual-version

revision 29.01.2015 firmware MCU5-v1.08 manual order-no.: [cos14310m5-v1.08hpc-en]

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These instructions for use / user manual / operating instructions / service guide is only valid for the firmware-/software version noted on the first page of this manual and only for the original configuration of the first delivery of the machine. Firmware updates, software updates, changes of the system configuration or retrofittings of additional equipment or accessories can result in invalidity of this manual. In case of alterations of the device or the additional equipment; the latest version of the manual or the corresponding additional information always should be considered.

The latest manual version is always available in PDF version on the h/p/cosmos website:

http://www.h-p-cosmos.com/en/company/downloads.htm

N It is strictly forbidden to perform any amendments of the technical design, technical

specifications, labelling and configurations (except allowed programming as described in this manual) of this machine and the software and accessories connected to this machine.

N Any amendments, unauthorized, poor or lack of service / maintenance will result in loss of

manufacturer’s liability and warranty.

Performance limitations of single phase power supplies in buildings!

Please consider the natural and physical performance limitations of the single phase 230 volt voltage power supply. The single phase 230 volt voltage power supply is sufficient up to normal fitness performance diagnostics, but is not sufficient for all special high performance applications. So the 3-phase running machine models with 3 x 380…420 volts power supply (for example model pulsar 3p, venus or saturn) are the perfect and recommended solutions for high performance applications. In case of single phase and/or low voltage supply there may performance limitations and limitation of max. speed with heavy subjects and/or special high performance applications. This may lead even to a stop or triggering of the fuse.

"High performance applications" include, but are not limited to, high speed running, controlled jump-ons, sidesteps, a number of co-ordination and functional training exercise, such as 90 - 360° rotations while running, heavy subjects at higher speed, extreme elevations uphill and/or downhill, etc. It is impossible to state exact speeds, elevations and subjects weights for the definition of “high performance application” in this context, since the running style, the exact treadmill model, the chosen belt type, the maintenance status and many other details such as stability of local power supply are crucial for the point at which stage the single phase power supply will fail. In almost all buildings there is 3-phase power supply available in the fuse box and electric compartment of each floor. Ask your local electrician. Even though there may not be a 3-phase outlet in the room for the treadmill, such a dedicated line for 3-phase power supply can be easily installed at very little costs from local electricians in almost all cases. So no performance limitations need to be accepted, since 3-phase power supply is available almost everywhere. Special voltages (for example 110 Volts) are available on request, but are not recommended also because of possible limitations in performance.

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Dear customer,

We would like to express our gratitude for putting your trust in us, in deciding for this top of the range running machine. Since 1988 h/p/cosmos® has been developing and manufacturing running machines, systems and accessories for applications in sports, rehabilitation, medicine, diagnostics and science. When it comes to technology, ergonomy, design and safety, we have set extremely high standards for ourselves.

Because the running machine is a motor-driven device, you must pay special attention to the mentioned safety regulations. If proper notice is taken of the safety regulations, the operation of our running machines is nearly without risk. Neglect of the safety regulations could result in dangerous situations and accidents with serious injury or death. Therefore please read this operating and service manual and the danger precautions in full before taking the device into operation.

Some simple maintenance and monitoring (no repair work!), as described, can easily be done or even have to be done by yourself. All kinds of installation and repair work and most maintenance work are to be performed only by trained and authorized technicians who have been certified by h/p/cosmos. The following symbols will indicate which work can be done by the customer and which work has to be done only by authorized technicians:

The customer/user should perform this maintenance and monitoring work. Some safety checks or monitoring (for examples harnesses and ropes, running belt condition and position, etc.) have to be performed on daily basis. It is not expedient to contract certified technicians for such maintenance work. However, where it is practical, all maintenance and monitoring work marked with this symbol can also be performed by certified technicians.

All installation, maintenance, repair and monitoring work marked with this symbol must only be performed by trained and authorized technicians who have been certified by h/p/cosmos. Customers/users must not perform these kinds of tasks and work.

We recommend calling our competent service team or entering into a maintenance contract for a routine service at an interval of 6 or 12 months for standard machines and standard applications. A form for registration of your institution and device is included in the delivery. In order to be able to supply you with the latest technical information and service, it is important for you to fill out the form. Therefore please fill out the form for registration immediately and send it back via fax, email or mail.

This operating and service manual as a firm part of the delivery has to be accessible to the user at any time. It has been written with great care. Should you, however, still find any details which do not correspond with your device, please notify us so that we can correct any mistakes as soon as possible. Subject to alterations without prior notice. Errors and omissions excepted. E & OE.

We wish you a lot of fun and success while exercising and working with your h/p/cosmos running machine.

Franz Harrer

President & CEO h/p/cosmos sports & medical gmbh

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1 Model overview ............................................................................................................................................................. 10

2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 12

2.1 Description ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12

2.2 Device components, including software and accessories .............................................................................................. 12

2.3 Safety equipment ........................................................................................................................................................... 13

3 Intended use / indications, contraindications, risks & forbidden use .................................................................... 15

3.1 Intended use / indications ............................................................................................................................................... 15

3.2 Contraindications ............................................................................................................................................................ 16

3.3 Risks ............................................................................................................................................................................... 17

3.4 Forbidden use ................................................................................................................................................................ 19

4 Safety notes, warnings, precautions .......................................................................................................................... 20

4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................... 20

4.2 Preparation of the patient / user ..................................................................................................................................... 21

4.3 Preparation of the running machine model range 150/50 up to 300/125 ....................................................................... 21

4.4 Preparation of the running machine model saturn 450/300 ........................................................................................... 22

4.5 During treadmill exercise ................................................................................................................................................ 22

4.6 Machine care .................................................................................................................................................................. 24

5 Operation ...................................................................................................................................................................... 25

5.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................... 25

5.2 Additional information for model saturn 450/300 only .................................................................................................... 26

5.3 Switch on procedure ....................................................................................................................................................... 28

5.3.1 Switch on procedure model range 150/50 LC (pluto) ........................................................................................ 28

5.3.2 Switch on procedure model range 150/50 up to 190/65 (mercury, quasar, pulsar) ........................................... 29

5.3.3 Switch on procedure model range 200/75 up to 300/125 (venus / saturn) ........................................................ 30

5.3.4 Switch on procedure model saturn 450/300 ...................................................................................................... 31

5.4 Switch off procedure ....................................................................................................................................................... 33

5.4.1 Switch off procedure model range 150/50 LC (pluto) ........................................................................................ 33

5.4.2 Switch off procedure model range 150/50 up to 190/65 (mercury, quasar, pulsar) ........................................... 33

5.4.3 Switch off procedure model range 200/75 up to 300/125 (venus / saturn) ........................................................ 33

5.4.4 Switch off procedure model saturn 450/300 ...................................................................................................... 34

5.5 Emergency Stop, stop buttons, stop functions and safety features ............................................................................... 34

5.6 UserTerminal / Control Terminal .................................................................................................................................... 37

5.6.1 The keyboard ..................................................................................................................................................... 38

5.6.2 The display ......................................................................................................................................................... 38

5.6.3 External UserTerminal control unit ..................................................................................................................... 40

5.6.4 TouchPanel ........................................................................................................................................................ 41

5.6.5 External UserTerminal control unit model saturn 450/300 ................................................................................. 42

5.7 Application: Ergometry / Cardiology ECG treadmill stress test ...................................................................................... 44

5.8 Application: Gait analysis and rehabilitation with neurologic patients ............................................................................ 44

5.9 Application: Gait analysis and rehabilitation with force measurement plates ................................................................. 45

5.10 Modes of operation (via keyboard or PC software para control 4.1) .............................................................................. 46

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5.10.1 Acceleration levels ............................................................................................................................................. 47

5.10.2 Manual mode ..................................................................................................................................................... 48

5.10.3 Profile mode ....................................................................................................................................................... 49

5.10.4 Cardio mode ...................................................................................................................................................... 54

5.10.5 Test mode .......................................................................................................................................................... 58

5.10.5.1 Standard ergometric tests ...................................................................................................................... 59

5.10.5.2 Additional profiles ................................................................................................................................... 64

5.10.5.3 Programming example: user-defined profile .......................................................................................... 72

5.11 Optional settings: User Options ...................................................................................................................................... 76

5.11.1 Standard settings for the user options ............................................................................................................... 82

6 Operating manual: running machines for sports and fitness c ........................................................................... 83

7 Service manual ............................................................................................................................................................. 84

7.1 Safety notes, warnings, precautions .............................................................................................................................. 84

7.1.1 Room conditions ................................................................................................................................................ 84

7.1.2 Transport and Installation ....................................................................................................................... 85

7.1.3 Maintenance and safety inspections ...................................................................................................... 86

7.2 Electrical safety features ................................................................................................................................................ 87

7.3 Medical device software classification ............................................................................................................................ 88

7.4 Installation & commissioning .............................................................................................................................. 89

7.4.1 Unpacking and packaging ...................................................................................................................... 89

7.4.2 Transport ................................................................................................................................................ 90

7.4.3 Storage .............................................................................................................................................................. 93

7.4.4 Environmental requirements / room configuration .................................................................................. 94

7.4.5 Mechanical installation ........................................................................................................................... 95

7.4.6 Electrical installation ............................................................................................................................... 96

7.4.6.1 Electric safety measurements and “First Measured Values“ .................................................................... 98

7.4.6.2 Potential equalization (only for medical treadmills) .................................................................................. 98

7.4.6.3 General notes and benefits of potential equalization ............................................................................... 98

7.4.6.4 Plug assignment at the UserTerminal ...................................................................................................... 99

7.4.7 Cable connections models 200-300/75-125 (venus / saturn) .......................................................................... 104

7.4.8 Cable connections model saturn 450/300 ........................................................................................................ 104

7.4.9 Connection of external host and / or auxiliary devices via interface ..................................................... 106

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7.4.10 Programmable, electrical medical systems (PEMS) / In-house production .......................................... 107

7.4.11 Installation checklist and instruction of the user ................................................................................... 112

8 Maintenance and safety inspections ........................................................................................................................ 114

8.1 Preventive maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 114

8.2 Immediate maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 114

8.3 Regular inspections / examinations ................................................................................................................... 115

8.3.1 Visual inspections .................................................................................................................................. 115

8.3.2 Protective earth resistance (RPE) measurement ................................................................................... 116

8.3.3 Isolation resistance (R

ISO

) measurement .............................................................................................. 116

8.3.4 Equivalent (alternative) leakage current (I

EDL

) measurement ............................................................... 116

8.3.5 Leakage current measurement ............................................................................................................ 117

8.3.6 Electric safety tester and measurements ............................................................................................. 117

8.3.7 Building installation: Electric checks, protective earth function, RCD, leakage current ........................ 118

8.4 Lubrication of the running belt / running surface ................................................................................................. 118

8.4.1 Devices with UserTerminal and without automatic oil-pump ........................................................................... 119

8.4.2 Lubrication film test ................................................................................................................................. 121

8.4.3 Devices without UserTerminal and without automatic oil pump ............................................................. 122

8.4.4 Devices with UserTerminal & automatic oil pump (models "r" for cycle & wheelchair) ........................ 123

8.4.5 Refilling oil tank .................................................................................................................................... 124

8.4.6 Refilling hydraulic oil tank ..................................................................................................................... 125

8.4.7 Resetting of oil message ........................................................................................................................ 126

8.5 Control and tightening of the running belt ......................................................................................................... 126

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8.6 Adjustment (centring) of the running belt ............................................................................................................ 127

8.7 Control of the driving belt at saturn 450/300 ..................................................................................................... 129

8.8 Control and tightening of the driving belt (poly-V belt system) ......................................................................... 130

8.8.1 Checking the tension of the driving belt with the “slipping-test“ ....................................................................... 130

8.8.2 Checking the tension of the driving belt with the frequency test ...................................................................... 131

8.9 Driving belt with timing belt system (from running deck size 200/75 upwards) ................................................ 132

8.10 Side step platforms: check for non-slipping ...................................................................................................... 132

8.11 Hygiene and cleansing ................................................................................................................................................. 132

8.11.1 Cleansing of outside and applied parts ................................................................................................... 132

8.11.2 Cleaning of the interior ......................................................................................................................... 133

8.12 Cleansing and adjustment of the speed sensor / light barrier ........................................................................... 133

8.13 Light barrier at belt re-entry zones ............................................................................................................................... 134

8.13.1.1 Cleaning of light barriers ............................................................................................................. 134

8.13.2 Adjustment of light barriers ................................................................................................................... 134

8.14 Spare parts & consumables ......................................................................................................................................... 134

9 Trouble shooting ............................................................................................................................................ 135

9.1 Device cannot be powered on ...................................................................................................................................... 135

9.2 Mechanical noise problems .......................................................................................................................................... 135

9.3 Running belt adjustment problems ............................................................................................................................... 135

9.4 Fuses ............................................................................................................................................................................ 136

9.5 Electrostatic discharge ................................................................................................................................................. 137

9.6 Sources of interference ................................................................................................................................................ 137

9.7 Voltage on the device housing / electric shock ............................................................................................................ 138

9.8 POLAR heart rate measurement system...................................................................................................................... 138

9.9 RS232 interface ............................................................................................................................................................ 139

9.9.1 Troubleshooting and testing of the RS232 interface ........................................................................................ 139

9.10 MCU control unit / circuit board, battery ....................................................................................................................... 139

9.11 Error messages ............................................................................................................................................................ 140

9.12 Additional error messages at saturn 450/300 ............................................................................................................... 147

10 Optional settings: administrator options ..................................................................................................... 148

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10.1 List of running machines types ..................................................................................................................................... 159

11 Technical data ............................................................................................................................................................ 160

11.1 Running machines, 150/50 LC (pluto®) ......................................................................................................................... 160

11.2 Running machines, 150/50 (mercury) .......................................................................................................................... 162

11.3 Running machines, 170-190/65 (quasar / pulsar) ........................................................................................................ 164

11.4 Running machines, 170-190/65 3p (quasar 3p / pulsar 3p) ......................................................................................... 166

11.5 Running machines, oversize 200-450/75-300 (venus / saturn) .................................................................................... 168

11.6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and immunity: Guidance and manufacturer's declaration ................................. 170

11.7 Compatible devices ...................................................................................................................................................... 172

11.8 Interface protocols ........................................................................................................................................................ 173

11.9 Economic life time ........................................................................................................................................................ 173

11.10 Economic life time (150/50 LC) .................................................................................................................................... 173

12 Accessories and options ........................................................................................................................................... 174

12.1 Arm support .................................................................................................................................................................. 174

12.2 Additional keyboard and additional stop button for arm support and remote control ................................................... 175

12.3 Special handrails .......................................................................................................................................................... 176

12.4 Handrails, adjustable with gear tooth locking elements ............................................................................................... 177

12.5 Handrails, adjustable: Parallel bars with gas struts and locking lever .......................................................................... 178

12.6 Therapist’s seat and foot support, adjustable ............................................................................................................... 180

12.7 Unweighting system h/p/cosmos airwalk se 135 .......................................................................................................... 181

12.8 Unweighting systems airwalk 70/160 ........................................................................................................................... 182

12.9 Vests for subjects for airwalk systems.......................................................................................................................... 182

12.10 h/p/cosmos robowalk® expander .................................................................................................................................. 182

12.11 Wheelchair ramp .......................................................................................................................................................... 183

12.12 Wheelchair stabilizer for oversize running machines ................................................................................................... 183

12.13 Safety arch with chest belt system ............................................................................................................................... 183

12.14 Reversible running belt rotation for downhill walk ........................................................................................................ 185

12.15 Pull cord safety stop actuator ....................................................................................................................................... 186

12.16 Bottle holder, drinking bottle ......................................................................................................................................... 186

12.17 Retrofitting UserTerminals / laptop for external control unit ......................................................................................... 187

12.18 Retrofitting emergency stop buttons ............................................................................................................................. 188

12.19 Safety multiple socket .................................................................................................................................................. 188

12.20 RS232 interface / USB converter ................................................................................................................................. 189

12.21 POLAR heart rate measurement system...................................................................................................................... 190

12.22 „Science port“ / raw data of speed sensor .................................................................................................................... 191

12.23 PC software h/p/cosmos para control® 4.1 ................................................................................................................... 192

12.24 PC Software h/p/cosmos para graphics® ..................................................................................................................... 193

12.25 PC Software h/p/cosmos para analysis® ...................................................................................................................... 194

12.26 PC Software h/p/cosmos para motion® ........................................................................................................................ 195

12.27 PC software h/p/cosmos para control® 5 ..................................................................................................................... 196

13 Disposal ...................................................................................................................................................................... 199

14 Appendix 1: Certificates ............................................................................................................................................ 200

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14.1 Certificate of the TSA (TÜV) according to ISO 9001 .................................................................................................... 200

14.2 Certificate of the TSA (TÜV) according to EN ISO 13485 ............................................................................................ 201

14.3 EC Certificate of the TSA (TÜV) ................................................................................................................................... 202

15 Appendix 2 .................................................................................................................................................................. 203

15.1 Calculation of the UKK Fitness Index ........................................................................................................................... 203

15.2 Instruction protocol, checklist ....................................................................................................................................... 204

15.3 Instruction protocol, signatures .................................................................................................................................... 209

15.4 Service report – [cos15531] ......................................................................................................................................... 210

15.5 Control protocol – [cos11690en-02] ............................................................................................................................. 211

15.6 Wiring diagram load circuit quasar® med / pulsar® ....................................................................................................... 212

15.7 Wiring diagram control circuit quasar® med / pulsar® – page 1 .................................................................................... 213

15.8 Wiring diagram control circuit quasar® med / pulsar® – page 2 .................................................................................... 214

16 Appendix 3: Symbols ................................................................................................................................................. 215

17 Contact ........................................................................................................................................................................ 216

model overview

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1 Model overview

h/p/cosmos medical running machines

h/p/cosmos sports & fitness running machines

pluto® med pluto® lt med

pluto® pluto® lt

locomotion® 150/50 E med locomotion® 150/50 DE med locomotion® 190/65 E med locomotion® 190/65 DE med locomotion® 190/65-3p E med locomotion® 190/65-3p DE med

stratos® lt med stratos® med mercury® lt med mercury® med gaitway® II F gaitway® II S

stratos® lt stratos® mercury® lt mercury

stellar® lt med stellar® med quasar® lt med quasar® med quasar® lt med 3p quasar® med 3p pulsar® lt pulsar® pulsar® lt 3p pulsar® 3p

stellar® lt stellar® quasar® lt quasar®

model overview

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venus® 200/75 venus® 200/75r venus® 200/100 venus® 200/100r saturn® 250/75 saturn® 250/75r saturn® 250/100 saturn® 250/100r saturn® 250/125r saturn® 300/75 saturn® 300/75r saturn® 300/100 saturn® 300/100r saturn® 300/125r saturn® 450/300rs

saturn® 300/125r

saturn® 450/300rs

introduction

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2 Introduction

2.1 Description

A running machine (also called “treadmill ergometer”) is an exercise device for running or walking while staying in one place. The h/p/cosmos running machines are stationary treadmills which are used for training and testing, simulating various adjustable speeds and various adjustable elevations (also called “slope” or “inclination”). The medical versions can also be used for diagnostics and therapy applications. The machine provides a moving platform with a wide conveyor belt and an electric motor. The belt moves to the rear allowing a person to walk or run an equal, and necessarily opposite, velocity. The rate at which the belt moves is the rate of walking or running. Thus, the speed of running may be controlled and measured.

The patient (for sports devices called “subject”) is asked to follow the speed of the belt and keep his position on the deck. By walking and/or running, the physical condition of the patient can be analysed through a treadmill stress test protocol and additional ECG or VO2max. (metabolic cart) diagnostic device. In physiotherapy and neurologic application the patient can be additionally secured and un-weighted with a body weight support system and the gait can be analysed and corrected under safe and reproducible conditions.

Duration of use of the medical versions is approx. 5 to 25 minutes per patient per day, depending on the prescription of the doctor, the condition of the patient and depending on the standardized or individual load protocol (for example BRUCE protocol). The running surface areas range from 150 x 50 cm (59.0 x 19.7 inches) to 450 x 300 cm (177.2 x 118.1 inches). Treadmills have handrails on both sides. Technical details are given in chapter 11 “Technical data” on page 160.

2.2 Device components, including software and accessories

[1] UserTerminal (cockpit) with displays and keyboard [2] pull cord safety stop actuator [3] emergency stop button (mushroom style) [4] heart rate measurement system (receiver board) the transmitter with chest belt * is an applied part [5] handrail crossbar (front) [6] handrails (side) [7] motor hood/cover [8] tread plate with slip resistant surface [9] running surface (gliding plate/deck) [10] running belt * [11] rollers (behind the belt) [12] roller cover [13] base frame [14] elevation element [15] option/accessory: safety arch with fall-stop

prevention

[16] option/accessory: chest-belt/harness for safety arch [17] option/accessory: arm support [18] option/accessory: keyboard for arm support [19] option/accessory: stop button for arm support

* applied parts based on definition in IEC 60601-1

h/p/cosmos quasar® med treadmill with optional safety arch with chest belt system for fall stop prevention and optional arm support for additional stabilization of the patient.

introduction

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h/p/cosmos® treadmills consist of a heavy duty drive system with high capacity and inverter controlled drive motor, optional elevation system for simulating gradient/elevation (uphill, optional downhill), UserTerminal (models without “lt”) with clear LCD displays and keyboard including firmware for operation, emergency stop button, interface with coscom interface protocol for possible connection to ECG or other medical devices, e.g. POLAR heart rate monitor. h/p/cosmos offers a lot of accessories and options that can be used together with the treadmill. The figure above shows an h/p/cosmos quasar med treadmill with optional safety arch with chest belt system for fall stop prevention and optional arm support for additional stabilization of the patient. Adjustable handrails, other different shaped handrails and a wheelchair ramp are also available. For further details, see chapter 11 “Technical data”.

The following materials are used: mainly powder coated steel tubes for the frame, conventional rubber or PVC for the running belt, conventional frequency inverter and drive motor for belt speed control, conventional LCD Display and keyboard for the UserTerminal, conventional electric and electronic components and conventional plastic parts.

Contact with the body occurs through walking shoes on the running belt, through hand palms on handrail grips when the patient holds the handrail, through chest belt if the patient wears the chest belt and harness for heart rate detection and/or for fall stop prevention, on forearms if the patient utilizes the optional arm support and through fingers if the patient is allowed to press keyboard and/or emergency stop on the UserTerminal of the device. There is no physical contact to organs, tissues or body fluids.

The h/p/cosmos para control® software is for remote control of the treadmill, loading parameters and for maintenance issues. Software products such as h/p/cosmos para graphics®, h/p/cosmos para analysis® and h/p/cosmos para motion® can be optionally applied for further data analysis and documentation, especially to be used for sports and fitness applications. The h/p/cosmos software is neither intended for medical diagnosis nor medical evaluation. The medical treadmill can support the doctor and patient when performing stress tests and movement therapy / locomotion therapy of walking and running.

In medical diagnostics and therapy, the recommended and right endurance dose of the load parameter (speed, elevation, distance, heart rate, body weight support, motion support, etc.) and specific application is decided and supervised by the doctor. A number of training profiles and standardized protocols e.g. Bruce, Naughton, Cooper, Ellestad A, Gardner, etc. are available, but the treadmill does not calculate medical parameters, nor does it perform medical diagnoses or medical evaluation. Finally, it does not give recommendations for treatment.

2.3 Safety equipment

For any use with patients or other subjects for whom a fall would constitute a serious accident (for example after hip replacement operations, patients with neurologic problems, patients connected to invasive probes, maximum load tests, running at high speeds, running side wards, co-ordination training, etc.) or injuries, a fall prevention system such as a safety arch with chest belt system and stop-function or an unweighting system (for example the h/p/cosmos airwalk) is obligatory. The chest belt secures the subject and prevents falling forward. The chest belt system is connected via a pull rope with the emergency stop at the crossbar of the safety arch. If more than approx. 8 kg / 17.6 lbs traction pulls on the harness, the switch stops the running belt immediately. The length of the harness is individually adjustable. The running belt is stopped in the moment of falling.

Unweighting systems as an accessory (for example the h/p/cosmos airwalk) can be used for body weight support of the patient, in case the patient should not bear his full body weight on his legs.

A pull cord safety stop actuator (with magnetic switch) has to be attached to the subject.

introduction

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The safety stop cord type and/or the safety arch with chest belt system and stop-function limits the range of motion of the subject to the front 70% of the running deck length if adjusted properly. The actuator cord should have a suitable length so that the actuator releases at a position not more than 70% of the length of the running surface. In case the subject cannot maintain the speed and falls behind to the rear 30% of the running deck length, or in case the subject falls, the safety stop cord type and/or the safety arch with chest belt system will trigger a stop function of the treadmill and will stop the running belt. Caution! The pull cord safety stop actuator cannot prevent the subject from falling and is therefore not as safe as the safety arch with chest belt system and fall prevention or the unweighting system! The big and highly visible emergency stop button is standard on all models and is placed on the handrail or UserTerminal for easy access. An additional emergency stop button can be retro-fitted at all h/p/cosmos running machines. It can, for example, be duplicated on the opposite handrail. h/p/cosmos conforms with the norm EN 957-6: “The push-button type or pull cord safety stop actuator shall be in a reachable position in front of the user and in an area of ± 180 mm parallel to the centre line of the running surface. If the push-button type safety stop actuator is outside this area, it shall be duplicated on the opposite side except when a pullcord actuator is provided.” h/p/cosmos can supply a second and additional emergency stop button and/or pull cord safety stop actuator and/or a safety arch with chest belt system fall stop function. On all medical treadmills the emergency stop push button is simultaneously an emergency off button. That means by pushing this button the power supply of the device is cut off.

Fall prevention system: safety arch with chest belt system and stop.

h/p/cosmos arm support with integrated additional keyboard and integrated additional stop button.

h/p/cosmos airwalk unweighting systems for body weight support, can also be used as fall prevention system.

Emergency-off safety stop switch (mushroom push button for drive system power-off) Emergency stop button on the UserTerminal. Triggers bi-polar disconnection from the mains (power supply). Additional emergency stop push button can be mounted on the opposite handrail of the treadmill.

Emergency stop switch (safety lanyard with actuator, pull cord and waist belt) Treadmills from manufacturing date 01/2014 have a clip instead of the waist belt.

intended use, contraindications, risks & forbidd en use

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3 Intended use / indications, contraindications, risks & forbidden use

3.1 Intended use / indications

The h/p/cosmos medical treadmills are intended for endurance training, recreatioinal fitness training and gait training.

In combination with external devices h/p/cosmos medical treadmills are intended as loading devices for EMG and ECG measuring, ergospirometry as well as diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases by stress tests. By combining an h/p/cosmos medical treadmill with external devices a medical electrical system (ME-System) is created. The responsibility rests with the manufacturer of this ME-System, but not with h/p/cosmos.

The h/p/cosmos medical treadmills may be operated only in medical facilities by medical staff. h/p/cosmos medical treadmills must not be operated in home environment.

The correct loading for a patient on the treadmill must be prescribed by a medical doctor. The treadmill manufacturer cannot make any declaration or recommendation.

The following table gives an overview over the intended applications and the corresponding minimum safety equipment. A not restricted patient is defined as a patient able to grap the handrail and jump off the running belt in case of emergency. A restricted patient is defined as a patient not able to grap the handrail and jump off the running belt in case of emergency.

Intended use

Minimum safety equipment for not restricted patients

Minimum safety equipment for restricted patients

Endurance training walking and running

emergency stop switch (safety lanyard with actuator, pull cord and clip)

Safety arch with fall stop prevention or unweighting system

Loading device for physical performance tests

Safety arch with fall stop prevention

Gait analysis and gait training in orthopaedics and neurology

Safety arch with fall stop prevention or unweighting system

For a detailed correlation between the intended use, the different treadmill models and the accessories see the separate table “overview devices options indications” in the accompanying documents.

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3.2 Contraindications

Contraindications have to be excluded before the treadmill is used. It makes sense to distinguish between absolute and relative contraindications. In case of relative contraindications, the application may be started if the possible benefits exceed the risks of application. The decision has to be made by a medical doctor. In case of relative contraindications permanent observation of the patient by medical staff is obligatory.

Absolute contraindications:

N Acute myocardial infarction (within 2 d) N Instable angina pectoris N Cardiac arrhythmia pathology and/or limited hemodynamics N Symptomatic massive aortic stenosis N Uncompensated / uncontrolled heart insufficiency N Acute pulmonary embolism or pulmonary infarction N Acute endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis N Acute aortic dissection N Acute coronary syndrome N Acute phlebothrombosis of the lower extremities N Febrile infections N Pregnancy N Acute thrombosis N Fresh wounds e.g. after surgery N Acute fracture N Damaged disc or traumatic disease of the spine N Epilepsy N Inflammations N Acute migraine

Relative contraindications:

N Left main coronary stenosis N Main artery disease N Cardiac valve disease of moderate severity N Known electrolyte imbalance N Arterial hypertonia (RR > 200 mm Hg syst. > 110 mm Hg diast.) N Tachyarrhythmia or bradyarrhythmia N Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other forms of outflow tract obstruction N Higher degree atrioventricular AV-blocking N Anemia N Physical and/or mental disabilities leading to inability to exercise adequately

Also see following guidelines:

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie – Herz- und Kreislaufforschung e.V. (http://leitlinien.dgk.org).

American College of Cardiology Foundation - www.acc.org

American Heart Association - www.americanheart.org

http://my.americanheart.org/idc/groups/ahaecc-internal/@wcm/@sop/documents/downloadable/ucm_423807.pdf

Further contraindications may occur. This has to be evaluated by the responsible medical doctor.

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3.3 Risks

In the event of overload of the patient due to wrong application and/or wrong assessment and/or unexpected problems, the following risks, problems and injuries may occur. Risks are reduced by correct load dosing (according to the clinical picture and condition of the patient). Especially for ergometry (stress-test) application, the patient is subject to additional risk since the test is designed to stress the patient until cardiovascular problems may occur. The risk remains even in the presence of trained, medical staff and even when medical equipment and a defibrillator for reanimation are available. The higher risk cannot be reduced even with the knowledge of contraindications. Neither can loading capacity nor cognition restrictions be excluded by contraindications.

The risk of falling and consequential injuries is reduced by the safety equipment and application of a fall prevention system.

Remaining risks in ergometry / stress testing

The following complications are mentioned in the “Praxisleitlinien Ergometrie”: (Wonisch M, Berent R, Klicpera M, Laimer H, Marko C, Pokan R, Schmid P, Schwann H. [Practice Guidelines for ExerciseTesting], J Kardiol 2008; 15 (Suppl A): 3-17)

Cardiac complications

Frequency

Morbidity

< 0.05 %

Lethal complications

0.03 – 0.04 %

Non-lethal complications

0.07 – 0.15 %

Acute MCI

0.035 – 0.1 %

Acute cardiac death

< 0.005 %

Ventricular tachyarrhythmia

0.05 % - 2.3 %

Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia

- in case of known paroxysmal supraventricular arrhythmia

- atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter

3.4 – 15 %

< 1 %

Ventricular extrasystoly

2 – 20 %

Supraventricular extrasystoly

4 – 24 %

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

0.8 %

Transient left bundle-branch block

0.4 %

Bradyarrhythmia

Hypotony

3 – 9 %

Hypertensive blood pressure regulation

n.s. Ventricular rupture

n.s.

Papillary muscle rupture

n.s.

Non-cardiac complications

Intracranial haemorrhage

n.s.

Thromboembolic event

n.s.

Transient global amnesia

n.s.

Arthralgia

n.s.

Myalgia

n.s.

Low back pain

n.s.

n.s.: not specified

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General Remaining risks

Overload of the patient due to wrong application and/or misinterpretation and/or unexpected problems during correct application may result in the following risks, problems and/or injuries:

Problem & injury risk

Risk control

Due to overloading and/or fall :

N Bruises N Sprains and torns N Skin abrasions

N Injuries of the musculoskeletal system

(joints, tendons, ligaments, muscles, bones)

N Fractures, in worst case (e.g. broken neck)

resulting in death.

N Note in instructions and warning labels on the

UserTerminal that the device may only be used under supervision by medical or therapeutic staff.

N Proper loading dose must be prescribed by doctors

or therapists as qualified personnel only.

N Note in instructions and warning labels on the

UserTerminal that operating personnel must stay in permanent patient environment of 1.5 m.

N Recommendation and application of weight support

system and/or fall stop device, such as the h/p/cosmos safety arch with harness and automatic shut-off of the running belt.

N Comprehensive instruction of the patient before the

start of treadmill therapy with an explanation that the drive of the running belt is very strong and does not stop automatically when the patient stops.

Overload of the cardiovascular system in extreme situations with cardiac arrest and death as possible worst case scenario.

N Note in user’s manual that correct load dosing must

be done by a medical doctor or therapist.

N Note that a defibrillator has to be kept on hand for

reanimation. This is already standard in some countries.

N Integrated cardio mode, which reduces the load

after reaching the recommended maximum heart rate and stops the treadmill in case of overload or breakdown of the heart rate measurement.

In case of correct load dosing (according to the clinical picture and condition of the patient) and intended use, the risks are comparable to the risks of walking / running on the ground: falling off the treadmill with skin abrasions, bruises, torn ligaments, fractures and in worst case fatal injury such as a broken neck.

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3.4 Forbidden use

N All prohibitions in the chapter entitled "Safety precautions, safety regulations, prohibition and warnings". N Do not modify the running machines and do not connect them to other equipment which is not explicitly declared

as compatible by all involved manufactures.

N The running machine must not be used without carefully trained specialist staff and without the staff having been

instructed on the safety regulations.

N The subject must interrupt the training immediately if he/she starts feeling sick or dizzy and should see a doctor. N Subject with a cardiac pacemaker or who suffer from any kind of physical restriction must see a doctor before

using the running machine and ask for permission.

N Animals are not allowed to use the running machine and must not get near to it (4 m safety zone). N Unsupervised children (<14 years) are not allowed to use the running machine and must not get near to it (4 m

safety zone).

N Children, supervised by medical doctor or therapist, are to be secured by a fall prevention with chest belt system. N Other use than the explicitly mentioned intended use. N In the event of any detected and/or assumed malfunctions and/or defects or unreadable safety warning labels, the

device has to be taken out of operation, clearly marked as such and disabled. The supplier and authorized service personnel have to be informed in writing.

N Under no circumstances should a subject/patient or other user be overloaded or overstressed. N Under no circumstances should the device be used with increased risk, e.g. sprint or medical application with a

high risk of falling, unless additional safety precautions and safety equipment such as safety arch with fall stop are used.

N The device must not be used if one or more of the listed contraindications prevail (see chapter entitled

“Contraindications”).

N The automatic operation of the running machine (modes profile, cardio, test, remote control via PC and peripheral

devices) is forbidden, if the health and condition of the test person / subject / patient does not permit and if a doctor has not authorized said operation. Disregarding this provision may lead to injuries, serious health problems and even death.

N It is prohibited to use wheels on the standard running machines. Thus, no cycles, wheelchairs, inline skates or

roller skis are to be used. Such applications are only allowed on special running machines marked with „r“ (e.g. h/p/cosmos saturn® 300/100r). Additionally, a safety harness with fall-stop is prescribed. The bike or wheelchair brakes are to be deactivated (e.g. demount brake suspension) and the skate brakes demounted during the exercise on the running machine. Remember to reactivate brakes before using this equipment outdoor again.

N Never use running shoes or other shoes with spikes or studs on the standard running surface or running belt.

These applications are only allowed on special running machines with suffix „rs“ which have an extra thick running belt. A safety arch with chest belt and fall stop is also obligatory in this case.

N h/p/cosmos devices must not be used in environmental conditions other than those specified in the chapter

„Technical specifications“ and “Environmental conditions” (e.g. in wet and humid areas, swimming pools, sauna, environmental chambers, high-pressure-, low-pressure, altitude- and oxygen-chambers, etc.).

N Do not jump onto the rotating running belt. Do not jump off the rotating running belt (not even forward). Do not stop

moving or turn around on the rotating running belt. Never run side wards or backwards. Do not do anything which could interfere with your balance. Do not set too high loads (speed, elevation).

If unauthorized persons are believed to have access to the running machine or if there are other reasons to lock the device, it has to be blocked for restart. See “option 40“ in chapter 5.11 “Optional settings: User Options” With option 41 ... 44 separate modes (manual, profile, cardio, test) can also be locked.

The listing of forbidden use may be incomplete and only lists the most important foreseeable misuse.

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4 Safety notes, warnings, precautions

4.1 General

Important notes, warnings and precautions are marked with this sign. It also reminds you of concerns which have to be considered for measurements and connection with other devices.

N These operating instructions are part of the device and must always be accessible for every user. N Exact observance of the operating instructions is required for appropriate operation of the h/p/cosmos device. N Before using the running machine, read carefully the operating instructions, especially the safety notes, warnings

and precautions.

N The safety notes, warnings and precautions have to be pointed out to every user and operator and displayed

within sight of the running machine.

N The running machine must only be used after careful instruction by authorized field service personnel and after the

user has received the safety notes, warnings and precautions.

N All regulations and prohibitions are to be followed. N Safety, reliability, function and accuracy can only be achieved if

N the device is used in accordance with the operating instructions, including the use of the described

consumables, sensors and detectors,

N Installation, commissioning, instruction, extension, alteration, recommended preventive maintenance, safety

checks and repair are performed by authorized staff.

N Any other use than that explicitly listed in the field of application is prohibited. N Use of the h/p/cosmos medical treadmills in a home environment and/or in public and/or operation by persons who

are not medically trained staff is not allowed.

N It is prohibited to use the running machine and the accessories without supervisory staff and introduction. N Holding the handrails during exercise may affect the exercise results (e.g. heart rate, ECG, oxygen uptake, etc.).

Under normal conditions and for healthy subjects we recommend holding the handrails only in case of emergency or when needed for safety or weight relief.

N Under no circumstances should the device be used with increased risk, e.g. sprint or medical application with a

high risk of falling, unless additional safety precautions and safety equipment such as safety arch with fall stop are used.

N Do not deposit any clothes, towels, jewellery, etc. on the running machine. Such objects could be tripped over or

caught in the rotating belt. Make sure that nobody exposes body parts, hair, clothes, ties, towels or other parts to any dangerous capture areas/gaps at moving parts such as the rollers or elevation system.

N All lubrication material and all other material or parts of this device are to be kept away from children and animals

and should neither be drunk nor eaten.

N Pull the plug before cleaning or disinfecting electric devices. N Pay special attention to all maintenance and service instructions. N Pay special attention to all warnings and precautions in the accessory manuals. N The field service personnel are to pay special attention to further safety notes, warnings and precautions in the

service manual (see chapter 7 entitled “Service manual”).

N The manufacturer has no liability for any injury to persons or damage to property. N In the event that a user connects standard components to support, diagnose or appraise in terms of in-house

production according to the MPG (German Medical Devices Act), he creates a system and therefore has to perform and verify a simplified conformity validation process.

N Incorrect or excessive training may result in injuries to health.

Disregard of intended use, safety notes, warnings and precautions, unauthorized or lack of maintenance and / or regular safety checks may lead to injuries or even death and / or can damage the device and will result in loss of any liability and warranty.

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4.2 Preparation of the patient / user

N It is strongly recommended to consult a doctor before using an exercise device. N Subjects with a cardiac pacemaker or those who suffer from any kind of physical restriction must see their doctor

and get permission before using the running machine.

N Animals are not allowed to use the running machine and must not go too near (4 m distance). N It is prohibited to use the running machine under the influence of alcohol, drugs and/or anaesthetics. N Training or therapy must always be performed with sports or running shoes (no spikes) and sports clothing.

It must never be used with bare feet.

N Harnesses, chest belts, waist belts, patients’ vests, forearm arm rests, leash and cuffs are not designed for direct

skin or mucous membrane contact.

N There are dangerous capture areas/gaps on the elevation system as well as at the rear end and the sides of the

running belt and rollers. Upon reverse belt rotation, there are dangerous capture areas/gaps at the motor hood and the front area as well. Make sure that nobody exposes body parts, hair, clothes, ties, towels or other parts to any dangerous capture areas/gaps.

N Subjects with long hair should use a hairnet and must be made aware of the danger that hair may be caught in the

capture areas/gaps.

N at the rear end and the sides of the running belt, at the elevation system N in case of reverse belt rotation: at the motor hood and the front area.

N Valuable articles such as watches, emblazonments, etc. must be removed before using the device, nor should

they be stored in the near vicinity of the device.

N Never use shoes with spikes or studs on the standard running surface or running belt. Spikes and studs are only

allowed on special running machines with suffix „rs“ which have an extra thick running belt. A safety arch with

chest belt system is obligatory in this case.

N In case of reverse belt rotation, always use the safety arch with chest belt system since the standard

safety stop buttons and keyboard as well as standard handrails and front bar handrail might not be in reach when facing the running deck backwards. Furthermore a supervisor must be present.

4.3 Preparation of the running machine model range 150/50 up to 300/125

N When the device is used daily, we recommend switching it on in the morning and leaving it in stand-by mode

during the day.

N If the running machine is at an angle of elevation > 0 when switched on, it will automatically move to position zero

(display: elevation „INIT“) by switching the device on. Please ensure that while driving down the elevation, no harm can be done to persons or objects under the running machine.

N The ON-/OFF intervals must not be shorter than 1-2 minutes (for models with 3-phase connection: 2-3 minutes).

Otherwise it could lead to interferences and/or failure of the backup and/or data loss and/or data corruption. Too short switch on / switch off intervals lead to a deactivation of the inrush current limiter and result in an overload of the circuit fuse.

N Keep a safety zone of at least 2 m in length and the treadmills width behind the running machine and

1 x 1 m in front of the running machine. In case of reverse belt rotation, the frontal safety zone should be same size as the rear. See chapter 5.1 entitled “Operation, General”.

N The crossbar handrail, safety arch harness and/or safety stop pull cord type should always be positioned in a way

that the subject can walk or run in the first (front) 40% and/or second (middle) 30% of the running surface length. When the subjects moves to the rear 30% of the running deck length, the safety arch harness and/or safety stop pull cord type triggers the stop function automatically. See chapter 5.1 entitled “Operation, General”.

N There must be a gap of at least 4 cm between the crossbar and the UserTerminal due to the danger of bruising. N It is not allowed to run with the back to the crossbar. N The front handrail crossbar should be dismounted if a safety arch with chest belt system is installed and used.

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N It is prohibited to use wheels on the running surface and belt. Thus, no cycles, wheelchairs, inline skates or roller

skis are to be used. Such applications are only allowed on special running machines marked with “r“.

N The safety arch with chest-belt harness and fall stop is prescribed for exercise with any kind of vehicle (bikes,

wheelchairs, handbikes, roller skis, etc.) on the “r” models.

N Treadmills which are not designed for cycling, wheelchairs, spikes or ski sticks, must not be used with those

applications as this will result in serious damage to the treadmill.

N The bike or wheelchair brakes are to be deactivated (e.g. demount brake suspension) and the skate brakes

demounted during the exercise on the running machine. Remember to reactivate brakes before using this equipment outdoor again.

N For safety reasons the wheelchair stabilizer must be dismantled before using the running machine for any

application without a wheelchair (running, cycling, skating etc.). Ensure that no remaining barrier, crossbar or other part of the wheelchair stabilizer can obstruct or injure the subject.

N The subject is to be secured by a safety arch with chest belt system for fall stop in the following cases:

N while performing sprints N for max. endurance tests N while training on running surfaces wider than 65 cm N for children (<14 years) N for subjects with all kind of disabilities, impairments (visual, hearing, balance, etc.), activity limitations

and participation restrictions

N while running with shoes with spikes or studs N during reverse belt rotation (or use the pull cord safety stop actuator) N during all use with wheels (cycling, wheelchair, inline-skating or roller-ski) for the “r” models N in case of severe danger N subjects with long hair or wide clothes

N The safety arch with chest belt system must be checked for wear and damage before each use. In particular, the

rope, harness and all links such as the snap hook and the rope brake are to be checked.

N All wear and tear parts of the system (rope, harness and all links such as snap hook and rope brake) are to be

changed immediately in case of damage.

N Only connect accessories, software and host equipment if they are approved as compatible by all involved

manufacturers. Non-compliance to this clause can lead to serious injury or death and loss of manufacturer warranty and liability.

4.4 Preparation of the running machine model saturn 450/300

Here the differences from the model range 150/50 up to 300/125 treadmill to the saturn 450/300 are described for preparation.

N If the running machine is at an angle of elevation > 0 when switched on, it will not automatically move to position

zero. After starting the para control 5 software it is possible to turn the treadmill up and down.

N The crossbar handrail and the safety arch should always be positioned in a way that the subject can walk or run in

the first (front) 40% and/or second (middle) 30% of the running surface length. At the saturn 450/300 the safety arch is moveable. See chapter 5.12 entitled “Operation, General saturn 450/300”.

4.5 During treadmill exercise

N Before entering or escaping the treadmill make sure the running belt does not move. Always enter and escape the

treadmill through the back. Hold the handrails for stability.

N Use the medical running machines and accessories only under permanent supervision of your doctor or/and

medical staff.

N Children are only allowed to use the running machine under constant supervision of a medical doctor or therapist

and only when safeguarded by safety arch with chest belt system or an unweighting system. Additionally h/p/cosmos recommends the use of adjustable handrails.

N When using the treadmill for load tests, a medical doctor and a defibrillator are to be within reach at any time. N Electrical equipment and a subject must never be touched by the doctor or trainer at the same time.

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N The handrail crossbar should be dismounted if a safety arch with chest belt system is installed and used.

Dismounting of the handrail crossbar allows more freedom of motion and is beneficial for applications where holding a front handrail crossbar is not part of the application.

N Do not lean on the UserTerminal. Do not put any pressure on the display. Press the keys softly. N Use of the treadmill should be started with slow walking. After some minutes, the speed can be increased slowly

according to the fitness level.

N Assist means (e.g. arm support or wheelchair stabilizer) must not be left projecting into the running area, they

could interfere with the user's movement.

N Never set too high loads (speed, acceleration, elevation, heart rate, duration, motion support, etc.) if the health and

the condition of the subject/patient do not permit and a medical doctor has not authorized these loads. Disregard may cause injuries and dangerous health problems or even death. At high loads and identifiable risks, higher precautions are necessary. Under no circumstances should the test person/subject/patient be overloaded.

N The automatic operation of the running machine (modes profile, cardio, test, remote control via PC and peripheral

devices) must not be employed if the health and condition of the test person / subject / patient does not permit and if a doctor has not authorized said operation. Disregarding this provision may lead to injuries, serious health problems and even death.

N For automatic operation, the subject/patient and supervisory staff have to appropriate exact knowledge of the

expected loads before starting and anticipate an automatic load alternation (heart rate, speed, acceleration, deceleration, elevation and STOP) at any time. Higher precautions may be necessary. The treadmill belt will start moving automatically and the speed and elevation will be changed automatically after the automatic mode has been started. All users need to be familiar with the details and risks of these modes (e.g. the max. speed and elevation) so that there is no danger of encountering speeds which are too high and which may lead to injury.

N Do not use the cardio mode in case of detected or suspected interference of the wireless heart rate transmission. N The subject must interrupt training immediately if he/she starts feeling sick, dizzy or feels pain. The patient should

consult his/her doctor in this case.

N If the treadmill is being controlled via ECG, pay special attention to the ECG manufacturer’s manual! The summary

of clinical data and the risk management of h/p/cosmos does NOT cover any measured parameters and/or vital functions which are measured and/or detected by host devices (e.g. ECG, ergospirometry devices, EMG, etc.) which are connected to the treadmill.

N “WARNING! Heart rate monitoring systems may be inaccurate. N Over exercising, incorrect or forbidden use may result in serious injury or death. N If the user feels faint, sick, dizzy or pain or in case of any other health problems stop exercising immediately and

see a doctor.

N In case of interference of the POLAR heart rate transmitter, do not rely on the indicated values. Possible sources

of interference can be screens, computers, printers, mobile phones and any radio engineering system, magnetic fields, electric devices, electric motors, transformers, high-voltage transmission lines (also from trains), strong fluorescent tubes nearby, central heating radiators, low batteries, etc.

N If an irregular pulse is displayed in spite of flawless technical condition, please check the pulse manually or, when

in doubt, consult the doctor. The battery power may be low.

N Do not jump onto the rotating running belt. Do not jump off the rotating running belt (not even towards the front). N Do not stop moving or turn around on the rotating running belt. Never run sidewards or backwards. Do not do

anything which could interfere with your balance.

N The emergency stop must be within reach of the subject and the supervisory staff at all times. N The emergency stop should only be used in an emergency, especially when there is a danger of falling. It is not to

be used as a normal stop key.

N In any case of emergency, e.g. danger of stumbling and/or falling, etc: Grab the front crossbar and/or both side

handrails and jump onto the foot rails (step platforms) with both feet. Press the emergency stop button immediately!

N If the treadmill is used with elevation function and the motor is switched off (e.g. by pressing the stop -button or the

emergency stop button, power failure, etc.), the bodyweight of the subject and the force of gravity may cause an acceleration of the running belt. In this case, the user must not step on the rear roller when getting on or off the running surface; the gravity force might cause a movement of the running belt.

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N Reverse belt rotation:

N Turn the key-operated switch for reverse belt rotation only when the running belt is not moving. N Since the subject is running against the usual running belt rotation and therefore has no control of the

UserTerminal, it is necessary to have a supervisor to control the running machine during the training and a safety arch with chest belt system for fall prevention. The models with a crossbar handrail or a motor case cover are equipped with a limited maximum speed.

If unauthorized persons are believed to have access to the running machine or if there are other reasons to lock the device, it has to be blocked for restart. See OP40 in chapter 0 entitled “

Optional settings: User Options”.

N Special cases:

N Elevation control after STOP:

Setting OP 41 to value 1 affects the safety of the subject and third parties. A down movement of the elevation after pressing STOP can result in confusion leading to serious injuries. h/p/cosmos strongly recommends keeping the standard setting of this option. Stop means stop for all movements and should not activate the running machine in any way. It is only allowed to change option 41 after having received written instructions regarding the dangers and after written confirmation of receipt by the customer/user.

N Motor break:

Attention! If the device is switched off or disconnected from the power supply, the motor break will not work! After 10 seconds of operation, the motor break is released automatically and is only activated again after a belt movement. A short jerk may occur during reactivation.

4.6 Machine care

In case of any detected and/or assumed malfunctions and/or defects or unreadable safety labels, the device must be discontinued immediately. The device must be marked accordingly and its operation discontinued (e.g. by pulling the power plug and affixing a warning/defect label on the power plug). The supplier and authorised service personnel are to be informed in writing immediately.

N Damaged socket connections, wires and pressure control switches are to be replaced immediately by trained and

authorised personnel.

N Fluid entering into the device is to be removed immediately by the authorized customer service and a safety check

is to be performed.

N All wear and tear parts are to be replaced at least every two years or earlier if necessary due to first sign of wear

and/or damage.

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5 Operation

5.1 General

The normal position of the walking or running subject should be at the front 40% of the running deck length. As much as 70% of the front of the running deck length can be utilized. The rear 30% of the running belt length should not be used and should provide a buffer zone. Safety devices (pull cord safety actuator, safety arch with chest belt system and stop function, unweighting systems) should be adjusted so that the subject cannot use the rear 30% of the running deck length and the automatic stop function stops the running belt.

The patient/subject is placed onto the correct position on the treadmill. Before using the treadmill, the patient/subject has to be carefully instructed to follow the speed of the running belt and to keep his position, but not hold the handrails during exercise.

A: 100% total length of the running

surface B: 40% recommended position for

heel strike C: 30% tolerated position for

exercise D: 30% not tolerated position for

exercise, should remain

unused (buffer zone)

1: training area 2: free area 3: safety zone behind

the device 4: safety zone in front

of the device

(reverse belt

rotation)

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5.2 Additional information for model saturn 450/300 only

The drive function for the running belt of the saturn 450/300 is the same as at the regular smaller h/p/cosmos treadmills. Controversial to the smaller treadmills, the elevation element is powered by a hydraulic system.

Illustration

Description

Cooler

Electronic valve

Face valve

Hydraulic oil tank

Manometer

Tank lid

Temperature sensor

Visual display for oil level and oil temperature

On the saturn 450/300 the safety arch is movable and can be adjusted to the position of the subject on the running deck.

Left on top of the big UserTerminal there are two buttons for moving the safety arch forward and backward.

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N Holding handrails may affect the exercise results (e.g. heart rate, ECG, oxygen uptake, etc.). N Do not deposit any clothes, towels, jewellery, etc. on the running machine. Objects on the belt

may be tripped over or caught in the gap during rotation of the belt.

Healthy subjects should hold the handrails only in case of emergency or for weight relief. The patient is not allowed to jump or turn around on the rotating belt. Furthermore, he/she should be informed about emergency procedures.

Depending on the prescribed or intended test or training, further devices may be necessary (e.g. heart rate transmitter, ECG or ergospirometry device). The doctor and/or the medical staff are to supervise the patient during the complete test or training. If the heart rate transmitter is used, adjust the belt length so that the belt fits tightly but is not confining. The belt should not loosen while exercising. Close

the belt with the transmitter placed outwards (POLAR logo in right position). In order to allow optimal skin contact, the skin should be damp. Contact gel, as used for ECG, is an excellent moisturizer. Moisten the two electrodes and the skin with water or ECG contact gel. Place the transmitter so that it is directly below the pectoral muscle (chest), as shown in the illustration. For approximately 95 - 98 % of the subjects the "normal" placement of the transmitter belt is recommended.

For further information, see chapter 5.10.4 entitled "Cardio mode

The user selects one of the operation modes (manual, profile, cardio or test mode) of the remote control firmware and selects the prescribed test/training. The software asks the user to confirm or to change default settings. Current values (e.g. exercise time, distance and index) are displayed. A break can be selected with the “-“ key. “PAUS” is then displayed in the speed display. All current values are sustained and will be continued after restart. The test can be cancelled with the “STOP” key. At the end of the treadmill training data can be stored and/or printed, depending on selected mode, connected devices and the software version.

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5.3 Switch on procedure

5.3.1 Switch on procedure model range 150/50 LC (pluto)

no.

Illustration

Description

[01]

Plug the power cord of the running machine directly into the wall socket. The use of extension cables or multiple plug sockets is not allowed.

[02]

Release all emergency stop push buttons (mushroom type) of the running machine.

[03]

Make sure that the device protection switch at the front of the device (front terminal below the hood) is switched on. The indicator light (green) within the switch is illuminated.

[04]

Switch on the running machine by using the silver push button at the UserTerminal. The indicator light within the push button is illuminated (blue).

If the indicator does not flash up, please check the power supply, the device protection switch and the emergency stop.

See chapter 9.1 “Device cannot be powered on”

N If the running machine is at an angle of elevation > 0 when switched on, it will automatically

move to the position zero (display elevation „INIT“). Please ensure that while lowering the

elevation no harm is done to persons or objects under the running machine.

N Plug the running machines directly into the wall socket. Each running machine should be

connected to a separate circuit. Mark the socket with the name and serial number of the running machine.

N The use of extension cables or multiple plug sockets is not allowed. N Electrical devices with mains connections must neither be used in wet and humid areas

(e.g. swimming pools, saunas, etc.) nor in environmental chambers.

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5.3.2 Switch on procedure model range 150/50 up to 190/65 (mercury, quasar, pulsar)

no.

Illustration

Description

[05]

Plug the power cord of the running machine directly into the wall socket. The use of extension cables or multiple plug sockets is not allowed.

[06]

Release all emergency stop buttons of the running machine.

[07]

Make sure that the expulsion fuse at the front of the device (front terminal below the hood) is switched on.

N If the running machine is at an angle of elevation > 0 when switched on, it will automatically

move to the position zero (display elevation „INIT“). Please ensure that while lowering the elevation no harm is done to persons or objects under the running machine.

N Plug the running machines directly into the wall socket. Each running machine should be

connected to a separate circuit. Mark the socket with the name and serial number of the running machine.

N The use of extension cables or multiple plug sockets is not allowed. N Electrical devices with mains connections must neither be used in wet and humid areas

(e.g. swimming pools, saunas, etc.) nor in environmental chambers.

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[08]

Switch on the running machine by using the white key (until 2003 green "ON" or "I" key) at the FrontTerminal. For some models built before the year 12/2007 the location of the ON-/OFF-key may also be the UserTerminal.

The indicator light within the key (push button) is illuminated. If the indicator does not flash up, please check the power supply, the expulsion fuse and the emergency stop.

Devices for sports and fitness before manufacturing date 12/2007:

The running machine can be switched on directly at the expulsion fuse on the FrontTerminal (frontal section below the hood) to the setting "stand-by mode". If the emergency stop has been activated, a flashing notice „PULL STOP“ appears on the display.

Expulsion fuse and

main switch 2- or 3-pole

ON / OFF button

with control lamp

ON / OFF button

until 2003

5.3.3 Switch on procedure model range 200/75 up to 300/125 (venus / saturn)

no.

Illustration

Description

[01]

Plug the power cord of the running machine directly into the CEE wall socket.

Only the model saturn 450/300rs has a permanent connection to the mains and no power plug.

N If the running machine is at an angle of elevation > 0 when switched on, it will automatically

move to the position zero (display elevation „INIT“). Please ensure that while lowering the

elevation no harm is done to persons or objects under the running machine.

N Plug the running machines directly into the wall socket. (Model 450/300 has permanent

connection and no power plug). Each running machine should be connected to a separate circuit. Mark the socket with the name and serial number of the running machine.

N The use of extension cables or multiple plug sockets is not allowed. N Electrical devices with mains connections must neither be used in wet and humid areas

(e.g. swimming pools, saunas, etc.) nor in environmental chambers.

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[02]

Release all emergency stop buttons of the treadmill ergometer.

[03]

In case of any problems / malfunction: Make sure that all expulsion fuses in the external switching cabinet are switched on. Opening of the device must only be performed by authorized technicians.

[04]

Switch on the running machine by using the main switch at the right side of the external UserTerminal (control unit). The main switch has to be turned 90° clockwise as shown in the picture. The main switch can be secured against unauthorized access with a padlock.

[05]

After a delay time (green light is blinking) of 1 minute the green light stops blinking and stays illuminated. Now the running machine can be powered on by pressing the “ON” push button.

For models built before the year 2012 the green lamp extinguishes after the switch on delay of 1 minute.

5.3.4 Switch on procedure model saturn 450/300

no.

Illustration

Description

[01]

Release all emergency stop buttons of the treadmill ergometer.

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[02]

In case of any problems / malfunction: Make sure that all expulsion fuses in the external switching cabinet are switched on. Opening of the device must only be performed by authorized technicians.

[03]

[04]

Press the “power on” push button. After a delay time (green light is blinking) of 1 minute the green light stops blinking and stays illuminated.

Now the hydraulic for the elevation system and the running machine are powered on and ready for getting started.

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5.4 Switch off procedure

5.4.1 Switch off procedure model range 150/50 LC (pluto)

no.

Illustration

Description

[01]

Switch off the running machine by using the silver push button at the UserTerminal. The indicator light (blue) within the push button extinguishes.

5.4.2 Switch off procedure model range 150/50 up to 190/65 (mercury, quasar, pulsar)

no.

Illustration

Description

[02]

Switch off the running machine by pressing the black or red “OFF” push button at the front of the device. The indicator light within the key extinguishes. For some models the location of the ON-/OFF-key may also be at the UserTerminal. Devices for sports and fitness manufactured before 12/2007 can be switched off directly with the expulsion fuse at the FrontTerminal (frontal section below the hood).

5.4.3 Switch off procedure model range 200/75 up to 300/125 (venus / saturn)

no.

Illustration

Description

[01]

To switch into “stand by” mode press the black “OFF” push button.

[02]

Then switch off the running machine turn the red main switch at the right side of the external control unit. The main switch has to be turned 90° counter clockwise. The main switch can be secured against unauthorized access with a padlock.

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5.4.4 Switch off procedure model saturn 450/300

no.

Illustration

Description

[01]

Press the “power off” push button.

[02]

Switch off the running machine by using the main switch at the right side of the external UserTerminal (control unit). The main switch has to be turned 90° counterclockwise as shown in the picture. The main switch can be secured against unauthorized access with a padlock.

N The ON-/OFF intervals must not be shorter than 1-2 minutes (for models with 3-phase

connection: 2-3 minutes). This may otherwise lead to interference and/or failure of the backup and/or data loss and/or data corruption.

N Models for medical application with the isolation transformer have an inrush current limiter

(surge guard). Too short ON/OFF intervals will lead to a deactivation of the inrush current limiter and result in an overload of the circuit fuse.

N If the device is used daily, we recommend switching it on in the morning and leave it in stand-by

mode during the day.

N Press the emergency stop only in case of danger. N The emergency stop is not to be used as a normal stop key.

5.5 Emergency Stop, stop buttons, stop functions and safety features

In case of emergency, e.g. danger of stumbling and/or falling, etc., grab the front crossbar and/or both side handrails and jump onto the foot rails (step platforms) with both feet.

The emergency stop button is to be pressed immediately!

h/p/cosmos is in compliance with the norm EN 957-6 and offers more safety features than required, as shown in the following tables. In all below mentioned cases, all displayed values will be reset to “0”.

N Use the emergency stop only if in danger. N The emergency stop is not to be used as a normal stop key.

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Type of Stop

Function

Interface communication

How to restart

Safety Stop = Emergency Stop

on UserTerminal

N palm switch is hit N running belt & inclination system stop fast N machine is cut off from main power of

drive motor and inclination system

N display, keyboard and interface inactive

interrupted

during cut-off from main power

N wait 1 minute N turn palm switch to

the right

N push “ON” button at

main power switch

N press START key at

UserTerminal or new command via interface

Safety Stop = Emergency Stop

N mushroom switch is hit N running belt & inclination system stop fast N machine is cut off from main power of

drive motor and inclination system

N display, keyboard and interface inactive

interrupted

during cut-off from main power

N wait 1 minute N pull mushroom switch N push “ON” button at

main power switch

N press START key at

UserTerminal or new command via interface

Quick Stop

models venus / saturn Emergency stop button is connected to

the “quick stop port”

of the UserTerminal

N mushroom switch is hit N running belt & inclination system stop

extremely fast

N drive motor is used to stop the running belt

very fast

N machine is NOT cut off from main power

of drive motor and inclination system

N display active, shows “PULL STOP” N interface active, but no start, speed or

elevation signal executed

N keyboard inactive

NOT

interrupted

during Quick Stop stage

N pull mushroom switch N „pull-stop“ advice

stays for 10 seconds

N press START key at

UserTerminal or new command via interface

Quick Stop at safety arch

N subject wears chest belt/harness, safety

rope is pulled > approx. 10 kg

N running belt & inclination system stop very

fast

N drive motor is used to stop the running belt

very fast on the oversize machines

venus/saturn

N machine is NOT cut-off from main power

of drive motor and inclination system

N display active & shows “PULL STOP” N interface active, but no start, speed or

elevation signal executed

N keyboard inactive

NOT

Interrupted

during Quick Stop and/or

“PULL STOP”

stage

N release weight from

safety rope

N (for venus / saturn:

„pull-stop“ advice

stays for 10 seconds)

N press START key at

UserTerminal or new

command via

interface

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emergency stop switch (safety lanyard with actuator & pull cord)

N subject struggles, cord pulls out the

magnet

N running belt & inclination system stop fast N machine is NOT cut off from main power

of drive motor and inclination system

N display active, shows “PULL STOP” N interface active, but no start, speed or

elevation signal executed

N keyboard inactive

The emergency stop switch (safety lanyard with actuator, pull cord and clip) of the 150/50 LC (pluto) cuts off the main power no message is shown at the dispays

NOT

interrupted

during

“PULL STOP”

stage

N reconnect magnet to

its position at

UserTerminal

N press START key or

new command via

interface

Additional stop button

for arm support

N Stop button is pushed N running belt & inclination system stop fast N machine is NOT cut off from main power

of drive motor and inclination system

N display active, shows “PULL STOP” N interface active, but no start, speed or

elevation signal executed

N keyboard inactive

NOT

interrupted

during

“PULL STOP”

stage

N release push force

from the button

N press START key or

new command

through interface

Quick stop

by light barriers (venus / saturn)

N light beam is interrupted N running belt & inclination system stop

extremely fast

N drive motor is used to stop the running belt

very fast

N machine is NOT cut off from main power

of drive motor and inclination system

N display active and shows “PULL STOP” N interface active, but no start, speed or

elevation signal executed

N keyboard inactive

NOT

interrupted

during Quick Stop stage

N remove obstacle from

light beam

N „pull-stop“ advice

stays for 10 seconds

N press START key

or new command through interface

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5.6 UserTerminal / Control Terminal

N Do not lean on the UserTerminal. Do not put any pressure on the display. N Press the keys softly, as confirmation, you will hear a beep.

The oversize running machines series h/p/cosmos venus® and h/p/cosmos saturn® are equipped with an external control unit with integrated UserTerminal or TouchPanel.

“lt” models are delivered without UserTerminal. It is possible to re-fit “lt”models and to equip oversize running machines with an additional UserTerminal on the handrail (see chapter 12 entitled “Accessories and options”).

External Control Terminal “control desk”

UserTerminal TouchPanel retro fit kit

If your running machine has no UserTerminal (no display, no keyboard), it can only be controlled via interface RS 232, e.g. via ECG, Ergospirometry, PC with software h/p/cosmos para graphics® or h/p/cosmos para control®. Compatible peripheral devices are listed in chapter 12 entitled “Accessories and options”.

More recent computers will only have a USB interface instead of the RS232 interface. In that case, a „USB to RS232 interface adapter“ is available at h/p/cosmos under order number [cos12769-01]. For control via USB interface the processor must be a Pentium 1.8 GHz or higher. To use all functions described below and for maintenance and service, we recommend the PC software h/p/cosmos para control® (Freeware).

If unauthorized persons are believed to have access to the running machine or if there are other reasons to lock the device, it has to be blocked for restart. See option “OP40“ in chapter 0

With OP 41 ... 44 you can also lock separate modes (manual, profile, cardio, test).

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5.6.1 The keyboard

The keys may also have special functions within the different operation modes (see the following chapters).

The red coloured STOP button next to the START button on the UserTerminal is NOT an emergency button which is disconnecting from the mains power supply. It is not an emergency control based on IEC 60601-1:2005. In case of emergency press the big emergency stop push button (mushroom style button).

5.6.2 The display

The display consists of six four-digit LCD displays which show speed, time, index (MET, energy consumption, wattage, alternating), distance, elevation (inclination) and heart rate. Error codes and service information can also be displayed. Next to the LCD displays you will find light-emitting diodes (LED) which indicate the selected operation mode or measuring unit (LED )

Flashing displays indicate:

N select option (LED ) N alterable parameter (LCD) N interference / error

basic functions

selection of mode (manual, profile, cardio, test) alteration of parameters (speed, acceleration / deceleration) selection of options, program parameters

basic functions

alteration of elevation program steps

basic functions

confirmation of mode (manual, profile, cardio, test) confirmation of parameters (speed, time, pulse, etc.) confirmation of options (measuring unit) start (of selected mode)

basic functions

STOP discontinuance of operation

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If the running machine has been stopped by reducing the speed with the a key („PAUS“-position), the displays continue with the previous values after re-starting. The indicated values remain after stopping the running machine until ... ... the running machine has been re- started with the c key ... the mode (manual, profile, cardio, test) has been changed

... the display has been initiated by pressing the b key once more

Standard configuration of the LCD displays and LEDs.



 LED on /  LED off

speed

LED

status

unit

definition

max m/min

km/h

m/s mph

    

m/min

km/h

m/s mph

0.1

0.1 or 0.01

running distance

LED

status

unit

definition

km miles

  

km miles

0.1

running time

LED

status

unit

definition

mm:ss

hh:mm

1 1

elevation

program sequence (step) / -number (no)

LED

status

unit

definition



step no

   

0.1

0.1 1 1

display

LED

status

unit

definition

MET * energy consumption wattage fitness-index (UKK)

MET

energy

power

  

MET

Watt Index

0.1 1

1 1

* One metabolic equivalent (MET) is defined as the consumption of oxygen during sedentary life. Two MET correspond to the consumption while walking at ca. 3.5 km/h and 8 MET correspond to the consumption while running at ca. 13 km/h. MET display is not available for all models.

display

LED

status

unit

definition

heart rate (max.) heart rate (min.) sex

age weight height of subject

 

Sex M = male F = female Age Weight

H ....

  



 

1/min

1/min M/F

year kg cm

1 1 1

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5.6.3 External UserTerminal control unit

Running machines with running surface size 200/75cm upwards have to be started using the main switch (further descriptions chapter “switch on procedure”).

elevation speed

Switch for slow or fast change of elevation (fast: switch is blue lighted)

belt direction

Switch for forward / backward running (backward: switch is blue lighted)

belt alignment – adjust it!

Running belt is moving outside tolerance range. yellow lighted: belt out of tolerance yellow blinking: belt severe out of tolerance

check power supply!

Power supply too high or low or phase breakdown Check only by trained and authorized technician

oil tank empty

Refill oil tank (see chapter 8.4.5)

light barrier / quick stop active

One or more safety features activated: check light barrier front/back, safety arch and further safety features

switch on delay

For protection of electric components the green indicator is blinking for 1min. until device can be started (indicator is green lighted)

“on”-button

Switches the device on (only possible after switch on delay)

“off”-button

Switches the device off (green indicator is blinking for 1 min.)

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5.6.4 TouchPanel

N Do not lean on the TouchPanel. Do not put any pressure on the display. N Press the TouchPanel softly.

The operation of the TouchPanel works via the touch-sensitive surface of the screen.

The TouchPanel PC turns on automatically with the external control unit.

In case the TouchPanel PC does not boot up it can be switched on manually. Therefore the external control unit has to be opened in order to reach the power switch at the rear of the TouchPanel PC. Opening of the device must only be performed by authorized technicians.

After booting up, h/p/cosmos para control will start automatically and show these safety instructions.

Before the running machine can be used, the safety instructions have to be read and confirmed with a click on the respective confirm button: “I fully understand and accept”.

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The TouchPanel can be used like a physical UserTerminal as described in the chapter “UserTerminal”.

To make the software as user-friendly as possible it has been designed in exactly the same style as the physical UserTerminal of the h/p/cosmos running machine. The great advantage is that everyone who is familiar with the running machine is also able to control the machine with h/p/cosmos para control.

Furthermore there are a lot of additional functions like next target speed with a click on the speed display, next target elevation with a click on the elevation display, direct change of modes, cool down, quick stop, count-down, option settings, etc. For details read the manual of h/p/cosmos para control.

http://www.h-p-cosmos.com/downloads/manual/20110711_cos10071-v4.0man-en_manual_h-pcosmos_para_control_4.0.pdf

5.6.5 External UserTerminal control unit model saturn 450/300

N Do not lean on the TouchPanel. Do not put any pressure on the display. N Press the TouchPanel softly.

The operation of the TouchPanel works via the touch-sensitive surface of the screen.

The TouchPanel PC turns on automatically when the external control unit is powered on.

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Before the running machine can be used, the safety instructions have to be read and confirmed with a click on the respective confirm button: “I fully understand and accept”.

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5.7 Application: Ergometry / Cardiology ECG treadmill stress test

This test is indicated for patients who are suspected of having a cardiovascular disease (diagnostics and therapy). The benefit will be that disease of the cardiovascular system may be detected and treated early and in a controlled surrounding. The benefit of this application can only be achieved in combination with an external ECG device and diagnosis and therapy have to be performed by a medical doctor.

If controlling the treadmill via ECG, pay special attention to the ECG manufacturer’s manual! The summary of clinical data and the risk management of h/p/cosmos do NOT cover any measured parameters and/or vital functions which are measured and/or detected by host devices (e.g. ECG, ergospirometry devices, EMG, etc.) connected to the treadmill.

In order to check the reaction of the cardiovascular system to physical load, the patient is confronted with steadily increasing load on the treadmill. h/p/cosmos para control® or h/p/cosmos para graphics® offers protocols that provide an increasing load to the patient either by

N increasing velocity at constant elevation, N increasing elevation at constant velocity or N a combination of both.

The protocols can be selected in the “test-mode” (see chapter 5.10.5 “Test mode”). You can also create a user-defined profile, either using the “graded test” or the “freely definable user profiles”.

Also see guidelines of German or American Heart Associations: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie – Herz- und Kreislaufforschung e. V: http://leitlinien.dgk.org American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org and http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/96/1/345.full

5.8 Application: Gait analysis and rehabilitation with neurologic patients

Gait analysis, gait correction and rehabilitation on the treadmill is indicated for patients suffering from pathologic gait pattern, e.g. after stroke.

Neurologic gait therapy could be performed using any h/p/cosmos treadmill, but with different comfort. h/p/cosmos recommends the use of h/p/cosmos locomotion® with unweighting system “airwalk se” to perform the gait training in a controlled surrounding on the treadmill. The unweighting system prevents falling, and the duration of therapy can be increased. Arm supports and expander cables with leg cuffs (robowalk®) can be also used for support. The still adaptive neuronal system is stimulated via motion support in manual locomotion therapy, and an improvement of the motion pattern for many patients can be reached under safe circumstances. Manual locomotion therapy is the basis of physiologic treatment of neurologic patients. The patient walks on the treadmill while the therapist is sitting next to

him/her, supporting and correcting the patient’s motion. Only very low speed is needed; it makes sense to control the treadmill in the “manual mode” at a speed of 0.1 to 4.0 km/h.

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5.9 Application: Gait analysis and rehabilitation with force measurement plates

The h/p/cosmos Kistler Gaitway® is an h/p/cosmos treadmill based on the model mercury® med, equipped with two Kistler force measurement plates. It is the only h/p/cosmos treadmill with these features. The system measures the vertical ground reaction forces and thereby collects a large amount of force and time-based gait parameters. The total force path can be displayed with the Kistler Gaitway® software. Experts know how to interpret the force path and use it as basis for therapy.

Gait analysis is indicated in the following cases:

N Pathologic gait pattern, arthritis in ankles N Femoropatellar syndrome N Knee joint problems N Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

The following figures show four examples of the clinical benefit of h/p/cosmos gaitway® with KISTLER force plates:

Arthritis in the upper ankle

4 weeks later

Femoropatellar syndrome

4 weeks later

After four weeks of gait therapy you can see a considerable improvement of gait symmetry, documented by comparison of the ground reaction forces.

Jumper’s knee

VKB plastic

(source: www.h-p-cosmos.com/downloads/videos/20061114_h-p-cosmos_gaitway_gait_analysis_workshop_Radovanovic_en.ppt)

Further literature about gait analysis, confirming the benefit of using treadmills: Dr. rer. medic. A. Nagel / Dr. med. A. Spitz Instrumentale Ganganalyse – Praktische Anwendung und Versorgungsbeispiele Versorgungsbeispiel 1: Bewegungsanalyse und Einlagen, http://www.ortholine.de/09_nagel.pdf

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5.10 Modes of operation (via keyboard or PC software para control 4.1)

The running machine is equipped with four modes of operation: Manual mode, profile mode, cardio mode and test mode. The automatic modes (profile mode, cardio mode and test mode) are for starting a training profile, a heart rate dependent speed and elevation control or a test profile. Each mode can be disabled by optional settings. This can be required in special cases for additional safety (for example to fully lock the device and secure against unauthorized operation) or to reduce functions for more simple operation. Switching between modes is partially possible, while the running machine is in operation (see chapter 5.10.2 “Manual mode“). The incorporated serial interface with “coscom® v3” interface protocol is always active. This means that you can send and receive data/commands at any time (parallel) and during any mode. Always the latest command will be executed, regardless of whether the command came via interface or from the UserTerminal during one of the four modes.

For better and easier documentation, we recommend using a printer linked to the serial interface RS 232 or/and using the software h/p/cosmos para graphics® on an external PC.

N The treadmill belt will start moving automatically and the speed and elevation will be changed

automatically after an automatic mode (profile, cardio, test or control via interface) has been started. All users need to be familiar with the details and risks of these modes (e.g. the max. speed and elevation) in order to avoid the danger of too high speeds and injuries.

N Automatic operation (profile mode, cardio mode, test mode, remote control via PC and

peripheral devices) is prohibited, if the health and the condition of the subject/patient do not permit and a medical doctor has not authorized the loads. Disregard may cause injuries and serious health problems or even death.

N At automatic operation, the subject/patient and supervisory staff have to impropriate exact

knowledge about the expected loads before starting and anticipate an automatic load alternation (speed, acceleration, deceleration, elevation and STOP) at any time. Higher precautions may be necessary.

N Never set too high loads (heart rate, speed, acceleration, elevation, duration), if the health and

the condition of the subject/patient do not permit and a doctor has not authorized these loads. Disregard may cause injuries and serious health problems or even death. Higher precautions may be necessary in the event of identifiable risks.

After switching-on, the mode has to be selected with a or d and be confirmed with c

(see 4 LEDs).

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5.10.1 Acceleration levels

The individual selectable acceleration and deceleration parameters of speed include intensities from extremely slow to extremely fast. Top speed can be reached in any time from 3 to 131 seconds. Seven different acceleration and deceleration levels are available for all modes and for remote control via interface and h/p/cosmos coscom® protocol (see the following diagrams). The acceleration levels are programmable for every program step of the individual profiles in the profile mode and test mode. The acceleration levels are accessible by pressing the "speed-keys" + and minus several times and then holding the key. The acceleration levels are also accessible via interface and optional PC software h/p/cosmos para control® and h/p/cosmos para graphics®.

[a] speed in km/h, [b] time in seconds

Example: Time to a maximum speed of 40 km/h: Intensity (level) [1] 131 sec., [2] 66 sec., [3] 33 sec., [4] 16 sec., [5] 8 sec., [6] 5 sec. and [7] 3 sec.

N Slow acceleration (level 1 or 2) is for rehabilitation and for fitness for beginners. N Medium acceleration (level 3 or 4) is for well-trained subjects for speeding up or slowing down relatively fast. N High acceleration (level 5 to 7) is only for trained athletes for sprint training and other competitive sports

applications. Therefore the high accelerations are only accessible via special release in the optional functions, protected by access key.

Permissible maximum and minimum acceleration levels can be limited.

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5.10.2 Manual mode

The following table shows the operating steps for running the treadmill via firmware or software h/p/cosmos para control.

Operation of profile mode Initiation: Running belt is not moving. One of the modes LED is flashing: (manual, profile, cardio, test)

Step no.

Activity

Keys

Response / Display

[01]

Select manual mode

a or d

Alteration of the mode (manual, profile, cardio, test) until manual is flashing

[02]

Start manual mode

A: standard (in case of deactivation in the optional functions):

manual, km/h, m and % are illuminated met, energy and power are illuminated alternately

Running belt accelerates up to the pre-selected starting speed (standard: 0.5 km/h, can be changed in the optional settings), start of measuring

% indicates present heart rate: P. 40 ... P. 220. The display indicates every

single heart beat with a flashing dot behind the P.

B: In case of activation in the optional functions:

% indicates: 65 flashing (for 65 kg body weight), weight is illuminated

Enter the actual body weight with a or d, then c for an accurate calculation of the POWER and ENERGY consumption.

Further steps see A

[03]

Alteration of speed

a or d

press and hold

Speed is being increased / reduced (0-max)

If speed is being reduced to 0, PAUS is displayed =. Current values will

be sustained.

[04]

Alteration of acceleration/ deceleration level

a or d

press and hold

Example: to select acceleration level “3”, press the corresponding key 3 times and then hold. (Standard value = 4, maximum 7 levels, may be limited by optional settings)

[05]

Pause mode

PAUS is displayed. =. Running belt stops. All displays stop. Current values will be sustained. After restart with d or c all displayed values will be

"added".

[06]

Alteration of elevation

f or e

press and hold

Elevation is being increased / reduced (0 ... max.)

[07]

Switch to the next or previous mode

c + d

c + a

Switch to the next or previous mode. This is a perfect way to change the mode without stopping the belt.

[08]

Stop running belt

Running belt stops. (Deceleration time can be adjusted in the optional functions) Displayed values and selected mode remain for 2 minutes and will then be deleted (reset) automatically (or after second time pressing the stop button).

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5.10.3 Profile mode

Description

The profile mode offers six different profiles, which, with the help of various speed and elevation combinations, simulate easy running training as well as a cross-country run. Each profile consists of defined program steps. All of the six profiles are predefined. They can be modified during operation, but modifications cannot be stored. Tests no 21-28 are reserved for user-defined (freely programmable) profiles. In case it is activated (= standard deactivated) in the user options, with OP11 the maximum speed, maximum elevation and the duration of the six profiles can be scaled in order to provide 6 x 6 x 6 (=216) variations of profiles. Standard set-up is without scaling for quicker and easier access.

Profiles 1-3 are time-dependent and without elevation, profiles 4-6 are time-dependent and with elevation. As optional feature for some models, on memory location 30…99 additional program profiles may be included. The following six tables contain the standard values, if the profiles have not been scaled. For activation of scaling function, see chapter 0 entitled “

Optional settings: User Options”.

Profile 1

Endurance interval for beginners

= m/sec

= km/h

! min

$ %

Warming up

1.8

6.5

4.0

0.0

High 1

2.5

9.0

0.5

0.0

Low 1

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 2

2.5

9.0

0.5

0.0

Low 2

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 3

2.5

9.0

0.5

0.0

Low 3

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 4

2.5

9.0

0.5

0.0

Low 4

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 5

2.5

9.0

0.5

0.0

Low 5

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 6

2.5

9.0

0.5

0.0

Low 6

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0 25 min

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Profile 2

Endurance interval standard

= m/sec

= km/h

! min

$ %

Warming up

2.0

7.2

5.0

0.0

High 1

2.5

9.0

3.0

0.0

Low 1

2.0

7.2

2.0

0.0

High 2

2.5

9.0

3.0

0.0

Low 2

2.0

7.2

2.0

0.0

High 3

2.5

9.0

3.0

0.0

Low 3

2.0

7.2

2.0

0.0

High 4

2.5

9.0

3.0

0.0

Low 4

2.0

7.2

2.0

0.0 25 min

Profile 3

Progressive interval

= m/sec

= km/h

! min

$ %

Warming up

2.8

10.1

4.0

0.0

High 1

3.2

11.5

2.0

0.0

Low 1

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 2

3.6

13.0

1.0

0.0

Low 2

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 3

4.0

14.4

1.0

0.0

Low 3

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 4

3.6

13.0

1.0

0.0

Low 4

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 5

3.2

11.5

1.0

0.0

Low 5

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 6

3.2

11.5

1.0

0.0

Low 6

2.8

10.1

4.0

0.0 25 min

Profile 4

Endurance interval for beginners

= m/sec

= km/h

! min

$ %

Warming up

1.8

6.5

4.0

0.0

High 1

2.5

9.0

0.5

5.0

Low 1

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 2

2.5

9.0

0.5

10.0

Low 2

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 3

2.5

9.0

0.5

10.0

Low 3

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 4

2.5

9.0

0.5

10.0

Low 4

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 5

2.5

9.0

0.5

10.0

Low 5

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0

High 6

2.5

9.0

0.5

10.0

Low 6

1.8

6.5

3.0

0.0 25 min

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Profile 5

Endurance interval standard

= m/sec

= km/h

! min

$ %

Warming up

2.0

7.2

5.0

High 1

2.5

9.0

3.0

0.0

Low 1

2.0

7.2

2.0

10.0

High 2

2.5

9.0

3.0

0.0

Low 2

2.0

7.2

2.0

10.0

High 3

2.5

9.0

3.0

0.0

Low 3

2.0

7.2

2.0

10.0

High 4

2.5

9.0

3.0

0.0

Low 4

2.0

7.2

2.0

10.0

25 min

Profile 6

Progressive interval / elevation

= m/sec

= km/h

! min

$ %

Warming up

2.8

10.1

4.0

0.0

High 1

3.2

11.5

2.0

10.0

Low 1

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 2

3.6

13.0

1.0

7.5

Low 2

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 3

4.0

14.4

1.0

5.0

Low 3

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 4

3.6

13.0

1.0

7.5

Low 4

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 5

3.2

11.5

1.0

5.0

Low 5

2.8

10.1

2.0

0.0

High 6

3.2

11.5

1.0

5.0

Low 6

2.8

10.1

4.0

0.0 25 min

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The following table shows the operating steps for running the treadmill via firmware or software h/p/cosmos para control®.

Operation of profile mode Initiation: Running belt is not moving. One of the modes LED is flashing: (manual, profile, cardio, test)

Step no.

Activity

Keys

Response / Display

[01]

Select profile mode

a or d

Alteration of the mode (manual, profile, cardio, test) until  profile is flashing

[02]

Start profile mode

 profile is illuminated,  speed max. is illuminated  program no. is illuminated

= indicates max. speed in this profile ! indicates duration of this profile $ indicates profile no. 1

[03]

Select profile no. 1 ... 6

a or d

$ indicates selected profile no. 1 ... 6

[04]

Start the selected profile no. 1 ... 6

A: standard (in case of deactivation in the optional functions):

 profile is illuminated,  % and step are illuminated alternately  kJ and Watt are illuminated alternately

Running belt accelerates up to the starting speed of the first program step. 5 seconds before the next program step there is an acoustic countdown. Start of measuring. All displays indicate the actual values. The belt stops automatically according to the profile duration. The belt can be stopped at any time with the

help of b.

B: In case of activation in the optional functions:

" indicates: SC 3 (scaling 1 ... 6) is flashing = indicates max. speed according to the scaling (in this profile)

 speed max. is illuminated

! indicates time (duration) according to the scaling (in this profile)

With a or d and then c, the scaling of max. speed, elevation, time and distance can be changed. In this way more variations can be created from the 6

standard profiles. Continue with A

[05]

Stop running belt

Running belt stops. (Deceleration time can be adjusted in the optional functions)

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Possibilities of interfering within the profile mode manually

Initiation: Profile mode is selected, running-belt is moving

Step no.

Activity

Keys

Response / Display

[01]

Alteration of speed

a or d

press and hold

Speed is being increased / reduced (0 - max)

If speed is being reduced to 0, PAUS is displayed =.

Current values will be sustained. Alteration of the speed is online only for this single step. The speed cannot be changed in the memory. Next program step as defined in the profile.

[02]

Alteration of acceleration / deceleration

press several times

and then hold

Example: to select acceleration or deceleration level “3”, press the corresponding key 3 times and then hold. (Standard value = 4, maximum 7 levels, may be limited by optional settings)

[03]

Pause mode =interfere with a program step

= indicates PAUS. Running belt stops. All displays stop.

Current values will be sustained. After restart with d or c all displayed values will be added.

[04]

Alteration of elevation

f or e

press and hold

Elevation is being increased / reduced (0-max.)

Alteration of the elevation is online only for this single step. The elevation cannot be changed in the memory. Next program step as defined in the profile.

[05]

Switch over to the next or previous program step

and simultaneous

e or f

Jump over to the next program step, or jump to the previous program step.

[06]

Switch to the next or previous mode

c + d

c + a

Switch to the next or previous mode. This is a perfect way to change the mode without stopping the belt.

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5.10.4 Cardio mode

Description

Cardio mode means heart rate controlled work load („pulse control“ cardio-training). The cardio mode controls the speed and/or elevation of the running machine, so that the heart rate of the subject stays within a predefined zone. Therefore, the subject has to wear a corresponding chest belt with heart rate transmitter.

For information and correct chest belt placement see also chapter 5 “Operation”.

Note for patients with pacemaker

The expert report from the “Herzschrittmacher-Institute in Kochel”, Germany states that a negative influence or danger for patients with implanted pacemakers is impossible. Nevertheless, we recommend all patients with pacemakers consult their doctor before using the POLAR heart rate measurement system.

Source: Herzschrittmacherinstitut, Rothenberg Süd 18, 82431 Kochel am See / Germany.

N Read all safety instructions and warnings in the instruction manual of this machine and of all

accessories and options involved.

exercising immediately and see a doctor.

N In case of detected or suspected interference of the wireless heart rate transmission do not

use the cardio mode.

N The operation of the cardio mode is prohibited if the health and the condition of the subject /

patient do not permit and a doctor has not authorized these loads. Disregard may cause injuries and serious health problems.

N In automatic mode the subject/patient and supervisory staff have to impropriate exact

knowledge of the expected loads before starting and anticipate an automatic load change (speed, acceleration, deceleration, elevation and STOP) at any time. Higher precautions may be necessary.

The following parameters can be programmed:

N The desired maximum heart rate (pulse) during the training N The desired minimal heart rate (pulse) during the training N The maximum allowed speed for the cardio mode. Elevation can be set manually during the exercise.

The running machine starts with the starting speed. In order to keep the heart rate within the pre-selected heart rate zone, the machine increases or decreases the speed automatically if necessary. The speed will not exceed the max. defined speed. If the max. speed has been reached and the heart rate of the subject is still below the target zone, the elevation will be increased to achieve the target hart rate. On the other hand, if the max. heart rate has been reached, the elevation and then the speed will be reduced in order to relieve the subject.

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If the running machine does not receive a heart rate signal when starting the cardio mode, it will start with the set starting speed and will not alter this speed. Every 30 seconds a warning signal is audible, after 1 minute the running machine cancels the mode (at MCU5 firmware-versions < V1.03.1 or MCU4 firmware-versions < V4.04.2, the running machine cancels after 2 minutes). If the heart rate signal fails during the operation in the cardio mode, the running machine will continue running in the actual set speed and angle of inclination. In this case, beeper alert signal will be activated every 30 seconds. The running machine will run down speed to 2 km/h and the mode will be terminated after 1 minute (at MCU5 firmware-versions < V1.03.1 or MCU4 firmware-versions < V4.04.2, the running machine chancels after 2 minutes).

Examples: a) Set max. speed 4.0 km/h if you want the subject only to walk and to control the load by means of elevation. b) Set max. speed 20.0 km/h if you want the subject to control the load by means of speed only without elevation.

The running machine adjusts speed and elevation according to the following matrix.

Chart for heart rate-controlled work load at the heart rate lower level

Heart rate difference actual > < set value

Speed (km/h)

Elevation (%)

Time (s)

0 ... 5

0.2

0.1

5.1 ... 15

0.4

0.2

15.1 ... 30

0.6

0.4

30.1 ... 50

0.8

> 50

1.0

Chart for heart rate controlled work load at the heart rate upper level

Heart rate difference actual > < set value

Speed (km/h

Elevation (%)

Time (s)

0 ... 5

0.3

5.1 ... 15

0.8

15.1 ... 30

1.0

30.1 ... 50

1.5

1.2

> 50

2.0

1.6

The following table show the operating steps to run the treadmill via firmware or software h/p/cosmos para control®

Operation of cardio mode

Initiation: Running-Belt is not moving. One of the modes LED  is flashing: (manual, profile, cardio, test)

Step no.

Activity

Keys

Response / Display

[01]

Select cardio mode

a or d

Alteration of the mode (manual, profile, cardio, test) until cardio is flashing

[02]

Start cardio mode

 cardio is illuminated,  speed max. is illuminated

= indicates 6.0 is (for max. speed during cardio mode).

This default value can be changed in the optional settings.

 % is illuminated,  energy is illuminated

[03]

Change max. speed for cardio mode

a or d

= indicates flashing: 2.0 ... max. speed of the running

machine (for max. allowed speed during cardio mode)

Examples: a) Set max. speed 4.0 if you want the subject only to walk and to control the load by means of elevation. b) Set max. Speed 20.0 if you want the subject to control the load by means of speed only without elevation.

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[04]

Confirm max. speed for cardio mode

 cardio is illuminated,  speed max. is illuminated

= indicates 2.0 ... max. speed of the machine (for max.

allowed speed during cardio mode)

 years is illuminated

% flashing number indicates flashing: 35 (subject's age)

[05]

Select personal age

a or d

 years is illuminated

% indicates flashing: 0 ... 100 (for the age)

(from firmware V3.02.4: 18 ... 100)

[06]

Confirm personal age

  is illuminated

% flashing number indicates the suggested max. level of

the heart rate. Calculated with the formula: 180 minus age

Important: according to your health condition and according to the advice of your medical doctor, you can/must change this

level. If no changes are required, confirm the value with c

[07]

Change upper level of heart rate

a or d

  is illuminated

% flashing number indicates max. level of the heart rate

[08]

Confirm upper level of heart rate

  is illuminated

% flashing number indicates the suggested min. level of

the heart rate. Calculated with the formula: max. level of heart rate minus 10

[09]

Change lower level of heart rate

a or d

  is illuminated

% flashing min. level of the heart rate

[10]

Confirm lower level of heart rate and start of the running belt

Running belt starts from 0 up to a speed of 0,5 km/h

 cardio is illuminated

 or  is illuminated, indicating that the present heart rate is

too low or too high

% indicates present heart rate: P. 40 ... P. 220.

The display indicates every single heart beat with a flashing dot behind the P.

Speed and elevation of the running machine is controlled automatically (see separate table).

[11]

Stop running belt

Running belt stops. (Deceleration time can be adjusted in the optional functions)

operation

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Possibilities of interfering within the cardio mode manually

Initiation: Cardio mode is selected. Running belt is moving.

Step no.

Activity

Keys

Response / Display

[01]

Alteration of speed

Alteration of the speed automatically changes the allowed max. speed during cardio mode

a or d

press and hold

= indicates 0 ... max. speed of the machine

(for max. allowed speed during cardio mode) Examples: a) Set max. speed 4.0 if you want the subject to walk and control the load by means of elevation. b) Set max. speed 20.0 if you want the subject to control the load by means of speed without elevation.

If speed is being reduced to 0, PAUS is displayed. =. Current values will be sustained.

[02]

Pause mode Interfere with the cardio mode

= indicates PAUS, running belt stops. All displays stop.

Current values will be sustained. After restart with d or c all displayed values will be "added".

[03]

Alteration of elevation

f or e

press and hold

Elevation is being increased / reduced (0-max.) Important: Alteration of the elevation can have impact on the heart rate of the subject and therefore can result in compensation via automatic speed control.

[04]

Changing the max. level of heart rate

and simultaneously

e or f

  is illuminated

% indicates the max.  level of the heart rate /

the min.  level of heart rate is automatically changed within the selected range.

[05]

Switch to the next or previous mode

c + d

c + a

Switch to the next or previous mode. This is a perfect way to change the mode without stopping the belt.

operation

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5.10.5 Test mode

Test mode provides several pre-defined tests. Eight tests can additionally be defined and stored by the user. The first 11 tests represent standard ergometric tests. Furthermore, six training profiles, a walk protocol, profiles VO2/10k, VO2/11k, VO2/12k, VO2/14k, profile Super Balke and test profiles 90-94 are available. They are described in detail in the following chapters. The UKK walk test (no. 1) is the only test where the running machine makes a calculation and an evaluation (Fitness Index, but not for medical evaluation!). All other test profiles only control the load. There is no automatic evaluation done by the running machine. The evaluation is to be done by host equipment (e.g. ECG, ergospirometry, etc.) or external PC software.

N Some test profiles (e.g. CONCONI test, Graded test, COOPER test, etc.) are endurance

tests (max. load and max. heart rate tests) and should only be performed after consulting a medical doctor and under supervision of trained staff.

N When using the treadmill for load tests, a medical doctor and a defibrillator must always be

within reach.

N Proper warm-up and cool-down periods have to be considered. N Use a safety arch with chest belt system when making max. load and max. heart rate tests.

The following table shows the operating steps to run the treadmill via firmware or software h/p/cosmos para control

Operation of test mode Initiation: running machine is in standby mode. LED mode is flashing.

Step no.

Activity

Keys

Response / Display

[01]

Select test mode

a or d

Selection of mode (manual, profile, cardio, test) until test is flashing

[02]

Confirm test mode

$ indicates program no. Pr. 1 is flashing

[03]

Select test number

a or d

$ indicates program no. Pr. 1 ... "Pr. 28" is flashing

 N

is illuminated No 01 ... 11 predefined No 12 ... 20 reserved No 21 ... 28 user defined (free programmable profiles)

[04]

Confirm selected test

Display and reaction depend on the selected type of program / test profile

[05]

Stop test and running belt

Running belt stops. (Deceleration time can be adjusted in the optional functions)

operation

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Possibilities of interfering within test mode manually

Initiation: Test mode is selected, running belt is moving.

Step no.

Activity

Keys

Response / Display

[01]

Alteration of speed

a or d

press and hold

Speed is being increased / reduced (0 - max.) Speed is being increased / reduced (0 - max)

If speed is being reduced to 0, PAUS is displayed. =.

Current values will be sustained.

Only valid for the current program step, no alteration in the memory. Next program step as defined in the test.

[02]

Alteration of elevation

Not activated in every test

f or e

press and hold

Elevation is being increased / reduced (0 - max.) Only valid for the current program step, no alteration in the memory. Next program step as defined in the test.

[03]

Alteration of acceleration level

(only during increase or decrease of speed)

press several times

Example: For acceleration or deceleration level “3”, press the corresponding key 3 times and then hold. Note: Maximum 7 levels, limited by the maximum acceleration level selected in the optional settings / standard value = 4. During deceleration, this function alternates the degree of deceleration.

[06]

Switch to the next or previous mode

c + d

c + a

Switch to the next or previous mode. This is a perfect way to change the mode without stopping the belt.

5.10.5.1 Standard ergometric tests

1. UKK walk test

The UKK walk test (no. 1) is a fitness test with evaluation and display of fitness index.

Attention: Before starting the UKK walk test, it is important to do some warm-up exercises and determine your personal maximum walking speed. Walk for 2 km as fast as possible, but do not run. It is important to keep the walking speed as high as possible to achieve 80% of the max. heart rate (220 – age). The test duration and heart rate are measured immediately after finishing the 2 km distance. h/p/cosmos devices measure the heart rate every 500 m for higher accuracy. As soon as the 2 km distance has been absolved, the UKK fitness index is indicated.

The calculation of the UKK fitness index is described in chapter 15.1 entitled “Calculation of the UKK Fitness Index”.

For correct calculation of the UKK fitness index, the following parameters have to be entered: gender, age, weight and height. The following table shows the operating steps to run the treadmill via firmware or software h/p/cosmos para control®.

operation

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Operation of the UKK walk test Initiation: running machine is in standby mode. LED mode is flashing.

Step no.

Activity

Keys

Response / Display

[01]

Select test mode

a or d

Selection of mode (manual, profile, cardio, test) until test is flashing

[02]

Confirm test mode Note: The running machine operates as in manual mode, the UP/DOWN-keys are in operation.

$ indicates program no. "Pr. 1 " is flashing

[03]

Confirm test program no 1 (UKK walk test)

 Sex is illuminated,

% indicates sex: M (male) flashing

[04]

Select female

a or d

 Sex is illuminated

% indicates sex: F (female) flashing

[05]

Confirm female

 Age is illuminated, % indicates age: 35 flashing

[06]

Select age 30 years

a or d

 Age is illuminated, % indicates age: 30 flashing

[07]

Confirm 30 years

 Weight is illuminated.

% indicates weight: 65 flashing

[08]

Select weight 55 kg

a or d

 Weight is illuminated

% indicates weight: 55 flashing

[09]

Confirm 55 kg

% indicates height: H175 flashing

[10]

Select height 170 cm

a or d

% indicates height: H170 flashing

[11]

Confirm 170 cm

The running machine starts

= indicates speed: 0.0 flashing

[12]

Select personal max. walking speed

a or d

% indicates present heart rate

All other displays also indicate the present parameters. In case % indicates: P 0 flashing and at the same

time an acoustic signal appears, the running machine cannot receive the heart rate of the subject. Check heart rate transmitter.

[13]

2 km walking: Walk as fast as you can, but without running.

Automatic reduction of speed to 50 % of the selected maximum walking speed after 2 km.

 INDEX is illuminated

" indicates UKK fitness index ! indicates total time for the 2 km

Note the index and used time.

[14]

Cool-down approx. 5 min, then stop manually.

End of the UKK 2 km walking test

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The following tables describe further tests and profiles within the test mode.

2. Graded test, e.g. for determination of anaerobic threshold via blood lactate measurement + heart rate curve of the subject

Endurance test (max. load test) with the parameters

N Start speed N Step length in min:sec. N Increment / step height N Acceleration level N Break time in min:sec

(e.g. for determination of an aerobic threshold by means of taking blood samples during load breaks and lactate analysis with external lactate analysing equipment.

Standard load profile:

N Start speed: 8.0 km/h, must be changed according to the condition of

the subject

N Step length: 3 min (can be changed) N Increment: 2.0 km/h (can be changed) N Acceleration level: 4 (adjustable from 1 to 5) N Break time: 30 sec. (can be changed)

STOP must be activated manually by the medical doctor.

In an already pre-defined step test it is possible to set the pre-programmed pause times individually during the test, i.e. the pause can be prolonged or ended immediately.

End pause manually: Once the test profile has reached the pause mode and the running belt has come to a halt, you can select the next program step immediately with START – either with warning sound signals at the beginning by pressing START once or without by pressing START twice. This is done independently of the predefined pause times and has no influence on the following run of the program, i.e. the following program steps remain unaffected. By pressing the START button, the next scheduled speed step is started. The pause can also be

ended with the „+“ button. In this case the speed set depends on the point of release of the „+“ button.

Prolong pause: Once the test profile has reached the pause mode and the running belt has

come to halt, it is possible to freeze pause with the „-“ button, = indicates PAUS

To end pause you can either press START or „+“ – see: end pause manually.

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3. Conconi test, e.g. for determination of anaerobic threshold via heart rate curve of the subject

Endurance test (max. heart rate test) Standard load profile:

N Starting speed: 8.0 km/h, must be changed according to the condition of

the subject

N Circuit (lap length): 200 m (can be changed) N Increment: 0.5 km/h (can be changed)

STOP must be activated manually by the medical doctor when the subject is completely exhausted.

4. Bruce protocol, e.g. for ECG stress test

Step

Duration (min)

Speed (km/h)

Elevation (%)

3:00

2.7

10 2 4.0

5.4

6.7

16 5 8.0

18 6 8.8

20 7 9.6

5. Naughton protocol, e.g. for ECG stress test

Step

Duration (min)

Speed (km/h)

Elevation (%)

3:00

3.0

0.0

3.5 3 7.0

10.5 5 14.0 6 17.5

6. Balke protocol, e.g. for ECG stress test

Step

Duration (min)

Speed (km/h)

Elevation (%)

2:00

5.0

2.5

5.0 3 7.5 4 10.0 5 12.5

15.0 7 17.5 8 20.0 9 22.5

25.0

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7. Cooper protocol, e.g. for ECG stress test

N Start at 5.3 km/h and 0% elevation N after 1 minute elevation increases to 2 % N after another minute, the elevation is increased by 1% every minute N when elevation is 25 % elevation stays constant and the speed is

increased by 0.32 km/h every minute

STOP must be activated manually by the medical doctor when the subject is completely exhausted.

8. Ellestad A protocol, e.g. for ECG stress test

Step

Duration (min)

Speed (km/h)

Elevation (%)

3:00

2.7

10.0

4.8

6.4

8.0

9. Ellestad B protocol, e.g. for ECG stress test

Step

Duration (min)

Speed (km/h)

Elevation (%)

3:00

2.7

10.0 2 4.8

10.0

6.4

10.0

8.0

10.0 5 8.0

15.0 6 9.6

15.0

10. Ramp profile (not available for every model)

Ramp profile with 2 parameters:

N Target speed standard: 10.0 km/h; adjustable from 0 to maximum

speed of the treadmill.

N Time for reaching target speed in seconds: standard: 10 seconds;

adjustable from 0 to 99 seconds

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11. The „Gardner test protocol“ for application in angiology

The Gardner test protocol serves to evaluate the maximum walking distance of peripheral arterial disease patients with intermittent claudication. The test is to be performed under constant supervision of a doctor. A fall prevention system (e.g. safety arch with chest belt system) is to be used.

The patient first stands on the side footboards of the running machine and not on the belt. Start test profile 11 and the belt speeds up to

3.2 km/h. As the patient steps onto the running belt, the doctor presses the START key again. By pressing the START key the second time, the displays will be reset to zero. After completing the test, the results can be printed on a host printer if connected.

Pre-test phase: patient stands on the footboards, not on the belt.

Step

Duration

(min:sec)

Speed (km/h)

Elevation

(%)

Total time

(min:sec)

until START

is pressed

3.2

until START

is pressed

Test phase: patient steps onto the running belt.