Datasheet HT9015 Datasheet (Holtek Semiconductor Inc)

HT9015

Preliminary

RF Single Chip for Cordless Phone

Features

Operating voltage: 2.7V~6V

·

Extremely low power consumption current

·

-

ICC=0mA (typ.) in battery-saving mode

-

ICC= 8.5mA (typ.) in standby mode

-

ICC= 13.5mA (typ.) for communication

Built-in IF decoder, compander and PLL

·

IF decoder

·

-

1st/2nd Mixers, RX VCO

-

RSSI quadrature detector, IF AMP

-

Noise detector

General Description

The HT9015 is an RF single chip for cordless
phone systems. Internally these are three major
parts, a PLL, an IF decoder and a compander.

The PLL provides radio channel selection for
either the transmitter or receiver. Frequency
locking status of the selected channel can be
monitored by a control register.

The IF decoder provides two frequency down
converters that let high frequency signals pass
through a mixer and local oscillator to be low­ered for frequency even base band signals. It
also provides an RSSI (receiver signal strength
indicator) function to detect the IF output sig-

Compander

·

-

Expander, Compressor, Limiter

-

Receive AMP, MIC AMP, PRE AMP

PLL

·

-

RX PLL, TX PLL

-

Local oscillator

-

Data latch control

-

Unlock detector

Four threshold variable battery alarms

·

nal strength and built-in noise detector for S/N
quality.

The compander provides better S/N ratio for
audio signal processing.

The HT9015 has a wide-range applications in
FM/FSK, Transmitting/Receiving of VHF
bandwidth including cordless phone, narrow
band voice and data transceiver systems.

The most significant advantage of the HT9015
is in the reduction of many external compo­nents making it well suited for cordless phone
baseset, handset radio section.

1 April 10, 2000

Block Diagram

GND2

6

TX_IN

VCC 3

7

8

LO 1

9

LO 2

CLK

DATA

STB

10

11

12

13

SIG_O UT

Preliminary

VCO 2

48

2

1

RX

VCO

D ata Latch

C ontrol

TX

PLL

LO

RX_OUT

4

TX_O U T

5

OSC

RX

PLL

C_RECT

3

VCO_CONT

VCO 1

47

R egulator

VCC 2

46

Low BAT

Alarm

1STM IX_IN

45

1st

M ix e r

2nd

M ix e r

44

VREF

43

1STM IX_O U T

E_RECT

42

41

2N D M IX _IN

40

N_REC

39

2N D M IX _O U T

38

VCC 1

37

IF _ IN

HT9015

FIL_O U T

FIL_IN

COM P_OUT

C_NF

MIC_OUT

MIC_IN

14

LPF

15

C_M UTE

16

17

18

MIC

AM P

19

PRE_IN

20

PRE_OUT

Com pressor

Expander

E_M UTE

PRE

AM P

21

IF

AM P

Lim iter

Receiver

AM P

25

22

RECE_INEXP_OUT

2423

RO1

RSSI

Quad

Detector

Com -

parator

Data

Com p

28

26

BA T _A LMRO2

27

D_CO M P_OUTRSSI

LPF

Noise
Filter

D_CO M P_IN

36

35

34

33

32

31

30

29

DEC

GND1

IF _ O U T

QUAD

AF_O UT

N_FIL_O UT

N _FIL_IN

2 April 10, 2000

Pin Assignment

Preliminary

HT9015

VCO 2

C_RECT

RX_OUT

TX_O U T

GND2

TX_IN

VCC3

LO 1

LO 2

SIG_OU T

CLK

DATA

STB

FIL_OU T

FIL_IN

COM P_OUT

C_NF

MIC_OUT

MIC_IN

PRE_IN

PRE_OUT

EXP_O U T

RECE_IN

RO1

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

48

47

46

45

44

43

42

41

40

39

38

37

36

35

34

33

32

31

30

29

28

27

26

25

H T 9 0 1 5
48 SSO P

VCO 1

VCO _CONT

VCC2

1 S T M IX IN

VREF

1STM IX O U T

E_RECT

2 N D M IX IN

N_REC

2N D M IX O U T

VCC1

IF _ IN

DEC

GND1

IF _ O U T

QUAD

AF_O UT

N_FIL_OUT

N _F IL_IN

D_COM P_IN

D_COM P_O UT

RSSI

BAT_ALM

RO2

Pin Description

Pin No. Pin Name I/O Description

1 VCO2 I

2 C_RECT

3 RX_OUT O

4 TX_OUT O

5 GND2

6 TX_IN I

Connects LC network with VCO1 pin to provide the tank circuit
for the received voltage control oscillator

Normally connected to ground through a capacitor.

¾

Receiver phase detector output. The PDT of RX-PLL detects
phase errors from the received PLL. The output is connected to
external low pass filter.

Transmitter phase detector output. The PDT of TX-PLL detects
phase errors from the transmitted PLL. The output is connected
to an external low pass filter.

Digital ground

¾

14-bit programmable transmit counter input. The output signal
from the external VCO circuit can be AC coupled to this pin.

3 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

Pin No. Pin Name I/O Description

7 VCC3

8 LO1 I This pin connects to LO2 pin with external crystal and capacitor.

9 LO2 O

10 SIG_OUT O

11 CLK I Clock input pin

12 DATA I Serial data input pin

13 STB I Data strobe control pin

14 FIL_OUT O Splatter filter output pin

15 FIL_IN I Splatter filter input pin

16 COMP_OUT O Compressor output pin

17 C_NF

18 MIC_OUT O Microphone amplifier output pin

19 MIC_IN I Microphone amplifier input pin

20 PRE_IN I Pre-amplifier input pin

21 PRE_OUT O Pre-amplifier output pin

22 EXP_OUT O Expander output pin

23 RECE_IN I Receiver amplifier input pin

24 RO1 O Receiver amplifier output pin

25 RO2 O Receiver amplifier output pin

26 BAT_ALM O

27 RSSI O

28 D_COMP_OUT O Data comparator output pin

29 D_COMP_IN I

30 N_FIL_IN I Input to noise filter

31 N_FIL_OUT O Output from noise filter

Positive power supply for digital block circuits.

¾

This output pin generates a reference frequency used for the
PLL and the second mixer local oscillator when connected to
LO1 pin with an external crystal and capacitor.

This pin outputs four-type states and is selected by an internal
control register. There are RSSI state and noise state and RX/TX
PLL lock states.
Open drain output.

Normally connected to ground through a capacitor.

¾

Battery alarm output pin. When the battery voltage is lower
than the internal setting threshold this pin is active.
Open drain output.

Receiver signal strength indicator output pin, the output signal
depends on the IF amplifier output signal.

Data comparator input pin. Input to comparator to distinguish
digital data from audio.

HT9015

4 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

Pin No. Pin Name I/O Description

32 AF_OUT O

33 QUAD I

34 IF_OUT O

35 GND1

36 DEC

37 IF_IN I

38 VCC1

39 2NDMIX_OUT O

40 N_REC

41 2NDMIX_IN I

42 E_RECT

43 1STMIX_OUT O

44 VREF O Reference voltage input for compander.

45 1STMIX_IN I

46 VCC2

47 VCO_CONT I Normally connected to ground through a capacitor.

48 VCO1 I

FM demodulator output pin. Output signal frequency is within
the audio band.

Normally provides a 455kHz carry frequency for the FM quadra
ture detector.

IF amplifier output pin. Signal will later pass through external
90°C phase shifter for quadrature detector.

Analog ground

¾

Normally connected to VCC1 through a capacitor.

¾

IF amplifier input pin it is necessary to use the IF filter network
to get high quality IF signal.

Analog power supply

¾

Second mixer IF signal output pin and down converter. IF fre
quency is 455kHz.

Connect to ground through capacitor.

¾

Second mixer RF signal input pin and down converter. Fre
quency is 455kHz.

Expander rectifier filter capacitor pin.

¾

First mixer IF signal output pin and down converter. IF fre
quency is 10.7MHz.

The first mixer RF signal input. Carrier frequency from
20~60MHz.

Directly connects to the two voltage regulators inside.

¾

Connects LC network with VCO2 pin to provide the tank circuit
for the received voltage control oscillator.

HT9015

-

-

-

-

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Supply Voltage ...........................VSS-0.3V to 6V

Input Voltage .................V

Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under ²Absolute Maxi

mum Ratings² may cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device
at other conditions beyond those listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged expo
sure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability.

-0.3V to VCC+0.3V

SS

Storage Temperature.................-55°Cto150°C

Operating Temperature ..............-20°Cto70°C

5 April 10, 2000

-

-

Preliminary

HT9015

Electrical Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

V

CC

I

CC1

I

CC2

I

CC3

I

CC4

I

CC5

I

CC(A)

I

CC(BS)

I

REF

V

IH

V

IL

I

IH

I

IL

f

CK

Operating Voltage

Current 1 Consumption 3.6V All on

Current 2 Consumption 3.6V RX-RF ON

Current 3 Consumption 3.6V RX-AF ON

Current 4 Consumption 3.6V TX-RF ON

Current 5 Consumption 3.6V TX-AF ON

Current Alarm Supply 3.6V

Supply Current in Battery
Saving Mode

V

Voltage

REF

Data Input Threshold 3.6V

Data Input Threshold 3.6V

Data Input Current 3.6V

Data Input Current 3.6V

CK Input Frequency 3.6V

Test Conditions

CC

Conditions

V

CC1=VCC3

= 100kW¾

R

L

V

¾

3.6V All off

3.6V

V

IH=VCC

V

= GND

IL

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾¾

¾¾

3.6

13.5

8.5

3.5

2.1

1.7

100

0

1.5

V

CC3

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾mA

¾mA

¾

¾

¾¾0¾

¾

¾

¾¾

0

0

¾mA

¾mA

38 1000 kHz

Ta=25°C

V

mA

mA

mA

mA

mA

V

V

V

Regulator

Symbol Parameter

V

REG

I

OUT (MIN)

Output Voltage 3.6V I

Minimum Load Current 3.6V

Detector

Symbol Parameter

V

BAT-L

V

BAT-H

V

BAT-L

V

BAT-H

Detection Voltage 1 3.6V

Detection Voltage 1 3.6V

Detection Voltage 2 3.6V

Detection Voltage 2 3.6V

Test Conditions

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

V

CC

Conditions

= 1mA 1.7 2 2.3 V

OUT

V

OUT=VREG

(Open)-0.05V

¾

3

Test Conditions

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

V

Conditions

CC

¾¾

¾¾

¾¾

¾¾

6 April 10, 2000

3.3

3.37

3.15

3.2

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

Ta=25°C

mA

Ta=25°C

V

V

V

V

Preliminary

HT9015

Symbol Parameter

V

BAT-L

V

BAT-H

V

BAT-L

V

BAT-H

V

OL

I

LEAK

V

TH

V

OL

I

LEAK

V

TH-H

V

TH-L

V

OL

I

LEAK

V

TH-L

V

TH-H

V

HYS

Detection Voltage 3 3.6V

Detection Voltage 3 3.6V

Detection Voltage 4 3.6V

Detection Voltage 4 3.6V

Output Low Level Voltage 3.6V

Output Leak Current 3.6V

Minimum Detection Level 3.6V f= 500Hz

Output Low Level Voltage 3.6V

Output Leak Current 3.6V

Noise Detection Level 3.6V

Noise Detection Level 3.6V

Noise Detection Level
Voltage

Output Leak Current 3.6V

RSSI Comparator
Detection Voltage

RSSI Comparator
Detection Voltage

RSSI Comparator Hysteresis 3.6V

Test Conditions

Conditions

V

CC

¾¾

¾¾

¾¾

¾¾

I

= 0.1mA

SINK

V

= 3.6V

ALM

I

= 0.2mA

SINK

V

= 3.6V

DATA

¾¾

¾¾

= 0.2mA

I

3.6V

SINK

VSIG= 3.6V

Comparator

3.6V
Output L ® H

Comparator

3.6V
Output H ® L

¾¾

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

¾

¾

3.05

3.10

2.78

2.82

0.1

0

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾mA

¾¾¾

0.1

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

0.57

0.47

0.1

0.72

0.8

0.08

0

0

¾

¾mA

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

V

V

V

V

V

mVrms

V

V

V

V

A

m

V

V

V

PLL Detection

Symbol Parameter

f

IN

V

IN

V

LO

I

CP1

I

CP2

I

LEAK

f

LO

Operating Frequency 3.6V

TX-PLL Input Sensitivity 3.6V

Local Oscillator Input
Sensitivity

Charge Pump Output Current 3.6V

Charge Pump Output Current 3.6V

Charge Pump Leak Current 3.6V

Local Oscillator Operating
Frequency

dBmV=dBmV EMF (Open), Ta=25°C

Test Conditions

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

V

3.6V

CC

Conditions

¾¾

¾¾

= 10.240MHz

f

LO

V

= 1.8V

CP

V

= 1.8V

CP

¾

¾

¾

46.61

103

110

200

400

MHz

¾

¾ dBmV

¾ dBmV

¾mA

¾mA

¾¾0¾mA

= 112dBmV

V

3.6V

LO

7 April 10, 2000

¾

10.24

¾

MHz

Preliminary

HT9015

RX-VCO IF + MIX section

(MIX 1)=46.61MHz, fIN(IF)=455kHz, Df=3kHz fm= 1kHz, dBmV=dBmV EMF (Open), Ta=25°C

f

IN

Test Conditions

Symbol Parameter

K

V

V

VCO

Conversion Gain 3.6V

RX VCO Oscillation Level 3.6V

V

CC

Conditions

¾¾1¾

f

= 25~55MHz

VCO

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

110

¾

¾ dBmV

MHz/V

1st and 2nd Mixer, IF AMP

Symbol Parameter

12dB
SINAD

f

MIX1

f

MIX2

G

VC

G

IF

V

OD

12dB SINAD Sensitivity 3.6V

Mixer Operating
Frequency

Mixer Operating
Frequency

Conversion Gain 3.6V Excluding Filter Loss

IF AMP Gain 3.6V

Demodulated Output 3.6V

S/N S/N Ratio 3.6V

AMR AM Rejection Ratio 3.6V

R

IN1

C

IN1

R

IN2

C

IN12

R

IN

R

O1

R

O2

V

RSSI1

V

RSSI2

Input Impedance 3.6V 1st MIX IN

Input Impedance 3.6V 1st MIX IN

Input Impedance 3.6V 2nd MIX IN

Input Impedance 3.6V 2nd MIX IN

Input Resistance 3.6V IF IN

Output Resistance 3.6V 1st MIX OUT

Output Resistance 3.6V 2nd MIX OUT

RSSI Output Voltage 3.6V

RSSI Output Voltage 3.6V

Test Conditions

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

V

CC

Conditions

Input 50W¾20¾ dBmV

3.6V 1STMIXER

3.6V 2NDMIXER

¾

¾

¾

46.61

10.7

26

¾¾75¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

¾

220

55

40

2.1

3.5

5.8

2.5

1.5

330

1.5

1

2.4

(MIX 1)= 70dBmV ¾

V

IN

V

(MIX 1)= 70dBmV ¾

IN

V

(MIX 1)= 70dBmV ¾

IN

(MIX 1)= 20dBmV ¾

V

IN

(MIX 1)= 60dBmV ¾

V

IN

Ta=25°C

MHz

¾

MHz

¾

¾

dB

dB

mVrms

¾

¾

¾

dB

dB

¾ kW

¾

pF

¾ kW

¾

pF

¾ kW

¾W

¾ kW

¾

¾

V

V

8 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

HT9015

Compressor + MIC AMP

Symbol Parameter

V

refc

V

OC

V

4

t

HDC

V

NOC

V

lim1

V

lim2

V

MUTE

Input Reference Level 3.6V

Output Deviation 3.6V

MIC AMP Voltage Gain 3.6V

Total Harmonic Distortion 3.6V

Output Noise Level 3.6V Input-GND Short

Limiting Level 3.6V

Limiting Level 3.6V

Mute Output Level 3.6V

Expander + PRE AMP + Receiver AMP

Symbol Parameter

V

refE

V

OE

G

P3

Input Reference Level 3.6V

Output Deviation 3.6V

PRE AMP Voltage Gain 3.6V

THD1 Total Harmonic Distortion 3.6V

V

MUTE

G

RNG2

G

RNG1

CT

G

S

DR

Mute Output Level 3.6V

PRE AMP Voltage Gain
Setting Range

Receiver AMP Voltage
Gain Setting Range

Crosstalk CE 3.6V

CE

Voltage Gain 3.6V

Maximum Output Level 3.6V THD= 3%

S

Test Conditions

V

CC

V

OM

V

OM

V

OM

COMP Out, V

MIC Out, V

Test Conditions

V

CC

=-10dBV ¾-10 ¾

V

OP

=-35dBV ¾

V

OP

R

= 150W

L

=-15dBV

V

RI

3.6V

3.6V

=-20dBV ¾-95 ¾

V

IM

f

IN

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

Conditions

=-10dBV -10.5

=-30dBV -0.2

20

¾

=-10dBV ¾

0.3 %

¾-61

IM

= 0dBV

IM

=0dBV

¾

¾

1.3

2.6

¾-96 ¾

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

Conditions

0.5

¾¾0¾

0.5

¾

¾¾-76 ¾

¾¾0¾

¾¾6¾

¾

¾

0

3

=1kHz, Ta=25°C

dBV

dB

dB

¾

dBV

V

¾

¾

P-P

V

P-P

dBV

Ta=25°C

dBV

dB

¾

dB

¾

%

dBV

dB

dB

dB

dB

¾

V

¾

P-P

9 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

Functional Description

The HT9015 is a signal chip RF IC for cordless
phone applications. It has applications for
46/49MHz cordless phones as well as CT0 cord
less phones that have frequency bands between
20MHz and 60MHz. This chip enables external
components in the base set and hand set radio
section application circuits to be reduced.

The HT9015 is manufactured or a special pro
cess called BiCMOS, or bipolar process and
CMOS process. Because the RF and IF parts
need high frequency actions such as mixer,
VCO, IF amplifier and demodulator, those
parts are implemented in high performance bi
polar circuits. The other digital functions are
designed using CMOS circuits. Sometimes this
chip is known as ²COMBO², the meaning of
COMBO is one chip combined with RF, IF and
PLL parts.

The HT9015 provides data latch interface con
trolled by a microcontroller. There are four in
ternal registers inside the HT9015; TX
(transmitter) divider, RX (receiver) Divider,
REF (reference) divider and Control Register.
All registers can be set through the data latch
control interface. The data latch control inter­face contains DATA, CLK and STB control sig­nals.

Input timing for serial data

Data is read on the timing of the rising edge of
CLK. When STB receives a high signal, DATA

s

³1m

in the shift register is sent into the latch to con
trol the block, see the input timing for serial
data as shown below.

-

Serial data format of four registers

According to previous input timing Specs, the
HT9015 can be easily set up using four regis
ters. The TX divider determines the TX PLL

­locked frequency; the RX divider determines
the RX PLL locked frequency; the REF divider
determines the TX and RX PLL frequency ref
erence which is also called channel space. The
control register is an important unit which con

­trols the radio link, voice control and power sav
ing during base set and hand set
communication.

All data format contains 20 bits, but some regis
ters need only 16 bits, They have a common
field of 20 bits data format called ²code² which

­determine what data belongs to whom. See the

­table below.

Code Register

1 1 REF register

1 0 TX register

0 1 RX register

0 0 Control register

Four register selection

0.2ms

³

0.2ms

³

HT9015

-

-

-

-

-

-

CLK

DATA

STB

O peration State

0.2ms

³

0.1ms

³

P re v io u s S ta te

³

0.1ms

Figure 1 Input timing for serial data

10 April 10, 2000

³

0.2ms

New State

³

0.2ms

Preliminary

S

·

REF register

Divide number range is from 5 to 4095.

This register includes TEST bits which must be set to 0.

HT9015

Don't Care

Test

0

1st

R1R0 R2 R4R3 R7R6 R8

BC

12-bit R C ounter

Divide number:

2

R= R0 + R1 ´ 2 + R2 ´ 2

+R3´ 23+ ¼ +R11´ 2

BC bit is BATTERY ALARM detection setting.

·

TX register

Divide number range is from 5 to 16383.

Don't Care

N1N0 N2 N4N3 N7N6 N8 N10N9N5 N11 N12 N13

1st

1 4 -b it N C o u n te r

Divide number:

2

N= N0 + N1 ´ 2+N2´ 2

·

RX register

+N3´ 23+ ¼ + N12 ´ 212+ N13 ´ 2

Divide number range is from 5 to 16383.

Don't Care

14-bit N C ounter

C ode

1

R11

1

STB

C ode

1 0

STB

13

C ode

R10

R9R5

11

N1N0 N2 N4N3 N7N6 N8 N10N9N5 N11 N12 N13

1st

0 1

STB

Divide number:

N= N0 + N1 ´ 2+N2´ 2

·

Control register

2

+N3´ 23+ ¼ + N12 ´ 212+ N13 ´ 2

13

This register includes battery saving control for the TX/RX circuits or MUTE controls for the com
mander block or changing threshold level for the battery alarm.

D on't C are

1st

SIG O U T

TXLD RXLD RSSI ND

LD, RSSI, ND Selection

TX

RF AF CP MUTE

B a tte ry
Saving

C harge
Pum p
C urrent

COM P
MUTE

11 April 10, 2000

RX

RF AF CP M UTE

B a tte ry
Saving

C harge
Pum p
C urrent

EXP
MUTE

BAT

BA1

BATTERY
ALAR M
Threshold

BA2

C ode

00

-

STB

¨

Battery saving control

Preliminary

HT9015

0 ¼¼¼¼Operation 1 ¼¼¼¼Battery saving

Bit Control Block

TX-RF TX-PLL TX-RF= 1 and

RX-RF= 1

TX-AF MIC AMP, Compressor, Splatter

RX-RF

RX-VCO, RX-PLL, 1st MIX, 2nd MIX IF AMP, NOISE DET,
DATA COMP, RSSI

LOCAL OSC= OFF

RX-AF Pre AMP, Expander, Receiver AMP

¨

MUTE control

0 ¼¼¼¼normal 1 ¼¼¼¼MUTE

MUTE for Compressor output.

These bits prevent the compander block going into a battery saving mode. Current consumption
therefore does not decrease.

¨

Charge pump current control

PLL loop performance such as lock-up time can be changed by these control bits.

Bit Control Output 0 1

TX CP TX-PLL Charge Pump Output Current

RX CP RX-PLL Charge Pump Output Current

200mA 400mA

200mA 400mA

¨

BATTERY ALARM detection setting

There are has four threshold levels for low battery detection.
These threshold levels are shown on the table below.

(1)

BC BA1 BA2 V

0 0 0 3.00V

0 0 1 3.25V

0 1 0 3.30V

0 1 1 3.45V

10 0

11 1

(1)

BC bit in REF divider

(2)

Only for BATTERY ALARM block

12 April 10, 2000

BAT-L

(2)

Battery Saving

¨

SIG_OUT selection

Preliminary

HT9015

The SIG_OUT terminal generates combination states of RX and TX lock detectors. The RSSI and
NOISE detector are shown in figure 2 below.

SW1 and SW2 in Fig. 3 determine the output on SIG_OUT using selection bits in a control regis
ter according to the figure below.

LDTX LDRX RSSI ND

-

RX PLL

TX P LL

IF A M P

LO C K DETECTOR

RX LD

TX LD

RSSI

D ecide SW 1
and LD O U T

Exam ple: TX lock detector operation

LDTX LDRX RSSI ND

1000

D ecide SW 2
and D ET O U T

Figure 2 SIG_OUT bits

SW 1

LD O UT

SW 2

DET O UT

SIG_OU T

NOISE DETECTOR

RSSI

Internal

External

R S S I D E T N D

N _R EC N _FIL_O U T

Figure 3 Signal output block diagram

13 April 10, 2000

N _F IL_IN

AF O UT

·

Example of divider setting

Preliminary

HT9015

When the LOCAL OSC frequency is 10.240MHz, RX VCO has to oscillate at frequencies from

35.915MHz in 20kHz or 25kHz step.

¨

Reference frequency at the PHASE DETECTOR should be set to 5kHz.

¨

10.240MHz ¸ 5kHz = 2048, \ R= 2048

¨

Calculate dividing number N for RX divider

¨

35.915MHz ¸ 5kHz = 7183, \ N (CH16)= 7183

¨

35.935MHz ¸ 5kHz = 7187, \ N (CH17)= 7187

¨

Finally you set the following registers.

R X D ivider for 7183

N

101 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1

1st

R E F Divider for R =2048

Test BC

10

1 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 1

1st

·

The power saving arrangement is one of the features in the HT9015.

C ode

STB

C ode

000

STB

This is achieved through an inside control register to arrange the power consumption of the three
major parts (RF. IF. PLL). There are two-pair DC power supplies for the HT9015, V
V

-GND2. The DC power V

CC3

provides operating voltage for the IF detector and the compander

CC1

-GND1 and

CC1

analog parts.

The DC power V

provides the operating voltage for the PLL and data latch control. It also has a

CC3

built in 2.0V regulator VCC2 for the RX front end. See the power supply arrangement as shown on
the table below.

VCC1 GND1

1st MIX, 2nd MIX, IF AMP, QUAD, NOISE DET. RX-VCO DATA COMP,
COMPANDER, RECEIVER AMP, SPLATTER.

VCC3 GND2 RX-PLL, TX-PLL, LOCAL OSC, DATA LATCH CONTROL

14 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

HT9015

Intermediate frequency (IF) decoder part

The figure below shows a simplified block dia
gram for a double-conversion super heterodyne
FM receiver. Heterodyne means to mix two fre
quencies together in a non linear device or to
translate one frequency to another using non
linear mixing. The super heterodyne receiver is
an improvement over other receiver in gain, se
lectivity, and sensitivity characteristics.
The super heterodyne receiver is divided into
five parts:

·

RF section. Generally consists of a preselector
and an amplifier stage.

·

Mixer conversion section. Includes a ra
dio-frequency oscillator stage (commonly
known as a local oscillator) and a mixer con
version stage (commonly known as a fre
quency detector) to produce the IF signal.

·

The IF section. Generally consists of a series of
IF amplifiers and bandpass filters and known
as the IF strip. Most of the receiver gain and se
lectivity is achieved in the IF section.

·

The FM demodulator section: The quadrature
FM demodulator uses a 90° phase shift, a sin
gle tuned circuit, and a product detector to de
modulate the FM signals.

·

The audio amplifier section. The audio section
comprises several cascaded audio amplifiers
and one or more speakers. The number of am­plifiers used depends on the audio signal
power desired.

Receive

Preselector

RF-am plifier

Internal

antenna

RF

1st Lo_osc
(RX_VCO )

1st_M ixout

2nd M ixer1st M ixer

2nd_M ixin

1 s t IF

2nd Lo_osc

2nd_M ixout

(C ry sta l)

IF _ IN

2nd IF

IF _ A M P

DEC

·

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

IF _ O U T

Q uadrature

Detector

RSSI

RSSI COMP

Mixers

A Mixer is a non linear device whose purpose
is to convert radio frequencies (RF) to inter
mediate frequency (IF) (RF-to-IF frequency
translation). In the frequency conversion pro
cess, RF signals are combined with the local
oscillator frequency in a non linear device.
The output of the mixer contains an infinite
number of harmonic and cross-product fre
quencies which include the sum and the dif
ference between the desired RF carrier and
the local oscillator frequencies. The IF
band-pass filter are tuned to the different fre
quencies. Therefore, the IF signal is filtered
out by the BPF. In the HT9015 the double con
version method (Figure 4) is applied to pro
duce the lower IF.

RF

1st Lo_osc
(R X _ V C O )

(10.7M Hz) (455kHz)

C e ra m ic F ilt e r

1 s t IF 2 n d IF

2nd Lo_osc

(C ry sta l)

Ceramic Filter

Figure 4 The illustration of mixers

The first IF is a relatively high frequency
(10.7MHz), for good image-frequency rejec­tion, while the second IF is a relatively low
frequency (455kHz) that allows the IF ampli­fiers to have a relatively high gain and still
not be susceptible to oscillations.

N _F IL_O U T

D_COM P_IN

Data COM P

D_COM P_O UT

RSSI

QUAD

AF_O UT

LPF

Noise CO M P

N _F IL_IN

Noise Filter

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Figure 5 Intermediate frequency decoder block

15 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

HT9015

·

Limiting IF Amplifier, RSSI (Received Signal
Strength Indicator) and RSSI Comparator

The basic function of the IF amp is to boost
the IF signal and to help handle impulse
noise. The IF limiter applies very high gain to
the IF frequency such that the top and bottom
of the waveform are clipped. This helps in re
ducing AM and noise intercepted upon recep
tion. The limiting IF amplifier consists of four
differential amplifiers (Figure 6).

DEC

OF-IN

AM P1 AM P2 AM P3 AM P4

2nd IF

Figure 6 Limiting IF Amplifier, RSSI and RSSI comparator

·

Quadrature detector

Once the signal leaves the IF section, it must
be demodulated so that the baseband signal
can be separated from the IF signal. This is
accomplished by the quadrature detector. A
quadrature detector (Figure 7) uses a 90°

-

-

phase shifter (C

), an L/C tuned circuit, and a

i

phase comparator to demodulate FM signals.

LC -Tank

IF -O U T

Q u a d ra tu re

Detector

Internal

S

(R S S I)

LC R

C

i

IF _ A M P

V

DD

D ifferential to

Single-E nded C onverter

I

L1

¯

I

1

¯

VO

LC -Tank

B u ffe r

¯

V

i

Figure 7 Quadrature detector

16 April 10, 2000

I= I1+I

¯

D em odulation
Signal

LPF

=47kH z

f

0

I

L2

I

2

¯

2

¯

Preliminary

·

Noise detector

Figure 8 is a band pass filter which can detect
noise energy on N_REC pin. There is also a
pass through the noise comparator to deter
mine two states on SIG_OUT pin by internal

Band-Pass Filter

=31kH z

F

O

V

Noise
Filter

N _F IL_IN N _FIL_O U T

Audio Signal

R1

R2

OUT

R3

Figure 8 Noise detector

-

External

R4

C2C1

HT9015

control register setting. The high state ex
presses noise level more than 0.4V and the
low state expresses noise level under 0.4V.

V

DD

H igh-P ass Filter
F

=25kH z

C

R5

AM P

C3

N oise Com parator

N_REC

Noise Det.

Internal

External

C4

-

17 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

Compander

The compander (compressor and expander) is
composed of two variable gain circuits which
provide compression and expansion of the sig
nal dynamic range. In consideration of the wide
band noise and maximum dynamic range
which exist in the transmission medium, the
general signal handling technique lowers the
general communication quality by reducing the
S/N ratio and generating a clipping phenome
non. However the compander improves the
communication quality by automatically con
trolling the gain based on the input signal level
to increase the valid dynamic range and to im
prove the S/N ratio.

In the HT9015, the compressor will take a sig
nal with a 75dB dynamic range (-5dB to

-

-80dB), and reduce it to a 37.5dB dynamic
range (-7.5dB to -45dB) by attenuating strong
signals,while amplifying low level signals. The
expander does the opposite in that the 37.5dB
signal range is increased to a dynamic range of
75dB by amplifying strong signals and attenu

-

ating low level signals. The 0dB level is inter
nally set at 316.227mVrms - that is the signal

-

level which is neither amplified nor attenuated.
See Figure 9 below. Through the action of the

-

compander, the noise of the transmission me
dium is constant under -80dBV.

HT9015

-

-

-

-

-

10.5dB V

-

20dBV

-

30dBV

-

40dBV

-

50dBV

-

60dBV

-

70dBV

-

80dBV

-

0dBV

5dBV

C om pressor

Input

C om pressor
O utput

Transm ission

M edium

7.75dB V

-

15.25dB V

-

25.25dB V

-

35.25dB V

-

45.25dB V

-

Noise

Expander

Input

Expander
O utput

Figure 9 Illustration of compressed and extended signal

0dBV

5dBV

-

10.5dB V

-

20dBV

-

30dBV

-

40dBV

-

50dBV

-

60dBV

-

70dBV

-

80dBV

-

18 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

PLL

The figure below shows a simplified block dia
gram of the programmable universal dual
phase-locked loop (PLL). It provides accurate
channel frequencies for cordless phone.

The PLL contains one 14-bit programmable
counter, one phase detector, charge pump, un
lock detector and the 2nd local oscillator. The
12-bit programmable counter provides the ref

erence frequency for the receiver (RX) and

­transmitter (TX) loops.

This dual PLL is fully programmable through
the mC serial interface and supports most coun
try channel frequencies including USA, Spain,
Australia, Korea, New Zealand, U.K., Nether

­lands, France, Taiwan, and China.

-

HT9015

-

-

VCO _CO NT

VCO 1
VCO 2

RX_OUT

TX_O U T

RX_VCO

C harge

PUM P (RX)

C harge

PUM P (TX)

14-Bit RX

Phase

D e te c to r ( R X )

Phase

D e te c to r ( T X )

C ounter

12-Bit REF

C ounter

14-Bit TX

C ounter

TX_IN

Figure 9 PLL block diagram

LO C A L

O s c illa t o r

D ata Latch

R egister

CLK

DATA

LO 2

LO 1

STB

19 April 10, 2000

Application Circuits

VCC 3

10.240M H z

X'tal

K eyb oard & LC D Interface

SIG O U T

M icrocontroller

CLK DATA STB

C26

DATIDATO

MIC

T

C36

1 m F

Preliminary

VCC 2

0.22
C 102

10000pF

C 101

m

F

R 101

0.22m F

10000pF

VCO

0.1m F

10m F

C22

W

R11

C28

10m F

C31

R21

2k

W

C8

C18

C 113

100kW

VCC 3

10kW

10k

10kW

R12

20k

W

C 112

R 111

15kW

R 112

10kW

1000pF

C9

678910

C20

R10

11 12 13

14

C27

15

R13

16 17 18 19

R14

R20

TX_IN

MIC_IN

10000pF

5

GND2

LO 1

LO 2

CLK

STB

R23

20kW

C 111

15kW

C 103

10000pF

R 102

5.1kW

L11

C14

10

m

F

C15

1

2

3

4

C_RECCT

RX-OUT

TX_O U T

VCC 3

SIG _OUT

DATA

FIL_O U T

FIL_IN

COM P_OUT

C_NF

MIC_OUT

PRE_OU T

PRE_IN

20

R24

20kW

C39

1 m F

VCO 2

EXP_OUT

RECE_IN

23

22

21

C37

1 m F

20kW

R25

20kW

C10

0.1m F

48

47

VCO 1

VCO-CONT

48 SS O P

H T 9 0 1 5

RO1

RO2

25

24

R26

R

RECEIVER

46.61M H z

RF IN

C9

L10

2.2m F

C12

1000pF

C11

10

m

F

46

VCC 2

BAT_ALM

26

100kW

R27

VCC 1

VREF

45

44

1ST M IX_IN

1ST M IX_O U T

43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31

E_RECT

2N dM IX_IN

N_REC

2N D M IX _O U T

VCC 1

IF _ IN

DEC

GND1

IF _ O U T

QUAD

AF_O U T

N_FIL_OUT

D_CO MP_OUT

D_CO MP_IN

RSSI

27

1000pF

N _FIL_IN

29

28

100kW

R27

VCC 1

C13

30

2.2

m

F

1000pF

0.1

m

F

22

m

F

0.1

m

F

0.1

m

F

91pF

220pF

50kW

220pF

C17

C19

C24

C21

C23

C25

C29

C23

R19

C34

HT9015

~~~

~~~

VCC 1

VCC 1

CD

C30

10

m

F

R15

1.5kW

C32

R16

R17

R18

3.3kW

C38

1 m F

CF1

10.7M H z

330W

R9

455kHz

VCC 1

Audio O utput

R22

20 April 10, 2000

China CT0 frequency

·

Base set

Preliminary

HT9015

Channel
Number

1 45.250 9050 37.550 7510

2 45.275 9055 37.575 7515

3 45.300 9060 37.600 7520

4 45.325 9065 37.625 7525

5 45.350 9070 37.650 7530

6 45.375 9075 37.675 7535

7 45.400 9080 37.700 7540

8 45.425 9085 37.725 7545

9 45.450 9090 37.750 7550

10 45.475 9095 37.775 7555

·

Hand set

Channel
Number

1 48.250 9650 34.550 6910

2 48.275 9655 34.575 6915

3 48.300 9660 34.600 6920

4 48.325 9665 34.625 6925

5 48.350 9670 34.650 6930

6 48.375 9675 34.675 6935

7 48.400 9680 34.700 6940

8 48.425 9685 34.725 6945

9 48.450 9690 34.750 6950

10 48.475 9695 34.775 6955

TX Channel

Frequency (MHz)

TX Channel

Frequency (MHz)

TX Counter Value

(Ref. Freq.=

5.00kHz

TX Counter Value

(Ref. Freq.=

5.00kHz

f

-R Input

IN

Frequency (MHz)
(1st IF= 10.7MHz)

f

-R Input

IN

Frequency (MHz)
(1st IF= 10.7MHz)

RX Counter Value

RX Counter Value

(Ref. Freq.=

5.00kHz)

(Ref. Freq.=

5.00kHz)

21 April 10, 2000

U.S.A. CT0 frequency (10 channels)

·

Base set

Preliminary

HT9015

Channel
Number

1 46.610 9322 38.975 7795

2 46.630 9326 39.150 7830

3 46.670 9334 39.165 7833

4 46.710 9342 39.075 7815

5 46.730 9346 39.180 7836

6 46.770 9354 39.135 7827

7 46.830 9366 39.195 7839

8 46.870 9374 39.235 7847

9 46.930 9386 39.295 7859

10 46.970 9394 39.275 7855

·

Hand set

Channel
Number

1 49.670 9934 35.915 7183

2 49.845 9969 35.935 7187

3 49.860 9972 35.975 7195

4 49.770 9954 36.015 7203

5 49.875 9975 36.035 7207

6 49.830 9966 36.075 7215

7 49.890 9978 36.135 7227

8 49.930 9986 36.175 7235

9 49.990 9998 36.235 7247

10 49.970 9994 36.275 7255

TX Channel

Frequency

(MHz)

TX Channel

Frequency

(MHz)

TX Counter Value

(Ref. Freq.=

5.00kHz

TX Counter Value

(Ref. Freq.=

5.00kHz

f

-R Input

IN

Frequency (MHz)

(1st IF= 10.695MHz)

f

-R Input

IN

Frequency (MHz)
(1st IF= 10.7MHz)

RX Counter

Value (Ref. Freq.

= 5.00kHz)

RX Counter

Value (Ref. Freq.

= 5.00kHz)

22 April 10, 2000

Preliminary

HT9015

Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Headquarters)

No.3 Creation Rd. II, Science-based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Taipei Office)

5F, No.576, Sec.7 Chung Hsiao E. Rd., Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Fax: [phone] (International sales hotline)

Holtek Semiconductor (Hong Kong) Ltd.

RM.711, Tower 2, Cheung Sha Wan Plaza, 833 Cheung Sha Wan Rd., Kowloon, Hong Kong
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Copyright Ó 2000 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC.

The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek
assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are
used solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications
will be suitable without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may pres
ent a risk to human life due to malfunction or otherwise. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior
notification. For the most up-to-date information, please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw.

23 April 10, 2000

-