Hitron CGNV2 User Manual

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USER’S GUIDE

VERSION 1.0 MAY 2014

DEFAULT LOGIN DETAILS

IP Address 192.168.0.1

Username cusadmin

Password password

CGNV2

ABOUT THIS USER’S GUIDE

INTENDED AUDIENCE

This manual is intended for people who want to configure the CGNV2’s features via its Graphical User Interface (GUI).

HOW TO USE THIS USER’S GUIDE

This manual contains information on each the CGNV2’s GUI screens, and describes how to use its various features.

Use the Introduction (page 15) to see an overview of the topics covered in this

manual.

Use the Table of Contents (page 7), List of Figures (page 11) and List of Tables

(page

13) to quickly find information about a particular GUI screen or topic.

Use the Index (page 113) to find information on a specific keyword. Use the rest of this User’s Guide to see in-depth descriptions of the CGNV2’s

features.

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1: Application Overview ........................................................................15

FIGURE 2: Hardware Connections .....................................................................17

FIGURE 3: LEDs .................................................................................................19

FIGURE 4: Login .................................................................................................22

FIGURE 5: GUI Overview ...................................................................................23

FIGURE 6: The Cable > System Info Screen .....................................................31

FIGURE 7: The Cable > Initialization Screen .....................................................33

FIGURE 8: The Cable > Status Screen ..............................................................34

FIGURE 9: The Cable > Password Screen ........................................................36

FIGURE 10: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP Screen ....................................................41

FIGURE 11: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP > Add/Edit Screen .................................43

FIGURE 12: The WAN/LAN > Debug Screen .....................................................44

FIGURE 13: The WAN/LAN > Backup Screen ...................................................45

FIGURE 14: The WAN/LAN > WAN IP Screen ..................................................46

FIGURE 15: The Firewall > Firewall Options Screen .........................................51

FIGURE 16: The Firewall > MAC Filtering Screen .............................................53

FIGURE 17: The Firewall > IP Filtering Screen ..................................................56

FIGURE 18: The Firewall > IP Filtering > Add/Edit Screen ................................58

FIGURE 19: The Firewall > Forwarding Screen .................................................60

FIGURE 20: The Firewall > Forwarding > Add/Edit Screen ................................61

FIGURE 21: The Firewall > Port Triggering Screen ...........................................63

FIGURE 22: The Firewall > Port Triggering > Add/Edit Screen ..........................64

FIGURE 23: The Parent Control > Web Site Blocking Screen ...........................68

FIGURE 24: The Parent Control > Scheduling Screen .......................................70

FIGURE 25: The Parent Control > Local Logs Screen .......................................71

FIGURE 26: Example Wireless Network ............................................................74

FIGURE 27: The Wireless > Basic Screen .........................................................80

FIGURE 28: WPS PIN ........................................................................................82

FIGURE 29: The Wireless > Security Screen .....................................................83

FIGURE 30: The Wireless > Access Control Screen ..........................................87

FIGURE 31: The Wireless > WiFi Site Survey Screen .......................................89

LIST OF FIGURES

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 32: The Wireless > Connection List Screen ......................................... 91

FIGURE 33: The eMTA > Status Screen ........................................................... 93

FIGURE 34: The eMTA > DHCP Screen ........................................................... 94

FIGURE 35: The VPN > PassThrough Screen .................................................. 99

FIGURE 36: The VPN > IPsec Screen ............................................................. 101

FIGURE 37: The VPN > IPsec > Add/Edit Screen .......................................... 103

FIGURE 38: The VPN > PPTP Screen ............................................................ 106

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1: Hardware Connections ......................................................................17

TABLE 2: LEDs ..................................................................................................19

TABLE 3: GUI Overview ....................................................................................23

TABLE 4: Private IP Address Ranges ...............................................................26

TABLE 5: IP Address: Decimal and Binary ........................................................27

TABLE 6: Subnet Mask: Decimal and Binary ....................................................27

TABLE 7: The Cable > System Info Screen ......................................................31

TABLE 8: The Cable > Status Screen ...............................................................34

TABLE 9: The Cable > Password Screen ..........................................................37

TABLE 10: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP Screen .....................................................41

TABLE 11: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP > Add/Edit Screen ...................................44

TABLE 12: The WAN/LAN > Debug Screen ......................................................44

TABLE 13: The WAN/LAN > Backup Screen ....................................................45

TABLE 14: The WAN/LAN > WAN IP Screen ....................................................46

TABLE 15: The Firewall > Firewall Options Screen ...........................................52

TABLE 16: The Firewall > MAC Filtering Screen ...............................................54

TABLE 17: The Firewall > IP Filtering Screen ...................................................56

TABLE 18: The Firewall > IP Filtering > Add/Edit Screen ..................................58

TABLE 19: The Firewall > Forwarding Screen ..................................................60

TABLE 20: The Firewall > Forwarding > Add/Edit Screen .................................62

TABLE 21: The Firewall > Port Triggering Screen .............................................63

TABLE 22: The Firewall > Port Triggering > Add/Edit Screen ...........................65

TABLE 23: The Parent Control > Web Site Blocking Screen ............................68

TABLE 24: The Parent Control > Scheduling Screen ........................................70

TABLE 25: The Parental Control > Local Logs Screen .....................................71

TABLE 26: The Wireless > Basic Screen ..........................................................81

TABLE 27: The Wireless > Security Screen ......................................................84

TABLE 28: The Wireless > Access Control Screen ...........................................87

TABLE 29: The Wireless > WiFi Site Survey Screen ........................................89

TABLE 30: The Wireless > Connection List Screen ..........................................92

TABLE 31: The eMTA > Status Screen .............................................................93

LIST OF TABLES

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 32: The eMTA > DHCP Screen ............................................................. 95

TABLE 33: The VPN > PassThrough Screen .................................................... 99

TABLE 34: The VPN > IPsec Screen .............................................................. 101

TABLE 35: The VPN > IPsec > Add/Edit Screen ............................................103

TABLE 36: The VPN > PPTP Screen .............................................................. 106

LIST OF TABLES

INTRODUCTION

This chapter introduces the CGNV2 and its GUI (Graphical User Interface).

1.1 CGNV2 OVERVIEW

Your CGNV2 is a voice-enabled cable modem and wireless access point that allows you to connect your computers, analog telephones, wireless devices, and other network devices to one another, and to the Internet via the cable connection.

Computers with a wired connection to the CGNV2 are on the Local Area Network (LAN), computers with a wireless connection to the CGNV2 are on the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and the CGNV2 connects to the service provider over the Wide Area Network (WAN).

FIGURE 1: Application Overview

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1.1.1 KEY FEATURES

The CGNV2 provides:

Internet connection to cable modem service via CATV port (F-type RF

connector)

Voice over IP (VoIP) connection to your voice service provider. Local Area Network connection via four 10/100/1000 Mbps (megabits per

second) Ethernet ports

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) for devices on the LAN LAN troubleshooting tools (Ping and Traceroute) IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless MIMO (Multiple-In, Multiple-Out) networking, allowing

speeds of up to 300Mbps

Wireless security: WEP, WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK encryption, WiFi Protected

Setup (WPS) push-button and PIN configuration and MAC filtering

Wired security: stateful inspection firewall with intrusion detection system, IP and

MAC filtering, port forwarding and port triggering, and De-Militarized Zone (DMZ)

Parental control: scheduled website blocking and access logs Settings backup and restore Secure configuration interface, accessible by Web browser

1.2 HARDWARE CONNECTIONS

This section describes the CGNV2’s physical ports and buttons.

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FIGURE 2: Hardware Connections

TABLE 1: Hardware Connections

WPS Use this button to turn the wireless network on or off,

and to begin the WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) Push- Button Configuration (PBC) procedure (see page

79 for more information.)

WPS on

To turn the wireless network on or off, press the

button for between one and five seconds.

To begin the WPS PBC connection procedure, press

and hold the button for between five and ten seconds. Press the PBC button on your wireless clients in the coverage area within two minutes to enable them to join the wireless network.

Reset Use this button to reboot or reset your CGNV2.

Press the button and hold it for less than five

seconds to reboot the CGNV2. The CGNV2 restarts, using your existing settings.

Press the button and hold it for more than ten

seconds to delete all user-configured settings and restart the CGNV2 using its factory default settings.

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TABLE 1: Hardware Connections

LAN1 Use these ports to connect your computers and other

LAN2

LINE Use this port to connect your analog phones for VoIP

CABLE Use this to connect to the Internet via an F-type RF

POWER Use this to connect to the 12v/2A power adapter that

network devices, using Category 5 or 6 Ethernet cables with RJ45 connectors.

services, using cables with RJ11 connector.

cable.

came with your CGNV2.

NEVER use another power adapter with

your CGNV2. Doing so could harm your CGNV2.

1.3 LEDS

This section describes the CGNV2’s LEDs (lights).

INTRODUCTION

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FIGURE 3: LEDs

TABLE 2: LEDs

LED STATUS DESCRIPTION

WIRELESS Off No data is being transmitted or received over the

wireless network.

Blinking Data is being transmitted or received over the

wireless network.

LINE Off Your service plan does not include voice service.

Blinking A telephone is connected to the relevant Line port,

and is off-hook.

On Your service plan includes voice service.

ETH Off No device is connected to any LAN port.

Blinking A device is connected to a LAN port via a fast

Ethernet link, and is transmitting or receiving data.

On A device is connected to a LAN port via a fast

ethernet link, but is not transmitting or receiving data.

Status Blinking The CGNV2’s cable modem is registering with the

service provider.

On The CGNV2’s cable modem has successfully

registered with the service provider.

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TABLE 2: LEDs

US Blinking The CGNV2 is searching for an upstream frequency

on the CATV connection.

On The CGNV2 has successfully located and locked

onto an upstream frequency on the CATV connection.

DS Blinking The CGNV2 is searching for a downstream

frequency on the CATV connection.

On The CGNV2 has successfully located and locked

onto a downstream frequency on the CATV connection.

POWER On

Off

When you turn on the CGNV2, the LEDs light up in the following order:

The CGNV2 is receiving power.

The CGNV2 is not receiving power.

Power US DS Status The ETH 1~2 LEDs light up as soon as there is activity on the relevant port, the

LINE port light up if your service contract includes voice service, and the WIRELESS LED lights up once the wireless network is ready.

1.4 IP ADDRESS SETUP

Before you log into the CGNV2’s GUI, your computer’s IP address must be in the same subnet as the CGNV2. This allows your computer to communicate with the CGNV2.

NOTE: See IP Addresses and Subnets on page 25 for background information.

The CGNV2 has a built-in DHCP server that, when active, assigns IP addresses to computers on the LAN. When the DHCP server is active, you can get an IP address automatically. The DHCP server is active by default.

If your computer is configured to get an IP address automatically, or if you are not sure, try to log in to the CGNV2 (see Login to the CGNV2 on page 22).

If the login screen displays, your computer is already configured correctly. If the login screen does not display, either the CGNV2’s DHCP server is not

active or your computer is not configured correctly. Follow the procedure in

Manual IP Address Setup on page 21 and set your computer to get an IP

address automatically. Try to log in again. If you cannot log in, follow the manual IP address setup procedure again, and set a specific IP address as shown. Try to log in again.

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NOTE: If you still cannot see the login screen, your CGNV2’s IP settings may have

been changed from their defaults. If you do not know the CGNV2’s new address, you should return it to its factory defaults. See Resetting the CGNV2 on page 23. Bear in mind that ALL user-configured settings are lost.

1.4.1 MANUAL IP ADDRESS SETUP

By default, your CGNV2’s local IP address is 192.168.0.1. If your CGNV2 is using the default IP address, you should set your computer’s IP address to be between

192.168.0.2 and 192.168.0.254.

NOTE: If your CGNV2 DHCP server is active, set your computer to get an IP address

automatically in step 5. The CGNV2 assigns an IP address to your computer. The DHCP server is active by default.

Take the following steps to manually set up your computer’s IP address to connect to the CGNV2:

NOTE: This example uses Windows XP; the procedure for your operating system

may be different.

1 Click Start, then click Control Panel.

2 In the window that displays, double-click Network Connections.

3 Right-click your network connection (usually Local Area Connection) and click

Properties.

4 In the General tab’s This connection uses the following items list, scroll

down and select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Click Properties.

5 You can get an IP address automatically, or specify one manually:

If your CGNV2’s DHCP server is active, select Get an IP address

automatically.

If your CGNV2’s DHCP server is not active, select Use the following IP

address. In the IP address field, enter a value between 192.168.0.2 and

192.168.0.254 (default). In the Subnet mask field, enter 255.255.255.0

(default).

NOTE: If your CGNV2 is not using the default IP address, enter an IP address and

subnet mask that places your computer in the same subnet as the CGNV2.

6 Click OK. The Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) window closes. In the Local Area

Connection Properties window, click OK.

Your computer now obtains an IP address from the CGNV2, or uses the IP address that you specified, and can communicate with the CGNV2.

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1.5 LOGIN TO THE CGNV2

Take the following steps to login to the CGNV2’s GUI.

NOTE: You can login to the CGNV2’s GUI via the wireless interface. However, it is

strongly recommended that you configure the CGNV2 via a wired connection on the LAN.

1 Open a browser window.

2 Enter the CGNV2’s IP address (default 192.168.0.1) in the URL bar. The Login

screen displays.

FIGURE 4: Login

3 Enter the Username and Password. The default login username is cusadmin,

and the default password is password.

NOTE: The Username and Password are case-sensitive; “cusadmin” is not the same

as “Cusadmin”.

4 Click Login. The System Info screen displays (see The System Info Screen on

page

30).

1.6 GUI OVERVIEW

This section describes the CGNV2’s GUI.

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FIGURE 5: GUI Overview

TABLE 3: GUI Overview

Primary Navigation Bar

Secondary Navigation Bar

Main Window Use this section to read information about your CGNV2’s

Use this section to move from one part of the GUI to another.

Use this section to move from one related screen to another.

configuration, and make configuration changes.

1.7 RESETTING THE CGNV2

When you reset the CGNV2 to its factory defaults, all user-configured settings are lost, and the CGNV2 is returned to its initial configuration state.

There are two ways to reset the CGNV2:

Press the RESET button on the CGNV2, and hold it in for ten seconds or longer. Click WAN/LAN > Backup. In the screen that displays, click the Factory Reset

button.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

The CGNV2 turns off and on again, using its factory default settings.

NOTE: Depending on your CGNV2’s previous configuration, you may need to re-

configure your computer’s IP settings; see IP Address Setup on page 20.

INTRODUCTION

CABLE

This chapter describes the screens that display when you click Cable in the toolbar.

2.1 CABLE OVERVIEW

This section describes some of the concepts related to the Cable screens.

2.1.1 DOCSIS

The Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) is a telecommunications standard that defines the provision of data services) Internet access) over a traditional cable TV (CATV) network.

Your CGNV2 supports DOCSIS version 3.0.

2.1.2 IP ADDRESSES AND SUBNETS

Every computer on the Internet must have a unique Internet Protocol (IP) address. The IP address works much like a street address, in that it identifies a specific location to which information is transmitted. No two computers on a network can have the same IP address.

2.1.2.1 IP ADDRESS FORMAT

IP addresses consist of four octets (8-bit numerical values) and are usually represented in decimal notation, for example 192.168.1.1. In decimal notation, this means that each octet has a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 255.

An IP address carries two basic pieces of information: the “network number” (the address of the network as a whole, analogous to a street name) and the “host ID” (analogous to a house number) which identifies the specific computer (or other network device).

2.1.2.2 IP ADDRESS ASSIGNMENT

IP addresses can come from three places:

The Internet Assigned Numbers Agency (IANA)

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Your Internet Service Provider You (or your network devices)

IANA is responsible for IP address allocation on a global scale, and your ISP assigns IP addresses to its customers. You should never attempt to define your own IP addresses on a public network, but you are free to do so on a private network.

In the case of the CGNV2:

The public network (Wide Area Network or WAN) is the link between the cable

(CATV) connector and your Internet Service Provider. Your CGNV2’s IP address on this network is assigned by your service provider.

The private network (in routing mode - see Routing Mode on page 28) is your

Local Area Network (LAN) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), if enabled. You are free to assign IP addresses to computers on the LAN and WLAN manually, or to allow the CGNV2 to assign them automatically via DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). IANA has reserved the following blocks of IP addresses to be used for private networks only:

TABLE 4: Private IP Address Ranges

FROM... ...TO

10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255

172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255

192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255

If you assign addresses manually, they must be within the CGNV2’s LAN subnet.

2.1.2.3 SUBNETS

A subnet (short for sub-network) is, as the name suggests, a separate section of a network, distinct from the main network of which it is a part. A subnet may contain all of the computers at one corporate local office, for example, while the main network includes several offices.

In order to define the extent of a subnet, and to differentiate it from the main network, a subnet mask is used. This “masks” the part of the IP address that refers to the main network, leaving the part of the IP address that refers to the sub-network.

Each subnet mask has 32 bits (binary digits), as does each IP address:

A binary value of 1 in the subnet mask indicates that the corresponding bit in the

IP address is part of the main network.

A binary value of 0 in the subnet mask indicates that the corresponding bit in the

IP address is part of the sub-network.

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For example, the following table shows the IP address of a computer (192.168.1.1) expressed in decimal and binary (each cell in the table indicates one octet):

TABLE 5: IP Address: Decimal and Binary

192 168 0 1

11000000 10101000 00000000 00000001

The following table shows a subnet mask that “masks” the first twenty-four bits of the IP address, in both its decimal and binary notation.

TABLE 6: Subnet Mask: Decimal and Binary

255 255 255 0

11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000

This shows that in this subnet, the first three octets (192.168.1, in the example IP address) define the main network, and the final octet (1, in the example IP address) defines the computer’s address on the subnet.

The decimal and binary notations give us the two common ways to write a subnet mask:

Decimal: the subnet mask is written in the same fashion as the IP address:

255.255.255.0, for example.

Binary: the subnet mask is indicated after the IP address (preceded by a forward

slash), specifying the number of binary digits that it masks. The subnet mask

255.255.255.0 masks the first twenty-four bits of the IP address, so it would be written as follows: 192.168.1.1/24.

2.1.3 DHCP

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, or DHCP, defines the process by which IP addresses can be assigned to computers and other networking devices automatically, from another device on the network. This device is known as a DHCP server, and provides addresses to all the DHCP client devices.

In order to receive an IP address via DHCP, a computer must first request one from the DHCP server (this is a broadcast request, meaning that it is sent out to the whole network, rather than just one IP address). The DHCP server hears the requests, and responds by assigning an IP address to the computer that requested it.

If a computer is not configured to request an IP address via DHCP, you must configure an IP address manually if you want to access other computers and devices on the network. See

IP Address Setup on page 20 for more information.

By default, the CGNV2 is a DHCP client on the WAN (the CATV connection). It broadcasts an IP address over the cable network, and receives one from the service provider. By default, the CGNV2 is a DHCP server on the LAN; it provides IP addresses to computers on the LAN which request them.

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2.1.4 DHCP LEASE

“DHCP lease” refers to the length of time for which a DHCP server allows a DHCP client to use an IP address. Usually, a DHCP client will request a DHCP lease renewal before the lease time is up, and can continue to use the IP address for an additional period. However, if the client does not request a renewal, the DHCP server stops allowing the client to use the IP address.

This is done to prevent IP addresses from being used up by computers that no longer require them, since the pool of available IP addresses is finite.

2.1.5 DNS

2.1.6 MAC ADDRESSES

Every network device possesses a Media Access Control (MAC) address. This is a unique alphanumeric code, given to the device at the factory, which in most cases cannot be changed (although some devices are capable of “MAC spoofing”, where they impersonate another device’s MAC address).

MAC addresses are the most reliable way of identifying network devices, since IP addresses tend to change over time (whether manually altered, or updated via DHCP).

Each MAC address displays as six groups of two hexadecimal digits separated by colons (or, occasionally, dashes) for example 00:AA:FF:1A:B5:74.

NOTE: Each group of two hexadecimal digits is known as an “octet”, since it

represents eight bits.

Bear in mind that a MAC address does not precisely represent a computer on your network (or elsewhere), it represents a network device, which may be part of a computer (or other device). For example, if a single computer has an Ethernet card (to connect to your CGNV2 via one of the LAN ports) and also has a wireless card (to connect to your CGNV2 over the wireless interface) the MAC addresses of the two cards will be different. In the case of the CGNV2, each internal module (cable modem module, Ethernet module, wireless module, etc.) possesses its own MAC address.

2.1.7 ROUTING MODE

When your CGNV2 is in routing mode, it acts as a gateway for computers on the LAN to access the Internet. The service provider assigns an IP address to the CGNV2 on the WAN, and all traffic for LAN computers is sent to that IP address. The CGNV2 assigns private IP addresses to LAN computers (when DHCP is active), and transmits the relevant traffic to each private IP address.

NOTE: When DHCP is not active on the CGNV2 in routing mode, each computer on

the LAN must be assigned an IP address in the CGNV2’s subnet manually.

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When the CGNV2 is not in routing mode, the service provider assigns an IP address to each computer connected to the CGNV2 directly. The CGNV2 does not perform any routing operations, and traffic flows between the computers and the service provider.

Routing mode is not user-configurable; it is specified by the service provider in the CGNV2’s configuration file.

2.1.8 CONFIGURATION FILES

The CGNV2’s configuration (or config) file is a document that the CGNV2 obtains automatically over the Internet from the service provider’s server, which specifies the settings that the CGNV2 should use. It contains a variety of settings that are not present in the user-configurable Graphical User Interface (GUI) and can be specified only by the service provider.

2.1.9 DOWNSTREAM AND UPSTREAM TRANSMISSIONS

The terms “downstream” and “upstream” refer to data traffic flows, and indicate the direction in which the traffic is traveling. “Downstream” refers to traffic from the service provider to the CGNV2, and “upstream” refers to traffic from the CGNV2 to the service provider.

2.1.10 CABLE FREQUENCIES

Just like radio transmissions, data transmissions over the cable network must exist on different frequencies in order to avoid interference between signals.

The data traffic band is separate from the TV band, and each data channel is separate from other data channels.

2.1.11 MODULATION

Transmissions over the cable network are based on a strong, high frequency periodic waveform known as the “carrier wave.” This carrier wave is so called because it “carries” the data signal. The data signal itself is defined by variations in the carrier wave. The process of varying the carrier wave (in order to carry data signal information) is known as “modulation.” The data signal is thus known as the “modulating signal.”

Cable transmissions use a variety of methods to perform modulation (and the “decoding” of the received signal, or “demodulation”). The modulation methods defined in DOCSIS 3 are as follows:

QPSK: Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QAM TCM: Trellis modulated Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

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In many cases, a number precedes the modulation type (for example 16 QAM). This number refers to the complexity of modulation. The higher the number, the more data can be encoded in each symbol.

NOTE: In modulated signals, each distinct modulated character (for example, each

audible tone produced by a modem for transmission over telephone lines) is known as a symbol.

Since more information can be represented by a single character, a higher number indicates a higher data transfer rate.

2.1.12 TDMA, FDMA AND SCDMA

Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) and Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (SCDMA) are channel access methods that allow multiple users to share the same frequency channel.

TDMA allows multiple users to share the same frequency channel by splitting

transmissions by time. Each user is allocated a number of time slots, and transmits during those time slots.

FDMA allows multiple users to share the same frequency channel by assigning a

frequency band within the existing channel to each user.

SCDMA allows multiple users to share the same frequency channel by assigning

a unique orthogonal code to each user.

2.2 THE SYSTEM INFO SCREEN

Use this screen to see general information about your CGNV2’s hardware, its software, and its connection to the Internet.

NOTE: Most of the information that displays in this screen is for troubleshooting

purposes only. However, you may need to use the MAC Address information when setting up your network.

Click Cable > System Info. The following screen displays.

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FIGURE 6: The Cable > System Info Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 7: The Cable > System Info Screen

General Information

Vendor Identification

Model Name This displays the device’s model name (CGNV2).

DOCSIS Mode This displays the version of the Data Over Cable Service

HW Version This displays the version number of the CGNV2’s physical

SW Version This displays the version number of the software that

Boot ROM Version This displays the version number of the program that

MAC Address

RF MAC Address This displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of

This displays the name of the company that supplied the CGNV2.

Interface Specification (DOCSIS) standard to which the CGNV2 complies.

hardware.

controls the CGNV2.

controls the CGNV2’s boot procedure (in which the main software is loaded).

the CGNV2’s RF module. This is the module that connects to the Internet through the CATV connection.

Ethernet MAC Address

MTA MAC Address This displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of

This displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of the CGNV2’s Ethernet module. This is the module to which you connect through the LAN ports.

the CGNV2’s MTA module.

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TABLE 7: The Cable > System Info Screen (continued)

Primary BSSID MAC Address

WAN MAC Address This displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of

System Time This displays the current date and time.

Network Access This field displays when you are connected to your service

This displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of the CGNV2’s Basic Service Set IDentifier (BSSID). This is the MAC address of the wireless module to which wireless clients connect.

NOTE: You may have additional BSSIDs, depending on

your contract with your service provider.

the module that connects to the Internet through the CATV connection when the CGNV2 is in routing mode.

provider, and shows whether or not your service provider allows you to access the Internet over the CATV connection.

Permitted displays if you can access the Internet. Denied displays if you cannot access the Internet.

System Uptime This displays the number of days, hours, minutes and

seconds since the CGNV2 was last switched on or rebooted.

2.3 THE INITIALIZATION SCREEN

This screen displays the steps successfully taken to connect to the Internet over the CATV connection.

Use this screen for troubleshooting purposes to ensure that the CGNV2 has successfully connected to the Internet; if an error has occurred you can identify the stage at which the failure occurred.

NOTE: This screen displays when you first log in to the CGNV2.

Click Cable > Initialization. The following screen displays.

CABLE

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 7: The Cable > Initialization Screen

For each step:

Process displays when the CGNV2 is attempting to complete a connection step.

Success displays when the CGNV2 has completed a connection step.

2.4 THE STATUS SCREEN

Use this screen to discover information about:

The nature of the upstream and downstream connection between the CGNV2

and the device to which it is connected through the CATV interface.

IP details of the CGNV2’s WAN connection.

You can also configure the CGNV2’s downstream center frequency.

Click Cable > Status. The following screen displays.

CABLE

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 8: The Cable > Status Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 8: The Cable > Status Screen

Network Access This displays whether or not your service provider allows

you to access the Internet over the CATV connection.

Permitted displays if you can access the Internet. Denied displays if you cannot access the Internet.

Downstream

NOTE: The downstream signal is the signal transmitted to the CGNV2.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 8: The Cable > Status Screen (continued)

Frequency to Tune to This displays the current center frequency in Hertz (Hz)

over which data is transmitted to the CGNV2 over the CATV interface. This is the frequency to which the CGNV2 is locked in; it will only scan for another frequency if this frequency becomes unavailable.

If you want the CGNV2 to attempt to connect at a different frequency, enter it in the field and click Apply.

NOTE: Do not change the frequency unless you have a

good reason to do so.

Scanning Start Frequency

Port This displays the number of the downstream

Frequency (MHz)

Modulation This displays the type of modulation that each

Signal Strength (dBmV)

Signal Noise Ratio (dB)

Channel ID This displays the ID number of each channel on which

Upstream

This displays the frequency in Hertz (Hz) at which the CGNV2 begins scanning for a connection over the CATV interface (if a frequency is not already locked in).

connection’s port.

This displays the actual frequency of each downstream data channel to which the CGNV2 is connected.

downstream channel uses. Possible modulation types

This displays the power of the signal of each downstream data channel to which the CGNV2 is connected, in dBmV (decibels above/below 1 millivolt).

This displays the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of each downstream data channel to which the CGNV2 is connected, in dB (decibels).

the upstream signal is transmitted.

NOTE: The upstream signal is the signal transmitted from the CGNV2.

Channel ID to tune to This displays the current upstream channel ID over

which data is transmitted from the CGNV2 over the CATV interface. If you want the CGNV2 to attempt to connect at a different channel ID, enter it in the field and click Apply.

Do not change the channel ID unless you have a good reason to do so.

Port This displays the number of the downstream

connection’s port.

Frequency (MHz)

Bandwidth (ksps) This displays the bandwidth of each upstream data

This displays the frequency in Herz (Hz) of each upstream data channel to which the CGNV2 is connected.

channel to which the CGNV2 is connected.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 8: The Cable > Status Screen (continued)

Modulation This displays the type of modulation that each

downstream channel uses. Possible modulation types

Signal Strength (dBuV)

Channel ID This displays the ID number of each channel on which

Cable Modem IP Information

IP Address This displays the CGNV2’s WAN IP address. This IP

Subnet Mask This displays the CGNV2’s WAN subnet mask.

Gateway IP This displays the gateway IP address of the device on

DHCP Lease Time This displays the time that elapses before your device’s

This displays the transmitted power of the signal of each upstream data channel to which the CGNV2 is connected, in

the upstream signal is transmitted.

address is automatically assigned to the CGNV2

the WAN to which the CGNV2 is connected.

IP address lease expires, and a new IP address is assigned to it by the DHCP server.

dBuV.

2.5 THE PASSWORD SCREEN

Use this screen to change the password with which you log in to the CGNV2.

NOTE: If you forget your password, you will need to reset the CGNV2 to its factory

defaults.

Click Cable > Password. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 9: The Cable > Password Screen

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 9: The Cable > Password Screen

Enter Current Password Enter the password with which you currently log into the

CGNV2

Enter New Password Enter and re-enter the password you want to use to log

Re-Enter New Password

Password Idle Time Enter the number of minutes of inactivity after which you

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

into the CGNV2.

should be automatically logged out of the CGNV2. Once this period elapses, you will need to login again.

screen.

saved values without saving your changes.

screen.

CABLE

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

CABLE

WAN/LAN

This chapter describes the screens that display when you click WAN/LAN in the toolbar.

3.1 WAN/LAN OVERVIEW

This section describes some of the concepts related to the WAN/LAN screens.

3.1.1 WIDE AREA NETWORKS AND LOCAL AREA NETWORKS

A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a network that has at least two parts separated by a distance requiring the use of a telecommunications infrastructure often supplied by a ISP.

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network of computers that are physically linked together on a single site without the use of telephone lines of any sort. Your CGNV2’s LAN consists of all the computers and other networking devices connected to the LAN 1~2 ports. This is your private network (in routing mode - see page

The LAN is a separate network from the Wide Area Network (WAN). In the case of the CGNV2, the WAN refers to all computers and other devices available on the cable (CATV) connection.

By default, computers on the WAN cannot identify individual computers on the LAN; they can see only the CGNV2. The CGNV2 handles routing to and from individual computers on the LAN.

28).

Routing Mode on

3.1.2 WAN/LAN IP ADDRESSES AND SUBNETS

IP addresses of the CGNV2 WAN/LAN are either controlled by the DHCP server (see

DHCP on page 27), or by you (when you manually assign IP addresses to your

computers).

For more information about IP addresses and subnets in general, see

and Subnets

on page 25.

IP Addresses

WAN/LAN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

3.1.3 DNS

A DNS server is a server software program that performs Domain Name Services (DNS). This involves taking a full host name such as www.example.com or a domain name such as example.com and returning the corresponding Internet Protocol (IP) address such as 93.184.216.119.

3.1.4 DOMAIN SUFFIX

A domain is a location on a network, for instance example.com. On the Internet, domain names are mapped to the IP addresses to which they should refer by the Domain Name System (DNS). This allows you to enter “www.example.com” into your browser and reach the correct place on the Internet even if the IP address of the website’s server has changed.

Similarly, the CGNV2 allows you to define a Domain Suffix to the LAN. When you enter the domain suffix into your browser, you can reach the CGNV2 no matter what IP address it has on the LAN.

3.1.5 MTU

The maximum transmission unit (MTU) of a communications protocol of a layer is the size (in bytes) of the largest protocol data unit that the layer can pass onwards.

3.1.6 DEBUGGING (PING AND TRACEROUTE)

The CGNV2 provides a couple of tools to allow you to perform network diagnostics on the LAN:

Ping: this tool allows you to enter an IP address and see if a computer (or other

network device) responds with that address on the network. The name comes from the pulse that submarine SONAR emits when scanning for underwater objects, since the process is rather similar. You can use this tool to see if an IP address is in use, or to discover if a device (whose IP address you know) is working properly.

Traceroute: this tool allows you to see the route taken by data packets to get

from the CGNV2 to the destination you specify. You can use this tool to solve routing problems, or identify firewalls that may be blocking your access to a computer or service.

3.2 THE LAN IP SCREEN

Use this screen to:

Configure the CGNV2’s LAN IP address, subnet mask and domain suffix Configure the CGNV2’s internal DHCP server

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

See information about the network devices connected to the CGNV2 on the

LAN.

Click WAN/LAN > LAN IP. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 10: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 10: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP Screen

WAN Information

WAN Address This field displays the CGNV2’s IP address on the WAN

(Wide Area Network) interface.

Subnet Mask This field displays the CGNV2’s WAN subnet mask.

Gateway Address This field displays the address of the device on the WAN

to which the CGNV2 is connected.

DNS Server This field displays the Domain Name Servers that the

CGNV2 uses to resolve domain names into IP addresses.

Private LAN IP Setting

Private LAN IP Address

Use this field to define the IP address of the CGNV2 on the Private LAN.

WAN/LAN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 10: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP Screen (continued)

Subnet Mask Use this field to define the LAN subnet. Use dotted

decimal notation (for example, 255.255.255.0).

Domain Suffix Use this field to define the domain that you can enter into a

Web browser (instead of an IP address) to reach the CGNV2 on the LAN.

NOTE: The Domain Suffix is hitronhub.home by default.

Private LAN DHCP Setting

Enable LAN DHCP Select this if you want the CGNV2 to provide IP addresses

to network devices on the LAN automatically. Deselect this if you already have a DHCP server on your

LAN, or if you wish to assign IP addresses to your computers and other network devices manually.

Lease Time Use this field to define the time after which the CGNV2

renews the IP addresses of all the network devices connected to the CGNV2 on the LAN (when DHCP is enabled).

DHCP Start IP Use this field to specify the IP address at which the

CGNV2 begins assigning IP addresses to devices on the LAN (when DHCP is enabled).

DHCP End IP Use this field to specify the IP address at which the

CGNV2 stops assigning IP addresses to devices on the LAN (when DHCP is enabled).

NOTE: Devices requesting IP addresses once the DHCP

pool is exhausted are not assigned an IP address.

Reserved IP

Select Select a reserved IP’s radio button before clicking Edit or

Delete.

# This displays the arbitrary identification number assigned

to the reserved IP.

MAC Address This displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of

network device connected on the LAN with a reserved IP.

IP Address This displays the IP address of network device connected

on the LAN with reserved IP.

Comment This displays the comment entered while adding a

reserved IP.

Add New Click this to define a new reserved IP. See Adding or

Editing a Reserved IP

screen that displays.

Edit Select a reserved IP’s radio button and click this to make

changes. See for information on the screen that displays.

WAN/LAN

Adding or Editing a Reserved IP on page 43

on page 43 for information on the

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 10: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP Screen (continued)

Delete Select a reserved IP’s radio button and click this to

remove. The deleted information cannot be retrieved.

Connected Computers

Host Name This displays the name of each network device connected

on the LAN.

IP Address This displays the IP address of each network device

connected on the LAN.

MAC Address This displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of

each network device connected on the LAN.

Type This displays whether the device’s IP address was

assigned by DHCP (DHCP-IP), or self-assigned.

Interface This displays whether the device is connected on the LAN

(Ethernet) or the WLAN (Wireless(x), where x denotes the wireless mode; b, g or n).

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this screen.

3.2.1 ADDING OR EDITING A RESERVED IP

To add a new reserved IP, click Add New in the WAN/LAN > LAN IP screen. To edit an existing reserved IP, select the IP’s radio button in the WAN/LAN >

LAN IP and click the Edit button.

 To delete an existing reserved IP, select the IP’s radio button in the WAN/LAN >

LAN IP and click the Delete button.

The following screen displays.

FIGURE 11: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP > Add/Edit Screen

WAN/LAN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 11: The WAN/LAN > LAN IP > Add/Edit Screen

Reserved IP

MAC Address Use this field to enter the Media Access Control (MAC)

address of the network device.

Static IP Address Use this field to enter the static IP address.

Comment Use this field to enter your comment.

Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving

changes.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

3.3 THE DEBUG SCREEN

Use this screen to perform ping and traceroute tests on IP addresses or URLs.

Click WAN/LAN > Debug. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 12: The WAN/LAN > Debug Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 12: The WAN/LAN > Debug Screen

IP/URL Enter the IP address or URL that you want to test.

Method Select the type of test that you want to run on the IP/

URL that you specified.

Run Click this to perform the test.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

WAN/LAN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

3.4 THE BACKUP SCREEN

Use this screen to back up your CGNV2’s settings to your computer, to load settings from a backup you created earlier, to reboot your CGNV2, or to return it to its factory default settings.

Click WAN/LAN > Backup. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 13: The WAN/LAN > Backup Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 13: The WAN/LAN > Backup Screen

Backup/Restore Setting

Backup Settings Locally

Restore Settings Locally

Reboot/Factory Reset

Reboot Click this to restart your CGNV2.

Factory Reset Click this to return your CGNV2 to its factory default

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

Click this to create a backup of all your CGNV2’s settings on your computer.

Use these fields to return your CGNV2’s settings to those specified in a backup that you created earlier.

Click Choose File to select a backup, then click Restore to return your CGNV2’s settings to those specified in the backup.

settings.

NOTE: When you do this, all your user-configured

settings are lost, and cannot be retrieved.

screen.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

3.5 THE WAN IP SCREEN

Use this screen to:

Configure the CGNV2’s WAN IP address, subnet mask and domain suffix Configure the CGNV2’s internal DNS server See the current MTU size of the CGNV2 on the WAN.

Click WAN/LAN > WAN IP. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 14: The WAN/LAN > WAN IP Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 14: The WAN/LAN > WAN IP Screen

WAN IP Setting

Connection Mode Use this field to select the connection mode.

Select DHCP to automatically get an IP address from

DHCP server.

Select Static IP to manually enter an IP address.

WAN IP Address This displays the CGNV2’s WAN IP address. If you

select static IP mode, use this field to enter the static IP address.

WAN/LAN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 14: The WAN/LAN > WAN IP Screen (continued)

WAN Subnet Mask This displays the CGNV2’s WAN subnet mask. If you

select static IP mode, use this field to enter the subnet mask.

WAN IP Gateway This displays the CGNV2’s WAN gateway IP address. If

you select static IP mode, use this field to enter the gateway IP address.

WAN DNS Setting

DNS Setting Click the checkbox if you want to manually assign the

DNS server.

Primary DNS This displays the CGNV2’s WAN primary DNS. If you

select assign DNS server, use this field to enter the primary DNS IP address.

Secondary DNS This displays the CGNV2’s WAN secondary DNS. If you

select assign DNS server, use this field to enter the secondary DNS IP address.

MTU Size Setting

MTU Size This displays the current maximum transmission unit

size (MTU) or use this field to enter the desired MTU size and click Apply.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

WAN/LAN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

WAN/LAN

FIREWALL

This chapter describes the screens that display when you click Firewall in the toolbar.

4.1 FIREWALL OVERVIEW

This section describes some of the concepts related to the Firewall screens.

4.1.1 FIREWALL

The term “firewall” comes from a construction technique designed to prevent the spread of fire from one room to another. Similarly, your CGNV2’s firewall prevents intrusion attempts and other undesirable activity originating from the WAN, keeping the computers on your LAN safe. You can also use filtering techniques to specify the computers and other devices you want to allow on the LAN, and prevent certain traffic from going from the LAN to the WAN.

4.1.2 INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM

An intrusion detection system monitors network activity, looking for policy violations, and malicious or suspicious activity.

4.1.3 PING

The CGNV2 allows you to use the ping utility on the LAN (in the LAN > Debug screen) and also on the WAN (in the Firewall > Firewall Options screen). For more information, see

Debugging (Ping and Traceroute) on page 40.

4.1.4 MAC FILTERING

Every networking device has a unique Media Access Control (MAC) address that identifies it on the network. When you enable MAC address filtering on the CGNV2’s firewall, you can set up a list of MAC addresses, and then specify whether you want to:

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

Deny the devices on the list access to the CGNV2 and the network (in which

case all other devices can access the network)

Allow the devices on the list to access the network (in which case no other

devices can access the network)

4.1.5 IP FILTERING

IP filtering allows you to prevent computers on the LAN from sending certain types of data to the WAN. You can use this to prevent unwanted outgoing communications. Specify the IP address of the computer on the LAN from which you want to prevent communications, and specify the port range of the communications you want to prevent. The CGNV2 discards outgoing data packets that match the criteria you specified.

4.1.6 PORT FORWARDING

Port forwarding allows a computer on your LAN to receive specific communications from the WAN. Typically, this is used to allow certain applications (such as gaming) through the firewall, for a specific computer on the LAN. Port forwarding is also commonly used for running a public HTTP server from a private network.

You can set up a port forwarding rule for each application for which you want to open ports in the firewall. When the CGNV2 receives incoming traffic from the WAN with a destination port that matches a port forwarding rule, it forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address and port number specified in the port forwarding rule.

NOTE: For information on the ports you need to open for a particular application,

consult that application’s documentation.

NOTE: This feature is not available when the DS-lite function is enabled.

4.1.7 PORT TRIGGERING

Port triggering is a means of automating port forwarding. The CGNV2 scans outgoing traffic (from the LAN to the WAN) to see if any of the traffic’s destination ports match those specified in the port triggering rules you configure. If any of the ports match, the CGNV2 automatically opens the incoming ports specified in the rule, in anticipation of incoming traffic.

NOTE: This feature is not available when the DS-lite function is enabled.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

4.1.8 DMZ

In networking, the De-Militarized Zone (DMZ) is a part of your LAN that has been isolated from the rest of the LAN, and opened up to the WAN. The term comes from the military designation for a piece of territory, usually located between two opposing forces, that is isolated from both and occupied by neither.

NOTE: This feature is not available when the DS-lite function is enabled.

4.2 THE FIREWALL OPTIONS SCREEN

Use this screen to turn firewall features on or off, and to configure your network’s Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). You can enable or disable the CGNV2’s intrusion detection system, and allow or prevent responses to ICMP requests from the WAN.

NOTE: Only one device can be on the DMZ at a time.

Click Firewall > Firewall Options. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 15: The Firewall > Firewall Options Screen

FIREWALL

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 15: The Firewall > Firewall Options Screen

Intrusion Detection System

Use this field to turn the intrusion detection system on or off.

Select Disable to turn the intrusion detection system

off.

Deselect Disable to turn the intrusion detection

system on.

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

Ping on WAN Interface

Use this field to allow responses to ICMP requests originating from the WAN.

Select Disable to prevent responses to ICMP

requests originating from the WAN.

Deselect Disable to allow responses to ICMP

requests originating from the WAN.

UPnP Function

Use this field to turn the UPnP Function on or off.

Select Enable to turn the UPnP Function on . Deselect Enable to turn the UPnP Function off.

Enable DMZ Host Use this field to turn the DMZ on or off.

Select the checkbox to enable the DMZ. Deselect the checkbox to disable the DMZ.

Computers that were previously in the DMZ are now on the LAN.

Connected Computers Click this to see a list of the computers currently

connected to the CGNV2 on the LAN.

[...] IP Address [...] Enter the IP address of the computer that you want to

add to the DMZ.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

4.3 THE MAC FILTERING SCREEN

Use this screen to configure Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering on the LAN.

NOTE: To configure MAC address filtering on the wireless network, see The Access

Control Screen on page 86.

FIREWALL

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

You can set the CGNV2 to allow only certain devices to access the CGNV2 and the network, or to deny certain devices access.

NOTE: To see a list of all the computers connected to the CGNV2 on the LAN, click

the Connected Computers button in the Firewall > IP Filtering, Forwarding, Port Triggering or Firewall Options screens.

Click Firewall > MAC Filtering. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 16: The Firewall > MAC Filtering Screen

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 16: The Firewall > MAC Filtering Screen

MAC Filter Options

MAC Filter Options Use this field to control whether the CGNV2 performs

MAC filtering.

Select Allow-All to turn MAC filtering off. All devices

may access the CGNV2 and the network.

Select Allow to permit only devices with the MAC

addresses you set up in the Allow Table to access the CGNV2 and the network. All other devices are denied access.

Select Deny to permit all devices except those with the

MAC addresses you set up in the Deny Table to access the CGNV2 and the network. The specified devices are denied access.

Allow Table (up to 16 Items)

Select Select a MAC address’s radio button before clicking

Delete.

# This displays the index number assigned to the permitted

device.

Device Name This displays the name you gave to the permitted device.

MAC Address This displays the MAC address of the permitted device.

Delete Select a permitted device’s radio button ( ) and click this

to remove the device from the list. The device may no longer access the CGNV2 and the network.

NOTE: Make sure you do not delete your management

computer from the list; if you do so, you will need to log back in from another computer, or reset the CGNV2.

Deny Table (up to 16 Items)

Select Select a MAC address’s radio button before clicking

Delete.

# This displays the index number assigned to the permitted

device.

Device Name This displays the name you gave to the denied device.

MAC Address This displays the MAC address of the denied device.

Delete Select a denied device’s radio button ( ) and click this to

remove the device from the list. The device may now access the CGNV2 and the network.

Auto-Learned LAN Devices

Select Select a MAC address’s radio button before clicking Add

or Cancel.

FIREWALL

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 16: The Firewall > MAC Filtering Screen (continued)

Device Name This displays the name of each network device that has

connected to the CGNV2 on the LAN.

MAC Address This displays the MAC address of each network device

that has connected to the CGNV2 on the LAN.

Type Use this field to specify the list to which you want to add

the device.

Select Allow to add the device to the Allow Table. Select Deny to add the device to the Deny Table.

Manually-Added LAN Devices

Device Name Enter the name to associate with a network device that

you want to permit or deny access to the CGNV2 and the network.

NOTE: This name is arbitrary, and does not affect

functionality in any way.

MAC Address Specify the MAC address of the network device that you

want to permit or deny access to the CGNV2 and the network.

Type Use this field to specify the list to which you want to add

the device.

Select Allow to add the device to the Allow Table. Select Deny to add the device to the Deny Table.

Add Click this to add the device to the list you specified.

Cancel Click this to clear the Manually-Added LAN Devices

fields.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this screen.

4.4 THE IP FILTERING SCREEN

Use this screen to configure IP filtering. You can turn IP filtering on or off and configure new and existing IP filtering rules.

Click Firewall > IP Filtering. The following screen displays.

FIREWALL

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 17: The Firewall > IP Filtering Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 17: The Firewall > IP Filtering Screen

All IP Filtering Rules Use this to turn IP filtering on or off.

Deselect the checkbox to enable IP filtering. Select the checkbox to disable IP filtering (default).

NOTE: You can add, edit or delete IP filtering rules only

when this checkbox is deselected.

Select Select an IP filtering rule’s radio button ( ) before

clicking Add New, Edit or Delete.

# This displays the arbitrary identification number

assigned to the IP filtering rule.

Application Name This displays the arbitrary name you assigned to the

rule when you create it.

Port Range This displays the start and end values of the ports to

which communications from the specified IP addresses is not permitted.

Protocol This displays the type of communications that are not

permitted:

TCP displays if communications via the

Transmission Control Protocol are not permitted.

UDP displays if communications via the User

Datagram Protocol are not permitted.

TCP/UDP displays if communications via the

Transmission Control Protocol and the User Datagram Protocol are not permitted.

IP Address Range This displays the start and end IP address from which

communications to the specified ports are not permitted.

FIREWALL

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 17: The Firewall > IP Filtering Screen (continued)

Enable Use this field to turn each IP filtering rule on or off.

Select this checkbox to enable the IP filtering rule. Deselect this checkbox to disable the IP filtering

rule.

Add New Click this to define a new IP filtering rule. See Adding or

Editing an IP Filtering Rule

on the screen that displays.

Edit Select an IP filtering rule’s radio button ( ) and click

this to make changes to the rule. See

an IP Filtering Rule

screen that displays.

Delete Select an IP filtering rule’s radio button ( ) and click

this to remove the rule. The deleted rule’s information cannot be retrieved.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

on page 57 for information on the

on page 57 for information

Adding or Editing

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

4.4.1 ADDING OR EDITING AN IP FILTERING RULE

To add a new IP filtering rule, click Add in the Firewall > IP Filtering screen. To edit an existing IP filtering rule, select the rule’s radio button ( ) in the

Firewall > IP Filtering screen and click the Edit button.

The following screen displays.

FIREWALL

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 18: The Firewall > IP Filtering > Add/Edit Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 18: The Firewall > IP Filtering > Add/Edit Screen

IP Filtering Add/Edit

Application Name Enter a name for the application that you want to block.

NOTE: This name is arbitrary, and does not affect

functionality in any way.

Port Range Use these fields to specify the target port range to which

communication should be blocked. Enter the start port number in the first field, and the end

port number in the second field. To specify only a single port, enter its number in both

fields.

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TABLE 18: The Firewall > IP Filtering > Add/Edit Screen

Protocol Use this field to specify whether the CGNV2 should

block communication via:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Both TCP and UDP.

NOTE: If in doubt, leave this field at its default (Both).

IP Address Range Use these fields to specify the range of local computers’

IP addresses from which communications should be blocked.

Enter the start IP address in the first field, and the end IP address in the second.

To specify only a single IP address, enter it in both fields.

IP Filtering Schedule

Schedule Type

All Day

Start

End

Connected Computers Click this to see a list of the computers currently

connected to the CGNV2 on the LAN.

Back Click this to return to the Firewall > IP filtering screen

without saving your changes to the IP filtering rule.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

4.5 THE FORWARDING SCREEN

Use this screen to configure port forwarding between computers on the WAN and computers on the LAN. You can turn port forwarding on or off and configure new and existing port forwarding rules.

Click Firewall > Forwarding. The following screen displays.

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FIGURE 19: The Firewall > Forwarding Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 19: The Firewall > Forwarding Screen

All Port Forwarding Rules Use this field to turn port forwarding on or off.

Select the checkbox to enable port forwarding. Deselect the checkbox to disable port forwarding.

Select Select a port forwarding rule’s radio button ( ) before

clicking Edit or Delete.

# This displays the arbitrary identification number

assigned to the port forwarding rule.

Application Name This displays the arbitrary name you assigned to the rule

when you created it.

Port Range These fields display the ports to which the rule applies:

The Public field displays the incoming port range.

These are the ports on which the CGNV2 received traffic from the originating host on the WAN.

The Private field displays the port range to which the

CGNV2 forwards traffic to the device on the LAN.

Protocol This field displays the protocol or protocols to which this

rule applies:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Transmission Control Protocol and User Datagram

Protocol (TCP/UDP)

Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Encapsulating Security Protocol (ESP)

IP Address This displays the IP address of the computer on the LAN

to which traffic conforming to the Public Port Range and Protocol conditions is forwarded.

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TABLE 19: The Firewall > Forwarding Screen (continued)

Enable Use this field to turn each port forwarding rule on or off.

Select this checkbox to enable the port forwarding

rule.

Deselect this checkbox to disable the port forwarding

rule.

Add New Click this to define a new port forwarding rule. See

Adding or Editing a Port Forwarding Rule on page 61 for

information on the screen that displays.

Edit Select a port forwarding rule’s radio button ( ) and

click this to make changes to the rule. See

Editing a Port Forwarding Rule

information on the screen that displays.

Delete Select a port forwarding rule’s radio button ( ) and

click this to remove the rule. The deleted rule’s information cannot be retrieved.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

on page 61 for

Adding or

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

4.5.1 ADDING OR EDITING A PORT FORWARDING RULE

To add a new port forwarding rule, click Add in the Firewall > Forwarding

screen.

To edit an existing port forwarding rule, select the rule’s radio button ( ) in the

Firewall > Forwarding screen and click the Edit button.

The following screen displays.

FIGURE 20: The Firewall > Forwarding > Add/Edit Screen

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 20: The Firewall > Forwarding > Add/Edit Screen

Common Application

Application Name Enter a name for the application for which you want to

create the rule.

NOTE: This name is arbitrary, and does not affect

functionality in any way.

Public Port Range Use these fields to specify the incoming port range.

These are the ports on which the CGNV2 received traffic from the originating host on the WAN.

Enter the start port number in the first field, and the end port number in the second field.

To specify only a single port, enter its number in both fields.

Private Port Range Use these fields to specify the ports to which the

received traffic should be forwarded. Enter the start port number in the first field. The number

of ports must match that specified in the Public Port Range, so the CGNV2 completes the second field automatically.

Protocol Use this field to specify whether the CGNV2 should

forward traffic via:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Transmission Control Protocol and User Datagram

Protocol (TCP/UDP)

Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Encapsulating Security Protocol (ESP)

NOTE: If in doubt, leave this field at its default (TCP/

UDP).

IP Address Use this field to enter the IP address of the computer on

the LAN to which you want to forward the traffic.

Connected Computers Click this to see a list of the computers currently

connected to the CGNV2 on the LAN.

Back Click this to return to the Firewall > Forwarding screen

without saving your changes to the port forwarding rule.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

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4.6 THE PORT TRIGGERING SCREEN

Use this screen to configure port triggering. You can turn port triggering on or off and configure new and existing port triggering rules.

Click Firewall > Port Triggering. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 21: The Firewall > Port Triggering Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 21: The Firewall > Port Triggering Screen

All Port Triggering Rules Use this field to turn port triggering on or off.

Select the checkbox to enable port triggering. Deselect the checkbox to disable port triggering.

Select Select a port triggering rule’s radio button ( ) before

clicking Edit or Delete.

# This displays the arbitrary identification number

assigned to the port triggering rule.

Application Name This displays the arbitrary name you assigned to the

rule when you created it.

Port Range These fields display the ports to which the rule applies:

The Trigger field displays the range of outgoing

ports. When the CGNV2 detects activity (outgoing traffic) on these ports from computers on the LAN, it automatically opens the Target ports.

The Target field displays the range of triggered

ports. These ports are opened automatically when the CGNV2 detects activity on the Trigger ports from computers on the LAN.

Protocol This displays the protocol of the port triggering rule.

Timeout (ms) This displays the time (in milliseconds) after the CGNV2

opens the Target ports that it should close them.

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TABLE 21: The Firewall > Port Triggering Screen

Enable Use this field to turn each port triggering rule on or off.

Select this checkbox to enable the port triggering

rule.

Deselect this checkbox to disable the port triggering

rule.

Add New Click this to define a new port triggering rule. See

Adding or Editing a Port Triggering Rule on page 64 for

information on the screen that displays.

Edit Select a port triggering rule’s radio button ( ) and click

this to make changes to the rule. See

a Port Triggering Rule

screen that displays.

Delete Select a port triggering rule’s radio button ( ) and click

this to remove the rule. The deleted rule’s information cannot be retrieved.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

on page 64 for information on the

Adding or Editing

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

4.6.1 ADDING OR EDITING A PORT TRIGGERING RULE

To add a new port triggering rule, click Add in the Firewall > Port Triggering

screen.

To edit an existing port triggering rule, select the rule’s radio button ( ) in the

Firewall > Port Triggering screen and click the Edit button.

The following screen displays.

FIGURE 22: The Firewall > Port Triggering > Add/Edit Screen

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 22: The Firewall > Port Triggering > Add/Edit Screen

Application Name Enter a name for the application for which you want to

create the rule.

NOTE: This name is arbitrary, and does not affect

functionality in any way.

Trigger Port Range Use these fields to specify the trigger ports. When the

CGNV2 detects activity on any of these ports originating from a computer on the LAN, it automatically opens the Target ports in expectation of incoming traffic.

Enter the start port number in the first field, and the end port number in the second field.

To specify only a single port, enter its number in both fields.

Target Port Range Use these fields to specify the target ports. The CGNV2

opens these ports in expectation of incoming traffic whenever it detects activity on any of the Trigger ports. The incoming traffic is forwarded to these ports on the computer connected to the LAN.

Enter the start port number in the first field, and the end port number in the second field.

To specify only a single port, enter its number in both fields.

Protocol Use this field to specify whether the CGNV2 should

activate this trigger when it detects activity via:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Transmission Control Protocol and User Datagram

Protocol (Both)

NOTE: If in doubt, leave this field at its default (Both).

Timeout (ms) Enter the time (in milliseconds) after the CGNV2 opens

the Target ports that it should close them.

Connected Computers Click this to see a list of the computers currently

connected to the CGNV2 on the LAN.

Back Click this to return to the Firewall > Forwarding screen

without saving your changes to the port forwarding rule.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIREWALL

PARENTAL CONTROL

This chapter describes the screens that display when you click Parent Control in the toolbar.

5.1 PARENTAL CONTROL OVERVIEW

This section describes some of the concepts related to the Parent Control screens.

5.1.1 WEBSITE BLOCKING

The Parent Control screens allow you to block access from computers on the LAN to certain websites, or websites whose URLs (website addresses) contain the keywords you specify.

You can also specify “trusted” computers, which should be exempted from website blocking, and you can schedule website blocking so that it is only in effect at certain times (evenings and weekends, for example).

5.2 THE WEB SITE BLOCKING SCREEN

Use this screen to block access from the LAN to certain websites. You can also specify trusted computers, which are not subject to the blocking filter.

NOTE: To apply the blocking filter only at certain times, use the Parent Control >

Scheduling screen.

Click Parent Control > Web Site Blocking. The following screen displays.

PARENTAL CONTROL

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 23: The Parent Control > Web Site Blocking Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 23: The Parent Control > Web Site Blocking Screen

Web Site Blocking Options

Enable Web Site Blocking

Use this field to turn web site blocking on or off.

Select the checkbox to enable web site blocking. Deselect the checkbox to disable web site blocking.

New Key Word/URL Blocking

Use these fields to configure the websites to which users on the LAN are denied access:

Enter a URL (for example, “www.example.com”) to

block access to that website only.

Enter a keyword (for example, “example”) to block

access to all websites that contain the keyword in their URL (for example, “www.example.com”, “www.example.org”, “www.someotherwebsite.com/ example” and so forth).

Click Add to add the URL or keyword to the Blocked Key Words/URLs list.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 23: The Parent Control > Web Site Blocking Screen (continued)

Blocked Key Words/ URLs

This displays the list of websites and keywords to which users on the LAN are denied access.

Select a URL or keyword and click Remove to delete

it from the list.

Click Clear List to delete all the URLs and keywords

from the list.

Trusted Computers

New Computer MAC Address

Trusted Computer List

Connected Computers

Remove Select a computer’s MAC address from the Connected

Clear List Click this to delete all the computers’ MAC addresses

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

Enter a computer’s Media Access Control (MAC) address and click Add to include it in the trusted computer list.

This displays a list of the computers which are exempt from the website blocking filter, identified by their MAC addresses.

Click this to see a list of the computers that are currently connected to the CGNV2.

Computers list and click this to delete it from the list.

from the list.

screen.

saved values without saving your changes.

screen.

5.3 THE SCHEDULING SCREEN

Use this screen to control when the website blocking filter should be in effect.

NOTE: To configure the website blocking filter, use the Parent Control > Web Site

Blocking screen.

Click Parent Control > Scheduling. The following screen displays.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 24: The Parent Control > Scheduling Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 24: The Parent Control > Scheduling Screen

Days of the Week Select the days of the week on which you want the

website blocking filter to be in effect.

Time of the Day Use these fields to control the time that the website

blocking filter should be in effect:

Select All Day to apply the website blocking filter at

all times.

To apply the website blocking filter only at certain

times of day, deselect All Day. Use the Start fields to define the time that the filter should come into effect, and use the End fields to define the time that the filter should cease being in effect.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

PARENTAL CONTROL

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

5.4 THE LOCAL LOGS SCREEN

Use this screen to see information about events that have triggered the website blocking filter.

Click Parent Control > Local Logs. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 25: The Parent Control > Local Logs Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 25: The Parental Control > Local Logs Screen

WAN Activity This field displays information about website blocking

filter events in the following format:

Date (DD/MM/YY) Time (HH:MM:SS) IP Address Event type

Clear Click this to remove the log events. Deleted information

cannot be retrieved.

Refresh Logs Click this to reload the information in the WAN Activity

list. Events that have occurred since you last refreshed the list display.

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PARENTAL CONTROL

WIRELESS



This chapter provides an introduction to wireless networking, describes some

common wireless network setup procedures, and documents the screens that display when you click Wireless in the toolbar. It contains the following sections:Wireless Basics on page 73: this section describes how wireless networks work and are secured. describes how to perform some common wireless network configuration tasks using your CGNV2.

Wireless Tutorials on page 75: this section

Advanced Wireless Networking on page 78: this section provides more in-depth

information. If you are just interested in setting up your wireless network in a standard configuration you do not need to read this section.

The Wireless Screens on page 80: this section provides detailed information on

each of the CGNV2’s wireless screens. Use this section as a reference to find out about a particular screen or field.

6.1 WIRELESS BASICS

This section describes how wireless networks and wireless security work.

Your CGNV2’s wireless network is part of the Local Area Network (LAN), known as the Wireless LAN (WLAN). The WLAN is a network of radio links between the CGNV2 and the other computers and devices that connect to it.

In the following figure, the wireless network is the part in the circle. The laptop and the PC are called “wireless clients” and connect to the CGNV2, which is called the “access point” or “AP”. The wireless clients can use the AP to access other devices (such as the printer) or the Internet.

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FIGURE 26: Example Wireless Network

6.1.1 WIRELESS STANDARDS

The way in which wireless devices communicate with one another is standardized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). The IEEE standards pertaining to wireless LANs are identified by their 802.11 designation. There are a variety of WLAN standards, but the CGNV2 supports the following (in order of adoption - old to new - and data transfer speeds - low to high):

IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n

6.1.2 SERVICE SETS AND SSIDS

Each wireless network, including all the devices that comprise it, is known as a “Service Set”.

Each Service Set is identified by a Service Set IDentifier (SSID). This is the name of the network. Wireless clients must know the SSID in order to be able to connect to the AP.

You can configure the CGNV2 to broadcast the SSID (in which case, any client who scans the airwaves can discover the SSID), or to “hide” the SSID (in which case it is not broadcast, and only users who already know the SSID can connect). See

the Network

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on page 77 for more information.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

6.1.3 BASIC WIRELESS SECURITY

Radio is inherently an insecure medium, since it can be intercepted by anybody in the coverage area with a radio receiver. Therefore, a variety of techniques exist in an attempt to secure it.

These techniques control authentication (identifying who should be allowed to join the network) and encryption (signal scrambling so that only authenticated users can decode the transmitted data). The sophistication of each security method varies, as does its effectiveness.

The CGNV2 supports the following wireless security protocols (in order of effectiveness):

Least secure

No security WEP WPA-PSK

Most secure WPA2-PSK

For more information on these security protocols, see page

78.

Advanced Wireless Security on

6.2 WIRELESS TUTORIALS

This section walks you through some of the more common wireless networking tasks.

NOTE: For basic wireless network setup, please see the Quick Installation Guide that

came with your CGNV2.

These tasks include:

Choosing a Security Method on page 75 Changing the Wireless Password on page 76 Changing the Network Name (SSID) on page 77 Hiding the Network on page 77 Improving the Wireless Network’s Performance on page 77

6.2.1 CHOOSING A SECURITY METHOD

The security method that you choose to use for your wireless network depends upon the security methods supported by the devices on the network (the CGNV2, your PC, your laptop, and so on).

Not all devices support the same security methods, so you must find out what security methods each of the supports, and choose a method that they all support.

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You should choose the best security method available; see Basic Wireless Security on page

In order to find out which security methods your other wireless devices support, you can:

75 for a list of methods the CGNV2 supports, in order of effectiveness.

Look at the wireless device and see if it has a label listing the methods

supported.

Look at any documentation or packaging that came with the device. Go into the device’s configuration utility and look for a list of supported methods.

This is often displayed as a drop-down list from which you can select an option.

Go to the device’s manufacturer’s website and look for an information page that

lists the device’s specifications.

If you want to use WPS (see WPS on page 79) all the wireless clients must also support WPS. There are two ways to determine if this is the case (in addition to those described above):

Look at the wireless device and see if it has a physical button labeled “WPS” or

something similar, a wireless “wave” icon (something like ), or the “Wi-Fi Protected Setup” logo. If any of these are the case, the device probably supports the WPS PBC (“Push-Button Configuration”) method.

Go into the wireless device’s configuration utility and look for a “WPS” or “Wi-Fi

Protected Setup” screen. This screen should let you know whether the device supports WPS PBC method, the WPS PIN method, or both (some devices have a PBC button in their configuration utilities, in addition to or instead of a physical button).

Once you have chosen a security method, you can select it on the CGNV2 in the Wireless > Security screen’s Security Mode field (see page

83).

6.2.2 CHANGING THE WIRELESS PASSWORD

Only wireless clients with the correct password can access the network. It’s a good idea to change your wireless network’s password every so often, if you think someone knows it who shouldn’t, or if there’s suspicious activity on your network.

You should change the password on the CGNV2, then change the password on each of your wireless clients.

The procedure for changing the password on the CGNV2 depends on the security method your network is using.

The Security Screen on

If you are using the WPS PBC (“Push-Button Configuration”) security method,

where you press a button on the CGNV2 and the other wireless devices, which connect automatically, just run the WPS PBC process again; see the Quick Installation Guide that came with your CGNV2 for more information on how to do this.

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If you are using the WPS PIN security, where you have a WPS password that

you enter into each device on the network, go to the Wireless > Basic screen and click the PIN button. In the screen that displays, enter the WPS PIN that you want to use for the CGNV2, or the WPS PIN of the client device you want to add to the network.

If you are using WEP, go to the Wireless > Security screen. Use the WEP

Settings section to define the key(s) you want to use. Click Apply when you

have finished.

If you are using WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK, go to the Wireless > Security

screen. In the WPA_Personal section, enter the new password in the Pre- Shared Key field. Click Apply when you have finished.

Whichever security method you are using, when you change the password on the CGNV2, the other devices will not be able to connect to the network until you change their passwords as well.

The way in which you change the password on the client devices differs according to manufacturer and model. In general, you will need to log in to the device’s configuration utility and perform a similar procedure to the one you just performed on the CGNV2, unless you are using the WPS PBC method, in which case you must press the button within two minutes of pressing the button on the CGNV2.

NOTE: If you are using WPS PBC, bear in mind that any device that also supports

WPS can connect to the CGNV2 during the connection period. It is therefore not an ideal method to use in public places, or if you suspect someone is attempting to gain unauthorized access to the network.

6.2.3 CHANGING THE NETWORK NAME (SSID)

To change your wireless network’s SSID (the name that displays when you scan for wireless networks on your wireless client), go to the Wireless > Basic screen. Enter the new network name in the SSID Name field and click Apply.

NOTE: Since the SSID is required to connect to a network, you will need to re-

connect your wireless client devices to the new SSID.

6.2.4 HIDING THE NETWORK

There are various reasons that you might not want your network to be visible to people scanning for available networks. To do this, go to the Wireless > Basic screen. Select the Hidden checkbox and click Apply.

6.2.5 IMPROVING THE WIRELESS NETWORK’S

PERFORMANCE

There are two main factors that affect how well your wireless devices can communicate:

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

1 Interference from physical objects

2 Radio Frequency (RF) interference

To minimize interference from physical objects:

Move the CGNV2 away from walls, heavy furniture, other massive or metallic

objects like refrigerators, and so forth.

Install the CGNV2 in a higher location.

To minimize RF interference:

Move the CGNV2 away from sources of RF energy such as wireless telephone

base stations, microwaves, and so forth.

Conduct a wireless site audit to see if other wireless networks are interfering with

yours. If so, you can change the wireless channel to one that isn’t so congested.

To conduct a site audit on the CGNV2, go to the Wireless > WiFi Site Survey screen. Click Scan. The screen that displays shows the wireless networks in the area, the Ch field shows the channel they are using, and the Signal (%) field shows how strongly the CGNV2 is receiving their signal (bear in mind that the strength of a network at the CGNV2’s location is not necessarily the same as at your wireless client’s location; it may be much stronger there).

If there are a lot of networks or a very strong network using a single channel or a group of channels, you can change the CGNV2’s channel to one further away from the congested channel. To do this on the CGNV2, go to the Wireless > Basic screen and choose an option from the Channel list. You should choose a channel as far away from the congested area as possible; ideally a difference of five channels is desirable.

Depending on their configuration, you may also then need to change the channel on your wireless client devices.

6.3 ADVANCED WIRELESS NETWORKING

This section provides more technical information about wireless networks.

NOTE: If you are just setting up your wireless network in a standard configuration

(covered in Wireless Tutorials on page 75) you do not need to read this section.

6.3.1 ADVANCED WIRELESS SECURITY

This section describes the CGNV2’s supported security protocols in greater detail.

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WEP (the Wired Equivalency Protocol): this protocol uses a series of “keys” or

data strings to authenticate the wireless client with the AP, and to encrypt data sent over the wireless link. WEP is a deprecated protocol, and should only be used when it is the only security standard supported by the wireless clients. WEP provides only a nominal level of security, since widely-available software exists that can break it in a matter of minutes.

WPA-PSK (WiFi Protected Access - Pre-Shared Key): WPA was created to

solve the inadequacies of WEP. There are two types of WPA: the “enterprise” version (known simply as WPA) requires the use of a central authentication database server, whereas the “personal” version (supported by the CGNV2) allows users to authenticate using a “pre-shared key” or password instead. While WPA provides good security, it is still vulnerable to “brute force” password-guessing attempts (in which an attacker simply barrages the AP with join requests using different passwords), so for optimal security it is advised that you use a random password of thirteen characters or more, containing no “dictionary” words.

WPA2-PSK: WPA2 is an improvement on WPA. The primary difference is that

WPA uses the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) encryption standard (which has been shown to have certain possible weaknesses), whereas WPA2 uses the stronger Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP), which has received the US government’s seal of approval for communications up to the Top Secret security level. Since WPA2-PSK uses the same pre-shared key mechanism as WPA-PSK, the same caveat against using insecure or simple passwords applies.

6.3.2 OTHER WIRELESS CONCEPTS

This section provides information on wireless-related topics not covered in previous sections.

6.3.2.1 WPS

WiFi-Protected Setup (WPS) is a standardized method of allowing wireless devices to quickly and easily join wireless networks, while maintaining a good level of security. The CGNV2 provides two methods of WPS authentication:

Push-Button Configuration (PBC): when the user presses the PBC button on

the AP (either a physical button, or a virtual button in the GUI), any user of a wireless client that supports WPS can press the corresponding PBC button on the client within two minutes to join the network.

Personal Identification Number (PIN) Configuration: all WPS-capable

devices possess a PIN (usually to be found printed on a sticker on the device’s housing). When you configure another device to use the same PIN, the two devices authenticate with one another.

Once authenticated, devices that have joined a network via WPS use the WPA2 security standard.

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6.3.2.2 WMM

WiFi MultiMedia (WMM) is a Quality of Service (QoS) enhancement that allows prioritization of certain types of data over the wireless network. WMM provides four data type classifications (in priority order; highest to lowest):

 Voice Video Best effort Background

If you wish to improve the performance of voice and video (at the expense of other, less time-sensitive applications such as Internet browsing and FTP transfers), you can enable WMM. You can also edit the WMM QoS parameters, but are disadvised to do so unless you have an extremely good reason to make the changes.

6.4 THE WIRELESS SCREENS

This section describes each of the screens that display when you click Wireless in the toolbar.

6.4.1 THE BASIC SCREEN

Use this screen to configure your CGNV2’s basic wireless settings. You can turn the wireless module on or off, select the wireless mode and channel, run WPS and configure the wireless network’s SSID.

Click Wireless > Basic. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 27: The Wireless > Basic Screen

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 26: The Wireless > Basic Screen

Wireless Basic Settings

Wireless ON/OFF Use this field to turn the wireless network on or off.

Select ENABLE to turn the wireless network on. Select DISABLE to turn the wireless network off.

Wireless Mode Select the type of wireless network that you want to use:

11B/G Mixed: use IEEE 802.11b and 802.11n 11B Only: use IEEE 802.11b 11G Only: use IEEE 802.11g 11N Only: use IEEE 802.11n 11G/N Mixed: use IEEE 802.11g and 802.11N 11B/G/N Mixed: use IEEE 802.11b, 802.11g and

802.11N

NOTE: Only wireless clients that support the network

protocol you select can connect to the wireless network. If in doubt, use 11B/G/N (default).

Channel Select the wireless channel that you want to use, or

select Auto to have the CGNV2 select the optimum channel to use.

NOTE: Use the Auto setting unless you have a specific

reason to do otherwise.

Current Channel This displays the current WiFi channel.

Channel Bandwidth Use this field to select the channel bandwidth (20MHz,

40MHz, 20/40MHz).

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 26: The Wireless > Basic Screen (continued)

Run WPS Use these buttons to run Wifi Protected Setup (WPS):

Click the PBC button to begin the Push-Button

Configuration process. You must then press the PBC button on your client wireless devices within two minutes in order to register them on your wireless network.

Click the PIN button to begin the PIN configuration

process. In the screen that displays, enter the WPS PIN that you want to use for the CGNV2, or the WPS PIN of the client device you want to add to the network.

FIGURE 28: WPS PIN

WPS Current Status This displays whether the WPS function is active, idle or

not used.

SSID Setting This displays Primary SSID.

NOTE: You may have additional BSSIDs, depending on

your contract with your service provider.

SSID Name Enter the name that you want to use for your wireless

network. This is the name that identifies your network, and to which wireless clients connect.

NOTE: It is suggested that you change the SSID from its

default, for security reasons.

Hidden Use this field to make your network visible or invisible to

other wireless devices.

Select the checkbox if you do not want the CGNV2 to

broadcast the network name (SSID) to all wireless devices in the coverage area. Anyone who wants to connect to the network must know the SSID.

Deselect the checkbox if you want your network

name (SSID) to be public. Anyone with a wireless device in the coverage area can discover the SSID, and attempt to connect to the network.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 26: The Wireless > Basic Screen (continued)

In Service This field controls whether or not the SSID is in

operation.

NOTE: At the time of writing, this field is not user-

configurable.

WMM Mode Select the checkbox if you want to apply Wifi MultiMedia

(WMM) Quality of Service (QoS) settings to this SSID.

6.4.2 THE SECURITY SCREEN

Use this screen to configure authentication and encryption on your wireless network.

NOTE: It is strongly recommended that you set up security on your network;

otherwise, anyone in the radio coverage area can access your network.

Click Wireless > Security. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 29: The Wireless > Security Screen

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 27: The Wireless > Security Screen

Wireless Security

SSID Select the SSID for which you want to configure

security.

NOTE: At the time of writing, only one SSID is available.

Security Mode Select the type of security that you want to use.

Select None to use no security. Anyone in the

coverage area can enter your network.

Select WEP to use the Wired Equivalent Privacy

security protocol.

Select WPA-Personal to use the WiFi Protected

Access (Personal) security protocol.

NOTE: Due to inherent security vulnerabilities, it is

suggested that you use WEP only if it is the only security protocol your wireless clients support. Under almost all circumstances, you should use WPA-Personal.

WEP Settings

NOTE: These fields are only configurable when you select WEP from the Security

Mode list.

WEP Key Length Use this field to specify the length of the security key

used to allow wireless devices to join the network. The longer the key, the more secure it is.

Select 64-bit to use a ten-digit security key. Select 128-bit to use a twenty-six-digit security key.

WEP Key 1~4 Use these fields to define the security keys that all

wireless devices on the network must use to join the network.

The CGNV2 supports up to four WEP keys, of which you can select one as the default. You should input the same four keys, in the same order, in your network’s wireless clients. Your CGNV2 and your wireless clients can use different default keys, as long as all four keys are present and in the same order. If your wireless client supports only a single WEP key, use the CGNV2’s default key.

Enter the keys in hexadecimal format (using the digits 0~9 and the letters A~F).

Default WEP Key Select the number of the security key that you want the

CGNV2 to use as its default authentication key for transmissions.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 27: The Wireless > Security Screen (continued)

Authentication Select the authentication mode that you want to use:

Select Open System to allow wireless clients to

authenticate (identify themselves) to the CGNV2 before presenting their security credentials (WEP keys).

Select Shared Key to use the WEP key in the

authentication process. When a client wants to associate, the CGNV2 sends an unencrypted challenge message. The client must use the WEP key to encrypt the challenge message and return it to the CGNV2, which then decrypts the message and compares the result with its original message.

Open System authentication is the more secure of the two authentication types, since while the Shared Key system appears more robust, it is possible to derive secure data by capturing the challenge messages.

Select Automatic to have the CGNV2 choose the

authentication method.

WPA_Personal

NOTE: These fields are only configurable when you select WPA-Personal from the

Security Mode list.

WPA Mode Select the type of WPA security that you want to use:

Select WPA-PSK to use Wifi Protected Access (Pre-

Shared Key) mode

Select WPA2-PSK to use Wifi Protected Access 2

(Pre-Shared Key) mode

Select Auto (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) to allow

clients operating in either mode to connect to the CGNV2.

Cipher Type Select the type of encryption that you want to use:

Select TKIP to use the Temporal Key Integrity

Protocol.

Select AES to use the Advanced Encryption

Standard.

Group Key Update Interval

Select TKIP and AES to allow clients using either

encryption type to connect to the CGNV2.

Enter the frequency (in seconds) with which you want the CGNV2 to create new pre-shared keys, and issue them to the wireless client.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 27: The Wireless > Security Screen (continued)

Pre-Shared Key Enter the pre-shared key that you want to use for your

wireless network. You will need to enter this key into your wireless clients in order to allow them to connect to the network.

Pre-Authentication Use this field to allow pre-authentication (Enable) in

WPA2, or deny pre-authentication requests (Disable). In preauthentication, a WPA2 wireless client can

perform authentication with other wireless access points in its range when it is still connected to its current wireless access point. This allows mobile wireless clients to connect to new access points more quickly, permitting more efficient roaming.

Apply Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

6.4.3 THE ACCESS CONTROL SCREEN

Use this screen to configure Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering on the wireless network.

NOTE: To configure MAC address filtering on the wired LAN, see The MAC Filtering

Screen on page 52.

You can set the CGNV2 to allow only certain devices to access the CGNV2 and the network wirelessly, or to deny certain devices access.

Click Wireless > Access Control. The following screen displays.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 30: The Wireless > Access Control Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 28: The Wireless > Access Control Screen

MAC Filtering

SSID Select the SSID for which you want to configure wireless

access control.

NOTE: At the time of writing, the CGNV2 supports a

single SSID.

MAC Filtering Mode Use this field to control whether the CGNV2 performs

MAC filtering on the wireless network.

Select Allow-All to turn MAC filtering off. All devices

may access the CGNV2 and the network wirelessly.

Select Allow to permit only devices with the MAC

addresses you set up in the Wireless Control List to access the CGNV2 and the network wirelessly. All other devices are denied access.

Select Deny to permit all devices except those with

the MAC addresses you set up in the Wireless Control List to access the CGNV2 and the network

wirelessly. The specified devices are denied access.

Apply Click this to save your changes in the MAC filtering

section.

Wireless Control List (up to 16 Items)

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 28: The Wireless > Access Control Screen (continued)

# Index This displays the index number assigned to the

permitted or denied wireless device.

Device Name This displays the name you gave to the permitted or

denied wireless device.

MAC Address This displays the MAC address of the permitted or

denied wireless device.

Delete Select a permitted or denied wireless device’s radio

button ( ) and click this to remove the device from the list. The device may no longer access the CGNV2 and the network.

Auto-Learned Wireless Devices

Device Name This displays the name of each network device that has

connected to the CGNV2 on the wireless network.

MAC Address This displays the MAC address of each network device

that has connected to the CGNV2 on the wireless network.

Manually-Added Wireless Devices

Device Name Enter the name to associate with a network device that

you want to permit or deny access to the CGNV2 and the network wirelessly.

NOTE: This name is arbitrary, and does not affect

functionality in any way.

MAC Address Specify the MAC address of the network device that you

want to permit or deny access to the CGNV2 and the network wirelessly.

Add Click this to save your changes to the fields in this

screen.

Cancel Click this to return the fields in this screen to their last-

saved values without saving your changes.

Help Click this to see information about the fields in this

screen.

6.4.4 THE WIFI SITE SURVEY SCREEN

Use this screen to view information about the wireless networks within the CGNV2’s coverage area.

Click Wireless > WiFi Site Survey. The following screen displays.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

FIGURE 31: The Wireless > WiFi Site Survey Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 29: The Wireless > WiFi Site Survey Screen

Survey Results

ch This field displays the number of the radio channel that

the target wireless network is using.

SSID This field displays the Service Set IDentifier of the target

wireless network.

BSSID This field displays the Basic Service Set IDentifier of the

target wireless network. This is usually the Media Access Control (MAC) address of the target network device.

Security This field displays the type of security that the target

wireless network is using.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 29: The Wireless > WiFi Site Survey Screen (continued)

Signal (%) This field displays the signal strength of the target

wireless network, as received by the CGNV2, as a percentage fro 0 (no reception) to 100 (perfect reception)

W-mode This field displays the wireless network standard (for

instance, 11n) that the target wireless network is using.

ExtCH For IEEE 802.11n networks that support 40MHz

wireless transmissions, this field displays whether the network uses channel bonding, and specifies whether the extension channel is above or below the primary control channel.

NOTE: Channel bonding allows an access point to

increase data throughput by using two wireless channels simultaneously, instead of a single channel. When you use channel bonding, you have a primary control channel, and an extension channel. The extension channel may be either directly above the control channel, or directly below.

For IEEE 802.11n networks using channel bonding,

where the extension channel is above the main channel, ABOVE displays.

For IEEE 802.11n networks using channel bonding,

where the extension channel is above the main channel, BELOW displays.

For networks that do not use channel bonding,

NONE displays.

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 29: The Wireless > WiFi Site Survey Screen (continued)

Nt This field displays whether the network is using

infrastructure mode, or ad-hoc mode.

NOTE: In infrastructure mode, wireless devices connect

to a central Access Point (AP), which usually connects to the Internet or another network via a wired connection. In ad-hoc mode, wireless devices connect to one another, as peers.

WPS DPID This field displays whether the target network is using

WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) or not. If the target network is using WPS, this field displays whether it is using PIN mode, or Push-Button Configuration (PBC) mode.

If the target network is not using WPS, NO displays. If the target network is using WPS, and allows

wireless devices to connect using the PIN mode, PIN displays.

If the target network is using WPS, and allows

wireless devices to connect using the push-button mode, PBC displays.

NOTE: See WPS on page 79 for more information on

WPS, and the difference between PIN and PBC modes.

6.4.5 THE CONNECTION LIST SCREEN

Use this screen to view information about the wireless clients connected to the CGNV2.

Click Wireless > Connection List. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 32: The Wireless > Connection List Screen

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HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 30: The Wireless > Connection List Screen

MAC of WiFi Client This displays the MAC address of each device

connected to the SSID.

RSSI0-1 This displays the value of the Received Signal Strength

Indicator.

PhMode This displays the WiFi operation mode.

Speed (Mbps) This displays current connection speed.

NO.

Date/Time

SSID This field displays the SSID on which the WiFi event

Device (MAC) This field displays the WiFi client’s MAC address on

Event This field describes the WiFi event.

This displays the arbitrary identification number assigned to the WiFi event.

This displays the date and time at which the WiFi event occurred.

occured.

which the WiFi event occured..

WIRELESS

eMTA

This chapter describes the screens that display when you click eMTA in the toolbar. These screens display information about the CGNV2’s embedded Multimedia Terminal Adapter module.

NOTE: The fields in these screens are read-only, and are provided for

troubleshooting purposes only.

7.1 THE STATUS SCREEN

Use this screen to see general information about the eMTA module.

Click eMTA > Status. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 33: The eMTA > Status Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 31: The eMTA > Status Screen

Startup Procedure

Telephony DHCP This field displays the status of the remote telephony

DHCP server.

EMTA

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 31: The eMTA > Status Screen (continued)

Telephony Security This displays the type of security used for voice calls

through the CGNV2.

Telephony TFTP This field displays the status of the remote telephony

TFTP server.

Telephony Registration Complete

MTA Line State

Line This displays the current status of the phone connected

This field displays the overall status of voice call registration.

to the CGNV2. This field do not display when a phone is not connected

to the port.

7.2 THE DHCP SCREEN

Use this screen to see information about the MTA module’s connections to the service provider.

Click eMTA > DHCP. The following screen displays.

FIGURE 34: The eMTA > DHCP Screen

EMTA

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 32: The eMTA > DHCP Screen

Address Information

MTA MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control (MAC)

address of the Media Terminal Adapter (MTA) module.

MTA IP Address This field displays the IP address of the MTA module.

Lease Parameters

FQDN This displays the Fully-Qualified Domain Name of the

DHCP server from which the MTA module derives its IP address and subnet mask.

IP Address/Submask This displays the MTA module’s IP address and subnet

mask, derived by DHCP.

Gateway This displays the IP address of the MTA module’s

gateway on the WAN.

Primary DNS This displays the IP address of the MTA module’s

primary Domain Name System (DNS) server.

Secondary DNS This displays the IP address of the MTA module’s

secondary DNS server.

Lease Time

Packet Cable DHCP Option 122

NOTE: DHCP Option 122 is defined in RFC 3495.

SNMP Entity (Sub- Option 3)

Kerberos Realm (Sub- Option 6)

Provisioning Timer (Sub- Option 8)

This displays the time that elapses before your device’s IP address lease expires, and a new IP address is assigned to it by the DHCP server.

This displays the Telephony Service Provider’s provisioning server address.

This displays the TSP’s Kerberos realm name.

This displays the TSP’s provisioning timer value.

EMTA

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

EMTA

VPN

This chapter describes the screens that display when you click VPN in the toolbar.

NOTE: This chapter only applies for firmware which supports VPN function.

8.1 VPN OVERVIEW

This section describes some of the concepts related to the VPN screens.

A virtual private network (VPN) extends a private network across a public network, such as the Internet. It enables a computer to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if it were directly connected to the private network, while benefitting from the functionality, security and management policies of the private network. This is done by establishing a virtual point-to-point connection through the use of dedicated connections, encryption, or a combination of the two.

8.1.1 IPSEC

The Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a technology protocol suite for securing IP communications by authenticating and/or encrypting each IP packet of a communication session.

8.1.1.1 FRAMEWORK PROTOCOLS

There are two main IPsec framework protocols are as follows:

ESP

Encapsulated Security Payload (ESP) is a protocol protects the IP packet data from third party interference by encrypting the contents using symmetric cryptography algorithms.

AH

Authentication Header (AH) is a protocol protects the IP packet header from third party interference and spoofing by computing a cryptographic checksum and hashing the IP packet header fields with a secure hashing function. This is then followed by an additional header that contains the hash, to allow the information in the packet to be authenticated.

VPN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

8.1.1.2 IKE

The Internet Key Exchange (IKE) is an IPsec standard protocol used to ensure security for VPN negotiation and remote host or network access.

8.1.1.3 ENCRYPTION ALGORITHMS

DES



Data Encryption Standard (DES) is used to encrypt and decrypt packet data.

3DES

Triple DES (3DES) applies the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher algorithm three times to each data block.

AES

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a specification for the encryption of electronic data.

TWOFISH

Twofish is a symmetric key block cipher with a block size of 128 bits and key sizes up to 256 bits. Twofish is related to the earlier block cipher Blowfish.

BLOWFISH

Blowfish is a symmetric key block cipher that can be used as a drop-in replacement for DES. It takes a variable-length key, from 32 bits to 448 bits, making it ideal for both domestic and exportable use.

8.1.1.4 CRYPTOGRAPHIC HASH FUNCTION

A cryptographic hash function is a hash function that takes an arbitrary block of data and returns a fixed-size bit string, the cryptographic hash value, such that any (accidental or intentional) change to the data will (with very high probability) change the hash value. The data to be encoded are often called the message, and the hash value is sometimes called the message digest or simply digest. There are some main cryptographic hash algorithms are as follows:

MD5

The MD5 message-digest 5 (MD5) algorithm is a widely used cryptographic hash function that produces a 128-bit (16-byte) hash value. MD5 has been utilized in a wide variety of security applications, and is also commonly used to check data integrity. An MD5 hash value is typically expressed as a hexadecimal number, 32 digits long.

SHA

Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA). The four SHA algorithms are structured differently and are distinguished as SHA-0, SHA-1, SHA-2, and SHA-3. SHA-1 is very similar to SHA-0, but corrects an error in the original SHA hash specification that led to significant weaknesses. The SHA-0 algorithm was not adopted by many applications. SHA-2 on the other hand significantly differs from the SHA-1 hash function.

VPN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

8.1.2 PPTP

The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is used for providing security levels and remote access levels comparable with typical VPN products.

8.1.3 L2TP

The Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs) or as part of the delivery of services by ISPs.

8.2 THE PASSTHROUGH SCREEN

Use this screen to select the VPN pass-through mode.

Click VPN > PassThrough. The following screen displays.

NOTE: This screen allows to choose which VPN protocols will be supported by

CGNV2 in passthrough mode when the VPN client is a CPE connected to its LAN.

FIGURE 35: The VPN > PassThrough Screen

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

TABLE 33: The VPN > PassThrough Screen

PassThrough Mode

IPsec PassThrough Use this field to select whether the IPsec Pass-through be

active or not.

Select Enabled to activate the IPsec Pass-through. Deselect Enabled to deactivate the IPsec Pass-

through.

VPN

HITRON CGNV2 USER’S GUIDE

TABLE 33: The VPN > PassThrough Screen (continued)

PPTP PassThrough Use this field to select whether the PPTP Pass-through be

active or not.

Select Enabled to activate the PPTP Pass-through. Deselect Enabled to deactivate the PPTP Pass-

through.

L2TP PassThrough Use this field to select whether the L2TP Pass-through be

active or not.

Select Enabled to activate the L2TP Pass-through. Deselect Enabled to deactivate the L2TP Pass-

through.

8.3 THE IP SEC SCREEN

Use this screen to configure IP Sec VPN functions. You can turn IP Sec VPN functions on or off and configure new and existing

VPN tunnel.

Click VPN > IPsec. The following screen displays.

VPN

Hitron CGNV2 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

ABOUT THIS USER’S GUIDE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

INTRODUCTION

1.1 CGNV2 OVERVIEW

1.1.1 KEY FEATURES

1.2 HARDWARE CONNECTIONS

1.3 LEDS

1.4 IP ADDRESS SETUP

1.4.1 MANUAL IP ADDRESS SETUP

1.5 LOGIN TO THE CGNV2

1.6 GUI OVERVIEW

1.7 RESETTING THE CGNV2

CABLE

2.1 CABLE OVERVIEW

2.1.1 DOCSIS

2.1.2 IP ADDRESSES AND SUBNETS

2.1.2.1 IP ADDRESS FORMAT

2.1.2.2 IP ADDRESS ASSIGNMENT

2.1.2.3 SUBNETS

2.1.3 DHCP

2.1.4 DHCP LEASE

2.1.5 DNS

2.1.6 MAC ADDRESSES

2.1.7 ROUTING MODE

2.1.8 CONFIGURATION FILES

2.1.9 DOWNSTREAM AND UPSTREAM TRANSMISSIONS

2.1.10 CABLE FREQUENCIES

2.1.11 MODULATION

2.1.12 TDMA, FDMA AND SCDMA

2.2 THE SYSTEM INFO SCREEN

2.3 THE INITIALIZATION SCREEN

2.4 THE STATUS SCREEN

2.5 THE PASSWORD SCREEN

WAN/LAN

3.1 WAN/LAN OVERVIEW

3.1.1 WIDE AREA NETWORKS AND LOCAL AREA NETWORKS

3.1.2 WAN/LAN IP ADDRESSES AND SUBNETS

3.1.3 DNS

3.1.4 DOMAIN SUFFIX

3.1.5 MTU

3.1.6 DEBUGGING (PING AND TRACEROUTE)

3.2 THE LAN IP SCREEN

3.2.1 ADDING OR EDITING A RESERVED IP

3.3 THE DEBUG SCREEN

3.4 THE BACKUP SCREEN

3.5 THE WAN IP SCREEN

FIREWALL

4.1 FIREWALL OVERVIEW

4.1.1 FIREWALL

4.1.2 INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM

4.1.3 PING

4.1.4 MAC FILTERING

4.1.5 IP FILTERING

4.1.6 PORT FORWARDING

4.1.7 PORT TRIGGERING

4.1.8 DMZ

4.2 THE FIREWALL OPTIONS SCREEN

4.3 THE MAC FILTERING SCREEN

4.4 THE IP FILTERING SCREEN

4.4.1 ADDING OR EDITING AN IP FILTERING RULE

4.5 THE FORWARDING SCREEN

4.5.1 ADDING OR EDITING A PORT FORWARDING RULE

4.6 THE PORT TRIGGERING SCREEN

4.6.1 ADDING OR EDITING A PORT TRIGGERING RULE

PARENTAL CONTROL

5.1 PARENTAL CONTROL OVERVIEW

5.1.1 WEBSITE BLOCKING

5.2 THE WEB SITE BLOCKING SCREEN

5.3 THE SCHEDULING SCREEN

5.4 THE LOCAL LOGS SCREEN

WIRELESS

6.1 WIRELESS BASICS

6.1.1 WIRELESS STANDARDS

6.1.2 SERVICE SETS AND SSIDS