Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Manual

Hitachi Unified Storage VM

Product Overview Guide

F

AST

F

IND

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Product Version
Getting Help
Contents

MK-92HM7003-04

© 2012 - 2013 Hitachi Ltd. All rights reserved.
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mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or stored in a database or retrieval system for any
purpose without the express written permission of Hitachi, Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Hitachi"), and
Hitachi Data Systems Corporation (hereinafter referred to as "Hitachi Data Systems").

Hitachi and Hitachi Data Systems reserve the right to make changes to this document at any time without
notice and assume no responsibility for its use. This document contains the most current information
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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Safety and environmental information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Intended audience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Release notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Product version. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Document revision level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Changes in this revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Referenced documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Document conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Convention for storage capacity values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x

Accessing product documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x

Getting help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x

Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

1 System Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

System features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Block module storage system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Scalability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

High performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

High capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

High reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Non-disruptive service and upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Economical and quiet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

File module storage system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Scalability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Primary data de-duplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

Consolidation and virtualization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

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Storage virtualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

High flexibility and wide applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

Separation of server and storage functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

High namespace scalability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

Advanced multitier storage mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

Effective data reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12

2 Hardware Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Block module storage system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Controller chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Drive boxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

File module storage system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

File module server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

System management unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

Fibre channel (FC) switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

External fast ethernet (10/100) or GigE switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

10 GbE (10 Gigabit Ethernet) switches (cluster configurations only) . . . . . 2-12

3 Software Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Block Module software features and functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Virtualization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Performance Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Provisioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Data Replication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

System Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Host Server software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

File module storage system software features and functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Intelligent tiering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Data migrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Cross-volume links. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Dynamic caching. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Cluster read caching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Data relocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Data Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

High availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Snapshots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Space efficient clones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Replication features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Object replication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Block replication and SyncDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Backup features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

4 Setup and configuration overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Required setup tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

General task list. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

1. Site preparation tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

2. Startup tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

3. Basic system admin tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

4. Provisioning and configuration tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

5. Storage virtualization tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

6. Data replication and disaster recovery tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Optional setup tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

1. Provisioning and configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

2. Performance monitoring and tuning tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

3. Troubleshooting and other tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

A Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Unified Storage VM user guides by topic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2

Unified Storage VM user guides by number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3

Glossary

Index

Contents

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

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Contents

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Preface

This manual provides instructions and information to use the Hitachi Unified
Storage VM storage system.

Read this document carefully to understand how to use this product, and
keep a copy for reference.

□ Safety and environmental information

□ Intended audience

□ Release notes

□ Product version

□ Document revision level

□ Changes in this revision

□ Referenced documents

□ Document conventions

□ Convention for storage capacity values

□ Accessing product documentation

□ Getting help

□ Comments

Preface

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

vii

Safety and environmental information

Caution: Before operating or working on the Hitachi Unified Storage VM
storage system, read the safety and environmental information in the
Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hardware User Guide.

Intended audience

This document is intended for system administrators, Hitachi Data Systems
representatives, and authorized service providers who install, configure,
and operate the Hitachi Unified Storage VM storage system.

Readers of this document should be familiar with the following:

• Data processing and RAID storage systems and their basic functions.

• The Hitachi Unified Storage VM storage system and the Hitachi Unified
Storage VM Block Module Hardware User Guide.

• The Storage Navigator software for the Hitachi Unified Storage VM
storage system and the Hitachi Storage Navigator User Guide.

Release notes

The Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Release Notes provide
information about the HUS VM block module microcode (DKCMAIN and
SVP). A second set of release notes provides information about the HUS VM
file module NAS operating system (SU and SMU). Each of the release notes
describe the new features, functions, and changes. Both release notes are
available on the Hitachi Data Systems Portal: https://portal.hds.com

Product version

This document revision applies to Hitachi Unified Storage VM firmware
version 73-03-0x and later.

Document revision level

Revision Date Description

MK-92HM7003-00 September 2012 Initial release
MK-92HM7003-01 December 2012 Supersedes and replaces MK-92HM7003-00
MK-92HM7003-02 March 2013 Supersedes and replaces MK-92HM7005-01
MK-92HM7003-03 May 2013 Supersedes and replaces MK-92HM7005-02
MK-92HM7003-04 October 2013 Supersedes and replaces MK-92HM7005-03

Changes in this revision

• Changed the name of this document from Getting Started Guide to
Product Overview Guide

• Reorganized and rewrote the contents of this manual to fit the new
manual name.

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Preface

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

• Added File Module information to chapters 1, 2, and 3.

Referenced documents

A complete list of both HUS VM block module and file module documentation
is located in Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides on page A-1.

Document conventions

Hitachi Data Systems user manuals use the following typographic
conventions as needed to clarify information.

Convention Description

Bold Indicates the following:

Italic Indicates a variable, which is a placeholder for actual text

Monospace Indicates text that is displayed on screen or entered by the user .

< > angle brackets Indicates a variable, which is a placeholder for actual text

[ ] square brackets Indicates optional values. Example: [ a | b ] indicates that you

{ } braces Indicates required or expected values. Example: { a | b }

| vertical bar Indicates that you have a choice between two or more options

• Text in a window or dialog box, such as menus, menu
options, buttons, and labels. Example: In the Add Pair
dialog box, click OK.

• Text appearing on screen or entered by the user. Example:
The -split option.

• The name of a directory, folder, or file. Example: The
CacheInfo.csv file.

provided by the user or system. Example: copy source-file

target-file

Angle brackets are also used to indicate variables.

Example: # pairdisplay -g oradb

provided by the user or system. Example: # pairdisplay -g

<group>

Italic is also used to indicate variables.

can choose a, b, or nothing.

indicates that you must choose either a or b.

or arguments. Examples:
[ a | b ] indicates that you can choose a, b, or nothing.
{ a | b } indicates that you must choose either a or b.

Hitachi Data Systems user manuals use the following icons as needed to
draw attention to information.

Icon Meaning Description

Tip Helpful information, guidelines, or suggestions for

performing tasks more effectively.

Preface

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

ix

Icon Meaning Description

Important Information that is essential to the completion of a task.

Caution Failure to take a specified action can result in adverse

conditions or consequences such as damage to the software
or hardware

WARNING Failure to take a specified action can result in severe

conditions or consequences such as in loss of data or serious
damage to hardware.

ELECTRIC
SHOCK
HAZARD

Failure to take appropriate precautions such as not open ing
or touching hazardous areas of the equipment could result
in injury or death.

Convention for storage capacity values

Physical and logical storage capacities of disk drives in Hitachi Data Systems
storage products are calculated based on the following values:

Physical Disk Capacity

1 KB = 1,000 bytes

2

1 MB = 1,000
1 GB = 1,0003 bytes

bytes 1 PB = 1,0005 bytes

Logical storage capacity values (logical device capacity) are calculated
based on the following values:

Logical Disk Capacity (1 block= 512 bytes)

1 KB (kilobyte) = 1,024 bytes (210) 1 TB (terabyte) = 1,0244 bytes

2

1 MB (megabyte) = 1,024
1 GB (gigabyte) = 1,024

bytes 1 PB (petabyte) = 1,0245 bytes

3

bytes 1 EB (exabyte) = 1,0246 bytes

1 TB = 1,000

1 EB = 1,000

4

bytes

6

bytes

Accessing product documentation

The Unified Storage VM user documentation is available on the Hitachi Data
Systems Support Portal: https://Portal.HDS.com. Check this site for the
most current documentation, including important updates that may have
been made after the release of the product.

Getting help

The Hitachi Data Systems customer support staff is available 24 hours a
day , seven days a week. If you need technical support, log on to the Hitachi
Data Systems support portal for contact information: https://

Portal.HDS.com

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Preface

Comments

Please send us your comments about this document to:

[e-mail]. Include the document title and number , including

the revision level (for example, -07), and refer to specific sections and
paragraphs whenever possible. All comments become the property of
Hitachi Data Systems.

Thank you!

Preface

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

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Preface

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

1

System overview

This chapter provides an overview of the Hitachi Unified Stor age VM storage
system. Detailed information is located in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hardware User Guide.

NOTE: The Hitachi Unified Storage VM storage system may be installed only
by Hitachi Data Systems service personnel or authorized service partners.
However some high level installation information is included in this manual
and in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hardware User Guide
for reference.

□ System features

□ Block module storage system

□ File module storage system

System overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

1–1

System features

The Hitachi Unified Storage VM storage system is an entry lev el enterprise
storage platform combining storage virtualization services with unified
block, file, and object data management. This versatile, scalable platform
offers a new storage virtualization system to provide central storage
services to existing storage assets. Unified management delivers end to end
central storage management of all virtualized internal and external storage.
A unique, hardware-accelerated, object-based file system supports
intelligent file tiering and migration, and virtual NAS functionality without
compromising performance or scalability.

Using this system, you can deploy virtual server applications within a new
storage virtualization framework, extend new services to your current
storage investments, and more closely align IT with business objectives by
enhancing capacity efficiency . Unified Stor age VM storage systems provide
the foundation for matching application service requirements to different
classes of storage and for delivering critical services including:

• Virtualization of all storage assets

• Business continuity data protection services

• Simplified management of block, file and object data

• Host transparent data migration

• Dynamic storage tiering and thin provisioning

• High availability with scalable performance

• High reliability under all configurations and loads

• Non-disruptive service and upgrades

• Advanced file management services

• Secure multiple tenant partitioning

• Simplified, extremely easy-to-use data management

• A high degree of data protection for business

• Transparent data mobility for any number of different storage tiers

• The ability to reduce storage space through primary data de-duplication
and TDM

• Industry-leading scalability

• Exceptional performance

• Low total cost-of-ownership

1–2

System overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Block module storage system

This section briefly describes the Unified Storage VM block module storage
system.

Overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM block module storage systems contain new
technology that was not available in previous Hitachi Data Systems storage
systems. This technology is used to create a smaller , more efficient, cooler
running controller than the VSP controller, while using the same high speed
architecture.

Hitachi Unified Storage VM is based on a new block storage system powered
by a storage virtualization controller connected to the data drives and the
host servers. Its dual node, shared resource architecture creates a
redundant configuration in which the storage system can continue operation
should a component failure occur. Main components can be added,
removed, and replaced without shutting down a device and while the
storage system is in operation. The microcode can also be upgraded without
shutting down the storage system. A service processor that monitors the
operational status of the storage system is mounted in the controller
chassis. Connecting the service process with a Hitachi service center
enables remote maintenance.

Features

Scalability

The system can be configured starting with a single diskless system up to a
large, three-rack system that includes up to 1,152 HDD drives including up
to 128 SSD drives and up to 96 flash module drives, and a total of 256 GB
cache. The system provides a highly granular upgrade path allowing the
addition of file modules or data drives to the drive chassis in an existing
system as storage needs increase, all mounted in standard 19-inch racks.
A basic Unified Storage VM storage system consists of a controller chassis
and either no drives or one or more drive boxes that contain the hard disk
drives or solid state drives. Unified Storage VM supports multiple concurrent
operating systems to create a heterogeneous system environment.

This section describes the main features of the Unified Storage VM block
module storage system.

The Unified Storage VM storage system is highly scalable and can be
configured in several ways as needed to meet customer requirements.

• The minimum configuration is a single rack containing one controller
chassis in a diskless configuration.

• A single rack containing one controller chassis and up to seven dense
drive boxes or 16 standard drive boxes, or a combination of the two.

• The maximum configuration is a system that contains one controller
chassis and a combination of drive boxes containing a maximum of
1,152 drives, including 2-1/2 inch and 3-1/2 inch HDD or SSD drives,

System overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

1–3

and 5-1/4 inch flash module drives. The total storage space of this
configuration is 3,383 TB. The Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module
Hardware User Guide contains details about the data drives.

Figure 1-1 Example HUS VM storage system configurations

In addition to a varying number of data drives, the system can be
configured with disk drives of different capacities and speeds, varying
numbers of host I/O modules and back-end I/O modules, and v arying cache
capacities, as follows:

• Two to four host I/O modules (each is a pair of boards). This provides a
total of 8 when all of the host I/O module slots are used and there are
no back-end I/O modules installed, as in a diskless system. The
maximum total number of host I/O modules and back-end I/O modules
is 8.

• Two to four back-end I/O modules (each is a pair of boards). This
provides a total of 8 when all of the back-end I/O module slots are used.
In this case only two host I/O modules can be installed.

• Cache memory capacity: multiple configurations from 32 GB to 256 GB

• Disk drive capacities of 300 GB, 600 GB, 900 GB, and 3TB

• Flash drive capacities of 200 GB, 400 GB and 800 GB

• Maximum available channel ports: 40 with disks, 48 if diskless

High performance

The HUS VM block module storage system includes several features that
provide very high system performance. These include:

• High speed disk drives that run at 7,200, 10,000, or 15,000 RPM

• SSD flash drives with ultra high speed response

• Flash module drives with ultra high speed response

1–4

• High speed data transfer between the back-end I/O module and HDDs
at a rate of 6 GBps with the SAS interface

System overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

• High speed quad core CPUs that provide the same performance as the

High capacity

The HUS VM block module storage system supports the following high­capacity features. See the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module
Hardware User Guide for details.

• HDD (disk) drives with capacities of 300 GB, 600 GB, 900 GB and 3TB.

• SSD (flash) drives with capacities of 200 GB, 400 GB, and 800 GB.

• Flash module drives with a capacity of 1.6 TB each.

• Controls up to 16,384 logical volumes and up to 1,152 disk drives, and

Connectivity

Hitachi Unified Storage VM

The HUS VM block module storage system supports most major operating
systems, such as Microsoft Windows, Oracle Solaris, IBM AIX, Linux, HP-UX,
Novell Netware, SUSU Linux, Red Hat Linux, And VMware ESX Server. For
more complete information on the supported operating systems, go to:

http://www.hds.com/products/interoperability/index.htm

supports the Fibre Channel host interface.

VSP system (three times the performance of a Universal Storage
Platform V/VM storage system).

provides a maximum physical disk capacity of approximately 3,383 TB
per storage system

. The system

Storage Navigator

The required features for the Storage Navigator computer include operating
system, available disk space, screen resolution, CD drive, network
connection, USB port, CPU, memory , browser, Flash, and Java environment.
These features are described in Chapter 1 of the Hitachi Storage Navigator
User Guide.

High reliability

The HUS VM block module storage system includes the following features
that make the system extremely reliable:

• The system supports RAID6 (6D+2P/14D+2P), RAID5 (3D+1P/7D+1P),

• All main system components are configured in redundant pairs. If one of

• The HUS VM block module storage system is designed so that it cannot

and RAID1 (2D+2D/4D+4D). See the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block
Module Hardware User Guide for more information on RAID levels.

the components in a pair fails, the other component performs the
function alone until the failed component is replaced. Meanwhile, the
storage system continues normal operation.

lose data or configuration information if the power fails. This is explained
in Battery backup operations in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block
Module Hardware User Guide.

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

1–5

Non-disruptive service and upgrades

The HUS VM block module storage system is designed so that service and
upgrades can be performed without interrupting normal operations. These
features include:

• All main components can be “hot swapped” — added, removed, and
replaced without any disruption while the storage system is in operation.
The components include the Main blade, Cache memory module, Control
PCB, Cache flash memory, power supplies, fans, disk drives, and flash
drives. However, while additional cache memory is installed, the channel
ports and drive ports of the affected cluster are blocked.

• A Service Processor mounted in the controller chassis monitors the
running condition of the storage system. Connecting the SVP with a
service center enables remote maintenance.

• The firmware (microcode) can be upgraded without disrupting the
operation of the storage system. The firmware is stored in shared
memory (part of the cache memory module) and transferred in a batch,
reducing the number of transfers from the SVP to the controller chassis
via the LAN. This increases the speed of replacing the firmware online
because it works with two or more processors at the same time.

Economical and quiet

The three-speed fans in the controller chassis and drive boxes are
thermostatically-controlled. Sensors in the units measure the temperature
of the exhaust air and set the speed of the fans only as high as necessary
to maintain the unit temperature within a preset ran ge. When the system is
not busy and generates less heat, the fan speed is reduced, saving energy
and reducing the noise level of the system.

Power Saving Mode. When the storage system is in standby mode, the
disk drives spin down and the controller and drive chassis use significantly
less power. A system in standby mode uses approximately 70% of the
power that it uses during normal operation.

File module storage system

This section describes the Unified Storage VM file module.

Overview

The Hitachi Unified Storage VM file module features a hybrid core
architecture using the best properties of FPGA-based design to optimize
data movement coupled with high performance, multi-core processors for
efficient data management functions. Both classes of activity work at full
speed without an impact on the other. They can handle a number of
simultaneous workloads such as serving email to thousands of users and
hosting large scale OL TP applications, while maintaini ng high performance.
They also provide high IOPS performance and utilize built-in 10 Gigabit and
1 Gigabit Ethernet for high throughput NAS and iSCSI networking
connectivity . Up to 4 nodes in a single cluster will meet demands for scalable
storage with greater access, capacity and performance. Storage can be

1–6

System overview

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added at any time to meet new application or business needs, or consolidate
disparate storage all with a single point of management, without downtime.
These systems offer a total usable capacity of from 4 to 8 PB under a single
namespace, all easily managed from a central system management
console.

The Hitachi File System is built around the object store, a collection of object
structures referring to data on disks , and a set of rules. These rules govern
the organizational layout and management of objects in the object store.
The techniques behind creating, copying, moving, migrating, and deleting
the objects in the object store make the Hitachi File System extremely
effective and efficient.

Tiered file systems decrease file access times by placing file metadata on
the highest performance storage, while file content is placed on storage wit h
less performance. A policy-based automatic file migration feature helps
organizations move data among storage and archive tiers whether internal
to the data center, or externally from remote or branch offices. The cluster
namespace functionality provides a single namespace with a directory
structure that is independent of where data actually resides in physical
storage. Virtual servers are used to group server resources to match the
needs of application or organizational requirements. In a clustered
environment, file systems can be quickly relocated among physical servers
for load balancing, and virtual servers automatically migrate in a cluster
failover scenario.

Features

Scalability

This section describes the key features and benefits of the Unified Storage
VM storage system file module.

The Unified Storage VM storage system file module is highly scalable and
can be configured in several ways as needed to meet customer
requirements, without impacting performance.

The Hitachi File System can support billions of files in a single file system
and millions of files in a single directory, while keeping directory search
times to a minimum and sustaining overall system performance. Combined
with cluster namespace, the Hitachi File System can support many
petabytes in a single unified namespace and present it all as a single file
system accessible to many concurrent hosts, through a single mount point
if desired.

The basic configuration is a single rack containing one NAS server and up to
8U of disk storage, as shown in the following figure.

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1–7

Figure 1-2 Basic Unified Storage VM file module configuration

Item Description Item Description

1 Management block / server

(equivalent to block module
controller chassis)

2 Storage block (data drives)

The system can contain a single file module (Hitachi NAS Platform), or
several file modules operating as a cluster. Clusters using more than two
Hitachi NAS Platforms typically include 2 x 10Gbps Ethernet switches (one
is required, but two are recommended for redundancy). For instructions on
how to implement a cluster configuration, refer to the Server and Cluster
Administration Guide.

Figure 1-3 Example Unified Storage VM file module configurations on page
1-9 shows two examples of file module system configurations including a

rack containing up to two NAS servers, two system management units
(SMUs), two fibre channel switches, and up to 32U of storage per rack,
depending on the number of servers and system management units
installed. The hardware section following the figure describes the individual
system components.

1–8

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Figure 1-3 Example Unified Storage VM file module configurations

System overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

1–9

Item Description Item Description

1 Management block (ethernet switch) 2 Storage block (data drives)
3 Management block (server/ controller

chassis)

5 Management block (system

management unit)

4 Fibre channel switch

Primary data de-duplication

The Hitachi File System has built-in data deduplication capability that
reduces storage consumption, and is particularly effective when used for
server virtualization or VDI. Unlike other NAS products, the Hitachi File
System achieves data reduction with minimal impact on overall system
performance, so dedupe can be enabled even when the system is under
load. Combined with Hitachi flash technology, the Hitachi File System can
deliver superior performance for a fraction of the cost.

Consolidation and virtualization

Scalability enables consolidation, particularly of older hardware and
"storage islands". Creating a unified, large-scale storage solution allows
storage administrators to combine the functions of what were separately
implemented file servers, reaping cost-savings and management benefits of
a consolidated platform. Any successful consolidation strategy has to
support virtual server and virtual desktop (VDI) environments. The Hitachi
File System will operate very effectively in virtualization technology , such as
VMware, providing functionality like space-efficient writeable clones, which
enables fast backup and recovery of VM images.

Storage virtualization

Virtualization is about making more efficient use of high performance NAS
server. The more powerful the server is, the better suited it is to virtualize
a larger number of less capable, under-utilized devices. HNAS can virtualize
3rd party NAS devices and relocate data in the background, allowing the
customer to preserve existing assets until they can be taken out of service.
Our implementation of virtual servers allows groups to retain "ownership"
of their virtual entity within a single physical server . Thin provisioning mak es
it possible for multiple virtual servers to share a single pool of storage
devices.

The Hitachi File System offers benefits beyond sustained, predictable,
consistent file server performance. Because of its architecture, the Hitachi
File System can adjust to the users' workflow and data sets. Not all data has
the same "value" to user workflow. When data is first created it may be
extremely valuable and must therefore reside on storage built for high
performance. As the data ages, application and eventually archival
requirements tend to dominate, imposing further conditions on the storage
where the data now resides. Yet, once an application knows where the data
resides, data relocations are difficult. The Hitachi File System eliminates this
difficulty by providing a mechanism to migrate transparently across multiple

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tiers of storage, including devices optimized for archival. Users do not
necessarily need to be aware of the actual data location, and applications
need not be rewritten either

High flexibility and wide applicability

The Hitachi File system flexible architecture enables wide applicability to
changing workloads, data sets, and access patterns. It provides high
scalability, fast metadata processing performance, and excellent data
movement speed under a wide range of host loads, usage patterns, and
data types. Fine-grained parallelism, off-loading of specific file system
operations to FPGAs, and data pipelining all contribute to the Hitachi File
System handling of both throughput and metadata processing.

Separation of server and storage functions

The Hitachi File System delivers performance with relatively small storage
systems. The file system also allows for performance to increase granularly
as more disks are added. Typically this benefit is immediately apparent,
even before "restriping" the data across both old and new spindles, as
writes spread automatically and immediately. As a result, customers may
start small and scale performance by adding storage when needed.
Additional file servers are not necessarily required for additional
performance. As performance requirements grow, customers may also take
advantage of clustering technology within the Hitachi File System to add
more servers while maintaining a single namespace. This provides easy
management of large pools of data, but the Hitachi File System still offers
true separation of function between storage and servers. Each may be
scaled independently to meet your needs; there is no requirement to
purchase one to get the other as with many competing NAS product

High namespace scalability

Scaling beyond a single NAS server is essential for high performance
storage solutions. Many parallel file system implementations rely on
clustering multiple servers together for greater aggregate performance.
Individual servers are much more powerful than traditional CPU-based
architectures, meaning fewer servers are needed in a given cluster to
achieve the same level of performance. The difference with the Hitachi File
System is the scale. The Hitachi File System also makes it possible to create
a single, unified namespace across the entire cluster of file servers. This
makes it appear as a single file system to all network hosts and is known as
cluster namespace or CNS. CNS satisfies the most common scalability
requirements, allowing network hosts to access data on any server in the
cluster, regardless of physical location. The Hitachi File System moves data
seamlessly between multiple cluster nodes with minimal impact to
performance.

Advanced multitier storage mechanisms

The Hitachi File System provides policy-driven data migr ation mechanisms
for transparent data migration between many storage tiers. Data has an
assigned value (by age, data type, owner, etc.) so transparently relocating

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

1–11

data to an applicable storage "tier" without requiring users and applications
to be pointed to the new location is a key feature of the Hitachi File System.
This ability to extend the Hitachi File System to external devices, including
other Hitachi products (such as HCP), private or public cloud, and even third
party, or foreign, file systems accessible from the servers via NFSv3. Such
data migration mechanisms also allow for repurposing of existing storage
devices as external storage tiers, lowering total costs and offering easier
platform transition.

Effective data reduction

The Hitachi File System can reduce storage requirements by various
mechanisms, thus making storage more cost effective. The Hitachi File
System can de-duplicate primary data with minimal performance impact.
In addition, it can move data that is not actively used to the private or public
cloud, thus greatly reducing the amount of data that is retained in
expensive storage. Using HNAS in conjunction with Hitachi Content
Platform (HCP) or Hitachi Capacity Optimizer (HCO) makes it possible to
"backup less", which results in significant saving in operational costs.

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2

Hardware overview

This chapter provides a brief description of the hardware used in the Hitachi
Unified Storage VM storage system. Detailed information is located in the

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hardware User Guide.

NOTE: The Hitachi Unified Storage VM storage system may be installed only
by Hitachi Data Systems service personnel or authorized service partners.
However some high level installation information is included in this manual
and in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hardware User Guide
for reference.

□ Block module storage system

□ File module storage system

Hardware overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

2–1

Block module storage system

This section briefly describes the Unified Storage VM block module storage
system.

The HUS VM block module storage system can be configured in many ways,
starting with a one-rack, diskless system to a multi-rack system that
includes the following:

• A 5U controller chassis

• Up to 48 standard 2U 24-drive boxes

• Up to 24 4U 48-drive dense drive boxes

• Up to eight 2U 12-drive flash module drive boxes

The system supports a maximum of 1,152 SFF , LFF, and FMD data drives or
a combination of the two. The system supports up to 128 SSD drives and
up to 96 flash module drives.

The HUS VM block module storage system controller chassis contains the
control logic, processors, memory , and interfaces to the drive box es and the
host servers.

The HUS VM block module storage system supports multiple cache
configurations, with a maximum of 256 GB. The system provides a highly
granular upgrade path, allowing the addition of disk drives to the drive
chassis, and both main (cache) and processor blades as needed to increase
system capacity and performance as storage needs increase.

All system components are mounted in either a standard Hitachi Data
Systems 19-inch, 42U rack, or a customer-supplied rack that meets the rack
specifications listed in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module
Hardware User Guide.

The following sections provide descriptions and illustrations of the HUS VM
block module storage system and its components.

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Figure 2-1 HUS VM block module storage system

Item Description Item Description

1 Blank space for installation lifter (2U) 2 Controller chassis
3 DBX (dense) drive box (48 LFF drives) 4 DBS drive box (24 SFF drives) or

DBL drive box (12 LFF drives)

5Blank space (1U)

The following illustration shows a basic illustration of a controller, a standard
drive box, and a high-density drive box. They are all described briefly in this
chapter and in detail in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module

Hardware User Guide.

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

2–3

Figure 2-2 HUS VM block module storage system components

Item Description Item Description

1 Controller Chassis 2 Dense Drive Box
3 Standard 2U SFF, LFF, or FMD

Drive Box

Controller chassis

The controller chassis (factory designation DKC) includes the logical
components, memory, disk drive interfaces, and host interfaces. It can be
expanded with a high degree of granularity to a system offering up to twice
the number of processors, cache capacity , host interfaces and disk stor age
capacity . It is mounted at the bottom of the rack because it is heavier than
the drive boxes.

The following illustration shows the front and rear views of the controller
chassis.

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Drive boxes

The Unified Storage VM storage system can be configured in many ways,
starting with a one-rack, diskless system to a large, three-rack system that
includes a controller chassis and up to 48 standard drive boxes or up to 24
dense drive boxes. Standard and dense drive bo xes can be intermix ed in a
Unified Storage VM system to meet specific storage requirements. More
detail about the drive boxes is provided in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hardware User Guide.

• DBS (Drive Box, Small form factor drives). This drive box can contain

• DBL (Drive Box, Large form factor drives). This drive box can contain

• DBF (Drive Box, FMD drives). This drive box can contain up to 12

Figure 2-3 Controller chassis, front (above) and rear (below)

up to 24 vertically mounted. 2-1/2-inch HDD or SDD drives.

up to 12 horizontally mounted. 3-1/2-inch HDD or SDD drives.

horizontally mounted. 5-1/4-inch Flash module drives.

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2–5

•The DBX dense drive box is a 4U chassis that contains two identical 24-
drive units. Each unit contains a maximum of 24 vertically-mounted
(from the top of the drive box) LFF HDD or SSD drives. Up to 24 dense
drive boxes can be mounted in a Unified Storage VM system. The
standard and dense drive boxes are shown in the following figure.

Figure 2-4 Standard drive boxes (front bezels removed)

2–6

Figure 2-5 Dense drive box (front bezel removed)

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Specifications

The following tables provide general specifications of the Unified Stor age VM
system. Additional specifications are located in Appendix A, Specifications,
in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hardware User Guide.

Table 2-1 HUS VM system specifications

Item Specifications

System Maximum Storage Capacity 3,383TB (3TB-SAS HDD used)

Number of Disk Drives Min: 4 (disk-in model)

0 (diskless model)

Max: 1,152 (2-1.2-in and 3-1/2 in)

Maximum Number of Flash Drives
Maximum Number of Flash Module

Drives
Maximum Number of Spare Drives 64
Maximum Number of LDEVs / volumes 16,384
Supported RAID Levels RAID1, RAID 5, RAID 6
RAID Group

Configuration

Internal Path Architecture:

Back-end Path SAS 6G: 32 (2WL*6)

Memory Cache memory capacity 32 GB, 64 GB, 96 GB, 128 GB

Cache flash memory capacity 160 GB

Number of ports per
installation unit

Device I/F Controller chassis-drive chassis

Channel I/F Open-systems 2/4/8 GBps Fibre Shortwave:

Supported drives See Table 2-2 Drive Specifications on page 2-8.
Management Processor

Cores

FC 2/4/8 GB 80 (96 *1)/16,8

Interface
Data transfer rate Max. 6 GBps
Maximum number of HDD per SAS I/F 144
Number of DKB PCB 4

Data Transfer Rate (MB/s, Fibre
Channel)

Quantity 16 cores

1

128
96

RAID1: 2D+2D, 4D+4D
RAID5: 3D+1P, 7D+1P
RAID6: 6D+2P,14D+2 P

Hierarchical Star Net
Maximum Bandwidth:

Cache Path = 128 GB/s
Control Path = 64 GB/s

SAS/Dual Port

8UFC/16UFC
200/400/800

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

2–7

Item Specifications

MP configuration
Minimum/maximum

host I/O modules 2 min, 4 with drives, 8 with no

2

3

back-end I/O modules

drives max

0 or 2 / 4
Cache 2 / 8
Switches /CSW 2 / 4

Power requirements
(see Appendix A,

Specifications, in the

Single phase storage system
components.

Single or three phase PDU input.

60Hz : 200V to 240V

50Hz : 200V to 240V

Hitachi Unified Storage
VM Block Module
Hardware User Guide for

details)
Acoustic level Operating, Controller Chassis 60dB (24ºC or less), 62dB (32ºC)

Operating, DBS / DBX 54dB (24ºC or less), 60dB (32ºC)
Standby, Controller Chassis 60dB (24ºC or less), 62dB (32ºC)
Standby, DBS / DBX 54dB

Notes:

1. When 300 GB is mounted

2. All FED configuration, no BEDs (diskless system)

3. Zero BEDs in a diskless configuration, two BEDs min if drives are installed

Table 2-2 Drive Specifications

Drive Type Size (inches)

HDD (SAS)

n/a

Flash Module (MLC) 5-1/4 1.6 TB n/a

Four (two in upper half , two in lower half). Drives must be added four at a time to create RAID groups,
unless they are spare drives.

Maximum Number of Drives
Drive Type

(inches)
HDD, 3-1/2 DBX (dense) 48 1,152
HDD, 2-1/2 DBS 24 1.152
HDD, 3-1/2 DBL 12 1.152
FMD, 5-1/4 DBF 12 96
SSD, 2-1/2

Spare drives

4

3-1/2 3 TB 7,200
2-1/2 600 GB, 900 GB 10,000
SSD (Flash)

MLC SAS 2

Drive Box Max per drive box Max Per system

2

128

1

Drive Capacity Speed (RPM)

2-1/2 200 GB, 400 GB

Minimum Number of Drives

24 (DBS) or 48 (DBX)

128
64

3

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Drive Type Size (inches)

Notes.

1. the dense drive box uses only 3-1/2 in. drives. The DBL (LFF) drive box uses 3-1/2 in. drives. The
DBS (SFF) drive box uses 2-1/2 in. drives.. The DBF drive box uses only 5-1/4 in. flash module drives.

2. SSD drives can be mounted all in one drive box or spread out among all of the drive boxes in the
storage system.

3. Recommended maximum number.

4. Recommended number of spare drives: one spare drive per set of 32 HDDs and one per set of 32
SSDs.

1

Drive Capacity Speed (RPM)

File module storage system

The HUS VM file module (also called the Hitachi NAS system) consists of the
following hardware units.

• One or more servers which contain the control logic, processors,
memory, and interfaces to the HNAS data drives

• One or more system management units

All system components are mounted in either a standard Hitachi Data
Systems 19-inch, 42U rack, or a customer-supplied rack that meets the rack
specifications listed in the Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module
Hardware User Guide.

The following sections provide descriptions and illustrations of the HUS VM
block module storage system and its components.

File module server

The server includes the logical components, memory, fibre channel
interfaces, and Ethernet interfaces. The server contains dual mirrored data
drives to store file module system data, a battery pack that, in the event of
a power outage, preserves data that has not been written to disk for up to
72 hours, and fans to keep the server cool and operating efficiently.
Typically, the file module is placed in the middle or upper portion of a rack,
because fully populated drive boxes are significantly heavier than the
complete file module chassis.

The following illustration shows the front and rear views of the file module
server.

Hardware overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

2–9

Figure 2-6 File module server, front view

Item Description Item Description Item Description

NVRAM backup battery

1

NVRAM battery backup

4

pack status LED
Hot-swappable power

7

supplies
Serial port (RS-232)

10

Fan 1

2

5

8

11

Fan 1 status LED

Keyboard (purple) and
mouse (green) ports

Monitor port

3

6

9

Figure 2-7 File module server, rear view

Fan 2
Fan 2 status LED

USB ports

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Item Description Item Description Item Description

110GbE cluster

interconnect ports

4 10/100 Ethernet ports 5 1/2/4Gbps FC ports 6 NVRAM, power, and

7 Hot-swappable power

supplies

10 Serial port (RS-232) 11 Monitor port 12 Ethernet management

13 Ethernet management

port 1 (Eth1)

2 10GbE public (data)

network ports

8 Keyboard (purple) and

mouse (green) ports

3GE ports

server status LEDs, and
Power and Reset buttons

9USB ports

port 0 (Eth0)

System management unit

The system management unit (SMU) in the file module (HNAS) system is
equivalent to the service processor in the block module system. It provides
administration and monitoring tools, supports data migration and
replication, and acts as a quorum device in a cluster configuration. Although
integral to the system, the SMU does not move data between the network
client and the servers.

Note: The server includes an embedded SMU, which can manage a single
file module server. However, embedded SMUs are not active when an
external SMU is attached. All cluster configurations require an external
SMU.

Figure 2-8 System management server

Ite

m

1 Power supply 2 Mouse port 3 Keyboard port
4 USB ports (2) 5 Serial connection 6 Video connection
7 Eth0 port (public

Description Item Description

8 Eth1 port (private

network)

network)

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Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Ite

m

Description

2–11

Fibre channel (FC) switches

The HUS VM file module supports Fibre Channel switches that connect
servers to storage subsystems. Contact Hitachi Data Systems Support
Center for information about which Fibre Channel switches are supported.

External fast ethernet (10/100) or GigE switches

A standalone HUS VM file module can operate without an external Ethernet
switch, as long as it uses an internal SMU and there are less than three RAID
subsystems attached.

A standalone file module server requires an external Ethernet switch if there
are three or more RAID subsystems attached or if there are two RAID
subsystems attached and an external SMU is used. All cluster configurations
require an external Ethernet switch.

10 GbE (10 Gigabit Ethernet) switches (cluster configurations only)

The HUS VM file module server supports 10 GbE switches that connect
multiple storage servers configured as a cluster. Contact your Hitachi Data
Systems representative for information about the 10 GbE switches that
have been qualified for use with the file module system, and to find out
about the availability of those switches.

Currently, the only 10 GbE switch that has been qualified is the Brocade
T urboIron 24X, a standalone 10Gbps Managed Layer 2 Ethernet switch with
eight ports. It is available through Hitachi Data Systems. Hitachi Data
Systems requires dual 10 GbE switches for redundancy. If one switch fails,
the cluster nodes remain connected through the second switch.

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3

Software overview

This chapter provides a brief description of the software used in the Hitachi
Unified Storage VM storage system.

NOTE: The Hitachi Unified Storage VM storage system includes basic
software installed at the factory. Users can install additional software and
licenses as needed, or can ask their Hitachi Data Systems authorized
service partner to do it for them.

□ Block module software features and functions

□ File module storage system software features and functions

Software overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

3–1

Block module software features and functions

The Unified Storage VM storage system provides advanced software
features and functions that increase data accessibility and deliver
enterprise-wide coverage of online data copy/relocation, data access/
protection, and storage resource management. Hitachi Data Systems
software products and solutions provide a full set of industry-leading copy,
availability, resource management, and exchange software to support
business continuity, database backup and restore, application testing, and
data mining.

Virtualization

The following table describes the virtualization software that is available on
the Unified Storage VM storage system.

Table 3-1 Virtualization Features and Functions

Feature Description

Hitachi Virtual Partition
Manager

Hitachi Cache Residency
Manager

Provides logical partitioning of the cache which allows you to divide the
cache into multiple virtual cache memories to reduce I/O contention.

Supports the virtualization of external storage systems. Users can connect
other storage systems to the Unified Storage VM storage system and access
the data on the external storage system via virtual devices created on the
Unified Storage VM storage system. Functions such as T ru eCopy and Cache
Residency can be performed on external data through the virtual devices.

Performance Management

The following table describes the performance management software that
is available on the Unified Storage VM storage system.

Table 3-2 Performance Management Features and Functions

Feature Description

Hitachi Cache Residency
Manager

Hitachi Performance
Monitor

Cache Residency Manager locks and unlocks data into the cache to optimize
access to the most frequently used data. It makes data from specific logical
units resident in a cache, making all data accesses become cache hits. When
the function is applied to a logic unit, frequently accessed, throughput
increases because all reads become cache hits.

Performs detailed monitoring of the storage system and volume activity . This
is a short tem function and does not provide historical data

Provisioning

The following table describes the provisioning software that is available on
the Unified Storage VM storage system.

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Software overview

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Table 3-3 Provisioning Features and Functions for Open Systems

Feature Description

Dynamic Tiering Provides automated support for a multi-tiered Dynamic Provisioning pool.

The most accessed data within the pool is dynamically relocated onto the
faster tiers in the pool. Data that is most referenced has improved
performance due to the inclusion of fast storage such as SSD while
controlling the overall storage cost by incorporating lower costing storage
such as SATA.

Hitachi LUN Manager The LUN Manager feature configures the fibre-channel ports and devices

(logical units) for operational environments (for example, arbitrated-loop
and fabric topologies, host failover support).

Hitachi LUN Expansion The LUN Expansion feature expands the size of a logical unit (volume) to

which an open-system host computer accesses by combining multiple logical
units (volumes) internally.

Hitachi Dynamic
Provisioning software

Hitachi Virtual LVI Converts single volumes (logical v olume images or logical units) into multiple

Hitachi Data Retention
Utility

The Dynamic Provisioning feature virtualizes some or all of the system’s
physical storage. This simplifies administration and addition of storage,
eliminates application service interruptions, and reduces costs. It also
improves the capacity and efficiency of disk drives by assigning physical
capacity on demand at the time of the write command receipt without
assigning the physical capacity to logical units.

smaller volumes to improve data access performance.
Protects data in logical units / volumes / LDEVs from I/O operations illegally

performed by host systems. Users can assign an access attribute to each
volume to restrict read and/or write operations, preventing unauthorized
access to data.

Data Replication

The following table describes the Data Replication software that is av ailable
on the Unified Storage VM storage system.

Table 3-4 Data Replication Features and Functions

Feature Description

Hitachi TrueCopy® Remote
Replication software

Hitachi ShadowImage® In­System Replication software

Hitachi Copy-on-Write
Snapshot software and
Hitachi Thin Image (open
systems only)

Performs remote copy operations between storage systems at different
locations.

Creates internal copies of volumes for purposes such as application
testing and offline backup. Can be used in conjunction with True Copy or
Universal Replicator to maintain multiple copies of data at primary and
secondary sites.

Snapshot creates a virtual, point-in-time copy of a data volume. Since
only changed data blocks are stored in the Snapshot storage pool,
storage capacity is substantially less than the source volume. This
results in significant savings compared with full cloning methods. With
Copy-on-Write Snapshot, you create virtual copies of a data volume in
the Virtual Storage Platform. Thin Image can perform the cost-effective
duplication by storing only differential data between primary volumes
and secondary volumes of VVOLs.

Software overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

3–3

Feature Description

Hitachi Universal Replicator
software

This feature provides a RAID storage-based hardware solution for
disaster recovery which enables fast and accurate system recovery,
particularly for large amounts of data which span multiple volumes.
Using Universal Replicator, you can configure and manage highly reliable
data replication systems using journal volumes to reduce chances of
suspension of copy operations.

Security

The following table describes the security software that is available on the
Unified Storage VM storage system.

Table 3-5 Security Features and Functions

Feature Description

Encryption License Key This feature implements encryption for open-systems data using the

encrypting back-end I/O module. It includes enhanced key support up
to 32 separate encryption keys allows encryption to be used as access
control for multi-tenant environments. It also provides enhanced data
security for the AES-XTS mode of operations.

External Authentication and
Authorization

Role Based Access Control
(RBAC)

Resource Groups Resource Groups allow for additional granularit y and flexibilit y of the

Storage management users of Unified Storage VM systems can be
authenticated and authorized for storage management operations using
existing customer infrastructure such as Microsoft Active Directory,
LDAP, and RADIUS-based systems.

Provides greater granularity and access control for Unified Storage VM
storage administration. This new RBAC model separates storage,
security, and maintenance functions within the array. Storage
management users can receive their “role” assignments based on their
group memberships in external authorization sources such as Microsoft
Active Directory and LDAP. This RBAC model will also align with the
RBAC implementation in HCS 7.

management of storage resources.

System Maintenance

The following tables describes the system maintenance software that is
available on the Unified Storage VM storage system.

Table 3-6 System Maintenance Features and Functions

Feature Description

Audit Log Function The Audit Log function monitors all operations performed using Stor age

Navigator (and the SVP), generates a syslog, and outputs the syslog to
the Storage Navigator computer.

Hitachi SNMP Agent Provides support for SNMP monitoring and management. Includes

Hitachi specific MIBs and enables SNMP-based reporting on status and
alerts. SNMP agent on the SVP gathers usage and error information and
transfers the information to the SNMP manager on the host.

3–4

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Software overview

Host Server software

The following tables describes the Host Server software that is available on
the Unified Storage VM storage system.

Table 3-7 Host Server-based Features and Functions

Feature Description

Hitachi Command Control
Interface software

Dataset Replication Operates with the ShadowImage feature. Rewrites the OS management

On open-systems, performs various functions, including data replication
and data protection operations by issuing commands from the host to
the Hitachi Data Systems storage systems. The CCI software supports
scripting and provides failover and mutual hot standby functionality in
cooperation with host failover products.

information (VTOC, VVDS, and VT OCIX) and dataset name and creates
a user catalog for a ShadowImage target volume after a split operation.
Provides the prepare, volume divide, volume unify , and volume backup
functions to enable use of a ShadowImage target volume.

File module storage system software features and functions

This section describes the Unified Storage VM storage system file module
software.

Intelligent tiering

Intelligent tiering allows customers to build scalable and flexible storage
solutions that offer cost-effective performance with simplified and
consolidated storage management. Using the various tiers of storage
available, custome rs can keep data on line longer without relying
exclusively on tape technologies, minimizing the impact of backup,
replication, or disaster-recovery requirements as the strategy requires.
Intelligent tiering gives data a longer disk lifecycle if desired, which can
improve data access times for hosts and users.

Data migrator

Data migrator is an embedded feature of the Hitachi File System. All file
system functions (snapshots, replication, quotas, etc.) work seamlessly as
if the data were still on the original storage tier. Data integrity is also
maintained during the migration or recall. But the data appears as if it has
not moved at all. Users and applications see the data as if it still exists in
the original location. The Hitachi File System contains the metadata that
indicates where the data actually resides.

Cross-volume links

Cross-volume links (CVL) and external cross-volume links (XVL) are
complementary technologies that extend the reach of data migrator. A
cross-volume link is a zero-length file on a source file system (the primary
file system) which "points" at a corresponding file on a target file system
(the secondary file system). The pointer is stored in the onode of the

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Software overview

3–5

primary file. A flag in the onode is used to indicate it is a cross-volume link
rather than a regular file, and an extended onode contains the information
required to access the migrated file. All of the metadata required for
directory level operations (including owner, access mode and ACLs) are
maintained on the primary file system, so operations such as "ls -I" or
"chmod" do not require access to the secondary file system. Similarly, the
information needed for quota tracking is maintained on the primary file
system, so quotas reported will include migrated files on the secondary file
system as well.

Dynamic caching

Dynamic caching reserves space on a storage tier for caching of "hot" files
accessed through NFS. The space reserved is actually an entire file system
unto itself, and as such can be as large as any other file system in the
namespace. By definition, any file that is recently accessed may have a copy
also located in the dynamic cache. If the cache is created in a high­performance tier of storage, this copy guarantees that any hot files are
automatically on the highest performance disk tier, which may actually be
an SSD or a hybrid SDRAM/SSD tier. Having the cache prevents the need
for reverse data migration.

Cluster read caching

Cluster read caching is dynamic caching applied to a single server or to a
cluster of servers. If applied to a single server, the feature is called local
read caching. When used with a cluster of servers, each server maintains
its own dynamic cache, but is aware of the files accessed by all the other
servers in the cluster. Copies of hot files from anywhere in the cluster
therefore make their way to every cache on every server, which can result
in dramatic aggregate read performance improvements. This is because
every server can respond to any read request for a given set of hot files. In
this way, dynamic caching works with the data migrator to simultaneously
provide policy-based data movement in both the forward and reverse
senses.

Data relocation

The file module system allows you to relocate date in three ways:

• EVS migration is typically used for load balancing among servers or
cluster nodes, and vacating a server for scheduled maintenance. It
makes it possible to relocate a virtual server within a cluster, or to a
server outside of the cluster that shares access to the same storage
devices. EVS migration has minimal impact on network hosts and, once
it has completed, those hosts may access the data using the same path
names that were in use prior to the relocation.

• File system relocation: Any file system accessed via cluster
namespace can be relocated to another server within the cluster. File
system relocation has minimal impact on network hosts; once
completed the data is accessed using the same path names that were in
use prior to the relocation. File system relocation is typically used to load
balance within the unified namespace.

3–6

Software overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

• Data relocation: Data may be relocated from any given file system to
another using a mechanism referred to as transfer of primary access
(TPA). TPA makes it possible to reloca te individual directories as well as
entire file systems. TPA does, however, involve a small amount of
downtime, and data is no longer accessible using the same path names
that were in use prior to the relocation. TPA is generally used to better
organize file systems and/or directories within them.

Data Protection

The Hitachi File System also offers features for online data recovery, data
replication, mirroring, backup, disaster recovery, and complete system
monitoring.

Hitachi NAS solutions support high availability (HA) clustering of servers in
a 2-node active-active configuration or an n-way (more than 2 nodes)
cluster configuration. Clustered servers provide NVRAM mirroring for
enhanced data protection, automated file system failover, and higher levels
of performance as additional servers are added to the cluster.

In addition, the Hitachi File System provides additional mechanisms for data
protection. Three of the more important mechanisms are snapshots, data
replication, and data backup. Snapshots are generally described as point­in-time copies of the file system, and are a very convenient way to give end­users a way to "roll back" to a previous point in time to recover their own
data. There are several data replication options within the Hitachi NAS
system software; these may be described as either file, object or block­based, and synchronous or asynchronous.

High availability

The Hitachi File System high availability (HA) design is the con c ept of
enterprise virtual servers (EVS). Virtual servers are logical entities that
reside on a physical server, similar to operating system virtualization
techniques such as VMware, Microsoft Hyper-V, or Citrix X enServer. An EVS
does not have physical interfaces, but instead has virtual interfaces that
map to the physical interfaces of the server. As a result of the separation
between the physical and logical interfaces of the EVS and the physical
server, an EVS can be migrated from one physical server to another,
transparently. In a failover situation for an HA cluster, automated EVS
migration process takes place without system shutdown, and in most cases
occurs quickly enough that hosts using stateless protocols (such as NFSv3)
will not require unmounting and remounting of NFS exports.

Snapshots

Snapshots allow the storage administrator to capture a point-in-time image
of the file system and the point-in-time image is a read-only view of the file
system. Using point-in-time images (snapshots), the storage administrator
can:

• Allow end-users to retrieve files that have been deleted without
administrator intervention

Software overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

3–7

• Perform backups of the file system from a snapshot instead of using the
live file system

Snapshots are rule-based, with the flexibility to define when they are taken
based on business policies. Rules-based snapshots provide entity
management, a more useful configuration compared to simpler volume­based snapshot management. For example, hourly snapshot rules are
managed as one entity, daily or weekly rules are managed as a separate
entity, and monthly rules are managed as a 3rd separate entity. There is
also an implied hierarchy to snapshot rules: an hourly snapshot will not
overwrite a daily or weekly snapshot, etc. An hourly snapshot will overwrite
only another hourly snapshot, a daily or weekly snapshot will only overwrite
a snapshot taken because of a daily or weekly rule, etc.

Snapshots can be set up in four ways:

• Automatically, via a prescribed rule

• Manually, using the servers' GUI or CLI management interfaces

• Scripted, using a script, the storage administrator may automate the
beginning of the snapshot process, in a manner similar to the rules­based method described above

• Event based, using scripts and the remote scripting tool, the storage
administrator may automate the taking of a snapshot based on trigger
events generated by the server

Space efficient clones

File clones provide the ability to instantly create space-efficient, writeable
copies of single files. This is a key feature for virtualization, as it allows
VMware administrators to quickly deploy new virtual machines without
consuming additional disk space.

When a file clone is created, a hidden file-level and read-only snapshot is
created which preserves an image of the source file at that point in time.
This snapshot allows the source file and clone to share common data blocks.
If additional clones of the source file are created, new snapshots are created
if necessary.

The key benefits of file clones include:

• Space efficiency: File clones are initially created through the use of
pointers to blocks. No data is duplicated, and only new file writes are
saved to the file system.

• Speed: File clones are created in seconds, regardless of the size of the
file being cloned.

• Flexibility: File clones are created per file, allowing for a VMware virtual
machine focused view of file cloning.

Specific features of file clones include writable snapshots, clone of a clone
(or cascading clones), deep copy, and unlimited number of file clones.

3–8

Software overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Replication features

Replication is the process of storing data in redundant sources, as a method
to ensure data consistency , and to improve reliability and accessibility of the
entire system. Replication differs from backup in that replication aims to
have the data in two or more places at once (theoretically, identical copies
of the data in all locations at the same time), while backup aims to have two
or more copies of the data at different points in time. Despite these
differences, there are many common design components in replication and
backup, as both are designed with data movement in mind. The Hitachi File
System provides several robust mechanisms for data movement, many of
which are useful for replication scenarios.

• Accelerated data copy (ADC) is a file-based, asynchronous method of
data replication. ADC allows the storage administrator to define a policy ­based data migration, or a mass data migration to occur either among
or between servers.

• Incremental data replication (IDR) is an optional replication feature
of the Hitachi File System. Replication occurs at the file level, and only
includes files that have changed since the last scheduled replication.
Multiple schedules may be defined on a per-EVS basis with support for
pre- and post-scripting, enabling automated functions to occur prior to
and immediately after the IDR schedule.

•

Object replication

The Hitachi File System is object-based, which means core file system
structures and user data are stored as objects, rather than files or blocks.
Object replication takes advantage of this structure to replicate these blocks
natively , regardless of which file or directory that they may belong to, which
negates the need to assemble all of the objects associated with a file before
transfer, making the overall transfer more efficient.

The key benefits of object-based replication include:

• Replication performance - Full replication performance will generally
improve 2-3x depending on the structure of the file system. The gr eatest
performance improvements will be seen in the incremental replication,
especially for customers that have dense file systems (millions of small
files) or those that have a high rate of change in the file system.

• Improved disaster recovery - Object replication enables the ability to
quickly failover in the event of a disaster.

• Disaster recovery (DR) or backup - Customers using replication for
disaster recovery and business continuance will see major benefits from
object replication and the disaster recovery features that it enables.

• Dense file systems - file systems with millions of small files will realize
a major benefit for the time to start and complete incremental
replication. Even if the change rate is low, object replication will start
much faster due to the time difference required for change discovery,
and complete faster with its ability to fill the pipeline.

Software overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

3–9

Block replication and SyncDR

Depending on the disk technology being used, Hitachi NAS system software
also supports specific block-based replication options available at the
Hitachi storage controller level (synchronous or asynchronous). Dark fiber
connections between controller pairs are required for controller mirroring;
depending on class of hardware and features selected, replication distances
can range from 500m to 10km. Through the use of advanced fiber-optic
wavelength-division multiplexing technologies, this range can be
considerably extended to 100km or more.

Backup features

Backup services seek to achieve a copy of the data at a specific point in
time, usually for off-line preservation. As with replication, the Hitachi File
System leverages snapshots to allow the storage administrator to perform
backups while continuing to serve data to hosts with the live file system.

The Hitachi NAS server supports LAN-free backup of data using either Fibre
Channel or Ethernet networks and dedicated connections with dedicated
bandwidth. This separation allows the live file system to continue serving
data to hosts unimpeded by the backup operations.

3–10

Software overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

4

Setup and configuration overview

This chapter provides an ordered overview of the tasks that you and your
Hitachi Data Systems authorized service provider will need to complete to
plan and prepare the installation site, and to install and configure the
system.

This chapter does not contain the actual instructions to set up and configure
the site and the system. It includes pointers to the Unified Storage VM user
guides that provide the instructions for these tasks. Note that only Hitachi
Data Systems employees or authorized service providers are allowed to
install and configure the hardware.

□ Required setup tasks

□ Optional setup tasks

Setup and configuration overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

4–1

Required setup tasks

The following tables show ordered lists of the tasks that must be completed
to set up a Unified Storage VM storage system.

General task list

The following table provides a high-level list of installation and configuration
tasks. The tables following it provide more detailed task lists. See the
information following this table or the related user guides for detailed task
lists and instructions.

Task Block Module Manual File Module Manual

1. Prepare the site 1. Site preparation tasks on

page 4-3

2. Turn the storage system power on2. Startup tasks on page 4-4 • Hitachi Unified Storage File

3. Log in to the system 3. Basic system admin tasks on

page 4-4

4. Log in to the system Hitachi Unified Storage VM

Block Module Hitachi Storage
Navigator User Guide

5. Set up user accounts, enable

software licenses

6. Provision and configure the

system

7. Set up virtualization 5. Storage virtualization tasks

8. Set up replication 6. Data replication and disaster

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi Storage
Navigator User Guide

4. Provisioning and
configuration tasks on page 4-5

on page 4-6

recovery tasks on page 4-6

Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module System Installation
Guide (technical support only)

Module Hardware Reference

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module System Installation
Guide (technical support
only)

Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Hardware Reference

Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Storage Systems User
Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Storage Systems User
Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Storage Subsystem
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module File Services
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Storage Subsystem
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Network
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Replication and
Disaster Recovery
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Snapshot
Administration Guide

4–2

Setup and configuration overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Task Block Module Manual File Module Manual

9. Set up monitoring, logs, and
alerts

10. Tune system for performance Hitachi Unified Storage VM

11. Troubleshoot and maintain the
system

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM

Block Module Hitachi Audit
Log User Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi
Storage Navigator User
Guide

Block Module Performance
Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi
Storage Navigator
Messages

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hardware
User Guide

1. Site preparation tasks

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Storage Subsystem
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Server and Cluster
Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Server and Cluster
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Antivirus
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Storage Subsystem
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Server and Cluster
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Hardware Reference

Site preparation tasks Block Module File M odule

1. Review the entire installation
procedure before beginning
work.

2. Familiarize yourself with the
system hardware

3. Plan the hardware installation

4. Prepare the facility as needed
to meet the power and
environmental requirements.

5. Prepare the location where the
system will be installed

6. Assist service personnel as
needed to install the system.

7. Connect the system to a host
(block module only)

8. Connect the system to the
corporate network (file module
only)

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hardware User
Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module System Installation
Guide (technical support

only)

Setup and configuration overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

4–3

2. Startup tasks

Storage Management Task Block Module File Mod ule

1. V erify that power to the rack is
correct and turned on

2. Verify that all PDU breakers
and switches are ON.

3. Turn on system power

4. Verify that the ready LED is
ON.

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hardware User
Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Hardware Reference

3. Basic system admin tasks

Storage Management Task Block Module File Mod ule

1. Log in

2. Change admin password

3. Set up user accounts

4. Enable license keys

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi Storage
Navigator User Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module System Access
Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Storage System
User Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Server and Cluster
Administration Guide

4–4

Setup and configuration overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

4. Provisioning and configuration tasks

Storage Management Task Block Module File Module

Block Module

Provision the Unified Storage VM
system for use with open systems.

1. Verify that the system on which
you are installing the software
meets the minimum
requirements for the software
release.

2. Prepare the fibre-channel HBAs
for the installation.

3. Verify recognition of the new
devices.

4. Verify device files and the
driver.

5. Create open-systems volumes

6. Partition disk devices, create
file systems, and set device
parameters.

7. Create mount directories,
mount and verify the file
systems, and set and verify
auto-mount parameters.

8. Configure hosts and ports.

9. Define paths to volumes.

10. Assign access attribute to
volumes.

11. Implement dynamic allocation
of disk space on an as-needed
basis.

File Module

1. Perform basic system

configuration

2. Create system drives

3. Create storage pools

4. Create file systems

5. Create mount points (CIFS

shares or NFS exports)

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM

Block Module Provisioning
Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Hitachi System Operations
Using Spreadsheets

• n/a • Hitachi Unified Storage File

• n/a

Module System Installation
Guide (technical support

only)

• Hitachi Unified Storage File

Module Storage Subsystem
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module File Services
Administration Guide

Setup and configuration overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

4–5

5. Storage virtualization tasks

Storage Management Task Block Module File Mod ule

1. Connect external storage
systems to the HUS VM storage
system for storage
virtualization.

2. Set up virtual volumes.

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM

Block Module Hitachi
Universal Volume Manager
User Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Performance
Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Hitachi System Operations
Using Spreadsheets

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module File Services
Administration Guide

6. Data replication and disaster recovery tasks

Storage Management Task Block Module File Mod ule

Perform synchronous remote
replication and disaster recovery.

Perform asynchronous remote
replication and disaster recovery.

Perform local replication. Hitachi Unified Storage VM

Install Command Control Interface
(CCI).

Use CCI commands to perform
data replication.

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi
TrueCopy® User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi Universal
Replicator User Guide

Block Module Hitachi
ShadowImage® User Guide,
Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Thin Image User
Guide

Hitachi Command Control
Interface Installation and
Configuration Guide

Hitachi Command Control
Interface User and Reference
Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Replication and
Disaster Recovery
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Snapshot
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Replication and
Disaster Recovery
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Snapshot
Administration Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Replication and
Disaster Recovery
Administration Guide

n/a

n/a

Optional setup tasks

The following tables list the optional setup tasks that you can use to
customize your storage system.

4–6

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Setup and configuration overview

1. Provisioning and configuration

Storage Management Task Block Module File Module

Use SNMP-based reporting on
status and alerts for the storage
system

(Security) Delete data from
volumes to prevent it from being
restored

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi SNMP
Agent User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi Volume
Shredder User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Server and Cluster
Administration Guide

n/a

2. Performance monitoring and tuning tasks

Storage Management Task Block Module File Module

Monitor performance statistics of
disk drives, volumes, and other
storage components

Improve data access speed using
cache

Create and managing virtual cache
partitions

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Performance
Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File
Module Server and Cluster
Administration Guide

n/a

n/a

3. Troubleshooting and other tasks

Storage Management Task Block Module File Module

Review information about GUI
messages

Review the log of operations to
investigate causes of errors and
avoid potential errors

Review syntax of CCI commands Hitachi Command Control

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi Storage
Navigator Messages

Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Block Module Hitachi Audit Log
User Guide

Interface Command Reference

n/a

Hitachi NAS Platform
Troubleshooting Guide

(Technical Support only)
Hitachi NAS Platform Command

Line Reference (accessed
through HNAS Web Manager)

Setup and configuration overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

4–7

4–8

Setup and configuration overview

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

A

Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides

This section provides a list of all Hitachi Unified Storage VM user
documentation, by topic. The Hitachi Unified Storage VM system includes
both the block module and the file module systems.

□ Unified Storage VM user guides by topic

□ Unified Storage VM user guides by number

Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

A–1

Unified Storage VM user guides by topic

The following table provides a list of all Unified Storage VM user
documentation, by topic.

Type of manual

/ Topic

Introductory Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product

Hardware Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module

System
Configuration and
management

Storage
Management

Security Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module

Provisioning • Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block

Block Module Manual Name Fi le Module Manual Name

Overview Guide MK-92HM7003

Hardware User Guide MK-92HM7005
Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module

Hitachi Storage Navigator User Guide

MK-92HM7016

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block

Module Hitachi Storage Navigator
User Guide MK-92HM7016

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM Hitachi
System Operations Using
Spreadsheets MK-92HM7015

Hitachi Volume Shredder User Guide MK-

92HM7021

Module Provisioning Guide MK­92HM7012

Covers tiered storage, dynamic
provisioning, LUN manager, LUSE,
virtual LUN, and data retention.

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM Hitachi

System Operations Using
Spreadsheets MK-92HM7015

Included in Hitachi Unified Storage VM
Product Overview Guide MK-92HM7003

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
Hardware Reference MK-92USF001

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
System Installation Guide (technical

support only)

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module

Storage Subsystem Administration
Guide MK-92USF011

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
File Services Administration Guide

MK-92USF004

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module

Storage Subsystem Administration
Guide MK-92USF006

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
Server and Cluster Administration
Guide MK-92USF007

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
NDMP Backup Administration Guide

MK-92USF012

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
Antivirus Administration Guide MK-

92USF010

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module

Storage Subsystem Administration
Guide MK-92USF006

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
Server and Cluster Administration
Guide MK-92USF007

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
System Access Guide MK-92USF002

A–2

Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Type of manual

/ Topic

Block Module Manual Name Fi le Module Manual Name

Host
Configuration

Virtualization Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module

Replication • Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block

Command line
entry

Performance Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module

• Configuration Guide for IBM® AIX®
Host Attachment MK-96RD636

• Configuration Guide for HP-UX®
Host Attachment MK-96RD638

• Configuration Guide for Microsoft®
Windows® Host Attachment MK­96RD639

• Configuration Guide for Red Hat®
Linux® Host Attachment MK­96RD640

• Configuration Guide for SuSE®
Linux® Host Attachment MK­96RD650

• Configuration Guide for VMware™
ESX Server Host Attachment MK­98RD6716

• Configuration Guide for Citrix®
XenServer® Host Attachment MK­90RD6766

Hitachi Universal Volume Manager User
Guide MK-92HM7020

Module Hitachi ShadowImage® User
Guide MK-92HM7013

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block
Module Hitachi TrueCopy® User
Guide MK-92HM7018

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block
Module Hitachi Universal Replicator
User Guide MK-92HM7019

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block
Module Thin Image User Guide MK-

92HM7010

• Hitachi Command Control Interface
Command Reference MK-90RD7009

• Hitachi Command Control Interface
User and Reference Guide

MK-90RD7010

• Hitachi Command Control Interface
Installation and Configuration Guide

MK-90RD7011

Performance Guide MK-92HM7011

n/a

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module File
Services Administration Guide MK-

92USF7004

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
Network Administration Guide MK­92USF003

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module

Replication and Disaster Recovery
Administration Guide MK-92USF009

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
Snapshot Administration Guide MK-

92USF008

Hitachi NAS Platform Command Line
Reference (accessed through HNAS W eb

Manager)

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module

Server and Cluster Administration

MK-92USF7029

Guide

• Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
Storage Subsystem Administration
Guide MK-92USF7007

Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

A–3

Type of manual

/ Topic

Block Module Manual Name Fi le Module Manual Name

System
Maintenance

Backup
Operations

Troubleshooting • Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module
Hitachi SNMP Agent User Guide

MK-92HM7014

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module
Hitachi Audit Log User Guide

MK-92HM7009
n/a Hitachi Unified Storage File Module

Module Hitachi Storage Navigator
User Guide MK-92HM7016

• Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block
Module Hitachi Storage Navigator
Messages MK-92HM7017

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
Storage Subsystem Administration
Guide MK-92USF7006

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module
NDMP Backup Administration Guide MK-

92USF012

NDMP Backup Administration Guide

MK-92USF012

Hitachi NAS Platform Troubleshooting
Guide (technical support only)

Unified Storage VM user guides by number

This section contains lists of the block module and file module user guides
by part number.

Part

number

Block module user guides

MK­92HM7003

MK­92HM7005

MK­92HM7006

MK­92HM7007

MK­92HM7008

MK­92HM7009

MK­90RD7010

MK­90RD7011

MK­92HM7012

MK­92HM7013

MK­92HM7014

MK­92HM7015

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hardware User Guide

Hitachi Command Control Interface Command Reference

Hitachi Command Control Interface User and Reference Guide

Hitachi Command Control Interface Installation and Configuration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi Audit Log User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Thin Image User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Performance Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Provisioning Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi ShadowImage® User
Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi SNMP Agent User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Hitachi System Operations Using
Spreadsheets

A–4

Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Part

number

Block module user guides

MK­92HM7016

MK­92HM7017

MK­92HM7018

MK­92HM7019

MK­92HM7020

MK­92HM7021

Part

number

MK­92USF001

MK­92USF002

MK­92USF003

MK­92USF004

MK­92USF005

MK­92USF006

MK­92USF007

MK­92USF008

MK­92USF009

MK­92USF010

MK­92USF011

MK­92USF012

MK­92USF015

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi Storage Navigator User
Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi Storage Navigator
Messages

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi TrueCopy® User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi Universal Replicator
User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi Universal Volume
Manager User Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Block Module Hitachi Volume Shredder User
Guide

File module user guides

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Hardware Reference

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module System Access Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Network Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module File Services Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Data Migrator Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Storage Subsystem Administration
Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Server and Cluster Administration
Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Snapshot Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Replication and Disaster Recovery
Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Antivirus Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module Storage Systems User
Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage File Module NDMP Backup Administration Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage (HUS) File Module NAS Operating System SU

11.2 and SMU 11.2 Release Notes RN-92USF018

Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

A–5

A–6

Hitachi Unified Storage VM user guides

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Glossary

This glossary defines the special terms used in this document.

A

array

See disk array.

B

back-end I/O module

The hardware component that controls the transfer of data between the
drives and cache. A back-end I/O module feature consists of a pair of
boards. A back-end I/O module is also referred to as a disk adapter
(DKA).

C

CHA

See channel adapter.

controller chassis

The hardware assembly that contains the logic and processing
components of the Unified Storage VM storage system, including the
front-end directors, virtual storage directors, cache memory, switches,
and back-end directors. The Unified Stor age VM stor age system can be
configured with one or two control chassis.

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D

disk array

Disk array, or just array, is a complete storage system, including the
control and logic devices, drives, connecting cables, and racks.

drive box

The hardware component of the Unified Storage VM that houses disk
drives and/or flash drives.

dynamic provisioning

An approach to managing storage. Instead of “reserving” a fixed amount
of storage, it removes capacity from the available pool when data is
actually written to disk. Also called thin provisioning.

F

flash drive

A data drive that uses a solid-state memory device instead of a rotating
hard disk drive to store information.

free capacity

The amount of storage space (in bytes) that is available for use by the
host system(s).

H

host I/O module

The hardware component that processes channel commands from hosts
and manages host access to cache. A host I/O module is also referred
to as a channel adapter (CHA).

J

JRE

Java Runtime Environment

JVM

Java Virtual Machine

K

kVA

kilovolt-ampere

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L

LDEV

logical device

license key

A specific set of characters that unlocks an application and allows it to
be used.

logical device (LDEV)

An individual logical data volume (on multiple drives in a RAID
configuration) in the storage system. An LDEV may or may not contain
any data and may or may not be defined to any hosts. Each LDEV has a
unique identifier or “address” within the storage system composed of the
logical disk controller (LDKC) number, control unit (CU) number, and
LDEV number. The LDEV IDs within a storage system do not change. An
LDEV formatted for use by open-system hosts is called a logical unit
(LU).

logical volume

See volume.

LUN

logical unit number. Sometimes used in place of LU, logical unit.

LUSE

LUN Size Expansion

M

mirror

In Universal Replicator, each pair relationship in and between journal
groups is called a “mirror”. Each pair is assigned a mirror ID when it is
created. The mirror ID identifies individual pair relationships between
journal groups.

modify mode

The mode of operation of Storage Navigator that allows changes to the
storage system configuration. See also view mode.

P

pair

Two logical volumes in a replication relationship in which one volume
contains original data to be copied and the other volume contains the

A B C D F H J K L M P R S V

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copy of the original data. The copy operations can be synchronous or
asynchronous, and the pair volumes can be located in the same storage
system (in-system replication) or in different storage systems (remote
replication).

pair status

Indicates the condition of a copy pair. A pair must have a specific status
for specific operations. When an operation completes, the status of the
pair changes to the new status.

PDB

power distribution box

PDP

power distribution panel

PDU

power distribution unit

pool

A set of volumes that are reserved for storing Copy-on-Write Snapshot
data or Dynamic Provisioning write data.

R

RAID

redundant array of independent disks. A disk arra y in which part of the
physical storage space is used to store user data and parity information,
and another part is used to store a duplicate set of user data and parity
information. This redundant configuration prevents data loss in case a
disk drive within the RAID configuration fails, and enables regener ation
of user data in the event that one of the array's member disks or the
access path to it fails.

RAID group

A set of RAID disks that have the same capacity and are treated as one
group for data storage and recovery. A RAID group contains both user
data and parity information. This allows user data to be accessed in the
event that one or more of the drives within the RAID group are not
available. The RAID level of a RAID group determines the number of
data drives and parity drives and how the data is “striped” across the
drives. For RAID1, user data is duplicated within the RAID group, so
there is no parity data for RAID1 RAID groups.

A RAID group can also be called an array group or a parity group.

A B C D F H J K L M P R S V

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RAID level

The type of RAID implementation. RAID levels include RAID0, RAID1,
RAID2, RAID3, RAID4, RAID5 and RAID6.

S

SAS

serial-attached SCSI

SATA

serial Advanced Technology Attachment

service information message (SIM)

SIMs are generated by a storage system when it detects an error or
service requirement. SIMs are reported to hosts and displayed on
Storage Navigator.

service processor (SVP)

The computer in a VSP storage system that hosts the Storage Navigator
software and is used to configure and maintain the storage system.

SIM

service information message

SOM

system option mode

SSD

solid state drive. See flash drive.

SVP

See service processor (SVP).

system disk

The volume from which an open-systems host boots.

system option mode (SOM)

Additional operational parameters for the RAID storage systems that
enable the storage system to be tailored to unique customer operating
requirements. SOMs are set on the service processor.

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V

volume

A logical device (LDEV), or a set of concatenated LDEVs in the case of
LUSE, that has been defined to one or more hosts as a single data
storage unit (LU).

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basic configuration;configuration

2-2, 2-9

basic

capacity

cache 1-4
disk drive 1-4

configuration

maximum 1-3

minimum 1-3, 1-7
controller chassis 2-4, 2-9
controller, components 2-4, 2-9
features

hardware 1-3

software 3-2
specifications

drive 1-4, 2-8

general 2-7

Index

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Index–1

Index–2

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Hitachi Unified Storage VM Product Overview Guide

Hitachi Data Systems
Corporate Headquarters

2845 Lafayette Street
Santa Clara, California 95050-2639
U.S.A.

www.hds.com

Regional Contact Information
Americas

[phone]

[e-mail]

Europe, Middle East, and Africa

[phone]

[e-mail]

Asia Pacific

[phone]

[e-mail]

MK-92HM7003-04