Programming is fully compatible from the smallest PLC (MICRO-EH) to the biggest one (Big-H
series).
2 communication ports
2 communication ports can be used flexibly as programming, HMI communication and general
purpose port for bar code reader or intelligent sensors or scales.
(Note : MICRO-EH does not support the general purpose port.)
Easy programming
Hitachi provides two different programming software.
2) LADDER EDITOR for Windows : Easy ladder programming editor
(The both in one CD package)
High speed micro processor
EH-150 and MICRO-EH has a 32 bits RISC microprocessor called “Super H”.
Compact size
The compact PLC has more capabilities with high reliability, and saves more space and cost.
Open network
EH-150 series has Profibus DP master/slave modules and DeviceNet master/slave modules,
which will increase application range.
Flexible product line up
Digital I/O (normal / high density), analog I/O (V, I, PT100/1000), high speed counter, positioning,
several communication modules are available.
Solution for total automation system
Hitachi provides many options besides PLC as follows.
- Operator panel EH-HMI series
- Remote I/O system EH-RIO series
- Frequency inverters L/SJ100 and L300P/SJ300 series.
1
1. Introduction
What is a PLC?
“PLC” stands for Programmable Logic Controller. PLC is an industrial controller, which enables the
control of many devices and signals easily and flexibly. The PLC is “Programmable” by PC or hand
held programming unit. The PLC’s basically work in 3 steps : reading input data, calculating in the
CPU and writing outp ut dat a according to user program in the PLC.
Input
- Switches
- Sensors
- Encoders, etc.
PLC
CPU
Program
Calculating
OutputInput
Output
- V a lv es
- Relays
- Alarms, etc.
How it works?
The PLC has a CPU. The CPU executes (scans) a user program. When the CPU reaches the end of
the program, the CPU will return t o t he program top and execute again, this process is continuo us. In
every cycle, input data is read, and output data is writt en once each.
1 cycle
1 cycle
Program Scanning
Read Input dataWrite Output data
Input and output data is effective once in a scan.
This is called “
* Scan time (cycle time) depends on your program. (Normally 5 to 30ms.)
Refresh Processing
1 cycle
”.
2
Time
System processing
and Communication
Basic flow
Micro processor
Micro processor
Programming on PC
Download from PC to CPU
Programming software
required (see page 1)
Program
PLC
CPU module
The program is stored in
FLASH memory of CPU
Program
FLASH memory keeps the
program after power OFF.
Start the PLC by PC or
RUN switch on the PLC
PLC starts operation according to the user program.
CPU module
FLASH memory
Program memory (SRAM)
Data memory (SRAM)
Retentive Data memory
(SRAM)
RUN
CPU module
FLASH memory
ç ç ç
è è è
Program memory (SRAM)
Data memory (SRAM)
Retentive Data memory
(SRAM)
Input
Output
3
2. Hitachi PLC
LED indication
LED indication
è RUN
System design
Hitachi has a compact type PLC “MICRO-EH” and modular type PLC “EH-150”.
nMICRO-EH
RUN/STOP
switch
Potentiometer
× 2
Communication
Port 1
(RS-232C)
n
EH-150
Power supply module
CPU module
Input terminal
Communication port 2
(RS-422/485)
Expansion
connector
Output terminal
Expansion connector
Battery
I/O modules
RUN LED
Error LED
Reset button
é
RUN/STOP switch
Communication port 1 (RS-232C/422*/485*)
Before going into the Hitachi PLC details, it is important to understand the numbering system of the
PLC. Electric devices like PLC’s can handle only digital data. The minimum unit of digital data is a
“bit”. 1 bit has two states, 0 or 1.
4 bits can give us 16 different values because of 24 as below left.
4 bits
16 values
Since 4 bits of data is not easy to handle, the data is translated to hexadecimal code 0 to F as above
right. One hexadecimal code (= 4 bits) can express 16 different values.
4 hexadecimal codes have 65,535 values (= 164). This unit (4 hexadecimal codes = 16 bits) is called
as “Word”. Normally Hitachi PLC handles binary data and word data.
This is a comparison table of one “Word” in binary, decimal and hexadecimal expressions.
Double Word consists of 2 Words, and 1 Word consists of 16 bits as below.
Double Word
Word (16 bits)
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Double Word (32 bits)
Example : WR 0 = H’1234, WR 1 = H’5678 è DR 0 = H’5678 1234
WR 1 WR 0
n
External I/O
External I/Os (X, Y, WX, WY, etc.) are direct addresses for each digital input/output module or analog
input/output module. Please note bit I/Os X and Y are decimal expression.
(WX/WY can be used as access command or data for high function modules like the counter
module.)
DX 1
WX 0
WX 1
WX 2
B
i
t
0
X
X1X
0
2
X13X14X15X
16
DX 0
X17X
18
X29X30X31X
32
X33X
34
X45X46X
47
DX 2
6
n
Internal I/O
Internal I/O (R, WR, M, WM, etc.) means data memory. This data memory area can be read or
written freely for flags, parameters, set point values or calculation depending on your program.
[ R, WR ]
Note : “R” and “WR/DR” are physically separated memory areas.
(TD : up to 256 points, 0.01s base TD : up to 64 points.)
TD : 65,535 with 0.01, 0.1 or 1 sec. time base
CU : 65,535 times
17,408 w.
(WR0 – 43FF)
22,528 w.
(WR0 – 57FF)
50,176 w.
(WR0 – C3FF)
(see below)
(see below)
Special internal registers R, WR
The special internal registers are some flags, diagnostic information and parameter setting area to operate
the PLC easily and flexibly. The following list is a part of this area and error code in WRF000.
AddressDescriptionSet byReset byError code in WRF000
R7E3ON while the first scanCPU
R7E4Always ONCPUCPUH33memory size error
R7E50.02s clock (0.01s ON, 0.01s OFF)CPUCPUH34program (syntax) error
R7E60.1s clock (0.05s ON, 0.05s OFF)CPUCPUH41I/O configuration error
R7E71s clock (0.5s ON, 0.5s OFF)CPUCPU
R7ECClear error codeuserCPU
WRF000Error code (See right table.)CPUuser
WRF00B – 00FCalendarCPUWRF010 – 012Scan time (max. / current / min.)CPUCPUH71Battery low
WRF01B – 01FCalendar to read/writeuseruser
WRF050ROM versionCPUCPU
WRF051FLASH ROM versionCPUCPU
10
CPU
H13micro processor error
scan time error
H44
(normal scan)
scan time error
H45
(periodic scan)
4. Setting up
Baud rate for PLC
n
MICRO-EH
Configure baud rate for communication port 1 and 2. For normal use, set the dip switch 1 ON. The
port 1 will then be available for programming with 19.2kbps.
Configure baud rate for communication port 1 and 2. For normal use, set the dip switch 1, 3, 5 all
ON, and the toggle switch ON. Both ports will then be available for programming with 19.2kbps.
CPU module
Toggle switch
Dip switch
Dip switch 1, 3, 5 : ON
Toggle switch : ON
Dip switch and toggle switch configuration
RemoteSW 1 : ONRUN/STOP
Mode
Port 1
Port 2Dedicated port
SW1-6 = Dip switch, SW T = Toggle switch
RUN switchSW 1 : OFF
Dedicated port
(Programming / HMI)
General purpose portSW 5 : OFF
(Programming / HMI)
SW 5 : ON
ON
OFF
8
7
6
5
ONOFF
4
3
2
1
4,800 bpsSW 3, 4 : ON, ON
9,600 bpsSW 3, 4 : OFF, ON
19,200 bpsSW 3, 4 : ON, OFF
38,400 bpsSW 3, 4 : OFF, OFF
Modem modeSW 2 : ON
Normal modeSW 2 : OFF
4,800 bpsSW 6, T : OFF, OFF
9,600 bpsSW 6, T : ON, OFF
19,200 bpsSW 6, T : OFF, ON
38,400 bpsSW 6, T : ON, ON
Baud rate for PC (Programming software)
The baud rate setting procedure depends on the programming software.
Pro-HRight mouse click on “Resource” - [Setting] – [Communication]
Ladder Editor for Win.[Utility] – [Environment] – [Communication]
12
5. Configuration
The user program is up/downloaded from/to the PLC as described above.
Besides the user program, several other pieces of important information are up/downloaded from/to
the PLC together with user program. Ensure the following settings are configured correctly.
The “I/O configuration” and “Memory size” in the PC program must be same as the actual I/O
configuration and memory size in the PLC.
PC
User program
ØI/O configurationØMemory sizeØ Operation parameters
Ø Retentive area, etc.
PLC
I/O configurationMemory size
I/O configuration
nMICRO-EH
The I/O configuration of MICRO-EH is fixed for each model. This table can be read out from the PLC
when on-line.
I/O configuration of 10,14 and 28
points module is fixed (X48, Y32).
28 points
Expansion module
Unit 0
Slot 0X48
Slot 1Y32
Slot 2
Slot 3
Slot 4
Unit 1
B1/1
28 points
13
14 points exp.
n
EH-150
Since the module configuration of EH-150 depends on the user, the I/O configuration table (module
configuration table) must be declared in the PC. This table can be read out from PLC when on-line.
Note : The assignment of a 12 point relay module is “Y16”.
Note : Each module has its own I/O assignment. Please refer to the application manual for further
information.
Note : If the downloaded I/O configuration table does not accord with the actual I/O configuration, the
PLC will not start. However the programming software has a special option setting, which
allows the PLC to work with the wrong I/O configuration.
EH-AX8V
EH-YR12
EH-YTP16
EH-AY4V
Memory size
Configure memory size in programming software accordingly. The memory size can be read out from
PLC when on-line as well as the I/O configuration.
MICRO-EHall models3 k step (4 k step*)
EH-CPU1044 k step
EH-CPU2088 k step
EH-150
*Note : Actual memory size of MICRO-EH is 3 k step however, the configuration on PC should be 4 k step.
On programming software
This setting is configured in the following way depending on programming software.
I/O configuration
Pro-HDouble click on “Resource configuration”- [I/O Configuration]
Ladder Editor for Win.[Utility] - [CPU setting] - [I/O assignment]
Memory size
Pro-HDouble click on “Resource configuration” - [Memory Allocation]
Ladder Editor for Win.[Utility] - [CPU setting] - [CPU information]
EH-CPU3088 k step
EH-CPU31616 k step
EH-CPU44848 k step
14
Operation parameters
Retentive area
Several optional parameters are available. Configure if necessary.
Operation parametersDefaultEnable
RUN inputDisableSet the address
Max. scan time100 msSet the time
Operation mode in wrong I/O configurationSTOPRUN
Operation mode in expansion unit errorSTOPRUN
Operation mode in remote unit errorSTOPRUN
LINK area rangeDisableSet the range
etc.
If the “Operation mode in wrong I/O configuration” is enabled, CPU can work without actual I/O
modules, which is useful for debugging or testing.
On programming software
Pro-HDouble click on “Resource configuration”- [Operation parameters]
Ladder Editor for Win.[Utility] - [CPU setting] - [Operation parameters]
Retentive area
Internal memory R, WR, WM, TD can be configured as “Retentive area”, which will be kept by a
battery after power off. The battery keeps data not only in the retentive area, but also the real time
clock. User program is kept in FLASH memory, which does not require battery back up.
PLC
Battery
Data in
Real time clock
On programming software
Pro-HDouble click on “Resource configuration”- [Memory allocation]
Ladder Editor for Win.[Utility] - [CPU setting] - [CPU information]
FLASH memory
Normal data
User program
Lost after power off
15
6. Wiring
-+-
+
-++
-
0
1
892310114
5121367
1415C
S
+
-
-
+
-
Wiring diagram for some modules are shown below. Implement wiring based on these drawings for
other MICRO-EH also. Each I/O module for EH-150 has a wiring label at the terminal block.
Note : All DC inputs can be connected as either positive or negative logic.
MICRO-EH [EH-D10DTP]EH-150 [EH-YTP16]
RUN
NC0123C045
RUN input
24V
0V
GND
0123C0V0
MICRO-EH [EH-A23DRP]
24V1
34
DC input
Transistor output
6C1
810
Connect jumper
in current mode
12IN1+
IN2-
CH 0 / CH 1
V / V : WRF06E = H0000
V / I : WRF06E = H4000
I / V : WRF06E = H8000
I / I : WRF06E = HC000
IN2JP
00V
C02
75
9C2
IN1-11
IN1JP
IN2+
DC inputAnalog input
Transistor
AC0
GNDAC
output
V02
1C0
45
C13
Relay outputAnalog output
67
C3C2
8C5
9C4
IOVO
VCIC
16
7. Programming
A Contact / Coil
B Contact / Coil
Contact
Coil
S
R
One of the most popular and basic programming language is “ladder” (LD), however SFC or FBD is
becoming very popular. In this chapter, LD is introduced for easy understanding.
The simplest LD circuit consists of one contact and one coil as below.
(=Input)(=Output)
SwitchLight
In this picture, while the switch is ON, the light is ON.
This LD circuit is almost the same meaning as the above picture. The “contact” is condition for the coil
to be ON, and the “coil” is the result.
Basically input “X” is used for the contact, and output “Y” is used for the coil. The internal I/Os “R”, “M”
can be used for both cases depending on your program. (Y can work as a contact.)
Hitachi PLC handles the following I/O types.
A contact
(Normally open)
B contact
(Normally close)
Edge detection
(Low è High)
Edge detection
(High è Low)