Hirschmann QPE 8600 Operating Manual
Version: 1.0
Print: October 2000
BH_8600E
QPE 8600
Operating manual
QPSK-receiver
Contents
Introduction 1-1
General notes....................................1-2
Technical modifications ...........................................1-2
Copyright .....................................................1-2
Explanation of warning and note symbols ................1-2
Safety notes .....................................1-3
Introduction to digital TV broadcasting technology..........1-4
General ......................................................1-4
Definitions ....................................................1-6
Putting into operation 2-1
Description ......................................2-2
General ......................................................2-2
Design .......................................................2-2
Power supply ..................................................2-3
Control .......................................................2-3
Monitoring ....................................................2-3
SAT receiver ..................................................2-4
Clock recovery .................................................2-5
Data processing................................................2-5
Block diagram..................................................2-6
Interfaces and operating elements .....................2-7
Front panel....................................................2-7
Rear panel ....................................................2-8
Start-up........................................2-10
Procedure....................................................2-10
Contents
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0 - 2 QPSK-receiver
Menu operation 3-1
Menu tree.......................................3-2
Menu operation...................................3-4
Operation .....................................................3-4
Change settings ................................................3-4
Alarm and warning messages ......................................3-5
Password protection .............................................3-5
Configuration ..................................................3-6
Status display / history / operation log ................................3-6
Preset / Reset .................................................3-7
Network ......................................................3-7
Display.......................................................3-9
Date/Time / Temperature / Supply voltage .............................3-9
PIN-Code .....................................................3-9
Maintenance 4-1
Important notes...................................4-2
Functional check..................................4-3
Procedure ....................................................4-3
Nominal operation state ..........................................4-3
Help with problems ................................4-4
Change ........................................4-5
Changing the mains fuse..........................................4-5
Changing the battery.............................................4-5
Software update ..................................4-7
Handling........................................4-7
Storage ......................................................4-7
Transport .....................................................4-7
Disposal ......................................................4-7
Contents
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QPSK-receiver 0 - 3
Order information .................................4-8
Service centers...................................4-9
Changes 5-1
Appendix 6-1
General data ....................................6-2
Technical data ...................................6-2
Error messages ..................................6-5
Contents
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General notes
NOTE: Keep this manual handy at all time.
Technical modifications
Changes of information contained in this manual reserved..
Copyright
This manual contains information protected by copyright. All rights reserved. No part of
this manual may be phototcopied, otherwise reproduced or translated into another
language without the prior written consent of Hirschmann.
Explanation of warning and note symbols
WARNING: Indicates that ignorance or neglicence of the recommended
cautionary measures may lead to personal injuries or
device damage.
ATTENTION: Indicates that ignorance or neglicence of the recommended
cautionary measures may lead to device damage.
NOTE: Useful tips and information on practical application.
Introduction
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1 - 2 QPSK-receiver
Safety notes
WARNING: Improper use of electrical devices may result in electrical shocks!
ATTENTION: The device must be connected only to grounded mains!
ATTENTION: The mains cable must not be exposed to mechanical stress!
ATTENTION: The mains cable must be disconnected from the device, if:
- the cable or the plug was damaged
- a liquid was spilled onto the device
- the cabinet was damaged
Introduction
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QPSK-receiver 1 - 3
Introduction to digital TV broadcasting technology
General
Objective With the help of data reduction by means of minimizing redundant moving picture in-
formation as well as flexible organisation of the signal quality, transmission capacity
shall be increased.
Realization First data with regard to picture and sound are reduced. Out of the condensed data
streams a multiplex data stream is composed together with additional information (e.g.
teletext).
The necessary methods for that are defined in the MPEG-2 standard. For the additional information only the syntactic frame is defined here. Which kind of data and in
which form data are to be integrated into the multiplex data stream is layed down by
the European DVP-project.
For decoding a high transmission quality and an approximative zero bit error rate must
be guaranteed. For digital modulation methods QPSK and QAM channel coding is
used. By that a certain amount of bit errors can be corrected on the receiver side.
The corresponding procedures for coding and transmission are defined by the European DVP-project.
MPEG-2 The MPEG-2 standard (ISO/IEC 13818) set up by the MPEG standardization commit-
tee regulates the coding of moving pictures and the accompanying sound.
DVB In addition to the transmission procedures defined by the MPEG-2, the European
DVB-project (Digital Video Broadcasting) has layed down a number of definitions
which were forwarded to the organisations ETSI / CENELEC for standardization.
MPEG-decoding For decoding the MPEG data stream several steps are necessary.
For that different elements out of the data stream are used.
Transport stream
synchronization
The transport stream packet consists of the different substream data packets. The
data packets are transmitted with a length of 188 bytes. At the beginning of each packet is the sync-byte (0x47). Because this value is not only reserved for the sync-byte,
the repetitive occurrence of the sync-byte every 188 bytes has to be checked too to
ensure stable synchronization.
Packet identifying To identify the individual packets there is a Packet Identity (PID) contained at the be-
ginning of each packet (after the sync-byte). Each substream (e.g. video, audio) gets
its own PID. Some PIDs are assigned automatically and cannot be changed (e.g.:
PAT, CAT , .. siehe table 1)
Introduction
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1 - 4 QPSK-receiver
Structure of the transport
stream
Normally a transport stream contains several programs. Each of this program contains
again a number of different substreams (elementary streams).
PID filtering for the
QPE 8600
The MPEG packets which match the adjusted PID, are filtered out. Of these
TS-packets specific bytes are selected (start byte and stop byte) and written into a
FIFO. The read out data are converted into a serial data stream. The most significant
bit “MSB first” is transmitted. Moreover, each bit of the datastream can be inverted.
The ETI signal data stream is assigned the line code HDB3 acc. to the G 703 standard.
Introduction
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QPSK-receiver 1 - 5
Definitions
BER Bit Error Rate: The BER is measured after the Viterbi decoder. The BER shows the
ratio between the correctly received bits and the faulty bits. For correct processing of
moving pictures the BER should not exceed a value of 1x10-5. (BER 1x10-5:in100
000 bits there is one error)
C/N Carrier to Noise: Carrier to noise of the input signal. For digital signals this value inclu-
des the thermic noise and other distortions of the signal (e.g. intermodulation, phase-jitter, ...). Therefore it is very difficult to measure this value, it is calculated back
from necessary correction expense.
In order to enable correct moving picture processing the C/N-ratio should be so, that in
connection with the code rate of the input signal a BER smaller than 1x10
-5
can be
reached.
Code rate Corresponding to the selected transmission path encoding is applied to ensure correct
transmission of the data signal (Forward Error Correction (FEC), used codes are Viterbi and Reed Solomon). The code rate corresponds to the ratio between useful data
and the total amount of data. The more additional data are transmitted, the better the
original useful signal can be restored in case of a transmission failure.
DVB Digital Video Broadcast: For digital broadcasting of TV-signals additional standards for
transmitting MPEG-signals were defined.
ETI Ensemble Transport Interface - transport interface of the data ensemble:
Interface (2.048 Mbit/s, G.703) between the ensemble provider and the transmitter network for sending a complete DAB ensemble to every transmitter.
GPS Global Position System
The GPS is a satellite based navigation system, which serves the purpose of determining one´s position and navigating. It delivers an extremely precise time reference
(UTC ... univerals time, coordinated).
G.703 The ITU-T G.703 standard “Physical/Electrical Characteristics of Hierarchical Digital In-
terfaces” defines the electrical and physical properties of the interface. Für the
ETI-interface the definitions of the datarate 2.048 Mbit/s are valid.
Introduction
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MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group: A standardization committee, whose task is the enco-
ding of moving pictures and sound information, developed the basic standards for data
reduction. ( MPEG-1... MPEG-4 )
Multiplex Several Packetized Elementary Streams (PES) are multiplexed into a transportstream
(acc. to time-multiplex for MPEG2/Packetgeneration). A single PES contains the video,
audio and data-information about one program. The length of the transmitted packets
are 188 respectively 204 bytes. In order to be able to reassign the individual packets
on the receiver side, the packets are provided with a program identification.
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
QPSK is a digital modulation method, with which four phase states are distinguished at
intervals of 90o. Thus two bits can be transmitted in a single period.
SFN Single Frequency Network
In single frequency networks transmitters are synchronized with transmitter frequency
and phase (symbol). This transmission technique guarantees high frequency economy,
as a single frequency can be used in a large transmission area.
Symbol rate Data rate of the applied digital signal on the input. For correct decoding the respective
data rate is to be set on the receiver.
TS identifier Transport Stream identification: Each MPEG-transport stream has a unique descriptor.
This descriptor identifies a transport stream independently of transmission path resp.
frequency.
Introduction
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Description
General
The QPSK-receiver QPE 8600 generates a MPEG-TS data stream from a QPSK modulated DVB-S signal in the frequency range 950-2150 MHz.
The TS packets with the ETI-signal data are filtered and processed as an ETI-signal
(acc. to G.703 with HDB3 line coding).
Design
View
The QPSK-receiver is built as a 19" slide-in module with 1 HU height. The front-panel
contains:
l
the display
l
the LED’s
l
the operating elements
l
the SAT-IF-monitoring output
l
the ETI-monitoring output
The rear panel contains:
l
the mains connection
l
1.SAT-IF input
l
10 MHz reference frequency input
l
ETI-outputs
l
RS232-interface
l
10 Mbit/s Ethernet interface
l
Remote monitoring interface “ALARMS”
Cooling The QPSK-receiver is cooled by convection.
Putting into operation
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QPSK-receiver
Power supply
The QPSK-receiver can be operated with the following mains voltage:
l
115 VAC
l
230 VAC
ATTENTION: Before operation make sure that the mains voltage complies
with the supply voltage indicated on the device.
The mains fuse is located beside the mains socket. The QPSK-receiver does not have
a mains switch. To disconnect the QPSK-receiver from the mains, the mains plug must
be pulled out of the device.
Control
General For controlling there are the following possibilities:
l
Keypad and display on the QPES-reciever (see chapter ”Menu operation”)
l
10Mbit/s Ethernet-interface (Software option “Network Access Control”)
l
RS 232 Interface for stand-alone devices (Software option “Network Access Control”)
Remote control in a
network
(software option)
The QPSK-reciever can be remote controlled via the Ethernet- resp. RS232-interface.
A standard WWW-browser with TCP/IP protocol (e.g. Internet Explorer) is to be used.
The remote control can be disabled on the QPSK-reciever.
Monitoring
General For monitoring there are the following possibilities:
l
keypad and display
l
LED’s ” f ” and ”OUT” (see interfaces and operating elements)
l
Monitoring output ”SAT IF m ”, monitoring output ”ETI OUT m ”
l
10 Mbit/s Ethernet-interface (Software option “Network Access Control”)
l
RS 232 Interface for stand-alone (Software option “Network Access Control”)
l
Remote monitoring interface ”ALARMS”
l
History / operation log(see menu operation)
l
Status display (see menu operation)
Remote monitoring interface ”ALARMS”
On the remote monitoring interface ”ALARMS” the status messages ”ALARM” and
”WARNING” are signalled via two floating double-throw contacts.
At the floating double-throw contacts external error indicators ( e.g. siren, lamp) can be
connected. The pin assignment is shown in chapter ”Interfaces and operating elements”.
Putting into operation
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QPSK-receiver 2 - 3
SAT receiver
Input frequency menu
“Input frequency"
”Input level"
“Frequency offset”
“Tuner status”
The input frequency can be adjusted in a range of 950 ... 2150 MHz in steps of 125
kHz-steps. The current signal strength as well as the frequency offset of the input signal can be queried.
The displayed frequency offset is defined as follows: offset = received frequency - set
frequency. The software is tracking the frequency until the tuner is locked (tuner status). The current status (locked/unlocked) can be queried. For monitoring the parameters (input level, frequency offset and tuner status) a warning- and an alarm threshold
can be defined.
Symbol rate
Menu “Input symbol rate”
The symbol rate of the input signal is to be adjusted acc. to the input signal. It can be
set in a range from 1 ... 45 MSym/s (Device-status G2;
4 ... 45 MSym/s for device-status G1) in steps of 0.1kSym/s. (Device-status see chapter “Menu operation/Miscellaneous/Module info”)
Code rate input signal
Menu “Input coderate”
The code rate of the input signal can be queried.
Carrier to noise
Menu “Input C/N”
The C/N ratio of the input signal is measured and can be queried. A warning- or an
alarm threshold can be defined.
Bit Error Rate
Menu “Input BER after V.”
The BER of the MPEG signal can be queried after the Viterbi decoding. A warning- or
an alarm threshold can be defined.
LNC remote supply
voltage Menu “LNC supply”
The LNC remote supply voltage is used for the direction of the polarity and must be
defined with +13V (vertical) or +18V (horizontal).
LNC control
Menu “LNC 22kHz”
The LNC 22kHz control can be switched on and off. The 22kHz control signal is used
for the selection of the receiving frequency band.
Putting into operation
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2 - 4 QPSK-receiver
Clock recovery
Menu
“PLL source”
“PLL status”
“Reference frequency”
The clock of 2,048 Mbit/s of the serial digital data stream can be generated in two different ways:
- locking to the input data stream
- locking to the external 10 MHz reference input (with SFN networks the data rate of
the ETI signal of the DAB-Multiplexer is locked to the GPS. The quartz oscillator is locked to the 10 MHz reference frequency of the GPS receiver.) The present PLL-status
(locked / not locked) can be queried.
If the reference frequency 10 MHz is present or not is also indicated.
For monitoring of the PLL status and reference frequency a warning and an alarm
threshold can be defined.
Data processing
Menu
“PID”
“Protocol”
“FIFO status”
From the generated MPEG-TS data stream MPEG packets are written to the memory
bank of the signal processor, which have been preselected via the PID-code set via
the software (PID-filtering). Moreover, a protocol type must be defined e.g.
SA/NDS/Philips or Comstream (Comstream works with device state G2 and above).
The Comstream protocol is oriented towards constant runtime. (accuracy ± 10 µs). The
filling state of the FIFO can be queried. For the filling status a warning and an alarm
threshold can be defined for monitoring this parameter.
Putting into operation
QPE 8600
QPSK-receiver 2 - 5
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