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Installation PTN-4-DSL-LW Technical support
Release 01 02/2018 https://hirschmann-support.belden.com
User Manual
Installation
Dragon PTN Interface Module
PTN-4-DSL-LW
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The naming of copyrighted trademarks in this manual, even when not specially indicated, should not
be taken to mean that these names may be considered as free in the sense of the trademark and
tradename protection law and hence that they may be freely used by anyone.
© 2018 Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH
Manuals and software are protected by copyright. All rights reserved. The copying, reproduction,
translation, conversion into any electronic medium or machine scannable form is not permitted,
either in whole or in part. An exception is the preparation of a backup copy of the software for your
own use.
The performance features described here are binding only if they have been expressly agreed when
the contract was made. This document was produced by Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH
according to the best of the company's knowledge. Hirschmann reserves the right to change the
contents of this document without prior notice. Hirschmann can give no guarantee in respect of the
correctness or accuracy of the information in this document.
Hirschmann can accept no responsibility for damages, resulting from the use of the network
components or the associated operating software. In addition, we refer to the conditions of use
specified in the license contract.
You can get the latest version of this manual on the Internet at the Hirschmann product site
(www.hirschmann.com).
Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH
Stuttgarter Str. 45-51
72654 Neckartenzlingen
Germany
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Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 5
1.1 General ............................................................................................... 5
1.2 Manual References ............................................................................. 6
2. MODULE DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................. 7
2.1 Front Panel ......................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Handle ........................................................................................................ 7
2.1.2 LEDs ............................................................................................................ 7
2.1.3 SHDSL RJ-45 Ports and Cables ................................................................... 8
2.2 Functional Operation .......................................................................... 9
2.2.1 Device Mode: CO/CPE ............................................................................... 9
2.2.2 SHDSL Link Bring Up ................................................................................. 10
2.2.3 PAF or Bonding ........................................................................................ 10
2.2.4 Ethernet Service ...................................................................................... 11
2.2.5 SHDSL Bandwidth and Distances ............................................................. 12
2.2.6 I/O with the Central Switching Module (=CSM) ...................................... 12
2.2.7 Synchronization / Clock Distribution / Network Timing .......................... 13
2.2.8 Ethernet First Mile – Copper (=EFM-C) (currently not supported) ......... 13
2.2.9 Wetting Current (currently not supported) ............................................ 13
2.2.10 Loopback Selftests ................................................................................... 14
2.3 Onboard Interfaces ........................................................................... 14
2.3.1 Straps ....................................................................................................... 14
2.3.2 DIP Switches ............................................................................................ 14
3. MODULE SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................ 16
3.1 General Specifications ....................................................................... 16
3.2 Other Specificiations ......................................................................... 16
3.3 Ordering Information ........................................................................ 16
4. ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................... 16
List of figures
Figure 1 General SHDSL Example .................................................................................................. 6
Figure 2 Front Panel ...................................................................................................................... 7
Figure 3 SHDSL RJ-45 Connector ................................................................................................... 8
Figure 4 Detailed Functional Setup ............................................................................................... 9
Figure 5 Basic PAM Encoding ...................................................................................................... 12
Figure 6 4-DSL-LW: Side View ...................................................................................................... 14
Figure 7 Hardware Edition ........................................................................................................... 15
Figure 8 Device Mode Configuration ........................................................................................... 15
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List of Tables
Table 1 Manual References ........................................................................................................... 6
Table 2 LED Indications In Boot Operation ................................................................................... 8
Table 3 LED Indications In Normal Operation ............................................................................... 8
Table 4 SHDSL RJ-45 Connector: Pin Assignments ........................................................................ 9
Table 5 Bonding Combinations.................................................................................................... 11
Table 6 SHDSL Bandwidth and Link Distance .............................................................................. 12
Table 7 Synchronization / Clock Distribution / Network Timing Overview ................................. 13
Table 8 Device Mode (CO/CPE) Configuration ............................................................................ 15
Table 9 Other Specifications ........................................................................................................ 16
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
This document is valid as of Dragon PTN Release 3.0DR.
SHDSL (=Single-Pair High-Speed Digital Subscriber Line) is a data transmission technology
that allows a copper telephone line to be used for faster data transport than a voice band
modem can provide.
This document describes the 4-DSL-LW module which provides four SHDSL RJ45 ports on the
front panel. The 4-DSL-LW interface module (=IFM) can be configured as a LAN or a WAN
(WAN=currently not supported) module. 4-DSL-LW refers to ‘4 ports - SHDSL ports –
LAN/WAN. SHDSL uses equal transmit and receive data rates, which indicates a symmetric
data rate pattern.
The 4-DSL-LW IFM can be plugged into the following IFM slots in the node:
IFM1,2,3,4,9 (1G/4*1G slots): Fully operational;
IFM5,6,7,8 (1G/10G slots): Fully operational;
IFM10 (1G slot): port1,2,3 operational; port4 only when bonded with port1,2 or 3;
An IFM slot overview per node can be found in the nodes manual Ref. [3] in Table 1.
Main supported features:
Ports: 4 SHDSL interface circuits;
PAF (=PME aggregation function) or Bonding;
Synchronization
(currently not supported) SyncE;
(currently not supported) Wetting Current;
(currently not supported) EFM-C (=Ethernet in the first Mile – Copper) according to IEEE
802.3 section5;
LAN or WAN (WAN=currently not supported) function selectable per module;
E-Tree in an Ethernet Service;
This module interconnects a LAN network via an SHDSL to the MPLS-TP Dragon PTN
network. A general SHDSL example can be found in the figure below. For CO/CPE, see §2.2.1.
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Figure 1 General SHDSL Example
1.2 Manual References
Table 1 is an overview of the manuals referred to in this manual. ‘&’ refers to the language
code, ‘*’ refers to the manual issue. All these manuals can be found in the HiProvision
(=Dragon PTN Management System) Help function.
Table 1 Manual References
Ref.
Number
Title
[1]
DRA-DRM821-&-*
Dragon PTN and HiProvision Operation
[2]
DRA-DRM801-&-*
Dragon PTN Installation and Operation
[3]
DRB-DRM802-&-*
Dragon PTN Nodes: PTN2210, PTN2209, PTN2206, PTN1104
[4]
DRB-DRM803-&-*
Dragon PTN Switching Module: PTN-CSM310-A
[5]
DRA-DRM810-&-*
Dragon PTN General Specifications
MPLS-TP Dragon PTN Network
WAN (via SFP on fiber)
SHDSL
Module
4-DSL-LW
LAN1 LAN2
SHDSL
Link
SHDSL Modem
+ Switch
Dragon PTN
Node
CO
CPE
Ethernet
Link
Ethernet
Module
4-GC-LW
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2. MODULE DESCRIPTION
2.1 Front Panel
Figure 2 Front Panel
2.1.1 Handle
a. Insert the Module into the Node
Take the front panel handles to insert or slide the module into the Dragon PTN node. Push
the module thoroughly into the node’s backplane. Next, tighten the two fastening screws in
the front panel corners.
b. Remove the Module from the Node
Untighten the two fastening screws in the front panel corners. Take the front panel handles
to pull out and finally remove the module from the Dragon PTN node.
2.1.2 LEDs
The meaning of the LEDs depends on the mode of operation (= boot or normal) in which the
4-DSL-LW module currently is running. After plugging in the module or rebooting it, the
module turns into the boot operation, see Table 2. After the module has gone through all
the cycles in the table below (=rebooted successfully), the module turns into the normal
operation, see LEDs in Table 3.
Port 1, 2, 3, 4:
SHDSL port
Handle
LEDs
Fastening screw
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Table 2 LED Indications In Boot Operation
Cycle
PI
PF
FLT
W
L[1..4]
ERR[1..4]
1 x ---
Slow blinking
---
---
---
2 x ---
Fast blinking
---
---
---
3 x ---
---
---
---
---
4 x --- x x x x
5 x --- x x
---
x
6 x --- x x x x
x : LED is lit / --- : LED is not lit
The sub cycle times may vary. The entire boot cycle time [16] takes approximately 2 minutes.
Table 3 LED Indications In Normal Operation
LED
Color
Status
PI (=Power Input)
Not lit, dark
+12V power input to the board not OK
Green
+12V power input to the board OK
PF (=Power Failure)
Not lit, dark
power generation on the board itself is OK
Red
power generation on the board itself is erroneous
W
Not lit, dark
All ports on the module are configured as LAN ports
Green
All ports on the module are configured as WAN ports (currently not
supported)
FLT (=FauLT)
Not lit, dark
no other fault or error situation, different from PF, is active on the module
Red
a fault or error situation, different from PF, is active on the module
L<port n°>
Not lit, dark
Link down on port <port n°>
Yellow, slow blinking
Link is starting up, auto negotiation phase1 between CPE (=Customer
Premises Equipment) and CO (=Central Office)
Yellow, fast blinking
Link is starting up, auto negotiation phase2 between CPE and CO
Yellow, lit
Link is up on port <port n°>
ERR<port n°>
Not lit, dark
- Port<port n°> has been disabled or not programmed in HiProvision
- Port<port n°> has been enabled or programmed in HiProvision, the link is
up and running without errors.
Red, lit
Port<port n°> has been enabled or programmed in HiProvision but the link
has errors and might be down.
2.1.3 SHDSL RJ-45 Ports and Cables
The 4-DSL-LW module provides four of these ports and each port connector has 8 pins. The
two middle pins, pin 4 and 5, are used. See Table 4 below for an overview and description.
Use CAT5E shielded cables to connect these ports.
Figure 3 SHDSL RJ-45 Connector
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Table 4 SHDSL RJ-45 Connector: Pin Assignments
Pin Number
Description
1,2,3
Not Used
4
Data Pair1 Tip (+) including Wetting Current (see §2.2.9) if configured in HiProvision
5
Data Pair1 Ring (-) including Wetting Current (see §2.2.9) if configured in HiProvision
6,7,8
Not Used
2.2 Functional Operation
The 4-DSL-LW performs following major tasks:
2.2.1 Device Mode: CO/CPE
In a general SHDSL link setup between a customer and network side, one link partner must
act as the CO (=Central Office) and the other link partner must act as the CPE (=Customer
Premises Equipment). Within the Dragon PTN solution, the 4-DSL-LW module is by default
configured as CO. See Figure 1 for a general example. See §2.3.2b to configure CO/CPE.
If both SHDSL link partners are configured in the same device mode, the SHDSL link will not
synchronize and as a result will not come up.
In the Figure 4 below, a more detailed setup is shown. A LAN1 network interfaces with the
Dragon PTN node via a SHDSL LAN port on the 4-DSL-LW module. The 4-DSL-LW converts
this traffic into Ethernet traffic on the backplane. The Central Switching Module (=CSM310A) converts this Ethernet traffic into MPLS-TP packets and transmits it via an Ethernet IFM
(e.g. 4-GC-LW) onto the Dragon PTN MPLS-TP network. Each 4-DSL-LW port can be
configured in LAN or WAN (=currently not supported) mode via HiProvision.
Figure 4 Detailed Functional Setup
CSM
CSM310-A
IFM1
4-DSL-LW
IFM2
4-GC-LW
LAN1
Switch
ETH
MPLS-TP
Dragon PTN Node
SHDSL LAN
Port
EFM-C
LAN
WAN
LAN2
SHDSL
SHDSL Modem
+ Switch
MPLS-TP Dragon PTN Network
WAN (via SFP on fiber)
CSM
CSM310-A
IFM1
4-DSL-LW
IFM2
4-GC-LW
Switch
ETH
MPLS-TP
Dragon PTN Node
WAN: MPLS-TP (on fiber, copper) between Dragon PTN nodes
Ethernet node internal
LAN: SHDSL (on copper) external devices
CPE
CO
SHDSL Module
4-DSL-LW
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2.2.2 SHDSL Link Bring Up
Based on some IFM settings and IFM port settings in HiProvision, the SHDSL link can be
brought up. Basically, perform following settings to bring up the SHDSL link:
IFM setting: Unit Type: Configure the device mode CO(=LT unit)/CPE(=NT unit) via the
‘Unit Type’ parameter in HiProvision;
Always make sure that one link partner is CO and the other CPE;
IFM port setting: Line Probing: enable the parameter ‘Line Probing’. As a result, the port
will automatically check the quality of the SHDSL link. The port will automatically decide
which is the best possible bandwidth or Line rate for the available SHDSL link;
IFM port status: SNR: as a result of the line probing, the signal-to-noise ratio (=SNR) will
be filled out automatically in dB. SNR is an indication of the quality of the signal on the
SHDSL link. If the quality or the SNR is too poor, the SHDSL link will not come up. The
longer the SHDSL link, and the higher the automatically selected line rate due to line
probing, the lower the SNR will be. Make sure that the SNR is at least 6dB or higher. If
the measured SNR is lower than 6dB, disable ‘Line Probing’ and set the Maximum Line
Rate lower, until SNR is higher than 6dB.
IFM port status: Link Status: The link should come up. As a result, the link status should
indicate ‘up’.
Furthermore, PAF or Bonding of links can be configured, see §2.2.3.
2.2.3 PAF or Bonding
PAF: PME Aggregation Function;
PME: Physical Medium Entities.
PAF or Bonding is a technique where multiple SHDSL links, connected to the 4-DSL-LW
module, are combined into one logical link. This results in redundancy and a higher
bandwidth for the resulting combined link.
Within the SHDSL link, bonding must be configured on either the CO or the CPE, see Table 5.
The link partner without bonding configured will slave and negotiate with the link partner
that has bonding configured. After the bonding has been negotiated between the CO and
CPE, the bonded SHDSL links come up.
Different line rates are possible within the bonded links, but the difference between the
fastest and slowest link must be less than 4 Mbps.
SHDSL ports can be combined or bonded in HiProvision as indicated in Table 5.
NOTE: When using the SHDSL link as LAN, make sure to configure the local and the remote
LAN SHDSL links with the same bonding or PAF mode;
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Table 5 Bonding Combinations
Bonding
Mode
PAF Mode
in HiProvision
Must be
Configured on
Port1
Port2
Port3
Port4
No Bonding
No PAF (=default)
---
Single
Single
Single
Single
2 links
34
CO (or LT)
Single
Single
Bonding (P4)
3 links
234
CO (or LT)
Single
Bonding (P4)
4 links
1234
CO (or LT)
Bonding (P4)
2 + 2 links
12 and 34
CPE (or NT)
Bonding (P2)
Bonding (P4)
Single: No bonding is active on this port;
Bonding (Px): The bonding aggregation is internally mapped on ‘Port x’; Only ‘Port x’ must be used when configuring the
service in HiProvision;
When changing the bonding or PAF mode, in some cases the bonded SHDSL links will go
down until the new mode has been negotiated again between the CO and CPE.
Changing the bonding from ‘2 + 2 links’ to another mode;
Changing the bonding from ‘4 links’ to ‘3 links’ or ‘2 links’;
Changing the bonding from ‘3 links’ to ‘2 links’;
2.2.4 Ethernet Service
a. General
SHDSL end points communicate over the Dragon PTN network via an Ethernet service. This
service must be configured via HiProvision. This service can operate port or VLAN based. An
optional E-Tree can be configured as well on this Ethernet service.
b. Port Based / VLAN Based
Port based: Use this mode if all the traffic on a port must be transported transparently in
one and the same service;
VLAN based/VLAN ID: Use this mode if each VLAN (ID) on a port must have its own
service. Ethernet packets with the configured VLAN ID will be forwarded in this service,
other VLAN IDs and untagged packets will be dropped. This behavior can be overruled by
a more advanced VLAN processing in the ‘VLAN Tagging/Untagging’ feature in
HiProvision. This feature also supports VLAN translation which replaces VLAN ID ‘x’ into
VLAN ID ‘y’.
c. E-Tree
An E-Tree is a rooted (not routed) point-to-multipoint partial service within a programmed
Ethernet service. E-Tree can be used as a security precaution to separate different customers
(=leafs) using the same Ethernet service while accessing one or more ISPs (=roots).
When an E-Tree is used, each service endpoint is designated as either leaf or root. A leaf can
only communicate with a root. A root can communicate with all the roots and leafs.
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2.2.5 SHDSL Bandwidth and Distances
The SHDSL bandwidth that can be used strongly depends on the SHDSL link distance, the
cable diameter, the cable quality, the noise on the cable….
The longer the link, the smaller the bandwidth;
The more noise, the smaller the bandwidth;
The smaller the diameter, the smaller the bandwidth;
….
In the table below, find some possible combinations for a 0.4 mm diameter SHDSL cable,
without any noise. Noise within a cable pair under test, refers to crosstalk interference
coming from surrounding cable pairs within multi-cable-pair SHDSL cable.
NOTE: The possible link distances in the table below are only target values. The possible
link distances strongly depend on noise, cable quality and TC-PAM line encoding
(TC-PAM = Trellis-coded Pulse Amplitude Modulation: TC-PAM 16/32 are advanced
(=Trellis Coded) SHDSL line coding techniques based on the basic PAM encoding in
the figure below. 16 and 32 refers to the amount of special codes used.
Figure 5 Basic PAM Encoding
Table 6 SHDSL Bandwidth and Link Distance
SHDSL Bandwidth, Line Rate (kbps)
Possible Link Distance, Cable Length (km)
0.4 mm diameter cable, no noise
5696 (maximum line rate)
2.0
2048
3.5
192 (minimum line rate)
6.5
0.8 mm diameter cable: the possible link distance will be approximately 2.5 times the distance of the 0.4 mm diameter
cable for the same line rate. Example: within a 0.8 mm diameter cable and a line rate of 5696 kbps, a possible link
distance of 2.0 * 2.5 = 5.0 km can approximately be reached;
Noise: The more noise, the less link distance can be reached for a same line rate;
2.2.6 I/O with the Central Switching Module (=CSM)
The 4-DSL-LW module receives traffic (SHDSL) via its front panel ports and converts this into
Ethernet traffic which is forwarded to the CSM via the backplane. The CSM does all the
processing on this data (synchronization, CRC checks, conversions, switching…). The CSM
converts this data into MPLS-TP packets and transmits it via a WAN port (on an IFM that
supports WAN) onto the WAN. On the destination side, the same processing occurs in
reverse order.
Analog Signal
PAM Signal
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2.2.7 Synchronization / Clock Distribution / Network Timing
The Dragon PTN network provides a number of mechanisms to perform synchronization /
clock distribution / network timing. The CSM makes sure that all the included IFMs in the
node are synchronized. See the table below for an overview of the mechanisms that are
supported on the 4-DSL-LW module.
It means that the front ports of the 4-DSL-LW module can be used to recover a clock from an
incoming data stream and redistribute this clock via an outgoing data stream;
Following two clock types are important during this synchronization process:
Primary Reference Clock = PRC: a very stable high quality clock that can be used as a
reference;
Service Clock: clock rate at which the data packets are sent in a service;
Table 7 Synchronization / Clock Distribution / Network Timing Overview
Mechanism
Domain
What is
Synchronized?
Purpose
SyncE
Network wide
Clock Frequency
Distribute a synchronous clock, based on a PRC, network wide
over all the nodes that need it.
a. SyncE (=Synchronous Ethernet)
See the manuals in Ref.[1] and Ref.[4] for more detailed information;
2.2.8 Ethernet First Mile – Copper (=EFM-C) (currently not supported)
EFM-C is a specific Ethernet protocol between the CO and the CPE over the SHDSL which
allows the 4-DSL-LW module to monitor the SHDSL link. The configuration of EFM-C and the
monitoring of this link status can be done in HiProvision.
2.2.9 Wetting Current (currently not supported)
a. General
Wetting Current is the minimal current needed (approximately 2 mA) through an electrical
contact to prevent oxidation of that contact. A more humid environment increases the
chances of oxidation. The Wetting Current does not switch or activates the contact, it just
prevents oxidation.
b. Configuration
The activation of the Wetting Current can only be done on the CO side. As a result, the CO
will send this current on the DSL. The CPE side has a resistor in its circuit to allow the
Wetting Current to flow.
The Wetting Current can be configured per front port in HiProvision. Once it has been
enabled for a port, it will flow continuously.
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2.2.10 Loopback Selftests
Loopback selftests can be performed on the Ethernet service on the 4-DSL-LW IFM, e.g.
when configuring or troubleshooting the service. The loopback can be configured on the
front ports towards the line (=application) or network.
CAUTION: enabling selftests disables or disturbs normal service traffic on a port!
For more information and configuration settings, see 'Test and Loopback' in Ref.[1] in
Table 1.
2.3 Onboard Interfaces
Figure 6 4-DSL-LW: Side View
2.3.1 Straps
No user relevant straps.
2.3.2 DIP Switches
a. Hardware Edition
The Hardware Edition (labeled as CARD_ID) (see Figure 7) is set in decimal code using rotary
switches S2 to S3 (=most significant). It can be read out as well via HiProvision. This edition
has been factory set and MUST NOT BE CHANGED!
Example: Setting S3=’0’ and S2=’5’ indicates Hardware Edition ‘5’ (dec).
CPE
CSM
SW3
SW4
SW5
SW6
SW7
SW8
CO
SW1
Hardware
Edition
Device Mode
Configuration
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Figure 7 Hardware Edition
b. Device Mode (CO/CPE) Configuration
The ‘Device Mode’ (CO or CPE) of the 4-DSL-LW module depends on the configuration in
HiProvision and some DIP switch settings in Figure 6. Figure 8 shows this DIP switch into
detail.
The ‘Device Mode’ configuration in HiProvision will always be the master setting. In
HiProvision, configure the ‘Unit Type’ parameter on IFM level as follows:
CO: Unit Type = ‘LT Unit’; (LT = Line Termination);
CPE: Unit Type = ‘NT Unit’; (NT = Network Termination);
Only when there is nothing configured in HiProvision for this IFM, the DIP switch settings on
the board itself come into play. The possible configurations on the board are shown in
Table 8.
NOTE: Other switches on the DIP switch are spare switches
Figure 8 Device Mode Configuration
Table 8 Device Mode (CO/CPE) Configuration
Switch:
Configuration
Selector
Switch:
Device
Mode
Description
SW1 (=default)
(for
WAN=currently
not supported)
CO (=default)
The Device Mode will be as configured in HiProvision. If nothing has been configured yet
in HiProvision, the Device Mode will fall back to the Device Mode switch setting on the
board and start up as CO. As a result, the SHDSL link can come up spontaneously, if the
other SHDSL link partner is CPE. This behavior is required in the discovery phase of a new
network or node when the nodes are interconnected via a WAN SHDSL link.
CPE
The Device Mode will be as configured in HiProvision. If no configuration has been done
in HiProvision, the Device Mode will fall back to the Device Mode switch setting on the
board and start up as CPE. As a result, the SHDSL link can come up spontaneously, if the
other SHDSL link partner is CO. This behavior is required in the discovery phase of a new
network or node when the nodes are interconnected via a WAN SHDSL link.
CSM
(for LAN)
CO (=default)
The Device Mode will be as configured in HiProvision (=CSM is driven by HiProvision). If
no configuration has been done in HiProvision yet, the 4-DSL-LW module will start up
UNCONFIGURED and the LAN SHDSL link will not come up! The module will not be
operational and just wait for a configuration in HiProvision.
This behavior is required for LAN SHDSL links because the HiProvision operator only
wants the link to come up in a controlled way.
CPE
CPE
CSM
SW3
SW4
SW5
SW6
SW7
SW8
CPE
CSM
SW3
SW4
SW5
SW6
SW7
SW8
CPE
CSM
SW3
SW4
SW5
SW6
SW7
SW8
Spare
Device
Mode
Configuration
Selector
CO
SW1
CO
SW1
CO
SW1
S1
For
LAN
For
WAN
S1 S1
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3. MODULE SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 General Specifications
For general specifications like temperature, humidity, EMI ... see Ref.[5] in Table 1.
3.2 Other Specificiations
Table 9 Other Specifications
Description
Value
Weight
0.25 kg / 0.6 lb
MTBF
104 years at 25°C/77°F
Power Consumption
7.3W (measured at 25°C/77°F, with data transport)
Module Size
width: 20.32 mm / 0.8 inches
height: 126 mm / 4.96 inches
depth: 195 mm / 7.68 inches
Power Consumption
27W (measured at 25°C/77°F, with data transport)
3.3 Ordering Information
PTN-4-DSL-LW: 942 236-007
4. ABBREVIATIONS
CE
Conformité Européenne
CO
Central Office
CPE
Customer Premises Equipment
CSM
Central Switching Module
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line
EFM-C
Ethernet in the First Mile Over Point-to-Point Copper
EMI
Electromagnetic Interference
ERR
Error
FLT
Fault
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IFM
InterFace Module
ISP
Internet Service Provider
LAN
Local Area Network
LVD
Low Voltage Directive
LT
Line Termination
MTBF
Mean Time Between Failures
NT
Network Termination
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PAF
PME Aggregation Function
PF
Power Failure
PI
Power Input
PME
Physical Medium Entities
PTN
Packet Transport Network
SHDSL
Single-Pair High Speed DSL
SNR
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SyncE
Synchronous Ethernet
TC-PAM
Trellis-coded Pulse Amplitude Modulation
WAN
Wide Area Network
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