Richard Hirschmann GmbH & Co
Business department
Interactive Broadband Networks
Stuttgarter Strasse 4 - 51
D - 72654 Neckartenzlingen
Page 2
Disclaimer
Every attempt has been made to make this material complete, accurate, and up-to-date. Users are
cautioned, however, that Richard Hirschmann GmbH & Co reserves the right to make changes
without notice and shall not be responsible for any damages, including consequential, caused by
reliance on the material presented, including, but not limited to, typographical, arithmetical, or listing
errors.
This document describes the form, fit, and function of the OptiCaT 1500 Series
Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) and all acceptable standard options.
• Installing the unit
• Operating the unit
• Setting up the unit to suit individual needs
• Troubleshooting
• Theory of operation
• Repair Policy
1.2General Description
The OptiCaT 1500 EDFA is an optical amplifier operating in the 1550 nm
wavelength region. These units are intended to function as either a booster or line
amplifier depending on the model.
980nm diode lasers are used to pump Erbium doped fiber to provide optical
amplification. Depending on model, optical isolators are used at both the input and
output of the amplifier. Tap couplers allow the measurement of the optical input
and output powers.
The unit can be powered from AC, DC, or conditioned external DC supplies,
configured as main or backup, depending on which powering option is ordered.
1.3Physical Description
Figure 1-1 is an illustration of the OptiCaT 1500 EDFA, showing unit
measurements. The Optical Amplifier is a rack mounted 1U unit.
On/Off Key Activate/De-activate optical gain
LED indicator Indicates status of unit (Normal, Warning, or Alarm)
DisplayAlphanumeric Dot Matrix LED, 1 line provides
Scroll buttonsup/down/select push buttons are used to select menu
Rear Panel:
Power entry module On/Off switch with standard 3-pin IEC AC (with
AC option)power socket with integrated fuse holder
Terminal Block4 post for DC power inputs
Ground Stud
Communication port Dual RJ-11 jacks for use with RS-485 protocol.
Optical connectorsfiber input /out put
status and configuration information.
items for display and to vary user adjustable
parameters.
Status monitoring with compatible Network
Management Software
Figure 1-2 Optical Connectors Compatible with OpitCaT 1500 EDFA
1.7Optical Connector Care and Handling
All optical connectors are shipped with end caps for protection and safety. Do not
remove the end caps until installation.
The optical connector’s surface is highly polished and free of foreign materials to
ensure low loss coupling and back reflection. Do not allow the optical connectors to
become dirty. Small traces of dirt will degrade transmission quality. Ensure that the
caps are on the optical connectors at all times.
It is absolutely critical that fiber optic connectors be cleaned each and every time
before connecting or reconnecting to anything.
Without proper maintenance practices, fiber optic systems will fail to function
properly. These performance degradation’s take many forms:
• Poor analog tra nsmission qual ity
• Digital bit error rates increase
• Reduced optical power
• Receiver input power outside optimum operating range
• Dirty connectors may cause damage to their mated counterparts
It is recommended that RIFOCS Corporation 945/946 fiber optic connector cleaning
system be used for cleaning the optical connectors.
1.8Service
High power lasers are contained within this unit. Dangerous AC voltages may be
present.
Do not attempt to modify or service any part of the system. If the system does not
meet its warranted specifications, or if a problem is encountered that requires service,
return the apparently faulty assembly to Hirschmann for evaluation in accordance
with Hirschmann 's warranty policy.
When returning an assembly for service, include the following information: Owner,
Model Number, Serial Number, Return Authorization Number (obtained in advance
from Hirschmann Corporation's Customer Service Department), service required
and/or a description of the problem encountered.
1.9If You Need Help
If you need additional help in installing or using the system, need additional copies of
this manual, or have questions about system options, please call Hirschmann´s
Service Center at +49 / 7127 / 14-1301.
1.10Safety Considerations
When installing or using this product, observe all safety precautions during handling
and operation. Failure to comply with the following general safety precautions and
with specific precautions described elsewhere in this manual violates the safety
standards of the design, manufacture, and intended use of this product. Hirschmann
GmbH & Co assumes no liability for the customer's failure to comply with these
precautions.
Calls at tent ion t o a p rocedure or p ractice which, if ignored, may result in damage to
the system or sy stem comp onent. Do not perform any procedure preceded by a
CAUTION until described conditions are fully understood and met.
The OptiC aT 1500 amplifier provides highly reliable performance when operated in
conformity with its intended design. However, it may be damaged by an electrostatic
charge inadvertently imposed by careless handling.
Static electricity can be conducted to the amplifier through the rear panel connectors.
When unpacking and otherwise handling the amplifier, follow ESD precautionary
procedures including use of grounded wrist straps, grounded workbench surfaces,
and grounded floor mats.
Exposure to electrostatic charge is greatly reduced after the amplifier chassis is
grounded.
To install the equipment, perform the following steps, each of which is described in detail in
the rest of this section.
• Step 1. Examine the equipment for loss or damage that may have occurred during
shipping.
• Step 2. Prepare the operating environment.
• Step 3. Install the OptiC aT 1500 EDFA
• Step 4. Make electrical connections
• Step 5. Make RF connections
• Step 6. Make optical connections
2.1Examine the Equipment
• Carefully unpack the equipment. Be sure to check the packing material for small
parts
• Check the contents of package against the following list:
Package Contents
• OptiCaT 1500 EDFA
• Operation Manual
• Factory test data
• AC power cord (If AC option selected)
• If any of the equipment is missing or damaged, please notify Hirschmann
Corporation immediately.
2.2Preparing the Equipment
2.2.1Environmental Requirements
The OptiC aT 1500 EDFA has been designed to operate over a temperature
range of 0oC to 50oC. Hirschmann GmbH & Co recommends operating it at
an ambient temperature of 25oC (77oF).
The humidity should be kept below 95% non-condensing. If necessary,
equipment should be installed to maintain the temperature and humidity
within these limits.
Hirschmann GmbH & Co also recommends a low dust environment.
The OptiC aT 1500 EDFA is 1 unit high and is designed to fit EIA standard
19 inch equipment cabinets. Hirschmann GmbH & Co recommends 1.75 inch
space above and below the unit.
2.2.3 Power Requirements
Depending on the option purchased, the unit can be powered from AC,
unregulated DC, or regulated external DC. If AC power is present, it will be
the main supply. The DC inputs can be configured as a backup or as the
main supply (if AC is not present).
Power Requirements are:
AC input90- 264 VAC, 50-440 Hz
DC input21-60 VDC, floating
external DC input+24 VDC +/-0.5V
Noise and ripple less than
100 mV-pp above 100 kHz, less than 20 mV
below 100 kHz
Power Consumption:40 W max.
pp
2.3 Install the Equipment
Mount the OptiCaT 1500 EDFA in the equipment cabinet in the desired location.
2.4M ake E lectr ica l Connectio ns
When AC power is present, it will be the main supply. The
DC inputs can be configured as a backup or as the main
supply (if AC is not present) depending on the powering
option ordered.
The four available powering options of the unit are as follows:
• AC onlyAC input and 24V conditioned input only
• DC onlyDC input and 24V conditioned input only
• AC and DCAC input, DC input, and 24V conditioned input
Note: Make heavy gauge wire connection between ground stud and chassis ground
before making electrical connections.
21 - 60 V DC input Regulated Input
+24 V Gnd
Figure 2-1 DC Power Connections
2. 5M a ke Op t ical Con ne c t ion s
Ensure optical input signal is present.
Make sure all connectors are clean before installing. Connect the input and output
fiber cables to the appropriate connectors on the rear of the unit. Optical connector
options are: FC/APC, E -2000, SC/APC with either pigtails or bulkhead connectors.
2.6M ake Comm u nicat ions Conne ct ions (Opt io nal)
Status monitoring is available with compatible RS-485 Network Management
System through dual RJ-11 phone Jacks.
The user front panel interface consists of a 16 character segmented LED display, a status
indicating LED, and 3 push buttons. The status indicating LED indicates whether the
conditions are normal, or whether a warning or alarm is active. The LED lights green,
amber, or red, respectively to indicate these conditions.
The three push buttons are marked with an up arrow (up), a down arrow (down), or
“select” (select, or enter). These buttons are used to navigate a menu (figure 3-3) that
displays system information on the 16 character display. During normal operation, and
when no buttons have been pressed, the display reads “Optical amplifier” When a warning
or alarm condition is present, the display shows a description of the problem (table 3-1).
3.1 Front Panel Controls and Indicators
Key switchOptical gain section enable/disable switch - (key not
Status LED Tricolor (green, yellow, red)
removable in on position)
GREEN - indicates normal operation
AMBER - indicates a warning condition
RED - indicates an alarm condition
DisplayAlphanumeric Dot Matrix LED - List of messages
shown in Table 3-1.
Scroll buttonsup/down/select push buttons - Menu structure
Power entry module On/Off switch with standard
(If AC ordered)3-pin IEC AC power socket integrated fuse holder
Optical connectorsfiber input/ outp ut
Fandual with shields
Terminal Block4 post for DC power inputs
Ground Stud
Communication portdual RS-485 phone jacks
Communications: Status monitoring with compatible Network
Make sure the Key switch on the front panel is in
the “Off” position before turning the power on
switch to the “On” position.
options: FC/APC, E-2000, SC/APC
Management Software
DA N GE R
INVISIBLE LAS ER RADIAT ION
AVO ID DIRECT E XPOSURE TO BEAM
P EAK POWER 2 00 m W
WAVEL ENGTH1550 nm
CLASS IIIb L ASER PRODUCT
THIS PRODUCT COMPLIES WITH 21 C F
Figure 3-2. EDFA Rear Panel
3.3Startup and Normal Operation
With the Laser key in the “Off” position, turn on the rear panel electrical power.
When the EDFA is first powered up, it will go through a series of power-on selftests. During the self-test period, the push buttons are disabled, the display flashes
“Start-up,” and the LED is set to amber.
With the key in the “Off” position, the optical gain will be disabled and the input
optical signal will be throughput without any amplification or degradation.
To enable the optical gain section, turn the key switch to the “On” position. The
LED will switch to green and “1550 EDFA” will be displayed. If the EDFA does
not pass its self-test because of a warning or an alarm condition, then the EDFA
changes the LED and display as described in table 4-1 in Section 4
Troubleshooting.
During normal operation, the EDFA displays “1550 EDFA.” When the “select”
button is pressed, the display changes to show system information according to the
menu structure of Fig. 3-1. By repeatedly pressing “select,” the display cycles
through the menu headings “Optical,” “Pump 1,” “Pump 2,” on up to “Pump 4 if
installed,” and “System.”
In EDFA’s where fewer pumps are installed, the menu headings for those lasers
not installed are eliminated. The down button moves the display down in the menu
structure; if the bottom of the menu is reached, the display wraps back to the top.
For instance, if “Pump 1” is shown and the down button is pressed, then the
display shows the pump 1 laser bias current. The up button moves the display up
the menu structure.
3.4Output Power Adjustment
To adjust the output power repeatedly press the “select” button until the
“Optical” menu heading appears in the display. Press the down button until the
display reads “Pwr Adj = xx.xdBm.” Press the “select” button and the display will
start to flash. Use the up and down button to adjust the power to the desired
setting. Press the select button again to save the adjustment.
Press the down button again, and the display will read “Update Adj. = Y/N.”
Press the select button and the display will start to flash. Use the up/down buttons
to select “Y” or “N.” Press the select button again to save your choice. If “Y” is
chosen, the adjusted power setting will automatically come up each time the unit is
turned on. If “N” is chosen, the power setting will change back to the previously
updated value when power to the unit is cycled.
OpticalPin=xx.xdBmshows the optical power into the EDFA
Pout=xx.xdBmshows the optical power out of the EDFA
Pwr Adj = xx.xdBmshows the adjusted optical power out of the EDFA
Update Adj = Y/Nsaves adjusted power setting to non-volatile memory
Pump 1I bias 1=xxxmAshows the bias current to pump laser 1
I TEC 1=x.xxAshows the TEC current for pump laser 1
Temp 1=xxCshows the temperature of pump laser 1
Pump 2I bias 2=xxxmAshows the bias current to pump laser 2
I TEC 2=x.xxAshows the TEC current for pump laser 2
Temp 2=xxCshows the temperature of pump laser 2
Pump 3I bias 3=xxxmAshows the bias current to pump laser 3
I TEC 3=x.xxAshows the TEC current for pump laser 3
Temp 3=xxCshows the temperature of pump laser 3
Pump 4I bias 4=xxxmAshows the bias current to pump laser 4
I TEC 4=x.xxAshows the TEC current for pump laser 4
Temp 4=xxCshows the temperature of pump laser 4
There are two types of faults - warnings and alarms. Warnings are conditions that
indicate problems, but do not necessarily result in a total loss of service. Alarms are
conditions that indicate a total loss of service. Based on the condition of the alarm or
warning, different indicators will be affected. These are described below.
4.1 Warning Conditions
When the EDFA is in the warning condition, the status LED will change to amber,
and a brief description of the condition is listed on the display. Warnings generally
do not halt operation of the unit, but correspond to a parameter that is slightly out
of range. If the warning condition ceases, i.e. , the relevant parameter goes back into
its allowable range, the display and LED will return to their normal state without
user intervention.
4.2 Alarm Conditions
Alarms generally halt operation of the EDFA. They correspond to either a
parameter that is far out of the acceptable range, or to a condition that could
potentially cause damage to the EDFA. If the alarm persists after cycling power or
toggling the keyswitch, then the alarm is activated again.
Table 4-1 defines the different warning and alarm conditions, the display readout,
and how the conditions are cleared. Some critical alarms, such as “Alarm: self test,”
can only be cleared by cycling power to the EDFA. Other alarms are cleared when
the keyswitch is toggled off and then on again or are self clearing if the relevant
parameter returns to a normal range. With warnings, the EDFA will simply
continue to function while indicating the warning, or the warning will clear itself if
the relevant parameter returns to a normal range.
The OptiCaT1500 EDFA block diagram is shown in Fig 5-1. Depending on model,
isolators are used at both the input and output to prevent optical reflections from feeding
back into the amplifier which can degrade performance. Tap couplers at both the input and
output are used to monitor the power of the incoming and amplified output signal.
Gain occurs in a section of Erbium doped fiber which is “pumped” by light from 980 nm
lasers. The erbium ions absorb the 980nm pump light and re-emit light which is in phase
and at the same wavelength as the input signal. The amount of gain is dependent on both
the incoming signal power and the pump power.