Hioki PQ3100 Instruction Manual
Contents
Contents
Introduction ................................................ 1
Verifying Package Contents ..................... 2
Safety Information ..................................... 4
Operating Precautions .............................. 7
1 Overview 15
1.1 Procedure for Investigating
Power Quality ................................. 15
Step 1: Clarifying the purpose ....................15
Step 2: Identifying the malfunctioning
component (measurement location) ...........15
Step 3: Checking investigation
(measurement) locations (collecting site
data) ............................................................16
Step 4: Making measurements with the
power quality analyzer (measurement
procedure) ..................................................16
Advice for identifying the cause of
abnormalities ..............................................18
1.2 Product Overview ........................... 19
1.3 Features .......................................... 20
1.4 Names and Functions of Parts ..... 21
1.5 ScreenConguration ..................... 24
Displaying and switching screens ...............24
MONITOR screen .......................................25
TREND screen ............................................26
EVENT screen ............................................27
WIRING screen ...........................................27
SET UP screen ...........................................28
FILE screen ................................................29
QUICK SET screen .....................................29
1.6 Basic Key Operations .................... 30
Changing the required items .......................30
Entering characters .....................................31
1.7 Screen Display ............................... 32
1.8 Error Screen Display ...................... 34
2 Preparing for
Measurement 35
2.1 Preparation Flowchart ................... 35
2.2 Initial Measurement
Preparations ................................... 36
Color coding of current sensor (for
channel identication) .................................36
Bundling the voltage cords and current
sensors (If required) ....................................37
Installing the battery pack ...........................38
Attaching the strap (if required) ..................39
Setting the language, clock, and
measurement frequency .............................40
2.3 Pre-measurement Inspection ........ 41
2.4 Inserting the SD Memory Card ...... 42
2.5 Power Supply ................................. 43
2.6 Turning On/Off the Instrument ...... 44
2.7 Warm-up .......................................... 44
3 Quick Set 45
3.1 CongurableItems ......................... 45
3.2 Adding Settings .............................. 46
4 Wiring
(WIRING Screen) 47
4.1 Wiring Procedure ........................... 47
4.2 Wiring Method and Declared
Input Voltage Settings.................... 48
Wiring diagram ............................................50
4.3 Connecting Voltage Cords to
Instrument ....................................... 51
4.4 Connecting Current Sensors
andConguringCurrentSensor
Settings ........................................... 52
Connecting the optional current sensor ......52
Connecting current sensors other than
the optional sensors ....................................53
4.5 Zero Adjustment ............................. 54
4.6 Connecting Voltage Cords to
Objects ............................................ 55
4.7 Attaching Current Sensors to
Objects ............................................ 56
Load current measurement .........................56
Leakage current measurement ...................57
4.8 ConguringCurrentRange
Setting ............................................. 58
4.9 Checking Wiring ............................. 59
5 Setting Change (SET
UP Screen) 63
5.1 Measurement Settings ................... 64
SET UP, Measurement Settings 1
screen .........................................................64
SET UP, Measurement Settings 2
screen .........................................................66
5.2 Recording Settings ........................ 69
5.3 Event Settings ................................ 72
SET UP, Event Settings 1 screen .............72
SET UP, Event Settings 2 screen .............74
5.4 System Settings ............................. 75
System reset (Default) ................................76
Factory reset (Default) ................................77
Factory settings ..........................................78
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4
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7
8
9
10
Appx. Ind.
PQ3100A961-00
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Contents
Contents
6 Verifying the Waveform,
Measured Values
(MONITOR Screen) 81
Fixing the waveform display and
measured values ........................................81
6.1 Verifying the Voltage Waveform
and Current Waveform ................... 82
Screen display ............................................82
Changing the zoom factor for the
vertical axis and horizontal axis (X and
Y axis) of the waveform ..............................83
Verifying the measured value and
time at the cursor position (cursor
measurement) .............................................83
Scrolling the waveform ...............................83
6.2 Verifying the Electric Power (List
of Numerical Values) ...................... 84
6.3 Verifying the Electric Energy ........ 85
6.4 Verifying the Voltage Details ......... 86
6.5 Verifying the Current Details ......... 87
6.6 Verifying the Vector ........................ 88
6.7 Verifying the Harmonics Graph
and Harmonics Numerical
Values .............................................. 89
7 Recording (Save) (SET
UP Screen) 91
7.1 Start and Stop of the
Recording ....................................... 91
7.2 Using the Instrument During an
Interruption ..................................... 94
8 Verifying the Trends
(Fluctuations) in
Measured Values
(TREND Screen) 95
8.5 Verifying the Harmonic Trend
(Availableafterthermware
update) .......................................... 103
8.6 VerifyingtheFlicker(Available
afterthermwareupdate) ........... 104
9 Checking Events
(EVENT Screen) 105
9.1 Checking Event List ..................... 108
Checking event details ..............................109
9.2 Checking Event Status .................110
Switching event monitor screen ................ 111
Checking trend data on event ................... 11 2
Checking transient waveforms during
an event (Available after the rmware
update) ...................................................... 11 3
10 File Saving and
Operations (FILE
Screen) 115
10.1 Viewing and Using FILE Mode
Screen ............................................116
10.2 Folder and File Structure ..............118
SD memory card ....................................... 11 8
Internal memory ........................................120
10.3 Screen Hard Copy ........................ 121
Checking images (Available after the
rmware update) .......................................121
10.4 Saving Setting Files ..................... 122
10.5 Loading Setting Files ................... 123
10.6 Loading Measured Data ............... 124
10.7 Copy from the Internal Memory
to SD Memory Card ...................... 125
10.8 Deleting Folders and Files .......... 125
10.9 Formatting SD Memory Card
(Deleting All Files) ........................ 126
10.10 Removing SD Memory Card
during Recording ......................... 127
Verifying the measured value and
time at the cursor position (cursor
measurement) .............................................96
Scrolling the graph ......................................96
Event search ...............................................97
8.1 Verifying the Basic Trend .............. 98
8.2 Verifying the Detail Trend ............ 100
8.3 Verifying the Electric Energy ...... 101
8.4 VerifyingtheDemand(Available
afterthermwareupdate) ........... 102
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ii
11 Analysis (with
Computer) 129
11.1 Copying Files ................................ 129
Use of SD Memory Cards .........................130
Use of USB Cable .....................................131
11.2 Use of Application Software PQ
One (Included) .............................. 133
What can be done with the application
software ....................................................133
Installation .................................................134
Contents
Contents
12 Communications (USB/
LAN/RS-232C) 137
12.1 Preparing for LAN
Communications .......................... 138
Settings (SET UP Screen) ........................138
Example of establishing a network
environment ..............................................139
Connection ................................................140
12.2 Remote Control of the
Instrument through the Internet
Browser (LAN Communications
Only) .............................................. 142
Preparations .............................................142
Remote operation .....................................143
Restrict the access
(password settings) ...................................144
12.3 RS-232C Communication
Preparations ................................. 145
Settings (SET UP screen) .........................145
Connection ................................................145
13 External I/O 147
13.1 Event Input .................................... 148
13.2 Event Output ................................. 149
13.3 External Event Output Settings
(SET UP Screen) ........................... 150
13.4 Connection ................................... 151
14 Specications 153
15.2 Cleaning ........................................ 195
15.3 Error Indication ............................ 195
15.4 Disposing the Instrument ............ 199
Appendix Appx.1
Appx. 1 Fundamental
Measurement Items ......... Appx.1
Appx. 2 Event Item ......................... Appx.3
Appx. 3 Explanation of Power
Quality Parameters and
Events ............................... Appx.4
Appx. 4 Event Detection
Methods ............................ Appx.8
Appx. 5 Recording Trends and
Event Waveforms ........... Appx.15
Trend screen recording method .........Appx.15
Recording event waveforms ..............Appx.16
Method for verifying aggregation values
required by IEC61000-4-30 ...............Appx.17
Appx. 6 Detailed Explanation of
IEC Flicker and ∆V10
Flicker(availableafter
thermwareupdate) ..... Appx.18
IEC icker meter ................................Appx.18
V10 icker meter ..............................Appx.20
∆
Appx. 7 3-phase 3-wire
Measurement .................. Appx.21
Appx. 8 Method for Calculating
Active Power
Accuracy ......................... Appx.23
Appx. 9 Terminology ................... Appx.24
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6
7
7
14.1 GeneralSpecications ................ 153
14.2 InputSpecications/Output
Specications/Measurement
Specications ............................... 155
14.3 Flagging Concept ......................... 169
14.4 QUICKSETSpecications .......... 170
14.5 EventSpecications .................... 172
14.6 InterfaceSpecications ............... 173
14.7 Calculation Formula ..................... 175
14.8 RangeCongurationand
CombinationAccuracy ................ 188
15 Maintenance and
Service 193
Calibrations ...............................................193
15.1 Troubleshooting ........................... 193
Before having the instrument repaired ......193
Replaceable parts and operating
lifetimes .....................................................194
Index Ind.1
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10
Appx. Ind.
Appx. Ind.
Contents
iv
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Hioki PQ3100 Power Quality Analyzer. To obtain maximum
performance from the instrument, please read this manual rst, and keep it handy for future
reference.
Registered trademarks
• Microsoft and Windows are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation
in the United States and other countries.
• Microsoft and Windows 7, Windows 10 are either registered trademarks or trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.
• The SD logo is a trademark of SD-3C, LLC.
• Microsoft and Excel are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in
the United States and other countries.
• Any other products and company names are generally either trade names, registered trademarks
or trademarks of respective companies.
Introduction
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Appx. Ind.
1
Verifying Package Contents
Verifying Package Contents
When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during
shipping. In particular, check the accessories, keys, switch, and connectors. If damage is evident,
or if it fails to operate according to the specications, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or
reseller.
Check that the package contents are correct.
PQ3100 Power Quality Analyzer
Accessories
L1000-05 Voltage Cord
Maximum rated voltage: 1000 V, maximum rated current: 10 A
Alligator clips (black, red, yellow, blue, gray)
3 m banana plug leads (black, red, yellow, blue, gray)
Spiral Tubes (Cord bundling)
See “Bundling the voltage cords and current sensors (If required)”
(p. 37), “Connecting Voltage Cords to Instrument” (p. 51), and
“Connecting Voltage Cords to Objects” (p. 55).
Z1002 AC Adapter (with power cord)
Z1003 Battery Pack
USB cable
× 1
×1 each
×1 each
×5
×1
×1
×1
Colored spiral tubes in red, yellow, and blue (color coding for
current sensors)
Spiral tubes in black (cord bundling for current sensors)
Strap
See “Attaching the strap (if required)” (p. 39).
Instruction Manual*
Measurement Guide*
CD (computer application software)
See “11.2 Use of Application Software PQ One (Included)” (p. 133).
The latest version can be downloaded from our website.
*: See Hioki website for other languages.
Precautions when transporting the instrument
Handle the instrument carefully so that it is not damaged due to a vibration or shock.
×2 each
×5
×1
×1
×1
×1
2
Verifying Package Contents
Options
The following options are provided for the PQ3100. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or
reseller when ordering.
For current measurement
CT7126 AC Current Sensor (60 A, φ15 mm)
CT7131 AC Current Sensor (100 A, φ15 mm)
CT7136 AC Current Sensor (600 A, φ46 mm)
CT7044 AC Flexible Current Sensor (6000 A, φ100 mm)
CT7045 AC Flexible Current Sensor (6000 A, φ180 mm)
CT7046 AC Flexible Current Sensor (6000 A, φ254 mm)
CT7731 AC/DC Auto-Zero Current Sensor (100 A, φ33 mm)
CT7736 AC/DC Auto-Zero Current Sensor (600 A, φ33 mm)
CT7742 AC/DC Auto-Zero Current Sensor (2000 A, φ55 mm)
CT7116 AC Leakage Current Sensor (6 A, φ40 mm)
L9910 Conversion Cable (BNC-PL14)
For voltage measurement
L1000-05 Voltage Cord (accessory)
Maximum rated voltage: 1000 V, maximum rated current: 10 A
9804-01 Magnetic Adapter (Red: 1, for changing the voltage cord tips)
Maximum rated voltage: 1000 V, maximum rated current: 2 A
9804-02 Magnetic Adapter (Black: 1, for changing the voltage cord tips)
Maximum rated voltage: 1000 V, maximum rated current: 2 A
9243 Grabber Clip (Red/Black: 1 each, for changing the voltage cord tips)
Maximum rated voltage: 1000 V, maximum rated current: 1 A
Power supply
Z1002 AC Adapter (accessory)
Z1003 Battery Pack (accessory)
Media for recording
Z4001 SD Memory Card 2GB
Z4003 SD Memory Card 8GB
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Communication
9637 RS-232C Cable (9 pin-9 pin/1.8 m, cross cable)
9642 LAN Cable
Carrying Case
C1009 Carrying Case (Bag)
C1001 Carrying Case (Soft)
C1002 Carrying Case (Hard)
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Appx. Ind.
3
Safety Information
Safety Information
This instrument is designed to conform to IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been thoroughly
tested for safety prior to shipment. However, using the instrument in a way not described in this
manual may negate the provided safety features.
Before using the instrument, be certain to carefully read the following safety notes.
DANGER
Mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well as damage to the
instrument. Be certain that you understand the instructions and precautions in the
manual before use.
WARNING
With regard to the electricity supply, there are risks of electric shock, heat
generation, re, and arc discharge due to short circuits. Individuals using an
electrical measuring instrument for the rst time should be supervised by a
technician who has experience in electrical measurement.
Notation
In this document, the risk seriousness and the hazard levels are classied as follows.
DANGER
WARNING
CAUTION
IMPORTANT
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation that will result in death or serious injury
to the operator.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in death or serious injury to
the operator.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in minor or moderate injury
to the operator or damage to the instrument or malfunction.
Indicates information related to the operation of the instrument or maintenance tasks
with which the operators must be fully familiar.
Indicates a high voltage hazard.
If a particular safety check is not performed or the instrument is mishandled, this may
give rise to a hazardous situation; the operator may receive an electric shock, may
get burnt or may even be fatally injured.
Indicates a strong magnetic-eld hazard.
The effects of the magnetic force can cause abnormal operation of heart pacemakers
and/or medical electronics.
Indicates a prohibited action.
Indicates the action which must be performed.
MONITOR
(Bold character)
[ ] Operation keys are displayed in brackets ([ ]).
*
(Available after the
rmware update)
Names on the screen are displayed in bold characters.
Additional information is presented below.
This function is not available with the present rmware. This function will be available
after the rmware version update scheduled in May, 2017.
4
Symbols on the instrument
Indicates cautions and hazards. When the symbol is printed on the instrument, refer to a
corresponding topic in the Instruction Manual.
Safety Information
Indicates DC (Direct Current).
Indicates the ON side of the power switch.
Indicates the OFF side of the power switch.
Indicates a grounding terminal.
Indicates an instrument that has been protected throughout by double insulation or reinforced
insulation.
(9243 Grabber Clip)
Symbols for various standards
Indicates the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) in EU
member states.
Indicates that the product conforms to regulations set out by the EC Directive.
This is a recycle mark established under the Resource Recycling Promotion Law (only for Japan).
Ni-MH
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5
Accuracy
We dene measurement tolerances in terms of f.s. (full scale), rdg. (reading) and dgt. (digit) values,
with the following meanings:
(maximum display value, range)
f.s.
rdg.
dgt.
Protective gear
The maximum value that can be displayed. This is usually the name of the currently selected
range.
(reading or displayed value)
The value currently being measured and indicated on the measuring instrument.
(resolution)
The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring instrument, i.e., the input value that
causes the digital display to show a “1” as the least-signicant digit.
WARNING
This instrument measures live lines. To prevent electric shock, use appropriate
protective insulation and adhere to applicable laws and regulations.
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10
Appx. Ind.
5
Safety Information
Measurement categories
To ensure safe operation of measuring instruments, IEC 61010 establishes safety standards
for various electrical environments, categorized as CAT II to CAT IV, and called measurement
categories.
DANGER
• Using a measuring instrument in an environment designated with a higher-
numbered category than that for which the instrument is rated could result in a
severe accident, and must be carefully avoided.
• Never use a measuring instrument that lacks category labeling in a CAT II to CAT
IV measurement environment. Doing so could result in a serious accident.
The instrument conforms to the safety requirements for CAT III 1000 V, CAT IV 600 V measuring
instruments.
CAT II: When directly measuring the electrical outlet receptacles of the primary electrical circuits
in equipment connected to an AC electrical outlet by a power cord (portable tools,
household appliances, etc.).
CAT III: When measuring the primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment (xed installations)
connected directly to the distribution panel, and feeders from the distribution panel to
outlets.
CAT IV: When measuring the circuit from the service drop to the service entrance, and to the
power meter and primary overcurrent protection device (distribution panel).
Distribution Panel
Service Entrance
Service Drop
CAT IV
Power Meter
Internal Wiring
CAT III
Fixed Installation
CAT II
T
Outlet
6
Operating Precautions
Operating Precautions
Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation and to obtain the full benets of the various
functions.
Preliminary Checks
Before using the instrument, verify that it operates normally to ensure that no damage occurred
during storage or shipping. If you nd any damage, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or
reseller.
DANGER
1
2
To prevent an electric shock, conrm that the white portion (insulation layer) inside
the cable is not exposed. If a color inside the cable is exposed, do not use the
cable.
Installation Environment
Installing the instrument in inappropriate locations may cause a malfunction of
instrument or may give rise to an accident. Avoid the following locations:
• Exposed to direct sunlight or high temperature
• Exposed to corrosive or combustible gases
• Exposed to a strong electromagnetic eld or electrostatic charge
• Near induction heating systems (such as high-frequency induction heating
systems and IH cooking equipment)
• Susceptible to vibration
• Exposed to water, oil, chemicals, or solvents
• Exposed to high humidity or condensation
• Exposed to high quantities of dust particles
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4
WARNING
5
6
7
CAUTION
Do not place the instrument on an unstable table or an inclined place. Dropping or
knocking down the instrument can cause injury or damage to the instrument.
Handling the Instrument
CAUTION
To avoid damage to the instrument, protect it from physical shock when transporting and
handling. Be especially careful to avoid physical shock from dropping.
This instrument may cause interference if used in residential areas.
Such use must be avoided unless the use takes special measures to reduce electromagnetic emissions to
prevent interference to the reception of radio and television broadcasts.
8
9
10
Appx. Ind.
7
Operating Precautions
Handling Cords and Cables
If the insulation on a cord or cable melts, the metal conductor may be exposed. Do
not use any cord or cable whose metal conductor is exposed. Doing so could result
in electric shock, or other hazard.
The cord and cable are hardened under the 0 degree or colder environment. Do not bend
or pull them to avoid tearing their shield or cutting them.
Using Voltage Cords
To prevent an electric shock, conrm that the white portion (insulation layer) inside
the cable is not exposed. If a color inside the cable is exposed, do not use the
cable.
DANGER
CAUTION
DANGER
WARNING
• Use only the specied voltage cords. Using a non-specied cord may result in
electric shock or short circuits.
• Avoid contact between the cord and the measured line in order to protect the
cord from damage. Any contact can cause the instrument to malfunction and lead
to short-circuits or electric shock.
8
Using Battery Pack
• To avoid the possibility of explosion, do not short circuit, disassemble or
incinerate battery pack. Battery may explode if mistreated. Handle and dispose of
batteries in accordance with local regulations.
• Be sure to observe the following precautions. Incorrect handling may result in
liquid leaks, heat generation, ignition, bursting and other hazards.
• The battery pack contains lye, which may cause blindness if it comes into
contact with the eyes. Should battery liquid get into your eyes, avoid rubbing
them. Flush them with water and seek immediate medical attention.
• When storing the instrument, make sure no objects that could short-circuit the
connectors are placed near them.
• For battery operation, use only the HIOKI Model Z1003 Battery Pack. We do not
take any responsibility for accidents or damage related to the use of any other
batteries.
• To avoid electric shock, turn off the power switch, disconnect all the power and
voltage cords and current sensor from the device to be measured, and replace
the battery pack.
• To prevent the instrument damage or electric shock, use only the screws
(M6×12 mm) for securing the battery cover in place that are originally installed.
If you have lost any screws or nd that any screws are damaged, please contact
your Hioki distributor for a replacement.
Operating Precautions
WARNING
1
2
3
4
5
CAUTION
• Observe the following to avoid damage to the instrument.
• Use the battery pack in an ambient temperature range of 0°C to 50°C and charge it in
an ambient temperature range of 10°C to 35°C.
• If the battery pack fails to nish charging within the stipulated time, disconnect the AC
adapter to stop charging and contact your dealer or Hioki representative.
• Consult your dealer or nearest service station should liquid leaks, strange odor, heat,
discoloration, deformation and other abnormal conditions occur during use, charging
or storage. Should these conditions occur during use or charging, turn off and
disconnect the instrument immediately.
• Do not expose the instrument to water and do not use it in excessively humid
locations or locations exposed to rain.
• Do not expose the instrument to strong impact and do not throw it around.
• Heed the following instructions to avoid battery pack performance drop or leakage.
• The battery pack is a consumable. If you are able to use the instrument for only a limited period of time
despite the battery pack being properly charged, the battery pack’s service life is at an end, and it should be
replaced.
• When a battery pack that has not been used for a long time is used, charging may end before the battery
pack is fully charged. In such a case, repeat charging and discharging a number of time before use. (A
battery pack may also be in such a state immediately after purchase.)
• The life of the battery pack (when capacity is 60% or more of initial capacity) is approximately 500 chargedischarge cycles. (The life differs depending on the conditions of use.)
• To prevent battery pack deterioration when the battery will not be used for 1 month or longer, remove it and
store it in a dry location with an ambient temperature range of between −20°C to 30°C.
• When a battery pack is used, the instrument turns off automatically when the capacity drops. Leaving the
instrument in this state for a long time may lead to over discharge so be sure to turn off the power switch on
the instrument.
• The charging efciency of the battery pack deteriorates at high and low temperatures.
• The battery pack is subject to self-discharge. Be sure to charge the battery pack before initial use. If the
battery capacity remains very low after correct recharging, the useful battery life is at an end.
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10
Appx. Ind.
9
Operating Precautions
Attaching the Strap
Attach the strap securely at 2 locations of the instrument. If insecurely attached, the
instrument may fall and be damaged when carrying.
Using SD Memory Cards
• Do not remove a card while data is being written to it. Doing so may damage the card.
See “10.10 Removing SD Memory Card during Recording” (p. 127).
• Exercise care when using such products because static electricity could damage the SD
card or cause malfunction of the instrument.
IMPORTANT
•
Format the card with the instrument. Using a computer to format the card may reduce the
card’s performance.
See “10.9 Formatting SD Memory Card (Deleting All Files)” (p. 126).
• No compensation is available for loss of data stored on the SD memory card, regardless of the
content or cause of damage or loss. Be sure to back up any important data stored on an SD
memory card.
• Observe the following to avoid corruption or loss of stored data:
• Do not touch the electrical contacts on the card or inside the insertion slot with your skin or
metallic objects.
• While writing or reading data, avoid vibration or shock, and do not turn the power off or
remove the card from the instrument.
• Before formatting (initializing) a card, conrm that it contains no important information (les).
• Do not bend or drop the card, or otherwise subject it to intense shock.
CAUTION
CAUTION
• The operating lifetime of the SD memory card is limited by its ash memory. After long-term or frequent
usage, data reading and writing capabilities will be degraded. In that case, replace the card with a new one.
• If you are unable to write data to an SD memory card, manipulate folders and les, or format the card, check
the position of the write-protect lock and disengage it if necessary.
The connector of the SD memory card is used to judge whether the card is write-protected.
If the write-protected lock is in an intermediate position, the determination of whether the card is writeprotected will depend on the connector. For example, even if the instrument determines that the card is
not write-protected and allows data to be written to it, a computer may determine that it is write-protected,
preventing data from being written to it.
10
Using AC Adapter
• Use only the supplied Model Z1002 AC ADAPTER. AC adapter rated input voltage
range is 100 to 240 V AC at 50/60 Hz. To avoid electrical hazards and damage to
the instrument, do not apply voltage outside of this range.
• Turn the instrument off before connecting the AC adapter to the instrument and
to AC power.
• To avoid electrical accidents and to maintain the safety specications of this
instrument, connect the power cord provided only to an outlet.
Avoid using an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) or DC/AC inverter with rectangular
wave or pseudo-sine-wave output to power the instrument. Doing so may damage the
instrument.
Operating Precautions
WARNING
1
2
CAUTION
3
Turning On the Instrument
Before turning the instrument on, make sure the supply voltage matches that
indicated on its power connector. Connection to an improper supply voltage may
damage the instrument and present an electrical hazard.
• Do not connect the supply voltage improperly. Doing so may damage the instrument’s
internal circuitry.
• If the power does not turn on, the AC adapter or the instrument may be malfunctioning
or the power cord may be disconnected. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or
reseller.
• If an error during the self-test, the instrument is damaged. Contact your authorized Hioki
distributor or reseller.
Using Magnetic Adapter
Persons wearing electronic medical devices such as a pacemaker should not use
the Magnet Adapter. Such persons should avoid even proximity to the Magnet
Adapter, as it may be dangerous. Medical device operation could be compromised,
presenting a hazard to human life.
WARNING
CAUTION
DANGER
4
5
6
7
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9
10
CAUTION
Do not bring the Magnet Adapter near magnetic media such as oppy disks, magnetic
cards, pre-paid cards, or magnetized tickets. Doing so may corrupt and may render
them unusable. Furthermore, if the Magnet Adapter is brought near precision electronic
equipment such as computers, TV screens, or electronic wrist watches, they may fail.
Appx. Ind.
11
Operating Precautions
Wiring
• Do not short-circuit two wires to be measured by bringing the metal part of the
voltage cord clips or current sensor tips into contact with them. Doing so could
result in a severe accident such as arcing.
• To prevent electrical shock and personal injury, do not touch any input terminals
on the VT (PT), CT or the instrument when they are in operation.
• Do not use the instrument with circuits that exceed its ratings or specications.
Doing so may damage the instrument or cause it to become hot, resulting in
bodily injury.
• To avoid electric shock, be careful to avoid shorting live lines with the voltage
cords.
• We recommend measurements at the secondary side of the distribution
panel. Measurements at the primary side cause unrestricted current ow. The
instrument and equipment could be damaged if a short circuit occurs.
• To avoid short circuit or electric shock, do not touch the metal parts of the
voltage cords or current sensor tips.
DANGER
CAUTION
• To avoid damaging the instrument, do not short the voltage cord input terminals or
current sensor input terminals or input any voltage to them.
• To ensure safe operation, use only the voltage cord and current sensor specied by
Hioki.
Displayed values can frequently uctuate due to induction potential even when no voltage is applied. This,
however, is not a malfunction.
Using USB Connector (USB Cable)
CAUTION
• To avoid equipment failure, do not disconnect the USB cable while communications are
in progress.
• Use a common ground for both the instrument and the computer. Using different ground
circuits will result in a potential difference between the instrument’s ground and the
computer’s ground. If the USB cable is connected while such a potential difference
exists, it may result in equipment malfunction or failure.
• If the instrument and computer are both off and connected with the USB cable, turn on the computer and
then the instrument. Powering up the devices in a different order may prevent the instrument and computer
from communicating.
• Copying large data les from the SD memory card to a computer via the instrument’s USB interface can be
time-consuming. When you need to copy a large data le to a computer, it is recommended to use an SD
memory card reader.
12
Connecting the Instrument to an External Device
CAUTION
• Use a common ground for both the instrument and the computer. Using different ground
circuits will result in a potential difference between the instrument’s ground and the
computer’s ground. If the communications cable is connected while such a potential
difference exists, it may result in equipment malfunction or failure.
• Before connecting or disconnecting any communications cable, always turn off the
instrument and the computer. Failure to do so could result in equipment malfunction or
damage.
• After connecting the RS-232C cable, tighten the screws on the connector securely.
Failure to secure the connector could result in equipment malfunction or damage.
Using External I/O Terminals
WARNING
To avoid electric shock or damage to the equipment, always observe the following
precautions when connecting to external terminals or connectors.
• Always turn off the power to the instrument and to any devices to be connected
before making connections.
• Be careful to avoid exceeding the ratings of external terminals and connectors.
• During operation, a wire becoming dislocated and contacting another conductive
object can be serious hazard. Use screws to secure the external connectors.
Operating Precautions
1
2
3
4
5
CD precautions
• Exercise care to keep the recorded side of discs free of dirt and scratches. When writing text on a disc’s
label, use a pen or marker with a soft tip.
• Keep discs inside a protective case and do not expose to direct sunlight, high temperature, or high humidity.
• Hioki is not liable for any issues your computer system experiences in the course of using this disc.
6
7
8
9
10
Appx. Ind.
13
Operating Precautions
14
1
Overview
1.1 Procedure for Investigating Power Quality
By measuring power quality parameters, you can assess the power quality and identify the causes
of various power supply malfunctions. The ability of the instrument to measure all power quality
parameters simultaneously makes this process a quick and simple one.
The following is the description of the investigation process for the power quality.
Step 1: Clarifying the purpose
To nd the cause for the power supply malfunction
A power supply malfunction such as an equipment failure or malfunction has occurred and
you wish to address it quickly.
Go to Step 2 (p. 16).
To assess power supply quality (power quality)
There is no known problem with the power supply, and you just want to assess the power
quality.
• Periodic power quality statistical investigation
• Testing after the installation of electric or electronic equipment
• Load investigation
• Preventive maintenance
1
Overview
Go to Step 3 (p. 16).
Step 2: Identifying the malfunctioning component (measurement
location)
Check the following:
(1) Where is the issue occurring?
• Principal electrical system
Large copier, uninterruptible power supply, elevator, air compressor, air conditioning compressor,
battery charger, cooling system, air handler, time-controlled lighting, variable-speed drive, etc.
• Electric distribution system
Conduit [electrical conduit] damage or corrosion, transformer heating or noise, oil leak, circuit
breaker operation or overheating
(2) When does the issue occur?
• Does it occur continuously, regularly, or intermittently?
• Does it occur at a specic time of the day or on a specic day of the week?
(3) What type of investigation (measurement) should be performed to nd the cause?
• Measure the voltage, current (power) continuously to analyze voltage and current trends when
the issue occurs.
• Concurrent measurements at more than one location
Examples:
• Dedicated systems lines in the electrical substation (can be measured only by the power
companies)
• High-voltage and low-voltage lines of the service entrance
• Distribution panels and switchboards
• Power feeder and outlets of power supply for electric and electronic equipment
15
Procedure for Investigating Power Quality
(4) What is the expected cause?
• Abnormal voltage
RMS value trends, waveform distortion, transient overvoltage
• Abnormal current
Leakage current, inrush current
Step 3: Checking investigation (measurement) locations (collecting
site data)
Collect information (site data) from as many locations as possible to prepare for the investigation.
Check the following:
(1) Wiring
1P2W / 1P3W /
3P3W2M / 3P3W3M / 3P4W
3P4W2.5E (available after the
rmware update)
(3) Frequency
50 Hz/60 Hz
(5) Current capacity
Current capacity is required to
select current sensors used for
the measurements.
(2) Declared input voltage
100 V to 800 V
(4) Is the voltage between the neutral line and ground,
and neutral line current required to be measured?
If the measurements are required, CH4 of the wiring settings
should be set to ON. See p. 48, and p. 64.
(6) Other items related to the whole facility
• Other systems causing power supply malfunctions
• Principal electrical system operating cycle
• Any additions or changes to facility equipment
• Check of the power distribution system in the
facilities
Step 4: Making measurements with the power quality analyzer (measurement procedure)
Measurements are performed using the following procedure:
16
Preparations
Attach accessories and optional equipment required for the measurements to the Power
Quality Analyzer.
See “2 Preparing for Measurement” (p. 35).
Measurement settings/Connections/Wiring*
Congure the conditions required for the measurements and connect voltage cord and
current sensors to the instrument.
Connect the wires to the measuring object and check if there is any mistake.
See “Installation Environment” (p. 7) and “4 Wiring (WIRING Screen)” (p. 47).
Recording settings/Event settings*
Congure the conditions and events required for recording.
If the EVENT indicator on the screen (p. 32) frequently changes to red, too many events
have occurred.
When the number of events reaches 9999 during recording/measurement, subsequent
events will not be recorded (trend recording continues). Adjust the event settings as
required.
See “5 Setting Change (SET UP Screen)” (p. 63).
Measured value check
Press the [MONITOR] key, and use the MONITOR screen to check if there is any problem
with the values measured.
See “6 Verifying the Waveform, Measured Values (MONITOR Screen)” (p. 81).
Recording start*
Press the [START/STOP] key to start recording.
See “7 Recording (Save) (SET UP Screen)” (p. 91).
Analysis/Actions
Procedure for Investigating Power Quality
1
Overview
Continue recording for the period necessary for the analysis, check the state of the power
supply malfunction based on the detected events.
Check while recording
Check after recording is
stopped
Next, take the preventive measures for the power supply malfunction.
(The instrument is effective not only for the power supply investigation but also to check
after taking the measures for the power supply malfunction.)
“8 Verifying the Trends (Fluctuations) in Measured
Values (TREND Screen)” (p. 95), and “9 Checking
Events (EVENT Screen)” (p. 105).
“11 Analysis (with Computer)” (p. 129)
*: Use “Quick Set” for easy and secure setting, and recording start!
The Quick Set allows easy and secure procedure for setting and recording start by following the
navigation of the instrument.
The event settings also allows typical setting by only selecting the menu.
(Menu: Voltage events, Inrush current, Trend record only, EN50160)
See “3 Quick Set” (p. 45), supplied Measurement Guide.
17
Procedure for Investigating Power Quality
Advice for identifying the cause of abnormalities
Record voltage and current trends at the power circuit inlet.
If the voltage drops while the building’s current consumption rises, the likely cause for power
abnormality lies inside the building. If the voltage and current are both low, the cause is likely to lie
outside the building.
It’s extremely important to select the right measurement locations and measure current for
troubleshooting.
Check power trends.
Overloaded equipment can cause problems. By understanding power trends, you can more easily
identify problematic equipment and locations.
See “8 Verifying the Trends (Fluctuations) in Measured Values (TREND Screen)” (p. 95).
Check when the problem occurs.
Equipment that is operating or turning on or off when events (abnormalities) are recorded may be
the cause of malfunction. By understanding the precise times at which events start and stop, you
can more easily identify problematic equipment and locations.
See “9 Checking Events (EVENT Screen)” (p. 105).
Check for heat and unusual sounds.
Motors, transformers, and wiring may produce heat or unusual sounds due to causes such as
overloading or harmonics.
18
Product Overview
1.2 Product Overview
The PQ3100 Power Quality Analyzer is a measuring instrument used to manage power quality and
identify abnormalities of the power line to analyze the cause of the trouble.
All parameters can be recorded
simultaneously.
Trends and power abnormalities (events) of all parameters
can be recorded simultaneously.
The instrument guides the procedures.
The Quick Set function allows proper and easy item
settings and connections required for measurements by
following the steps.
1
Overview
See “3 Quick Set” (p. 45), Measurement Guide (provided
separately).
Data can be easily analyzed and reported.
The data loaded to a computer can be easily analyzed and
reported with the supplied software.
See “11 Analysis (with Computer)” (p. 129) and “12 Communications (USB/LAN/RS-232C)”
(p. 137).
19
Features
1.3 Features
Long-term event waveform
recording
DC (Direct Current)
measurements
Easy and secure
Wiring check
Easy analysis and reporting
of data
Safety
High accuracy
4 voltage channels
4 current channels
Transient measurements
Waveforms for up to 11.2 s when event occurs (1 s before event, 0.2 s on
event, 10 s after event) can be saved for power abnormality analysis.
DC voltages can be measured. AC/DC Auto Zero Sensor allows DC current
measurements.
The Quick Set allows easy operations by following the steps for secure
measurements.
Continuous calculation without a gap also allows simultaneous measurements
of all the parameters required for the power quality measurements to securely
identify the phenomenon.
Checks the wiring state. If the instrument has been connected improperly, tips
for correct connections will be displayed by the help function.
The supplied software PQ One allows easy analysis and reporting of the data.
Compatible with CAT III 1000 V and CAT IV 600 V
Voltage measurement accuracy of ±0.2% rdg.
Complies with the IEC61000-4-30 Class S international power quality standard
Measurements for voltage between neutral line and ground, and neutral line
current are available for 3-phase 4-wire wiring.
Transient measurements for 5 kHz to 40 kHz, up to 2200 V
3-channel simultaneous
∆V10 icker measurement
Simultaneous measurement
of line voltage and phase
voltage for 3-phase
Extensive lineup of current
sensors
Ability to operate for about
8 hours on battery power
Broad operating
temperature range
Saving to SD memory cards
TFT color LCD
Communications
functionality
(Available after the rmware update)
3-channel simultaneous ∆V10 icker measurement is available.
For 3-phase 3-wire 3-watt meter measurement (3P3W3M) and 3-phase 4-wire
measurement (3P4W), both line voltage and phase voltage are measured and
output.
Line voltage or phase voltage, whichever is selected, is displayed.
You can choose the best current sensors for your measurement application
ranging from leakage currents to a maximum rating of 6,000 A.
The instrument can feed the power to both Flexible Current Sensor and AC/
DC Auto-Zero Sensor enabling you to make long-term measurements without
worrying about the power supply.
Even when AC power is not available, the supplied battery pack can be used
for about 8 hours of measurement.
Operating temperature range is from −20°C to 50°C.
However, the operating temperature range is from 0°C to 50°C when Battery
Pack is used.
Data can be continuously recorded to an optional 2 GB or an 8 GB memory
card for up to one year.
The instrument uses an LCD that is easy to see in both dim and bright
conditions.
The instrument includes standard USB and Ethernet interfaces to connect a
computer for the following operations.
• To congure the instrument using a computer.
• To download data from the instrument to the computer.
• To operate the instrument remotely.
See “12 Communications (USB/LAN/RS-232C)” (p. 137).
20
1.4 Names and Functions of Parts
Names and Functions of Parts
Front
1
2
No. Name and description Reference
Display
1
6.5″ TFT color LCD
Function key ([F1] to [F5] key)
2
Select and change display contents and settings.
Operation keys
Screen switching
key
START/STOP LED
Flashing green: When
in the recording
standby state
Solid green: When
recording
p. 24
—
1
Overview
Keys Description Reference
Displays and changes the MONITOR screen (waveform and measured values). p. 81
Displays and changes the TREND screen (time series trend graphs). p. 95
Displays and changes the EVENT screen (event status).
(Version upgrade supported for switching)
Displays and changes the WIRING screen (wiring settings, wiring check). p. 47
Displays and changes the SET UP screen (settings). p. 63
Displays and changes the FILE screen (SD memory card/internal memory). p. 115
Displays and changes the QUICK SET screen.
Pressing this key during recording allows checking the current main settings.
An event occurs at the timing when this key is pressed during recording.
The voltage and current waveforms and measured values when an event occurs
are recorded.
Moves the cursor on the screen. Scrolls through graphs or waveforms.
: Selects items on the screen and accepts changes.
Cancels any selections or changes made and reverts to the previous settings.
Switches to the previous screen.
Pressing and holding this key for at least 3 s activates the key lock function. (Same
operation for unlock)
p. 105
p. 45
Measure-
ment Guide
—
—
—
Outputs the image of the currently displayed screen to the SD memory card. p. 121
Starts and stops recording. p. 91
21
Names and Functions of Parts
Upper
“4.3 Connecting Voltage
Cords to Instrument”
(p. 51)
No. Name Description Reference
Voltage input terminal
1
Current input terminal Connects optional current sensors. p. 52
2
Left
1
“4.4 Connecting Current
Sensors and Conguring
Current Sensor Settings”
(p. 52)
Connects supplied L1000-05 voltage cord to one of
the jacks.
3 4
21
2
p. 51
5
No. Name Description Reference
Strap eyelet Attaches the strap. p. 39
1
POWER Switch Turns the instrument on and off. p. 44
2
AC adapter connection jack Connects the AC adapter. p. 43
3
CHARGE LED Lights up when the Z1003 Battery Pack is charging. p. 38
4
Hook for AC adapter Loops the AC adapter cord through these hooks. p. 43
5
22
Names and Functions of Parts
5 6
Right
No. Name Description Reference
External I/O terminals
1
1 2 3
Uses commercially available wires to connect with
external devices.
4
p. 147
1
Overview
2
3
4
5
6
Back
RS-232C interface
LAN interface Connects to a computer using the LAN cable. p. 138
USB port Connects to a computer using the supplied USB cable. p. 131
SD memory card slot
Strap eyelet Attaches the strap. p. 39
Connects to a computer using the optional RS-232C
cable.
Inserts an SD memory card. Be sure to close the cover
when recording.
“Installing the battery pack” (p. 38)
p. 145
p. 42
2
1
3
4
No. Name Description Reference
Displays the instrument’s unique MAC address. This
MAC address label
1
Label
2
Serial No.
3
Battery compartment
4
address is used when conguring a LAN connection.
Do not remove the label as the information is
necessary for managing the device.
Indicates the warning, CE mark, KC mark, WEEE
Directive mark, and manufacturer.
Do not remove the label as the information is
necessary for managing the device.
Installs the supplied Z1003 Battery Pack within the
compartment.
p. 138
—
—
p. 38
23
Screen Conguration
1.5 Screen Conguration
Displaying and switching screens
Use operation keys (screen switching key) Use [F1] (SCREEN) key to switch screens
Screen example: MONITOR screen
1
The screens consist of seven screens each of which
corresponds to the operation keys.
The screen corresponding to the key pressed is displayed.
The screen can be switched by pressing the key
repeatedly.
Screen name
2
24
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