Hioki L9257 Instruction Manual

CM3286

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

CM3286-01

AC CLAMP POWER METER

Safety Notes

When using for the first time

Power Measurement
Integrated Measurement
Auto Hold

Troubleshooting

Nov. 2020 Revised edition 3
CM3286A961-03 20-11H

p.5

p.29
p.40
p.48

p.65

Instruction Manual



EN

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Contents

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1

Options (sold separately) ........................................................................................ 4

Safety Notes .............................................................................................................. 5

Usage Notes .............................................................................................................. 9

Part Names .............................................................................................................. 15

Operation keys........................................................................................................ 16

■Rotary switch ................................................................................................... 17

Power-on Option Table (buzzer sound, resetting the instrument to the

■

factory settings, etc.) ....................................................................................... 18

Insert / Replace Batteries....................................................................................... 20

Inspection Before Measurement ........................................................................... 21

Screen / Basic Operation ....................................................................................... 22

■Screen display ................................................................................................. 23

■Switching the information shown on the measurement display ....................... 24

CM3286A961-03

i

Contents

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Connecting the Clamp and Clips .......................................................................... 27

Current/Voltage Measurement (Frequency)

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)......................................................... 29

■AC single-phase measurement (1P2W)

■AC single-phase measurement (1P3W)

■AC 3-phase measurement (3P3W, balanced)

■AC 3-phase measurement (3P3W, unbalanced)

■AC 3-phase measurement (3P4W, balanced)

■AC 3-phase measurement (3P4W, unbalanced)

Phase Detection [Phase Detect]........................................................................... 38

Single-phase Active Energy Measurement (Integrated Measurement)

[Setting Wh] ............................................................................................................ 40

Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting Wh] ...................... 42

■Setting the desired meter constant .................................................................. 46

Manual Hold / Auto Hold ........................................................................................ 48

Switching Ranges ................................................................................................... 51

MAX/ MIN/ AVG ........................................................................................................ 52

ii

[ ] .................................28

[var VA W] ............................................... 29

[var VA W] ............................................... 30

[3PW] ............................................ 31

[3PW] ....................................... 32

[3PW] ............................................ 34

[3PW] ....................................... 35

Backlight / Auto Power Save (APS) ...................................................................... 55

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Measurement Using the Clamp Adapter .............................................................. 56

®

Bluetooth

Communications (only for CM3286-01) ............................................. 57

■Installing the application software GENNECT Cross....................................... 58

■Turning on the Bluetooth

■Pairing the app with the CM3286-01 ............................................................... 60

■Making measurements with the Bluetooth

Repairs, Inspections, and Cleaning ...................................................................... 63

Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................... 65

Specications ......................................................................................................... 71

■General Specications .................................................................................... 71

■Input/Output/Measurement Specications ...................................................... 73

■Harmonic Measurement Specications (only for CM3286-01) ........................ 76

■External Interface (Bluetooth®) Specications ................................................. 78

■Application Software Specications ................................................................ 78

Accuracy Table ....................................................................................................... 79

Equations ................................................................................................................ 91

Contents

®

function .................................................................. 59

®

function ....................................... 61

iii

Contents

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

iv

Introduction

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Thank you for purchasing the Hioki CM3286/CM3286-01 AC Clamp Power Meter. To obtain
maximum performance from the instrument over the long term, be sure to read this manual
carefully and keep it handy for future reference.

This clamp power meter provides functionality for measuring AC current, voltage, power, and
frequency as well as for detecting phase.
The CM3286-01 also provides Bluetooth® communications functionality, allowing measurement
data to be monitored and logged from a smartphone or tablet.

The instrument screen displays the alphanumeric characters as follows.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

Introduction

1

Introduction

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Package contents

When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during
shipping. In particular, check the accessories, panel switches, and connectors. If damage is

evident, or if it fails to operate according to the specications, contact your authorized Hioki

distributor or reseller.

Model CM3286 or CM3286-01



AC Clamp Power Meter

Precautions during shipment

Handle it carefully so that it is not damaged due to a vibration or shock.

2

Accessories

 Model L9257 Connection Cord

(Model L4930 Connection Cable Set (1.2 m)
+ Model L4935 Alligator Clip Set)
CAT IV 600 V, CAT III 1000 V, CAT II 1000 V, 10 A

Model C0203 Carrying Case



LR03 Alkaline battery ×2



Instruction Manual



Precautions Concerning Use of Equipment



That Emits Radio Waves
(only for the CM3286-01)

(p. 8)

Trademarks

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

• Bluetooth® is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG, Inc.(USA). The trademark is used by
HIOKI E.E. CORPORATION under license.

• Android and Google Play are trademarks of Google, Inc.

• IOS is a registered trademark of Cisco in the U.S. and other countries.

• iPhone, iPad, iPad mini, iPad Pro, and iPod Touch are trademarks of Apple Inc.

Accuracy

We dene measurement tolerances in terms of f.s. (fullscale), rdg. (reading), and dgt. (digit) values, with the

following meanings:

f.s. (maximum display
value or range)

rdg. (displayed value) The value currently being measured and indicated on the measuring instrument.

dgt. (resolution)

Introduction

The maximum displayable value. This is usually the name of the currently selected
range.

The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring instrument, i.e., the input value

that causes the digital display to show a "1" as the least-signicant digit.

3

Options (sold separately)

9243 graber

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

L4934 小ワニグチ

マグネ付ストラップ

DM4910 熱電対

DT4911TestLead

DT4912TestLead

L4930 接続ケーブル

9243 graber

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

L4934 小ワニグチ

マグネ付ストラップ

L9207-10

DM4910 熱電対

DT4911TestLead

DT4912TestLead

L4930 接続ケーブル

L4931renketu

9243 graber

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

L4934 小ワニグチ

マグネ付ストラップ

L9207-10

DM4910 熱電対

DT4911TestLead

DT4912TestLead

L4930 接続ケーブル

L4931renketu

L4931 延長ケーブル

L4932(+9207-10cap)

L4933 コンタクトピン

L4935 ワニ口

9243 graber

L4937 マグネットアダプ

9243 graber

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

L4934 小ワニグチ

マグネ付ストラップ

L9207-10

DM4910 熱電対

DT4911TestLead

DT4912TestLead

L4930 接続ケーブル

L4931renketu

L4931 延長ケーブル

L4932(+9207-10cap)

L4933 コンタクトピン

L4935 ワニ口

L4936 バスバー

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

9243 graber

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

L4934 小ワニグチ

マグネ付ストラップ

L9207-10

DM4910 熱電対

DT4911TestLead

DT4912TestLead

L4930 接続ケーブル

L4931renketu

L4931 延長ケーブル

L4932(+9207-10cap)

9243 graber

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

L4934 小ワニグチ

マグネ付ストラップ

L9207-10

DM4910 熱電対

DT4911TestLead

DT4912TestLead

L4930 接続ケーブル

L4931renketu

L4931 延長ケーブル

L4932(+9207-10cap)

L4933 コンタクトピン

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

L4934 小ワニグチ

L4937 マグネットアダプ
タ

L4934 小ワニグチ

マグネ付ストラップ

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Options (sold separately)

L9207-10 Test Lead

L4930 Connection Cable Set

(1.2 m)

IV 600 V, CAT III

IV 600 V, CAT III
III 1000
III 600

V, 5 A

III 300 V/ CAT II

AC, 60 V DC, 3 A

V, 2 A

L4931 Extension Cable Set

(1.5 m, with the coupling connector)

( : See p. 8)

*1: CAT

CAT II 1000 V, 10 A

*2: CAT
*3: CAT
*4: CAT
*5: CAT

*6 :

30 V

4

1

*

1000 V,

1000 V, 10 A

600 V, 3 A

2

*

2

*

L4933 Contact Pin Set

L4934 Small Alligator Clip Set

L4935 Alligator Clip Set

L9243 Grabber Clip

L4936 Bus Bar Clip Set

L4937
9804

L4932 Test Pin Set

L4938 Test Pin Set

CAT III

600 V, CAT II 600 V, 10 A

*7:

Can also be connected to the tip

*8:

of the L4932.

CAT II 1000 V, 1 A

*9:
*10:

CAT IV 1000 V, 2 A

*11:

CAT III 600 V, 10 A

*

Magnetic Adapter Set
Magnetic Adapter

*

*

L4939

Breaker Pin Set

9290-10
Clamp On Adapter

*12:

CAT III 600 V, 1000 A

8

*6,*

8

*5,*

2

*

9

4

*

3

*

10

*

1

7

11

*

12

*

Safety Notes

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

This instrument is designed to conform to IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been
thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment. However, using the instrument in a way not
described in this manual may negate the provided safety features.
Before using the instrument, be certain to carefully read the following safety notes.

Mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well as damage
to the instrument. Be certain that you understand the instructions and
precautions in the manual before use.

With regard to the electricity supply, there are risks of an electric shock, a heat

generation, a re, and an arc ash due to short‑circuit. Individuals using an
electrical measuring instrument for the rst time should be supervised by a

technician who has experience in electrical measurement.

Safety Notes

DANGER

WARNING

5

Safety Notes

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Protective gear
This instrument is measured on a live line. To prevent an electric shock, use

appropriate protective insulation and adhere to applicable laws and regulations.

Notation

In this document, the risk seriousness and the hazard levels are classied as follows.

DANGER

WARNING

CAUTION

6

WARNING

Indicates an imminently

hazardous situation that will result

in death or serious injury to the
operator.

Indicates a potentially hazardous

situation that may result in death
or serious injury to the operator.

Indicates a potentially hazardous

situation that may result in minor
or moderate injury to the operator
or damage to the instrument or
malfunction.

IMPORTANT

Indicates information related
to the operation of the
instrument or maintenance
tasks with which the
operators must be fully
familiar.

Indicates prohibited actions.

Indicates the action which
must be performed.

Symbols afxed to the instrument

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Indicates cautions and hazards.

When the symbol is printed on the
instrument, refer to a corresponding
topic in the Instruction Manual.

Indicates that dangerous voltage may
be present at this terminal.

Indicates that the instrument may be
connected to or disconnected from a
live conductor.

Indicates a instrument that has been
protected throughout by double
insulation or reinforced insulation.

Indicates that the product incorporates
Bluetooth

Indicates the ID number of the

FCC ID

wireless module certied by the U.S.

Federal Communications Commission
(FCC).

®

wireless technology.

Indicates AC (Alternating Current).

Indicates DC (Direct Current).

Indicates a grounding terminal.

Indicates the Waste Electrical and
Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE
Directive) in EU member states.

Indicates that the product conforms to
regulations set out by the EU Directive.

Indicates the identication number of a

IC

wireless module approved by Industry
Canada (IC).

Safety Notes

7

Safety Notes

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Measurement categories

To prevent an electric shock, do not exceed the lower of the ratings shown on

the instrument and connecting cords.

Service entrance

Service drop

8

Distribution panel

CAT IV

(≤600 V)

Power meter

DANGER

Internal wiring

CAT III

(≤1000 V)

Fixed installation

CAT II

(≤1000 V)

T

Outlet

Usage Notes

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation and to obtain the full benets of the various

functions.

• Do not use the instrument with circuits that exceed its

ratings or specications. Doing so may damage the

instrument or cause it to become hot, resulting in bodily
injury.

• The instrument must not be used to measure current in

high‑voltage lines (1000 V or more). Attempting to do so
could cause a short‑circuit or accident resulting in injury

or death. Also, do not perform measurement around a bare
conductor.

• To prevent an electric shock, do not touch any areas
beyond the barrier while the instrument is in use.

Usage Notes

DANGER

Barrier

9

Usage Notes

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

• Do not short‑circuit two wires to be measured by bringing the clip or jaw
tip of the connecting cords into contact with them. Arcs or such grave

accidents are likely to occur.

• To prevent an electric shock, be careful to avoid shorting live lines with the
connecting cords tip.

• To prevent a short‑circuit or an electric shock, do not touch the metal part of
the connecting cords tip.

• The maximum measurement current varies with the frequency, and the
current that can be measured continuously is limited. Operating the
instrument at less than this limitation is referred to as derating. Do not

measure currents in excess of the derating curve. Doing so may result in
instrument damage or malfunction, a re, or a burn due to sensor heating.

• It is recommended to make measurements on the secondary side of the
distribution panel. Making measurements on the primary side of the panel,

where currents are higher, poses a higher risk of instrument or equipment
damage in the event of a short‑circuit.

10

DANGER

• Installing the instrument in inappropriate locations may cause a malfunction

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

of instrument or may give rise to an accident. Avoid the following locations.

• Exposed to direct sunlight or high temperature

• Exposed to corrosive or combustible gases

• Exposed to a strong electromagnetic eld or electrostatic charge

• Near induction heating systems (such as high‑frequency induction heating

• Susceptible to vibration

• Exposed to water, oil, chemicals, or solvents

• Exposed to high humidity or condensation

• Exposed to high quantities of dust particles

• Although this instrument is designed to resist the ingress of dust and

dripping water, it is not entirely waterproof or dustproof. Therefore, to prevent
an electric shock, do not use it in a wet or dusty environment.

•

Battery may explode if mistreated. Do not short‑circuit, recharge, disassemble
or dispose of in re.

Usage Notes

WARNING

systems and IH cooking equipment)

11

Usage Notes

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

• Use only the specied connection cords. Use of any connection cord not

specied by our company does not allow safe measurements.

• To prevent an electric shock, set the rotary switch to the OFF position,

disconnect all connection cords, and remove the instrument from the

measurement object before replacing the batteries.

• To prevent instrument damage or an electric shock, use only the screw for

securing the battery cover in place that is originally installed. If you have lost
a screw or nd that a screw is damaged, please contact your authorized Hioki

distributor or reseller for replacement.

• Options may include connection cords which uses sleeves. To prevent

a short‑circuit accident, be sure to use the connection cords with the
sleeves attached when performing measurements in the CAT III or CAT IV

measurement categories. (See "Measurement categories" (p. 8))

• If the sleeves are inadvertently removed during measurement, stop the
measurement.

12

WARNING

• To avoid damage to the instrument, protect it from physical shock when

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

transporting and handling it. Be especially careful to avoid physical shock due to
dropping it.

• Do not place foreign objects between jaws or insert foreign objects into the gaps of
the sensor head. Doing so may worsen the performances of the sensor or interfere
with clamping action.

• Poor performance or damage from battery leakage could result. Observe the
cautions listed below.

• Keep the jaw closed when not in use, to avoid accumulating dust or dirt on the
facing core surfaces, which could interfere with clamp performance.

• The cord is hardened in freezing temperature. Do not bend or pull it to avoid
tearing its shield or cutting cord.

IMPORTANT

Inverter secondary-side waveforms and waveforms that include a large noise component may not be
measured accurately.

Usage Notes

CAUTION

• Do no mix old and new batteries, or different types of batteries.

• Be careful to observe the battery polarity during installation.

• Do not use batteries after their recommended expiry date.

• Do not leave depleted batteries inside the instrument.

• Replace batteries only with the specied type.

13

Usage Notes

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Current measurement precautions

Do not touch.

Do not pinch wire
between jaws.

14

NO

NO

Do not clamp
around two wires.

NO

Do not input

excessively high
currents or voltages.

NO

(Flashes red)

Part Names

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Front

Lever

(CM3286-01)

Jaw

Barrier*

Rotary switch

Part Names

Rear

Battery cover

(p. 12)

LCD

* Do not touch any areas beyond the barrier while the instrument is in use.

HOLD key

SHIFT key

(Selects function indicated in
blue lettering.)

Operation keys

Voltage input terminal

(p. 9)

L9257 Connection Cord

Alligator clip

(p. 8)

Barrier*

Connector

Cord

Sleeve

15

Operation keys

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Operation keys

Key Short press Long press (1 sec.)

Activates/cancels manual hold operation p. 48
Start/stop integration, clears the integrated
energy value (during energy measurement)
Switches the setting (when setting meter

HOLD

SHIFT

RANGE

MAX/MIN

16

constants)
Switches from the connection display to
the measurement display (during 3-phase
power measurement)

Switches the information shown on the
measurement display

Switches ranges p. 51

Count up (when setting meter constants) p. 46

Displays and switches MAX/MIN/AVG value

Count down (when setting meter constants)

Toggles the display backlight on and off p. 55

p. 41

Activates/cancels automatic hold

p. 46

operation

p. 22

Switches between 3-phase/3-wire
and 3-phase/4-wire measurement

p. 24

during 3-phase power measurement
(setting is not stored)

High speed count up (when setting
meter constants)

p. 52

Cancels the display of MAX/MIN/AVG value

High speed count down (when setting

p. 46

meter constants)

Enables/disables external
communications (Bluetooth®) (only
for CM3286-01, setting is stored)

p. 48

p. 34
p. 35

–

p. 52

–

p. 59

Rotary switch

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

"Phase Detection [Phase Detect]" (p. 38)

• "AC 3-phase measurement (3P3W, balanced) [3PW]" (p. 31)

• "AC 3-phase measurement (3P3W, unbalanced) [3PW]" (p. 32)

• "AC 3-phase measurement (3P4W, balanced) [3PW]" (p. 34)

• "AC 3-phase measurement (3P4W, unbalanced) [3PW]" (p. 35)

• "Single-phase Active Energy Measurement (Integrated Measurement) [Setting Wh]" (p. 40)

• "Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting Wh]" (p. 42)

• "AC single-phase measurement (1P2W) [var VA W]" (p. 29)

• "AC single-phase measurement (1P3W) [var VA W]" (p. 30)

"Current/Voltage Measurement (Frequency) [ ]" (p. 28)

Turns off the instrument.

Operation keys

When functions other than OFF is selected, the instrument turns on.
Select the desired function.

17

Operation keys

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Power‑on Option Table (buzzer sound, resetting the instrument to the

factory settings, etc.)

+

Switching the auto power save
(APS) function (p. 55)

Displaying product information
or displaying all indicators

(Display varies depending on the

position of the rotary switch.)

Switching between balanced and
unbalanced operation (during AC

3‑phase power measurement)

Buzzer sound (ON/OFF) –

Switching the auto backlight off

function (p. 55)

Turn on the power while pressing the operation key.
(Turn the rotary switch from OFF.)

Setting See Operating instruction

18

Factory

setting

–

3PW: Serial number

–

Wh: Model number
W: Version of software
Besides the above: Displays all indicators

p. 32

p. 35

– ON Yes

3PW

retained?

ON –

– –

– –

ON Yes

Setting

Setting See Operating instruction

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Operation keys

Factory

setting

Setting

retained?

Selecting the CT ratio p. 56

Reset to the factory setting –

1/1 Ye s

– –

19

Insert / Replace Batteries

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Insert / Replace Batteries

Fully charged.

As the battery charge diminishes, black charge bars disappear, one by one, from the left of the
battery indicator.

The battery voltage is low. Replace the batteries as soon as possible.

The instrument may lose power when the backlight turns on, when a buzzer sounds, etc.

The battery is exhausted. Replace with new batteries.

(Flashes)

Required items: No. 2 Phillips screwdriver and LR03 Alkaline battery ×2
Recommended screw tightening torque: 0.7 N・m

1
5

20

Exercise care to orient batteries properly.

4

2

3

Inspection Before Measurement

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Inspection Before Measurement

Verify that the instrument operates normally to ensure that no damage occured during storage

or shipping. If you nd any damage, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.

Check item

The battery cover is closed and its screw



has been securely tightened.

There is no foreign matter on the voltage



input terminals. (p. 15)

The battery voltage (p. 20) is sufcient.



There is no damage to the connection cords insulation,



and neither the white sheathing nor metal conductor
inside the wire are exposed.

The instrument is neither damaged nor cracked.



No indicators are missing.



→

(All indicators displayed)

21

Screen / Basic Operation

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Screen / Basic Operation

Setting the rotary switch to a position other than OFF causes the instrument to turn on and the
screen to activate. e.g.: During balanced 3-phase 3-wire active power measurement

Displays the connection locations for 3-phase
power measurement and phase detection.
Connects the wire.

Wire around which to clamp instrument

Wires to which to clip connection cords

IMPORTANT

If measured with a wrong wire connection, a correct value does not appear.

22

Connection display Measurement display

Displays the measured value.

Black Red

Screen display

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

(All indicators displayed)

"Error display" (p. 67)
"Warning display" (p. 67)

* The key lock feature may be activated

according to the usage state of the
application software.

Screen / Basic Operation

Appearing: Bluetooth® communications
function enabled
Flashing: Bluetooth
(only for CM3286-01)

,

Connection type (not shown during single­phase measurement)

Unbalanced mode operation (not shown
during balanced mode operation)

Manual range operation (not shown during
auto-range operation)

CT ratio (not shown during 1/1)

Measured value held

Auto power-off enabled

Current RMS value or voltage RMS value
exceeded range

Key lock enabled*

®

communications active

23

Screen / Basic Operation

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Switching the information shown on the measurement display

Able to switch using the SHIFT key (Excluding the and functions).

How to use this chart:

(Sub1 display)

FREQ

U

(Main display)

I

RMS

(Sub2 display)

–

(Sub3 display)

I

|PEAK|

Sub1
display

Main
display

Rotary switch

Current (frequency)

Voltage (frequency)

FREQ

: Current frequency

I

FREQ

: Voltage frequency

U

24

Current Voltage

FREQ

–

I

I

RMS

I

|PEAK|

I

RMS

U

RMS

FREQ

U

U

RMS

U

–

|PEAK|

: Current RMS value

: Voltage RMS value

Sub2 display

I

: Current peak value

|PEAK|

U

: Voltage peak value

|PEAK|

(All
indicators
displayed)

Sub3 display

Rotary switch

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Voltage/Power

factor

Balance

1

mode*

Unbalance

3

mode*

P

: Single-phase active power

S

: Single-phase apparent power

Q

: Single-phase reactive power

PF

: Power factor

: Zero-cross phase angle 1

φ

1

Screen / Basic Operation

Active power

(Main display)

U

RMSIRMS

U

RMSIRMS

P

P

1

Apparent power Reactive power Power factor Zero-cross phase angle

PF PF PF P P

P S Q PF

1

PF

+

U

2

*

P

3P

P

3

P

P

+

2

P

RMSIRMS

U

RMSIRMS

3

S

2

P1

: Active power 1

S

: Apparent power 1

1

Q

: Reactive power 1

1

PF

: Power factor 1

1

: Zero-cross phase

φ

2

angle 2

2

PF

*

S

3P

S

3

S

S

+

+

1

2

1

U

RMSIRMS

2

PF

*

Q

3P

U

RMSIRMS

Q

3

S

3

S

Q

Q

+

+

1

2

Q

2

1

P2

: Active power 2

S2

: Apparent power 2

Q2

: Reactive power 2

PF2

: Power factor 2

: Zero-cross phase

φ

3

angle 3

U

RMSIRMS

P

3P

*2

PF

3P

U

RMSIRMS

PF

3

P

P

+

+

1

Q

3

Q

2

2

S

S

+

+

1

2

PF1PF

U

RMSIRMS

U

RMSIRMS

P

3

S

3

φ

2

1

P3

: Active power 3

S3

: Apparent power 3

Q3

: Reactive power 3

PF3

: Power factor 3

φ

P

3P

*2

φ

3P

φ

3

–

φ

2

25

Screen / Basic Operation

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

P3P:

Balanced 3-phase active power

S

:

Balanced 3-phase apparent power

3P

Q

:

Balanced 3-phase reactive power

3P

PF

:

Balanced 3-phase power factor

3P

: Zero-cross phase angle

φ

Notes(*) for table

*1 Value of the measured phase will be calculated and displayed.
*2 Different calculation methods are used for 3-phase/3-wire and 3-phase/4-wire circuits. For more

information, see the list of equations.

*3 Only 3-phase active power (

3-phase/3-wire circuits.

26

P

P

+

), active power 1 (

1

2

P

:

P

P

Unbalanced 3-phase active power

+

+

1

2

3

S

:

S

S

Unbalanced 3-phase apparent power

+

+

1

2

3

Q

:

Q

Q

Unbalanced 3-phase reactive power

+

+

1

2

3

P

P

P

+

+

1

2

3

S

φ

3P

P

), and active power 2 (

1

: Unbalanced 3-phase power factor

S

S

+

+

1

2

3

: 3-phase zero-cross phase angle

P

) are measured for

2

–

P

P

+

1

2

P

P

2

1

Connecting the Clamp and Clips

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Connecting the Clamp and Clips

Clamp

Current direction

Power supply

Align the current direction mark with
the direction of the current.

side

Load

side

Clip (Alligator)

Connect to metal part.

Clip (Magnetic adapter)

Connect to metal part.

(If unable to connect the magnetic adapter so that it sits
perpendicular to the terminal due to the weight of the voltage cord,
connect it at an angle so as to balance it against the weight of the
cord.)

27

Current/Voltage Measurement (Frequency) [ ]

N

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Current/Voltage Measurement (Frequency)

1

*

"Switching the information
shown on the measurement
display" (p. 24)

If the screen turns red:
"Warning display" (p. 67)

The frequency display ashes

when frequency exceeds

999.9 Hz.

28

Current measurement

L/R/A

Clamp

2

Power supply side

Voltage measurement

Red

L/R/A

Clip

2

Black

Power supply side

N

[ ]

Load side

Measurement
display*

Load side

Measurement
display*

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

AC single‑phase measurement (1P2W)

1

*

"Switching the information shown on
the measurement display" (p. 24)

If the screen turns red: "Warning
display" (p. 67)

Clamp

2

and clip

L/R/A

Power supply side

N

[var VA W]

Red

Black

Load side

Measurement display*

29

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

AC single‑phase measurement (1P3W)

1

*

"Switching the information shown on
the measurement display" (p. 24)

If the screen turns red: "Warning
display" (p. 67)

30

Clamp
and clip

2

L1

Black

N

Power supply side

L2

[var VA W]

Red

Measurement display*

Black

Load side

Red

3

Clamp
and clip

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

AC 3‑phase measurement (3P3W, balanced)

1

Connection display (p. 22)

*

"Switching the information shown on
the measurement display" (p. 24)

If the screen turns red: "Warning
display" (p. 67)

When the balanced 3-phase 3-wire zero-cross phase angle is less than −90° or exceeds 90°, the measured

value appears “ – – – – ”.

Clamp and clip

2

L1/R/A

L2/S/B

Power supply side

L3/T/C

[3PW]

Red

Black

Load side

3

Measurement display
(calculation result)*

31

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

AC 3‑phase measurement (3P3W, unbalanced)

1

Connection display 1 (p. 22)

• Proceed to the next step after
verifying that the measured
values shown on measurement
displays 1 and 2 are normal.

• If the screen turns red:
"Warning display" (p. 67)

32

Clamp and clip

2

L1/R/A

Black

L2/S/B

Power supply side

L3/T/C

3

Measurement display
(active power 1)

Red

4

[3PW]

Clamp

5

and clip

Black

Red

Connection display 2

Load side

To next

page

6 7

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

The measured value is cleared and returns to the initial connection display.

Measurement display
(active power 2)

3-phase active power

Active power 1

Active power 2

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

Measurement display (calculation result)
(3-phase active power)

When the active power is
negative, “ − ” appears beside it.

Displays alternately

8

Long press

33

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

AC 3‑phase measurement (3P4W, balanced)

1

More than 1 sec.

Connection display (p. 22)

* "Switching the information shown on the measurement display" (p. 24)

34

2

Clamp
and clip

Red

L1/R/A

L2/S/B

L3/T/C

Power supply side

Black

N

If the screen turns red:
"Warning display" (p. 67)

[3PW]

Load side

Measurement display
(calculation result)*

3

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

AC 3‑phase measurement (3P4W, unbalanced)

1

More than 1 sec.

Connection display 1 (p. 22)

Proceed to the next step after
verifying that the measured values
shown on measurement display 1
is normal.

Clamp and clip

2

Red

L1/R/A

L2/S/B

L3/T/C

Power supply side

N

Black

3

Measurement display 1
(active power 1)

4

[3PW]

5

Red

Black

Clamp
and clip

6

Connection display 2

Load side

To next page

35

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Measurement display 2

(active power 2)

L1/R/A

L2/S/B

L3/T/C

Power supply side

N

7

8

Red

Black

Clamp
and clip

Load side

Connection display 3

To

Proceed to the next step after
verifying that the measured
values shown on measurement
displays 2 and 3 are normal.

36

9

Measurement display 3

(active power 3)

8

To next page

Measurement display 4 (calculation result)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

(3-phase active power)

Power Measurement (Power/Power Factor)

10

• You can switch the information shown on the nal measurement display with the SHIFT key.

See "Switching the information shown on the measurement display" (p. 24)

• If the screen turns red: "Warning display" (p. 67)

Active power 3

Displays

alternately

When the active power
is negative, “ − ” appears
beside it.

The measured value is cleared and returns to the initial connection display.

11

Long press

3-phase active power

Active power 2

Active power 1

37

Phase Detection [Phase Detect]

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Phase Detection

1

Connection display (p. 22)

• The instrument will display
“– – – –” if open phase is detected
or if it is unable to make a
measurement.

• When the input is unstable, the
second connection display will not
show up.

* If not clipped within 10 seconds, it

is unable to make a measurement.

38

[Phase Detect]

Clip

2

L1/R/A

L2/S/B

Black

Power supply side

L3/T/C

Measurement display

Line voltage (1st measurement)

Red

Clip*

3

Black

Red

Connection display

Countdown display

Load side

To next page

Measurement display

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Display of results

Normal phase

Phase Detection [Phase Detect]

Reverse phase

Display appears
in the order of the
arrow.

Line voltage (2nd measurement)

Goes back to the rst display when the HOLD key is pressed.

(Lights red)

39

Single-phase Active Energy Measurement (Integrated Measurement) [Setting Wh]

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Single‑phase Active Energy Measurement

(Integrated Measurement)

1

Set the constant number to OFF.

2

40

or

[Setting Wh]

Clamp and clip

3

L/R/A

Power supply side

N

Black

Red

Load side

To next page

Single-phase Active Energy Measurement (Integrated Measurement) [Setting Wh]

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Set the instrument to power integration mode.

4

Start integration.

5

Stop integration.

6

• When the HOLD key is pressed during integration stop, the integrated energy clears and returns to the
display shown in Step 4.

• The measured values are automatically stored just before the instrument turns off due to low battery voltage.
Next time the instrument is turned on, the saved values will be displayed. (The measured values can be
cleared by pressing the HOLD key.)

• Range is xed when integration
starts. Change the range
before starting to integrate a
large power quantity or for an
extended period of time.

• Only the positive (consumption)
active power is added. Negative
(generation) active power is not
added.

Single-phase active power

Single-phase active energy

Elapsed time

41

Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting Wh]

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Single‑phase Energy Meter Comparison Function

[Setting Wh]

This function allows you to compare the actual energy value (measured value) from an energy meter with the
theoretical value.

There are two ways to start and stop integration:

• Start/stop at 1 cycle based on the energy meter’s instrument constant: 1-cycle mode

• Start/stop based on a xed amount of energy as measured by the energy meter: Fixed energy mode

IMPORTANT

Energy may not be calculated properly in the following circumstances:

• If the power line of the measurement object, instrument connection, or meter constant (for the watt-hour
meter) is set incorrectly.

• If integration is not started and stopped as described above.

• If the instrument is being used outside its operating temperature and humidity range.

• If the instrument is being used in close proximity to a device that emits powerful electromagnetic
radiation or a device that carries an electrical charge.

• If the instrument is being used in close proximity to a device that emits a strong magnetic eld, for
example a transformer, high-current circuit, or wireless device.

42

1‑cycle mode

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Mechanical meter

Once the disc has completed one revolution

Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting Wh]

Electronic meter

When the LED ashes once

Disc

Fixed energy mode

e.g.: With the xed energy set to 0.1 kWh

Start integration

Stop integration

0.1 kWh digit

LED

Start integration

Stop integration

Start integration

Stop integration

43

Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting Wh]

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

1

Select the constant number or

2

xed energy*.

44

or

Clamp and clip

3

L/R/A

Power supply side

Black

Red

N

To next page

* Select xed energy mode if the energy meter’s disc rotates, or if

its LED ashes, quickly.

The constant can be changed.
"Watt-hour meter constants default setting value" (p. 47)
"Setting the desired meter constant" (p. 46)

Load side

Set the instrument to power

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

4

integration mode.

Start integration.

5

Stop integration.

6

When the HOLD key is pressed during integration stop, the integrated energy clears and returns to the display
shown in Step 4.

Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting Wh]

Single-phase active power (measured value)

Elapsed time

Energy (theoretical value)

• Only the positive (consumption) active power is added. Negative
(generation) active power is not added.

• Range is xed when integration starts. Change the range before starting
to integrate a large power quantity or for an extended period of time.

Energy ratio (Measured value/theoretical value)

Energy difference (Measured value − theoretical

value)

Energy (Measured value)

45

Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting Wh]

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Setting the desired meter constant

Set after conducting the procedures 1 and 2 of "Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting
Wh]" (p. 42)

Select the portion you wish to change.

1

Change the value.

2

46

The selected portion will ash.

or

Set the value shown on the meter.

The set value will be stored.

• Press the SHIFT key to go back to the measurement

display.

• The changed nal value will be the setting value.

• "Watt-hour meter constants default setting value" (p. 47)

Watt‑hour meter constants default setting value

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

No.01 to No.10: 1-cycle mode

0.10 kWh to 0.01 kWh: Fixed energy mode

SET No. Setting value

oFF None (single-phase

Updated settings are stored by the instrument.

energy measurement)

01 3200 cyc./1 kWh

02 1600 cyc./1 kWh

03 1200 cyc./1 kWh

04 1000 cyc./1 kWh

05 600 cyc./1 kWh

06 500 cyc./1 kWh

Single-phase Energy Meter Comparison Function [Setting Wh]

Changing the

setting value

Enable:



Disable: –















SET No. Setting value

07 300 cyc./1 kWh

08 250 cyc./1 kWh

09 150 cyc./1 kWh

10 125 cyc./1 kWh

0.10 kWh 0.10 kWh –

0.05 kWh 0.05 kWh –

0.01 kWh 0.01 kWh –

Changing the

setting value

Enable:



Disable: –









47

Manual Hold / Auto Hold

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Manual Hold / Auto Hold

MANUAL HOLD AUTO HOLD

>

Measured value is retained.

(

Pressing the HOLD key again cancels

the measured value hold function.

(

and disappears)

48

To measurement object

appears)

→ ashes.

Press for 1 sec.

To measurement
object

(Measured value

stabilizes.)

Measured value is

automatically retains.

(

Pressing the HOLD key for 1 second cancels the auto hold

function. (

See the next page for auto hold conditions.

appears)

and disappears)

Disconnect

Manual Hold / Auto Hold

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Auto hold conditions

Measured value is automatically retained when the following two conditions are satised:

• When the range over which the measured value is uctuating stabilizes within the uctuation range
described in the table in the next page.

• When the measured value exceeds the threshold value described in the table in the next page.

Ο: Held value

Auto hold
e.g.: 99.0 A

Fluctuation range

Threshold value
e.g.: 6.0 A

Measured
value

Auto hold
e.g.: 100.0 A

Fluctuation range

Fluctuation
range

If the measured value* (voltage, current, or active power) falls below the threshold value once and the
two conditions are satised again after automatic retaining, the measured value at that point will retain
automatically.
* Either the current RMS value or voltage RMS value for power.

Start

End

End

Start

Measurement

Start

End

Time

49

Manual Hold / Auto Hold

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Measurement
function*

AC current Current RMS value

AC voltage Voltage RMS value

Single-phase power,
balanced 3-phase
power

* No auto-hold function is available for single-phase active energy measurement.

50

Fluctuation range Threshold value

6.000 A range: within 60 counts

60.00 A range: within 60 counts

600.0 A range: within 60 counts

within 120 counts

Current and voltage RMS values satisfy
above conditions, and active power is
within 5 counts.

Current RMS value

6.000 A range: 59 counts

60.00 A range: 59 counts

600.0 A range: 59 counts

Voltage RMS value
799 counts

Current and voltage RMS values are
within the above counts.

Switching Ranges

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

e.g.: During current measurement

AUTO range MANUAL 60.00 A range

Switching Ranges

MANUAL 600.0 A range

MANUAL 6.000 A range

51

MAX/ MIN/ AVG

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

MAX/ MIN/ AVG

1

2

: To switch the main display.

(long press) or (switching functions): MAX/MIN/AVG measurement function is cleared.

• Switches to manual range when it is auto range. (

• The MAX/MIN/AVG measurement will be continued during hold function.

• The maximum, minimum, and average function cannot be used during Wh function and phase detect
function operation.

• The maximum, minimum, and average values are automatically stored just before the instrument turns off
due to low battery voltage. Next time the instrument is turned on, the saved values will be displayed. (The
measured values can be cleared by pressing the HOLD key.)

52

To measurement object

Present value

appears)

e.g.:

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

During current measurement

MAX/ MIN/ AVG

*1 The maximum, minimum, and average values for the main display’s measured value is shown.

(However, only the maximum and average values are shown during peak value measurement.

Also, only the maximum and minimum values are shown during zero-cross phase angle measurement.)

*2 Measured value's update time is displayed when maximum or minimum value is shown. Elapsed time

from the start of maximum, minimum, and average function is displayed when present or average value is
shown.

Maximum measured value of the current RMS*

Maximum measured value's time*

2

1

53

MAX/ MIN/ AVG

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

|PEAK|

Measured value

(RMS value)

MAX/MIN/AVG of
the RMS value

AVG: Average value after pressing the MAX/MIN key
MAX: Maximum value after pressing the MAX/MIN key
MIN: Minimum value after pressing the MAX/MIN key
|PEAK|: Maximum value of the absolute value of the waveform during the display update interval

54

MAX

|PEAK|

MIN

Display refresh interval

Waveform

Backlight / Auto Power Save (APS)

30

sec

10

sec

10

sec

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Backlight / Auto Power Save (APS)

Backlight Auto power save (APS)

Backlight OFF

Backlight ON

No operation for approx. 40 sec.: Backlight off

Switching the auto backlight off function: p. 18

(Ordinarily on)

Switching the function: p. 18

sec

30

Power OFF 30 sec. before

min

15

No input and
operation for

Flashes

Power OFF 10 sec. before

sec

10

approx. 15 min.

Power OFF

• Set the rotary switch to OFF when restarting the instrument after the APS function.

• The APS function is disabled while displaying the MAX/MIN/AVG value and
during energy integration.

®

• Bluetooth

communications are treated as an operation for the purpose of the

APS function.

55

Measurement Using the Clamp Adapter

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Measurement Using the Clamp Adapter

A clamp adapter (sold separately) can be used to measure currents that are larger than the rated
input current.

Select the CT ratio.

1

Clamp

3

Clamp adapter
(e.g.: Model 9290-10)

The instrument

56

Conductor

Clamp

2

Rotary switch CT ratio

A 1/1 (not shown)

W 1/10

Wh 1/100

3PW 1/1000

Set the CT ratio as appropriate for the clamp adapter.
(e.g.: For the 9290-10 Clamp on Adapter, 1/10)

Perform measurement.

4

Bluetooth® Communications (only for CM3286-01)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Bluetooth® Communications

The CM3286-01 is a clamp-style meter with Bluetooth® low energy support. When the Bluetooth® function
is enabled, you can review measurement data and create measurement reports on mobile devices (iPhone,
iPad, iPad Mini, iPad Pro, iPod Touch, and Android™ devices). For more information about this functionality,
see the Help function in the application software GENNECT Cross.

Install the GENNECT Cross on your mobile device. (p. 58)

1

Enable the Bluetooth® function on the CM3286‑01. (p. 59)

2

Launch the GENNECT Cross and pair it with the CM3286‑01.

3

(p. 60)

Select the General Measurement, Logging (Recording),

4

Waveform Graph, Electricity Theft Detection, or Harmonic

Analysis function. (p. 61)

(only for CM3286‑01)

Press for 1

sec.

57

Bluetooth® Communications (only for CM3286-01)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Installing the application software GENNECT Cross

Search for “GENNECT Cross” on the App Store from your iPhone, iPad or other Apple device, or on Google
Play from your Android device. Then download and install the GENNECT Cross. You will need an Apple ID to
download the app from the App Store, or a Google account to download the app from Google Play. For more
information about how to register an account, contact the store at which you purchased your device.

• Because the CM3286-01 emit radio waves, use in a country or region where they have not been

approved may be subject to nes or other penalties as a violation of applicable laws or regulations. For

more information, see the attached “Precautions Concerning Use of Equipment That Emits Radio Waves”
or go to our website.

• The CM3286-01 availability is limited to certain countries. For more information, contact your authorized
Hioki distributor or reseller.

®

• Bluetooth

etc.) as well as distance from the oor or ground. To ensure stable measurement, verify adequate signal

strength.

• Although this application software is provided free of charge, downloading or use of the application
software may incur Internet connection charges. Such charges are the sole responsibility of the user.

• This application software is not guaranteed to operate on all mobile devices.

communications range varies greatly with distance from obstructions (walls, metal obstruction,

58

Turning on the Bluetooth® function

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Bluetooth® function OFF Bluetooth® function ON

Bluetooth® Communications (only for CM3286-01)

Press for 1 sec.

icon will ash when the instrument is

connected to a mobile device.

59

Bluetooth® Communications (only for CM3286-01)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Pairing the app with the CM3286‑01

2

• When the app is launched for the rst time (before being paired with any instrument), the Instrument

Settings screen will be displayed.

• While the mobile device is displaying the Instrument Settings screen, simply move it close to a CM3286-

01 to automatically pair it with the instrument (the app can be paired with up to 8 instruments).

• Allow about 5 to 30 seconds for the instrument to pair with the app after being turned on. If the instrument
fails to pair within 1 minute, relaunch GENNECT Cross and cycle the instrument’s power.

60

1

3

Bluetooth® Communications (only for CM3286-01)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Making measurements with the Bluetooth® function

Select the General Measurement, Logging (Recording), Waveform Graph, Electricity Theft Detection,
or Harmonic Analysis function on the Home screen. For more information about each function, see the Help
function in the GENNECT Cross.

General Measurement

Saves measured values from

multiple channels.

Logging (Recording)

Simple logging

(up to 24 hours)

Waveform Graph

Simple oscilloscope

(voltage/current)

61

Bluetooth® Communications (only for CM3286-01)

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Electricity Theft Detection

Creates a result report by measuring current and

62

energy.

Harmonic Analysis

Analyzes levels, content percentages, and total

distortion (voltage, current).

Repairs, Inspections, and Cleaning

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Customers are not allowed to modify, disassemble, or repair the instrument.

Doing so may cause a re, an electric shock, or a injury..

Cleaning

• To clean the instrument, wipe it gently with a soft cloth moistened with water or mild detergent.

• Measurements are degraded by dirt on the mating surfaces of the jaw, so keep the surfaces

clean by gently wiping with a soft, dry cloth.

• Wipe the LCD gently with a soft, dry cloth.

Disposal

Handle and dispose of the instrument and batteries in accordance with local regulations.

Precautions during shipment

Be sure to observe the following precautions:

• To avoid damage to the instrument, remove the batteries, accessories, and options from

the instrument. Moreover, be sure to pack in a double carton. Damage that occurs during
transportation is not covered by the warranty.

• When sending the instrument for repair, be sure to include details of the problem.

Repairs, Inspections, and Cleaning

WARNING

63

Repairs, Inspections, and Cleaning

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Calibrations

The calibration period varies depending on the status of the instrument or installation
environment. We recommend that the calibration period be determined in accordance with the
status of the instrument or installation environment. Please contact your Hioki distributor to have
your instrument periodically calibrated.

64

Troubleshooting

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

If damage is suspected, check the following before contacting your authorized Hioki distributor

or reseller.

Symptom Verication and/or Solution

• The instrument is indicating an

abnormal measured value for
current.

• When readings from the

instrument are compared with
those of another clamp-on current
meter, the measured values differ.

Troubleshooting

• Is the measured current value too small for the instrument’s
measurement range?
Wrap the wire around the jaw one or more times. Each additional
wrap of the wire will increase the measured value, so that wrapping
it once yields a measured value that is twice the actual value and
wrapping it twice yields a measured value that is three times the
actual value.

• Are the tips of the jaw open?

• Is the jaw damaged?
If the sensor is damaged or cracked, it will not be able to measure
current accurately. Send the instrument for repair.

• The instrument cannot accurately measure waveforms that contain
a component that falls outside the frequency characteristics range.

• Since the instrument performs true RMS measurement, it can
accurately measure distorted waveforms. When measuring a
distorted waveform, the measured value will differ from a clamp-on
current meter that uses the averaging method.

65

Troubleshooting

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Symptom Verication and/or Solution

• The current value is larger than
expected.

• A current value is displayed even
though there is no input.

• A sound is being emitted by the
instrument’s jaw.

• The measured value does not
appear.

• No measured value is displayed,
even when the connection cords
are shorted.

66

• The instrument cannot perform measurement accurately in the

presence of a strong magnetic eld from a source such as a nearby

transformer or high-current circuit or in the presence of a strong

electric eld from a source such as a wireless device.

• The jaw may emit sound when measuring AC currents in excess of
approx. 500 A, however, there is no effect on the measurement.

• Insert the connection cords all the way.

• Use the proper measurement method.

If no measured value is displayed after attempting the above two
solutions, the instrument may be broken. Have the instrument
repaired.

Error display

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Error

display

Err 001 ROM error Program

Err 002 ROM error Adjustment data

Err 005 ADC error Hardware malfunction

Err 008

Bluetooth
error

Description Solution

®

Hardware malfunction
(only for CM3286-01)

Warning display

Display Buzzer Cause Solution

Troubleshooting

Repair is necessary. Please contact your

authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.

Flashes

red

–

Measurement resulted in
a negative active power
value.

The instrument may not be
connected properly. Reconnect
the instrument to the circuit
being measured.

67

Troubleshooting

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Display Buzzer Cause Solution

e.g.: for current

measurement

Flashes

red

Intermittent

sound

A current or voltage
exceeding the maximum
input was input to the
instrument.

Stop measurement
immediately as the current or
voltage cannot be measured
by the instrument. For current
measurement, the optional
9290-10 can be used to
measure currents of up to
1000 A AC.
When manual range is 6 A
and 60 A range, this warning
display will not appear.

e.g.: for current

measurement

68

Lights

red

A current or voltage

–

exceeding the range
was input while using a
manual range.

Change the measurement
range or select the AUTO
range.

Troubleshooting

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Display Buzzer Cause Solution

Lights

red

Intermittent

sound

Phase detection
indicated reverse phase.

69

Troubleshooting

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

70

Specications

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

General Specications

Operating environment Indoors, pollution degree 2, altitude up to 2000 m (6562 ft.)

Operating temperature
and humidity

Storage temperature and
humidity

Dustproof and
waterproof

Specications

Temperature −25°C (−13°F) to 65°C (149°F)

Humidity −25°C (−13°F) or higher but less than 40°C (104°F):

80% RH or less
40°C (104°F) or higher but less than 45°C (113°F):
60% RH or less
45°C (113°F) to 65°C (149°F): 50% RH or less
(no condensation)

Temperature −25°C (−13°F) to 65°C (149°F)

Humidity −25°C (−13°F) or higher but less than 40°C (104°F):

80% RH or less
40°C (104°F) or higher but less than 45°C (113°F):
60% RH or less
45°C (113°F) to 65°C (149°F): 50% RH or less
(no condensation)
Remove batteries before storing the instrument.

Grip except lever: IP54 (EN 60529)
Jaw, barrier, lever: IP50 (EN 60529)

71

Specications

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Standards (other
than wireless
communications
functionality)

Power supply LR03 alkaline battery ×2

Continuous operating
time

Interface (only for
CM3286-01)

Dimensions Approx. 82W × 241H × 37D mm (3.23″W × 9.49″H × 1.46″D)

Jaw dimensions Approx. 79W × 20D mm (3.11″W × 0.79″D)

Maximum measurable
conductor diameter

Mass Approx. 450 g (15.9 oz.) (including batteries)

Product warranty period 3 years

Accessories See p. 2

Options See p. 4

72

Safety: EN 61010
EMC: EN 61326

Rated supply voltage: 1.5 V DC ×2
Maximum rated power: 550 mVA

Approx. 25 hours (Backlight display off, Bluetooth
as a referential)
Approx. 18 hours (Backlight display off, Bluetooth
as a referential)

®

Bluetooth

46 mm (1.81″)

4.0LE ( )

®

communication off, at 23°C,

®

communication on, at 23°C,

Input/Output/Measurement Specications

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Basic Specications

Specications

Measurement items

Maximum input current See the frequency derating characteristics (p. 74).

Maximum measuring
voltage

Maximum rated voltage
to earth

Maximum rated voltage
to terminal

Measurement method True RMS measurement with digital sampling

Measurement terminal COM terminal and V terminal

Input impedance 1 M

AC current RMS value/AC current peak value (no polarity)/AC current frequency
AC voltage RMS value/AC voltage peak value (no polarity)/AC voltage frequency
Single-phase active power/Single-phase apparent power/Single-phase reactive
power/Single-phase power factor/Single-phase zero-cross phase angle
Balanced 3-phase active power/Balanced 3-phase reactive power/Balanced
3-phase apparent power/Balanced 3-phase power factor/Balanced 3-phase
zero-cross phase angle
Single-phase active energy (only positive values added)/Phase detection

(up to 200 Hz, 600 A or less; above 200 Hz, 120000 A・Hz or less)

600 V AC

600 V AC (Measurement category IV)
1000 V AC (Measurement category III)
Anticipated transient overvoltage 8000 V

or greater

Ω

73

Specications

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Display update interval 2 times/sec.

Response time 1 sec.

Crest factor 3 or less for current 6 A and 60 A range

Zero-display range • Voltage and current RMS values: 29 counts or less

Frequency derating
characteristics

74

1.6 or less for current 600 A range and voltage 600 V range

• If they fall within the zero-display range, current (voltage) peak values and
active/apparent/reactive power values are shown as zero, while current
(voltage) frequency, power factor, and zero-cross phase values are shown as
“– – – –.”

• A value of 0 is used in single-phase active energy calculations.

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

Maximum input current [A]

0

10 100 1000 10000

Frequency [Hz]

Accuracy Specications

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Specications

Conditions of
guaranteed accuracy

Input conditions for
guaranteed accuracy

Effects of external
magnetic elds

Effects of conductor
position

Temperature coefcient Add “measurement accuracy × 0.1/°C” (excluding 23°C±5°C (73°F±9°F)).

Effects of sensor phase ±1° (50 Hz to 60 Hz)

See “Accuracy Table” (p. 79)

Guaranteed accuracy period: 1 year
Guaranteed accuracy period after adjustment made by Hioki: 1 year
Guaranteed accuracy for temperature and humidity:
23°C±5°C (73°F±9°F), 80% RH or less (no condensation)
Number of jaw open/close cycles: 10000 times or less

Sine wave input

DC/AC 60 Hz, with a 400 A/m external magnetic eld:

0.10 A or less

At all positions around the jaw’s center-point reference: within ±0.5%
(100 A input, f ≤100 Hz)

75

Specications

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Harmonic Measurement Specications (only for CM3286-01)

All operations are performed by the GENNECT Cross application software. The following specications apply
only to use of the GENNECT Cross’s harmonic analysis functionality. Perform sampling of data by instrument
and harmonic analysis calculations by GENNECT Cross.

Measurement
conditions

Measurement
functionality

Analysis window width 1 cycle (50 Hz/60 Hz)

Window type Rectangular

Number of data points
analyzed

Orders analyzed 1st to 30th

Items analyzed Harmonic level

76

Fundamental frequency 50 Hz/60 Hz

AC current/AC voltage (controlled by application software)

256

(RMS values for current harmonics [A], RMS values for voltage harmonics [V])

Harmonic content percentage
(content percentages for current harmonics [%], content percentages for voltage
harmonics [%])

Total harmonic distortion
(THD-F and THD-R for current [%], THD-F and THD-R for voltage [%])

Range (maximum

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

resolution)

Accuracy input range Input of 1% of range or greater for each order

Crest factor 3 or less for the 6 A and 60 A current ranges

Data refresh 5 s (reference value)

Measurement accuracy Harmonic level

AC current 600.0 A

AC voltage 600.0 V (0.1 V)

1.6 or less for the 600 A current range and the 600 V voltage range

(RMS value)

Harmonic content
percentage

Total harmonic
distortion

(0.1 A)

Order Accuracy

1 to 10 ±5.0% rdg. ±10 dgt.

11 to 20 ±10% rdg. ±10 dgt.

21 to 30 ±20% rdg. ±10 dgt.

±1 dgt. for calculations performed using measured values

±1 dgt. for calculations performed using measured values

60.00 A
(0.01 A)

6.000 A
(0.001 A)

Specications

77

Specications

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

External Interface (Bluetooth®) Specications

Display function Display of measured values on a iOS device or a Android device, using

Interface Bluetooth

Antenna power Maximum +0 dBm (1 mW)

Communications range 10 m (line of sight)

Communications
prole

Supported devices Android 4.3 or later, iOS 10 or later (only for Bluetooth

Application Software Specications

Electricity theft
detection function

Harmonic analysis
function

Others

78

®

Bluetooth

GATT (Generic Attribute Prole)

Creates an result report by measuring current and energy in conjunction with the
instrument.

The app analyzes current or voltage harmonics up to the 30th order and displays
the results in graph form.

See the GENNECT Cross specications (data saving, logging (recording),
waveform graph function)

communications.

®

4.0 LE

®

low energy models)

Accuracy Table

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

(1) AC Current Measurement

The current RMS (

Auto range threshold: Range up: Current RMS value greater than 6000 count

AC current RMS

I

)

(

RMS

I

) and current peak value (

RMS

Range down: Current RMS value less than 540 count

Range

(Accuracy guarantee

range)

6.000 A
(0.060 A to 6.000 A)

60.00 A
(0.60 A to 60.00 A)

600.0 A
(6.0 A to 600.0 A)

I

) ranges will change at the same time.

|PEAK|

Resolution Accuracy

Display range

0.001 A

0.000 A to 6.000
A

0.01 A

0.00 A to 60.00 A

0.1 A

0.0 A to 600.0 A

45 Hz ≤ f ≤

66 Hz

±1.3% rdg.
±3 dgt.

±1.0% rdg.
±3 dgt.

66 Hz < f ≤

±2.0% rdg.
±5 dgt.

±1.5% rdg.
±5 dgt.

500 Hz

Accuracy Table

500 Hz < f ≤

1 kHz

±5.0% rdg.
±5 dgt.

±3.0% rdg.
±5 dgt.

–

79

Accuracy Table

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

AC current peak

I

)

I

|PEAK|

)

value (

Zero to Peak

No polarity

(absolute value
of the maximum
wave height
during the
display update
interval)

AC current
frequency

FREQ

(

80

Range

(Accuracy guarantee

range is specied in

terms of current RMS

values.)

6.000 A
(0.060 A to 6.000 A)

60.00 A
(0.60 A to 60.00 A)

600.0 A
(6.0 A to 600.0 A)

Range

(Accuracy guarantee

range)

999.9 Hz
(45.0 Hz to 999.9 Hz)

Resolution Accuracy

Display range

0.01 A

0.00 A to 18.00 A

0.1 A

0.0 A to 180.0 A

1 A

0 A to 1000 A

Resolution Accuracy

Display range

0.1 Hz

45.0 Hz to 999.9
Hz

45 Hz ≤ f ≤

66 Hz

±3.0% rdg. ±5 dgt.

±2.5% rdg. ±5 dgt.

Current frequency values are shown as “– – – –”
when the current RMS value is less than 150
count. Current frequency values of less than

45.0 Hz are shown as “– – – –.”

±0.3% rdg. ±3 dgt.

66 Hz < f ≤

500 Hz

500 Hz < f ≤

1 kHz

±5.0% rdg.
±5 dgt.

±4.0% rdg.
±5 dgt.

–

(2) AC Voltage Measurement

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

AC voltage RMS

U

RMS

)

value (

Range

(Accuracy guarantee

range)

Resolution Accuracy

Display range

45 Hz ≤ f ≤

66 Hz

66 Hz < f ≤

500 Hz

Accuracy Table

500 Hz < f ≤

1 kHz

AC voltage peak

U

|PEAK|

)

value (

Zero to Peak

No polarity

(absolute value
of the maximum
wave height
during the
display update
interval)

600 V
(80.0 V to 600.0 V)

Range

(Accuracy guarantee

range is specied in

terms of current RMS

values.)

600 V
(80.0 V to 600.0 V)

0.1 V

0.0 V to 600.0 V

Resolution Accuracy

Display range

1 V

0 V to 1000 V

±0.7% rdg.
±3 dgt.

45 Hz ≤ f ≤

66 Hz

±2.5% rdg. ±5 dgt.

±1.0% rdg.
±5 dgt.

66 Hz < f ≤

500 Hz

±3.0% rdg.
±5 dgt.

500 Hz < f ≤

1 kHz

±4.0% rdg.
±5 dgt.

81

Accuracy Table

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

AC voltage
frequency

FREQ

)

(

U

Range

(Accuracy guarantee

range)

999.9 Hz
(45.0 Hz to 999.9 Hz)

Resolution

Maximum

display

0.1 Hz

999.9 Hz

Voltage frequency values are shown as “– – – –”
when the voltage RMS value is less than 150
count. Voltage frequency values of less than

45.0 Hz are shown as “– – – –.”

±0.3% rdg. ±3 dgt.

Accuracy

(3) Single-phase power measurement, balanced 3-phase/4-wire power measurement

Auto range threshold: Range up: Current RMS value greater than 6000 count

Range down: Current RMS value less than 540 count

Effective
measuring range

82

Current RMS value

I

(

)

RMS

Voltage RMS value

U

(

)

RMS

0.060 A to 600.0 A

Value must fall within the current measurement range’s guaranteed
accuracy range.

80.0 V to 600.0 V

Frequency 50 Hz/60 Hz

Single-phase

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

active power/

Balanced
3-phase/4-wire
active power

P

)

(P /

(3P4W)

Single-phase
apparent power/
Balanced
3-phase/4-wire
apparent power

S

)

(S /

(3P4W)

Single-phase
reactive power/
Balanced
3-phase/4-wire
reactive power

Q

)

(Q /

(3P4W)

Accuracy Table

Range conguration (minimum resolution) Current range

6.000 A 60.00 A 600.0 A

Voltage range 600.0 V Single-

phase

3-Phase
4-Wire

Accuracy (Power factor =1) Single-

phase

3-Phase
4-Wire

Accuracy ±1 dgt. relative to calculation from measured values

Range conguration For the above active power range conguration, the unit [W]

is replaced by [VA] for apparent power values. For reactive
power values, the unit [W] is replaced by [var].

3.600 kW
(0.001 kW)

10.80 kW
(0.01 kW)

±2.0% rdg.
±7 dgt.

±2.0% rdg.
±3 dgt.

36.00 kW
(0.01 kW)

108.0 kW
(0.1 kW)

±1.7% rdg. ±5 dgt.

±1.7% rdg. ±2 dgt.

360.0 kW
(0.1 kW)

1080 kW
(1 kW)

83

Accuracy Table

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Single-phase
power factor/
Balanced
3-phase/4-wire
power factor

PF / PF

(

(3P4W)

Zero-cross phase
angle (φ)*

* Value is calculated based on the measurement of the zero-cross phase difference for the voltage and

current waveforms (positive [no sign] when the current lags the voltage and negative when the current
leads the voltage).

Accuracy ±1 dgt. relative to calculation from measured values

Range conguration Regeneration −1.000 to −0.001

Consumption 0.000 to 1.000

)

Accuracy ±3°

Range conguration Lead −180.0° to −0.1°

Lag 0.0° to 179.9°

(4) Balanced 3-phase/3-wire power measurement

Auto range threshold: Range up: Current RMS value greater than 6000 count

Range down: Current RMS value less than 540 count

Effective
measuring
range

84

Current RMS

I

value (

Voltage RMS

U

value (

Frequency 50 Hz/60 Hz

0.060 A to 600.0 A

Value must fall within the current measurement range’s guaranteed accuracy range.

)

RMS

80.0 V to 600.0 V

)

RMS

Balanced

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

3-phase/3­wire active

P

(3P3W)

)

power (

Balanced
3-phase/3­wire apparent

S

(3P3W)

)

power (

Balanced
3-phase/3­wire reactive

Q

(3P3W)

)

power (

Balanced
3-phase/3­wire power
factor

PF

)

(

(3P3W)

Balanced
3-phase/3­wire zero­cross phase

φ

(3P3W)

)*

angle (

Accuracy Table

Accuracy ±3.0% rdg. ±10 dgt. (Power factor =1)

Range
conguration
(minimum
resolution)

Voltage range 600.0 V

6.000 A 60.00 A 600.0 A

7.200 kW
(0.001 kW)

The unit [W] is replaced by [VA] for apparent power values.

Accuracy ±1 dgt. relative to calculation from measured values

Range
conguration

For the above active power range conguration, the unit [W] is replaced
by [var].

Accuracy ±3° ±2 dgt. (Calculated from the balanced 3-phase/3-wire zero-cross

phase angle)

Range
conguration

Regeneration −0.001

Consumption 0.000 to 1.000

Accuracy ±3°

Range
conguration

Lead −90.0° to −0.1°

Lag 0.0° to 90.0°

Current range

72.00 kW
(0.01 kW)

720.0 kW
(0.1 kW)

85

Accuracy Table

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

* Value is calculated based on the measurement of the zero-cross phase difference for the voltage and

current waveforms (positive [no sign] when the current lags the voltage and negative when the current
leads the voltage).

(5) Single-phase active energy measurement (AC)

Effective
measuring
range

86

I

Current RMS value (

Voltage RMS value (

Frequency 50 Hz/60 Hz

) 0.060 A to 600.0 A

RMS

U

) 80.0 V to 600.0 V

RMS

Value must fall within the current measurement range’s
guaranteed accuracy range.

Single-phase

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

active energy
(Wh)

Accuracy Table

Measurement method Positive active power values are added every 0.5 s.*

Range
conguration

99.99 Wh 0.00 Wh to

999.9 Wh 100.0 Wh to

9.999 kWh 1.000 kWh to

99.99 kWh 10.00 kWh to

999.9 kWh 100.0 kWh to

9999 kWh 1000 kWh to

Display range • After the single-phase active power range is

99.99 Wh

999.9 Wh

9.999 kWh

99.99 kWh

999.9 kWh

9999 kWh

A value of zero is added when the active power is
negative.

* When stopping integration, the energy measured

during the last 0.5 sec. is divided into 5 and added
every 0.1 sec.

selected, integration starts with a value of 0.00 Wh.
Only auto-range operation is supported for active
energy measurement. When values exceed 9999
count, the range is switched to the next higher
range.

• The range is xed to the active power range in
use when integrated began.

87

Accuracy Table

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Integration
time display

(6) Phase detection

Detected voltage range 80 V AC to 600 V AC

Detection target frequency 50 Hz/60 Hz (sine wave)

Phase order detection* Normal phase (Display: 123)

* After the second measurement display appears, and the second measurement value does not become

stable over 10 seconds, it is unable to make a measurement.

88

59:59 [min:sec] The time is incremented by 1 s from 00:00 [min:sec].

48:00 [hour:min]

Reverse phase (Display: 321)
Open phase or unable to measure (Display: – – – –)

When 59:59 [min:sec] is exceeded, the range is
switched to the 48:00 [hour:min] range.
During integration using the 48:00 [hour:min] range,

“ : ”

the

display ashes every 0.5 s.

Range conguration when setting a CT ratio

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

CT ratio

Current RMS
value

Current peak
value

Single-phase
active power

1/1

(default value)

600.0 A 6000 A – –

60.00 A 600.0 A 6000 A –

6.000 A 60.00 A 600.0 A 6000 A

1000 A 10.00 kA – –

180.0 A 1800 A 18.00 kA –

18.00 A 180.0 A 1800 A 18.00 kA

360.0 kW 3600 kW – –

36.00 kW 360.0 kW 3600 kW –

3.600 kW 36.00 kW 360.0 kW 3600 kW

1/10 1/100 1/1000 Remarks

Accuracy Table

CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 600.0 A.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 60.00 A.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 6.000 A.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 600.0 A.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 60.00 A.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 6.000 A.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 360.0 kW.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 36.00 kW.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 3.600 kW.

89

Accuracy Table

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

CT ratio

Balanced
3-phase/3-wire
active power

Balanced
3-phase/4-wire
active power

• Add the accuracy of the appropriate CT.

• The unit is replaced as below for apparent power and reactive power, relative to the active power range.

Apparent power: kVA
Reactive power: kVA

*1 Multiply the dgt. error indicated in the accuracy specications noted in the “Remarks” column by 10.

90

1/1

(default value)

720.0 kW 7200 kW – –

72.00 kW 720.0 kW 7200 kW –

7.200 kW 72.00 kW 720.0 kW 7200 kW

1080 kW 9999 kW*

108.0 kW 1080 kW 9999 kW*

10.80 kW 108.0 kW 1080 kW 9999 kW*

R

1/10 1/100 1/1000 Remarks

1

– –

1

CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 720.0 kW.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 72.00 kW.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 7.200 kW.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy
specications as 1080 kW.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy

–

specications as 108.0 kW.
CT ratio 1/1 Same accuracy

1

specications as 10.80 kW.

Equations

22

PS −

S

P

{ }

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

(1) Single-phase power measurement

Equations

Apparent power

Reactive power

Power factor

(2) Balanced 3-phase/3-wire power measurement

Balanced 3-phase/3-wire
zero-cross phase angle

Balanced 3-phase/3-wire
power factor

Balanced 3-phase/3-wire
active power

Balanced 3-phase/3-wire
apparent power

Balanced 3-phase/3-wire
reactive power

S U

Q

PF

φ

(3P3W)

PF

(3P3W)

P

(3P3W)

[W]

S

(3P3W)

[VA]

Q

(3P3W)

[var]

RMS

cos

3

I

・

PF

RMS

φ

−30°

φ

• The active power P has no sign during

consumption and a negative sign during

generation.

• Due to the effects of measurement error,

S=|P

| and Q=0 are used when S<|P|.

)33(

WP

SWP⋅⋅

)33(

S⋅3

2

PS −

)33(2)33( WPWP

• The symbol φ represents the zero-

cross phase angle of the voltage

U

and the current

12

• The symbol S represents the

apparent power of the line voltage

U

and the wire current

12

I

.

1

I

.

1

91

Equations

P

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

(3) Balanced 3-phase/4-wire power measurement

Balanced 3-phase/4-wire
active power

Balanced 3-phase/4-wire
apparent power

Balanced 3-phase/4-wire
reactive power

Balanced 3-phase/4-wire
power factor

(4) Unbalanced 3-phase/3-wire power measurement

Unbalanced 3-phase/3-wire
active power

92

P

S

Q

PF

(3P4W)

(3P4W)

(3P4W)

(3P4W)

P

(UB3P3W)

[W]

[VA]

[var]

[W]

P

・

3

S

・

3

Q

・

3

)43(WPWP

S

)43(

P

P

+

1

2

• The symbol P represents the active power of

the phase voltage

• The symbol S represents the apparent power of

the phase voltage

• The symbol Q represents the reactive power of

the phase voltage

• The active power P has no sign during

consumption and a negative sign during

generation.

• Due to the effects of measurement error, S=|P|

and Q=0 are used when S<|P|.

• The symbol

the line voltage

• The symbol

the line voltage

• The active power P has no sign during

consumption and a negative sign during

generation.

U

and the wire current

1

U

and the wire current

1

U

and the wire current

1

P

represents the active power of

1

U

and the wire current

21

P

represents the active power of

2

U

and the wire current

23

I

.

1

I

.

1

I

.

1

1

.

1

1

.

3

(5) Unbalanced 3-phase/4-wire power measurement

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Equations

Unbalanced 3-phase/4-wire
active power

Unbalanced 3-phase/4-wire
apparent power

P

(UB3P4W)

S

(UB3P4W)

[W]

[VA]

• The symbol

phase voltage

• The symbol

+

P

3

phase voltage

• The symbol

P

P

+

1

2

phase voltage

• The active power P has no sign during consumption

P

represents the active power of the

1

U

and the wire current

1

P

represents the active power of the

2

U

and the wire current

2

P

represents the active power of the

3

U

and the wire current

3

I

.

1

I

.

2

I

.

3

and a negative sign during generation.

• The symbol

phase voltage

• The symbol

+

S

3

phase voltage

• The symbol

S

S

+

1

2

phase voltage

• Due to the effects of measurement error, S=|P| is

S

represents the apparent power of the

1

U

and the wire current

1

S

represents the apparent power of the

2

U

and the wire current

2

S

represents the apparent power of the

3

U

and the wire current

3

I

.

1

I

.

2

I

.

3

used when S<|P|.

93

Equations

)43(

WPUB

P

HIOKI CM3286A961-03

Unbalanced 3-phase/4-wire
reactive power

Unbalanced 3-phase/4-wire
power factor

Q

(UB3P4W)

PF

(UB3P4W)

[var]

• The symbol

phase voltage

• The symbol

+

Q

3

phase voltage

• The symbol

Q

Q

+

1

2

phase voltage

• Due to the effects of measurement error, Q=0 is

Q

represents the reactive power of the

1

U

and the wire current

1

Q

represents the reactive power of the

2

U

and the wire current

2

Q

represents the reactive power of the

3

U

and the wire current

3

I

.

1

I

.

2

I

.

3

used when S<|P|.

)43(

WPUB

S

–

94