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FT4310
Instruction Manual
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Hioki FT4310 Instruction Manual

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FT4310
FT4310
Instruction Manual
Instruction Manual

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BYPASS DIODE TESTER
BYPASS DIODE TESTER
Jan. 2021 Revised edition 3 FT4310A961-03 21-01H
EN

Contents

Introduction .........................................................................1
Verifying Package Contents ..............................................1
Safety Information .............................................................. 3
Operating Precautions ....................................................... 8
1
1 Overview 13
1.1 Product Overview .......................................... 13
1.2 Names and Functions of Parts ....................14
2 Preparing for Measurement 21
2.1 Battery Replacement ....................................22
2.2 Using Model L9788-10 Test Lead with
Remote Switch (Red) ....................................24
2.3 How to Use the Carrying Case (Model
C0206) ............................................................26
3 Measurement 27
3.1 Pre-measurement Inspection (Self-check) .27
3.2 Auto Power Save (Power-Saving Function) 29
3.3 AutoBacklight-o󰀨(AutomaticLight-o󰀨
Function) ........................................................ 30
3.4 Pass/Fail Judgment (Comparator)
Function ......................................................... 31
Setting the Comparator Function .............................. 32
Canceling the Comparator Function ......................... 33
3.5 Measurement Preparation ............................ 34
3.6 Making Measurements in Voc Mode ............ 35
Comparison Display Function ................................... 36
Auto-hold ..................................................................37
FT4310A961-03
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
i
Contents
Negative Voltage Notication Function .....................38
Ground Fault Detection ............................................. 38
3.7 Making Measurements in BPD TEST Mode 39
Lock Function ...........................................................40
Measuring Bypass Diode .......................................... 41
3.8 Bluetooth® Communication Function ..........45
Installing the Smartphone Application Software
GENNECT Cross ...................................................... 46
Pairing the Application Software ...............................47
Making Measurements with the Bluetooth® Function 48
4 Specications 49
4.1 GeneralSpecications .................................49
4.2 Input/Output/MeasurementSpecications . 51
4.3 FunctionSpecications ................................ 56
4.4 InterfaceSpecications ................................ 59
4.5 Factory Settings ............................................ 59
5 Maintenance and Service 61
5.1 Troubleshooting ............................................62
Error Displays and Remedies ................................... 63
Appx. Appx.1
Appx. 1 Measurement Principles ..................Appx.1
Measurement Principles for Bypass Diodes with
an Open Fault ....................................................Appx.1
Measurement Principles for Bypass Diodes with
a Short-circuit Fault ............................................Appx.2
ii

Introduction

Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Hioki FT4310 Bypass Diode Tester. To obtain maximum performance from the instrument, please read this
Instruction Manual rst, and keep it handy for future reference.
1

Verifying Package Contents

When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during shipping. In particular, check the accessories, panel switches, and connectors. If damage is evident,
or if it fails to operate according to the specications, contact your
authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.
Conrm that these contents are provided.
□ Model FT4310
Bypass Diode Tester
□ Model C0206 Carrying Case □ Model L9788-11
□ Instruction Manual
□ LR6 Alkaline battery × 6
Test Lead Set with Remote Switch
Model L9788-11 is a set of model L9788-10 Test Lead with Remote Switch (Red) and EARTH side lead.
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
1
Verifying Package Contents
Options
The following options are available for the instrument. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller when ordering. Options are subject to change. Please check Hioki’s website for the latest information.
1
2
Product name
Model L9788-92 Breaker Pin CAT III 600 V, 2 A
1
Model L9788-90 Tip Pin CAT III 600 V/CAT II 600 V, 2 A
2
2
Maximum rated voltage and
maximum rated current

Safety Information

Safety Information
This instrument is designed to conform to IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment. However, using the instrument in a way not described in this manual may negate the provided safety features. Before using the instrument, be certain to carefully read the following safety notes.
DANGER
Mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well as damage to the instrument. Be certain that you understand the instructions and precautions in the manual before use.
WARNING
Protective gear This instrument is measured on a live line. To prevent an electric shock, use appropriate protective insulation (insulating rubber gloves and boots, helmet and etc.) and adhere to applicable laws and regulations.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
3
Safety Information
Notation
In this manual, the risk seriousness and the hazard levels are
classied as follows.
DANGER
WARNING
CAUTION
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation that will result in death or serious injury to the operator.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in death or serious injury to the operator.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in minor or moderate injury to the operator or damage to the instrument or malfunction.
Indicates prohibited actions.
Indicates the action which must be performed.
*
(p. )
[ ]
MEASURE
(Bold)
4
Additional information is presented below.
Indicates the page of reference information.
Screen displays are enclosed in square brackets.
Indicates the names of keys and other controls on the instrument.
Symbols on the instrument
Indicates cautions and hazards. When the symbol is printed on the instrument, refer to a corresponding topic in the Instruction Manual.
Indicates that dangerous voltage may be present at this terminal.
Indicates a instrument that has been protected throughout by double insulation or reinforced insulation.
Indicates a grounding terminal.
Indicates DC (Direct Current).
Indicates AC (Alternating Current).
Symbols for various standards
Indicates the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) in EU member states.
Indicates that the product conforms to regulations set out by the EU Directive.
Indicates that the product incorporates Bluetooth® wireless technology.
Safety Information
1
2
3
4
5
6
Screen Display
The instrument screen displays the alphanumeric characters as follows.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
7
Appx. Index
5
Safety Information
Accuracy
We dene measurement tolerances in terms of rdg. (reading) and
dgt. (digt) values, with the following meanings:
(reading or displayed value)
rdg.
The value currently being measured and indicated on the measuring instrument.
(resolution) The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring instrument,
dgt.
i.e., the input value that causes the digital display to show a “1” as
the least-signicant digit.
Trademarks
• The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Hioki E.E. Corporation is under license. Other trademarks and trade names are those of their respective owners.
• Android, Google Play are registered trademarks of Google, Inc.
• IOS is a registered trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its
a󰀩liates in the United States and certain other countries.
• iPhone, iPad, iPad miniTM, iPad Pro, iPod touch, and Safari are trademarks of Apple Inc.
• The App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc.
6
Safety Information
Measurement Categories
To ensure safe operation of measuring instruments, IEC 61010 establishes safety standards for various electrical environments, categorized as CAT II to CAT IV, and called measurement categories.
1
DANGER
• Using a measuring instrument in an environment designated with a higher-numbered category than that for which the instrument is rated could result in a severe accident, and must be carefully avoided.
• Never use a measuring instrument that lacks category labeling in a CAT II to CAT IV measurement environment. Doing so could result in a serious accident.
CAT II: When directly measuring the electrical outlet receptacles of
CAT III: When measuring the primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment
CAT IV: When measuring the circuit from the service drop to the service
the primary electrical circuits in equipment connected to an AC electrical outlet by a power cord (portable tools, household appliances, etc.)
(xed installations) connected directly to the distribution panel, and
feeders from the distribution panel to outlets.
entrance, and to the power meter and primary overcurrent protection device (distribution panel).
Distribution panel
Service entrance
Service drop
CAT IV
Power meter
Internal wiring
CAT III
Fixed installation
CAT II
T
Outlet
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
7

Operating Precautions

Operating Precautions
Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation and to obtain the
full benets of the various functions. Use of the instrument should conrm not only to its specications, but also to the specications of
all accessories, options, batteries, and other equipment in use.
DANGER
• For your safe operation, do not connect any test lead to the primary of the distribution panel.
• Do not short-circuit two wires to be measured by bringing the test leads into contact with them. Arcs or such grave accidents are likely to occur.
• To prevent a short-circuit or an electric shock, do not touch the metal part of the connecting test lead tip.
• To prevent an electric shock, be careful to avoid shorting live lines with the test leads tip.
• The L9788-11 Test Lead Set with Remote Switch, which comes with the instrument, complies with the safety requirements for CAT III 600 V and CAT II 600 V. (1) Separated from power systems. (2) Insulated from the ground.
Example: Ungrounded PV panels
8
Operating Precautions
DANGER
• If the test lead or the instrument is damaged, there is a risk of an electric shock. Perform the following inspection before using them: (1) Before using the instrument, check that the
coating of the test leads are neither ripped nor torn and that no metal parts are exposed. Using the instrument under such conditions could result in an electric shock. Replace the test leads
with those specied by our company.
(2) Verify that it operates normally to ensure that no
damage occurred during storage or shipping. If
you nd any damage, contact your authorized
Hioki distributor or reseller.
WARNING
• To prevent an electric shock, a short-circuit and damage to the instrument, observe the following precautions: Check the position of the rotary switch before taking measurements. Disconnect the test leads from the measurement object before switching the rotary switch.
• Do not use the instrument with circuits that exceed
its ratings or specications. Doing so may damage
the instrument, resulting in an electric shock.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
9
Operating Precautions
• Use only the specied test leads. Use of any test lead not specied by our company does not allow
safe measurements.
• To prevent electrical accidents, remove power from the circuit before connecting the test leads.
• To prevent an electric shock, do not exceed the lower of the ratings shown on the instrument and test leads.
Observe the following to prevent an electric shock, a short-circuit, or damage to the instrument.
• Turn o󰀨 any disconnector devices and separate from the power conditioner before starting the measurements for the solar battery panel.
• Solar batteries always generate high voltages especially in day time. Pay attention to prevent an electric shock for measurements.
• Do not touch any metal parts such as connection box and disconnector devices directly with bare hands. Doing so may cause an electric shock due to the voltage of the generator.
• Maximum rated voltage to terminal of the instrument is 1000 V DC. Do not use the instrument for equipment with rated voltage over 1000 V DC. Doing so may cause an electric shock or damage to the instrument.
• The cable is hardened in freezing temperatures. Do not bend or pull it to avoid tearing its shield or cutting cable.
• The protection rating for the enclosure of this instrument (based on EN60529) is IP40*.
WARNING
CAUTION
10
Operating Precautions
* IP40: This indicates the degree of protection provided by the enclosure of the instrument for use in hazardous locations, entry of solid foreign objects, and the ingress of water.
4: Protected against access to hazardous parts with wire measuring 1.0 mm
in diameter.
0: The equipment inside the enclosure is not protected against the harmful
e󰀨ects of water.
Installing the instrument
WARNING
Installing the instrument in inappropriate locations may cause a malfunction of instrument or may give rise to an accident. Avoid the following locations.
• Exposed to direct sunlight or high temperature
• Exposed to corrosive or combustible gases
• Exposed to a strong electromagnetic eld or electrostatic charge
• Near induction heating systems (such as high- frequency induction heating systems and IH cooking equipment)
• Susceptible to vibration
• Exposed to water, oil, chemicals, or solvents
• Exposed to high humidity or condensation
• Exposed to high quantities of dust particles
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Precautions when transporting the instrument
During shipment of the instrument, handle it carefully so that it is not damaged due to a vibration or shock.
Appx. Index
11
Operating Precautions
Handling the Instrument
To avoid damage to the instrument, protect it from physical shock when transporting and handling it. Be especially careful to avoid physical shock from due to dropping it.
Test leads
• Removable sleeves are attached to the metal pins at the end of the test leads. To prevent a short-circuit accident, be sure to use the test leads with the sleeves attached when performing measurements in the CAT III measurement category. Remove the sleeves before starting CAT II circuit measurements. You can use the test leads with the sleeve removed for secondary side
of the circuit breakers turned o󰀨. (Refer to “Measurement
Categories” (p. 7))
• If the sleeves are inadvertently removed during measurement, stop the measurement.(p. 26)
CAUTION
CAUTION
12
1

Overview

1.1 Product Overview

This is a measuring instrument to test faults of bypass diodes (BPD) incorporated in solar power generation systems*.
Can be measured even in day time
• Bypass diode condition can be measured without covering the solar panels.
Easy measurements
• Bypass diode condition can be measured with a connection box.
• Measurement results can be sent to a tablet or other mobile device by
Detecting bypass diode deterioration
• The resistance of the bypass route can be measured and deterioration
*: Strings in parallel conguration or special complex conguration cannot be
®
Bluetooth
of the bypass diode or increase of connector contact resistance between modules can be detected.
measured.
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
13
Names and Functions of Parts

1.2 Names and Functions of Parts

Front
(p. 19, p. 22, p. 39)
1
Display (p. 17)
Top
32
4
(p. 8)
65 7
MEASURE key (p. 15) Measurement switch
1
N(−) terminal Connect the black test lead.
2
Control terminal
3
P(+) terminal
4
Rotary switch (p. 15)
5
Operation keys (p. 16)
6
Live circuit indicator
7
Serial Number (A󰀩xed on the back):
The 9-digit serial number indicates the year (rst two digits) and the month
of manufacture (next two digits). Do not remove this sticker as the number is important.
Connect Model L9788-10 Test Lead with Remote Switch (Red).
Selects the measurement functions (the
measurement modes) and turns o󰀨 the
power. (p. 15)
Flashes when voltage remains between measuring terminals.
14
(p. 8)
MEASURE key
Names and Functions of Parts
MEASURE key
states
Raise the key
Description in
this manual
Changing measurement mode (turning on the power)
Setting the rotary switch in a position other than OFF turns on the power.
Rotary switch
state
Description in
this manual
Voc mode: Measures open-circuit voltages. (p. 35) BPD TEST mode: Measures bypass diodes and bypass diode resistors.
Self-check mode: Pre-measurement inspection (p. 27)
Turning o󰀨 the power
Rotary switch
state
Turn on comparison
display or enable
continuous
measurement.
Voc mode BPD TEST mode Self-check mode
Set the rotary
switch in Voc.
(p. 39)
Press the right of
the key
Press the
MEASURE key.
Set the rotary switch in BPD
TEST.
Retract the key
Release the
MEASURE key.
Set the rotary
switch in SELF
CHECK.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
Description in
this manual
Set o󰀨 the rotary
switch in OFF.
15
Names and Functions of Parts
Operation keys
1
Key name Press
Backlight On/O󰀨 Turns o󰀨 the
• In BPD TEST mode: Switches between the measurement screen and the COUNT mode screen
• When comparator is set: Decrease of judgment reference value (p. 32)
• In Voc or BPD TEST mode: Moves to comparator setting screen. (p. 32)
• When comparator is set: Increase of judgment reference value (p. 32)
• In BPD TEST mode/ self-check mode: Unlock
In locked state,
RELEASE key
ashes. (p. 40)
1
2
3
Bluetooth
RELEASE
4
LIGHT
DISPLAY
COMP
32
Press and hold
(1 second or more)
auto-backlight function
• When comparison display is set: Reference value reset (p. 36)
• COUNT mode screen: Count reset (p. 53)
Bluetooth communication
On/O󰀨 (p. 45)
4
®
–
Turn on the instrument
Cancel the auto power save function
Turns on the power in self- check mode.
Indicates the number of capacitor discharges.
while holding down
–
–
16
Names and Functions of Parts
Display
Open-circuit voltage value (Voc mode, (p. 35)) or bypass route resistance
)
(R
BPR
1
Applied current value
Short-circuit current value
or comparison di󰀨erence
(p. 36)
Open-circuit voltage value (BPD TEST mode) or reference value (REF, (p. 36))
Battery indicator (four levels) (p. 28)
Appears when measured voltage is DC.
Flashes when measured voltage is AC.
Flashes when the measured value is less than the minimum display value.
Flashes when the measured value is greater than the maximum display value.
Appears when the measured value is retained. (p. 37)
Appears when BPD TEST is PASS (good). (p. 41)
Appears when the judgment is PASS (good) with comparator function. (p. 31)
Appears when BPD TEST is FAIL (defective). (p. 41)
Appears when the judgment is FAIL (defective) with comparator function. (p. 31)
Flashes during measurement in BPD TEST mode.
The auto power save function will activate 30 seconds after this
mark starts ashing. (p. 29)
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
17
Names and Functions of Parts
Displays Bluetooth® function state. (p. 45)
• On: Bluetooth
• O󰀨: Bluetooth
• Flashes: Bluetooth
®
function On
®
function O󰀨
®
communication active
Appears while in self-check mode.
Appears while in continuous measurement. (p. 15) (p. 36)
Appears when the comparator function is enabled. (p. 31)
Reference value for comparison display measurement in Voc mode. (p. 36)
Di󰀨erence between reference value and measured value for
comparison display measurement in Voc mode. (p. 36)
Bypass route resistance
Open-circuit voltage value (p. 35)
Short-circuit current value
Applied current value
Short the test lead when this mark appears during the self-check.
18
Names and Functions of Parts
Model L9788-10 Test Lead with Remote Switch (Red)
CAUTION
The MEASURE key of the instrument is enabled even when the L9788-10 is connected to the instrument. Note that the testing voltage is output when the MEASURE key of the instrument is pressed while the L9788-10 is connected.
Refer to the L9788-92 Breaker Pin Connection (p. 25)
Sleeve
1 2 3
1
2
3
Enlarged tip view
35
16
1.8
φ
Light
1
MEASURE key
2
Judgment
3
display LED
3.0
φ
Plug
Unit: mm
Lights up interlocked with the backlight of the instrument.
Measurement switch
• Press: Press the MEASURE key.
• Press and hold: Turns on the comparison display or enables continuous measurement.
(This operation cannot be performed if the instrument’s MEASURE key is in the raised position.)
• Lights up in red interlocked with the live wire warning indicator of the instrument.
Lights up in accordance with the BPD TEST or comparator judgment result.
• PASS: Green
• FAIL: Red
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
19
Names and Functions of Parts
20

Preparing for Measurement

2
Insert the batteries. (p. 22)
1
Connect the test leads to the terminals.
2
1
2
N(−) terminal
Connect the black test lead.
P(+) terminal
Connect the red test lead.
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
21
Battery Replacement

2.1 Battery Replacement

WARNING
Do not short-circuit, recharge, disassemble or dispose
of in re. Battery may explode if mistreated.
• To prevent an electric shock, release the
MEASURE key, disconnect the test leads from the
measurement object and replace the batteries.
• After replacing the batteries, reattach the cover and secure the screw before using the instrument.
• To prevent instrument damage or an electric shock, use only the screw for securing the battery cover in place that are originally installed. If you have lost
a screw or nd that a screw is damaged, please
contact your authorized Hioki distributor for a replacement.
CAUTION
Poor performance or damage from battery leakage could result. Observe the cautions listed below.
• Do not mix new and old batteries, or di󰀨erent types of batteries.
• Be careful to observe the battery polarity during installation.
• Do not use batteries after their recommended expiry date.
• Do not leave depleted batteries inside the instrument.
• Replace batteries only with the specied type.
22
Battery Replacement
• The battery indicator ashes when the remaining battery capacity is low. In this case, measurement is not possible. Replace the batteries. (p. 28)
• Handle and dispose of batteries in accordance with local regulations.
Set the rotary switch in OFF.
1
Disconnect the test leads
OFF
from the instrument.
1
2
Battery (LR6 × 6) Check the polarity.
+++++
Tabs
Battery cover
+
Screw × 1
Loosen the fastening screw
2
at the rear of the instrument and remove the battery cover.
Replace all six batteries.
3
Slide the battery cover back
4
into place and tighten the screw.
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
23
Using Model L9788-10 Test Lead with Remote Switch (Red)

2.2 Using Model L9788-10 Test Lead with Remote Switch (Red)

Pre-measurement Inspection
Set the rotary
1
switch in OFF.
Fully insert the plug of L9788-10 into
2
terminal P(+) of the instrument.
OFF
Set the rotary switch in SELF CHECK.
3
Press the RELEASE key to cancel the lock function.
4
After [Short the Test Leads] is shown on the display, short
5
the test lead tips with each other.
With these tips short-circuited, press the MEASURE key of
6
the L9788-10.
Verify that the display indicates [PASS]. Do not open the test leads until the test result is displayed.
7
Press .
24
Lights up in green
OK
Check that the L9788-10 tip lamp lights up.
NO
PASS
Using Model L9788-10 Test Lead with Remote Switch (Red)
Replacing the Tip Pin (optional) for Model L9788-10
When the tip pin (L9788-90) of model L9788-10 Test Lead with Remote Switch (Red) is worn out or broken, it can be replaced. The tip pin can be purchased via authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.
Set the rotary switch in OFF and
1
OFF
Wrench (size: 7 mm width)
Model L9788-90 Tip Pin
disconnect the L9788-10.
Remove the tip pin by rotating
2
with a wrench.
Attach the new tip pin to the
3
L9788-10 by rotating with a wrench.
(Tightening torque: 0.3 N·m)
Check the operation.
4
Measure a measurement object of known values and use after checking that the resistance is correct.
1
2
3
4
5
Attaching the L9788-92 Breaker Pin
Remove the sleeve of the L9788-10 (p. 26) and attach the breaker pin.
Fully insert.
Model L9788-92 Breaker Pin
6
7
Appx. Index
25
How to Use the Carrying Case (Model C0206)
Removing and attaching the test lead sleeves
Safely store the removed sleeves so as not to lose them. (p. 12)
Removing the sleeves Attaching the sleeves
Gently hold the bottom of the
sleeves and pull the sleeves o󰀨.
Insert the metal pins of the test leads into
the holes of the sleeves, and rmly push
them all the way in.

2.3 How to Use the Carrying Case (Model C0206)

CAUTION
Attach the strap securely to the four ttings on the carrying
case. If insecurely attached, the instrument may fall and be damaged when carrying.
Housing
*
Belt for the instrument
Secure the strap at 4 positions.
*
26
Instruction manual
Model L9788-11 Test Lead Set with Remote Switch
LR6 Alkaline battery × 6 (Accessory) Use this space for storing spare batteries (separately sold) after the accessory batteries are installed.

Measurement

3
WARNING
Be sure to perform the pre-measurement inspection before using the instrument. If the instrument is damaged, electric shock could result.
3.1 Pre-measurement Inspection (Self­check)
Before using the instrument, verify that it operates normally to ensure that no
damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you nd any damage, contact
your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.
Checking the test lead
Is the white portion (insulation layer) inside the cable exposed?
Not Exposed
Checking the instrument (Self-check)
1. Set the rotary switch in SELF CHECK.
2. Press the RELEASE key to release the lock function.
3. Short the test lead tips.
4. Is [PASS] displayed when the MEASURE key is pressed with these tips short-circuited?
Displayed (Go on to the following page)
Exposed
Not displayed
Do not use any damaged cables and replace them
with those specied by our
company. This may cause an electric shock.
The following issues may be occurring:
• The test lead has not been inserted all the way.
→ Insert the test lead all the way
in.
• There is a broken connection in the test lead.
→ Stop using the test leads
immediately, replace them
with those specied by our
company. This may cause an electric shock.
• Error is displayed.
→ The instrument may have
failed. (p. 63)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
27
Pre-measurement Inspection (Self-check)
From the previous page
Checking the remaining battery charge
Is the battery level adequate?
Set the rotary switch in SELF
CHECK and conrm the
battery indicator.
appears
Flashes
Replace the batteries. (p. 22)
Inspection complete
Please read “Operating Precautions” (p. 8) before use.
28
Auto Power Save (Power-Saving Function)

3.2 Auto Power Save (Power-Saving Function)

When the rotary switch is not set in the OFF position, the instrument changes to the auto power save state 15 minutes after the last operation or live wire warning indication. After use, set the rotary switch in OFF. The auto power save feature consumes a small amount of current.
Disabling the function
1
2
Other than
the OFF position.
Recovering from auto power save state
Set the rotary switch in OFF and then put it back into place.
Turn on the instrument while
holding down
3
.
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
29
Auto Backlight-o󰀨 (Automatic Light-o󰀨 Function)
3.3 Auto Backlight-o󰀨 (Automatic Light-o󰀨 Function)
The backlight of the instrument will automatically turn o󰀨 after approx. 3
minutes has passed since the last operation.
The automatic light-o󰀨 function can be canceled when working continuously
in a dark location.
Disabling the function
Backlight: O󰀨
Continuous short beep
Press for approx. 2 seconds.
Setting the rotary switch in OFF cancels the disabled state.
With the backlight o󰀨, press
for approx. 2 seconds
until the instrument beeps continuously.
30
Pass/Fail Judgment (Comparator) Function

3.4 Pass/Fail Judgment (Comparator) Function

This function compares the measured value with the preset value (= judgment reference value) and judges whether the result is PASS (good) or FAIL (defective). Comparator settings for each mode pass/fail judgment (comparator) will be saved, even if the rotary switch is set in OFF.
How to optimize the judgment reference value
The comparator values are initially set to 10 V for DIFF and 2.5 Ω for R The instrument may give a fail judgment on a non-defective object because the optimum DIFF value and R objects. In this case, measure several strings of the measurement object, and then set the comparator threshold slightly higher than the measured values.
Setting example: When the measured R
, set the comparator threshold to 8 Ω, 2 Ω higher than 6 Ω.
to 6
Ω
The range that can be set for the reference value is as follows:
DIFF
0 V to ±20 V. The setting allows 1 V increments.
R
BPR
0 Ω to 15 Ω. The setting allows 0.5 Ω increments.
Indication lights up
PASS (good) judgment FAIL (defective) judgment
value each vary according to measurement
BPR
values fell within the range of 5 Ω
BPR
BPR
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
Indication
Backlight:
No change
Lights up in
green
Backlight:
Lights up in red
Lights up in
red
31
Pass/Fail Judgment (Comparator) Function
Type of measurements that can be judged
Mode
Voc Reference value or lower
BPD TEST
Lower than reference value and bypass diode is working correctly
PASS judgment FAIL judgment
State of measured value Buzzer Backlight Buzzer
Short
Lights up
beep
in red

Setting the Comparator Function

Set the rotary switch in the mode for which you wish to set
1
the comparator function.
In BPD TEST mode, press to cancel the lock function. (p. 40)
Long beep
COMP
1
3
32
Flashes
2
Press .
2
[COMP] ashes and a value set as
judgment reference value at that moment is displayed.
Press or to set the
3
reference value.
If you do nothing about 2 seconds after you set the reference value, the comparator function will be set, and
[COMP] will appear.
Pass/Fail Judgment (Comparator) Function

Canceling the Comparator Function

Set the rotary switch in Voc or
oFF
1
BPD TEST.
Press .
2
[COMP] ashes and a value set as
judgment reference value at that moment is displayed.
Press or several times
3
to select [oFF].
If you do nothing for about 2 seconds after you select, [COMP] will go out, and the comparator function will be canceled.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
33
Measurement Preparation

3.5 Measurement Preparation

Turn o󰀨 the main switch of the connection box to be
1
disconnected from the power conditioner.
Turn o󰀨 all the disconnector devices of the strings.
2
Disconnect lightning arresters from the measuring circuit.
3
Disconnection is not required for the gure (solar generator facility)
shown below because a lightning arrester is not present at the string side of the disconnector device.
String
34
2
O󰀨
Disconnector devices
Lightning
arrester
(Example: Solar generator facility)
1
O󰀨
Main switch
Connection
box
Power
Conditioner
Making Measurements in Voc Mode

3.6 Making Measurements in Voc Mode

Open-circuit voltage of a string can be measured. Checking the
di󰀨erence between strings allows determining short-circuit fault.
1
WARNING
During measurement, do not switch over to other measurement modes.
(+)
(-)
P
N
4
1
Set the rotary switch in Voc.
1
Connect the black test lead to N(−) of the measurement
2
object.
Connect the red test lead to P(+) of the measurement
3
object.
Check the displayed value.
4
[Voc] shows the measured value (open-circuit voltage value).
N(−)
2
3
Power Conditioner, Main switch
P(+)
String
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
35
Making Measurements in Voc Mode

Comparison Display Function

You can check the di󰀨erence between the reference value and the
measured value while measuring the open-circuit voltage of solar battery string.
Raise the MEASURE key of the
HOLD
1
HOLD
Example measurement results display
Example measurement results display
Voc=338 V, REF=348 V,
DIFF= −10 V
ashes
CONT
appears
1
instrument or press and hold the
MEASURE key of the L9788-10.
[HOLD] ashes and [CONT] appears.
Connect the test lead to the
2
measurement object.
[HOLD] appears and [Voc] and [REF]
show their measured values.
Connect the test lead to the next
3
measurement object.
[Voc] shows the measured value and [DIFF] shows the di󰀨erence with the [REF] (the reference value).
When the comparator function is enabled, [PASS] or [FAIL] is displayed.
To reset the reference value, press and hold the DISPLAY key.
36
Making Measurements in Voc Mode

Auto-hold

With the comparison display function, when the measured value stabilizes, a short beep is emitted and the measured value is automatically retained.
1
When the measured value is 20 V or higher and stabilizes for
approx. 1 second (uctuation range is within 20 V), the measured
value is automatically retained.
When the test leads are disconnected from the measurement object and a new measurement is started, the new measured value is retained.
[HOLD] ashes: Waiting for stabilization of the measured value [HOLD] appears: The measured value is retained
Conceptual diagram of auto-hold (AC voltage)
Indicated value
Measured value
Connect to the measurement object
100 V 99 V
Auto-hold Example: 100 V
Stabilized range
Disconnect
Connect
Auto-hold is not applied (threshold is not exceeded)
Disconnect
Connect
Auto-hold Example: 99 V
Threshold allowing auto-hold
Dead zone
Disconnect
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
37
Making Measurements in Voc Mode
Negative Voltage Notication Function
You can check whether P(+) and N(−) are connected in reverse
while measuring the open-circuit voltage of solar battery string.
When the voltage is −1 V or lower, red and white of the backlight ash alternately.

Ground Fault Detection

Connecting the black test lead to the ground and red test lead to
N(−) or P(+) of the measurement object and measuring the voltage
allows a simple ground fault detection.
38
Making Measurements in BPD TEST Mode

3.7 Making Measurements in BPD TEST Mode

To determine open fault and deterioration of bypass diodes connected to a solar panel, measure the bypass diode and bypass route resistance.
WARNING
Observe the following to prevent an electric shock, short-circuit, or damage to the instrument.
• Do not measure under a live circuit condition. Doing so could damage the instrument or cause an accident that might result in injury or death. Always
turn o󰀨 power to the measurement object before
starting.
• When measuring a bypass diode, dangerous voltage is applied to the measurement terminals. To prevent an electric shock, do not touch the test leads.
1
2
3
4
5
• Press the MEASURE key fully down until a live circuit indicator lights up.
If the button is not pressed down fully, a proper measurement cannot be made.
• After use, set the rotary switch in OFF.
6
7
Appx. Index
39
Making Measurements in BPD TEST Mode

Lock Function

This function is used to avoid applying a measuring signal to equipment. This function will prevent the test from starting even if the rotary switch is set in BPD TEST and the MEASURE key is pressed.
Canceling the lock function
Set the rotary switch in BPD
1
1
Flashes
O󰀨
2
The screen is locked 1 minute after the last measurement or operation again.
TEST.
RELEASE key ashes.
Press .
2
Pressing this key unlocks the instrument and switches the display to the measurement screen.
40
Making Measurements in BPD TEST Mode

Measuring Bypass Diode

CAUTION
To avoid electrical accidents, disconnect the solar battery module from the commercial power circuit before measuring. Clusters with breakdown voltage 100 V or lower cannot be judged correctly.
1
Release
(+)
(-)
P
N
2
(+)
(-)
P
N
Release the MEASURE key.
1
Set the rotary switch in BPD TEST.
2
Press to cancel the lock function.(p. 40)
Power conditioner, Main switch
N(−)
3
Connect the black test lead to N(−) of
3
the measurement object. Connect the red test lead to P(+) of the
4
measurement object.
If the measurement object has an AC voltage
or its polarity is reversed, red and white ash
alternately on the backlight.
OFF
P(+)
String
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
41
Making Measurements in BPD TEST Mode
Press the MEASURE key.
5
Starts a measurement.
Release
7
(+)
(-)
P
N
6
To make a continuous measurement, raise the MEASURE key.
Check the judgment and
6
displayed values.
Press
5
Release the MEASURE key with the test leads connected to
7
the measurement object.
Ends the measurement.
• During measurement, do not switch over to other modes.
• The screen is locked 1 minute after the last measurement. To continue the measurement, release the lock function. (p. 40)
• If negative voltage notication function is engaged, no measurement starts. Verify the test lead connections once again.
• If the solar panel is not generating power due to the shielding of the light,
continuous measurement and negative voltage notication functions will
not be activated.
• The R
Measure all strings.
8
value will ash if the insolation varies during measurement
BPR
(for example, due to the movement of clouds). In this case, it will not be possible to accurately measure the bypass route resistance. Repeat measurement under conditions of consistent insolation
Press the MEASURE key once per string for measurements. If the result is FAIL, verify the test lead connections once again.
Repeat the above procedure from 3 to 7.
42
Making Measurements in BPD TEST Mode
After measurements are completed
Reconnect the lightning arrester connection if
1
disconnected.
Turn on all the disconnector devices of the strings.
2
Turn on the main switch of the connection box.
3
If the instrument indicates [>15.0 A] when the measurement object’s rated current is 12 A or less
If a transient current ows, for example because the measurement
object’s capacitance component was charged, the instrument will indicate [>15.0 A] and halt measurement. If you encounter the [>15.0 A] display, connect an insulation resistance tester or a commercially available discharge rod between the measurement object’s P terminal and the ground, or between the measurement object’s N terminal and the ground. Then repeat measurement after discharging the measurement object’s charge.
If you are unable to complete the measurement because you encounter the [>15.0 A] display again after discharging the measurement object’s charge, perform the following steps:
With the instrument powered o󰀨, set the rotary switch to
1
the BPD TEST position while pressing the RELEASE key.
The following screen will be displayed.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
Figure 1. Inrush current limit
function: Enable
Figure 2. Inrush current limit
function: Disable
43
Making Measurements in BPD TEST Mode
Press the DISPLAY key or COMP key and disable the
2
function.
Inrush current limit function
*The instrument ships with the inrush current limit function enabled.
Verify the function’s setting by pressing the RELEASE key.
3
The instrument will transition to the normal BPD TEST mode screen.
The inrush current limit function setting will remain in e󰀨ect across
power cycles.
Enable Select [lim Isc ON] (see Figure 1).
Disable Select [lim Isc OFF] (see Figure 2).
44
Bluetooth® Communication Function

3.8 Bluetooth® Communication Function

The instrument supports Bluetooth® low energy. When the Bluetooth® function is enabled, you can review measurement data and create measurement reports on mobile devices (iPhone, iPad, iPad mini, iPod Touch, and Android™ devices). For more information about this functionality, see the help function in the application software GENNECT Cross.
Install the GENNECT Cross on
1
your mobile device. (p. 46)
Enable the Bluetooth® function
2
on the instrument.
Launch GENNECT Cross and
3
pair it with the instrument. (p. 47)
Select the general
4
measurement function of GENNECT Cross and make measurements.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
45
Bluetooth® Communication Function

Installing the Smartphone Application Software GENNECT Cross

Search for “GENNECT Cross” on the App Store from your iPhone, iPad or other Apple devices, or on Google Play™ from your Android device. Then download and install the GENNECT Cross. You will need an Apple ID to download the app from the App Store, or a Google account to download the app from Google Play. For more information about how to register an account, contact the store at which you purchased your device.
• Because the instrument emits radio waves, use in a country or
region where it has not been approved may be subject to nes
or other penalties as a violation of applicable laws or regulations. For more information, see the attached “Precautions Concerning Use of Equipment that Emits Radio Waves” or go to our website.
• The availability of the instrument is limited to certain countries. For more information, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.
• Bluetooth® communications range varies greatly with distance from obstructions (walls, metal obstruction, etc.) as well as
distance from the oor or ground. To ensure stable measurement,
verify adequate signal strength.
• Although this application software is provided free of charge, downloading or use of the application software may incur Internet connection charges. Such charges are the sole responsibility of the user.
• This application software is not guaranteed to operate on all mobile devices.
46
Bluetooth® Communication Function

Pairing the Application Software

1
1
Home > Other
• When the application software is
launched for the rst time (before
being paired with any instrument), the connection setup screen will be displayed.
• While the mobile device is displaying the connection setup screen, simply move it close to the instrument to automatically pair it with the instrument (the application software can be paired with up to 8 instruments).
• Allow about 5 to 30 seconds for the instrument to pair with the application software after being turned on. If the instrument fails to pair within 1 minute, relaunch GENNECT Cross and cycle the instrument’s power.
• Pairing will be skipped when the instrument is started next time after the instrument has registered.
2
Instrument
Settings
3
The instrument is
automatically registered.
4
Returns to the
home screen.
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
47
Bluetooth® Communication Function

Making Measurements with the Bluetooth® Function

On the home screen, select the standard measurement function from the options, standard measurement, logging or waveform display, to start a measurement. For more information about each function, see the help function in the GENNECT Cross.
The values displayed by the instrument may be di󰀨erent from the
values displayed by the application software due to communication
delays or di󰀨erences in the update timing.
Standard measurement
Measured values of multiple channels are saved.
48
Specications
4
4.1 General Specications
Operating environment
Operating temperature and humidity
Storage temperature and humidity
Dustproofness and waterproofness
Drop proof On concrete: 1 m
Standards Safety: EN61010
Power supply LR6 Alkaline battery × 6
Indoors, outdoors, Pollution Degree 2, altitude up to 2000 m (6562 ft.)
Temperature: −10°C (14°F) to 65°C (149°F)
Humidity:
less than 40°C (104°F),
80% RH or less (no condensation)
40°C (104°F) or higher but less than 45°C (113°F),
60% RH or less (no condensation)
45°C (113°F) or higher but less than 50°C (122°F),
50% RH or less (no condensation)
50°C (122°F) or higher but less than 55°C (131°F),
40% RH or less (no condensation)
55°C (131°F) or higher but less than 60°C (140°F),
30% RH or less (no condensation)
60°C (140°F) to 65°C (149°F),
25% RH or less (no condensation)
−20°C (−4°F) to 65°C (149°F),
80% RH or less (no condensation)
IP40 (EN 60529)
EMC: EN61326
Rated supply voltage: 1.5 V DC × 6 Power supply voltage range: 6.75 V to 10.35 V DC Maximum rated power: 18 VA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
49
General Specications
Continuous operating time
(Voc)
Possible number of measurements
(BPD TEST)
Interface Bluetooth
When LR6 alkaline battery × 6 are used (at 23°C, as
a referential)
Approx. 45 hours (Comparator, LCD backlight,
®
Bluetooth
Approx. 18 hours (Comparator, LCD backlight,
Bluetooth
: O󰀨)
®
: On)
LR6 Alkaline battery × 6 (at 23°C, as a referential) Approx. 3000 times (Comparator, LCD backlight,
®
Bluetooth
: O󰀨)
®
Dimensions Approx. 152W × 92H × 69D mm (5.98″W × 3.62″H ×
2.72″D)
Mass Approx. 650 g (22.9 oz.)
(including batteries, excluding test leads)
Product warranty
3 years
period
Fuse 3 A/1000 V fuse to protect from IGBT short-circuit
fault
(Cut-o󰀨 capacity 30 kA, fast acting, φ10 × 38 mm: SIBA GmbH) Note: Replacement by user not allowed
Accessories Refer to “Verifying Package Contents” (p. 1)
Options Refer to “Options” (p. 2)
50
Input/Output/Measurement Specications
4.2 Input/Output/Measurement
Specications
Standard Specications
Measurement function Abbreviation Measurement function
Voc Open-circuit voltage
BPD TEST Bypass diode
SELF CHECK Self-check
Function conguration SELF CHECK/OFF/Voc/BPD TEST
Input terminal P(+) terminal: Connected to positive terminal of
N(−) terminal: Connected to negative terminal of
Maximum input voltage 1000 V DC
Maximum rated voltage
to earth
600 V DC (No measurement category)
measurement
measurement
PV string
PV string
1
2
3
4
5
(1) Voc mode
Measurement item Open-circuit voltage
Displayed item Open-circuit voltage
Measurement range 0 V to 1000 V DC (Displayed up to 1200 V DC)
Response time Within 1 sec.
(Reference value and comparison value when
comparison display is enabled)
6
7
Appx. Index
51
Input/Output/Measurement Specications
Comparison display Displays the di󰀨erence from the measurement
Auto-hold Setting method:
(2) BPD TEST mode
Measurement
item
Displayed item Screen 1: Bypass route resistor, open-circuit voltage,
Measurement object
Measurement
method
voltage with the auto-hold enabled for the rst
time or immediately after reset.
Valid only in the auto-hold state. Displayed range: −100 V to 100 V Maximum count: 100 counts
Overrange display: [>100 V] or [<−100 V] is displayed.
Enable by placing the instrument’s MEASURE key in the raised position or press and hold the
MEASURE key on a test-lead with remote switch.
Functionality: When both the below conditions are met,
measured value is automatically held.
• Measurement voltage: 20 V or higher
• Fluctuation range of measurement voltage for
1 second: 20 V or less Auto-hold update: A signal meeting the above Auto-hold conditions is input after a measurement voltage less than 20 V is input.
Bypass diode comparator judgment/Bypass route resistor/Open-circuit voltage/Short-circuit current/
Applied current
short-circuit current, and applied current
Screen 2: The number of bypass diode measurements
Open-circuit voltage: 1000 V DC or less Rated current: 2 A to 12 A DC Crystal system string (Strings with a breakdown voltage of 100 V DC or less cannot be measured.)
Short-circuit and pulse voltage application
52
Input/Output/Measurement Specications
Duration of
shorting between
terminals
Output pulse Voltage: 100 V DC or less
Judgment method
Measurement
time
Current
measurement method
Measuring range for bypass route
resistance
(3) COUNT mode
Measurement
item
Number of
measurements
10 ms or less
Pulse width: 5 ms or less
Limiting current: Measured short-circuit current + 1 A or
Detected peak current ≥ Measured short-circuit current + additional current × 0.8: PASS Detected peak current < Measured short-circuit current + additional current × 0.8: FAIL
condition can be added to the conditions above
R
BPR
with comparator setting.
2 seconds or less (3 seconds or less when measurement voltage is 10 V or less)
Peak value detection
to 15
0
Ω
The R
BPR
current) varies during measurement.
Displays the number of bypass diode measurements
Counts the number of measurements from power on to power o󰀨. Resets the count to 0 when the power is turned o󰀨 or
auto power save.
Maximum count: 199 More than 200 counts: [>199 V] ashes
less
Maximum: 13 A
Ω
value will ash if insolation (short-circuit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
53
Input/Output/Measurement Specications
(4) SELF CHECK mode
Measurement
item
Capacitor discharge switch:
Short-circuit
IGBT:
Short-circuit
IGBT and capacitor discharge switch tests
Tests that capacitor discharge switch is not short-
circuited.
Fail: [Err5] is displayed.
Tests that IGBT is not short-circuited. Fail: [Err4] or [oPn] is displayed.
Accuracy specications
Conditions of
guaranteed accuracy
(1) Open-circuit voltage measurement
Range (displayed range)
Accuracy range 0 V to ±1000 V
Accuracy ±0.2% rdg.±3 dgt.
Input impedance 1 M
Maximum count 1200 counts
Overrange display [>1200 V] or [<−1200 V] is displayed.
Guaranteed accuracy period
Guaranteed accuracy period from adjustment
made by Hioki
Temperature and humidity for guaranteed accuracy
Power voltage range with accuracy guarantee
Temperature characteristic
1000 V (0 V to ±1200 V)
or higher
Ω
1 year
1 year
23°C±5°C (73°F±9°F),
80% RH or less
6.4 V to 10.35 V DC (One or more battery levels appear)
Measurement accuracy ×
0.1/°C is added (other than 23°C±5°C).
54
Input/Output/Measurement Specications
(2) Short-circuit current measurement
Range (displayed range)
Accuracy range 0.0 A to 15.0 A
Accuracy ±3% rdg.±3 dgt.
Input impedance 0.5
Maximum count 150 counts (The short-circuit current display will
Overrange display [>15.0 A] or [<0.0 A] is displayed.
(3) Bypass route resistance measurement
Range (displayed range)
Accuracy range 0.0
Accuracy ±5% rdg. ±5 dgt.
Maximum count 150 counts
Overrange display [>15.0 Ω] is displayed.
Conditions of
guaranteed accuracy
15.0 A (0.0 A to 15.0 A)
or lower
Ω
ash if the value is greater than 13.0 A but less than or equal to 15.0 A.)
15 Ω (0.0 Ω to 15.0 Ω)
to 15.0
Ω
During pure resistance measurement after the self­check has been performed Accuracy is not guaranteed while the bypass route resistance display is ashing.
Ω
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
55
Function Specications
4.3 Function Specications
Key input Refer to “MEASURE key” (p. 15), “Operation
Auto power save (APS)
Indication Semi-transmissive FSTN LCD, positive
Battery indicator Battery voltage Battery level
keys” (p. 16), and “Model L9788-10 Test Lead with Remote Switch (Red)” (p. 19)
Automatically turns o󰀨 the power 15 minutes±1
minutes after the last measurement (measurement
voltage is 5 V or less for Voc mode) with the power on.
Recovering from auto power save:
Set the rotary switch in OFF to turn o󰀨 the power and
then turn on the power once again.
Refer to “Display” (p. 17)
7.95 V±0.2 V or higher 3
7.35 V±0.2 V to 7.95 V±0.2 V 2
6.75 V±0.2 V to 7.35 V±0.2 V 1
6.75 V±0.2 V or less 0 (Battery shape ashes)
• Hysteresis
Low battery level remains even if battery voltage increases but the power is not turned on once
again.
• Measurements cannot be carried out when battery
level is 0. ([bAt Lo] is displayed and automatically turns o󰀨 the power.)
56
Function Specications
Live circuit indicator • Voc mode, SELF CHECK
Backlight White
Automatic polarity judgment function
+20 V DC or higher or −1 V DC or less: Flashes Other than the above: O󰀨
• BPD TEST mode
MEASURE key is pressed: Lights up MEASURE key is released:
+20 V DC or higher or −1 V DC or less: Flashes Other than the above: O󰀨
Automatic light-o󰀨 function available (The backlight will turn o󰀨 3 minutes ±30 seconds after the last measurement (or in Voc mode, after the measured voltage falls to 5 V or less) or after the last operation.)
When measurement voltage is −1 V or less:
• Buzzer sounds, red backlight ashes, and white backlight lights up.
• Auto-hold is disabled.
• Bypass diode measurement does not start.
When measurement voltage is 70 V
• Bypass diode measurement does not start.
• Buzzer sounds and red backlight lights up.
When measurement voltage is over −1 V to 10 V, and
when output pulse with limiting current of 0.1 A or less is generated and measurement voltage is 90 V or
higher:
• Bypass diode measurement does not start.
• Buzzer sounds and red backlight lights up.
AC or higher:
0-P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
57
Function Specications
Comparator • Voc mode
Threshold value can be set in 1 V increments from 0 V to 20 V for the absolute value of DIFF.
DIFF ≥ Threshold value: FAIL DIFF < Threshold value: PASS
• BPD TEST mode Threshold value can be set in 0.5
from 0
Ω
≥ Threshold value: FAIL
R
BPR
< Threshold value, and
R
BPR
Detected peak currentd < Measured short-circuit current + additional current × 0.8: FAIL Detected peak current ≥ Measured short-circuit
current + additional current × 0.8: PASS Judgment is available only when the auto-hold is enabled.
to 15 Ω for R
BPR
increments
Ω
.
58
4.4 Interface Specications
Interface Specications
Interface
Antenna power Maximum +0 dBm (1 mW)
Communication distance 5 m (line of sight)
Communication prole GATT (Generic Attribute Prole)
Supported Android devices
Supported iOS devices iOS10 or later
®
Bluetooth
Android4.3 or later
(Bluetooth
(Bluetooth
4.0LE ( )
®
low energy enabled devices)
®
low energy enabled devices)

4.5 Factory Settings

Settings state Setting backup
Auto power save Enabled N/A
Comparator Enabled
®
Bluetooth
setting Enabled Available (On/O󰀨)
Voc di󰀨: 10 V
: 2.5
R
BPR
Ω
Available (On/O󰀨, preset)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
59
Factory Settings
60

Maintenance and Service

5
WARNING
Touching any of the high-voltage points inside the instrument is very dangerous. Customers are not allowed to modify, disassemble, or repair the
instrument. Doing so may cause a re, an electric
shock, or a injury.
Calibrations
The calibration period varies depending on the status of the instrument or installation environment. We recommend that the calibration period be determined in accordance with the status of the instrument or installation environment. Please contact your Hioki distributor to have your instrument periodically calibrated.
Precautions when transporting the instrument
When transporting the instrument for repair or any other purpose, be sure to observe the following precautions:
• To avoid damage to the instrument, remove the batteries from the instrument. Moreover, be sure to pack in a double carton. Damage that occurs during transportation is not covered by the warranty.
• When sending the instrument for repair, be sure to include details of the problem.
Disposal
Handle and dispose of the instrument in accordance with local regulations.
Cleaning
• To clean the instrument, wipe it gently with a soft cloth moistened with water or mild detergent.
• Wipe the LCD gently with a soft, dry cloth.
• Wipe the dust from metal parts of alligator clips with a soft cloth to avoid any impact on the measurements.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
61
Troubleshooting

5.1 Troubleshooting

Before Returning for Repair
If damage is suspected, check the “Troubleshooting” section below before contacting your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.
Symptom Check Items Remedy and Reference
Measurements cannot be performed in BPD TEST mode. Pressing the
MEASURE key in
BPD TEST mode enables the lock function that has been released.
The MEASURE key of test lead with remote switch is not working. Measured value is not displayed correctly.
The batteries run out immediately.
The power is not turning on.
Is the function to prevent the application of voltage by mistake locked?
Does the battery have
su󰀩cient charge?
Are you using alkaline batteries? Has 1 minute lapsed after the last operation? Is the plug of the test lead with remote switch fully inserted?
Is there a broken connection in a test lead? Are the test leads securely connected?
Are you using alkaline batteries?
Does the battery have
su󰀩cient charge?
Have the batteries been installed properly?
Release the lock function. (p. 40)
Replace the batteries with new alkaline batteries. (p. 22)
Release the lock function again. (p. 40) Fully insert the plug to the limit without any gaps. (p. 24)
Check the continuity of the test lead with a tester.
Check the connection between the test leads and the instrument, and check the connection of the tips of the test leads.
Replace the batteries with alkaline batteries. (p. 22)
Replace the batteries with new alkaline batteries. (p. 22)
Install the batteries in the proper orientation. (p. 22)
62
Troubleshooting
Symptom Check Items Remedy and Reference
In BPD TEST mode, [>15.0 A] appears.
Does the measurement object have capacitive components?
If an insulation resistance tester has been used for measuring the insulation resistance of the measurement object immediately before you use the FT4310, discharge the electric charge from the measurement object using the discharge function of the insulation resistance tester beforehand. Discharge the electric charge from the measurement object using a discharging bar, which is commercially available, before measurement. (p. 43)

Error Displays and Remedies

1
2
3
4
When an error is displayed on the LCD screen, repair is necessary. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller.
Error indication Description Remedy and Reference
Zero-adjustment error (resistance value of 3
or greater during the
Ω
self-check)
Failure of EEPROM that holds measured data (If you encounter an EEPROM error, reset the instrument to its factory defaults.)
Check whether the test lead is unplugged.
Turn o󰀨 power and turn on
the power once again.
5
6
7
Appx. Index
63
Troubleshooting
Error indication Description Remedy and Reference
Corrupted adjustment data
IGBT short-circuit fault Repair is required.
Repair is required.
Discharge switch short­circuit fault
Discharge capacitor life (Displayed once 800,000 cycles are reached.)
Bluetooth® is broken Repair is required.
AC voltage input
Low battery voltage
1 VΩ or greater input during the self-check
Bypass diode is open or input is open
Repair is required.
Repair is required.
Verify that you have connected the instrument properly.
Replace the batteries. (p. 22)
Check whether the test lead is connected.
64

Appx.

Appx. 1 Measurement Principles

Measurement Principles for Bypass Diodes with an Open Fault

Measure a short-circuit current of a solar panel
1
Apply current to a solar panel
2
Applied current (IB) = Short-circuit current (IA) + 1 A current
• If short-circuit current (I working correctly (OK).
• If short-circuit current (I an open fault.
Bypass diode
P
N
(+)
(-)
P
N
P
N
Applied current
Pass: I
< I
A
B
) < applied current (IB), the bypass diode is
A
) = applied current (IB), the bypass diode has
A
1
Short-circuit current Applied current
P
N
(+)
(-)
P
N
I
A
2
P
N
P
N
Normal
False: I
A
Open fault
= I
B
(+)
(-)
P
N
V
I
B
B
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Appx. Index
Appx.1
Measurement Principles

Measurement Principles for Bypass Diodes with a Short-circuit Fault

Measure an open-circuit voltage of a reference solar panel
1
(= reference voltage)
Measure an open-circuit voltage of another solar panel
2
(= measurement object voltage)
• If reference voltage (VA) = measurement object voltage (VB), the bypass diode is working correctly (OK).
• If reference voltage (V the bypass diode has a short-circuit fault.
) > measurement object voltage (VB),
A
Bypass diode
P
N
(+)
(-)
P
N
Appx.2
1
Reference panel Another panel
P
A
N
(+)
(-)
P
N
V
A
2
P
B
N
V
P
B B
N
(+)
(-)
P
N
Pass: VA = V
B
Normal Short-circuit fault
N
False: V
(+)
(-)
P
N
V
B
B
P
(+)
(-)
P
N
> V
A
B
Ueda, Nagano 386-1192 Japan 65760
Rudolf皿 Diese卜Strasse 5
Eschborn, Germany
hioki@hioki.eu
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