Hioki DT4221, DT4222 Instruction Manual

Instruction Manual

DT4221
DT4222

DIGITAL MULTIMETER

June 2014 Revised edition 1 DT4221A981-01 14-06H

Contents

Introduction ................................................................... 1

Verifying Package Contents ........................................ 1

Options (sold separately) ............................................ 2

Safety Notes .................................................................. 3

Usage Notes .................................................................. 8

1 Overview 11

1.1 Overview and Features ........................... 11

1.2 Parts Names and Functions ................... 12

1.3 Display ..................................................... 16

1.4 Alarm Display and Battery Indicator ..... 17

2 Preparation for Measurements 19

2.1 Measurement Workfl ow .......................... 19

2.2 Inserting/Replacing the Battery ............. 20

2.3 Using Test Leads ..................................... 22

2.4 Installation in Measurement Location ... 25

Hanging the instrument with the strap ................25

3 Performing Measurements 27

3.1 Inspection Before Use ............................ 27

3.2 Measuring Voltage................................... 31

Measuring AC voltage .........................................31

Measuring DC voltage ........................................32

Measurement using the AC and DC

automatic judgment (DT4221) ............................32

3.3 Measuring Frequencies .......................... 33

3.4 Checking Continuity ............................... 34

3.5 Measuring Diode (DT4222) ..................... 35

i

Contents

3.6 Measuring Resistance (DT4222) ............ 36

3.7 Measuring Electrostatic Capacities

(DT4222) ................................................... 37

3.8 Checking the Electric Charge (DT4221) 38

4 Using Instrument Conveniently 39

4.1 Selecting the Measurement Range ........ 39

Measuring with the auto range ...........................39

Measuring with the manual range .......................39

4.2 Retaining the Measured Value ............... 40

4.3 Reducing the Noise (FILTER) ................. 41

4.4 Checking the Relative Value/

Performing Zero Adjustment .................. 43

Checking the relative value (REL) ......................43

Performing zero adjustment ................................44

4.5 Turning On the Backlight ........................ 45

4.6 Using the Auto Power Save (APS) ......... 45

4.7 Power-on Option Table ........................... 46

5 Specifi cations 49

5.1 General Specifi cations ........................... 49

5.2 Electrical Characteristics ....................... 51

5.3 Accuracy Table ........................................ 53

6 Maintenance and Service 59

6.1 Repair, Inspection, and Cleaning ........... 59

6.2 Troubleshooting ...................................... 60

6.3 Error Display ............................................ 62

Appendix Appx.1

Appx. 1 RMS and Average ....................... Appx.1

ii

Introduction

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing the HIOKI DT4221, DT4222 Digital
Multimeter. To obtain maximum performance from the product,
please read this manual fi rst, and keep it handy for future
reference.

Verifying Package Contents

When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure
that no damage occurred during shipping.
In particular, check the accessories, panel switches, and
connectors. If damage is evident, or if it fails to operate
according to the specifi cations, contact your authorized Hioki
distributor or reseller.

Check the package contents as follows.

DT4221 or DT4222

DT4911 Test Lead (p. 22)

LR03 Alkaline battery × 1

Instruction Manual

DT4221 DT4222

The holster has been attached.

(English)

Instruction manuals may
also be available in other
languages.
Please visit our website at

http://www.hioki.com.

1

Options (sold separately)

Options (sold separately)

The following options are available for the instrument. Contact
your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller when ordering.

Connecting cables (p. 22)

L4933

Contact Pin Set

L4934

Small Alligator Clip Set

DT4911

Test Lead

C0200 Carrying Case

The instrument, test leads, instruction manual, and
others can be stored in the case.

Z5004 Magnetic Strap (p. 25)

Attach this strap to the instrument and secure it on
the wall surface such as a metal plate for use.

33 V AC/70 V DC

CAT III 300 V/CAT II 600 V

2

Safety Notes

Safety Notes

This instrument is designed to conform to IEC 61010 Safety
Standards, and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to
shipment. However, using the instrument in a way not described
in this manual may negate the provided safety features.

Before using the instrument, be certain to carefully read the
following safety notes.

DANGER

Mishandling during use could result in injury or
death, as well as damage to the instrument. Be
certain that you understand the instructions and
precautions in the manual before use.

WARNING

With regard to the electricity supply, there are
risks of electric shock, heat generation, fi re, and
arc discharge due to short circuits. If persons
unfamiliar with electricity measuring instruments
are to use the instrument, another person familiar
with such instruments must supervise operations.

Protective gear

WARNING

To avoid electric shock when measuring live
lines, wear appropriate protective gear, such
as insulated rubber gloves, boots and a safety
helmet.

3

Safety Notes

Notation

In this manual, the risk seriousness and the hazard levels are
classifi ed as follows.

Indicates an imminently hazardous situation

DANGER

WARNING

CAUTION

IMPORTANT

that will result in death or serious injury to the
operator.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
that may result in death or serious injury to the
operator.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
that may result in minor or moderate injury to
the operator or damage to the instrument or
malfunction.

Indicates information related to the operation of
the instrument or maintenance tasks with which
the operators must be fully familiar.

Indicates a high voltage hazard.
If a particular safety check is not performed or
the instrument is mishandled, this may give
rise to a hazardous situation; the operator may
receive an electric shock, may get burnt or may
even be fatally injured.

Indicates a strong magnetic-fi eld hazard.
The effects of the magnetic force can cause
abnormal operation of heart pacemakers and/or
medical electronics.

Indicates prohibited actions.

Indicates the action which must be performed.

*

Additional information is presented below.

4

Safety Notes

Symbols affi xed to the instrument

Indicates cautions and hazards. When the symbol is printed
on the instrument, refer to a corresponding topic in the
Instruction Manual.

Indicates that dangerous voltage may be present at this
terminal.

Indicates a double-insulated device.

Indicates a grounding terminal.

Indicates DC (Direct Current).

Indicates AC (Alternating Current).

Indicates DC (Direct Current) or AC (Alternating Current).

Symbols for various standards

Indicates the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Directive (WEEE Directive) in EU member states.

Indicates that the instrument conforms to safety regulations
set out by the EC Directive.

Screen display

This instrument uses the following screen displays.

AB CD E F GH I J K L MNOPQR S T UVWXY Z

1234567890

5

Safety Notes

Accuracy

We defi ne measurement tolerances in terms of rdg. (reading)
and dgt. (digit) values, with the following meanings:

(Reading or displayed value)

rdg.

The value currently being measured and indicated on the
measuring instrument.

(Resolution)
The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring

dgt.

instrument, i.e., the input value that causes the digital
display to show a “1” as the least signifi cant digit.

6

Safety Notes

Measurement categories

To ensure safe operation of measuring instruments, IEC 61010
establishes safety standards for various electrical environments,
categorized as CAT II to CAT IV, and called measurement
categories.

DANGER

• Using a measuring instrument in an environment

designated with a higher-numbered category
than that for which the instrument is rated
could result in a severe accident, and must be
carefully avoided.

• Using a measuring instrument without

categories in an environment designated with
the CAT II to CAT IV category could result in a
severe accident, and must be carefully avoided.

This instrument conforms to the safety requirements for CAT III 600 V,
CAT IV 300 V measuring instruments.

CAT II: When directly measuring the electrical outlet receptacles of

the primary electrical circuits in equipment connected to an
AC electrical outlet by a power cord (portable tools, household
appliances, etc.)

CAT III: When measuring the primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment

(fi xed installations) connected directly to the distribution panel,
and feeders from the distribution panel to outlets

CAT IV: When measuring the circuit from the service drop to the service

entrance, and to the power meter and primary overcurrent
protection device (distribution panel)

Distribution panel

Service entrance

Service drop

CAT IV

Power meter

See: “2.3 Using Test Leads” (p. 22)

Internal wiring

CAT III

Fixed installation

CAT II

T

Outlet

7

Usage Notes

Usage Notes

Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation and to obtain
the full benefi ts of the various functions.

DANGER

If the test lead or the instrument is damaged,
there is a risk of electric shock. Before using the
instrument, perform the following inspection.

• Before using the instrument, check that the

coating of the test leads are neither ripped nor
torn and that no metal parts are exposed. Using
the instrument under such conditions could
result in electrocution. Replace the test leads
with those specifi ed by our company.

• Before using the instrument the fi rst time, verify

that it operates normally to ensure that no
damage occurred during storage or shipping. If
you fi nd any damage, contact your authorized
Hioki distributor or reseller.

Installation

Installing the instrument in inappropriate locations may cause a
malfunction of instrument or may give rise to an accident. Avoid
the following locations.
For details on the operating temperature and humidity, see the
specifi cations. (p. 49)

CAUTION

• Exposed to direct sunlight or high temperature

• Exposed to corrosive or combustible gases

• Exposed to water, oil, chemicals, or solvents

• Exposed to high humidity or condensation

• Exposed to a strong electromagnetic fi eld or
electrostatic charge

• Exposed to high quantities of dust particles

• Near induction heating systems (such as high-frequency
induction heating systems and IH cooking equipment)

• Susceptible to vibration

8

Handling the cables

WARNING

To prevent electric shock, when measuring
the voltage of a power line use a test lead that
satisfi es the following criteria:

• Conforms to safety standards IEC61010 or

EN61010

• Of measurement category III or IV

• Its rated voltage is higher than the voltage to be

measured

All of the optional test leads for this instrument
conform to the safety standard EN61010. Use
a test lead in accordance with its defi ned
measurement category and rated voltage.

CAUTION

• Avoid stepping on or pinching the cable, which
could damage the cable insulation.

• To avoid damaging the cables, do not bend or pull
the leads and the probe bases.

The ends of the test leads are sharp. Be careful to
avoid injury.

Precautions during measurement

Usage Notes

WARNING

If the instrument is used in locations where the
rating indicated on the instrument or probes
is exceeded, the instrument may be damaged
resulting in personal injury. Do not use the
instrument in such locations.
See “Measurement categories” (p. 7).

9

Usage Notes

CAUTION

• Do not input voltage exceeding the specifi ed
measurement range. Doing so may damage the
instrument.

• During the continuity check, diode test, or
measurement of resistance or electrostatic capacity,
measurement signals are generated in the terminals
of the instrument. Depending on the target for
measurement, the measurement signal may cause
damage.
Seeing “Measurement current” and “Open circuit
voltage” in the accuracy table (p. 53), check, in
advance, that there are no adverse effects of the
measurement current and the open circuit voltage.

Precautions during shipment

Observe the following during shipment. Hioki cannot be
responsible for damage that occurs during shipment.

CAUTION

• During shipment of the instrument, handle it
carefully so that it is not damaged due to a vibration
or shock.

• To avoid damage to the instrument, remove the
accessories and optional equipment from the
instrument before shipment.

If the instrument is not to be used for an extended
period of time

IMPORTANT

To avoid corrosion and/or damage to the instrument due to
battery leakage, remove the battery from the instrument if it is
to be kept in storage for an extended period.

10

Overview

1

1.1 Overview and Features

This measuring instrument is a multi-function digital multimeter
that ensures both safety and durability.

Main features and functions

• Speedy display of the RMS measured value

• Environmental performance (can be used anywhere) (Operation
temperature: -10 to 50°C)

• Filter function that controls the infl uence of noise

• Hold function that retains the screen display

• Solid body which can be used for an extended period of time (drop­proof)

• Speedy measurement via a fast response (0 V  100 V response
approx. 0.6 seconds*)
* Until the value falls within the accuracy specifi cation range.

Problem fi nding a suitable
installation location?

The strap with magnet allows
the instrument to be hung
conveniently.

For various

Large, easily­viewable display

Backlighting to allow
users to read the
measurement values in
dark environments

purposes

The measurement
test leads and end
pins can be selected.

11

Parts Names and Functions

1.2 Parts Names and Functions

Front

Some indications are different between the DT4221 and
DT4222.

DT4221 DT4222

Display

(p. 16)

Operation

keys (p. 13)

Rotary

switch

(p. 14)

12

Operation keys

1

2

3

1

2

3

Parts Names and Functions

3

1

2

Normal

for at least 1
second

Pressed down

1

2

3

Sets the manual
range/switches
the range.

RANGE:AUTO / RANGE:MANUAL

Manually sets/
cancels the hold
function for the
displayed value.

lights up/

goes off.

Turns on/off the
backlight.

Cancels the manual
range.

Sets/cancels the
display of the
relative value
(REL).

lights up/goes

off.

Switches/cancels
the low pass fi lter
and passband
settings.

Power-on
option (p. 46)

All LCDs
light up and
the software
version is
displayed.

Cancels the
auto power save
function (APS).

APS goes off.

Turns off the
automatic
backlight
deactivation.

13

Parts Names and Functions

7

8

9

1

1

3

4

5

6

2

5

2

3

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Rotary switches and measurement descriptions

4

3

2

1

DT4221 DT4222

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

5

Function DT4221 DT4222

AC voltage measurement

DC voltage measurement

Frequency measurement

DC/AC voltage measurement
(Automatic judgment)
Input impedance 900k

Continuity check

Electrical charge measurement

Resistance measurement

Electrostatic capacity
measurement

Diode test

2

6

1

±20%



5

3







 -



 -

- 

- 

- 

7

8

9

14

Rear

1

2

Parts Names and Functions

DT4221

Test lead holder

The test lead can be held.

1

Measurement terminals

The red test lead is connected. Hereafter referred to as “V

1

terminal”.

The black test lead is connected. Hereafter referred to as “COM

2

terminal”.

2

Strap hole

The optional Z5004 Magnetic Strap
can be attached. (p. 25)

Battery cover

When replacing the battery (p. 20),
remove the cover.

(See p. 20)

Serial number label

It is necessary for production control
such as product warranty.
Do not peel off the label.

(See p. 24)

15

Display

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1.3 Display

For error displays, see “6.3 Error Display” (p.62).

56789

1
2

3
4

AC, DC

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

automatic

*1

judgment

AC, DC

Continuity check
(p.34)

Diode (p. 35)

Retention of the
measured value
(p. 40)
Relative value
display (p. 43)
The fi lter function
is activated.
(p. 41)
The auto power

save function
is activated.
(p. 45)

Battery indicator
(p. 17)

Indication (example): In the

10

case of 30 V input in the 60 V
range, the bar is displayed to
the center of the scale.

Auto range, manual range

11

(p. 39)

*1: DT4221

10
11

16

Alarm Display and Battery Indicator

1.4 Alarm Display and Battery Indicator

When the measured value exceeds the maximum
input range in each range

Voltage measurement

The measured value and OVER blink.

Corrective action:

When the input exceeds the maximum rating,
immediately move the test leads away from
the measurement object.

Measurement other than voltage

The measured value and OVER blink.

Battery warning indicator

Fully charged.

As the battery charge diminishes, black charge bars
disappear, one by one, from the left of the battery indicator.
The battery voltage is low. Replace the battery as soon as
possible.

(Blinks) The battery is exhausted. Replace the battery.

The charge is only a reference for the continuous operation time.

Power shutdown

When the charge is 0% (less than 1.15 V ± 0.2
V), “bAtt” appears in the display for 3 seconds
and the power is shut down.

17

Alarm Display and Battery Indicator

18

Preparation for

2

1

2

Measurements

2.1 Measurement Workfl ow

Before using the instrument, be sure to read “Usage Notes” (p. 8).

Installation and connection

Insert the battery. (p. 20)

Perform the startup check. (p. 27)

As necessary, have other
optional items available and
ready.

Measurement

Turn on the power and select the
measurement function.

Attach the test leads to the
measurement terminals. (p. 22)

(As necessary, perform zero adjustment. (p. 44))

Connect the test leads to the
measurement object.

(As necessary)

Hold the display of the measured value. (p. 40)

1

End of the measurement

Move the test leads away from the measurement object and then turn off the power.

2

19

Inserting/Replacing the Battery

2.2 Inserting/Replacing the Battery

Before using the instrument, insert one LR03 alkaline battery.
Before measurements, check that the battery level is suffi cient.
When the battery charge is low, replace the battery.

Nickel-metal hydride batteries

Nickel-metal hydride batteries can be used. However, the
discharge characteristic of these batteries is different from that
of alkaline batteries. Be aware that the remaining battery power
display does not function properly.

WARNING

To avoid electric shock, move the tips of the test
leads away from the measurement object before
replacing the battery.

To avoid the possibility of explosion, do not short
circuit, charge, disassemble, or incinerate batteries.

After battery replacement but before using the
instrument, reattach and screw down the battery
cover.

CAUTION

Poor performance or damage from battery leakage
could result. Observe the cautions listed below.

•Do not use old batteries.

• Be careful to observe the battery polarity during
installation.

• Do not use batteries after their recommended expiry date.

• Do not allow the used battery to remain in the instrument.

• To avoid corrosion from battery leakage and/or
damage to the instrument, remove the battery from the
instrument if it is to be kept in storage for an extended
period.

20

Inserting/Replacing the Battery

• The indicator appears when the battery charge diminishes.
Replace the battery as soon as possible. The power may be turned
off when the backlight lights up or a buzzer sounds.

• After use, be sure to turn off the instrument.

• Handle and dispose of batteries in accordance with local
regulations.

Have the following items

1

available and ready.

• Phillips screwdriver

• Alkaline (LR03) battery × 1

Move the tips of the test

2

Rear

Screw

leads away from the
measurement object.

Set the rotary switch to

3

OFF.

Using a Phillips

4

screwdriver, remove the
screw (1 location) from the
battery cover on the rear of
the instrument.

Remove the battery cover.

5

Remove the old battery.

6

Insert one new battery

7

(LR03), being careful of the
battery polarity.

Reattach the battery cover.

8

Secure the cover with the

9

screw.

21

Using Test Leads

2.3 Using Test Leads

The DT4911 Test Leads supplied with the instrument are used
for measurements.
Depending on measurement locations, use our optional parts.
For details on the optional items, see “Options (sold separately)”
(p. 2).

WARNING

• To prevent a short circuit accident, be sure to

use the test leads with the sleeves attached
when performing measurements in the CAT
III and CAT IV measurement categories. (See
“Measurement categories” (p. 7))

• If the sleeves are inadvertently removed during

measurement, stop the measurement.

CAUTION

• To ensure safe operation, use only test leads
specifi ed by our company.

• When carrying out measurements with the sleeves
in place, be careful to avoid damaging the sleeves.

• The tips of the metal pins are sharp and may cause
injury. Do not touch the tips.

22

DT4911 Test Lead

Barriers

Using Test Leads

Sleeves

Plugs

Metal pin Connect to the object to be measured.

Approx. 3 mm (sleeve attached)
Approx. 15 mm (sleeve removed)

Sleeve Attach to the metal pins to prevent short circuit accidents.

Barrier Represents the safe handling distance from the metal

pins.

Plug Connect to the measurement terminals on this instrument.

Cable Double sheathed cables (Length: approx. 540 mm)

Cables

During measurement, do not touch the area
between the barrier and the tip of the sleeve.

When the white portion inside the cable is exposed,
replace with a new DT4911 Test Lead.

Metal pins

Removing and attaching the sleeves

Removing the sleeves Attaching the sleeves

Gently hold the bottom of the
sleeves and pull the sleeves off.
Safely store the removed sleeves
so as not to lose them.

Insert the metal pins of the test
leads into the holes of the sleeves,
and fi rmly push them all the way
in.

23

Using Test Leads

Connecting to the instrument

CAUTION

• When removing the test leads from the
measurement terminals, hold the end of the plugs.

• Do not pull the cables with excessive force, as they
may be broken.

24

BlackRed

When connecting the test leads to the
instrument, push them as far as possible into
the measurement terminals while holding the
end of the plugs.

COM terminal Connect the black test lead.
V terminal Connect the red test lead.

Installation in Measurement Location

2.4 Installation in Measurement Location

Hanging the instrument with the strap

Attach the optional Z5004 Magnetic Strap to the instrument and
attach the magnet to the wall surface (with metal plate affi xed).

DANGER

Those with medical electronics such as
pacemakers should not use the Z5004 Magnetic
Strap. Nor should such persons approach the
Z5004. It is extremely dangerous. The electronics
may not operate properly and the life of the
operator may be put at great risk.

CAUTION

• Do not use the Z5004 in locations where it may
be exposed to rainwater, dust, or condensation. In
those conditions, the Z5004 may be decomposed
or deteriorated. The magnet adhesion may be
diminished. In such case, the instrument may not be
hung in place and may fall.

• Do not bring the Z5004 near magnetic media such
as fl oppy disks, magnetic cards, pre-paid cards, or
magnetized tickets. Doing so may corrupt and may
render them unusable. Furthermore, if the Z5004 is
brought near precision electronic equipment such
as PCs, TV screens, or electronic wrist watches,
they may fail.

25

Installation in Measurement Location

Strap holes

Front Rear

26

Magnet

Attach it to the wall surface

(with metal plate affi xed).

Performing Measurements

3

3.1 Inspection Before Use

Before using the instrument the fi rst time, verify that it operates
normally to ensure that no damage occurred during storage or
shipping. If you fi nd any damage, contact your authorized Hioki
distributor or reseller.

Appearance check of the instrument and test leads

Check item Action

The instrument is neither
damaged nor cracked.
The internal circuits are not
exposed.

The terminals are not
contaminated with debris.

The coating of the test leads is
neither broken nor frayed, or
the white portion or metal part
within the lead is exposed.

Check when turning on the power

(Set the rotary switch to any position other than OFF.)

Check item Action

The battery voltage is suffi cient. When the

Visually check the instrument.
If it is damaged, there is a risk
of electric shock. Do not use the
instrument but send it for repair.

Remove contamination with a cotton
swab.

If the test lead is damaged, there is a
risk of electric shock. Do not use the
instrument but send it for repair.

indicator appears in
the top right corner of the display,
the battery voltage is low. Replace
the battery as soon as possible.
The power may be turned off when
the backlight lights up or a buzzer
sounds.

27

Inspection Before Use

Check item Action

No indicators are missing. Display all indicators and ensure that

no indicators are missing. (p. 46)
If any of the indicators are missing,
send the instrument for repair.

Operation check

This section introduces some of the operation checks. Periodical
calibration is necessary in order to ensure that this instrument
operates according to its specifi cations.

Check that the test leads are not broken.

1

Check method Action

Regarding the continuity check,
deliberately short circuit the test
leads and then check the display.

For the DT4221
(The position of the rotary switch
varies depending on the model.)

Normal:

A buzzer sounds and the value
stabilizes at around 0

Abnormal:

A buzzer does not sound and
a numeric value other than the
above appears.

Corrective action:

The test leads may be broken.
Replace with those specifi ed by
our company.
If the same phenomena persist
even after the test leads are
replaced, a malfunction may have
occurred. Halt inspection and then
send the instrument for repair.

.



28

Inspection Before Use

Measure samples (such as battery, commercial power

2

supply, and resistor) of which values have already been
known, and check that the appropriate values appear.

Check method Action

Example:
Perform the AC voltage
measurement to measure the
commercial power supply, and
then check the display.

Normal:

An already-known value appears.
(In this example, the commercial
voltage level should appear.)

Abnormal:

The measured value does not
appear.
A malfunction may have occurred.
Stop the inspection and do not
use the instrument.

29

Inspection Before Use

Check that the electrical charge detection function

3

operates normally. (Only the DT4221)

Check method Action

Position the detector on a known
power supply, such as a power outlet.

Normal:

A buzzer sounds.

Abnormal:

A buzzer does not sound and
the display does not change.

Solution:

A malfunction may have
occurred. Stop the inspection
and do not use the instrument.

To check the electric charge properly, do not use the instrument with
test leads wrapped around the instrument. The detection sensitivity
of electric charge measurement deteriorates.

Before measurements

WARNING

Observe the following to avoid short circuit
accidents.

• Always verify the appropriate setting of the

rotary switch before connecting the test leads.

• Disconnect the test leads from the measurement

object before switching the rotary switch.

• Operate or connect the instrument by following

the procedure of each measurement example (or
procedure steps).

30

Measuring Voltage

1

2

3.2 Measuring Voltage

AC/DC voltage measurement and measurement using the
AC and DC automatic judgment (only the DT4221) can be
performed.

Before measurements

WARNING

If the instrument is used in locations where the
rating indicated on the instrument or probes
is exceeded, the instrument may be damaged
resulting in personal injury. Do not use the
instrument in such locations.
See “Measurement categories” (p. 7).

The autoranging function of this instrument automatically
selects the optimum measurement range. To change the range
arbitrarily, use the manual range. (p. 39)

Measuring AC voltage

Measure the AC voltage.
The measured value is a true RMS. (p. Appx.1)

1

2

31

Measuring Voltage

2

1

2

2

1

Measuring DC voltage

Measure the DC voltage.

1

2

Measurement using the AC and DC automatic judgment (DT4221)

The AC and DC are automatically judged and the voltage is measured.
(The instrument does not measure both AC and DC at the same time)

32

voltage

AC

1

2

DC

voltage

1

2

Measuring Frequencies

1

2

3.3 Measuring Frequencies

The frequency can be checked. The frequency display is
autoranging. The AC voltage range can be changed by pressing
the RANGE key.

• If signals out of the range of frequency measurement are measured,
“-----” appears. Be aware of it.
In a measurement environment with a large amount of noise, the

•
frequency may be displayed even with no input. This does not
indicate a malfunction of the instrument.

• The sensitivity of the frequency measurement is regulated by range.
(Minimum sensitivity voltage (p. 54))
When the value is less than the minimum sensitivity voltage, the
indicated value may fl uctuate. When the voltage range is lowered,
the value stabilizes. This does not apply to cases where the value
fl uctuates due to noise.

• During the measurement of low frequency voltage, if the auto range
does not stabilize and the frequency cannot be measured, fi x the
voltage range and measure again.

The frequency is measured.

1

2

33

Checking Continuity

1

2

3.4 Checking Continuity

The input short circuit is detected and informed via a buzzer.

WARNING

Before measuring, be sure to turn off the power to
the measurement circuit. Otherwise, electric shock
may occur or the instrument may be damaged.

1

Detection Threshold Buzzer

Short circuit detection 25

Open detection 245

2

For the DT4221
(The position of the rotary
switch varies depending on
the model.)



± 10

± 10







Sounds
(continuous
buzzer sound)

Does not sound

34

Measuring Diode (DT4222)

2

1

3.5 Measuring Diode (DT4222)

The forward voltage of the diode is measured. If the forward
voltage is within the range from 0.15 V to 1.5 V, it is indicated
via a buzzer (intermittent buzzer sound).

WARNING

Before measuring, be sure to turn off the power to
the measurement circuit. Otherwise, electric shock
may occur or the instrument may be damaged.

In the case of the opposite

AnodeCathode

2

1

The open terminal voltage is approx. 2.5 V or less.
To avoid damage to the measurement object, check the
specifi cations of the measurement object before use.

connection

35

Measuring Resistance (DT4222)

2

1

3.6 Measuring Resistance (DT4222)

Resistance is measured.
To measure the low resistance accurately, it is necessary to
cancel the resistance of the test leads. Perform zero adjustment
for the displayed value using the relative value display (relative
function) in advance.

WARNING

Before measuring, be sure to turn off the power to
the measurement circuit. Otherwise, electric shock
may occur or the instrument may be damaged.

2

1

The open terminal voltage is approx. 1.8 V or less. The
measurement current (DC) varies depending on the range.
To avoid damage to the measurement object, check the
specifi cations before use.

36

Measuring Electrostatic Capacities (DT4222)

2

1

3.7 Measuring Electrostatic

Capacities (DT4222)

The capacity of the capacitor is measured.

WARNING

Before measuring, be sure to turn off the power to
the measurement circuit. Otherwise, electric shock
may occur or the instrument may be damaged.

Do not measure the capacitor which has been
charged.

2

1

When measuring the polar capacitor

• Connect the V terminal (red test lead) to the + terminal of

the capacitor and the COM terminal (black test lead) to the

- terminal.

• For components on a circuit board, measurement may not

be possible due to the effect of the peripheral circuit.

37

Checking the Electric Charge (DT4221)

2

1

3.8 Checking the Electric Charge

(DT4221)

Whether a power line is energized can be checked easily. If the
power line is energized, it is indicated via a buzzer and display.
Use this function for coated power lines. The detection may not
be made depending on the measurement conditions.

WARNING

To avoid electric shock, do not use the instrument
with test leads fi xed to the lead holders.

• To check the electric charge properly, do not use the instrument

with test leads wrapped around the instrument. The detection
sensitivity of electric charge measurement deteriorates.

• Check that the detection function operates normally before use.

(p. 30)

Select the measurement

1

2

1

function.

Move the instrument

2

close to the power line.

When the detection level is
exceeded, a buzzer sounds.

38

Reference detection level
Reference detection level for the
power line
80 V AC to 600 V AC

Using Instrument Conveniently

4

4.1 Selecting the Measurement Range

Auto or Manual range can be selected. In the case of
measurement where the desired range can be selected,

[RANGE:] lights up at the bottom of the display.

•

Auto range Sets the optimum range automatically in

• Manual range Sets the specifi c range manually.

Measuring with the auto range

When the measurement function is switched using the rotary
switch, the auto range is enabled.

Measuring with the manual range

accordance with the actual measurement.

(When the relative value (REL) function is enabled,
the range cannot be changed.)

[RANGE: AUTO] lights up.

Press .

[RANGE: MANUAL] lights up.

Each time
When the key is pressed at the highest range, the
lowest range is specifi
Example: When the range is 6.000 V to 600.0 V

is pressed, the range is switched.

ed once again.

6 V  60 V  600 V  6 V

To switch from the manual range to the auto range, press

for at least 1 second.

39

Retaining the Measured Value

4.2 Retaining the Measured Value

The measured value is retained. (The bar graph is updated.)

To retain the measured value,

press

([HOLD] lights up and the measurement
value is retained.)

To cancel the hold state, press it again.

([HOLD] goes off.)

.

40

Reducing the Noise (FILTER)

4.3 Reducing the Noise (FILTER)

WARNING

To avoid electric shock or other personal injury,
select the appropriate passband setting when
measuring the AC voltage. If an inappropriate
frequency is selected, the measured value
displayed will not be correct.

The infl uence of high-frequency noise can be reduced with the
low pass fi lter (digital fi lter).
This function can be used when measuring the AC voltage, and
the AC and DC automatic judgment.
The passband setting for the low pass fi lter can be selected.

Example 1 (FILTER: OFF)

Press for at least 1

second.

(Current FILTER setting is displayed.)

Example 2 (FILTER: 100 Hz)

• When the desired passband setting is displayed for 2

seconds, the setting is applied and then the measurement
display reappears.

• If the FILTER setting is changed, the relative value function

(REL) will be canceled.

Each time
current FILTER setting is displayed, the
passband setting is changed.

[OFF] → [100 Hz] → [500 Hz] → [OFF]

is pressed while the

41

Reducing the Noise (FILTER)

Example of frequency property when a fi lter is used

Measured

value [V]

140

140

120

120

100

100

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

(AC voltage 600.0 V range, 100 V input)

0

0

Filter OFF
Passband 500 [Hz]
Passband 100 [Hz]

10 100 1000 10000

Frequency at 100 V input (Hz)

Example: Power frequency on an aircraft or marine vessel is

400 Hz
When voltage is 100 V

FILTER setting Displayed value

Normal

Abnormal 100 Hz Around 0 V

OFF

500 Hz

Approx. 100 V

42

Checking the Relative Value/Performing Zero Adjustment

4.4 Checking the Relative Value/

Performing Zero Adjustment

The relative value comparing to the standard value can be
checked (relative function).
It can also be used as the zero adjustment function.
Zero adjustment eliminates the infl uences of the test lead wiring
resistance (continuity, resistance measurement) and the wiring
capacity (capacitor measurement).

When the following measurement function is selected, this
function is disabled.
AUTO V, Frequency, Diode, Electric charge measurement

Checking the relative value (REL)

Example 1: DC voltage measurement

When the standard value is
measured, press for at

least 1 second.

[ ] lights up.

The relative value is displayed.

To cancel the state, press it for at least 1
second again.

] goes off.)

([

43

Checking the Relative Value/Performing Zero Adjustment

3

4

1

2

3

4

2

Performing zero adjustment

When performing zero adjustment, the condition of the test
leads varies depending on the measurement function.
Perform zero adjustment, referring to the table below.

Measurement function

Condition of the test leads Short circuit Open

2

1

4

2

1

4

V, ,

Example 1: Resistance
measurement

Select the measurement

1

function.
Connect the test leads

2

to the measurement

3

3

terminals.
Allow the test leads to

3

short circuit.

Press for at

4

least 1 second.

(After zero adjustment: 0.0)

Measure the resistance.

5

Example 2: Capacitor
measurement

Select the measurement

1

function.
Connect the test leads

2

to the measurement
terminals.

Allow the test leads to

3

open.

Press for at

4

least 1 second.

(After zero adjustment: 0.000 F)

Measure the capacitor.

5

(DT4222)

(DT4222)

44

Turning On the Backlight

4.5 Turning On the Backlight

The backlight can be turned on/off by pressing .

The backlight automatically turns off if the instrument is not
operated for 40 seconds.
The automatic backlight deactivation function can be disabled.
(p. 46)

4.6 Using the Auto Power Save (APS)

The auto power save function saves on battery consumption. If
the instrument has not been operated for 15 minutes, it enters
the sleep mode. When the sleep mode continues for approx. 45
minutes, the power turns off automatically.
In the default setting, the auto power save function is set to

enabled. (
It is also possible to disable the auto power save function.

At 30 seconds before the instrument enters the sleep mode,
the APS blinks to indicate its status. To continuously use the
instrument, press any key or turn the rotary switch.

Auto power save function

• When the instrument is in the sleep mode, press any key or

turn the rotary switch to recover from the sleep mode.

• If the instrument will be used for an extended period of

time, disable the auto power save function. (p.46)

• After use, set the rotary switch to OFF. The sleep mode

consumes a small amount of current.

lights up.)

Recovering from a power shutdown

Set the rotary switch to OFF and turn on the power again.

45

Power-on Option Table

4.7 Power-on Option Table

The settings in the instrument can be changed or checked.
When the power is turned off, the settings are disabled.
When the operation key is released after changing the setting,
the regular display then reappears.

+

Canceling
the auto
power save
function

(APS)

Turn on the power while pressing the operation key.

(Turn the rotary switch from OFF.)

Setting
change

The APS and OFF displays are shown alternately.

Method

(APS goes off.) (See p. 45)

(See p. 45)

Disabling the
automatic
backlight
deactivation

46

The backlight-auto and OFF displays are shown
alternately.

Power-on Option Table

Setting
change

Checking
the software
version

Displaying all
indicators

Method

(First position from OFF)

Example: Ver 1.00

(Second position from OFF)

Check that there are no missing indicators. If any
indicator is missing, stop using the instrument and
send it for repair.

47

Power-on Option Table

48

Specifi cations

5

5.1 General Specifi cations

Power supply LR03 Alkaline battery × 1

Battery indicator
warning voltage

Dimensions Approx. 72 W × 149 H × 38 D mm (2.83 W ×

Mass Approx. 190 g (6.7 oz.) (including the battery and

Operating
environment

Operating
temperature and
humidity

Storage
temperature and
humidity

Dustproof and
waterproof

lights up.

•

• lights up.

• lights up.

• blinks.

• Power shutdown Less than 1.15 V

*1: Error: ±0.2 V

5.87 H × 1.50 D) (including the holster and rotary
switch)

holster)

Indoors, pollution degree 2, altitude up to 2,000 m
(6,562-ft.)

• Temperature

-10°C to 50°C (14°F to 122°F)

• Humidity

-10°C to 40°C (14°F to 104°F): 80% RH or less
(non-condensating)
40°C to 45°C (104°F to 113°F): 60% RH or less
(non-condensating)
45°C to 50°C (113°F to 122°F): 50% RH or less
(non-condensating)

-30°C to 60°C (-22°F to 140°F), 80% RH or less
(non-condensating)

IP42 (EN60529)

1.4 V or more
Less than 1.3 V to 1.4 V
Less than 1.2 V to 1.3 V
Less than 1.15 V to 1.2 V

*1

*1

*1

*1

*1

49

General Specifi cations

Drop-proof

distance

Product
warranty period

Accessories • DT4911 Test Lead

Options See: “Options (sold separately)” (p. 2)

Applicable
standards

1 m on concrete (with the holster attached)

3 years (excluding the measurement accuracy)

• Holster (attached to the instrument, with a test
lead holder)

• Instruction Manual

• LR03 Alkaline battery × 1 (not installed in the
instrument)

• Safety: EN61010

• EMC: EN61326

50

Electrical Characteristics

5.2 Electrical Characteristics

Noise
suppression

NMRR

Noise
suppression

CMRR

Response time

(Auto range)

Display update
rate

Dielectric
strength

Maximum rated
voltage between
terminals

Maximum rated
voltage between
input terminals
and ground

• DCV: -60 dB or more (50 Hz/60 Hz)

• DCV: -100 dB or more (DC/50 Hz/60 Hz, 1k



unbalance)

• ACV: -60 dB or more (DC/50 Hz/60 Hz, 1k



unbalance)

• Power ON time: Within 2 seconds
(When the range does not move until the
measured value is displayed on the LCD screen)

• DCV: 0.7 to 0.8 seconds (0 V  100 V auto
range operation)

• ACV: 0.6 to 0.7 seconds (0 V  100 V auto
range operation)

•: 1.0 to 1.1 seconds (Infi nity  0 auto range
operation)

*1

*1

*1

• Measured value: 5 times/s (excluding
electrostatic capacity and frequency after the
range is fi xed)

0.05 to 5 times/s (varies depending on the
electrostatic capacity)
1 to 2 times/s (frequency)

*2

*2

*2

• Bar graph: Updated 40 times/s

Between the measurement terminal and case

7.06 kV AC sine wave (50 Hz/60 Hz, 60 seconds)

6

600 V DC/AC or 3 × 10

V • Hz

600 V AC (Measurement category III)
300 V AC (Measurement category IV)
Anticipated transient overvoltage: 6000 V

51

Electrical Characteristics

Rated power
voltage

Maximum rated
power

Rated power • 36 mVA +20% or less

Continuous
operating time

*1: Until the values stabilize within the accuracy specifi cation range.
*2: Measured within the measurement range (excluding range

movement).

1.5 V DC × 1
LR03 Alkaline battery × 1

220 mVA
Power voltage 1.5 V, continuity measurement input
short-circuited, backlight lit

Power voltage 1.5 V, DCV measurement,
backlight off

• 6 mVA +20% or less
Power voltage 1.5 V, auto power save function
activated

LR03 alkaline battery, backlight off: Approx. 40
hours

52

Accuracy Table

5.3 Accuracy Table

Accuracy warranty period 1 year

Regulated power supply range Until the power shutdown (1.15 V ± 0.2 V)

Accuracy guarantee for
temperature and humidity

Temperature characteristic

• rdg. (reading or displayed value): The value currently being measured
and displayed on the measuring instrument.

• dgt. (resolution): The smallest displayable unit, i.e., the input value that
causes the digital display to show a “1”.

AC voltage

1

Range

6.000 V ±1.0% rdg. ±3 dgt. ±2.5% rdg. ±3 dgt. 11.2M

60.00 V ±1.0% rdg. ±3 dgt. ±2.0% rdg. ±3 dgt. 10.3M

600.0 V

40 to 500 Hz

±1.0% rdg. ±3 dgt. ±2.0% rdg. ±3 dgt. 10.2M

23°C ± 5°C (73°F ± 9°F), 80%RH or
less (non-condensating)

•Adds “Measurement accuracy × 0.1/°C”
(except 23°C ± 5°C (73°F ± 9°F))

•For resistance 60.00M range,
adds “Measurement accuracy ×

0.4/°C”(except 23°C ± 5°C (73°F ± 9°F))

*1

Accuracy

Over 500 Hz to

1 kHz

Input

impedance

±2.0%



100 pF or less

±2.0%



100 pF or less

±1.5%



100 pF or less

• Overload protection: 660 V DC/660 V AC or 3 × 106 V • Hz (energized for 1 minute)
Transient overvoltage: 6000 V

• Crest factor: The crest factor is 3 up to 4000 counts and reduces
linearly to 2 at 6000 counts.

• Connection method: AC coupling

• Auto range movement threshold: 6,000 counts or more for upper range
540 counts or less for lower range

*1: The accuracy is specifi ed in 1% or more of the range, however, ±5

dgt. should be added to 5% or less of the range.

53

Accuracy Table

• Accuracy guarantee range for frequency: 40 Hz to 1 kHz (Measured values
outside the accuracy guarantee range for frequency are also displayed.)
The accuracy is not specifi ed for strain waveforms outside the range of
40 Hz to 1 kHz.

• For 100 Hz with the fi lter ON, ±1.5% rdg. is added to the accuracy
specifi cation between 40 Hz and 100 Hz and the accuracy is not
specifi ed in 100 Hz or more.

• For 500 Hz with the fi lter ON, ±0.5% rdg. is added to the accuracy
specifi cation between 40 Hz and 500 Hz and the accuracy is not
specifi ed in 500 Hz or more.

Frequency

2

Range Accuracy

99.99 Hz ±0.1% rdg. ±2 dgt.

999.9 Hz ±0.1% rdg. ±2 dgt.

9.999 kHz ±0.1% rdg. ±2 dgt.

• Auto range movement threshold: 9,999 counts or more for upper range
900 counts or less for lower range

*1

Frequency minimum sensitivity voltage (sine wave)

Range

99.99 Hz

999.9 Hz

9.999 kHz

Measurement

range

5.00 Hz to

*1

99.99 Hz

100.0 Hz to

999.9 Hz

1.000 kHz to

9.999 kHz

6.000 V 60.00 V 600.0 V

0.600 V or
more

0.600 V or
more

0.600 V or
more

AC voltage range

6.00 V or more 60.0 V or more

6.00 V or more 60.0 V or more

6.00 V or more 60.0 V or more

• The input is up to 3 × 106 V • Hz.

• “---- ” appears when no measurement can be made.

*1: The measurement range from 5.00 Hz is only for the 6.000 V range.

The measurement range for other voltage ranges is 40.00 Hz to 99.99 Hz.

54

Accuracy Table

DC voltage

3

Range Accuracy Input impedance

600.0 mV ±0.5% rdg. ±5 dgt. 11.2M

6.000 V ±0.5% rdg. ±5 dgt. 11.2M

60.00 V ±0.5% rdg. ±5 dgt. 10.3M

600.0 V ±0.5% rdg. ±5 dgt. 10.2M

• Overload protection: 660 V DC/660 V AC or 3 × 10
for 1 minute)

• Auto range movement threshold: 6,000 counts or more for upper range
540 counts or less for lower range

AUTO V

4

*1

Range

600.0 V ±2.0% rdg. ±3 dgt. ±4.0% rdg. ±3 dgt. 900k ±20%

• Overload protection: 660 V DC/660 V AC or 3 × 10
for 1 minute)
Transient overvoltage: 6000 V

• Crest factor: The crest factor is 3 up to 4000 counts and reduces linearly to
2 at 6000 counts.

• Connection method: DC coupling

*1: For AC voltage, the accuracy is specifi ed in 1% or more of the range,

however, ±5 dgt. should be added to 5% or less of the range.

• Accuracy guarantee range for frequency: 40 Hz to 1 kHz (Measured
values outside the accuracy guarantee range for frequency are also
displayed.)
The accuracy is not specifi ed for strain waveforms outside the range of
40 Hz to 1 kHz.

• For 100 Hz with the fi lter ON, ±1.5% rdg. is added to the accuracy
specifi cation between 40 Hz and 100 Hz and the accuracy is not
specifi ed in 100 Hz or more.

• For 500 Hz with the fi lter ON, ±0.5% rdg. is added to the accuracy
specifi cation between 40 Hz and 500 Hz and the accuracy is not
specifi ed in 500 Hz or more.

DC, 40 to 500 Hz Over 500 Hz to 1 kHz

Accuracy

±2.0%



±2.0%



±2.0%



±1.5%



6

V • Hz (energized

Input impedance

6

V • Hz (energized

55

Accuracy Table

Continuity

5

Range Accuracy Measurement current

600.0

• Open circuit voltage: 1.8 V DC or less

• Overload protection: 600 V DC/600 V AC or 3 × 10
for 1 minute)
Current under overload: Steady state 15 mA or less, transient state 0.8 A
or less

• Continuity ON threshold: 25

• Continuity OFF threshold: 245

• Response time: Open circuit or short circuit is detected for at least

0.5 ms.

• Accuracy guarantee condition: After zero adjustment has been performed

Resistance

6

Range Accuracy Measurement current

600.0

6.000k

60.00k

600.0k±0.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 1 A ±20%

6.000M

60.00M

• Open circuit voltage: 1.8 V DC or less

• Overload protection: 600 V DC/600 V AC or 3 × 10
for 1 minute)
Current under short circuit: 300 A or less
Current under overload: Steady state 15 mA or less, transient state 0.8 A
or less

• Maximum capacity load: 10 mF

• Maximum inductive load: 10 H

• Accuracy guarantee condition: After zero adjustment has been performed

• Auto range movement threshold: 6,000 counts or more for upper range
540 counts or less for lower range

±1.0% rdg. ±5 dgt. 200 A ±20%





±0.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 200 A ±20%



±0.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 100 A ±20%



±0.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 10 A ±20%



±0.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 100 nA ±20%



±1.5% rdg. ±5 dgt. 10 nA ±20%



6

V • Hz (energized

± 10 (continuous buzzer sound)

± 10





6

V • Hz (energized

56

Accuracy Table

Electrostatic capacity

7

Range Accuracy Charging current

1.000 F ±1.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 10 n/100 n/1 A ±20%

10.00 F ±1.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 100 n/1 /10 A ±20%

100.0 F ±1.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 1 /10 /100 A ±20%

1.000 mF ±1.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 10 /100 /200 A ±20%

10.00 mF ±5.0% rdg. ±20 dgt. 100 /200 A ±20%

• Open circuit voltage: 1.8 V DC or less

• Overload protection: 600 V DC/600 V AC or 3 × 10
for 1 minute)
Current under short circuit: 300 A or less
Current under overload: Steady state 15 mA or less, transient state 0.8 A
or less

• Maximum count for each range: 1100 (1000 for 10.00 mF)

• Auto range movement threshold: 1100 counts or more for upper range
100 counts or less for lower range

Diode

8

Range Accuracy

1.500 V ±0.9% rdg. ±5 dgt. 0.5 mA ±20%

• Overload protection: 600 V DC/600 V AC or 3 × 10
for 1 minute)
Current under short circuit: 0.7 mA or less
Current under overload: Steady state 15 mA or less, transient state 0.8 A
or less

• During the forward connection, an intermittent buzzer sounds (threshold:

0.15 V to 1.5 V).

• A continuous buzzer sounds at 0.15 V or less.

Measurement

current

6

V • Hz (energized

Open circuit voltage

2.5 V DC or less
Voltage drop due to
battery consumption

6

V • Hz (energized

57

Accuracy Table

Electric charge

9

Detection voltage range*1Detection target frequency

80 V AC to 600 V AC 50/60 Hz

• During voltage detection, a continuous buzzer sounds.

*1: In contact with the insulated wire that is equivalent to IV2 mm

2

.

58

Maintenance and Service

6

6.1 Repair, Inspection, and Cleaning

DANGER

Customers are not allowed to modify, disassemble,
or repair the instrument.
Doing so may cause fi re, electric shock, or injury.

Calibrations

IMPORTANT

Periodic calibration is necessary in order to ensure that the
instrument provides correct measurement results of the
specifi ed accuracy.

The calibration frequency varies depending on the status of
the instrument or installation environment. We recommend that
the calibration frequency is determined in accordance with the
status of the instrument or installation environment and that you
request that calibration be performed periodically.

Cleaning

• To clean the instrument, wipe it gently with a soft cloth

moistened with water or mild detergent.

• Wipe the display gently with a soft, dry cloth.

IMPORTANT

Never use solvents such as benzene, alcohol, acetone, ether,
ketones, thinners or gasoline, as they can deform and discolor
the case.

Disposal

Handle and dispose of the instrument in accordance with local
regulations.

59

Troubleshooting

6.2 Troubleshooting

• When a malfunction of the instrument is suspected, check the

information in “Before sending the instrument for repair” and
then, if necessary, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or
reseller.

• When sending the instrument for repair, remove the battery

and pack it carefully to prevent damage during transportation.
Include cushioning material so the instrument cannot move
within the package. Be sure to include details of the problem.
Hioki cannot be responsible for damage that occurs during
transportation.

Before sending the instrument for repair

Symptom Check and/or corrective action

Nothing appears in
the display.

Or the display
disappears after a
short time.

The measurement
value does not
appear.
Even after the
measurement, 0
(zero) still appears.

Even after short
circuit of the probe,
the measured value
does not appear.

Zero adjustment is
not possible.

Check that the battey is not exhausted.
Replace with a new battery. (p. 20)

Check that the auto power save function has
not been activated.
Check the setting of the auto power save
function. (p. 45)

Check that the test lead is not broken.
Perform the continuity check to confi rm the
continuity of the test leads. (p. 28)
If the test lead is broken, replace the lead.

Check that the test leads have been inserted
at the ends.
Check that the measurement method is
correct.
If no problems have been found, the
instrument may be malfunctioning. Send the
instrument for repair.

60

Symptom Check and/or corrective action

The display does
not stabilize and the
value fl uctuates; it is
diffi cult to read the
value.

Turning on the power
brings up the error
display.

When nothing is
connected, the error
display appears.

Question Solution

Would like to perform
zero adjustment.

Can rechargeable
batteries be used?

Check that the input signal is within the input
range for the instrument.
If there is any infl uence from noise, use the
fi lter function of the instrument. (p. 41)

Reset the instrument. If the same symptom
still occurs even after resetting the instrument,
send the instrument for repair.

Using the relative value display function, zero
adjustment can be performed. (p. 44)

Rechargeable batteries can be used.
However, the discharge characteristic of
these batteries is different from that of alkaline
batteries. Be aware that the remaining battery
power display does not function properly.

Troubleshooting

61

Error Display

6.3 Error Display

Error

display

Err 1

Err 2

Err 4

Err 5

Description Solution

ROM error
Program

ROM error
Adjustment data

EEPROM error
Memory data

ADC error
Hardware malfunction

When the error appears in
the display
repair the instrument.
Contact your authorized
Hioki distributor or reseller.

, it is necessary to

62

Appendix

Appx. 1 RMS and Average

Difference between the RMS and Average

When converting AC to RMS, 2 methods are available, “True
RMS method (True RMS indication)” and “Average method
(Average rectifying RMS indication)”.
In the case of the sine wave where no skew is included, the same
values are indicated in both methods. However, if the waveform
is skewed, a difference occurs between the 2 methods.

The true RMS method is applied to this instrument.
In the true RMS method, the high frequency component is also
included and displayed.
In the average method, the input waveform is handled as a
sine wave where no skew is included (only single frequency).
The average of the AC signal is obtained, converted to the
RMS, and then displayed. If the waveform is skewed, a greater
measurement error occurs.

Measurement example True RMS Average rectifying

100 V sine wave 100 V 100 V

100 V square wave 100 V 111 V

V(t)

Vm

Sine wave

Vm: Maximum value, Vavg: Average value, Vrms: RMS, T: Time period

t

V(t)

Vm=Vavg=VrmsVavg Vrms

TT

Square wave

t



Appx.1

RMS and Average

Appx.2

13-09