Introduction
3453, 3453-01
DIGITAL MΩ HiTESTER
Instruction Manual
January 2012 Revised edition 11
Printed in Japan
3453A981-11 12-01H
1.For safety, set the function selector to OFF and
remove the test lead from the instrument.
2. Loosen the screw located at the center of the
back of the instrument and remove the battery
cover.
3.Replace all four batteries.
4.Reinstall the battery cover and fasten the screw.
Thank you for purchasing the HIOKI 3453, 3453-01 DIGITAL MΩ HiTESTER.
T o obtain maximum performance from the instrum ent, please read this manual
first, and keep it handy for future reference.
Initial Inspection
When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefull y to ens ure that no damage
occurred during shipping. In particular, check the accessories, panel switches,
and connectors. If damage is evident, or if it fails to operate according to the
specifications, contact your dealer or Hioki representative.
Preliminary Checks
• Before using the instrument the first time, verify that it operates normally to
ensure that the no damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you find
any damage, contact your dealer or Hioki representative.
• Before using the instrument, make sure that the insulation on the tes t leads
and connection cords is undamaged and confirm that the white or red portion
(insulation layer) inside the cable is not exposed. If a color inside the cable is
exposed, do not use the cable. Using the prod uct in such conditions could
cause an electric shock, so contact your dealer or Hioki representative for
replacements (Model L9787).
Maintenance and Service
• To clean the instrument, wipe it gently with a soft cloth moistened with water or
mild detergent. Never use solvents such as benzene, alcohol, acetone, ether,
ketones, thinners or gasoline, as they can deform and discolor the case.
• If the instrument seems to be malfunctioning, confirm that the batteries are
not discharged, and that the test lea ds is not open circui ted befor e conta cting
your dealer or Hioki representative. When sending the instrument for repair,
remove the batteries and p ack c ar efull y to pre vent damage in transit. Include
cushioning material so the instrument cannot move within the package. Be
sure to include details of the problem. Hioki cannot be responsible for damage that occurs during shipment.
• When an indication Err.2 appears, send the instrument for repair.
Specifications
General Specifications
Display Max. 4000 LCD
Sampling rate twice/second
Response time
Input over indicator O.F.
Operating Temperature
&Humidity
Storage Temperature
&Humidity
Operating Environment
Degree of protection IP40
Power source
Maximum rated power 2.6 VA
Continuous operating
time
Additional function
Dielectric strength
Maximum input voltage
Maximum rated voltage to earth
Input error protection
for 10 second
(overvoltage protection)
Dimensions
(excluding protrusions)
Mass 500 g, 17.64 oz. approx. (including batteries)
Accessories
Options
Standards applying
Insulation Resistance Measurement
Guaranteed for one year under conditions not exceeding 23°C±5°C (73°F±9°F)
and 90% RH.
Nominal output
voltage
Effective
maximum
indicated value
Center scale value
1st effective
measuring
range
2nd effective
measuring
range
Other measuring
range
Display range
and display
resolution
(Auto range)
Open cir cuit
voltage
(when no load is
applied)
Lower limit
measurement
resistance value
to be maintained
nominal output
voltage
Nominal current
Short circuit
current
MΩ: Within 5 s (∞ center scale value, ∞ 0 MΩ)
ACV
, Ω: Within 2 s
0 to 40
°C (32 to 104°F )
(non-condensating)
-20 to 50
°C (-4 to 122°F)
(non-condensating)
Indoor, <2000m (6562-ft.) ASL
Rated power voltage: 1.5 V DC X 4,
R6P manganese battery X 4 or LR6 alkaline battery X 4
MΩ∞ measurement at 125 V and 250 V for about 8
hours, at 500 V for about 6 hours, a t 1 000 V for about 3
hours (about 11 hours), Display lighting off (with manganese battery, time in parentheses for alkaline batte ry)
Automatic power-saving mode, Buzzer sound, Memory ,
Comparator, Continuity, Warning indication of false
voltage input, Data hold (MΩ), Display of t he value after
one minute (MΩ), Display lighting, 1000 V output error
protection
5550 V AC 50/60 Hz for one minute
Between electric circuit and case
600 V AC
600 V AC
(ACV function: 720 V AC)
(MΩ-1000 V function: 1200 V AC)
155W X 98H X 80D mm approx.
6.10"W X 3.86"H X 3.15"D approx.
L9787 Test Lead, Instruction Manual,
R6P manganese battery X 4, Strap (3453 only),
9696 Carrying Case (3453-01 only)
L9787-91 Breaker Pin (use for L9787),
9804-02 Magnetic Adapter, L9787 Test Lead
Safety EN61010
Measurem en t Category III, Pollutio n Degree 2
(Anticipated Transient Overvoltage: 6000 V)
EMC EN61326
125 V DC 250 V DC 500 V DC 1000 V DC
20 MΩ 2000 MΩ 2000 MΩ 4000 MΩ
0.5 MΩ 50 MΩ 50 MΩ 100 MΩ
0.100 - 10.00 MΩ0.200 - 20.00 MΩ0.200 - 50.0 MΩ0.200 - 999
10.01 - 20.00 MΩ20.01 - 2000 MΩ50.1 - 2000 MΩ1000 - 4000
0 - 0.099 MΩ 0 - 0.199 MΩ
4 MΩ range Resolution: 0.001 MΩ
40 MΩrange Resolution: 0.01 MΩ
1 to 1.2 times of nominal output voltage
(open circuit terminal voltage)
0.125 MΩ 0.25 MΩ 0.5 MΩ 2 MΩ
(current to be maintained nominal output voltage)
1 - 1.2 mA 0.5 - 0.6 mA
1.2 mA max 0.6 mA max
, 90%RH or lower
, 90%RH or lower
MΩ
±2%rdg.±3 dgt.
MΩ
±5%rdg.
±2%rdg.±6 dgt.
400 MΩ range Resolution: 0.1 MΩ
2000 MΩ range
Resolution: 1 MΩ
1000 MΩ min Resolution: 10 MΩ
4000 MΩ
range
Resolution:
1 MΩ
Effect of temperature: 0 to 18°C, 28 to 40
reading ±3 dgt, plus basic allowance
Effects of capacitance elements contained in the object being measured:
Within 10% rdg. including fluctuations.
AC Voltage / Resistance Measurement
Guaranteed for one year under condit ions not exceeding 23°C±5°C (73°F±9°F)
and 90% RH
Measuring range
Effect of temperature: 0 to 18
reading ±5 dgt, plus basic allowance
.
Function
Resolution
Accuracy
Others
AC Voltage
±3%rdg.±8 dgt. ±2%rdg.±8 dgt.
Input resistance: 170 kΩ min
Frequency range: 50 - 60 Hz
°C
°C
(32 to 64°F, 82 to 104°F) ±2% of
∼
V
0 - 600 V 0 - 400.0 Ω
1 V 0.1 Ω
, 28 to 40
°C
(32 to 64°F, 82 to 104°F) ±2% of
Resistance
Open circuit terminal
voltage 4 V DC min
Ω
Safety
This instrument is designed to comply with IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment.
However, mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well
as damage to the instrument. Using the instrument in a way not
described in this manual may negate the provided safety features.
Be certain that you understand the instructions and precautions in the
manual before use. We disclaim any responsibility for accidents or injuries not resulting directly from instrument defects.
Measurement Categories
This instrument conforms to the safety requirements for CAT III measurement
instruments. To ensure safe operation of measurement instruments, IEC 61010
establishes safety standards for various electrical environments, categorized
as CAT II to CAT IV, and called measurement categories.
: Secondary electrical circuits
CAT I
connected to an AC electrical outlet
through a transformer or similar
device.
CAT II: Primary electrical circuits in
equipment connected to an AC electrical outlet by a power cord (portable
tools, household appliances, etc.). CAT
II covers directly measuring electrical
outlet receptacles.
CAT III: Primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment (fixed installations) connected directly to the distribution p anel, a nd feeder s from the d istrib ution p anel
to outlets.
:The circuit from the service drop to the service entrance, and to the
CAT IV
power meter and primary overcurrent protection device (distribution panel).
Using a measurement instrument in an environment designated with a highernumbered category than that for which the instrument is rated could result in a
severe accident, and must be carefully avoided.
Use of a measurement instrument that is not CAT-rated in CAT II to CAT IV
measurement applications could result in a severe accident, and must be carefully avoided.
Safety Symbol
This manual contains information and warnings essential for safe operation of
the instrument and for mai nt aini ng it in s afe operat ing con dit ion. Befor e usi ng it,
be sure to carefully read the following safety precautions.
In the manual, the symbol indicates particularly important
information that the user should read before using the instrument.
The symbol printed on the instrument indicates that the user
should refer to a corresponding topic in the manual (marked with
the symbol) before using the relevant function.
Indicates that dangerous voltage may be present at this terminal.
Indicates a double-insulated device.
Indicates AC (Alternating Current).
Indicates DC (Direct Current).
The following symbols in this manual indicate the relative importance of cautions and warnings.
Indicates that incorrect operation presents an extreme hazard that could
result in serious injury or death to the user.
Indicates that incorrect operation presents a significant hazard that could
result in serious injury or death to the user.
Indicates that incorrect operation presents a possibility of injury to the user or
damage to the instrument
Indicates advisory items related to performance or correct operation of the
instrument.
Usage Notes
Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation and to obtain the full benefits of the various functions.
Before connecting test leads to the instrument, check that the test
leads are disconnected from the object to be measured.
• Do not use the instrument where it may be exposed to corrosive or
combustible gases. The instrument may be damaged or cause an
explosion.
• Do not use the instrument where it may be exposed to oil, chemicals,
or solvents. Contact with these subs tance s may cause cracking in the
instrument, resulting in damage or electric shock.
• Do not allow the instrument to get wet, and do not take measurements
with wet hands. This may cause an electric shock.
• Do not use any other electrical source other than the batteries. The
use of any other sources may result in damage of the instrument or
the object to be measured and also may cause electric shock.
• Before using the instrument, make sure that the insulation on the test
leads and connection cords is undamaged and confirm that the white
or red portion (insulation layer) inside the cable is not exposed. If a
color inside the cable is exposed, do not use the cable. Using the
product in such conditions could cause an electric shock, so contact
your dealer or Hioki representative for replacements (Model L9787).
• This instrument is designed for use indoors. It can be operated at temperatures between 0 and 40°C without degrading safety.
• Do not store or use the instru ment w here it could be exposed to dire ct s unlight, high temperature or humidity, or condensation. Under such conditions, the instrument may be damaged and insulation may deteriorate so
that it no longer meets specifications.
• For safety reasons, when taking measurements, only use the L9787 Test
Lead (or oputional) provided with the instrument.
• To avoid damage to the instrument, protect it from physical shock when
transporting and handling. Be especially careful to avoid physical shock
from dropping.
• Removable sleeves are attached to the metal pins at the ends of the test
leads. To prevent a short circuit accident, be sure to use the test leads wit h
the sleeves attached when performing measurements in the CAT III measurementcategory. The test leads can be used with the sleeves removed
when taking measurements in the CAT I and CAT II measurement categories.
For details on measurement categor ies, see "Meas urement categories" in
the instruction manual.
• To avoid battery depletion, turn the function selector OFF after use (the Auto
Power Save feature consumes a small amount of current).
Replacing of Batteries
• To avoid electric shock, turn off the function switch and disconnect
the test lead before replacing the batteries. After replacing the batteries, replace the cover and screws before using the instrument.
• Do not mix old and new batteries, or different types of batteries. Also,
be careful to observe battery polarity during installation. Otherwise,
poor performance or damage from battery leakage could result.
• Battery may explode if mistreated. Do not short-circuit, recharge, disassemble or dispose of in fire.
• Handle and dispose of batteries in accordance with local regulations.
To avoid corrosion from battery leakage, remove the batteries from the instrument if it is to be stored for a long time.
Options
L9787-91 Breaker Pin
(Pin length 70 mm and 48 mm from the tip has width 2.5 mm. The r est have wi d th 3.8 mm .)
Attach this to the tip of te st l ead of L9787, when otherwise it w ould be to o sh ort
to make a measurement.
9804-02 Magnetic Adapter
(Ø11 mm Corresponding standard screw: M6 Button head screw)
Adaptor for connecting a Test lead to the round head screw by means of magnetism. The tip of adaptor is a concave shape in order to fit the round head
screw. Put an adaptor on the tip of the earth side lead of a L9787 Test Lead.
L9787 Test Lead (1.2 m)
Names and Functions of Parts
1
2
7
3
4
5
7
6
1.
2.
Model:3453 Model:3453-01
Source
(primary side)
Load
(secondary side)
Caution: Always turn off the breaker
of the measurement line.
1. MEASURE button
Used when measuring insulation resistance. Press or pull the button to turn
on. Releases the button to turn off.
2. Function selector
Switches between ON/OFF, MΩ generated voltage,
3. COMP button
Used for the comparator function. Switches the buzzer on/off for continuity
checking.
4. EARTH (Measurement terminal on the ground side)
Connects to the black test lead.
5. LINE (Measurement terminal on the line side)
Connects to the red test lead.
6. LIGHT button
Switches the display light on/off. Switched off automatically after remaining
lit for approximately eight seconds. (To turn the light on/off, press the button
then immediately release it.) Also used for the memory function.
7. Belt slit
Used to hold the carrying band.
Test lead protection cover
The safety sleeve is attached to the test lead plug. Remove
the sleeve before connecting to the instrument.
Display Block
Lights when the measured value is held during measurement of insulator resistance.
Lights if measurement < reference in the comparator function.
Lights if measurement
tion.
Lights when the comparator function is activated.
Lights one minute following measurement of the insulated
resistance.
Bar graph overflow indication
Lights during measurement of insulated resistance.
Flashes if a voltage above 40±20 VAC is applied.
Indicates battery consumption
not be guaranteed).
Overflow indication. Indicates when the measurement
value exceeds the maximum indicated value.
≥ reference in the comparator func-
(during wh ic h time accur ac y c an -
∼V, and .
Using The Cover (3453 only)
1. When not using this instrument, replace the cover for the test lead. Adjust
the test lead if necessary so that the cover closes smoothly.
2. Before performing measurements, remove the cover and place upside
down beneath the instrument. Secure the cover with the hook.
Case inside structure
• Insulation resistance is the ratio of leakage current to input voltage, and is
Measurement Procedures
Pre-measurement inspection
Ensure that the test leads are not disconnected
1. Use the function selector to select Ω function.
2. Short the test lead tips.
3. Confirm that the reading is below 1 Ω.
Insulation Resistance Measurement
To select 1000 V, set the function selector to 1000 V while pressing the COMP button.
: Overflow indication
An abbreviation for overflow , the display OF is analogous to a ∞ indication in an
analog insulation tester. When measurements are larger than the maximum
indicated values of each function, the display will indicate .
[Measurement example] When the d ispl ay indic ates in the 500 V function,
measurements are detected as larger than 2000 MΩ. When nothing is connected to the test lead, is also displayed.
Display Function
125 V 40 M
250 V
500 V
1000 V 4000 M
Observe the following precautions to avoid electric shock.
Always verify the appropriate setting of the function selector before
connecting the test leads.
Disconnect the test leads from the measurement object before switching the function selector.
To avoid electric shock, short circuits and damage to the instrument,
observe the following precautions:
• When measuring insulation resistance, dangerous voltage is applied
to the measurement terminals. To avoid electric shock, do not touch
the test lead.
• Never touch the object being measured immediately after measuring.
There is a danger of electric shock from the change accumulating during high voltage testing.
• Discharge the subject conductor after measurement.
• Do not attempt to measure insulation resistance on a live conductor.
Doing so could damage the instrument or cause an accident that
might result in injury or death. Always turn off power to the conductor
being measured before starting.
1. Confirm that the MEASURE button is off.
2. Set the function selector to MΩ (one of 125 V, 250 V, 500 V, or 1000 V). The
selected voltage is displayed. To select 1000 V, set the function selector to
1000 V while pressing the COMP button. Press the COMP button until 1000
V is displayed. Buzzer sounds intermittently and indicator display (1000 V)
blinks when set at 1000 V without pressing the COMP button. In this case
1000 V is not applied when the MEASURE button is turned on.
3. Connect the black test lead to the measurement ter m inal o n the earth side of
the instrument. Connect the red test lead to the measurement terminal on
the line side of instrument.
4. Connect the black test lead to the ground side of the object being measured.
Except when measuring insulated resistance between ground and the object
being measured, connect the test lead to an optional point.
5. Connect the red test lead to the object being measured.
6. Press the MEASURE button. (To make continuous measurements, pull the
button up.)
7. Read the value after the indicator has stabilized. The resistance is also
displayed on the bar graph. The unit is [MΩ].
8. If the MEASURE button is turned off, the digital value is automatically held
( lights). The bar graph shifts to the voltage between the
measurement terminals.
9. To discharge an object being measured, follow the instructions provided in
'Discharge Function.'
• If a voltage is generated in the measured object connected to the test lead
when the MEASURE button is off, the bar graph will light. To check an
approximate voltage, set the bar graph scale to [V].
Maximum
Indicated Value
2000 M
Ω
Ω
Ω
therefore unstable. Depending on the specific object being measured, the
displayed value may fluctuate or remain high, but this is not a meter failure.
• If the measured resistance is close to the maximum display value, the resistance value appears about five seconds after " " is displayed.
• Press the MEASURE button fully down until a click is heard. If the button is
not pressed down fully, a proper measurement cannot be made.
• One minute after starting continuous measurement of insulated resistance, a
measurement value will appear at the bottom right, replacing the nominal output voltage. Insulation levels can be evaluated by comparing the measured
value one minute and ten minutes after starting continuous measurement.
Discharge Fu nction
When measuring an insulation resistance that cont ai ns a capacit ance ele ment,
a charge proportional to the nominal output voltage accumulates, and if undischarged could lead to an electric shock accident.
1. Without removing the test leads from the item being measured, release the
MEASURE button.
2. The built-in discharge circuit automatically discharges the item.
3. During a discharge, the symbol flickers and the bar graph indicates the
voltage of the object being measured. To read the voltage for the charge
remaining in the measured object, shift the scale instrument of the bar graph to
[V].
4. The entire bar graph will disappear below approximately 10 V. Discharge
time varies with capacity.
Automatic Range Function
The resistance display ra nge automatically switches from 4 MΩ through 4000 MΩ.
Range Up : The range will switch up at 4000 dgt. or higher.
Range Down : The range will switch down at 370 dgt. or lower.
AC Voltage Measurement
• Test leads should only be connected to the secondary side of a
breaker, so the breaker can prevent an accident if a short circuit
occurs. Connections should never be made to the primary side of a
breaker, because unrestricted current flow could cause a serious
accident if a short circuit occurs.
• The maximum input voltage and maximum rated voltage to earth are
600V rms. Attempting to measure voltage in excess of the voltage
could destroy the instrument and result in personal injury or death.
• To avoid electrical shock, be careful to avoid shorting live lines with
the test leads.
1. Set the function selector to ∼ V.
2. Connect the test lead to the instrument's measurement terminal.
3. Connect the test lead to the circuit being measured and read the displayed
value. Do not use the MEASURE button.
Resistance and Continuity Measurement
1. Set the function selector to .
2. Connect the test lead to the instrument's measurement terminal.
3. Connect the test lead to the object being measured and read the displayed
value. Do not use the MEASURE button.
If the display value is 30.0 Ω or less, the buzzer will sound to allow a
continuity check. To stop the buzzer, press the COMP button. Pressing the
COMP button toggles the buzzer ON/OFF.
Warning Indication at Faulty Voltage Input
With the function, when a voltage is applied between the measurement
terminals, the symbol flashes on the display and indicates '----' Although the
internal circuit is protected against accidental application of a voltage of up to
600 VAC for a period of up to 10 seconds, try to halt measurement as quickly
as possible if any voltage is applied.
Comparator Function
For measurements of insulated resistance, if a measured value is less than a
selected reference value, the buzzer is ready to sound if the following action is
performed:
Using Comparator
1. Set the function selector to MΩ (one of 125 V, 250 V, 500 V, or 1000 V).
2. Press the COMP button to display the COMP symbol and the reference
value at the bottom left. The reference value shifts every time the COMP
button is pressed. (The COMP button is enabled whether the MEASURE
button is ON or OFF.)
3. Press the MEASURE button to compare the measured value against the
reference value.
If measured value < reference value, is displayed, and a buzzer sounds.
If measured value ≥ reference value, is displayed, and no buzzer
sounds.
A reference value is available from among the predetermined values in the following table and your optional values.
Nominal output
voltage
125 V
250/500 V
1000 V
Predetermined reference value available [M
0.1/0.2/1/2/3/5/10/20
0.1/0.2/0.4/1/2/3/5/10/20/30/50/100/200/500/1000/2000
1/2/3/5/10/20/30/50/100/200/500/1000/2000
Ω
]
For example, if the nominal output voltage is 125 V, the reference value displayed shifts every time the COMP button is pressed: 0.1 MΩ 0.2 MΩ
...20 MΩ optional value ('---- MΩ' if no value is set) 0.1 MΩ.
Every time the reference value changes, the reference secti on of the bar graph
will light for two seconds.
When Not Using Comparator
If you do not wish to use the comparator, press the COMP button for at least
two seconds while the COMP symbol and the reference value are displayed.
The COMP symbol and the reference value disappears, and the comparator
function is disabled.
Setting an Optional Reference Value
(A measurement value is used as an optional value.)
1. Turn off the MEASURE button and set the function selector to a desired
nominal output voltage.
2. Press the COMP button several times until '---- MΩ' or a previously set
optional value appears at the bottom left.
3. Press the COMP button for at leas t two second s to delete the COMP symbol
and '---- MΩ' or the optional value.
4. Press the COMP button again for at least two seconds to display '---- MΩ' at
the bottom left with the COMP symbol flashing.
5. Measure the resistance you want to u se as a reference value and hold the
measured value (refer to "Insulation Resistance Measurement").
Only the bar corresponding to the measured resistance lights in the bar graph.
6. Press the COMP button for at leas t 2 se cond s. The COMP symbol will st op
flashing and light continuously, with the measurement value set as an
optional value . T he o pti onal value is re tained even i n the event of p ower loss.
Nominal output
voltage
125 V One from 0 through 40.00
250/500 V O ne from 0 through 2000
1000 V One from 0 through 4000
Memory Function
Optional reference value available [M
Ω
]
Saving Data (max. 20 data)
1. Set the function selector to MΩ (one of 125 V, 250 V, 500 V, or 1000 V).
2. Turn on the MEASURE button to display the measured value. (This is
equivalent to holding the measured value with the MEASURE button off.)
3. Press the LIGHT button for at least two seconds.
4. A data number (no.**) appears at the bottom left of the display. Press the
LIGHT button to cycle through the data numbers in succession.
5. Display the data number you wish to save.
6. Press the LIGHT button for at least 2 seconds again. The number will
disappear, and the measured value and the nominal output voltage are
saved as a data set.
• When it passes about 5 seconds, without doing the operation of "6" from "4"
the number fades away automatically. At this time a data is not saved.
• If step "3" is taken after operating the function selector and before measure-
ment of insulated resistance, no number is displayed.
• If there is no previous data saved, the new data is numbered as "No.1".
If there is any previous data saved, the new data is allocated the number
after that assigned to the latest pr eviou s dat a. Wh en the c omp arator i s us ed,
the COMP symbol and the reference value are not displayed. To display
them, use step "6" to save the data.
• If the data number assigned already belongs to a saved data set, the new
data overwrites and deletes the previous data. To check for previous data
remaining, refer to 'Displaying Saved Data' below.
Displaying Saved Data
1. Set the function selector to ∼V.
2. When a voltage is displayed, press the LIGHT button for at least two
seconds until the indication 'CALL 3453' appears.
3. After the indication 'CALL 3453' appears, the first data set (No. 1) is
displayed. If this number hasn't been assigned to a saved data set, the
indication '----' is displayed for a measured value and a nominal output voltage.
4. Quickly press and release the LIGHT button to change the data number. All
twenty data sets will be deleted if the LIGHT button is pressed for longer
than 5 seconds. To resume voltage measurement, set the function selector
to another position, then return it to
∼V.
Deleting Saved Data
1. While displaying saved data (refer to ‘Displaying Saved Data’ above), press
the LIGHT button for more than five seconds.
2. The indication 'CLr' is displayed and all 20 data sets are deleted.
(It is not possible to delete only some of the 20 data sets.)
Automatic Power-Saving Mode
The instrument will automatically enter power-saving mode about 10 minutes
following the last operation, and all displayed values disappear.
This power-saving mode is disabled if the MEASURE button is on while MΩ
function is activated.
To switch from power-saving mode, set the function selector to OFF before
returning to the original position.
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