Hioki 3290-10 Instruction Manual

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Page 1

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

3290-10

CLAMP ON AC/DC HiTESTER

Page 2

Page 3

APPX

Contents

Introduction .................................................................. 1

Checking the Contents of the Package ........................1

Safety Notes ................................................................2

Usage Notes ................................................................5

1Overview 9

1.1 Product Overview ...............................................9

1.2 Features ........................................................... 10

1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicators ...........12

1.3.1 Model 3290-10 CLAMP ON AC/DC Hi T ESTER 12

1.3.2 Model 9691, 9692, 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC

SENSOR (Optional)............................................18

1.4 Buttons Operations ...........................................19

1.5 Measurement Modes ........................................ 20

1.6 Quick References .............................................21

2 Measurement Preparations 27

2.1 Attaching the Strap ...........................................28

2.2 Connecting Power ............................................29

2.2.1 Installing/ Changing the Batteries ......................29

2.2.2 Connecting the AC Adapter (Optional) ..............30

2.2.3 Using External Power ........................................31

2.3 Connecting the CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR .33

2.4 Connecting the Output Cords (Optional) .......... 34

2.5 Turning Power On and Off ...............................35

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

IDX

Page 4

Contents

3 Basic Measurement Procedure 37

3.1 Measuring DC Current .....................................39

3.2 Measuring AC Current ...................................... 40

3.3 DC Integration ..................................................41

3.4 AC Integration by Timer ...................................42

3.5 Outputting Integral Values ................................44

3.6 Measuring Duty by Timer .................................46

4 Measurement Procedure 49

4.1 Verifications Before Measuring ........................ 49

4.2 Selecting the Measurement Parameter ............ 50

4.3 Measuring Current ............................................51

4.4 Measuring Peak Current ..................................62

4.5 Current Integration ...........................................66

4.6 Measuring Duty ................................................79

5 Applicable Measurement Modes 89

5.1 Auto Zero Adjustment Function ........................89

5.2 Display Update Rate ........................................90

5.3 Measurement Response Time ......................... 92

5.4 Filter Function ................................................... 95

5.5 Data Hold .........................................................96

5.6 Viewing Historical Data ....................................97

5.7 Saving Data ....................................................100

5.8 Saving Settings ..............................................101

5.9 Recalling Stored Data ....................................102

5.10 Button Lock .................................................... 102

5.11 Auto Power-off Enabled ................................. 103

5.12 Battery Checking ............................................104

5.13 Battery-Low Warning .....................................105

5.14 Beeper ............................................................106

Page 5

APPX

6 Specifications 107

6.1 Measurement Specifications .......................... 107

6.1.1 Current Measurement ......................................108

6.1.2 Frequency Measurement .................................110

6.1.3 Current Integral Measurement .........................111

6.1.4 Duty Measurement ..........................................112

6.2 General Specifications ................................... 113

6.3 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Specifications . 116

6.3.1 Model 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR ......116

6.3.2 Model 9692 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR ......118

6.3.3 Model 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR ......120

6.4 Combined Accuracy .......................................122

6.4.1 Models 9691 + 3290-10 C om bined Accuracy .1 22

6.4.2 Model 9692 + 3290-10 Combined Accuracy ...124

6.4.3 Model 9693 + 3290-10 Combined Accuracy ...125

6.4.4 Method of Calculation .................. ....................126

7 Maintenance and Service 127

iii

Contents

1 2 3 4 5 6

7.1 Cleaning ......................................................... 127

7.2 Repair and Servicing ......................................128

Appendix 135

Extension Cables .....................................................135

Carrying Case ..........................................................137

Differences between Models 3290 and 3290-10 ..... 139

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IDX

Page 6

Contents

Page 7

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing the HIOKI “Model 3290-10 CLAMP ON AC/DC HiTESTER.” To obtain maximum performance from the meter, please read this manual first, and keep it handy for future reference. This manual describes the operation of the 3290-10 when used with the 9691, 9692, or 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR.

Checking the Contents of the Package

When you receive the meter, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during shipping. In particular, check the accessories, panel buttons, and jacks. If damage is evident, or if it fails to operate according to the specifications, contact your dealer or Hioki representative. Use the original packing materials when transporting the meter, if possible.

Model 3290-10 CLAMP ON AC/DC HiTESTER

X 1

Strap X 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Options

Batteries (LR6) X 4

• Model 9445-02 AC ADAPTER ( SA10-0910N, SINO-AMERICAN)

• Model 9445-03 AC ADAPTER

(SA10-0910G, SINO-AMERICAN, for Europe)

• Model 9094 OUTPUT CORD

• Model 9400 CARRYING CASE

• Model 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

• Model 9692 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

• Model 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

Instruction Manual X 1

Page 8

Safety Note s

Safety Notes

This meter is designed to comply with IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment. However, mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well as damage to th e meter. Be certain that you understand the instructions and precautions in the manual before use. We disclaim any respon sibility for acci dents or injuries not resulting directly from meter defects.

Safety Symbols

This manual contains information and warnings essential for safe operation of the meter and for maintaining it in safe operating condition. Before using it, be sure to carefully read the following safety precautions.

In the manual, the symbol indicates particularly important information that the user should read before using the meter.

The symbol printed on the meter indicates that the user should refer to a corresponding topic in the manual

(marked with the symbol) before using the relevant function.

Indicates DC (Direct Current). Indicates AC (Alternating Current). Indicates a double-insulated device.

Indicates that the instrument may be connected to or disconnected from a live circuit.

Page 9

Safety No tes

The following symbols in this manual indicate the relative importance of cautions and warnings.

Other Symbols

Accuracy

We define measurement tolerances in terms of f.s. (full scale), rdg. (reading) and dgt. (digit) values, with the following meanings:

f.s. (maximum display value or scale length)

The maximum displayable value or scale length. This is usually the name of the currently selected range.

Indicates that incorrect operation presents an extreme hazard that could result in serious injury or death to the user.

Indicates that incorrect operation presents a significant hazard that could result in serious injury or death to the user.

Indicates that incorrect operation presents a possibility of injury to the user or damage to the meter.

Indicates advisory items related to performance or correct operation of the meter.

Indicates the prohibited action.

❖

Indicates the reference.

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rdg. (reading or displayed value)

The value currently being measured and indicated on the measuring meter.

dgt. (resolution)

The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring meter, i.e., the input value that causes the digital display to show a "1" as the least-significant digit.

Page 10

Safety Note s

Measurement categories (Overvoltage categories)

This device complies with CATIII (600 V), CATII (1000 V) safety requirements. To ensure safe operation of measurement devices, IEC 61010 establishes safety standards for various electrical environments, categorized as CAT I to CAT IV, and called measurement catego ries. These are defined as follows.

CAT I Secondary electrical circuits connected to an AC

CAT II Primary electrical circuits in equipment connected to

CAT III Primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment (fixed

CAT IV The circuit from the service drop to the service

Higher-numbered categories correspond to electrical environments with greater momentary energy. So a measurement device designed for CAT III environments can endure greater momentary energy than a device designed for CAT II. Using a measurement device in an environment designated with a higher-numbered category than that for w hich the device is rated could result in a severe accident, and must be carefully avoided. Never use a CAT I measuring device in CAT II, III, or IV environments. The measurement categories comply with the Overvoltage Categories of the IEC60664 Standards.

electrical outlet through a transformer or similar device.

an AC electrical outlet by a power cord (portable tools, household appliances, etc.)

installations) connected directly to the distribution panel, and feeders from the distribution panel to out lets.

entrance, and to the power meter and primary over current protection device (distribution panel).

Page 11

Usage Notes

Avoid the following:

Corrosive or explosive gases

High temperature High humidity

Direct sunlight

Electomagnetic radiation

Dust

Impact, dropping

Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation and to obtain the full benefits of the various functions.

Setting Up the 3290-10

• This meter should be installed and operated indoors only, between 0 and 40°C and 80% RH or less.

• Do not use the meter where it may b e exposed to corrosive or combustible gases. The meter may be damaged.

• Do not store or use the meter where it could be exposed to direct sunlight, high temperature or humidity, or condensation. Under such conditions, the meter may be damaged and insula tion may deteriorate so that it no longer meets specifications.

• This meter is not designed to be entirely water- or dust-proof. Do not use it in an especially dusty environment, nor where it might be splashed with liquid. This may cause damage.

• Do not use the meter near a source of strong electromagnetic radiation, or near a highly electrically charged object. These may cause a malfunction.

• To avoid damage to the meter, protect it from physical shock when transporting and handling. Be especially careful to avoid physical shock from dropping.

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9

Correct measurement may be impossible in the presence of strong magnetic fields, such as near transformers and high-cur rent conductors, or in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields such as near radio transmitters.

Page 12

Usage Notes

Preliminary Checks

Before using the meter the first time, verify that it operates normally to ensure that the no damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you find any damage, contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

Before using the meter, make sure that the insulation on the probes is undamaged and that no bare conductors are improperly exposed. Using the meter in such conditions could cause an electric shock, so contact your dealer or Hioki representative for repair.

Measurement

• To avoid short circuits and potentially life-t hreatening hazards, never attach the clamp to a circuit that operates at more than 600V, or over bare conductors.

• Clamp sensor should o nly be connected to the secondary side of a breaker, so the breaker can preven t an a ccident if a short circuit occurs. Connections should nev er be made to the primary side of a breaker, because unrestricted cur rent flow could cause a serious accide nt if a short circuit occurs.

• To avoid electric shock, do not touch the portion be yond the protective barrier during use.

Barrier

Do not get wet.

This model is the 9661

• Do not allow the meter to get wet, and do not take measurements with wet hands. This may cause an electric shock.

• To avoid electric shock when measuring live lines, wear appropriate protective gear, such as insulated rubber gloves, boots and a safety helmet.

Page 13

Usage Notes

• The maximum continuous-input limit is obtained from the temperature increase due to self-heating during measurement. To prevent damage to the clamp-on sensor, do not input a current exceeding this limit.

• The maximum continuous-input limit varies depending on the clamp-on sensor and the frequency of the current to be mea sured.

❖ Maximum continuous-input limit varies:

See Section 6.3 "CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Specifications" (page 116) Each sensor’s derating acording to frequency

•The indicator appears when battery voltage becomes low. Replace the batteries as soon as possible.

• After use, always turn OFF the power.

• Attach the clamp around only one conductor. Single-phase (2wire) or three-phase (3-wire) cables clamped to gether will not produce any reading.

2 3 4 5

Handling the Clamp Sensors

• The ends of the clamp sensor are very delicate. Be careful not to drop the sensor or subject it to impact. If the sensor is deformed or the contact surfaces of the clamps are damaged, the mea surement may not be accurate.

• Be careful to avoid dropping the clamps or otherwise subjecting them to mechanical shock, which could damage th e mating surfaces of the core and adversely affect measurement.

• The top part of the clamp sensor above the barrier (including the clamps, but not the lever) is provided with double insulation to ensure safety. Be careful not to drop the sensor or otherwise subject it to impact. A damaged sensor may result in electric shock during measurement. In case of sensor damage, contact us immediately for repair or discard the damaged sensor to avoid subsequent use.

6 7 8 9

Page 14

Usage Notes

Page 15

1.1 Product Overview

Overview 1

1.1 Product Overview

The 3290-10 CLAMP ON AC/DC HiTESTER is used with the 9691, 9692, or 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SE NSOR. These sensors are interchangeable and any model can be used with the 3290-10. The 3290-10 automatically detects the sensor connected and sets up the appropriate range. When combined with the 9 691, 9692, or 9693 Sensor, the 3290-10 HiTESTER can perform DC, AC, and AC+DC measurement of a live pow er line. In addition, current inte gral and duty measurement functions are provided. As well as operating from batteries or AC adapte r, operation from an external DC power source is supported for long-term measure ments. See page 139 for details of the differences with the Model 3290 CLAMP ON AC/D C HiTESTER.

Overview

2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9

Page 16

1.2 Features

Current integration functions

(total, positive and negative integrals)

Polarity-specific positive and negative current integrals can be measured (at ten samples/second) D/A output (selectable total, positive or negative integral). Measures the mean current value within a specified interval (total integral / integration interval).

Operating time and duty measurement

Any value can be set as the operating state threshold. Duty (%) = operating time / measurement time X 100

Timer measurements available

(integral and duty measurements)

Measurement times can be set from one minute to 99 hours, 59 minutes.

Repeating measurements

Any timer can be set to perform up to 20 repeated measu rements.

Historical measurement data confirmation

Data from repeating measurements can be stored (integrals, interval mean, peak, maximum, minimum, duty and operating time).

Data storage

Measurement data and settings can be stored by pressing the

button for two seconds, and upon auto power-off or forced

power off due to low battery voltage.

Data recall

Holding the SHIFT button while pressing the button to turn the meter on recalls stored data.

Peak measurement

Positive and negative current waveform peak values can be displayed in DC mode.

Page 17

1.2 Features

Low-frequency current measurement

AC current as low as 1 Hz can be measured in the SLOW AC+DC mode.

Overview

Filter function

Switchable 500-Hz low-pass filter (in AC and AC+DC modes) Switchable 1-Hz low-pass filter (in DC mode, for MON output)

AC+DC measurement

Measures superimposed AC and DC components and full- and half-wave rectified waveforms.

Selectable measurement response time

Measurement response time can be set to FAST, NORMAL or SLOW (in AC and AC+DC modes).

Multiple power source support

Accepts power from batteries, optional AC adapter or external DC source.

Extension cable options

An extension cable can be connected between the meter and the 9691, 9692 or 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR. Optional extension cables are available with lengths of 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 or 100 m.

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Page 18

1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicators

1.3.1 Model 3290-10 CLAMP ON AC/DC HiTESTER

Front Panel

AC Adapter Connection Jack

The optional AC adapter can be connected here to power the meter.

Dust Caps

Used to protect the jacks in a dusty environment.

Output Jack 1 (OUT1)

Connect the optional 9094 OUTPUT CORD to this jack to obtain output during current measurement.

Output Jack 2 (OUT2)

Connect the optional 9094 OUTPUT CORD to this jack to obtain output during integral measurement.

Sensor Jack (SENSOR)

Connect the 9691, 9692, or 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR to this jack.

Buttons Operation

Page 19

1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicat or s

Notation for multi-button operations

A B

+ : Press Button A and button B at the same time.

Example: SHIFT + Press the

A B

→ : Press Button A and then press Button B.

Example: SHIFT → After pressing the

play), press the

SHIFT and POWER buttons at the same time.

SHIFT button ( appears on the dis-

POWER button.

Overview

2 3

Buttons Operations

Turns power ON/OFF.

SHIFT + : Stored data such as integral values can be reviewed.

• Pressing this button causes to display, indicatin g tha t the a ddi ti on al function (in blue letters) allocated to each button is available. To turn off, press the

SHIFT button again.

• Some buttons may be locked when is on.

• Holding the SHIFT button while pressing the button to turn the meter on enables review of stored data such as integral values.

• Selects the current and frequency measurement mode. DC → AC → AC+DC → Hz

• Button presses are ignored while TIME is displayed.

SAMPL (SHIFT → ):

• Switches display of refresh rate and measurement response time. (AC and AC+DC modes) (see pages 90 and 92) NORMAL (twice/ sec) → SLOW (once/ 3 sec) → FAST (10 times/ sec) DC mode is fixed at once per second.

• The display update rate is usually set to NORMAL. (Note that there is no indication for

• SLOW decelerates the speed of updating on-display measurement. (with SLOW on) Measurement response time also becomes SLOW.

• FAST accelerates the speed of updating on-display measurement. (with Measurement response time also becomes FAST.

+ : Cancels saved se tting s (retur ned t o fact ory defau lts) and erase s

stored measurement data. (see pages 100 and 101)

+ : Disables the auto power-off function. (see page 104) + : Turns off the beeper. (see page 107)

(see page 103)

(see page 52)

NORMAL.)

FAST on)

4 5 6 7 8 9

Page 20

1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicators

Current Measurement (see page 53)

• Selects auto range or manual range. (Hz mode uses auto-ranging only) AUTO → L → H

• The current ranges for the 9691 and 9692 are 20 A and 200 A; the ranges for the 9693 are 200 A and 2000 A.

• Button presses are ignored while TIME is displayed.

Integral Measurement (see page 70)

• Selects auto range or manual range.

• Available ranges depend on the connected clamp-on sensor.

• Five ranges can be manually selected for each integral range (four ranges are shared in common as H and L ranges).

(SHIFT → ): (see page 95)

FILTER

•DC Mode Applies low-pass filtering at about one Hz to the output when output jack 1 (OUT1) is set to MON output (low-pass filtering at about 0.5 Hz is always applied to the display).

• AC and AC+DC Modes Applies low-pass filtering at about 550 Hz to the display and output.

•DC Mode (see page 63) Displays positive and negative peak values. Peak measurement dete rmines the pe ak (cr est va lue) of th e curre nt wavef orm. (Peak Hold) + PEAK → - PEAK

• AC and AC+DC Modes Displays peak (absolute), maximum and minimum values (current measurement). PEAK → MAX → MIN

(see page 63)

B.CHECK

• Displays remaining battery charge.

• When TIME and STOP are displayed, clears INTEG (integrals), RATE (duty)

• Clears data to “0” during peak measurement.

• Holding down the button and turning power on initializes the setting

0 ADJ (SHIFT → ): (See page 89)

• Performs auto zero adjustment in DC and AC+DC modes.

(SHIFT → ): (See page 105)

When the remainin g ba tte ry charge indicates 0%, the indicator (low-battery warning) appears.

and PEAK data values on the corresponding displays (see pages 69 and 80).

(see page 65)

save function and restores the default settings. (See page 101)

Page 21

1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicat or s

• Suspends or deactivates the display-updatin g functi on .

• Holding down the button and turning power on disables the auto power-off fu nction.

• Press and hold for two seconds to store settings and data. (See page 101)

• When TIME is displayed (other than when current is displayed), after pressing

button, press the buttons to review INTEG, RATE or PEAK mea-

surement history.

LOCK (SHIFT → ): (see page 103)

• Locks all buttons including the button.

• To cancel, press SHIFT button again, then press button.

• Displays the integral and interval mean current values (see page 74)

DC Mode: total integral → positive integral → negative interval → interval mean va lue AC and AC+DC Modes: integral → interval mean value

• Holding the button while pressing the button to turn the meter on disables the beeper.

START/STOP (SHIFT → ): (see pages 74 and 85)

• Starts and stops current integral and duty measurement. When STOP is displa yed, measurement starts (and START appears) When START is displayed, measurement stops (and STOP appears)

• TIME is displayed.

• Displays elapsed time from when measurement was started by the START/STOP button, the timer setting and repetition number (alternating once per second). Elapsed tim e → timer setting and repetition number Elapsed time is displayed normally up to 99 hours and 59 minutes. If the total time of repeating timer measurements exceeds 100 hours, the time unit indicator (h) is di splayed.

• The button has to be pressed in order to set the timer.

(see page 104)

(see page 97)

(see page 107)

Overview

2 3 4 5 6 7

INPUT/SET

• Enables the setting display for the timer and current threshold (only for duty measurement).

• Accepts displayed settings.

• Displays the duty, operating time and current threshold (see page 81) Duty → operating time → current threshold

• Although no "%" unit indicator appears for duty measurements, the displayed value is percentage.

• When the duty value exceeds 100 hours , "h" is d ispla yed to indicate hour u nit s. Press the button to display.

• The button has to be pressed in order to set the current threshold.

OUTPUT

• Makes output settings (for current and integral measurements).

• Settings for the two output jacks are limited according to measurement mode.

• The auto power-off function i s di sab le d. Ho wev er, when the timer is set, data i s stored and power turns off about 10.5 minutes after the timed measurement ends (stored data can be read by pressing SHIFT + buttons).

(SHIFT → ): (see pages 67 and 82)

(SHIFT → ): (see pages 54 and 71)

8 9

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1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicators

LCD

OUT1 OUT2

MON

MON.FL

REC

AUTO

L H

FAST

SLOW

Direct Curren t (DC) Alternating Current (AC)

Alternating Current and Direct Current (AC+DC )

Auto zero adjustment is active. Low battery warning

FILTER

MAX

MIN

AVE

TIME

500 Hz filter is active. Maximum value

Minimum value Interval mean current value

Stores integral and

duty measurement data Setting of OUT1 RMS True root mean square value Setting of OUT2

Data hold function

PEAK

Wave peak value

Frequency Monitor is active. Button lock is active.

1 Hz filter for monitor is active. Record is active.

Auto power-off is active.

Auto-range Current L (low) range

START

STOP

hour

Current

Integral value

Starts integral or duty measure-

ment

Stops integral or duty measure-

ment

100 hours/segment (bar graph) Current H (high) range Input over (bar graph)

Display-updating 10 times/sec. SHIFT Display updating approx.

once/3 sec.

The letter of LCD is clearest, when it sees from the front side.

Page 23

Bottom Panel

1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicat or s

Battery Cover

Unfasten the screw, then remove the case to replace the battery.

Others

Top Case

Cover the 3290-10 with this case when not in use to protect the LCD, buttons and jacks.

Screw

Overview

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Top Case Clasp

Insert the clasp into the top case to attach the case. Move the top case to the rear during measurement.

Strap

Used to hang the 3290-10 around neck so as not to drop it.

Page 24

1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicators

1.3.2 Model 9691, 9692, 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR (Optional)

Model 9691

Model 9692

Output Connector

Model 9693

Page 25

1.4 Buttons Operations

AUTO range

L range

H range

+ PEAK

- PEAK

T otal integral

Positive integral

Negative integral

Elapsed time

Timer setting time (repetition number)

Duty

Operating time

Current threshold

AC AC+DC

AUTO range

L range H range

PEAK

MAX

MIN

Integral value Interval mean

current value

Elapsed time

Duty

Operating time

Current threshold

AUTO range

L range H range

PEAK

MAX

MIN

Integral value Interval mean

current value

Duty

Operating time

Current threshold

AUTO range

Overview

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

SAMPLE

SHIFT →

FILTER

SHIFT →

NORMAL

-- --

MON

MON.FL

SLOW

FAST

OFF

NORMAL

SLOW

FAST

OFF

Page 26

1.5 Measurement Modes

For current, three modes are provided: DC (direct current, ), AC (alternating current, ), and AC+DC (alternating current and direct current, ) modes. Select a proper mode according to the waveform shown below:

Mode

()

Input

waveform

Display

OUTPUT (only for current mode)

REC MON MON.FL

Yes

0 0 0

Not measurable

Setting impos-

sible

Average

0 0 0

measurement

Not measurable

(zero displayed)

Yes

0 V

Not measurable

0 V

Yes

0 0 0

(without polarity)

AC+DC

()

AC2DC2+

Yes

Page 27

1.6 Quick References

DC measure ment

ADJ

→

SHIFT

DC peak measurement

ADJ

→

SHIFT

AC measure ment

AC peak measurement

AC+DC measurement

ADJ

→

SHIFT

Press twice

AC+DC peak measurement

Operations Page

Measure-

PEAK

CLEAR

ment

Measurement

Overview

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

SHIFT

Hz measurement

Press three times

ADJ

→

PEAK

CLEAR

Measurement

Page 28

1.6 Quick References

DC integral measurement

Operations Page

INTEG CLEAR

DC interval mean current measurement

INTEG CLEAR

AC integral measurement

INTEG START

CLEAR

AC interval mean current measurement

INTEG

CLEAR

SHIFT

START

→

SHIFT

ADJ

→

START

→

ADJ

→

START

Press three times

SHIFT

→

Measure-

ment

AVE

Measurement

Measure-

AVE

ment

Measure

→

ment

AC+DC inte gral measurement

INTEG

Press twice

CLEAR ADJ

→

SHIFT

START

→

Measurement

Page 29

Operations Page

AC+DC interval mean current measurement

1.6 Quick References

INTEG

Press twice

DC duty and operating time measurements

Duty

Display

ADJ

→

SHIFT

AC duty and operating time measurements

Duty

Display

CLEAR ADJ

Numerical

CLEAR

Entry Display

→

SHIFT

Display the duty

SHIFT

Numerical

Entry Display

SHIFT

Display the duty

SHIFT

START

→

START

SHIFT

→

START

→

AVE

Setting

Display the

operating time

Setting

Display the

operating time

SHIFT

Measurement

Accept the

Setting

→

Measurement

Accept the

Setting

→

Measurement

Overview

2 3 4

5 6 7

AC+DC duty and operating time measurements

Press twice

SHIFT

ADJ

→

Duty

Display

CLEAR

Numerical

Entry Display

→

SHIFT

Display the duty

START

→

SHIFT

Setting

Display t he

operating time

Accept the

Setting

SHIFT

→

Measurement

Page 30

1.6 Quick References

View elapsed measurement time

Set the timer

Operations Page

66, 79

Timer

Display

Numerical

Entry Display

→

SHIFT

Setting

Set the number of repetitions

Timer

Display

Numerical

Entry Display

SHIFT

→

Press four times

Number of Times

Display

View timer and repetition settings

Press twice

View current threshold setting

Press three times

Low-frequency (below 10 Hz) current measurement

Press twice

SHIFT

SLOW

→

SHIFT

ADJ

→

Accept the

SHIFT

Setting

→

SHIFT

Accept the

Setting

→

Measurement

66, 79

51, 92

Measure starting current

FAST

→

SHIFT

Press twice

MAX CLEAR

Press twice

Measurement

51, 90

Page 31

Make output settings

1.6 Quick References

Operations Page

Output

→

SHIFT

Change the display update rate (AC and AC+DC modes)

→

SHIFT

Obtained through a low-pass filter (LPF) set to 1 Hz (MON Output Filter Function) (DC mode)

→

SHIFT

Obtained through a low-pass filter (LPF) to measurement value and output. (Filter Function) (AC and AC+DC modes)

→

SHIFT

Store data (while TIME is displayed)

Hold down 2 seconds

OUT1: MON OUT2: REC

Bar graph

SLOW → FAST → NORMAL

OUT1: MON OUT2: REC

FILTER is displayed.

→

±)

(

→

Disable:

MON REC

(+)

MON.FL REC

MON

→

REC (-)

Disable:

Power ON

OUT1: REC OUT2: REC

SHIFT

AC, AC+DC

MON

→

REC

→

51, 62

90, 92

100

Overview

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Store settings (while TIME is not displayed)

Hold down 2 seconds

Recall stored data (data recall)

Power ON

SHIFT

Disable:

Power ON

101

103

Page 32

1.6 Quick References

Operations Page

View repetition data (TIME is displayed)

→

Verify remaining battery charge

→

SHIFT

Suspend display updating (TIME is not displayed)

HOLD is displayed.

Button lock

SHIFT

→

LOCK is displayed.

Disabling the auto power off function

Power ON

APS is not displayed.

Disabling the beep tone

Disable:

SHIFT

105

→

103

104

Power ON

107

Page 33

Measurement Preparations 2

Attaching the Strap

Connecting Power

Connecting the Clamp-on Sensor

Connecting the Output Cords

Turning Power On

❖See Section 2.1 "Attaching the

Strap" (page 28)

❖See Section 2.2 "Connecting

Power" (page 29)

❖See Section 2.3 "Connecting th

CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR (page 33)

❖

See Secti on 2.4 "Conne cting the Output Cords (Optional) " (page 34)

❖See Section 2.5 "Turning Power

On and Off" (page 35)

Measurement Preparations

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Page 34

2.1 Attaching the Strap

Using the 3290-10 with the strap attached improves operability.

1. Fasten the two straps together into

one.

2. Attach each e nd to the 3290-10 as

shown in the figure above.

Page 35

2.2 Connecting Power

2.2.1 Installing/ Changing the Batteries

• To avoid electric shock when r eplacing the batteries, first disconnect the clamp from the object to be measured.

• After replacing the batteries, replace the cover and screws before using the meter.

• Do not mix old and new batteries, or different typ es of batteries. Also, be careful to observe battery polarity during installation. Otherwise, poor p erformance or damage from battery leakage could result.

• To avoid the possibility of explosion, do not short circuit, disassemble or incinerate batteries.

• Handle and dispose of batteries in accordance with local regulations.

Remove the ba tteries when ope rating from exte rnal power. When the batteries are installed, the 3290-10 will turn on even if the polar ity of the external power is reversed, damaging the meter.

•The indicator appears when battery voltage becomes low. Replace the batteries as soon as possible.

• If AC power is lost due to a power outage, measurement can continue if the batteries have been installed (available backup time depends on battery condition).

• While operating from the AC adapter, the remaining battery charge indicator (bar graph) indicates the loaded output volt age (about 6V) of the AC adapter. Although this may not display as 100%, measurements are unaffected.

Measurement Preparations

3 4 5

6 7 8 9

1. Confirm that the 3290-10 is turned off.

2. Use a Phillips screwdriver to unfasten the

setscrew on the battery cover.

3. Remove the battery cover.

4. Insert (Change) four new batteries while

confirming the correct polarity.

5. First fit the tab of the cover, then fit the

cover. Secure the cover in place by tighten ing the setscrew.

Page 36

2.2 Connecting Power

2.2.2 Connecting the AC Adapter (Optional)

• Turn the meter off before connectin g the AC adapter t o the meter and to AC power.

• Use only the specified Model 9445-02 AC ADAPTER (SA100910N, SINO-AMERICAN). AC adapter input voltage range is 100 to 240 VAC (with ±10% stability) at 50/60 Hz. To avoid electrical hazards and damag e to the meter, do not apply voltage outside of this range.

• Make sure the power is turned off before connecting or discon-

necting the AC adapter.

• When using the AC adapter, note that current of approximately

3 mA is consumed regardless of whether th e power switch of the meter is on or off. (Battery power is not consumed, how ever, when power is turned off.)

• When the power supply is switched over from the battery to the

AC adapter or vice versa during peak measurement, an inac curate measurement result (i.e., value larger than the actual value) may be displayed.

• While operating from the AC adapter, the remaining battery

charge indicator (bar graph) indicates the loaded output volt age (about 6V) of the AC adapter. Although this may not display as 100%, measurements are unaffected.

• The AC adapter may be used either with or without the batteries.

• If the AC adapter is connected but not providing power, mea-

surement is still possible if the batteries have been installed (available backup time depends on battery condition). When operating from the AC adapter, voltage is internally regulated to about 6 V. When battery voltage is higher than this (such as with new batteries), the batteries power the meter until battery voltage decreases, at which point operation switches to the AC adapter.

Connecting the AC Adapter

1. Confirm that the 3290-10 is

turned off.

2. Remove the d ust cap over the

AC adapter jack, and plug in the AC adapter securely.

3. Plug the AC adapter into a

wall outlet.

Page 37

2.2.3 Using External Power

• To avoid electric shock and short-circuit accidents when connecting the optional 2m external po wer cable, first be sure the meter is turned off.

• The external voltage requirements are 8.4 to 15.6 V DC at

1.2 VA. To avoid malfunctions or damage to the meter and electric accidents, use only a power source that meets these requirements.

• To avoid electric shock, connect the negative side to an earth or chassis ground.

2.2 Connecting Power

1 2

Measurement Preparations

3 4

Connecting the External Power Cable

1. Confirm that the meter is t urned

off.

2. Remove the dust cap over the

AC adapter jack, and plug in the external power cable securely.

3. Connect the external power

cable to the external power source.

5 6 7 8 9

Page 38

2.2 Connecting Power

Observe the following to avoid damaging the meter:

• When using an external power source such as a battery, connect the positive (center) conductor of the external power cable to the "+" battery terminal.

• Remove the batteries when operating from external power. When the batteries are installed, the meter will turn on even if the polarity of the external power is reversed, damaging the meter.

• If the device under test is earth grounded, connect the negative conductor to earth. (Example: Indoor and outdoor line measurements R connect the negative conductor to earth)

• If the device under test uses a ground level that is isolated from earth, connect the negative conductor to the ground level used. (Example: In a mobile installation, if the device under test is grounded to the vehicle chassis R connect the negative conduc tor to the chassis)

Plug

Battery

• Make sure the power is turned off before connecting or discon-

necting the external power cable.

• When using the external power, note that current of approxi-

mately 3 mA is consumed regardless of whether the power switch of the 3290-10 is on or off.

• While operating from the external power, the remaining battery

charge indicator (bar graph) indicates the loaded output volt age (about 6V) of the external power. Although this may not display as 100%, measurements are unaffected. However, proper operation cannot be guaranteed if external power drops below 8.4 V.

• Please observe the following if providing your own external

power cable.

12 or less

9.5

1.7

4.75

• An external powe r cable longer than about 3m may introduce

undesirable environmental EMC effects such as noise emission.

Page 39

2.3 Connecting the CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

• To prevent damage to the meter, never connect or disconnect a sensor while the power is on, or while the sensor is clamped around a conductor.

• When disconnecting the output connector of the clamp- on sensor from the 3290-10 sensor jack, be sure to hold it by the metal part and pull it upward. Because the connectors lock, pulling or twisting the cable can damage the cable.

Connecting the Clamp Sensor

1. Confirm that the 329 0-10 is

turned off.

2. Remove the dust cap from

the sensor jack and insert the plug from the clamp-on sensor. The clamp-on sensor model is recognized automatically.

1 2

Measurement Preparations

3 4 5 6 7

Connecting Disconnecting

Grasp the upper part of the metal portion

The wide part is toward the top of the meter

Hold the metal part

Output Connector

❖The sensor’s specifications :

See Section 6.1.1 "Current Meas urement" (page 108)

8 9

Page 40

2.4 Connecting the Output Cords (Optional)

To use current measurement output (OUT1) or integral output (OUT2), connect the optional Model 9094 OUTPUT C ORD to the output jack.

Connecting the Output Cord

OUT 1:

Current measurement output

If the output cord plug is not inserted securely, poor connection may prevent proper output.

OUT 2:

Integral output

1. Confirm that the 3290-10 is

turned off.

2. Remove the dust cap from the

output jack and insert the out put cord plug securely.

Current measurement output: OUT 1 (Output jack 1) Integral output: OUT 2 (Output jack 2)

Page 41

2.5 Turning Power On and Off

2.5 Turning P ower On and Off

Power On

Power Off

Remaining Battery Charge

1. Press the button to

turn the meter on.

2. All display segments should

appear.

3. After displaying the model

name (3290), the bar graph shows the remaining battery charge.

4. The DC measure ment mode

is enabled.

Press the button again to turn the meter off.

100% remaining battery charge, new batteries 50% remaining battery charge

1 2

Measurement Preparations

3 4 5 6 7 8

0% remaining battery charge The indicator appears and three beeps sound.

Low-Battery Detection Function

If battery voltage continues to drop after appears, the meter is forced to turn itself off. At this time, is displayed.

If the save-setting function has been used, the pre-specified initial mode is enabled (the save-setting function is executed by

holding down the To cancel the setting , first turn t he mete r off, then h old the button while pressing button to turn the meter back on.

The default initial mode (DC) setting is restored.

❖See Section 5.8 "Saving Settings" (page 101)

button for two seconds).

Page 42

2.5 Turning Power On and Off

Page 43

Basic Measurement

Procedure 3

• To avoid short circuits and potentially life -threatening hazards, never attach the clamp to a circuit that operates at more than 600V, or over bare conductors.

• Clamp sensor should only be connected to the secondar y side of a breaker, so the breaker can prevent an accident if a short circuit occurs. C onnections should never be made to the primary side of a breaker, because unrestricted cur rent flow could cause a serious accident if a short circuit occurs.

• To avoid damage to the meter, do not short-circuit the output jacks and do not input voltage to the output jacks.

• The maximum continuous-input limit varies depending on the clamp-on sensor and the frequency of the current to be mea sured.

❖ Maximum continuous-input limit varies:

See Section 6.3 "CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Specifications" (page 116) Each sensor’s derating acording to frequency

1 2 3

Basic Measurement Procedure

4 5 6 7

8 9

Page 44

• Be sure to read the instruction manual for the clamp sensor to be used before starting measurement.

• The hall element is used for the detector of the clamp-on sen sor. The hall element tends to drift with age or due to the ambient temperature. Keep this fact in mind when performing measurement continuously.

❖See "Sensor Temperature Characteristics" (page 58)

• Correct measurement may be impossible in the presence of strong magnetic fields, such as near transformers and highcurrent conductors, or in the presence of strong electromag netic fields such as near radio transmitters.

• The reading may show a measurement greater than the actual value due to magnetic-field interference. The amount of interference varies depending on the sensor.

❖See Section 6.3 "CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Specifications" (page 116)

• The 9691 has a lock mechanism for the clamps so that the clamps will not open due to vibration or other similar causes during measurement. Lock the clamps as necessary. (If the clamps should open even slightly during measurement, the accuracy cannot be guaranteed.)

• Attach the clamp around only one conductor. Single-phase (2wire) or three-phase (3-wire) cables clamped togeth er will not produce any reading.

Page 45

3.1 Measuring DC Current

Sensor used : Model 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Range : AUTO

1. Press the button to select DC

( ).

Button presses are ignored if TIME is displayed: press → to clear it.

The 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

LOAD

Electric conductor

Position the clamp with the cu rrent di-

SOURCE

rection indicator pointing toward the load side.

2. Press

3. Clamp around a conduc tor to be mea

SHIFT

automatic zero adjustment.

is displayed.

sured so that it is centered in th clamp.

The figure shows the 9691 CLAMP ON AC/ DC SENSOR. The current direction mark on Models 9692 and 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSORs is in a different location.

→ (

0 ADJ

) to execut

1 2 3

Basic Measurement Procedure

4 5 6 7 8 9

4. Read the displayed value.

Since the range is AUTO, you do not need to set it.

Page 46

3.2 Measuring AC Current

Sensor used : Model 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Range : AUTO

1. Press the button to select A

( ).

Button presses are ignored if TIME is displayed: press → to clear it.

When measuring current below 10 Hz, use the AC+DC mode and press

PLE

) to set the display update rate (measure

ment response time) to SLOW.

❖See Section 5.3 "Meas urem ent Respo nse Time

(page 92)

The 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

2. Clamp around a conductor t o be mea

Electric conductor

Clamp direction is irrelevant

sured so that it is centered in th clamp.

SHIFT

→ (

SAM

3. Read the displayed value.

Since the range is AUTO, you do not need to set it.

Page 47

3.3 DC Integration

Sensor used : Model 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Measured current : 20 A or less Manually stop measuring (no timer)

1. Press the button to select DC

( ).

Button presses are ignored if TIME is displayed: press → to clear it .

2. Press button once to select th

L range (20 A).

3. Press button to displa y the inte

gral.

Unless output is required, the integrating range can be left as AUTO.

4. Press

SHIFT

automatic zero adjustment.

is displayed.

5. Clamp around a conduc tor to be mea

The 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

LOAD

Electric conductor

Position the clamp with the current di-

SOURCE

rection indicator pointing toward the load side.

sured so that it is centered in th clamp.

The figure shows the 9691 CLAMP ON AC/ DC SENSOR. The current direction mark on Models 9692 and 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSORs is in a different location.

6. Press

start integral measuremen t.

START and TIME are displayed.

7. Press

stop integral measurement.

STOP is displayed.

SHIFT

→ (

0 ADJ

) to execut

START/STOP

1 2 3

Basic Measurement Procedure

4 5 6 7 8 9

) t

Page 48

3.4 AC Integration by Timer

Sensor used : Model 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Measured current : at least 20 A Timer : 30 minutes Number of repetitions : 10 times

1. Press the button to select A

( ).

Button presses are ignored if TIME is displayed: press → to clear it.

2. Press button tw ice to select th

H range (200 A).

Blinking

3. Press button to display the time

4. Press

SHIFT

→ (

play the numerical entry dis play.

INPUT/SET

) to di

5. Press the buttons to enter 3

minutes.

Page 49

3.4 AC Integration by Timer

6. Press to display the rep etition entr

display.

Blinking

The 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

Electric conductor

Clamp direction is irrelevant

7. Press the to set 10 repetitions

8. Press

SHIFT

→ (

accept the entered value s .

INPUT/SET

) to

9. Press button to display the inte

gral.

Unless output is required, the integrating rang can be left as AUTO.

10. Clam p around a conductor to be mea

sured so that it is centered in th clamp.

11. Press

SHIFT

→ (

start integral measuremen t.

START and TIME are displayed.

START/ST OP

) to

1 2 3

Basic Measurement Procedure

4 5 6 7 8 9

12. After ten 30-minute measurement

have occurred, integral measuremen stops automatically.

STOP is displayed.

Page 50

t .

3.5 Outputting Integral Values

Sensor used : Model 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Measured current : 100 A or less After two hours or less, stop measurement manually (no timer)

→ Maximum integral value derived from measured current and measurement

time is 200 Ah (100 A X 2 h) or less OUT1 : MON output OUT2 : Positive integral output

1. Press the button to select D

( ).

Button presses are ignored if TIME is displayed: press → to clear it.

2. Press button twice to select th

H range (200 A).

3. Press button to display the inte

gral.

4. Press the button tw ice to selec

the 1000.0 Ah range (999.9 Ah max display).

Page 51

3.5 Outputting Integra l Values

t "

The 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

LOAD

Electric conductor

Position the clamp with the current di-

SOURCE

rection indicator pointing toward the load side.

5. Press

6. Press

7. Press

SHIFT

→ (

play the output settings. The bar graph appears in both "+" an "-" regions.

SHIFT

→ (

the bar graph appears only in the "+ region.

SHIFT

→ (

automatic zero adjustment.

is displayed.

OUTPUT

0 ADJ

) to dis

) so tha

) to execut

8. Clamp around a conduc tor to be mea

sured so that it is centered in th clamp.

The figure shows the 9691 CLAMP ON AC/ DC SENSOR. The current direction mark on Models 9692 and 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSORs is in a different location.

9. Press

start integral measuremen t.

START and TIME are displayed.

SHIFT

→ (

START/STOP

) t

1 2 3

Basic Measurement Procedure

4 5 6 7 8 9

10. Press

stop integral measurement.

STOP is displayed.

SHIFT

→ (

START/STOP

) t

Page 52

3.6 Measuring Duty by Timer

Sensor used : Model 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR Measured current : 20 A or less Current threshold :2 A AC (defines the operating state as 2 A or higher current) Timer : 24 hours Repetitions : none (one time only)

Blinking

1. Press the button to select A

( ).

Button presses are ignored if TIME is displayed: press → to clear it.

2. Press button to select the

range (20 A) .

3. Press the button to display th

duty.

4. Press

SHIFT

→ (

play the numerical entry display.

INPUT/SET

) to dis

Blinking

5. Press the but tons to enter 2.0

6. Press

accept the entered value s .

SHIFT

→ (

INPUT/SET

) t

Page 53

3.6 Measuring Duty by Timer

)

Blinking

7. Press

8. Press

SHIFT

→ (

play the tim er display.

SHIFT

→ (

play the numerical entry display.

INPUT/SET

) to dis

9. Press the buttons to enter 2

hours.

10. Press

accept the entered value s .

SHIFT

→ (

11. Press the button to display th

duty.

Although no "%" unit indicator appears, the displayed value is percentage.

INPUT/SET

) t

1 2 3

Basic Measurement Procedure

4 5 6 7

The 9691 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

Electric conductor

Clamp direction is irrelevant

12. Clam p around a conductor to be mea

sured so that it is centered in th clamp.

13. Press

start duty measurement.

START and TIME are displayed.

14. Press

again to stop duty measu rem ent.

STOP is displayed.

SHIFT

→ (

SHIFT

→ (

STAR T/STO P

STAR T/STOP

) t

8 9

Page 54

3.6 Measuring Duty by Timer

Page 55

4.1 Verifications Before Measuring

Measurement Procedure 4

4.1 Verifications Before Measuring

Verification Location Verification Content Corrective Procedure

Clamp-on sensor

Cables Is the insulation dam-

Model 3290-10

Jaw teeth

Sensor element

Battery

Range Is the range supported

Zero confirmation

Are they been deformed? If the teeth are deformed, current

Is it cracked or damaged or bare metal exposed?

aged or bare metal exposed?

Is the indicator displayed?

by the clamp-on sensor?

In AC mode, is the displayed value near 0 A?

In DC mode, is the displayed value near 0 A?

In DC or AC mode, with output enabled and an output cord connected to OUT1 or OUT2, is the value read by a DMM near 0 V DC?

measurement cannot be performed. Contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

If damaged, an electric shock accident could occur, so contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

If damaged, contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

indicates low battery voltage. In this state, proper measurement may not be possible, so the batteries should be replaced.

Verify the selected range with the

button (range are described on the battery cover). If the current being measured exceeds the selected range, current consump tion is high and the batteries are discharged quickly.

If the displayed value is not near 0 A, contact your dealer or Hioki rep resentative.

Press SHIFT → (0ADJ) to execute automatic zero adjustment. Verify that the displayed value is now near 0 A.

If the output is not near 0 V, contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8

Page 56

4.2 Selecting the Measurement Parameter

Select the parameter to measure from the following.

• Current (see page 51)

• Frequency (see page 51)

• Peak Current (see page 62)

• Integral (see page 66)

•Duty (see page 79)

Current is measured during both integral and duty measurements. Also, when duty is measured, integral measurement occurs at the same time. A current threshold must be set in order to perform duty measurement.

Duty & Integral

Current

Frequency

Peak current

Duty Measurement

RATE data

Integral Measurement

INTEG data

PEAK data

Current Measurement Frequency Measur ement Peak Measurement

RATE data : duty and operating time INTEG data : integral and interval mean

PEAK data : Peak, maximum and minimum

Measurement

Contents

Select Measurement

Parameter

values (current)

values

Duty Measurement Integral Measurement

Page 57

4.3 Measuring Current

DC Measurement

Range Selection

❖See page 53 ❖ See page 53

Is Output Required?

Yes

SHIFT→

Output Settings

❖See page 54 ❖See page 54

Range Selection

Output Settings Output Settings

Not including DC AC Measurement

Yes

SHIFT→

Current

Measurement

Mode Selection

❖See page 52

AC+DC

Range Selection

❖See page 53

Is Output Required?Is Output Required?

Yes

SHIFT→

❖See page 54

1 2 3

Frequency Measuremen

Measurement Procedure

5 6

7 8

At 0 A input

SHIFT→

Auto Zero

Adjustment

❖See page 57

Auto Zero

Adjustment

Clamp conductor and start measuring

At 0 A input

SHIFT→

❖See page 57

❖See page 60

Page 58

4.3 Measuring Current

Mode Selection

1. Press the button to select the mode.

Button presses are igno red if TIME is display ed: press → to clear it.

For Current Measurement

For Frequency Measurement

DC Mode Select this to measure DC current. AC Mode Select this to measure AC current. AC+DC Mode Select this to measure current other than the above. Examples

are shown below: waveforms with both AC and DC components, and half- and full-wave rectified waveforms.

Waveforms with both AC and DC components

Half-wave rectified waveform

Full-wave rectified waveform

Hz Mode

Select this to measure frequency (in AC Mode)

• In the DC mode, a low-pass filter* of about 0.5 Hz is applied to suppress 50/60 Hz AC mains current ripple. This filter sup presses AC components leaving only the DC component for display. However, this filter also slows measurement response, so rapid current variations are not detected. * Low-pass filter (LPF): a filter that passes only low frequencies

❖See Section 5.4 "F i lter Function" (page 95)

• In the AC mode, any DC component is removed. However, when AC and DC components are both present and waveform peaks exceed 2.5 times the range (crest factor), the waveform is clipped by internal circuitry, and correct measurements are not possible unless a higher range is selected.

❖See "Range Selection" (page 53)

• To measure both AC and DC together, we recommend rms measurement with the AC+DC Mode. However, to measure only the DC component, use the DC Mode.

• When measuring current at 10 Hz or less, select AC+DC mode and set the display update rate ( measurement response time) to SLOW. The SLOW display update rate is slower with the AC mode selected than it is with the AC+DC mode selected.

• Frequency measurement uses AUTO ranging, so no current range setting is needed.

Page 59

Range Selection

2. Press the button to select the range.

4.3 Measuring Current

For Current Measurement

AUTO Ranging

AUTO

• When measuring only current (so that no output settings are needed), AUTO ranging can be used, but if the range is exceeded during current integral or duty measurement, correct measurements cannot be obtained.

• If you press the or button after AUTO ranging is selected, the range that is active at setting time becomes the fixed range (the L range if nothing is being measured).

• When selecting a range, both rms and peak values need to be considered. For example, if the rms current is low but the peak value is high, the waveform may be clipped (depending on the range). The figure below left shows a waveform that can be measured in the H range (200 A range). The waveform is not clipped, so the measured value is 20 A. On the other hand, the figure below right shows clipping at 50 A because of the 2.5 crest factor limitation (50 A in the case of the 20 A range). The (incorrectly) measured value in this case is 10 A, and correct measurement is not performed (crest factor is the peak value / range rating).

When using the 9691 or 9692 : 20.00 A/ 200.0 A When using the 9693 : 200.0 A/ 2000 A

L (Low) Range

When using the 9691 or 9692 : 20.00 A When using the 9693 : 200.0 A

H (High) Range

When using the 9691 or 9692 : 200.0 A When using the 9693 : 2000 A

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8

100 A

20 A

0 A

Peak value

50 A

Measured value

For Frequency Measurement

AUTO Ranging

AUTO

The range switches upward at 1250 counts, and downward at 100 counts. Example: 12.50 Hz → 12.6 Hz, 10.0 Hz → 9.99 Hz

Internal ranges 10.00, 100.0 and 1000 Hz The current range does not need to be set.

10 A

0 A

L rangeH range

Peak valu

Measured value

Page 60

4.3 Measuring Current

Output Settings

If you don’t need to make any output settings, proceed to "Auto Zero Adjustment (for DC and AC+DC modes)" (page 57).

3. Confirm that the optional 9094 OUTPUT CORD is inserted

securely into output jac k 1 (O UT1) ( OUT2 is for integral value out-

put).

4. Press SHIFT → (OUTPUT) to display the output se ttings.

5. Set OUT1 to REC or MON.

MON

REC

Only REC output is available at OUT2.

MON (Monitor) Output Outputs the measured waveform (settable for all mea-

surement modes). REC (Record) Output The measured waveform is converted from rms (RMS/

DC conversion) for output (settable for AC and AC+DC modes). The response speed can be changed by pressing

SHIFT → (SAMPLE).

• Be sure to select the measurement range before making output settings. If you make output settings with AU TO ranging selected, the range that is active at setting time becomes the fixed range (the L range if nothing is being measured).

• In the DC mode, INTEG OUTPUT (bar graph display) switches between ±, + and -. Integral output can be set with current measurement output settings. For AC and AC+DC modes there is no ±, + or - selection.

• Auto power-off is disabled ( not displayed) when making output settings. Output settings do not affect battery consumption.

Page 61

4.3 Measuring Current

Current measurement output levels are shown on the meter’s battery cover. Determine the appropriate output range from the range of the meter and that of the connected instrument (e.g., data recorder). Conversion tables are shown here.

Connected Instrument

Measuring Range

/DIV

20 A range 0.1 A 0.2 A 0.5 A 1 A 2 A 5 A 10 A 20 A

200 A range 1 A 2 A 5 A 10 A 20 A 50 A 100 A 200 A

* Numerical values are current per division on the connected instrument (e.g., data recorder).

Connected Instrument

Measuring Range

/DIV

200 A range 1 A 2 A 5 A 10 A 20 A 50 A 100 A 200 A

2000 A range 10 A 20 A 50 A 100 A 200 A 500 A 1000 A 2000 A

* Numerical values are current per division on the connected instrument (e.g., data recorder).

Frequency Characteristics of clamp-on sensor + Model 3290-10 MON Output

-5

-10

-15

GAIN (dB)

-20

10 mV 20 mV 50 mV 0.1 V 0.2 V 0.5 V 1 V 2 V

9 9 9

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8

-25

-30 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000

入力周波数（Hz）

Frequency (Hz)

Models 9691+3290-10 Models 9692+3290-10 Models 9693+3290-10

Page 62

4.3 Measuring Current

• The input impedance of the connected instrument should be at least 1 M affected.

• To use the out put function, be sure that OUT1 is displayed by pressing

when it is not displayed, but because the auto power-off function is enabled, power will turn off after about 10 minutes.

• When measuring current of 10 Hz or less, select the AC+DC mode and set the display update rate (measurement response time) to SLOW. The SLOW display update rate is slower with the AC mode selected than it is with the AC+DC mode selected.

• Guaranteed output accuracy is applicable to current display values that do not cause O.L. to be displayed in the L range (MON output can be saturated when output exceeds 3.5 V in the L range). Also, in the H range, output is limited by the max imum peak current capability of the clamp-on sensor.

• Maximum MON output is 3.5 V just before the indicator appears. When using the AC adapter or when remaining battery charge is 50% or more, maximum output is 4 V.

• Pressing the button during output does not affect output values.

• Use the optional 9445-02 AC ADAPTER for long-term recording. If using the AC adapter with very noisy mains power, displayed measurements may be unstable, or noise may appear in the output. Connect the grounding or L terminal of the connected instrument (data recorder) to earth ground.

Ω. If the impedance is lower, displayed values may be

SHIFT → (OUTPUT). Output is still available

Page 63

4.3 Measuring Current

Auto Zero Adjustment (for DC and AC+DC modes)

❖See Section 5.1 "Auto Zero Adjustment Function" (page 89)

6. Verify that the measurement current is zero, or that the clamp-

on sensor is not clamped around a conductor.

7. Press SHIFT → (0ADJ) to execute auto zero adj ustment.

• If Auto zero adjustment is not performed, the displayed (and output) current value is always added to measurements.

• Auto zero adjustment is unnecessary in AC mode.

• Auto zero adjustment should be performed in DC and AC +DC modes. In the L range, auto zero adjustmen t is possible when the displayed value is up to ± 450 counts, and in the H range, up to ± 45 counts.

• To cancel auto zero adjustment, tur n the power off and back on.

• Auto zero adjustment cannot be performed during integral or duty measurement (while

START is displayed).

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 64

4.3 Measuring Current

Sensor Temperature Characteristics

The 9691, 9692 and 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSORs employ a Hall-effect element for current detection. The zero point and sensi tivity are therefore temperature dependent according to the characteristics of the individual Hall-effect element.

Zero-Point Temperature Characteristics

Because of the individual differences between Hall-effect elements, the actual offset and rate of change cannot be specified. In an operating environment with wide temperature variations, we suggest being aware beforehand of changes to the zero point with no input. However, while zero point variations affect DC values, they have no effect in the AC mode. The examples show zero point variations (normalized to 23°C) with temperature change for differ ent sensors (characteristics vary widely from one element to another). Specified operating temperature range is 0 to 40°C.

2.0

Model 9691 Zero Point vs. Temperature

1.0

Deviation (A)

0.0

偏差（A）

-1.0

-2.0

-40-200 20406080 温度（℃）

Temperature (°C)

Model 9692 Zero Point vs. Temperature

4.0

2.0

0.0

Deviation (A)

偏差（A）

-2.0

-4.0

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80

温度（℃）

Temperature (°C)

No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 No.5

Page 65

4.0

4.3 Measuring Current

Model 9693 Zero Point vs. Temperature

2.0

0.0

Deviation (A)

偏差（A）

-2.0

-4.0

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 温度（℃）

Temperature (°C)

Sensor Sensitivity Temperature Characteristics

Hall-element sensitivity is temperature dependent, so temperature compensation is provided in the circuitry. The examples show sensitivity variations (normalized to 23°C) with temperature change for different sensors (characteristics vary slightly from one element to another). Specified operating temperature range is 0 to 40°C.

Sensor Sensitivity vs. T emperat ur e

Deviation (%)

偏差（A）

-1

-2

-3

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 温度（℃）

Temperature (°C)

No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 No.5

Model 9691

9691

Model 9692

9692

Model 9693

9693

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 66

ec he at

4.3 Measuring Current

Starting Measurement

8. Open the sen sor clamp and clamp it around the c onductor to

be measured, position the conductor at the center of the clamp, and start measuring.

SOURCE

• The most precise measurements are obtained when the conductor to be measured is centered in the clamp, to minimize the effects of conductor proximity to the clamp. However, if the conductor to be measured is not positioned orthogonally to the clamp-on sensor, current measurements will be slightly affected at higher frequencies.

• Measurement values may differ when the direction of the clamp-on sensor is changed, but any such differences should be within the specified accuracy.

• In AC, AC+DC, and Hz modes, the direction of current flow in the conductor does not need to match that of the arrow on the clamp.

LOAD

(DC mode case) Make sure that the dir tion of current f low i n t conductor matches th of the arrow on the clamp.

Page 67

4.3 Measuring Current

For Current Measurement

• AC and AC+DC modes If fluctuations cause measured values to be hard to read, press

SHIFT → (SAMPLE) to select the SLOW display update

rate.

• When the display update rate is SLOW and the measurement range changes automatically (by AUTO ranging) as a r esult of a change in measured current, correct measurement is tempo rarily inhibited (because the display update rate is faster than the measurement response time affected by the range change). Erroneous MAX and MIN values may also be dis played. If the range can be expected to change because of a change in measured current, manually select the H range.

• When measuring a fast-rising current such as starting current, set the display update rate to FAST. Also, by pressing the

button so that MAX is displayed, the maximum value

can be read.

• In the L range, the maximum display is 2500 dgt.

• O.L. indicates over-range.

• When or is displayed on the bar graph, it indicates that an over-range negative or positive condition occurred during peak current measurement.

For Frequency Measurement

• When the amplitude of the current being measured is near the bottom of the L range (5% or less of the full range), frequency measurement may be incorrect. The bar graph indicates the current measurement value. In this case, " displayed, or the displayed value becomes unstable.

• If the measured frequency is 1 Hz or less, the bar gr aph indicates " ". If the measured frequency is 1 kHz or more,

O.L. is displayed.

• Depending on the measured frequency, some time may be necessary for the measurement to stabilize.

• When measuring 10 Hz or less, depending on the amplitude of the current being measured, the frequency may not be displayed. In this case, set the display update rate to SLOW in the AC mode before switching to the Hz mode.

• Frequency measurement is performed by zero-crossing detection. However, because non-sinusoidal waveforms such as inverter outputs are low-pass filtered, the frequency may not be measurable in some cases (if the carrier frequency is as low as several kHz, the carrier component may not be sufficiently suppressed by the filter, so zero crossings are improperly detected and the indicated frequency is too high).

• If the waveform includes DC bias, zero crossings may n ot be detected and the indicated frequency may be too high or unstable.

" or O.L. is

3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 68

)

4.4 Measuring Peak Current

Peak Current

Measurement

Display of both polarities necessary

Usable with all waveforms

Selects Peak

Mode Selection

Polarity display unnecessary

Not including DC AC Measurement (absolute value display)

Selects Peak Selects Peak

❖See page 63 ❖See page 63

Range Selection Range Selection

❖See page 64

Auto Zero

Adjustment

At 0 A input

SHIFT→

❖See page 64

❖See page 57

Clamp around Conducto r

❖See page 63

❖See page 65

Usable with all waveforms (absolute value display

AC+DC

❖See page 63

Range Selection

❖See page 64

At 0 A input

SHIFT→

Auto Zero

Adjustment

❖See page 57

Clears Peak Value

Start Measurement

❖See page 65

Page 69

Mode Selection

1. Press the button to select the mode.

Button presses are ignored if TIME is displayed: press → to clear it.

Peak Selection

2. Press the button to select PEAK.

4.4 Measuring Peak Current

DC Mode Usable with all waveforms.

Displays + (positive) and - (negative) peak values. AC Mode Usable with AC waveforms with no DC component.

Displays absolute value. AC+DC Mode Usable with all waveforms.

Displays absolute value.

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6

• In DC mode, both positive and negative peak values are displayed. Select this to measure peaks of both polarities.

• Auto zero adjustment is required when selecting DC or AC+DC mode.

7 8 9

Page 70

4.4 Measuring Peak Current

Range Selection

3. Press the button to select the range.

AUTO

• If the appropriate range cannot b e estimated, measure using the H range first, and then select a lower range if necessary.

• If peak values exceeds the L range when measuring with AUTO ranging, some time is required for range switching, so a short-duration peak may not be detected.

• See Section 6.1.1 "Current Measurement" (page 108) for maximum display limitations.

AUTO Ranging When using the 9691 or 9692 : 20 A/ 200 A

When using the 9693 : 200 A/ 2000 A L (Low) Range

When using the 9691 or 9692 : 20 A When using the 9693 : 200 A

H (High) Range

When using the 9691 or 9692 : 200 A When using the 9693 : 2000 A

Auto Zero Adjustment (for DC and AC+DC modes)

❖See Section 5.1 "Auto Zero Adju st me nt Fu ncti on " (p a ge 89)

4. Verify that the measurement current is zero, or that the clamp-

on sensor is not clamped around a conductor.

5. Press SHIFT → (0ADJ) to execute aut o z ero adjustment.

• Executing auto zero adjustment clears peak value data at the same time.

• Auto zero adjustment is unnecessary in AC mode.

Page 71

Starting Measurement

ec he at

6. Open the sensor cla mp and clamp it aro und the conductor to

be measured, position the conductor at the center of the clamp, and start measuring.

4.4 Measuring Peak Current

LOAD

(DC mode case) Make sure that the dir tion of current f low i n t

SOURCE

conductor matches th of the arrow on the clamp.

7. Press the button to clear peak values.

• Measurement values may differ when the direction of the clamp-on sensor is changed, but any such differences should be within the specified accuracy.

• In AC, AC+DC, and Hz modes, the direction of current flow in the conductor does not need to match that of the arrow on the clamp.

• When measuring peaks in the AC mode, press the button a few seconds after changing the range.

• Pressing the button does not clear peak values while

TIME and START are displayed.

• O.L. indicates an over-range measurement.

2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 72

4.5 Current Integration

Integral

Measurement

Preparations for

Current Measure ment

Timer Settings

Needed?

Display Integral

Clear INT EG Dat a

Select Integral

Range

Is Output

Required?

Yes

SHIFT→

Output Settings

Clamp Conductor

SHIFT→

Start Integration

❖See Section 4.3 "Measuring Current"

(page 51)

Yes

Timer Setting

Time Display

❖See page 69

Value Settings

❖See page 70

❖See page 71

❖See page 73

Need Repetition?

Setting Display

Enter Number of

Accept Settings

Appears

SHIFT→

Appear

Enter Timer

Value

Yes

Repetition

Repetitions

SHIFT→

❖See page 67

Timer Setting

Expired?

SHIFT→

Stop Integration

Yes

Automatically Stop

Integration

Page 73

4.5 Current Integration

Preparations for Current Measurement

1. Preparing for current measurement.

Follow the procedure beginning at Section 4.3 "Measuring Current" (page 51) up until "Starting Measurement" (page 60). Be aware of the temperature characteristics the 9691, 9692 and 9693 CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSORs.

• In DC and AC+DC modes, always perform auto zero adjustment (page 89) before starting integral measurement.

• Because of the temperature characteristics of the clamp-on sensors, their zero points are temperature dependent. This affects measurements in DC and AC+DC modes, so be sure to read "Sensor Temperature Characteristics" (page 58) to familiarize yourself with the characteristics before measuring.

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

Timer Setting

If no timer settings are needed, confirm that the timer is disabled by pressing the

Value Display" (page 69).

2. Press the button to display th e ti m er.

If TIME is displayed, press the button.

3. Press SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) to display the numerical

entry display.

button (twice), and skip ahead to "Integral

5 6 7 8 9

Blinking

Page 74

4.5 Current Integration

4. Press the buttons to set the timer (from 1 minute to 99

hours, 59 minutes).

: Increment/decrement digit : Move cursor to another digit

Blinking

5. Press the button to move the cursor to the right to display

the repetition setting.

Blinking

6. Press the buttons to s et th e num ber of times to repeat

the measurement (up to 20 repetitions).

Blinking

7. Press SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) to accept your settings.

• By using the timer, an integral can be measured over a specified interval.

• The integration time set on the timer can be repeated up to 20 times. For example, a 30 minute integration time might be repeated 10 times.

• If you don’t need repeated integral measurements, or if you want to cancel the repetition setting, set the value on the repetition display to "1" (the default setting).

• To cancel the timer setting, set the timer to zero.

• During repeated measu rement s, in ad dition to th e timer tole rance, a maximum 0.1-se cond delay can occur p er timer in terval ( timer setting).

• When the timer stops automatically, appears and ten minutes later, the meter turns itself off.

Page 75

Integral Value Display

8. Press the button to di sp lay th e int egral.

9. Press the button to clear INTEG data (integral and inter val

mean values).

Clearing INTEG data on the integral display clears RATE and PEAK data as well.

4.5 Current Integration

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 76

4.5 Current Integration

Integral Range Setting

10. Press the button to select the range for the integral.

• If no integral value output is needed, select AUTO ranging.

• The integral range consists of five components for each current range (four are common, so there are a total of six range components). When the timer is set, a large integrating range is unnecessary because the time and current range settings are n ot displayed

even if the

• If no output settings are made, the integral range can be changed during integral measurement.

Current Rage Integral Range

Model

9691

Model

9692

Model

9693

20 A 10.000 Ah 100.00 Ah 1000.0 Ah 10.000 kAh 100.00 kAh -- --

200 A -- 100.00 Ah 1000.0 Ah 10.000 kAh 100.00 kAh 1000.0 kAh --

20 A 10.000 Ah 100.00 Ah 1000.0 Ah 10.000 kAh 100.00 kAh -- -200 A -- 100.00 Ah 1000.0 Ah 10.000 kAh 100.00 kAh 1000.0 kAh -200 A -- 100.00 Ah 1000.0 Ah 10.000 kAh 100.00 kAh 1000.0 kAh --

2000 A -- -- 1000.0 Ah 10.000 kAh 100.00 kAh 1000.0 kAh 10000 kAh

button is pressed.

Integral Range Table

Maximum display is 9999 counts.

Page 77

Output Settings

If no integral value output is needed, skip ahead to "Starting Measurement" (page 73).

11. Confirm that the optional 9094 OUTPUT CORD is inserted

securely into output jack 1 (OUT1)

put).

12. Press SHIFT → (OUTPUT) to display the output se ttings.

13. In DC mode, select the integral value for output by pressing SHIFT

→ (OUTPUT).

On the display, OUT2 is fixed to REC (1 2- bit D /A output of integr al value: 1 mV per count up to ± 999.9 mV).

Mode Setting Bar Graph Display OUT2: REC

AC, AC+DC none Integral output (fixed)

Output setting is disabled when neither OUT1 or OUT2 is displayed.

• No polarity sign (±, + or -) is displayed in AC and AC+DC modes.

• Select the appropriate current range before making output settings.

❖See "Integral Range Setting" (page 70)

• Each five counts increments or decrements the output by 0.5 mV (0.5 mV resolution).

• During repeating measurement, the integral value output is reset to 0 V at the end of each measurement interval.

•See "Output Settings" (page 54) for settings applicable to the OUT1 jack.

• The refresh rate of the integral value (D/A) output is th e same as the display update rate. This rate is 100 ms when FAST is selected.

4.5 Current Integration

(OUT2 is for integral value out-

+ Positive integral output

- Negative integral output

Total integral output

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 78

4.5 Current Integration

• The maximum count of 9999 produces 999.9 mV output. If the count exceeds 9999, the integral range is automatically incre mented. Example: 99.99 Ah → 100.0 Ah, 999.9 Ah → 1.000 kAh When this increment occurs, output steps from 999.9 mV →

0.1 V (or with negative integral output, from -99 9.9 mV → -0.1 V). On the other hand, when the measurement count decrements below 1000, the range does not change. Example: Measured current of 100.0 Ah → 99.9 Ah produces output of 0.1 V

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

出力値（V）

0.3

Output Value (V)

0.2

0.1

0.0 0 20406080100

→ 0.0999 V

積算値出力

Integral Value Output

時間

Time

• During repeating measurements, the range of the latest measurement is retained.

• Integral measurement output levels are shown on the meter ’s battery cover.

• Determine the appropriate output range from the integral range of the meter and the input range of the connected instrument (e.g., data recorder). Conversion tables are shown here.

Connected Instrument

Measuring Range

/DIV

10.000 Ah 0.1 Ah 0.2 Ah 0.5 Ah 1 Ah 2 Ah 5 Ah

100.00 Ah 1 Ah 2 Ah 5 Ah 10 Ah 20 Ah 5 0 Ah

1000.0 Ah 10 Ah 20 Ah 50 Ah 100 Ah 200 Ah 500 Ah

10.000 kAh 100 Ah 200 Ah 500 Ah 1 kAh 2 kAh 5 kAh

100.00 kAh 1 kAh 2 kAh 5 kAh 10 kAh 20 kAh 50 kAh

1000.0 kAh 10 kAh 20 kAh 50 kAh 100 kAh 200 kAh 500 kAh 10000 kAh 100 kAh 200 kAh 500 kAh 1000 kAh 2000 kAh 5000 kAh

10 mV 20 mV 50 mV 0.1 V 0.2 V 0.5 V

* Numerical valu es ar e integral value per div i si on o n the connected instru ment (e.g., data rec order ) .

Page 79

ec he at

4.5 Current Integration

• The input impedance of the connected instrument should be at least 1 M

• Output is unaffected by pressing the button.

• Use the optional 9445-02 AC AD APTER for long-term record ing. If using the AC adapter with very noisy AC mains power, displayed values may be unstable, or noise may appear in the output, in which case connect the ground of the connected instrument (data recorder) or L terminal at the recorde r side to earth ground.

Ω to avoid affecting the displayed value.

1 2

Starting Measurement

14. Open the sensor clamp an d clamp it around the c onductor to

be measured, position the conductor at the center of the clamp, and start measuring.

SOURCE

• Measurement values may differ when the direction of the clamp-on sensor is changed, but any such differences should be within the specified accuracy.

• In AC, AC+DC, and Hz modes, the direction of current flow in the conductor does not need to match that of the arrow on the clamp.

LOAD

(DC mode case) Make sure that the dir tion of current f low i n t conductor matches th of the arrow on the clamp.

3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 80

4.5 Current Integration

15. Press SHIFT → (START/STOP) to start integr ation.

START appears, and the colon (:) in the elapsed time display blinks.

Auto power-off is disabled (APS not displayed).

16. Press SHIFT → (START/STOP) to stop integration.

STOP appears, and the colon (:) in the elapsed time display stops

blinking. If the timer is enabled, integration stops automatically after the pre-

set timer and repetition settings. Unless output has been enabled, auto power-off is re-enabled (APS displayed).

• Pressing the button displays the integral and interval mean values. The interval mean value indicates the current value as the interval / integrating time. DC mode: Total Integral → Positive Integral → Negative Integral → Interval Mean Value AC and AC+DC modes: Integral → Interval Mean Value

• The display update rate changes to the setting value.

• Press the button to display peak, maximum and minimum values (in DC mode, only positive and negative peak values).

• Stopping integration also stops the elapsed time count.

• The appearance of the "+" or "-" symbol blinking while an integral value is displayed indicates than an over-range measurement occurred in the currently selected range and with the indicated polarity.

• When an over-range current measurement occurs (O.L. displayed), the maximum value of the current range is used for integration.

❖Current range: see Section 6.1.1 "Current Measurement" (page 108)

• The appearance of the or indicator on the bar graph while an integral value is displayed indicates than either a negative or positive over-range condition occurred during current mea surement.

• If the measured current value becomes 0 A because of the zero suppression function (counts of 5 or less are forced to dis play as 0), then 0 A is used for integration.

• Maximum integration time is 2,000 hours. Press the button to display values after 100 hours.

• When the frequency of the measured current is 45 Hz or higher, measure using the FAST mode, which provides the fastest measurement response to follow rapid fluctuations.

Page 81

4.5 Current Integration

To integrate continuously (Cumulative integration)

To resume integration after clearing INTEG data (New integration)

To cancel or change the timer setting

To view data by stopping the display while integrating (Data hold)

To determine the repetition number of the occurring measurement during repeating measurement

To view historical INTEG data (integrals and interval mean values)

To view history of PEAK data (Peak values)

Press SHIFT → (START/STOP) again to start integration. START is displayed.If the timer has been set, refer to the following table regarding limitations (data is not stored when stopped).

Press the button and then the button to clear the integral value, then press SHIFT → (START/

STOP).

Set again according to "Timer Setting" (page 67).

Press the button. At this point, integration and elapsed time progress are not interrupted. Displayed value update is stopped, but measurement continues internally.

❖See Section 5.5 "Data Hold" (page 96)

Press the button. The repetition number of the occurring measurement is indicated on the bar graph.

After pressing the button (HOLD displayed), press the button. Press the or button to select on

the bar graph which measurement data (t hat is, w hich repetition number) to view. When multiple bars are displayed, the displayed values are the cumulative integral and mean of all measurements up to the present.

❖See Section 5.6 "Viewing Historical Data" (page 97)

After pressing the button (HOLD displayed), press the button. Press the or button to select on

the bar graph which measurement data (t hat is, w hich repetition number) to view. When multiple bars are displayed, the displayed values are the peak, maximum and minimum values from all measurements up to the present.

❖See Section 5.6 "Viewing Historical Data" (page 97)

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8

Timer and Repetition Setting Examples

Timer Setting

1 None None Manual Manual

2 Yes (30 min) None (Once) Manual

3 Yes (30 min) Yes (Five times) Manual

* Not available if INTEG data is being retained (TIME displayed), but can be set if data is cleared.

Repetition Set-

ting

Start Stop Cumulative Integration Timer Setting

Available

(Until stopped manually)

Manual

(Before timer stops)

Timer (30 min )

(Before timer stops)

Timer (5 x 30 min)

Available

(Stops 30 min after restart)

Not available

Not avail-

able

Page 82

)

4.5 Current Integration

Setting Example

(Setting range is up to 99 hours, 59 minutes, in minute steps)

Timer Setting

30 min

30 min30 min

Repetitions Setting

Once 2 times

Start Measurement

View Data History

button: Integral and interval mean value button: Peak, maximum and minimum values

3 times

(After pressing button)

Data from first measurement

Data from second measurement

Data from ninth measurement

Data from tenth measurement

Total data Total data from first through tenth measurements

9 times

10 times

(up to 20 times

To display an integration over periods longer than 100 hours, press the

button.

❖To view stored data, see Section 5.6 "Viewing Historical Data" (page 97)

Page 83

About the Measurement Process

The DC measurement method of this meter separates the input signal into positive and negative polarity components. A typical current integrator passes the signal through a low-pass filter (LPF), then converts the waveform (e.g., square wave) into DC for measurement. These current measurements are then summed to produce the integral. However, because of the inherent response time of the low-pass filter, brief negative pulses cannot be detected, as illustrated below. As a result, the negative integral is zero or too small, and the positive integral may be too small (although there is no net error in the total integral).

4.5 Current Integration

1 2 3

0 A

After LPF

0 A

Negative pulses not detected

Short negative pulses

On the other hand, this meter splits the waveform into positive and negative components before processing. Each polarity is then pro cessed independently so there is no loss of e ither, and therefore more accurate detection. As a result, it is possible to measure very slight control errors by positive and negative integration. The total integral value is obtained by summing positive and negative inte grals. Sampling is 10 time/s (alternating polarities 5 times/s).

After separating polarities After LPF

0 A

Short negative pulses

In AC and AC+DC modes, all waveforms are made positive by RMS-DC conversion, so there is no meter-inherent difference as described above.

Measurement Procedure

7 8 9

Page 84

4.5 Current Integration

Functions available during measurement

(START displayed)

• View INTEG data (integral and interval mean value)

• View PEAK data (peak values, etc.)

• View elapsed time

• View timer setting and repetition

• View present current value

• Stop integration

• Change integration range if no output has been enabled

• Data hold

• View remaining battery charge

• Turn meter off by button (data is stored automatically)

Functions not available during measurement

(both START and TIME displayed)

• Change measurement mode ( button disabled)

• Change current range ( button disabled)

• Change integration range when output has been enabled

( button disabled)

• Clear INTEG data ( button disabled)

• Clear PEAK data ( button disable d)

• Change timer setting (SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) button disabled)

• Change output settings (SHIFT → (OUTPUT) button disabled)

• Change display update rate(SHIFT → (SAMPLE) button disabled)

• Auto zero adjustment (SHIFT → (0 ADJ) button disabled)

• Change filter setting (SHIFT → (FILTER) button disabled)

Functions not available while INTEG data is being retained

• Change measurement mode ( button disabled)

• Change current range ( button disabled)

• Change timer setting (SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) button disabled)

• Clear data other than that the integral, elapsed time and duty displays ( button disabled)

(both START and TIME displayed)

Deleting INTEG Data

• With the integral value displayed, press the button (TIME not displayed).

Recalling Stored Data

• While holding the SHIFT button, press the button to turn the meter on. View stored data by pressing , , and

• To resume measuring, turn the meter off and back on.

Page 85

4.6 Measuring Duty

Duty

Measurement

Preparations for

Current Measurement

Display the Duty

Clear RATE Data

SHIFT→

Show the Numeri-

cal Entry Display

Enter the Current

Threshold

SHIFT→

Accept the S etti ng

Timer Settings

Needed?

❖4.3 "Measuring Current"

(page 51)

❖See page 80

Yes

Timer Setting

Time Display

Appears

Value Settings

Appear

Enter Timer

Value

Need Repetition?

Yes

Repetition

Setting Display

Enter Number of

Repetitions

❖See page 82

2 3

SHIFT→

Measurement Procedure

6 7 8

Display the Duty

Clamp Conductor

SHIFT→

Start

Measurement

Timer Setting

Expired?

SHIFT→

Stop

Measurement

❖See page 84

Yes

Measurement Stops

Automatically

SHIFT→

Accept Settings

Page 86

4.6 Measuring Duty

Preparations for Current Measurement

1. Preparing for current measurement.

❖See "Sensor Temperature Characteristics" (page 58)

Current Threshold Setting

2. Press the button to display the duty.

If TIME is displayed, press button to clear it.

3. Press button to clear any RATE data (duty, operating time

* The current threshold is not cleared.

When clearing RATE data on the duty display, INTEG and PEAK data are also cleared.

4. Press SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) to display the numerical

entry display.

Blinking

Page 87

4.6 Measuring Duty

)

5. Press the buttons to set the current threshold.

The current threshold is the value used for judging the operating state.

Blinking

6. Press SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) to accept the setting.

1 2 3

• Do not change the current range after setting the current threshold. Changing the range causes the threshold to shift up or down by a factor of 10. Select the appropriate current range before setting the current threshold on page

• For any digit, pressing the button when the value is zero changes the polarity to negative. To change the setting to positive (0 A or more), press the button so that the "-" sign disappears.

• In AC and AC+DC modes, setting are made with rms (positive polarity).

• In DC mode, the setting may be positive or negative (for example, when the threshold is set to ?20 A and ?10 A is measured, the operating state is judged to be active (on), and ?30 A is judged to be the non-operating (off) state.

• The current threshold cannot be set to 1 to 5 counts because zero suppression (forcing counts of 5 or less to display as zero) causes the current measurement value to display as 0 A (the next setting after 0 is 6).

• To change the curr ent threshold, see "Current Threshold Setting" (page 80).

• Measurement of operating time works as shown below.

Measured Current Value

Threshold Setting: 2 A

0 A

Non-Operating Tim e: A

Non-Operating Tim e : B

Total Measurement Time: Z

Total Measurement Time: Z (=A+B+C Operating Time: A+C Duty (percentage): (A+C) / Z Å~ 100

Operating Time: C

80.

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 88

4.6 Measuring Duty

Measurement

Process

Threshold

For DC measurements, the meter splits the signal into positive and negative components before low-pass filtering. The inherent response time of the filter suppresses the detection of short pulses, so errors can result in the operating time measurement. This error can affect the duty measurement (although current values below the threshold have no affect on the measurement).

Short time below threshold (about 10 seconds or less)

In AC and AC+DC modes, measurement response time is affected by RMS/DC conversion. If severe current fluctuations (at 45 Hz and above) are present, we recommend measuring in FAST mode.

Timer Setting

If no timer settings are needed, confirm that the timer is disabled by pressing the

Measurement" (page 84).

7. Press the butt on to display the timer.

After LPF

Threshold

Signals shorter than the minimum threshold time are not detected

button (twice), and skip ahead to "Starting

8. Press SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) to display the numerical

entry display.

Blinking

Page 89

4.6 Measuring Duty

9. Press the buttons to set the timer (from 1 minute to 99

hours, 59 minutes).

: Increment/decrement digit : Move cursor to another digit

Blinking

10. Press the button to move the cursor to the right to display

the repetition setting.

Blinking

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

11. Press the buttons to set the numbe r of times to repeat

the measurement (up to 2 0 repetitions).

Blinking

12. Press SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) to accept your se ttings.

• By using the timer, an integral can be measured over a specified interval.

• The integration time set on the timer can be repeated up to 20 times. For example, a 30 minute integration time might be repeated 10 times.

• If you don’t need repeated measurements, or if you want to cancel the repetition setting, set the value on the repetition dis play to "1" (the default setting).

• To cancel the timer setting, set the timer to zero.

• During repeated measurements, in addition to the timer tolerance, a maximum 0.1-second delay can occur per timer interval (timer setting).

6 7 8 9

Page 90

ec he at

4.6 Measuring Duty

Duty Display

13. Press the button to disp lay th e dut y.

Starting Measurement

14. Open the sen sor clamp and clamp it around the c onductor to

be measured, position the conductor at the center of the clamp, and start measuring.

LOAD

(DC mode case) Make sure that the dir tion of current f low i n t

SOURCE

• Measurement values may differ when the direction of the clamp-on sensor is changed, but any such differences should be within the specified accuracy.

• In AC, AC+DC, and Hz modes, the direction of current flow in the conductor does not need to match that of the arrow on the clamp.

conductor matches th of the arrow on the clamp.

Page 91

4.6 Measuring Duty

15. Press SHIFT → (START/STOP) to start duty measure-

ment.

START appears, and the colon (:) in the elapsed time display blinks.

Auto power-off is disabled (APS not displayed).

16. Press SHIFT → (START/STOP) to stop duty measure-

ment.

STOP appears, and the colon (:) in the elapsed time display stops

blinking. If the timer is enabled, measurement stops automatically after the

preset timer and repetition settings. Unless output has been enabled, auto power-off is re-enabled (APS displayed).

• Press the button to display the duty percentage (Operating Time / Measurement Time X 100), operating time and current threshold. Duty Percentage → Operating Time → Current Threshold

• Although the percent sign (%) is not displayed, the displayed duty value is a percentage.

• The display update rate changes to the setting value.

• Press the button to display peak, maximum and mini mum values (in DC mode, only positive and negative peak values).

• Stopping measurement also stops the elapsed time count.

• When displaying current, the or indicator may appear on the bar graph indicating that either a neg ative or po sitive overrange current measurement occurred.

• When the frequency of the measured current is 45 Hz or higher, measure using the FAST mode, which provides the fastest measurement response to follow rapid fluctuations.

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8 9

Page 92

4.6 Measuring Duty

To measure continuously (Continuous measurement)

To resume measuring after clearing RATE data (New measurement)

To change the current threshold

To cancel or change the timer setting

To view data by stopping the display while measuring duty (Data hold)

To determine the repetition number of the occurring measurement during repeating measurement

To view history of RATE data (Duty and Operating Time)

To view history of PEAK data (Peak values)

Press SHIFT → (START/STOP) again to start measuring. START is displayed.If the timer has been set, refer to the following table regarding limitations.

Press the button and then the button to clear the measurement value, then press SHIFT →

(START/STOP). See "Current Threshold Setting" (page 80) to reset.

Set again according to "Timer Setting" (page 82).

Press the button. At this point, actual duty measurement and elapsed time progress are not interrupted. Display update is stopped, but duty measurement continues internally .

❖See Section 5.5 "Data Hold" (page 96)

Press the button. The repetition number of the occurring measurement is indicated on the bar graph.

After pressing the button (HOLD displayed), press the button.Press the and buttons to select on

the bar graph which data (that is, which repetition number) to view. When multiple bars are displayed, the displayed values are the duty and operating time up to the present.

❖See Section 5.6 "Viewing Historical Dat a" (p a ge 97)

After pressing the button (HOLD displayed), press the button.Press the or button to select on the

bar graph which measurement data (that is, which repetition number) to view. When multiple bars are displayed, the displayed values are the peak, maximum and minimum values from all measurements up to the present.

❖See Section 5.6 "Viewing Historical Dat a" (p a ge 97)

Timer and Repetition Setting Examples

Timer Setting

1 None None Manual Manual

2 Yes (30 min) None (Once) Manual

3 Yes (30 min) Yes (Five times) Manual

* Not available if RATE data is being retained (TIME displayed), but can be set if data is cleared.

Repetition Set-

ting

Start Stop Cumulative Integratio n Timer Setting

Available

(Until stopped manually)

Manual

(Before timer stops)

Timer (30 min)

(Before timer stops)

Timer (5 x 30 min)

Available

(Stops 30 min after restart)

Not available

Not avail-

able

Page 93

Setting Example

)

4.6 Measuring Duty

Timer Setting

Repetitions Setting

(Setting range is up to 99 hours, 59 minutes, in minute steps)

30 min

Once 2 times 3 times

Start Measurement

View Data History

30 min

button: Peak, maximum and minimum values button: Duty and operating time

30 min

(After pressing

button)

Data from first measurement

Data from second measurement

Data from ninth measurement

Data from tenth measurement

30 min

9 times

30 min

10 times

(up to 20 times

1 2 3 4

Measurement Procedure

5 6 7 8

Total data Total data from first through tenth measurements

To display a measurement over periods longer than 100 hours, press the

❖To view stored data, see Section 5.6 "Viewing Historical Data" (page 97)

button.

Page 94

4.6 Measuring Duty

Functions available during measurement

(START displayed)

• View INTEG data (integral and interval mean value)

• View RATE data (duty, operating time, and current threshold)

• View PEAK data (peak, maximum, and minimum values)

• View elapsed time

• View timer setting and repetition

• View present current value

• Stop duty measurement

• Data hold

• View remaining battery charge

• Turn meter off by button (data is stored automatically)

Functions not available during measurement

(both START and TIME displayed)

• Change measurement mode ( button disabled)

• Change current range ( button disabled)

• Clear RATE data ( button disabled)

• Clear PEAK data ( button disable d)

• Change current threshold setting

(SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) button disabled)

• Change timer setting (SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) button disabled)

• Change output settings (SHIFT → (OUTPUT) button disabled)

• Change display update rate(SHIFT → (SAMPLE) button disabled)

• Auto zero adjustment (SHIFT → (0 ADJ) button disabled)

Functions not available while RATE data is being retained

(both START and TIME displayed)

• Change measurement mode ( button disabled)

• Change current range ( button disabled)

• Change timer setting (SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) button disabled)

• Change current threshold setting

• Clear data other than that the integral, elapsed time and duty dis-

(SHIFT → (INPUT/SET) button disabled)

plays

( button disabled)

Deleting RATE Data

• With the duty displayed, press the button (TIME not displayed).

Recalling Stored Data

• While holding the SHIFT button, press the button to turn the meter on. View stored data by pressing , , and

• To resume measuring, turn the meter off and back on.

Page 95

5.1 Auto Zero Adjustment Function

Applicable Measurement

Modes 5

5.1 Auto Zero Adjustment Function

Measurement Modes: DC and AC+DC

The auto-zero adjustment function automatically adjusts the offset in the internal circuit that results from temperature characteristics or clamp-sensor magnetization. The clamp core is magnetized when a large DC current is measured or a powerful magnet is placed close to the clamp core.

1. Close the clamp-on sensor tightly.

2. Verify that the display is stable with no signal applied.

3. Press SHIFT → (0ADJ) to execute auto zero adjustment.

Before Adjustment

4. appears when finished.

• Because the zero suppression function may be enabled (forcing counts of five or less to display as zero), perform auto zero adjustment even if the displayed value is zero.

• The maximum adjustment ranges in current measurement mode are as follows: L range: approx. ± 450 dgt., H range: approx. ± 45 dgt. Auto zero adjustment cannot be performed if the displayed value is outside of these ranges.

• If auto-zero adjustment is performed during current m easurement or while the reading fluctuates, zero adjustment may not be performed correctly.

• When AUTO ranging is enabled, auto zero adjustment is performed in both L and H ranges.

•See "Sensor Temperature Characteristics" (page 58) for the temperature characteristics of the clamp-on sensors.

Finished

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9

Applicable Measurement Modes

Page 96

5.2 Display Update Rate

Measurement Modes: AC, AC+DC

The display update rate can be changed to suit measurement conditions. In the DC mode, this is fixed at about once per second.

1. Press SHIFT → (SAMPLE).

2. The display update rate changes as follows.

FASTSLOW NORMAL

• The measurement response time (rms measurement con version speed) is affected by this selection.

• Display of integral and duty measurements is the same as the display update rate.

• Integral value output (D/A output) is refreshed with the same timing as the display update rate.

Page 97

5.2 Display Update Rate

NORMAL • The digital display update rate at power on is about twice per

second.

SLOW • If fluctuations make the measured value hard to read during cur-

rent measurement, set the display update rate to SLOW (about once every three seconds) to improve readability.

• Measurement response time is about eight seconds, so if the measurement fluctuates severely, some time may be needed for the display value to stabilize.

• When SLOW is selected with AUTO ranging and the range switches automatically in response to a change in measured cur rent, measurement is temporarily inhibited (because the display update is fast and measurement response is slow, range changes are delayed). An error also occurs in MAX and MIN dis played values. Therefore, if the measured current is expected to change, manually select the H range.

• For current measurements at 10 Hz and lower, accuracy in AC+DC mode is only guaranteed with SLOW display update rate (measurement response time).

FAST • During current measurement, the display update rate for mea-

sured values is set to about ten times per second. This rate is most suitable for applications such as starting current measure ment. So that starting current will be easy to read, press the

button to enable MAX value display.

• For starting current measurement, a continuous waveform of at least 200 ms is required. Measured values will be too low if the waveform is shorter than that.

• Accuracy cannot be guaranteed for measured current frequencies below 45 Hz.

1 2 3

Applicable Measurement Modes

6 7

8 9

Page 98

5.3 Measurement Response Time

Measurement Modes: AC, AC+DC

1. Press SHIFT → (SAMPLE).

2. The measurement response time changes.

❖See pages 93 and 94

FASTSLOW NORMAL

• Changes to the display update rate and measurement response time are interdependent.

• MON output is independent of measurement response time.

FAST (0.2s) : Meets specifications at 45 Hz an d above. NORMAL (0.8s) : Meets specifications at 10 Hz and above. SLOW (8s) : Meets specifications at 1 Hz and above.

NORMAL • Unless set otherwise using the save settings function, the mea-

surement response time is set to NORMAL at power on. There is no display indication for the NORMAL rate.

SLOW • SLOW is displayed when the SLOW measurement response time

is selected.

• With the slow display update rate (measu rement response time), low frequencies (10 Hz and below) can be measured correctly in AC+DC mode, but rapid fluctuations cannot be followed due to the slow response.

• When SLOW is selected with AUTO ranging and the range switches automatically in response to a change in measured current, current measurement is temporarily inhibited (because the display update is fast and measurement response is slow, range changes are delayed). An error also occurs in MAX and MIN dis played values. If the measured current is expected to change, manually select the H range.

• For current measurements at 10 Hz and lower, accuracy in AC+DC mode is only guaranteed with SLOW display update rate (measurement response time).

FAST • FAST is displayed when the FAST measurement response time is

selected.

• The FAST response time can follow rapid fluctuations, but low frequencies (below 45 Hz) cannot be measured correctly.

• Accuracy cannot be guaranteed for current measurements at frequencies below 45 Hz.

Page 99

5.3 Measurement Response Time

Output Response Waveform (Rising Edge)

FAST

NORMAL

SLOW

Input waveform

200 A 100 A

AC mode 200 A range: 0 A

Input waveform

200 A

100 A

AC mode 200 A range: 0 A

0.8 s

Input waveform

→ 180 A (45 Hz)

0.2 s

→ 180 A (10 Hz)

OUT 1: REC output waveform

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9

Applicable Measurement Modes

200 A

100 A

AC+DC mode 200 A range: 0 A

8 s

→ 180 A (1 Hz)

Page 100

5.3 Measurement Response Time

Output Response Waveform (Falling Edge)

FAST

Input waveform

OUT 1: REC output waveform

AC mode 200 A range: 200 A → 20 A (45 Hz)

0.2 s

NORMAL

Input waveform

OUT 1: REC output waveform

SLOW

AC mode 200 A range: 200 A

Input waveform

AC+DC mode 200 A range: 200 A → 20 A (1 Hz)

8 s

→ 20 A (10 Hz)

0.8 s

OUT 1: REC output waveform

Hioki 3290-10 Instruction Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Introduction

Checking the Contents of the Package

Safety Note s

Usage Notes

1.1 Product Overview

Overview

1.2 Features

1.3 Identification of Controls and Indicators

1.3.1 Model 3290-10 CLAMP ON AC/DC HiTESTER

1.4 Buttons Operations

1.5 Measurement Modes

1.6 Quick References

Measurement Preparations

2.1 Attaching the Strap

2.2 Connecting Power

2.2.1 Installing/ Changing the Batteries

2.2.2 Connecting the AC Adapter (Optional)

2.2.3 Using External Power

2.3 Connecting the CLAMP ON AC/DC SENSOR

2.4 Connecting the Output Cords (Optional)

2.5 Turning Power On and Off

Basic Measurement Procedure

3.1 Measuring DC Current

3.2 Measuring AC Current

3.3 DC Integration

3.4 AC Integration by Timer

3.5 Outputting Integral Values

3.6 Measuring Duty by Timer

4.1 Verifications Before Measuring

Measurement Procedure

4.2 Selecting the Measurement Parameter

4.3 Measuring Current

4.4 Measuring Peak Current

4.5 Current Integration

4.6 Measuring Duty

5.1 Auto Zero Adjustment Function

Applicable Measurement Modes

5.2 Display Update Rate

5.3 Measurement Response Time