Hioki 3286 Instruction Manual

POWER HiTESTER

CLAMP ON

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

3286

Contents

Introduction i
Shipping Check

ii

Safety

iii

Attentions During Use

vii

Organization of This Manual

xii

Chapter 1 Product Outline

1

1.1 Product Outline 1

1.2 Features

2

1.3 Parts and Functions

3

1.4 Flowchart of Key Operations

9

1.4.1 Current Measurements Mode 9

1.4.2 Harmonic Measurement

11

1.4.3 Change the Range

11

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure 13

2.1 Preparations 13

2.2 Connections

14

2.3 Range Setup

20

2.4 Power Measurement

21

2.4.1 1φφφφ P Meter, 1φφφφ PF Meter and 3φφφφ PF Meter 22

2.4.2 Power and Power Factor

25

2.4.3 Phase Detection

27

2.4.4 Current

28

2.4.5 Voltage

29

2.5 Harmonic Measurement 30

2.5.1 Current Harmonics 30

2.5.2 Voltage Harmonics

32

2.6 Data Hold Function HOLD 33

2.7 SLOW Mode 33

2.8 Recording Function

REC

33

2.9 SETUP Function

35

2.10 Measurement Condition Save Function

36

2.11 Auto Power-Off Function

APS 37

2.12 Battery Low Warning

37

2.13 Beep Tone

37

2.14 DATA OUTPUT

38

Chapter 3 Specifications 39

3.1 Measurement Specifications
(23

5 , 80% RH max.) 39

3.1.1 AC Current Measurement Specifications 39

3.1.2 AC Voltage Measurement Specifications

40

3.1.3 Specifications of Single-phase Power
Measurement 1φφφφ PMeter

41

3.1.4 Specifications of Power Factor

and Phase Angle Measurements
1φφφφ PF Meter and 3φφφφ PF Meter

42

3.1.5 Specifications of Balanced Three-phase

Power Measurements

43

3.1.6 Specifications of Frequency Measurement

44

3.1.7 Specifications of Harmonic Measurement

44

3.2 General Specifications 45

3.3 Operation Expressions

48

Chapter 4 Battery Replacement 51
Chapter 5 Attaching The Hand Strap

53

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

55

Chapter 7 Service

57

i

Introduction

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing this HIOKI "3286
CLAMP ON POWER HiTESTER." To get the
maximum performance from the product, please read
this manual first, a nd keep this at hand.

Importance

This product is the clamp on power meter which
keeps measurement function of the multiple
functions. If you set up a function mode in
advance, the mode will start up from the next use.
Have it set up for the preferable use. (Refer to "2.10
Measurement Condition Save Function)

Request

We have tried to bring this manual as close to
perfection as we could achieve. If perchance you
find any unclear portions, mistakes, omissions, or
the like, we would be most obliged if you could
please notify us of them via any HIOKI agent, or
directly.

ii

Shipping Check

Shipping Check

When you receive the product, inspect it carefully to
ensure that no damage occurred during shipping. In
particular, check the accessories, panel switches, a nd
connectors.
If damage is evident, or if it fails to operate
according to the specifications, contact your dealer
or HIOKI representative.

Check the 3286 Unit and the Supplied
Accessories

Main unit

3286 CLAMP ON POWER HiTESTER

Supplied accessories

9355 Carrying Case 1
9635 Voltage cord 1
Hand Strap 1
Battery 6LF22 alkaline battery 1
Instruction manual 1

Options

9636 RS-232C CABLE
9636-01 RS-232C PACKAGE
9442 PRINTER (DPU-414, Seiko Instrument Inc.)

iii

Safety

DANGER

This equipment is designed according to IEC
61010 Safety Standards, and has been tested for
safety prior to shipment. Incorrect measurement
procedures could result in injury or death, as
well as damage to the equipment. Please read
this manual carefully and be sure that you
understand its contents before using the
equipment. The manufacturer disclaims all
responsibility for any accident or injury except
that resulting due to defect in its product.

Safety

This manual contains information and warnings
essential for safe operation of the product and for
maintaining it in safe operating condition. Before
using the product, be sure to carefully read the
following safety notes.

iv

Safety

DANGER

Indicates that incorrect operation
presents extreme danger of accident
resulting in death or serious injury to the
user.

WARNING

Indicates that incorrect operation
presents significant danger of accident
resulting in death or serious injury to the
user.

CAUTION

Indicates that incorrect operation
presents possibility of injury to the user
or damage to the equipment.

NOTE

Denotes items of advice related to
performance of the equipment or to its
correct operation.

The symbol printed on the product
indicates that the user should refer to a
corresponding topic in the manual (marked
with the symbol) before using the
relevant function. In the manual, the
symbol indicates particularly important
information that the user should read
before using the product.

Indicates AC (Alternating Current).
Indicates DC (Direct Current).
Indicates a device which is double-

insulated.

The following symbols in this manual indicate the
relative importance of cautions and warnings.

Safety Symbols

v

Safety

We define measurement tolerances in terms of rdg.
(reading) and dgt. (digit) values, with the following
meanings:

rdg. (reading or displayed value)

The value currently being measured and indicated
on the measuring product.

dgt. (resolution)

The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring
product, i.e., the input value that causes the digital
display to show a "1".

Overvoltage Categories

To ensure safe use of measurement, IEC 60664
establishes safety level standards for different
locations, classified as CAT I through CAT IV, and
called overvoltage categories. These are defined as
follows.
CAT I: Secondary electrical circuits that are

connected to a wall outlet through a
transformer or similar device.

CAT II: Primary electrical circuits in equipment

connected to a wall outlet via a power
cord (portable tools, household appliances,
etc.)

CAT III: Primary electrical circuits of heavy

equipment (fixed installations) connected
directly to the distribution panel, and
feeders between the distribution panel and
outlets.

CAT IV: The circuit from the service drop to the

service entrance, then to the power meter
and to the primary overcurrent protection
device.

vi

Safety

Higher-numbered categories correspond to electrical
environments with greater momentary energy, so a
measurement device designed for CAT III
environments can endure greater momentary energy
than a device designed for CAT II. Use of a lower
category product in a higher category environment
could result in a severe accident and must be
carefully avoided.

vii

Attentions During Use

DANGER

To avoid short circuits and potentially life­threatening hazards, never attach the clamp to a
circuit that operates at more than the maximum
rated voltage / 600V, or over bare conductors.

Clamp-on probe should only be connected to
the secondary side of a breaker, so the breaker
can prevent an accident if a short circuit occurs.
Connections should never be made to the
primary side of a breaker, because unrestricted
current flow could cause a serious accident if a
short circuit occurs.

WARNING

To avoid electric shock, do not allow the
product to get wet, and do not use it when your
hands are wet.

To avoid electric shock when measuring live
lines, wear appropriate protective gear, such as
insulated rubber gloves, boots and a safety
helmet.

Attentions During Use

Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation
and to obtain the full benefits of the various
functions.

viii

Attentions During Use

WARNING

The clamp sensor and voltage cord should be
connected to live lines after being connected to
the unit. To prevent short-circuiting and electric
shock, observe the following precautions:
Do not short-circuit the two wires of a line with
the clip of the voltage cord. Do not use the
clamp sensor on bare conductors.

To avoid electric shock when replacing the
battery, first disconnect the voltage cable or
clamp from the object to be measured. After
replacing the battery, always replace the cover
and tighten the screw before using the unit.

When replacing the battery, be sure to insert
them with the correct polarity. Otherwise, poor
performance or damage from battery leakage
could result. Replace battery only with the
specified type.

To avoid the possibility of explosion, do not
short circuit, disassemble or incinerate
batteries.

Handle and dispose of batteries in accordance
with local regulations.

ix

Attentions During Use

CAUTION

Avoid stepping on or pinching the cable, which

could damage the cable insulation.

Keep the cables well away from heat sources, as
bare conductors could be exposed if the insulation
melts.

If the protective functions of the product are
damaged, either remove it from service or mark it
clearly so that others do not use it inadvertently.

Do not exceed the maximum input current rating,
which depends on the frequency of the current
being measured. Be careful about the evolution of
heat, when the input frequency is high.

2500
2000
1500
1000

500

0

10 100 1k 10k 100k

Frequency [Hz]

Current
(ACA)

x

Attentions During Use

CAUTION

Do not store or use the product where it could be
exposed to direct sunlight, high temperature or
humidity, or condensation. Under such conditions,
the product may be damaged and insulation may
deteriorate so that it no longer meets specifications.

The product is a precision instrument: do not clamp
any foreign objects in the end of the clamp core, or
insert anything in the core gap.

To avoid damage to the product, protect it from
vibration or shock during transport and handling,
and be especially careful to avoid dropping. Do not
exert excessive pressure on the clamp sensor or
attempt to wedge the sensor into a tight spot for
measurement.

Measurements are degraded by dirt on the mating
surfaces of the clamp-on sensor, so keep the
surfaces clean by gently wiping with a soft cloth.

Before using the product the first time, verify that it
operates normally to ensure that the no damage
occurred during storage or shipping. If you find any
damage, contact your dealer or HIOKI
representative.

This product is designed for indoor use, and
operates reliably from 0

to 40 .

This product is not designed to be entirely water- or
dust-proof. To avoid damage, do not use it in a
wet or dusty environment.

Adjustments and repairs should be made only by
technically qualified personnel.

xi

Attentions During Use

CAUTION

Do not use the product if the battery is exhausted

(when the

mark lights in the display area). Be sure

to replace the exhausted battery with a new one.

When replacing the battery, make sure that the
metal battery snap fitting is firmly connected. If the
metal fitting is loose, adjust it and recheck the
connection.

To avoid corrosion from battery leakage, remove the
batteries from the product if it is to be stored for a
long time.

NOTE

Before using the product, make sure that the
insulation on the voltage cable and probes is
undamaged and that no bare conductors are
improperly exposed. Using the product in such
conditions could cause an electric shock. Replace
the test leads and probes with the specified HIOKI
Model 9635.

Accurate measurement may be impossible in the
presence of strong magnetic fields, such as near
transformers and high-current conductors, or in the
presence of strong electromagnetic fields such as
near radio transmitters.

To clean the product, wipe it gently with a soft
cloth moistened with water or mild detergent.
Never use solvents such as benzene, alcohol,
acetone, ether, ketones, thinners or gasoline, as they
can deform and discolor the case.

xii

Organization of This Manual

Organization of This Manual

Chapter 1
Product Outline

Explains the parts and functions of the unit.

Chapter 2
Measurement Procedure

Explains how to use the 3286 for measurement.

Chapter 3
Specifications

Lists the specifications of the 3286 CLAMP ON
AC/DC HiTESTER.

Chapter 4
Battery Replacement

Explains how to replace the battery used to power
the 3286.

Chapter 5
Attaching the Hand Strap

Explains how to attach the hand strap, for easy
handling of the unit in the field.

Chapter 6
Troubleshooting

Describes how to check before requesting service.

Chapter 7
Service

Explains how to get the unit serviced.

1

Chapter 1 Product Outline

Chapter 1

Product Outline

1.1 Product Outline

The "3286 CLAMP ON POWER HiTESTER" is
designed to provide multiple functions by adopting
a single-chip microcomputer. At any desired point
of a single-phase circuit or three-phase circuit, this
unit enables the measurement of voltage, current,
power, power factor, phase angle, reactive power or
frequency, and the detection of phase sequence on
live lines.
When this unit is connected to the 9442 printer
(DPU-414, Seiko Instrument Inc.) by a 9636 RS­232C cable (both purchased separately), the
products DATA OUTPUT function can be used to
output data to the printer.

2

Chapter 1 Product Outline

1.2 Features

A multi-function microcomputer

The built-in microcomputer offers various functions
in a compact form.

Display of true rms values

The true rms value conversion circuit allows
accurate measurement of currents with distorted
waveforms.

Enables power measurement

When both current and voltage are input
simultaneously, the power factor, phase angle,
reactive factor, as well as power can be measured,
and phase detected.

Enables harmonic measurement

Higher harmonics of current and voltage up to the
20th order can be measured. Moreover, overall
harmonic distortion factors and content can be
displayed.

DATA OUTPUT function

Data can be output when the unit is directly
connected to a printer. This function requires the
optional 9442 printer (DPU-414, Seiko Instrument
Inc.) and 9636 RS-232C cable.

3

Chapter 1 Product Outline

Top and Side View

1
2
3
4

5
6

9
8

13

14

10

11

15

16

12

7
17

1.3 Parts and Functions

4

Chapter 1 Product Outline

1.

POWER

Used to turn power on/off

2.

Watt

key

Used to select the display of active power, apparent
power, or power factor for the 1φ P meter.
Used to select the display of power factor, phase
difference, or reactive factor for the 1φ PF meter.
Used to select the display of active power, apparent
power, power factor, phase difference, or reactive
factor for the 3φ PF meter.

3.

RANGE

key

Displays the current and voltage ranges, and enables
the setting of these ranges. (The

U/

and

I/

keys are used to set these ranges.)

4.

HOLD

key

Holds the indicated value.
Used for the measurement condition save function.
Holding down the

HOLD

key when powering off:
The measurement conditions are saved to the
internal memory when powering off. The
measurement conditions are automatically restored
when powering on.

Holding down the

HOLD

key when powering on:
Measurement conditions are reset to the initial
values.

5.

LINE/HARM

key

Cycles through single-phase power measurement,
three-phase power measurement, current harmonic
measurement, and voltage harmonic measurement.

5

Chapter 1 Product Outline

6.

U/

(RANGE) key

Selects voltage display mode. Pressing this key in
voltage display mode resets the peak-hold value.
Switches MAX/MIN display of effective value and
peak value during REC.
Enables the setting of a voltage range in range setup
mode.
Lowers the order in harmonic display mode.

7.

I/

(RANGE) key

Selects current display mode. Pressing this key in
current display mode resets the peak-hold value.
Switches MAX/MIN display of effective value and
peak value during REC.
Enables the setting of a current range in range setup
mode.
Raises the order in harmonic display mode.

8.

MAX/MIN

(SET2) key

Switches the REC function on and off.

9.

MODE

(SET1) key

Pressing this key in power display mode switches
between current/voltage display and reactive power
display.
Pressing this key during harmonic measurement
switches between overall harmonic distortion factor
display (THD-R, THD-F) and harmonic content
display.
Pressing this key during REC lets you to check the
elapsed time and remaining battery capacity.
Used to start SETUP. (The unit is powered on with
the

SET1

key held down.)

6

Chapter 1 Product Outline

10. Clamp sensor

To measure current, open the top ends of the clamp
sensor by gripping the lever 11. Then position the
conductor to be measured at the center of the clamp
sensor and firmly close the clamp sensor.

11. Lever

Used to open and close the clamp sensor.

12. Current direction mark

When measuring power, clamp the conductor with
the arrow facing the load side.

13. Data Output terminal

Connected to the optional 9636 RS-232C cable to
provide output.

14. Voltage measurement terminal

Connected to the 9635 test lead (red and black,
supplied with the unit) to measure voltage and
harmonic.

15. Back case

To replace the battery, remove the two screws.

16. Hand strap

Attach to get a better grip on the unit.

7

Chapter 1 Product Outline

Display 1

Display 2 Display 3

17. Display (LCD)

Alternating Current (AC)

cosφφφφ Power factor
sinφφφφ Reactive factor

HOLD

Data hold function

DATA

Data output

RST Three-Phase

Reverse phase
Normal phase

Missing phase

APS

Auto power off function

S Slow
REC Record function
LEAD Lead phase
LAG Lag phase

Battery low warning

Phase angle (deg.)

A Current
PEAK Wave peak value

8

Chapter 1 Product Outline

W Active power
VA Apparent power
V Voltage
MAX Maximum value
MIN Minimum value

% Harmonic percentage
%THD Total harmonic distortion ratio
Hz Frequency

var (reactive power)

Total harmonic distortion ratio-F

(A distortion rate against the basic wave.)

Total harmonic distortion ratio-R

(A distortion rate toward the actual
effective value.)

9

Chapter 1 Product Outline

LINE/HARM key

Watt key

COSφ

U, I

P

U, I

S

U, I

1φ Pmeter

SINφ

U, I

COSφ

U, I

φ

U, I

1φ PF meter

COSφ

U, I

P

U, I

S

U, I

3φ PF meter

SINφ

U, I

φ

U, I

MODE key
(P,S only)

P

U, I

P

vAr, Q

S

U, I

S

vAr, Q

I/ key

I

Ipeak, IHz

(Return to the power indication

w

ith the Watt key)

U/ key

U

Upeak, UHz

MAX/MIN key

REC ON REC OFF

A point of view: This shows the way of changing on Display 1 to 3.

Display 1

Display 2, Display 3

1φ P
or
1φ PF

3φ
PF

1φ
HARM I

1φ
HARM U

(Return to the power indication

w

ith the Watt key)

1.4 Flowchart of Key Operations

1.4.1 Current Measurements Mode

10

Chapter 1 Product Outline

REC ON

Watt key

MODE key

I/

key

U/

key

P

MAX, MIN

S

MAX, MIN

I

MAX, MIN

Ipeak

MAX, MIN

U

MAX, MIN

Upeak

MAX, MIN

(Return to the
power
indication with
the Watt key)

MAX/MIN
display

Elapsed time
display

Remaining
battery
capacity display

(Return to the
power
indication with
the Watt key)

11

Chapter 1 Product Outline

LINE/HARM key

MODE key

I/

key

U/

key

1φ P
or
1φ PF

3φ
PF

1φ
HARM I

1φ
HARM U

THD-R

THD-F Content

1st order 2nd-order ---- 20thorder

20th order 19th-order ---- 1storder

Measurement
value indication

RANGE key

RANGE indication

I/ key

U/

key

RANGE
indication

AUTOrange 150Vrange 300Vrange 600Vrange

AUTOrange 200Arange 1000Arange

1.4.2 Harmonic Measurement

1.4.3 ChangetheRange

12

Chapter 1 Product Outline

13

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

Fresh battery

Battery capacity 50%
Battery capacity 0

Beep tone sounds 3 times

Chapter 2

Measurement

Procedure

2.1 Preparations

1. Remove the rear cover and insert a battery. (Refer to
"Chapter4 Battery Replacement".)

2. Press

POWER

to turn the unit on. Verify that all
segments of the display light up briefly. The model
name then appears on Display 1 and battery state on
Display 3.

3. The measuring state of the 1φ P meter or 1φ PF

meter is activated. (The unit was shipped from the
factory with the 1φ P meter selected. For details,
see 2.9, "SETUP Function.")

[Low battery voltage detection function]

After the

mark lights and battery voltage drops
below a certain level, the power goes off
automatically. When this occurs, " "is
displayed.
When power goes off after display of these marks,
replace the exhausted battery with a new one.

14

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

WARNING

Due to the risk of electric shock, connect the
yellow cord not used for measurement to the
part to which the black cord connects to prevent
the clip from accidentally touching anyone.

NOTE

2.2 Connections

[To initialize the saved contents]

Holding down the

RANGE

key when powering on
initializes all the saved contents. (SETUP Function,
measurement condition save Function)

Before conducting measurement, check the
connections.

Be sure to connect the power clip to the part

bearing the exposure voltage.

15

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

Red

Yellow

Black

Load

Power supply side

Figure 1.

Power Measurement on Sin

g

le-Phase Two-Wire Circuit

[Single-Phase Two-Wire Circuit]

16

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

1

N

2

Power supply side

Load

Red

Yellow

Black

Red

Black

Yellow

Figure 2. Power and power factor Measurement

on Sin

g

le-Phase Three-Wire Circuit

[Single-Phase Three-Wire Circuit]

The power and power factor of a single-phase three­wire circuit are measured similar to measurement on
a single-phase two-wire circuit. Connect the black
cord to the neutral wire as shown in Figure 2, then
switch the red cord and clamp sensor to the
respective wires. In this way, the power and power
factor between the wires can be measured.

17

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

1

2

3

Power supply side

Load

Red

Yellow

Black

Figure 3. Power and power factor measurement

on Three-Phase Three-Wire Circuit

1

2

3

1φP, P

1

1φP, P

2

Power supply side

Load

Red

Yellow

Black

Red

Black

Yellow

Three-phase effective power P=P1+P

2

Figure 4. Another method of the power measurement

on Three-Phase Three-Wire Circuit

[Three-Phase Four-Wire Circuit]

Use another method of the power measurement of
the figure 4 for the distortion wave.

18

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

1

N

2

3

Red

Yellow

Black

Red

Yellow

Black

Yellow

Black

Red

Power supply side

Load

Figure 5. Power and power factor measurement

on Three-Phase Four-Wire Circuit

[Three-Phase Four-Wire Circuit]

The power and power factor of a three-phase four­wire circuit are measured similar to measurement on
a three-phase three-wire circuit (provided the load is
balanced). No neutral wire is used for this
measurement, however.
In case of unbalanced load, measurement is
conducted similar to measurement on a single-phase
two-wire circuit. Set the unit in single-phase
measurement mode.
Connect the black cord to the neutral wire as shown
in Figure 5, then switch the red cord and clamp
sensor to the respective wires. In this way, the
power and power factor between the wires can be
measured.
(To use the phase sequence detection function,
connect the voltage cords to the three wires,
excluding the neutral wire, for measurement.)

19

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

Power supply side

Load

Figure 6. Current measurement

Red

Yellow

Black

Load

Power supply side

Figure 7. Voltage measurement

[Current measurement]

When only measuring current, the orientation of the
clamp sensor is irrelevant. Moreover, the voltage
cord need not be connected to the unit.

[Voltage measurement]

When only measuring voltage, the clamp sensor
need not be clamped.

20

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

I/ key

U/

key

AUTOrange 150Vrange 300Vrange 600Vrange

AUTOrange 200Arange 1000Arange

Table 1.
Range Composition for Single-Phase Power Measurement

U Voltage range

I 150.0V 300.0V 600V

Current

range

200.0A 30.00k 60.00k 120.0k
1000A 150.0k 300.0k 600.0k

Unit [W] or [VA] or [var]

2.3 Range Setup

1. Press the

RANGE

key. The voltage range then

appears on Display 2 and current range on Display

3. In this condition, Display 2 and Display 3
should be blinking.

2. To change the voltage range, press the

U/

key.

To change the current range, press the

I/

key.
The power range varies with the combination of
voltage and current ranges as listed in Tables 1 an d

2.

21

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

Table 2.
Range Composition for Three-Phase Power Measurement

U Voltage range

I 150.0V 300.0V 600V

Current

range

200.0A 60.00k 60.00k

120.0k

240.0k

1000A 300.0k 600.0k 600.0k

1200k

Unit [W] or [VA] or [var]

NOTE

2.4 Power Measurement

3. After changing the range, press the

RANGE

key.
Display 2 and Display 3 then restore the measured
values.

Accurate measurement may be impossible i n
locations subject to strong external magnetic fields,
such as transformers and high-current conductors, or
in locations subject to strong external electric fields,
such as radio transmission equipment.

Make sure that only one conductor is clamped in
the center of the clamp sensor. If you clamp single­phase (2-wire) or three-phase (3-wire) lines together,
it will be impossible to measure.

22

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

U

I

φ

t

2.4.1 1

φφφφ

P Meter, 1

φφφφ

PF Meter and 3

φφφφ

PF Meter

[1φ PMeter]

Displays active power P once about every second
(once about every three seconds in SLOW mode).
The meter calculates apparent power S, reactive
power Q, and power factor COS φ from active
power P, voltage U, and current I. (See 3.3,
"Operation Expressions.")

[1φ PF Meter and 3φ PF Meter]

The phase angle is measured at the zero-cross point
of voltage U and current I as shown below. The
meter calculates three-phase active power P, three­phase apparent power S, three-phase reactive power
Q, and reactive factor SIN φ, and power factor COS
φ from the phase angle φ, voltage U, and current I.
(See 3.3, "Operation Expressions.")
For an inverter or thyristor with distorted input
waveforms, or waveforms with noise superimposed,
the meters may not display accurate values or even
be able to measure at all.
Three-phase active power P is calculated on the 3φ
PF meter under balanced load conditi ons. Accurate
measurements cannot be conducted under an
unbalanced load.

23

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

Sample Measurements

I U 1φ P Meter λ 1φ PF Meter λ

1.000 1.000

*

0.847 0.750

* Distorted waveforms with crest factor of 1.9.

[Difference in λ between 1φ P Meter and 1φ PF Meter]

For distorted waveforms, the value of power factor λ
may differ between the 1φ P meter and 1φ PF meter.

The difference is due to the fact that the 1φ P
meter calculates λ from active power and apparent
power, while the 1φ PF meter assumes a sine wave
and calculates λ from the phase angles of the
voltage waveform and current waveform of that sine
wave. Therefore, phase-angle measurement serves
as the basis for the 1φ PF meter. Distorted
waveforms and those with noise superimposed may
prevent the meter from measuring power factors
accurately or even at all. Therefore, use λ of the 1φ
P meter for distorted waveforms.

Power factor λ of the 3φ PF meter is also obtained
from the phase angles of voltage waveform and
current waveform of an assumed sine wave.
Therefore, accurate measurements may also not be
conducted with distorted waveforms or those with
noise superimposed. The following example shows
the measurement of power factor λ from power
values on a three-phase ci rcuit.

24

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

1

(R)

2

(S)

3

(T)

1φP, P

1

1φP, P

2

Three-phase effective power P=P1+P

2

Power supply side

Load

Red

Yellow

Black

Red

Black

Yellow

Measurement example

P(1φ P) S(1φ P)

R -0. 54 k W 2.61 kVA

T 1.98 kW 2.57 kVA

Three-phase effective power

P=P1+P2=-0.54+1.98=1.44 kW

Three-phase apparent power

S=(

)/2 (2.61+2.57)=4.49 kVA

Power factor

λ=P/S=1.44/4.49=0.321

25

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

Table 3. Items Displayed (Marked OK) and Not Displayed (-)

1φ P 1φ PF 3φ PF

Current I OK OK OK
Voltage U OK OK OK
Effective power P OK - OK
Apparent power S OK - OK
Reactive power Q OK - OK
Power factor λ (COSφ) OK OK OK
Phase angle φ - OK OK
Reactive factor SINφ - OK OK

WARNING

Due to the risk of electric shock, connect the
yellow cord not used for measurement to the
part to which the black cord connects to prevent
the clip from accidentally touching anyone.

1φ P
or
1φ PF

3φ
PF

1φ
HARM I

1φ
HARM U

2.4.2 Power and Power Factor

1. Press the

LINE/HARM

key to select the 1φ P meter,
1φ PF meter, or 3φ PF meter (RST goes on). (For
switching between the 1φ P meter and 1φ PF meter,
see 2.9, "SETUP Function.")

26

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

COSφ

U, I

P

U, I

S

U, I

1φ P

SINφ

U, I

COSφ

U, I

φ

U, I

1φ PF

COSφ

U, I

P

U, I

S

U, I

3φ PF

SINφ

U, I

φ

U, I

2. Connect the voltage cord to the unit, then connect
the red cord, black cord, and yellow cord to the
circuit under measurement according to prescribed
connections. For a three-phase circuit, the unit will
display the results of phase detection as follows:
Normal phase
Reverse phase
Missing phase

3. Open the tip of the clamp core and clamp the
conductor (on the side to which the red voltage cord
is connected) roughly into the center of the clamp
core, then conduct measurement. In this operation,
clamp the conductor in such an orientation that the
arrow mark on the clamp sensor surface points to
the load side from the power supply side.

4. Select active power, apparent power, power factor,
phase angle, or reactive factor with the

Watt

key.

Note that the 1φ P meter does not display phase
angle and reactive factor. The 1φ PF meter does not
display active power and apparent power.

27

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

P

U, I

P

vAr, Q

S

U, I

S

vAr, Q

NOTE

NOTE

2.4.3 Phase Detection

5. Pressing the

MODE

key in active power or
apparent power display mode indicates reactive
power. Pressing the

MODE

key again restores the

current and voltage display.

6. Switch between Auto Range and Manual Range, as
needed. For details, see 2.3, "Range Setup."

The 3φ PF meter calculates P, Q and S under a

balanced load.

The 3φ PF meter c annot provide accurate

measurement results under an unbalanced load.

For a missing phase, the unit will not display any

measured value. ("----" will be displayed.)

If the arrow mark on the surface of the clamp
sensor points to the power supply side from the load
side, the phase will be shifted by 180 degrees, thus
disabling measurement. ("----" will be displayed.)

Press the

LINE/HARM

key to select the 3φ PF

meter (RST goes on). Before starting measurement,
check the connections. (See 2.2, "Connections.")
In a three-phase measurement, the unit will display
phase detection results as follows:
Normal phase
Reverse phase
Missing phase

If a load is connected to the electrical line while a
phase is missing on the power supply side, voltage
coming back from the load to the tester may cause
normal or reverse phase to be displayed even though
a phase is missing.

28

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

NOTE

2.4.4 Current

1. Press the

I/

key to activate current display mode.

In current display mode, the unit will indicate an
effective value on Display 1, peak hold value on
Display 2, and frequency on Display 3.

2. Switch between Auto Range and Manual Range, as
needed. For details, see 2.3, "Range Setup."

3. Open the tip of the clamp core and clamp the
conductor roughly into the center of the clamp core.

4. Pressing the

I/

key in current display mode resets

the peak hold value.

Be sure to clamp one conductor only. Measurement
is not possible for single phase or three phases when
two or three conductors are respectively clamped at
the same time.

When only measuring current, there is no need to
connect the voltage cord.

Select the 1φ P meter, 1φ PF meter, or 3φ PF meter.

The unit does not display polarities in a peak
measurement.

The peak hold value will not vary, unless a large
value is entered in the unit. If the auto power-off
function is effective, the unit will be shut down in
about ten minutes, causing the data to be lost. (See

2.11, "Auto Power-Off Function.") One way to
prevent data from being lost is to disable the auto
power-off function (see 2.9, "SETUP Function") or
to use the recording function.

For measurement extending the auto power-off time,
use the recording function.

To check variations in a peak value, enable the
REC function by pressing the

MAX/MIN

key, then

activate peak value display mode by pressing the

I/

key.

29

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

NOTE

NOTE

2.4.5 Voltage

Automatic frequency detection (AUTO), 50 Hz
fixed, or 60 Hz fixed can be selected. In cases
where the input fluctuates significantly, the
indicated value will stabilize when 50 Hz or 60 Hz
fixed is selected. For how to select, see the setup of
measurement line frequency in SETUP mode. (For
details, see 2.9, "SETUP Function.")

There is a possibility to fluctuate 2 or 20 counts at
the peak value display when the input becomes big.

1. Press the

U/

key to activate voltage display
mode. In voltage display mode, an effective value
appears on Display 1, peak-hold value on Display 2,
and frequency on Display 3.

2. Connect the voltage cord to the unit, then connect
the red cord, yellow cord, and black cord to the
circuit under measurement.

3. Switch between Auto Range and Manual Range, as
needed. For details, see 2.3, "Range Setup."

4. Pressing the

U/

key in voltage display mode

resets the peak-hold value.

Select the 1φ P meter, 1φ PF meter, or 3φ PF meter.
The unit does not display polarities in a peak

measurement.

The peak hold value will not vary, unless a large
value is entered in the unit. If the auto power-off
function is effective, the unit will be shut down in
about ten minutes, causing the data to be lost.
(See 2.11, "Auto Power-Off Function.") One way to
prevent data from being lost is to disable the auto
power-off function (see 2.9, "SETUP Function") or
to use the recording function.

30

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

NOTE

1φ P
or
1φ PF

3φ
PF

1φ
HARM I

1φ
HARM U

I/

key

U/

key

1st order 2nd order ---- 20thorder

20th order 19th order ---- 1storder

2.5 Harmonic Measurement

2.5.1 Current Harmonics

For measurement extending the auto power-off time,

use the recording function.

To check variations in a peak value, enable the

REC function by pressing the

MAX/MIN

key, then

activate peak value display mode by pressing the

I/

key.

Automatic frequency detection (AUTO), 50 Hz
fixed, or 60 Hz fixed can be selected. In cases
where the input fluctuates significantly, the
indicated value will stabilize when 50 Hz or 60 Hz
fixed is selected. For how to select, see the setup of
measurement line frequency in SETUP mode. (For
details, see 2.9, "SETUP Function.")

There is a possibility to fluctuate 2 or 20 counts at
the peak value display when the input becomes big.

1. Press the

LINE/HARM

key to activate harmonic

current display mode.

2. Switch between Auto Range and Manual Range, as
needed. For details, see 2.3, "Range Setup."

3. Open the tip of the clamp core and clamp the
conductor roughly into the center of the clamp core.

4. Press the

I/

and

U/

keys to select the order of

harmonics to be measured.

31

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

MODE

key

THD-R

THD-F Content

NOTE

5. Switch between the total harmonic distortion ratio
(THD-R, THD-F) and harmonic percentage from
one to another, as needed, by pressing the

MODE

key.

Be sure to clamp one conductor only. Measurement
is not possible for single phase or three phases when
two or three conductors are respectively clamped at
the same time.

Automatic frequency detection (AUTO), 50 Hz
fixed, or 60 Hz fixed can be selected. In cases
where the input fluctuates significantly, the
indicated value will stabilize when 50 Hz or 60 Hz
fixed is selected. For how to select, see the setup of
measurement line frequency in SETUP mode. (For
details, see 2.9, "SETUP Function.")

For automatic frequency detection, the unit
performs FFT operations only when the fundamental
wave is covered within the 45 to 65 Hz range. The
unit does not perform FFT operations outside this
range.

32

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

1φ P
or
1φ PF

3φ
PF

1φ
HARM I

1φ
HARM U

I/

key

U/

key

1st order 2nd order ---- 20thorder

20th order 19th order ---- 1storder

MODE

key

THD-R

THD-F Content

NOTE

2.5.2 Voltage Harmonics

1. Press the

LINE/HARM

key to activate harmonic

voltage display mode.

2. Connect the voltage cord to the unit, then connect
the red cord a nd black cord to the circuit under
measurement.

3. Switch between Auto Range and Manual Range, as
needed. For details, see 2.3, "Range Setup."

4. Press the

I/

and

U/

keys to select the order of

harmonics to be measured.

5. Switch between the total harmonic distortion ratio
(THD-R, THD-F) and harmonic percentage, as
needed, by pressing the

MODE

key.

Automatic frequency detection (AUTO), 50 Hz
fixed, or 60 Hz fixed can be selected. In cases
where the input fluctuates significantly, the
indicated value will stabilize when 50 Hz or 60 Hz
fixed is selected. For how to select, see the setup of
measurement line frequency in SETUP mode. (For
details, see 2.9, "SETUP Function.")

For automatic frequency detection, the unit
performs FFT operations only when the fundamental
wave is covered within the 45 to 65 Hz range. The
unit does not perform FFT operations outside this
range.

33

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

NOTE

2.6 Data Hold Function HOLD

2.7 SLOW Mode

2.8 Recording Function REC

This function freezes the counter at any desired
point for easy reading.
Press the

HOLD

key.

HOLD

annunciator lights on
the display and the digital display value is
maintained.
The data hold function is available for all
measurements.
To cancel the data hold function, press the

HOLD

key again.

If an indicated value fluctuates rapidly and is
difficult to read, you can select a slower display
update rate (about once every three seconds) to
make it easier to read the indicated value. Set
SLOW display by setting DISP in SETUP mode.
(See 2.9, "SETUP Function.")

SLOW mode is not available for harmonic

measurements.

The recording function can be used to display the
maximum value, the minimum value or the present
measured value.

1. REC annu nciator will blink when you press the

MAX/MIN

key during a current or a voltage
measurement. This function will have stored the
measured data in the internal memory since the key
is pressed.

2. The auto power-off function is automatically
disabled. (

APS

annunciator is tu ned off.)

34

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

MAX/MIN
display

Elapsed time
display

Remaining
battery
capacity display

NOTE

Items Displayed (Marked OK) and Not Displayed (-)

1φ P 1φ PF 3φ PF
Current I OK OK OK
Current peak value

Ipeak

OK OK OK

Voltage U OK OK OK
Voltage peak value

Upeak

OK OK OK

Effective power P OK - OK
Apparent power S OK - OK

3. Pressing the

MODE

key while using the recording
function lets you check the elapsed time and
remaining battery capacity.

In elapsed time display, the unit indicates hours on
Display 2 and minutes on Display 3.
When elapsed time is displayed with MAX or MIN
blinking, a negative value is denoted.

4. The

HOLD

key will suspend the recording

function.

HOLD

annunciator lights and REC

annunciator stops blinking.
While

HOLD

is shown, the elapsed time is not

increasing. By pressing the

HOLD

key once more,

HOLD

annunciator is off and the recording function

resumes.

5. To reset the recording data during the recording
function, press the

MAX/MIN

key.

When starting the recording function (REC)inan

auto range, the range is set as the recording function
is activated.

35

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

Display 1

Item No.

Display 2

Item Name

Display 3

Setting

Initial

Value

2.9 SETUP Function

The settings for this unit are made in SETUP mode.
In SETUP mode, you can make settings for
measurements, display, and ancillary functions.

1. Hold down the

SET1

keywhilepoweringonthe

unit by pressing the

POWER

key. This activates

SETUP mode.

2. Select a setting item. The

MODE

key increments

the item No.; the

MAX/MIN

key decrements the

item No.

3. The settings can be modified using the

U/

key or

I/

key.

4. Pressing the

HOLD

key twice in succession restores

the initial values for the setting items.

5. At unit power-off, " " (SAVE END)
appears and the settings are saved.

6. Details of Settings

(1) Setup of single-phase power meter system

Item No. 1-01
ON Sets 1φ PF meter.

OFF Sets 1φ P meter.

36

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

2.10 Measurement Condition Save
Function

(2) Setup of measurement line frequency

Item No. 1-02
AUTO Automatically detects measurement line

frequency.
50 Hz Sets measurement line frequency to 50 Hz.
60 Hz Sets measurement line frequency to 60 Hz.

(3) Setup of display update rate

Item No. 1-03 (SAMP)
NORM Sets display update to normal rate (1 s).

(NORMAL)

SLOW Sets display update to SLOW (3 s).

(SLOW)

(4) Setup of auto power-off function

Item No. 1-04
ON Enables the auto power-off function.
OFF Disables the auto power-off function.

(5) Setup of buzzer function

Item No. 1-05
ON Enables the buzzer function.
OFF Disables the buzzer function.

1. Hold down the

HOLD

key at unit power-off. The
measurement conditions in effect at that point are
saved.

2. The measurement conditions thus saved are the
measurement line, power, harmonic display, current,
and voltage ranges.

37

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

2.11 Auto Power-Off Function APS

2.12 Battery Low Warning

2.13 Beep Tone

3. To return the saved measurement conditions to their
initial values, hold down the

HOLD

key at unit
power-on. After the entire LCD goes on, the unit
will display "

", and the saved contents of
measurement conditions are returned to their initial
values.

When

APS

annunciator is displayed, the auto power­off function is active.
If no key is pressed for about 10 minutes, the u nit
turns itself off automatically.
Immedi ately before turning off automatically,

APS

annunciator blinks and a beep tone is heard for
about 30 seconds.
By pressing any key except

POWER

,youwill
extend the powered state for another 10 minutes.
To enable or disable the auto power-off function, set
APS in SETUP mode. (See 2.9, "SETUP Function.")
Auto Power-Off function becomes ineffective while
a REC function is used.

When this annunciato r lights, the battery is
exhausted and a correct measurement is not assured.
Replace a new battery.
When the battery voltage drops below a certain
level, the unit indicates "

" and is shut

down.

To enable or disable the audible buzzer when
pressing a key, set BEEP in SETUP mode. (See 2.9,
"SETUP Function.")

38

Chapter 2 Measurement Procedure

2.14 DATA OUTPUT

The 3286 is connected to the printer or the PC by
using optional 9636 or 9636-01 respectively. See
the instruction manual of the 9636 or the 9636-01
for the setup.

39

Chapter 3 Specifications

Maximum permissible
current

1000 Arms continuous

Effect of conductor
position

within 0.7% (in any position from
sensor center)

External magnetic field
interference

AC 400 A/m (external magnetic fields)
corresponds to 2.0 A or less (display)

Voltage in measured
circuit

max. 600 Vrms AC (insulated
conductor)

Range

(Accuracy Range)

Resolution

Accuracy

45Hz to 66Hz

30Hz to 45Hz,
66Hz to 1kHz

200.0A

(10.0rmsA to 200.0rmsA)

0.1A 1.3%rdg. 3dgt. 2.0%rdg. 5dgt.

1000A

(100rmsA to 1000rmsA)

1A 1.3%rdg. 3dgt. 2.0%rdg. 5dgt.

Chapter 3

Specifications

3.1 Measurement Specifications
(23 5 , 80% RH max.)

3.1.1 AC Current Measurement Specifications

AC current (true rms) I

RMS

40

Chapter 3 Specifications

Range

(Accuracy Range)

Resolution

Accuracy

30Hz to 1kHz

200A

(10.0Arms to 200.0Arms)

1A 3.0%rdg. 5dgt.

1000A

(100Arms to 1000Arms)

1A 3.0%rdg. 5dgt.

Range

(Accuracy Range)

Resolution

Accuracy

45Hz to 66Hz

30Hz to 45Hz,
66Hz to 1kHz

150.0V

(10.0rmsV to 150.0rmsV)

0.1V 1.0%rdg. 3dgt. 1.5%rdg. 5dgt.

300.0V

(30.0rmsV to 300.0rmsV)

0.1V 1.0%rdg. 3dgt. 1.5%rdg. 5dgt.

600V

(60rmsV to 600rmsV)

1V 1.0%rdg. 3dgt. 1.5%rdg. 5dgt.

Range

(Accuracy Range)

Resolution

Accuracy

30Hz to 1kHz

150V

(10.0Vrms to 150.0Vrms)

1V 3.0%rdg. 5dgt.

300V

(30.0Vrms to 300.0Vrms)

1V 3.0%rdg. 5dgt.

600V

(60Vrms to 600Vrms)

1V 3.0%rdg. 5dgt.

3.1.2 AC Voltage Measurement Specifications

AC current (wave peak value) I

PEAK

AC voltage (true rms) U

RMS

AC voltage (wave peak value) U

PEAK

41

Chapter 3 Specifications

Measurement
condition

Single phase, 50/60 Hz

Measurement range Effective measurement current range:

10 A to 1000 A
Effective measurement voltage range:
80 V to 600 V

Out of range If either the current (line current) range

or voltage (line voltage) range is out of
range, power measurement will also be
out of range.

Active power
measurement

Current Current Range

Voltage

200.0A 1000A

Voltage
Range

150.0V 30.00kW 150.0kW

300.0V 60.00kW 300.0kW
600V 120.0kW 600.0kW

Measurement
accuracy

2.3%rdg. 5dgt. (cosφ=1)

Apparent power S, reactive power measurement Q,
power factor COSφ

Method of
measurement

Measurement
accuracy
Measurement range

Obtained by calculation from active
power, current, and voltage
measurements.

1 dgt. with respect to calculation from
each measured value.
[W] in the above table is replaced by
[VA] or [var].

3.1.3 Specifications of Single-phase Power
Measurement 1

φφφφ

P Meter

42

Chapter 3 Specifications

Measurement
conditions

Singe phase/balanced three phases,
50/60 Hz, sine wave

Measurement range Effective measurement current range:

10 A to 1000 A
Effective measurement voltage range:
80 V to 600 V

Phase angle measurement φ

Method of
measurement
Measurement range

Obtained from phase detection circuit.

Measurement

Mode

Resolution Measurement Range Accuracy

φ

0.1 LEAD 90 to 0 to LAG 90 3

Power factor measurement λ
Method of

measurement
Measurement range

Obtained by calculation from phase
angles.

Measurement

Mode

Resolution Measurement Range Accuracy*

cosφ 0.001 LEAD 0 to 1 to LAG 0 3 2dgt.

* Calculating error of 2 dgt. is added to phase angle measurement error.

Reactive factor measurement
Method of

measurement
Measurement range

Obtained by calculation from phase
angles.

Measurement

Mode

Resolution Measurement Range Accuracy*

sinφ 0.001 LEAD 0 to 1 to LAG 0 3 2dgt.

* Calculating error of 2 dgt. is added to phase angle measurement error.

3.1.4 Specifications of Power Factor and Phase

Angle Measurements 1φφφφ PF Meter and 3φφφφ
PF Meter

43

Chapter 3 Specifications

Active and apparent power measurements

Measurement
conditions

Balanced three phases, 50/60 Hz, sine
wave

Method of
measurement

Active power calculated from apparent
power and phase angle information.

Measurement range (Active power P/Apparent power S)

Current Current (Line Current) Range

Voltage

200.0A 1000A

Voltage
(Line
Voltage)
Range

150.0V 60.00kW 300.0kW

300.0V

60.00kW

120.0kW

600.0kW

600V 240.0kW

600.0kW
1200kw

For apparent power, [W] is replaced by [VA].

Measurement
accuracy

3.0%rdg. 10dgt. (cosφ=1)

Reactive power measurement Q

Method of
measurement

Measurement
accuracy

Measurement range

Obtained by calculation from active and
apparent powers.

1 dgt. with respect to calculation from

each measured value.
The unit of [W] in the above table is

3.1.5 Specifications of Balanced Three-phase
Power Measurements

44

Chapter 3 Specifications

Measurement ranges
(For current measurement/voltage measurement)

Range

(Accuracy Range)

Resolution Accuracy

100.0Hz

(30.0Hz to 100.0Hz)

0.1Hz 0.3%rdg. 1dgt.

1000Hz

(100Hz to 1000Hz)

1Hz 1.0%rdg. 1dgt.

Minimum input Current: 10.0 Arms, Voltage: 10.0 Vrms

Measurement
condition

Fundamental wave frequency: 50/60 Hz

Measurement function AC current/AC voltage
Harmonic analysis

Window width
Type of window
Number of analysis

data
Order of analysis

1 cycle (50/60 Hz)
Rectangular
256 points

1st order to 20th order

Analysis item

Harmonic level
Harmonic

percentage
Total harmonic

distortion ratio

Harmonic levels of current and voltage
Harmonic percentage of current and

voltage
Total harmonic distortion ratio of current

and voltage (THD-F and THD-R)

3.1.6 Specifications of FrequencyMeasurement

3.1.7 Specifications of Harmonic Measurement

45

Chapter 3 Specifications

Measurement
accuracy

Harmonic levels

Order Accuracy

1 3.0%rdg. 10dgt.
2to6 3.5%rdg. 10dgt.
7to8 4.5%rdg. 10dgt.

9to10 5.0%rdg. 10dgt.
11 to 15 7.0%rdg. 10dgt.
16 to 20 10%rdg. 10dgt.

Harmonic
percentage
Total harmonic
distortion ratio

1 dgt. with respect to calculation from

each measured value.

1 dgt. with respect to calculation from

each measured value.

Operating system Digital sampling system

Phase detection system

Single-phase Power

Measurement

Power Factor & Phase

Angle Measurement

Waveform Digital sa mpli ng -

Phase - Ph as e detection

Three-phase Power

Measurement

Harmonic

Measurement Function

Waveform Digital sa mpli ng Digital sa mplin g

Phase Ph as e detection -

 Accessory Functions:
Phase detection (at 3-

phase balanced load)

Normal/ Reverse/ Missing
(50/60 Hz, sine wave)

Recording Maximu m (MAX) and minimum (MIN)

values display selectable for current,
voltage, and effective / apparent power
measurements

Data hold Data hold fun ction

3.2 General Specifications

46

Chapter 3 Specifications

Auto power-off Automatic shutdown after 10.5 1

minutes. Beep tone warning before the
shutdown. Extending and disabling
possible.

Battery low voltage
power-off

When the battery voltage falls below a
certain level, the function shuts down the
unit to prevent malfunctions.

Beep tone ON/OFF

 Display LCD panel
Digital counter 6000 counts max.
Over-range display "

O.L.

"

Data hold annunciator

HOLD

Auto power-off
annunciator

APS

Battery low warning
Battery low voltage

power-off

bAtt Lo

(7 segments used) Power turned off after
display.

Display update rate Digital counter

NORMAL

1s 50ms (approx. 1 time/second)

SLOW

3s 0.15s (approx. 1 time/3 seconds)

HARM meas.

2s 0.1s (approx. 1 time/2 seconds)

Display response time The range is fixed, 0% to 90%, 3.5 s

max.
Phase measurement, 4.0 s max.

Range switching Auto range, manual (fixed) range

(selectable).
The power range depends on current and
voltage ranges.

Circuit dynamic
characteristics

(crest factor)

2.5 max. (1.7 for 1000 A range and 600
V range)

Withstand voltage Clamp sensor - Chassis, clamp sensor -

circuit: 5.55 kV AC for 1 minute

Zero suppression 5 counts (for current and voltage

measurement)

47

Chapter 3 Specifications

Location for use Indoor, altitude up to 2000 m (6562 feet)
Applicable standards Safety:

EN 61010-1:1992+A2:1995
CAT III (expected transient overvoltage:
6000 V), Pollution level 2,
EN 61010-2-0 31:1994
EN 61010-2-0 32:1995
EN 60529:1991 IP40 (protected against
access to hazardous parts with a wire)
EMC:
EN 61326-1:1997+A1:1998

Maximum conductor
diameter for
measurement

φ 55 mm max.

Operating temperature
and humidity range

0to40 (32 to 104 ),
80%RH or less (no condensation)

Temperature
characteristics

Current and voltage
measurement

In 0 to 40 range: 0.1 x accuracy
specifications/

Phase detection
circuit

In 0 to 40 range: Within 2deg.

Storage temperature
range

-10 to 50
(14 to 122 , n o condensation)

Power source 6LR61, 6LF22 alkaline battery

9V x 1

Output function Optical insulation outp ut

(using optional 9636 RS-232C cable)

Maximum power
consumption

220 mVA

Battery life Alkaline battery (6LR61, 6LF22)

approx. 25 hours

Manganese battery (6F22) approx. 10 hours

External dimensions 62(W) x 260(H) x 39(D) mm

2.44"(W) x 10.24"(H) x 1.54"(D)

Mass Approx. 550 g

Approx. 19.4 oz.

48

Chapter 3 Specifications

Accessories 9355 CARRYING CASE 1

9635 VOLTAGE CORD 1
Hand Strap 1
6LF22 (battery) 1
Instruction manual 1

Options 9 636 RS-232C CABLE

9636-01 RS-232C PACKAGE
9442 PRINTER (DPU-414, Seiko
Instrument Inc.)

General operation expressions

Function Item Symbol

Operation

Expression

Current
measurement

Current
(Effective
value)

I

[Arms]

Voltage
measurement

Voltage
(Effective
value)

U

[Vrms]

Single-phase power
measurement
1φ P meter

1φ active
power

P

[W]

1φ apparent
power

S

[VA]

1φ reactive
power

Q

[var]

1φ power
factor

λ

3.3 Operation Expressions

49

Chapter 3 Specifications

Function Item Symbol

Operation

Expression

Single-phase power
factor and phase
angle measurements
1φ PF meter (Sine
wave, 50/60 Hz)

1φ power
factor

λ

cosφ

1φ reactive
factor

sinφ

Balanced three­phase power factor,
phase angle, and
power
measurements 3φ PF
meter
(Balanced three
phases, sine wave,
50/60 Hz)

3φ power
factor

λ(3φ)

For line current I

R

lags U

RS

:

cos |φ-30

|

For line current I

R

leads U

RS

:

cos (|φ|+30

)

3φ reactive
factor

For line current I

R

lags U

RS

:

sin |φ-30

|

For line current I

R

leads U

RS

:

sin (|φ|+30

)

3φ active
power

P(3φ)

[W]

3φ apparent
power

S(3φ)

[VA]

3φ reactive
power

Q(3φ)

[var]

Remarks:

M: Sampling number
n: Sample point number

φ

: Phase difference between line voltage U

RS

and

line cu rr en t I

R

50

Chapter 3 Specifications

Harmonic operation expressions

Item Symbol

Operation

Expression

Harmonic
current

Effective value I

k

[Arms]

k-th harmonic
content

(%)

Overall harmonic
distortion factor

THD-F

[%]

(%)

THD-R

[%]

(%)

Harmonic
voltage

Effective value U

k

[Vrms]

k-th harmonic
content

(%)

Overall harmonic
distortion factor

THD-F

[%]

(%)

THD-R

[%]

(%)

Remarks:

k: Harmonic order

51

Chapter 4 Battery Replacement

WARNING

To avoid electric shock when replacing the
battery, first disconnect the voltage cable or
clamp from the object to be measured. After
replacing the battery, always replace the cover
and tighten the screw before using the unit.

When replacing the battery, be sure to insert
them with the correct polarity. Otherwise, poor
performance or damage from battery leakage
could result. Replace battery only with the
specified type.

To avoid the possibility of explosion, do not
short circuit, disassemble or incinerate
batteries.

Handle and dispose of batteries in accordance
with local regulations.

Chapter 4

Battery

Replacement

52

Chapter 4 Battery Replacement

CAUTION

Do not use the product if the battery is exhausted

(when the

mark lights in the display area). Be sure

to replace the exhausted battery with a new one.

When replacing the battery, make sure that the
metal battery snap fitting is firmly connected. If the
metal fitting is loose, adjust it and recheck the
connection.

To avoid corrosion from battery leakage, remove the
batteries from the product if it is to be stored for a
long time.

1. Remove the two fastening screws of the rear cover,
using a Phillips screwdriver.

2. Remove the rear cover.

3. Remove the old battery without pulling the codes of
the snap.

4. Securely connect the battery to the battery snap.

5. Replace the rear cover and tighten the fastening
screws.

53

Chapter 5 Attaching The Hand Strap

Chapter 5

Attaching

The Hand Strap

Explains how to attach the hand strap, for easy
handling of the unit in the field.

54

Chapter 5 Attaching The Hand Strap

55

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

Symptom Battery Battery clip Voltage cable

Unit does not come
on.

Yes Yes

indication appears
and unit immediately
turns off.

Yes

indication appears. Yes
Unit turns off during

use.*

Yes Yes

Voltage cannot be
measured.

Yes

Remedy:
If problem persists,
request service.

Replace b attery. Check

connection of
battery to clip.

Check voltage
cord for broken
wire.

NOTE

Chapter 6

Troubleshooting

If the unit seems not to be working normally, check
the following points first before requesting service.

* When APS (auto power-off) is effective, the unit is

automatically shut down when no key is pressed for
about 10 minutes. (See 2.11, "Auto Power-Off
Function.")

56

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

Symptom Confirmation item. and etc.

Cannot be measured.
"----"willbe
displayed.
Becomes fixed.

(1φ PF meter, 3φ PF meter)
Confirm the direction of the clamp sensor, and
connections of the voltage cable.
(Frequency measurement)
Check the waveform. Some special frequencies can't
be measured, such as those of inverters.
Check that the input value corresponds to 10A or less
and 10V or less.

The desirable
measurement data
aren't taken.
(The measured value
is smaller or larger
than the estimated
value.

(1φ Pmeter,1φ PF meter, 3φ PF meter)
Confirm the direction of the clamp sensor, and
Connections of the voltage cable.
Check that the clamp sensor is firmly closed.
Check that the battery warning annunciator

is off.

The display
fluctuates largely at
the peak display.

There is a possibility to fluctuate 2 or 20 counts when
the input becomes big.

Data cannot be
outputted.

See the instruction manual of the 9636 or the 9636-

01.

If the cause cannot be determined after troubleshooting, reset to their initial
values. To reset, hold down the

RANGE

key at unit power-on. The entire

LCD will go on, and "

" will appear. This resets the saved

contents to their initial values.

Symptom Treatment

An indication Err1 to Err5
appears.

Send th e uni t for repair.

57

Chapter 7 Service

Chapter 7

Service

The minimum stocking period for replacement parts

is five years after end of production.

If damage is suspected, check the "Troubleshooting"

section before contacting your dealer or HIOKI
representative.

For information regarding service, please contact

your dealer or the nearest HIOKI representative.

If the unit is not functioning properly, check the

battery. I f a problem is found, contact your dealer
or HIOKI representative. Pack the unit carefully so
that it will not be damaged during transport, and
write a detailed description of the problem. HIOKI
cannot bear any responsibility for damage that
occurs du ring shipment.

58

Chapter 7 Service