Hioki 3193, 3193-10 Instruction Manual

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3193 3193-10

POWER HiTESTER

Instruction Manual

Feb. 2019 Revised edition 16 3193A981-16 19-02H

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Introduction i Inspection i Safety Notes iii Notes on Use vi Chapter 1 Overview 1

1.1 Product Overview 1

1.2 Features

Chapter 2 Names and Functions of Parts 5

2.1 Panels and Key Operation 5

2.2 Names and Configuration of Screen

2.2.1 Screen Configuration 8

2.2.2 MEAS Screen (Measurement Screen) 9

2.2.3 STATUS Screen (Setting Screen) 13

2.2.4 FDD Screen 16

2.3 Indicators 17

2.4 Peak Over Indication

Chapter 3 Preparation for Measurement 19

3.1 Notes on Use 19

3.2 Basic Operating Procedure

3.3 Powering On

22 23

3.4 Connecting the Direct Input Unit

3.5 Connecting the Clamp Input Unit

3.6 Measurement Losses

3.7 Error Messages

3.8 System Reset

3.9 Operations During Power Failure

24 26 27 28 29 30

Chapter 4 Setting and Using the Basic Functions 33

4.1 Setting the Wiring Mode (1P2W to 3P4W) 33

4.2 Setting the Coupling Mode (DC/AC+DC/AC)

4.3 Switching the Voltage Range and Current Range

4.4 Effective Value (RMS) or Mean Rectified Value (MEAN) Selection

4.5 Setting the Scaling (PT/CT/SC Ratios)

4.6 Setting the Low-pass Filter (LPF)

3193A981-16

36 37

39 40 42

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4.7 Setting the Phase Polarity Discrimination Filter 43

4.8 Switching the Waveform Peak Value

4.9 Setting the Response (FAST/MID/SLOW)

4.10 Setting the Averaging

4.11 Setting on the MEAS Screen

4.11.1 Setting the Display Items (for 1 to 6 channels) 50

4.11.2 Setting the SELECT screen 51

44 45 46 50

4.12 Setting on the SYSTEM screen 52

4.12.1 Switching the Interface (GP-IB/RS-232C) 52

4.12.2 Setting the Display Color 53

4.12.3 Setting the Back Light 53

4.12.4 Setting the Equation for Reactive Power (Q) and 　Apparent Power (S) 54

4.12.5 Setting the Beep Sound 55

4.12.6 Setting Indications for Out-of-Range Inputs 55

4.12.7 Setting the Display Language (English/Japanese) 56

4.12.8 Setting the Real-time Clock 56

4.13 Degaussing 57

Chapter 5 Frequency Measurement 59

5.1 Setting the Frequency Measurement Source (fa) 60

5.2 Setting the Frequency Range(fa)

Chapter 6 Hold/Peak Hold Function 63

6.1 Hold Function 63

6.2 Peak Hold Function

6.2.1 Combination with Control Times 66

Chapter 7 Integration Function 67

7.1 Overview 67

7.2 Setting the Control Time

7.2.1 Setting the Interval Time 69

7.2.2 Setting the Timer 70

7.2.3 Setting the Real Time Control 71

7.3 Integration Screen 72

7.4 Starting, Stopping, and Resetting the Integration

7.5 Manual Integration

(Controlled by Panel Keys)

7.6 Integration Using Time Settings

(Controlled by Panel Keys)

7.6.1 Timer Integration 75

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7.6.2 Real-Time Control Integration 76

7.6.3 Interval Integration 76

7.7 Measuring the Load Factor 77

7.8 Zero suppress function

Chapter 8 Efficiency Measurement 79

8.1 Overview 79

8.2 Efficiency Screen

8.3 Setting the Calculation Formula

8.4 Example Measurement

8.4.1 Efficiency Measurement of a Switching Power Supply (1φ2W) 82

8.4.2 Efficiency Measurement of a Switching Power Supply (3φ3W) 82

8.4.3 Efficiency Measurement of a Light Fitting (Two-Lamp) 83

8.4.4 Efficiency Measurement of an Inverter (1φ2W) 83

8.4.5 Efficiency Measurement of an Inverter (3φ3W)

and Motor 84

80 81 82

Chapter 9 External Output/ External Control Terminals 85

9.1 Connector Pin Arrangement 86

9.2 Internal Circuit for Analog, Monitor, D/A Outputs

9.3 Internal Circuit for the External Control and Timing

9.3.1 INTEG.EXT.CONT and INTEG.RESET Terminals 88

9.3.2 FDD/PRINTER.START Terminal 89

9.3.3 EXT.A/D START Terminal 89

87 88

Chapter 10 D/A Output 91

10.1 Overview 91

10.2 Selecting Output Item

10.3 Output Rate

92 93

Chapter 11 Using the Floppy Disk Drive (Only 3193) 95

11.1 Overview 95

11.2 Operation Procedure

11.3 Using the Floppy Disk

96 97

11.4 Formatting a Floppy Disk

11.5 Switching the FDD/Printer

11.6 Setting File Names for Saved Measurement Data

98 99

100

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11.7 Setting the Measurement Items for Saving 101

11.8 Saving the Data on FDD

11.8.1 Automatic Saving Using Time Settings 102

11.8.2 Manual Saving 103

11.8.3 Screen Hard Copy 103

11.8.4 Saving the Settings 103

11.8.5 Saving and Loading Settings 104

102

11.9 Information Which Can Be Saved 105

11.10 Deleting and Confirming Files

11.11 Format for Data Output to Floppy Disk

11.12 Message and Error Displays

106 107 108

Chapter 12 GP-IB and RS-232C Interface 109

12.1 Overview 109

12.2 Specifications

12.2.1 GP-IB Interface 110

12.2.2 RS-232C Interface 111

110

12.3 Interface Outline 114

12.3.1 Messages 114

12.3.2 Command Syntax 115

12.3.3 Headers 115

12.3.4 Message Terminators 116

12.3.5 Separators 116

12.3.6 Data Formats 117

12.3.7 Abbreviation of Compound Commands 118

12.3.8 Output Queue 119

12.3.9 Input Buffer 119

12.3.10 Note on Commands Initiating Events 119

12.3.11 Status Model 120

12.3.12 Status Byte Register 121

12.3.13 Event Registers 122

12.3.14 GP-IB Commands 129

12.4 Command Reference 130

12.4.1 Standard Command 131

12.4.2 Specific Commands 141

12.5 Command Summary 197

12.5.1 Standard Commands 197

12.5.2 Commands Specific to the 3193 198

12.5.3 Valid Command According to Condition (Standard Command) 204

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12.5.4 Valid Command According to Condition (Specific Command) 205

12.5.5 Execution Time of GP-IB Interface Command 210

12.5.6 Initialization 211

12.5.7 Specific Command Tree 212

12.6 Sample Programs 215

12.6.1 GP-IB 215

12.6.2 RS-232C 216

12.7 Device Compliance Statement 217

12.8 Notes on Interface 219

12.8.1 GPｰIB Troubleshooting 219

12.8.2 RS-232C Troubleshooting 220

Chapter 13 Using the Printer (Option) 221

13.1 Overview 221

13.2 Specifications

13.3 Operating Procedure

13.4 Loading Recording Paper

13.5 Switching the FDD/Printer

13.6 Setting the Measurement Items to Print

13.7 Printing Out

13.7.1 Manual Printing 227

13.7.2 Automatic Printing by Time Settings 227

13.7.3 Screen Hard Copy 229

13.7.4 Help Printing Mode 229

13.7.5 External Control Printing 229

222 223 224 225 226 227

13.8 Setting the Printing Direction 230

13.9 Error and Overflow Displays

231

Chapter 14 9600 AC/DC DIRECT INPUT UNIT (Option) 233

14.1 Overview 233

14.2 Notes on Use

14.3 Specifications (using with the 3193)

14.4 Internal Block Diagram

14.4.1 RMS Value (root-mean-square value) 238

14.4.2 MEAN Value (MEAN rectification effective value for display) 239

14.4.3 Active Power 239

14.4.4 Waveform Peak Value Measurement Circuit 240

14.4.5 Crest Factor 240

234 235 238

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Chapter 15 9601 AC DIRECT INPUT UNIT (Option) 241

15.1 Overview 241

15.2 Notes on Use

15.3 Specifications (using with the 3193)

15.4 Internal Block Diagram

242 243 246

Chapter 16 9602 AC/DC CLAMP INPUT UNIT (Option) 247

16.1 Overview 247

16.2 Notes on Use

16.3 Specifications (using with the 3193)

16.4 Internal Block Diagram

248 249 252

Chapter 17 9603 EXTERNAL SIGNAL INPUT UNIT (Option) 253

17.1 Overview 253

17.2 Display Screen

17.3 Setting Method

17.3.1 Changing the Voltage 255

17.3.2 Setting the Scaling 256

254 255

17.3.3 Setting the Units 256

17.3.4 Setting the Pulse 257

17.3.5 Calculating Motor Power (Pm) 257

17.4 Specifications 258

17.5 Internal Block Diagram

259

Chapter 18 Maintenance and Service 261

18.1 Cautions 261

18.2 Disposing of the Unit

262

Chapter 19 Rack Mounting 263

19.1 Rack Mounting Fittings 263

19.2 Installation Procedures

265

Chapter 20 Specifications (unit only) 267

20.1 General Specifications 267

20.2 Function Specifications

270

20.3 Calculations

20.4 Internal Block Diagram of the 3193

276 281

Appendix APPENDIX 1 Index INDEX 1

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Introduction

Thank you for purchasing this HIOKI "3193, 3193-10 POWER HiTESTER." To get the maximum performance from the unit, please read this manual first, and keep this at hand.

・ The HIOKI 3193, 3193-10 POWER HiTESTER will be referred to as the

HIOKI 3193in this manual.

・ The HIOKI 3193 comes with a floppy disk drive (FDD) but the HIOKI

3193-10 does not. The respective specifications will be referred to when a specific product name is mentioned in this manual.

・ When the FDD is mentioned in the instruction manual, even if there is no

special indication, the corresponding specification will not be supported by the 3193-10.

Inspection

When the unit is delivered, check and make sure that it has not been damaged in transit. In particular, check the accessories, panel switches, and connectors. If the unit is damaged, or fails to operate according to the specifications, contact your dealer or HIOKI representative.

■ Standard accessories

Instruction Manual 1 Power cord 1 Connector 1

■Options

9600 AC/DC DIRECT INPUT UNIT 9601 AC DIRECT INPUT UNIT 9602 AC/DC CLAMP INPUT UNIT 9603 EXTERNAL SIGNAL INPUT UNIT 9604 PRINTER UNIT 9605 HARMONIC/FLICKER MEASURMENTS UNIT

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Introduction

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■ Shipment

If reshipping the unit, preferably use the original packing. Before shipping the 3193, always remove the floppy disk.

ACDC UNIT

AC UNIT

CLAMP UNIT ACDC 20 A

CLAMP UNIT ACDC 200 A

CLAMP UNIT ACDC 500 A

CLAMP UNIT ACDC 50 A

CLAMP UNIT 20 A AC CLAMP

CLAMP UNIT 200 A AC CLAMP

Ex UNIT：ON

Printer ON

9605 ON

9600 is installed. 9601 is installed. 9602 is installed and 9277 is inserted. 9602 is installed and 9278 or CT6863 is inserted. 9602 is installed and 9279 or 9709 or CT6865 is

inserted. 9602 is installed and CT6862 is inserted. 9602 is installed and 9270 or 9272 (20 A) or 9272-10

(20 A) is inserted. 9602 is installed and 9271 or 9272 (200 A) or 9272-10

(200 A) is inserted. 9603 is installed . 9604 is installed. 9605 is installed.

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Inspection

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Safety Notes

This Instruction Manual provides information and warnings essential for operating this equipment in a safe manner and for maintaining it in safe operating condition. Before using this equipment, be sure to carefully read the following safety notes.

DANGE R

Safety symbols

This instrument is designed to comply with IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment. However, mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well as damage to the instrument. Be certain that you understand the instructions and precautions in the manual before use. We disclaim any responsibility for accidents or injuries not resulting directly from instrument defects.

・ This symbol is affixed to locations on the equipment where the

operator should consult corresponding topics in this manual (which are also marked with the symbol) before using relevant functions of the equipment.

・ In the manual, this mark indicates explanations which it is

particularly important that the user read before using the equipment.

Indicates AC (Alternating Current).

Indicates both DC (Direct Current) and AC (Alternating Current).

DANGE R

WARNING

CAUTION

NOTE

Indicates a grounding terminal.

Indicates the ON side of the power switch.

Indicates the OFF side of the power switch.

The following symbols are used in this Instruction Manual to indicate the relative importance of cautions and warnings.

Indicates that incorrect operation presents extreme danger of accident resulting in death or serious injury to the user.

Indicates that incorrect operation presents significant danger of accident resulting in death or serious injury to the user.

Indicates that incorrect operation presents possibility of injury to the user or damage to the equipment.

Denotes items of advice related to performance of the equipment or to its correct operation.

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Safety Notes

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Accuracy

The specifications in this manual include figures for "measurement accuracy" when referring to digital measuring instruments, and for "measurement tolerance" when referring to analog instruments.

・f.s. (maximum display or scale value, or length of scale)

Signifies the maximum display (scale) value or the length of the scale (in cases where the scale consists of unequal increments or where the maximum value cannot be defined).

In general, this is the range value (the value written on the range selector or equivalent) currently in use.

・rdg. (displayed or indicated value)

This signifies the value actually being measured, i.e., the value that is currently indicated or di splayed by the measuring instrument.

・dgt. (resolution)

Signifies the smallest display unit on a digital measuring instrument, i.e., the value displayed when the last digit on the digital display is "1".

Display items Display items FDD (header) Printer GP-IB/RS-232C

Voltage Voltage peak

Current Current peak

Active power Reactive power Apparent power Power factor Phase angle Frequency Integration

active current

Integration power

|Up|/Pk (enlarged

|Ip|/Pk (enlarged

(＋) +Ih PIh Ih (+) PIH (－) -Ih MIh Ih (-) MIH

(total)

(＋) +WP PWP WP (+) PWP (－) -WP MWP WP (-) MWP

(total) WP WP WP WP

U U U U

display)

I I I I

display)

P P P P

Q Q Q Q

S S S S

λ PF PF PF

φ DEG DEG DEG

f f f f

Ih Ih Ih IH

PEAK PEAK (Vpeak) Pk

PEAK PEAK (Apeak) Pk

Load factor Maximum averaging

power Efficiency Channel A of 9603 Channel B of 9603 Motor power of 9603

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Safety Notes

LF LF LF LF

no display Wmax Wmax none

η EFFI EFFI EFF

chA CHA CHA EXTA

chB CHB CHB EXTB

Pm PM PM PM

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Measurement categories

9600, 9601 and 9602 instrument comply with CAT III (600 V or less)/ CAT II (600 to 1000 V) safety requirements.

To ensure safe operation of measurement instruments, IEC 61010 establishes safety standards for various electrical environments, categorized as CAT Ⅱ to CAT IV, and called measurement categories.

CATⅡ

CATⅢ

CATⅣ

Primary electrical circuits in equipment connected to an AC electrical outlet by a power cord (portable tools, household appliances, etc.) CAT II covers directly measuring electrical outlet receptacles.

Primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment (fixed installations) connected directly to the distribution panel, and feeders from the distribution panel to outlets.

The circuit from the service drop to the service entrance, and to the power meter and primary overcurrent protection device (distri bution panel).

Using a measurement instrument in an environment designated with a higher-numbered category than that for which the instrument is rated could result in a severe accident, and must be carefully avoided. Use of a measurement instrument that is not CAT-rated in CAT II to CAT IV measurement applications could result in a severe accident, and must be carefully avoided.

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Safety Notes

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Notes on Use

In order to ensure safe operation and to obtain maximum performance from the unit, observe the cautions listed below.

DANGE R

WARNING

Always connect the powermeter input (including clamp) to the

secondary side of the breaker. On the secondary side of a breaker, even if the lines are shorted the breaker can trip and prevent an accident. On the primary side, however, the current capacity may be large, and in the event of a short-circuit there may be a serious accident.

The maximum input voltage and current for this unit depend on the

input unit being used. Do not apply an input exceeding the maximum input voltage and current specified for the input unit. Exceeding the maximum input voltage or current could damage the unit or cause a serious accident.

Before turning on the power, make sure that the voltage of the power

supply being used matches the supply voltage indicated on the rear panel of the unit. If an attempt is made to use an improper supply voltage, there is danger of damage to this unit and of life-threatening risk to the operator.

The power switch has a microgap construction, and it is therefore

essential to use it close to a power outlet. When the unit is not in use, and while making connections to the circuit being tested, isolate the unit electrically from the power supply, for example by removing the power cord plug from the outlet.

To avoid electrical accidents and to maintain the safety

specifications of this instrument, connect the power cord provided only to a 3-contact (two-conductor + ground) outlet.

Do not remove the case of the unit. There are components inside

carrying high voltages or becoming hot, and this could cause an electric shock accident.

Do not use the unit where it may be exposed to corrosive or

explosive gases. The unit may be damaged, or explosion may occur.

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Notes on Use

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CAUTION

・ Should the unit emit smoke, or a strange smell or strange sound,

immediately stop testing operations, power the unit off, and remove the power cord from the outlet, shut off the circuit being tested, disconnect the unit, and consult your HIOKI representative. Continued use of the unit could lead to fire or electric shock accidents.

・ Do not insert foreign objects through the ventilation holes in the top

and bottom of the case. Particularly if metallic, liquid, or combustible substances get inside the case, this may lead to fire or electric shock, or to malfunction. When using several devices at the same time, do not stack them.

・ Never allow the ventilation holes in the top and bottom covers to

become blocked while using this unit. Blocking the ventilation will cause internal temperature to rise, possibly resulting in fire or damage to the equipment.

・ To prevent electric shock, do not allow the unit to become wet and

do not use the unit when your hands are wet.

・ This unit is designed for indoor use and can be safely used at

temperatures ranging from 0℃ to 40℃ and should be operated at 80% RH or less.

・ This unit is not constructed to be waterproof or dustproof, so do

not use it in a very dusty environment or in one where it will get wet.

・ Do not store or use the unit where it will be exposed to direct

sunlight, high temperatures, high humidity, or condensation. If exposed to such conditions, the unit may be damaged, the insulation may deteriorate, and the unit may no longer satisfy its specifications.

・ To avoid damage to the unit, do not subject the equipment to

vibrations or shocks during transport or handling. Be especially careful to avoid dropping the equipment.

・ Do not place the unit on an unstable stand, or in an uneven

location. It may fall to the ground, or fall over, and either of these events may lead to malfunction or accident.

・ Do not use the unit near any device which generates strong

electromagnetic radiation or near a static electrical charge, as these may cause errors.

・ Avoid treading on or pinching the cable so as not to damage the

cable sheaths.

・ When unplugging the power cord from the power receptacle or from

the unit, grasp the plug, not the cord, in order to avoid damaging the cable.

・ To avoid damaging the sensor cables or probes, do not bend or pull

them, especially where they connect to the sensor

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Notes on Use

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CAUTION

・ Use caution when taking measurements in circuits where the

power line are hot.

・ Keep the cables well away from heat, to prevent the possibility of

melting the insulation. ・ For long-term storage, remove the power cord. ・ In order to prevent temperature rising, place the device away

from other things so that the vents are not blocked. ・ The instrument should be operated only with the bottom or rear

side downwards. ・ Do not stack up the device. ・ Do not obstruct the ventilation holes. (Do not place anything on

the device as it may block the ventilation holes.)

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Notes on Use

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NOTE

･ All options for this unit are factory-fitted, but it is also possible to add

options at a later date after purchase. In this case, however, it is necessary for the unit to be returned to HIOKI headquarters.

･ With the appropriate combination of direct connection input units, this unit

can function as either an AC power meter or dual AC/DC power meter. When used together with clamp input units, depending on whether the clamp sensor used is for AC or DC, this unit can function as either an AC power meter or dual AC/DC power meter. When used as an AC power meter, it is not possible to measure a DC component superimposed on the AC signal (half-wave rectification, or full-wave rectification upper and lower excluded waveform).

･ Note that limits are specified for the range in which voltage and current level

accuracies are guaranteed.

･ In order to assure accurate measurements, allow this unit to warm up for at

least 1 hour before using it.

･ This power meter uses the calculations indicated in the specifications in

order to determine apparent power (S), power factor (

), and reactive power (Q) on the basis of the measured voltage (U), current (I), and active power (P). The values displayed by this power meter may differ from those produced by other testers that are based on different principles of operation or testers that use different calculations.

･ Display of a polarity symbol (-) together with reactive power (Q), power

factor (λ) or phase angle (φ) occurs only when TYPE1 is selected as the calculation type, and indicates that current is delayed with respect to voltage. For reasons related to circuit design, the polarity symbol is displayed even when input is "0".

･ Due to measuring error or a disproportionate load, the effective power may

exceed the apparent power, resulting in a power factor of 1 or more. In such a case, this system is designed to make the apparent power equal to the effective power.

･ There are two sorts of measurement: using analog calculation by the input

unit or by digital calculation using the harmonic analysis/flicker measurement function, and since these have entirely different principles of measurement, frequency range, and accuracy, and as a result the final measured values may be different.

･ Accurate measurement may be impossible in locations subject to strong

external magnetic fields, such as transformers and high-current conductors, or in locations subject to strong external electric fields, such as radio transmission equipment.

･ For the current measurement of the 9600 AC/DC DIRECT INPUT UNIT, the

DC-CT (current transformer) method is used, so after measuring a large current, there may be a very slight residual offset signal. The offset signal produces the largest error effect in the minimum ranges; in this case, shut off the current input, and carry out degaussing (DMAG).

･ The 9600, 9601, and 9602 active power measurement units operate with an

auto-zero circuit at 2.442 kHz. For this reason, an input signal with a frequency of 2.442 kHz will result in a periodically fluctuating display indication.

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Notes on Use

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NOTE

･ When the input is less than a certain level of measurement range, depending

on using the input unit, the display value is forced to zero. See the specifications of the input unit to be used.

･ When measuring a high frequency voltage to earth (for example the

secondary side of an inverter), errors may occur in the measurement values.

･ To maintain the measurement accuracy of the unit, bear the following

cooling measures in mind: Do not obstruct the ventilation holes Keep away from sources of heat If rack mounted, install a cooling fan Do not stack up the device. Do not place anything on the device.

･ This unit switches the power supply voltage automatically. Voltage

fluctuations of 10% from the rated supply voltage are taken into account.

･ This unit has no external fuse. Thus if the unit does not operate when the

power switch is turned on and power is supplied, there is a fault. Disconnect the power cord and measurement lines, and contact your dealer or HIOKI representative.

･ This instruments may cause interference if used in residential areas.Such use

must be avoided unless the user takes special measures to reduce electromagnetic emissions to prevent interference to the reception of radio and television broadcasts.

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Notes on Use

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Chapter 1

1.1 Product Overview

The 3193 POWER HiTESTER is a power meter that can test any type of line ranging from single-phase lines to three-phase four-wire lines.

Based on the voltage, current, and active power measurements, this unit calculates and displays reactive power, apparent power, power factor, phase angle, and efficiency. It further has a wide range of measurement functions including frequency measurement function, peak measurement function, current integration, active power integration, analog outputs, monitor outputs, and harmonic analysis/flicker function (option).

Overview

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1.1 Product Overview

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1.2 Features

(1) Safe design

The 3193 POWER HiTESTER features a safe design that complies with the IEC61010-1 safety standard.

(2) Capable of measuring power on all types of power lines

This single power meter is capable of measuring power on all types of power lines, ranging from single-phase lines to three-phase four-wire lines by installing the input units.

(3) Simultaneous measurement of multiple systems

Up to six input channels can be installed, so that for example, a single unit can simultaneously measure the input power and output power of a threephase inverter. By combinations with the optional external input units, the input power and output power of an inverter and the output of a motor can be measured and calculated with a single unit. Further, by using the efficiency calculation function, the efficiency and overall efficiency of up to three points can be measured simultaneously with one unit.

(4) Wide current measurement range

With a direct connection input unit, and no external current transformer, it is possible to measure a maximum of 50 A rms. The internal current transformer design keeps the losses in the current measurement meter extremely low. Using a current sensor input unit, existing current sensors can be used to measure up to 500 A.

(5) High accuracy

The basic accuracy of±0.1% rdg.±0.1%f.s. is high.

(6) Wide frequency range: DC and 0.5 Hz to 1 MHz (using optional

9600

The wide frequency response supports the evaluation of inverter-motor systems, inverter fluorescent lighting systems, ultrasound motors, switching power supplies, and so on.

AC/DC DIRECT INPUT UNIT

)

(7) Built-in low pass filter

The cut-off frequency can be selected from three values. This function allows an inverter fundamental frequency to be extracted, and also supports data exchange with conventional devices.

(8) Three types of calculation expression selectable

Three types of calculation for apparent power and reactive power can be selected, to support compatibility with conventional devices.

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1.2 Features

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(9) Peak measurement function

It is possible to measure peak values of a voltage or current waveform. Also, using the peak hold function, motor surge current peak values, and the peak values of effective values can be measured.

(10) Separate integration values for each polarity

For current and active power, positive, negative, and total integrated values are provided. Each channel can be integrated separately.

(11) Three averaging functions

Time average, sliding average, or exponential average can be selected as the averaging mode.

(12) Three-channel frequency measurement function

The unit has a three-channel frequency measurement function, allowing separate frequency measurement when multiple systems are being tested.

(13) Analog signal input from an external device (using optional 9603

EXTERNAL SIGNAL INPUT UNIT)

It is possible to input a separate analog output (or pulse signal) from the system undergoing power measurement, for easy on-screen conversion. For example, inputting the analog outputs from a torque meter or rotation counter enables the converted torque or rotation values to be shown on the screen. The power can also be computed from the torque or rotation values.

(14) Harmonic analysis/flicker measurement function (option)

The harmonic analysis function can analyze up to the 50th harmonic of the voltage, current, or active power waveform, for fundamental frequencies from 5 Hz to 440 Hz.

(15) High visibility color LCD

The color LCD screen has a wide viewing angle, and allows simultaneous display of different information without requiring screen switching, giving an at-a-glance grasp of the overall state of the measured system. In combination with the optional harmonic analysis/flicker function, it is possible to use different colors to distinguish harmonic analysis graphs and waveforms.

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1.2 Features

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(16) FDD installed (only 3193)

The built-in floppy disk drive facilitates data saving when required, and automatic saving at preset times. It is also possible to save the unit settings and reload them to restore the previous state. Upgrades of the unit are also supported. (No FDD in the HIOKI 3193-10)

(17) Eight-channel D/A output fitted as standard

These output specified items, with an output of ±5 V corresponding to the full scale range.

(18) Efficiency calculation function fitted as standard

This provides three efficiency calculations from measured power values.

(19) Rapid response analog outputs fitted as standard

These outputs provide 5 V full-scale analogs of the voltage, current, and active power ranges. (Excluding 1000 V range) When the response is set to FAST, these have a 100 ms response time.

(20) Waveform outputs fitted as standard

These outputs provide 1 V full-scale waveform outputs corresponding to the voltage and current ranges, allowing wavefor m monitoring with a recorder or oscilloscope.

(21) Built-in printer (option)

This provides a printout of the measurement data and screen displays.

(22) Choice of display language

The display language can be selected as English or Japanese.

(23) GP-IB/RS-232C fitted as standard

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1.2 Features

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Chapter 2

Names and Functions of Parts

2.1 Panels and Key Operation

(∗)

FDD

PAGE keys FUNCTION keys

START/STOP key

OUTPUT keys

FUNCTION keys

CURSOR keys

RANGE keys

Front Panel

Backlight off LED

SHIFT key

HOLD key

LOCAL key

Power switch

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2.1 Panels and Key Operation

Page 24

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FUNCTION MEAS

STATUS FDD

(∗)

Changes to the measurement value display screen Changes to the settings display screen Used for setting the file name of the floppy disk, and saving

and recalling unit settings.

PAGE

In the MEAS and STATUS screens, used to switch display for the item in the second row from the top.

RANGE

+ / U-

Changes the voltage range on the displayed channel. Pressing both keys sets to the auto ranging.

SHIFT→U+ Pressing the

SHIFT

key and then pressing the

key toggles the voltage for the displayed channel between RMS and MEAN.

+ /

Changes the current range on the displayed channel. Pressing both keys sets to the auto ranging.

SHIFT→I+ Pressing the

SHIFT

key and then pressing the

key toggles the current for the displayed channel between RMS and MEAN.

SHIFT→I- Pressing the

SHIFT

key and then pressing the

key executes degaussing. This effects only when using the 9600 input unit, or when using the 9602 in combination with AC/DC clamp.

(∗)

OUTPUT OUTPUT

COPY

SHIFT→COPY

SAVE/PRINT

→

SHIFT SAVE/PRINT

CURSOR ▲▼

→

SHIFT

Outputs the display screen to the FDD Sends a copy of the screen to the FDD Prints the current settings of the unit on the FDD

(∗)

Outputs the specified items to the FDD Feeds the printer paper. During printing, pressing this key

(∗)

ends the printing. Used to move the cursor for settings and so on. Changes the connection mode on the measurement screen for

or printer.

(∗)

or printer.

(∗)

or printer.

(∗)

or printer.

each channel.

SHIFT→▲

Changes the response mode on the measurement screen for each channel.

SHIFT→

Changes the low-pass filter on the measurement screen for each channel.

HOLD HOLD Stops display updating of all measurement values, then each

subsequent press updates the display.

SHIFT→HOLD

When not in the hold mode, this switches to the peak hold mode. Press this mode, pressing the

SHIFT

and

HOLD

again to release this setting. In

HOLD

key resets and then it is in the

peak value hold mode.

LOCAL LOCAL

SHIFT→LOCAL Locks the panel keys. Press

Used to end remote control.

SHIFT

and

LOCAL

again to release

this setting.

START/ STOP

F1 to F5 POWER

START/STOP

→

SHIFT START/STOP

Used to select setting items. Powers the unit on and off.

Starts and stops each time controls (integration, time averaging, automatic output to FD/printer).

After stopping the integraion, this key combination resets the elapsed time and integration values.

(∗: There is no FDD or FDD key in the HIOKI 3193-10. SAVE/PRINT key is the PRINT key.)

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2.1 Panels and Key Operation

Page 25

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AC power inlet

GP-IB connector 9603 Input terminal Voltage input terminal

Output connector

(analog output, monitor output, D/A output, external control terminal)

RS-232C connector

Grounding terminal

Serial No.

Clamp input terminal Current input terminal

Rear Panel

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2.1 Panels and Key Operation

Page 26

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2.2 Names and Configuration of Screen

2.2.1 Screen Configuration

In 1 P3W, 3P3W mode: channels 1+2, 3+4,

4+5, 5+6 In 3V3A, 3P4W mode: channels 1+2+3, 4+5+6

(in 1P2W mode)

MEAS screen

MAGNIFY

3ch

DETAILS

4ch

INTEG-

RATED

4ITEMS

8ITEMS

16 ITEMS

5ch

6ch

SELECT

EFFI

EXT IN

HARMONIC

/FLICKER

The three basic screens are the MEAS (measurement) screen, the STATUS screen, and the FDD (floppy disk drive) screen

STATUS

,or

FDD

key

(∗)

on the panel switches to the corresponding screen.

(∗)

. Pressing the

MEAS

This configuration is when all options are installed.

Power on

Option installation display screen

Second time or later

Factory settings

Display returns on the channel selected

when the unit was powered off

FUNCTION

1ch

2ch

MEAS FDD

UNIT

TIME

FREQ/

OUTPUT

SYSTEM

EFFI

EXT UNIT

HARMONIC/FLICKER

Screen paths when all options are installed.

STATUS

STATUS screen

WIRING

Range, PT ratio, CT ratio,

SC ratio, LPF, phF, peak

Response, average, interval time, timer time, real-time control time

Output device, output item, saving color, D/A output, frequency source, frequency range

Interface, display color, backlight, calculation, beep sound, language, real time, system reset, out-of-range input display

Calculation, setting

Voltage range, scaling, unit

FDD screen

FDD

Data file name Set up file name Screen copy file name File list Disk format Remaining space

Display items P: PAGE keys C: CURSOR keys F: F1 to F5 keys

∗

:ThereisnoFDDor

FDD key,FDD screen in th e H IO KI 3193-10.

(∗)

NOTE

When the unit is first powered on after purchase, and after a system reset, the display for channel 1 appears. Thereafter, the display returns on the channel selected when the unit was powered off.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 27

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

2.2.2 MEAS Screen (Measurement Screen)

This screen displays measurement results. The displays available depend on the options installed. Switch from one display to another using the this case the second row of cursor positions from the top of the screen shows the currently displayed page. Each item in this row is blank if the corresponding option is not installed. The third row on the screen shows the settings for the currently displayed channel.

①②③④

#201.tif

Use the PAGE keys

Use the Function keys

PAGE

key on the front panel. In

Measurement Screen

① Screen for each channel (channels 1 to 6) [

1chto6ch

]

・This is the screen when the cursor position is on 1ch (channel 1) to 6ch

(channel 6). This corresponds to the installation of the 9600, 9601, and 9602 options.

・For multi-channel combinations, of single-phase three-wire (1P3W) and

above, the measurement values are displayed combined on a single screen. In this case, the cursor also appears on the corresponding channel numbers together.

#202.tif

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

#203.tif

In 1P2W mode

In 1P3W, 3P3W mode

2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 28

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3V3A/3P4W mode

#204.tif

NOTE

･ The subscript numbers on symbols indicate channels. For example, "U1"

indicates that the voltage measured on input unit channel 1 is displayed. The indication "U

" indicates that the SUM value of the voltages measured

123

on input unit channels 1, 2 and 3 is displayed.

･ When the SUM value of the active power in 3V3A mode is shown as, for

example, "P

", then "P1+P2" is calculated, and "P3" is ignored.

123

･ In 1P2W mode, when DC mode is selected, the reactive power (Q), power

factor (λ), phase angle (φ) for each channel are displayed, but they are meaningless. In 3P3W or 3V3A mode, when three-phase three-wire is measured, active power (P), apparent power (S), reactive power (Q), power factor (λ), phase angle (φ) for each channel are displayed, but they are also meaningless. Make a setting for display to off not to display them.

See Section 20.3, "Calculations."

・Other display screens include enlarged and integration value displays;

function keys

and

switch to these displays.

#205.tif

Enlarged display screen

Integration display screen

1 P2W, DC mode

#206.tif

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2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 29

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

#207.tif

② Selection screen [

SELECT

]

・Required items (except harmonics, flicker, and integration values) can be

selected from all of the measurements being made and displayed.

・The screen format can be selected to show 4, 8, or 16 items.

4 items display screen

8 items display screen

#208.tif

#232-9.tif

16 items display screen

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2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 30

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

③ Efficiency screen [

By combining measurement values (active power, motor power), this calculates and displays the efficiency.

#232-10.tif

④ External input screen [

This is displayed when the optional 9603 EXTERNAL SIGNAL INPUT UNIT is installed. The motor power (Pm) is displayed only when the unit settings for channel A is torque, for channel B is number of rotating (rpm).

EFFI

]

EXT IN

]

#232-11.tif

⑤ Harmonic waveform screen

This is displayed when the optional 9605 HARMONIC/FLICKER

MEASUREMENTS UNIT

is installed. (See 9605 Instruction Manual)

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2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 31

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

2.2.3 STATUS Screen (Setting Screen)

This screen provides various settings. The screens correspond to the installed options. Switch from one display to another using the panel. In this case the second row of cursor positions from the top of the screen shows the currently displayed page. From this row, you can also check which options are installed.

①② ③ ④⑤⑥

PAGE

key on the front

STATUS screen

① Unit screen [

UNIT

]

・This shows a list of the settings for each channel. In this case too, the

settings are collected together according to the channel combinations depending on the connection mode.

・Moving the cursor to an item with the

CURSOR

keys allows that item to be

set or changed.

1P2W 6 types

3P4W 2 types

② Time control screen [

TIME

]

This shows the settings for the response, averaging function, the interval time, timer time, and real-time control time.

#CHANGE

233-4.tif

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2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 32

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

③ Frequency screen [

This shows the settings for the output to FDD/printer, printing direction, saving screen color on FD, D/A output, frequency measurement function source, and frequency range of the unit. With the HIOKI 3193-10, FDD ([FD], [FD&PRINT]) cannot be selected as data output.

#CHANGE

233-5.tif

④ System screen [

FREQ/OUTPUT

SYSTEM

]

This shows the settings for the GP-IB/RS-232C, display color, LCD backlight, calculation, beep sound, display of input out-of-range, language, real-time, system reset.

#CHANGE

233-6.tif

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2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 33

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

⑤ Efficiency screen [

EFFI

]

This sets the items to be substituted in the efficiency calculation expression.

#233-7.tif

(6) External input screen [

This is displayed when the optional 9603 EXTERNAL SIGNAL INPUT UNIT is installed, and some settings are made for the 9603.

EXT UNIT

]

#233-8.tif

(7) Harmonic waveform screen

This is displayed when the optional 9605 HARMONIC/FLICKER

MEASUREMENTS UNIT

is installed. (See 9605 Instruction Manual)

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2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 34

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

2.2.4 FDD Screen (Only 3193)

This sup ports file name setting of a floppy disk, and saving and loading of the unit settings.

#234.tif

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2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

Page 35

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

2.3 Indicators

The following indicators are shown by panel key operation.

#235.tif

SHIFT

Indicates when the

SHIFT

key is pressed. Pressing again goes

off.

Indicates key lock state (red), and remote state by GP-IB/RS232C (yellow).

HOLD

Indicates the displays are held.

PEAK

Indicates the peak hold function is active.

TOTAL

STIME

Indicates during real time control. A blue display indicates

Indicates total value after time averaging.

standby during real-time control, and a yellow display indicates within setting time.

INTEG

Indicates integration or operation by time controls.

A yellow display indicates that operation is in progress, and a blue display indicates during waiting.

Indicates the output method is set to FDD.

PRI

Indicates the output method is set to printer. A yellow display indicates normal and a red display indicates there is no paper or printer lever is head-up.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

2.3 Indicators

Page 36

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

2.4 Peak Over Indication

If the input voltage or current waveform peak exceeds six times the range value, a "PEAK" indication appears. These indications appear on the screen below the channel number, the voltage indication on the left and the current indication on the right, so that even a "PEAK" state can be detected even for channels not currently displayed. For example, the following indications mean that the current on channel 4 and the voltage on channel 6 have peak values exceeding six times the range value.

#236.tif

Indicates when voltage or current

Current on channel 4 has peak values exceeding six times the range value

Voltage on channel 6 has peak values exceeding six times the range value

for any channels has peak values.

NOTE

These indications are only valid within the range of the maximum input voltage and current for each input unit.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

2.4 Peak Over Indication

Page 37

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Chapter 3

Preparation for Measurement

3.1 Notes on Use

DANGE R

Always connect the powermeter input (including current sensor) to

the secondary side of the breaker. On the secondary side of a breaker, even if the lines are shorted the breaker can trip and prevent an accident. On the primary side, however, the current capacity may be large, and in the event of a short-circuit there may be a serious accident.

Once the connections are made, do not touch the input terminals,

and the voltage and current transformers. There are exposed live parts, and a danger of electric shock or serious accident.

Check that the terminals are tightened securely. If the connections

should become detached, there is a danger of a short-circuit or electric shock accident. Additionally, if the connections are not properly tightened, the contact resistance increases, which may lead to the generation of heat, or fire.

The maximum input voltage and current for this unit depend on the

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.1 Notes on Use

Page 38

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

WARNING

CAUTION

In order to prevent electric shock and short-circuit accidents, shut

off the power to the line to be measured before connecting the direct connection voltage and current cables to the terminals.

Be sure to connect the voltage input terminals, current input terminals

correctly. Measurement which is attempted with the wiring connected incorrectly may cause damage to the unit or a short-circuit.

To avoid electrical accidents and to maintain the safety

specifications of this instrument, connect the power cord provided only to a 3-contact (two-conductor + ground) outlet.

When using an external voltage transformer, do not leave the

secondary side short-circuited. If a voltage is applied to the primary while the secondary is short-circuited, a high current will flow through the secondary, which could lead to fire or malfunction.

When using an external current transformer, do not leave the

secondary side open-circuit. If a current flows through the primary while the secondary is open-circuit, this can generate a high voltage on the secondary, which is extremely dangerous.

・ To avoid electrical accidents, use wiring with more than adequate

current carrying capacity and voltage insulation properties.

・ When the power is turned off, do not apply voltage or current to the

voltage input terminal, current input terminal, or clamp sensor. Doing so may damage the unit.

NOTE

･ For 3P3W, 3V3A measurement, the active power values for each channel are

found from the voltages between lines and the currents on each line, and have no individual significance.

･ If the maximum values of the voltage or current on the lines being measured

exceed the measurement range of this unit, use an external voltage transformer (PT) or current transformer (CT). In this case, by setting the corresponding PT and CT ratios with the scaling function of this unit, you can directly read off the measured values. See Section 4.5, "Setting the Scaling."

･ For combinations 1P3W and above, there are restrictions on the

combinations of input units. See Section 4.1, "Setting the Wiring Mode."

･ When using an external voltage transformer (PT) or current transformer

(CT), its precision, phase accuracy, frequency characteristics, and so on, may greatly affect the error in the measured power value. Use transformers with adequate frequency characteristics and small phase error for the frequency band of the line being measured.

･ When using a voltage transformer (PT) or current transformer (CT), ground

one side of the secondary for safety.

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3.1 Notes on Use

Page 39

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Pre-Measurement Inspection

Before using the instrument the first time, verify that it operates normally to ensure that the no damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you find any damage, contact your dealer or Hioki representative.

Peripheral Device Inspection

Inspect the voltage measurement cables or connection cables.

Is the insulation of the voltage measurement cables or connection cables to be used dameged, or is bare metal exposed?

Inspect the current sensors

Is a sensor cracked or damaged?

Is the insulation of the any cable to be used dameged, or is bare metal exposed?

No Metal Exposed

Inspection complete

Metal Exposed

Yes

Metal Exposed

Do not use if damage is present, as you could receive an electric　shock. Replace the damaged　 items.

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3.1 Notes on Use

Page 40

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.2 Basic Operating Procedure

Check that the line to be measured is shut off, and

測定対象のラインが遮断されていることを確認、

check that this unit is powered off and the power

および本器の電源が OFF され電源コードを抜いて

cord disconnected from the outlet.

あることを確認する

Connect the power cord to the 3P-outlet.

Turn the power on.

(Warming-up 1 hour or more

When using the 9600 or 9602, carry out degaussing after warming-up.)

Make a connections.

See Section 3.4, 3.5.

Check there is no short circuit

Set the connection mode.

Set the display item.

Set the measurement range.

Set the each items.

Check the connection of line being measured again,

and turn on the power line.

Start the measurement.

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3.2 Basic Operating Procedure

Page 41

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.3 Powering On

WARNING

Before turning on the power, make sure that the voltage of the power

CAUTION

To avoid electrical accidents and to maintain the safety

specifications of this instrument, connect the power cord provided only to a 3-contact (two-conductor + ground) outlet.

The power switch has a microgap construction, and it is therefore

・ Should the unit emit smoke, or a strange smell or strange sound,

・ When the power is turned off, do not apply voltage or current to the

voltage input terminal, current input terminal, or clamp sensor. Doing so may damage the unit.

1. Confirm that the voltage of the power supply being used matches the supply voltage indicated on the rear panel of the unit.

2. Confirm that the power switch on the front panel is off.

3. Connect the supplied power cord to the AC inlet on the rear pane.

4. Connect the power cord to a grounded three-pin outlet. If no grounded outlet is available, use the supplied ground adapter.

5. Turn on the power switch on the front panel.

6. The unit starts the self-test. It is completed after about 10 seconds.

Self-Test

In the self test, the following tests are carried out, then after about 10 seconds the measurement screen automatically appears.

・Unit version ・Installed options ・RAM check

NOTE

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

If there is a problem in the settings, this screen remains displayed and the unit stops. If this happens again after powering off and on, the unit has developed a fault. Stop measurement, and shut off the line being measured, then power off the unit. Disconnect the test wiring and the power cord. Contact your

HIOKI

service representative for repair.

3.3 Powering On

Page 42

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.4 Connecting the Direct Input Unit

The following diagrams show the connections in various modes when using the 9600

AC/DC DIRECT INPUT UNIT

and 9601

■ Single-phase two wires (1P2W) i: 1 to 6

Source

Load

Source

Load

AC DIRECT INPUT UNIT

Source

Load

Channel (i)

transformers (PT, CT)

Channel (i)

Connecting the measured

line directly to the unit

Channel (i)

Using the current

transformer (CT)

Using the voltage and current

■ Single-phase three wires (1P3W) i: 1, 3, 4, 5

Source

Load

Source Load

CT PT

Channel (i+1)

Connecting the measured

line directly to the unit

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.4 Connecting the Direct Input Unit

Channel (i)

Channel (i+1)

Using the current

transformer (CT)

Channel (i)

Channel (i+1)

Channel (i)

Using the voltage and current

transformers (PT, CT)

Page 43

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

■ Three-phase three wires (3P3W)

Source R S T

Channel (i+1)

Channel (i)

Load

Source

Connecting the measured

line directly to the unit

■ Three-phase three wires (3V3A)

Source R

S T

Load

Source

Channel (i+1)

Using the current

transformer (CT)

Channel (i)

Load

Source

Channel (i+1)

CT PT

Channel (i)

Using the voltage and current

transformers (PT, CT)

Source

i: 1, 3, 4, 5

Load

R S T

i: 1, 4

Load

R S T

Channel

(i+2)

Channel

(i+1)

Channel

(i)

Connecting the measured

line directly to the unit

■ Three-phase four wires (3P4W)

Source R

S T N

Channel

(i+2)

Channel

(i+1)

Channel

Load

(i)

Source

Connecting the measured

line directly to the unit

Channel

(i+2)

Channel

Using the current

transformer (CT)

Channel

(i+2)

CT CT

Channel

Using the current

transformer (CT)

(i+1)

Channel

(i)

Load

(i)

CT CT

Channel

(i+2)

Channel

(i+1)

Using the voltage and current

transformers (PT, CT)

Source

PT PT

Channel

(i+2)

CT CT

Channel

(i+1)

Using the voltage and current

transformers (PT, CT)

Channel

(i)

i: 1, 4

Load

Channel

(i)

R S

T N

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3.4 Connecting the Direct Input Unit

Page 44

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.5 Connecting the Clamp Input Unit

The following diagrams show the connections in various modes when using the 9602

AC/DC CLAMP INPUT UNIT

Single-phase two wires (1P2W)

Source Load

SENSOR

Channel (i)

i: 1 to 6

Three-phase three wires (3P3W)

Source

R S T

Single-phase three wires (1P3W)

Source Load

SENSOR

Channel (i+1)

SENSOR

Channel (i)

Three-phase three wires (3V3A)

Source

Load

i: 1, 3, 4, 5

Load

R S T

SENSOR

Channel (i+1)

SENSOR

Channel (i)

i: 1, 3, 4, 5

Three-phase four wires (3P4W)

Source

R S T N

SENSOR

Channel (i+2)

SENSOR

Channel (i+1)

SENSOR

Channel (i)

Load

i: 1, 4

SENSOR

Channel (i+2)

R S T N

SENSOR

Channel (i+1)

SENSOR

Channel (i)

i: 1, 4

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3.5 Connecting the Clamp Input Unit

Page 45

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3.6 Measurement Losses

This unit is designed to have low measurement losses, and an extremely small effect on the power measurement values, but the following variant connection methods may be used to further reduce the effect of measurement losses.

(1) When the voltage input is connected to the power supply side, the

measurement includes losses from the input resistance of the current input terminals, but this yields the minimum measurement losses when the measured voltage is high and the measured current is low.

Source

Load

Source Load

Input resistance on

the current side

Input resistance on the voltage side

(2) When the current input is connected to the power supply side, the

measurement includes losses from the input resistance of the voltage input terminals, but this yields the minimum measurement losses when the measured voltage and measured current is low.

Source

Load

Input resistance on

the current side

Source Load

Input resistance on

the voltage side

NOTE

When using a clamp-on input unit as the current sensor, the measurement losses of the current sensor can be ignored, so method (1) above should be used.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.6 Measurement Losses

Page 46

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.7 Error Messages

"Integration in progress (press START/STOP key to stop)." "Integration on standby (press SHIFT + START keys to reset)." "Reset not possible while integration in progress."

"Time averaging is on."

Operation

Floppy

"Stop time has passed, so real-time control is turned off." "Output in progress." "Hold function operating." "Peak hold function operating." "Program load failed."

"Disk access error" "File cannot be opened" "Save failed" "Load failed" "Formatting failed" "File names may not include spaces." "Disk is write-protected" "Disk full"

Printer

"Printer: head temperature error." "Printer: motor drive voltage error." "Printer: head is up." "Printer: no paper."

If an error message appears when the instrument is turned ON, the unit has malfunctioned. Please contact your local distributor for further assistance.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.7 Error Messages

Page 47

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3.8 System Reset

To reset settings to the initial factory settings, there are following two methods.

・Whenpoweringoff

Turn the power on pressing the

・ On the STATUS screen

1. Press the

2. Using the press the

3. Pressing

STATUS

CURSOR

RESET

(

YES

(

key to display the

keys, move the cursor to "SYSTEM RESET", and

)key.

) carries out system reset.

All settings are reset to the following their initial factory settings.

SHIFT

key until beep sounds.

SYSTEM

screen.

Connection mode 1P2W (all channels) Coupling mode Voltage range Current range PT/CT/SC ratios

LPF phF Peak Response MID Average OFF, averaging t ime: 8 Interval time Timer Real time control Output type Output item ON (all items) Direction of printing Forward Screen save color Monochrome D/A output Frequency

measurement Frequency range Interface GP-IB, address: 1

AC (all channels) AUTO, RMS (all channels) AUTO, RMS (all channels) OFF (all channels) initial

value: 1 OFF (all channels) OFF (all channels) U (all channels)

OFF, initial value: 0h1m00s OFF, initial value: 0h1m00s OFF OFF

all U1 all U1forfa, fb, fc

all AUTO

Display color Normal Backlight Calculation

expression (S,Q) Beep sound ON Out of range input Language Real time Zero suppress

function (Integration) Efficiency screen on

STATUS External input

screen on STATUS Magnification display

for channel 1 to 6 on MEAS

Details display for channel 1 to 6 on MEAS

4 items display on MEAS

8 items display on MEAS

16 items display on MEAS

OFF TYPE1

OFF JAPANESE Current time

0.5%

P1 both denominator and numerator for

Channels A and B: 10 V range, scaling: 1, unit:V

U / I / P /

U / I / P /|Up|/S / Q /

U1/I1/P1/λ1

U1/I1/P1/S1/Q1/λ1/φ1/Pk1

both left and right

η1,η2,η

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.8 System Reset

Page 48

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3.9 Operations During Power Failure

CAUTION

・ In the DC and AC+DC modes, after the power is restored, an offset

due to the circuit design may be output. In some cases the data may be invalid.

・ When the unit is powered off as a result of a power failure, continuing

to input voltage and current may damage the unit.

Screen display The screen display goes blank, and after power restoring redisplays the

screen. However, the

STATUSorFDD

screen is displayed before power failure,

the MEAS screen for channel 1 is redisplayed.

Measuremen

data

If the display data was being held when power was lost, all of the data that was being held is not retained.

Integration data ・ Manual integration

A power failure is treated as a zero input and zero elapsed time; after the power is restored integration restarts.

・ Timer integration

A power failure is treated as a zero input and zero elapsed time; after the power is restored integration restarts, and stops when the timer time has elapsed.

・ Real-time control integration

If the power failure starts and ends while the unit remains on standby, there is no effect.

If a power failure starts while the unit is on standby, and ends after the set start time, integration starts from the time when the power is restored. In this case the interval from the set start time until the power is restored is treated as a zero input. The elapsed time is shorter than time from start to stop.

A power failure during integration operation is treated in the same way as for timer integration.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.9 Operations During Power Failure

Page 49

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Floppy disk drive ・ When automatic output is selected (only 3193) After the power is restored, a character string indicating that there was a

power failure is output. (time of power failure and restoring)

・ Power failure during saving

The data being saved is invalid. In the worst case there is a possibility of the file itself being corrupted.

・ Power failure during loading

The setting is invalid. The system reset should be carried out. Turn on the power pressing the

SHIFT

key.

Printer ・ During manual printing

After power is restored, the printing is not started. Restart the printing.

・ During automatic output and before stop time the power is restored

After power is restored, the time when the power failure occurs and the power is restored are printed and then printing is restarted.

・ During automatic output and after stop time the power is restored

After power is restored, the time when the power failure occurs and the power is restored are printed and then operation stops.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.9 Operations During Power Failure

Page 50

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

3.9 Operations During Power Failure

Page 51

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Chapter 4

Setting and Using the Basic

Functions

4.1 Setting the Wiring Mode (1P2W to 3P4W)

This unit can have up to six input unit channels, allowing a single unit to measure anything from six 1P2W lines to two 3P4W systems. The connection mode of each channel also appears on the screen as shown below.

41-1.tif

Wiring mode 1P3W 3P3W 3V3A 3P4W

Set the line to be measured under " channel combinations set here determine the screen configuration.

UNIT

" on the STATUS screen. The

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.1 Setting the Wiring Mode (1P2W to 3P4W)

Page 52

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

UNIT

WIRING

UNIT Page

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the

WIRING

3. Press

CURSOR

" item.

(

SELECT

key, then use the

UNIT

"page.

keys, move the cursor to the

) to switch to the connection

PAGE

( )

setting screen.

4. In the Wiring screen, a list of the installed input units appears. Move the cursor to the desired combination to be selected.

Wiring Screen

UNIT Page

##41-2.tif

-3

-4

5. Press

SET

(

) to confirm. This automatically

returns to the previous screen.

6. When a number of channels are combined, move the cursor to the wiring item. When using two channels, select from

3V3A

(

3P3W

(

), and for three channels select from

)and

MEAS

key to return to the measurement

3P4W

(

and

7. Press the

1P3W

(

screen, where measurement is now possible.

NOTE

On the Wiring screen, if the combination is not changed and then may be initialized. Pressing the

is pressed, the setting items

PAGE

key to exit

from the screen does not initialize the items.

)

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.1 Setting the Wiring Mode (1P2W to 3P4W)

Page 53

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

NOTE

Measurement line Mode Display item

Single-phase two-wire (1φ2W)

･ It is only possible to select from the combinations shown in the connection

setting screen. For combinations 1P3W and above, adjacent units must be of the same type.

Channels

1 2 3 4 5 6

① 1P2W 1P2W 1P2W 1P2W 1P2W 1P2W

② 1P3W / 3P3W 1P2W 1P2W 1P2W 1P2W

③ 1P3W / 3P3W 1P3W / 3P3W 1P2W 1P2W

④ 1P3W / 3P3W 1P3W / 3P3W 1P3W / 3P3W

⑤ 3V3A / 3P4W 1P2W 1P2W 1P2W

⑥ 3V3A / 3P4W 1P3W / 3P3W 1P2W

⑦ 3V3A / 3P4W 3V3A / 3P4W

･ When using the 9602

same current sensor type can be selected. In other cases, all are set to 1P2W.

･ When using the 9602

configuration is changed (including with the sensor not connected), and the unit is then powered on, "Resetting due to configuration change." is displayed. Pressing reset and settings remain unchanged, but the display value for current may be changed. Return the configuration settings and power on again. The message is not displayed.

･ When using clamp-on units, if the sensor rating is changed and the unit is

then powered on, in the 1P2W mode the CT ratio within the unit is automatically set accordingly. For combinations 1P3W and above, if other channels in the combination have different ratings the combination is disabled for measurement.

･ The display items in the various modes are as follows.

1P2W U, I, P, Q, S, λ/φ, |Up|/|Ip|

AC/DC CLAMP INPUT UNIT

(YES)

resets settings. Pressing

, only a combination of the

, if the sensor

(NO)

does not

Single-phase three-wire (1φ3W)

Three-phase three-wire (3φ3W)

Three-phase four-wire (3φ4W)

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

1P3W (channels 1+2)

3P3W (2 voltages, 2 currents, 2 power meters method) (channels 1+2)

3V3A (3 voltages, 3 currents, 2 power meters method) (channels 1+2+3)

3P4W (channels 1+2+3)

・Although the display will show for each channel 3P3W or 3V3A the active

power (P1, P2 and P3), reactive power (Q1, Q2 and Q3), apparent power (S1, S2 and S3), power factor (

and

3), please be aware that these figures have no meaning.

･ Power factor (λ) and phase angle (φ) are not be displayed simultaneously. ･ The measurement values for three-phase three-wire in 3P3W and 3V3A mode

are same because of same measurement method.

U1, U2, U12, I1, I2, I12, P1, P2, P12, Q1, Q2, Q12, S1, S2, S12, λ1/φ1, λ2/φ2, λ12/φ12, |U1p|/|I1p|, |U2p|/|I2p|

U1, U2, U12, I1, I2, I12, P12, Q12, S12, λ12/φ12, |U1p|/|I1p|, |U2p|/|I2p|

U1, U2, U3, U123, I1, I2, I3, I123, P123, Q123, S123, λ123/φ123, |U1p|/|I1p|, |U2p|/|I2p|, |U3p|/|I3p|

U1, U2, U3, U123, I1, I2, I3, I123, P1, P2, P3, P123, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q123, S1, S2, S3, S123, λ1/φ1, λ2/φ2, λ3/φ3, λ123/φ123, |U1p|/|I1p|, |U2p|/|I2p|, |U3p|/|I3p|

λ1,λ

2 and

4.1 Setting the Wiring Mode (1P2W to 3P4W)

3), and phase angle (

φ1,φ

Page 54

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.2 Setting the Coupling Mode (DC/AC+DC/AC)

UNIT

SHIFT

COUPLING

Coupling mode DC AC+DC AC

42-1.tif

##42-2.tif -3

The coupling mode can be selected according to the measurement being performed.

Switching using the panel keys

CURSOR

DC → AC+DC → AC

1. Switch to display the channel for which you wish to change the setting.

2. Press the

SHIFT

key, then use the

CURSOR

change. Pressing the

CURSOR

key switches connection

mode.

Switching on the STATUS screen

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Select mode from

key, then use the

UNIT

"page.

PAGE

( )

key to

F1 F2 F3

NOTE

･ The voltage and current for a single channel and for combinations of 1P3W

and above are forced to the same settings. In this case the setting for the lowest-numbered channel is used.

･ When DC mode is selected, the polarity is displayed for the voltage and

current.

･ In DC mode, reactive power (Q), power factor (λ), and phase angle (φ) are

displayed but they are meaningless.

･ For DC mode, the active power (P) is displayed as a calculated AC+DC

value. For this reason, if there is a superimposed AC waveform the value may not agree with the U×I calculation.

･ When AC+DC or AC mode is selected, the display values of voltage and

current are always positive values.

･ When using the 9601 AC DIRECT INPUT UNIT or AC current sensor for the

9602 AC/DC CLAMP INPUT UNIT, DC or AC+DC mode cannot be selected.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.2 Setting the Coupling Mode (DC/AC+DC/AC)

Page 55

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.3 Switching the Voltage Range and Current Range

When the voltage range and current range is displayed on the screen for each channel, it is also possible to change the ranges directly with the panel keys. This is also possible from the STATUS screen in the "

43-1.tif

Voltage range

43-2.tif

Effective input range

The effective input range is 5% to 110% of range. (for the 9600 and 9601, 5% to 100% for 1 kV range only, for the 9602, 5% to 100% for 600 V range only)

UNIT

" display.

Current range

Display range

The value which can be displayed is up to 130% of range. If the value exceeds this range, "o.r" is displayed.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.3 Switching the Voltage Range and Current Range

Page 56

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Switching the range on each channel screen.

RANGE

1. Switch to display the channel for which you wish to change the setting.

2. Hold down the panel

RANGE

(+,-) key until the

desired setting range is displayed.

6V⇔ 15 V ⇔ 30 V ⇔ 60 V ⇔ 150 V ⇔ 300 V ⇔ 600 V ⇔ 1kV

UNIT

URANGE

F1 F2 F5

NOTE

･ For channel combinations of 1P3W and above, the channels are forced to the

same range. In this case the range for the lowest-numbered channel is used for all of the channels.

･ The auto ranging function switches up a range when a measurement value

exceeds 110% of measurement range (out-of-range) or when a waveform peak exceeds six times the range value (peak over), and switches down a range when the value is less than 30% of the nominal range. When measuring a distorted waveform the range selection may not be stable. In this case use manual range setting.

･ When the integration function time average has started, auto ranging is

disabled, and the range remains fixed from that point.

3. To set auto ranging, hold down the panel

RANGE

(+) key or press both (+,-) keys simultaneously.

4. To cancel auto ranging, press either of the+and keys.

Switching on the STATUS screen

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the

STATUS

CURSOR

key, then use the

UNIT

keys, move the cursor to the

channel to be changed of the "

RANGE

3. Select range from

4. Press the

" item.

(↓; range down).

MEAS

(AUTO)

key to return to the measurement

"page.

PAGE

U RANGE

( )

"or"

(↑; range up),

screen.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.3 Switching the Voltage Range and Current Range

Page 57

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.4 Effective Value (RMS) or Mean Rectified Value

(MEAN) Selection

For voltage and current measurement, this unit has two different rectification circuits, which can be selected according to the signal being measured.

SHIFT

44-2.tif

UNIT

RMS/MEAN

RANGE

44-1.tif

Switching for each channels on MEAS screen

・To switch the voltage, press the

then press the+key on the U side.

・To switch the current, press the

then press the+key on the I side.

Switching on the STATUS screen

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the channel to be changed of the "U"or"I" item.

3. Select

4. Press the screen.

STATUS

CURSOR

MEAS

(RMS)

key, then use the

"page.

UNIT

keys, move the cursor to the

(MEAN)

key to return to the measurement

SHIFT

key, and

PAGE

( )

F1 F2

NOTE

･ Display of "RMS" or "MEAN" following the unit RMS and MEAN values

are distinguished by displaying "RMS" or "MEAN" following the unit, as appropirate. However, these labels do not appear in the DC mode.

･ The formulas for RMS and MEAN calculation depend on the option. ･ For channel combinations of 1P3W and above, the channels are forced to the

same rectification method, but distinct settings can be made for voltage and current.

･ The RMS and MEAN values agree when the input is a perfect sine wave,

but do not agree for a distorted waveform.

･ Whichever of RMS and MEAN is selected, this has no effect on the active

power (P), but does affect the internally derived apparent power (S), reactive power (Q), power factor (λ), and phase angle (φ).

･ In DC mode the RMS/MEAN selection is not available.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.4 Effective Value (RMS) or Mean Rectified Value (MEAN) Selection

Page 58

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.5 Setting the Scaling (PT/CT/SC Ratios)

This is used for setting the ratio (PT ratio or CT ratio) when using an external voltage transformer (PT) or current transformer (CT), and the scaling factor (SC ratio) for conversion of the active power to other physical units. When a PT ratio, CT ratio, or SC ratio is set for a particular channel, on the measurement screen this appears as "SC". The ranges which can be set are as shown below.

Scaling operation

PT CT SC

46-1.tif

Scaling constant

PT ratio (Kp) CT ratio (Kc)

SC (

Ksc

)

UNIT

Display Setting range

PT 0.0001 to 10000.

CT 0.0001 to 10000.

SC 0.0001 to 10000.

Function Equation

Voltage Current

Active power Apparent power

Reactive power Integrated current

Integrated voltage

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the

CURSOR

I P S

key, then use the

UNIT

"page.

keys, move the cursor to the

U×Kp

I×Kc

P×Kp×Kc×Ksc

S×Kp×Kc×Ksc

Q×Kp×Kc×Ksc

Ih×Kc

WP×Kp×Kc×Ksc

PAGE

desired channel of the PT, CT or SC item.

3. Set the numerical value 0 to 9 by using up), by using use the

(↓; down), and move the decimal point

CURSOR

(←.),

keys.

(.→). To move the digit,

( )

(↑;

4. Press the

MEAS

key to return to the measurement

screen.

46-2.tif

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.5 Setting the Scaling (PT/CT/SC Ratios)

Page 59

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

NOTE

･ For channel combinations of 1P3W and above, the PT ratio, CT ratio, or SC

ratio must be the same for all channels in the combination.

･ When the channel identifies a CT6862, CT ratio of the channel is set to 2.5,

as default. In this state, the current ranges are configured and the measured values can be read off directly.

Display ranges:「1.25(A) / 2.5A / 5A / 12.5(A) / 25A / 50A」

The default CT ratio is changeable. If you want to change this, please set the value calculated by the formula: (your desired CT ratio x 2.5). For example, when you want to set 40 as CT ratio, please set 100(=40 x 2.5). When CT ratio other than 2.5 (including OFF) is being set, the current ranges to be displayed are below.

Display ranges:「0.5A / 1A / 2A / 5A / 10A / 20A」

The actual current range configuration with the CT ratio other than 2.5 can be calculated by multiplying the set CT ratio by each of 0.5A, 1A, 2A, 5A, 10A, 20A.

･ When a CT6865 is used, please set it to CT ratio 2.

The display ranges are [10A/20A/50A/100A/200A/500A], but the range structure is actually configured to be double the CT ratio after internal computation.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.5 Setting the Scaling (PT/CT/SC Ratios)

Page 60

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.6 Setting the Low-pass Filter (LPF)

The input units of the 3193 are provided with a low-pass filter function for restricting the frequency characteristics. By using an appropriate filter selection it is possible to eliminate harmonics.

Low-pass filter operation

47-1.tif CHANGE

UNIT

NOTE

Depending on using the input units, the low-pass filter (LPF) may not be selected. The frequency range of accuracy assured varies. For details, see the specifications of the input units.

CURSOR

SHIFT

OFF → 500 Hz→ 5 kHz → 300 kHz

LPF

Switching using the panel keys

1. Switch to display the channel for which you wish to change the setting.

2. Press the

SHIFT

key, then use the

CURSOR

key to change. Pressing the

CURSOR

key switches low-pass

filter.

Switching on the STATUS screen

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the channel to be changed of "

STATUS

CURSOR

key, then use the

UNIT

"page.

keys, move the cursor to the

LPF

3. Select desired low-pass filter from

500 Hz

(

5 kHz

(

300 kHz

(

" item.

PAGE

( )

(OFF)

4. Press the

MEAS

key to return to the measurement

screen.

F1 F2 F3 F4

47-3.tif 47-2.tif

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.6 Setting the Low-pass Filter (LPF)

Page 61

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.7 Setting the Phase Polarity Discrimination Filter

For distorted waveforms such as inverter waveforms, the reactive power (Q), power factor (λ), and phase angle (φ) phase angle polarity may not be stable. In this case, by setting the phase polarity discrimination filter to "ON" stable polarity measurements can be taken.

Phase polarity discrimination

48-1.tif

filter operation

UNIT

F1 F2

NOTE

phF

1. Press the

STATUS

key, then use the

keys to display the "

2. Using the

CURSOR

keys, move the cursor to the

channel to be changed of "

3. Select

4. Press the

(OFF)

MEAS

key to return to the measurement

UNIT

"page.

phF

(ON).

PAGE

" item.

screen.

48-2.tif

･ This is valid when the calculation formula for reactive power (Q)and

apparent power (S) is set to "

TYPE2

"or"

TYPE3

" the ON/OFF setting of phF has no effect.

･ This has no effect on voltage (U), current (I), active power (P), or apparent

power (S).

･ For channel combinations of 1P3W and above, the channels are forced to the

same setting.

･ The filter cut-off frequency is 200 Hz, and therefore depending on the

frequency components of distorted waveforms, in some cases stabilization may not be possible.

･ When the frequency of measurement waveform is 200 Hz or above, set to

OFF.

･ When using averaging function, the polarity is not displayed. ･ When the input signal level is 50% or less of the range, the polarity may not

be discriminated appropriately.

TYPE1

." When the calculation formula is set to

( )

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.7 Setting the Phase Polarity Discrimination Filter

Page 62

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.8 Switching the Waveform Peak Value

The waveform peak value measurement can be set to voltage waveform (|Up(i)|) or current waveform (|Ip(i)|)

UNIT

F1 F2

NOTE

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the

STATUS

CURSOR

key, then use the

UNIT

keys, move the "

the desired input unit and press

"page.

PAGE

Peak

" item of

(I)or

(U).

Peak

420-1.tif

･ For any one input unit, it is not possible to measure the voltage peak value

and current peak value simultaneously.

･ The peak value is given as an absolute value, and it is not possible to

determine the sign.

･ The averaging function has no effect on peak value measurement. ･ When measuring a waveform with a superimposed DC component in AC

mode, the peak value of the AC waveform is found after the DC component has been eliminated.

･ When a low-pass filter is activated, the peak value is found after the

waveform has passed through the filter.

･ For the operation principle of peak value measurement and specifications,

see specifications of input units.

( )

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.8 Switching the Waveform Peak Value

Page 63

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.9 Setting the Response (FAST/MID/SLOW)

There are three settings for the response time of analog outputs from this unit: FAST, MID, and SLOW. For measurement of a normal commercial power supply, the FAST setting is adequate, but is the frequency is low or there are sudden fluctuations, setting the response to MID or SLOW makes the display more stable.

49-1.tif

Response display FAST MID SLOW

Switching using the panel keys

SHIFT

TIME

RESPONSE

F1 F2 F3

CURSOR

1. Switch to display the channel for which you wish to change the setting.

2. Press the

SHIFT

key, then use the

CURSOR

▲ key to

change. Pressing the

CURSOR

▲ key switches response

mode.

Switching on the STATUS screen

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the

RESPONSE

3. Select

4. Press the

CURSOR

" item.

MEAS

(FAST)

key, then use the

TIME

"page.

keys, move the cursor to the

(MID)

key to return to the measurement

PAGE

( )

(SLOW)

screen.

49-2.tif

CHANGE

NOTE

･ The response setting applies to all channels together. It is not possible to

make separate settings for each channel.

･ The display refresh rate does not depend on the response setting. ･ The response setting does not affect a channel for which the DC mode is

selected.

･ If the display is unstable even with the SLOW setting, use the averaging

function as well.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.9 Setting the Response (FAST/MID/SLOW)

Page 64

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.10 Setting the Averaging

(Time averaging/Moving averaging/Exponential averaging)

This unit provides three averaging functions. The time average outputs the average over a fixed time interval, and the moving average and exponential average provide values which reflect the previous values.

Averaging display

NOTE

AV-T

AV-M

AV-E

Time averaging

Moving averaging

Exponential averaging

･ This setting applies to all channels together. It is not possible to make

separate settings for each channel.

･ This function does not affect the harmonic analysis/flicker function. ･ The D/A outputs give the values obtained by averaging. ･ Waveform peak measurement values are not averaged. ･ If [TYPE1] is selected as the calculation type while using averaging (time

averaging, moving averaging, or indexed averaging), the "si" and "su" polarities for each channel are calculated as +1.

･ Calculation is performed 16 times per second.

(1) Setting the Time Average (AV-T)

The time average function sequentially sums the data values obtained during the time interval (interval control time, timer control time, or real-time control time), and divides by the number of samples. This can be used, for example, while integrating at particular intervals, to output the average of some other measurement value during those intervals.

ΣZn Display value = Nn

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.10 Setting the Averaging

―――

Zn: nth measured data Nn: number of storing during setting time

Page 65

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

TIME

AVE TIME

F1 F2 F3 F4

10-3.TIF #CHANGE

NOTE

･ The time average requires a setting of an interval control time, timer control

time, or real-time control time.

･ Operation with the START/STOP key also affects integration. Therefore,

after completion of averaging or following forced termination, press the SHIFT key, then press the START/STOP key to reset integration.

･ When used in conjunction with a timer control time or real-time control

time, when the set time elapses the overall average value is displayed and held, which the unit stops. When this hold state is ended, the unit returns to normal measurement.

･ For the time average function, floppy disk and printer settings are also

synchronized in the same way.

･ During the time average function operation, it is not possible to change

settings.

･ If an interval control time is set and the

updated each time the interval elapses.

･ During the averaging operation, if an out-of-range data value is included, the

unit indication is red.

･ No polarity is shown for time averaging when [TYPE1] is selected as the

calculation type for reactive power (Q).

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the "

AVERAGING

3. Press

CURSOR

" item.

(

ave time

key, then use the

" (time control) page.

TIME

PAGE

( )

keys, move the cursor to the

4. Select desired time setting from interval time, timer time, real control time. See Section 7.2.

5. Press the

MEAS

screen. Pressing the

key to return to the measurement

START/STOP

key starts

averaging.

6. To return to the normal measurement, release the hold state, because the operation stops in hold state ("HOLD" indicates) when the time averaging is completed. When used together with the interval time, the hold value is the average within the final interval time. To switch display to the total average, press the

HOLD

key. The TOTAL mark

appears during display of the total average.

7. To complete forcibly, press the

START/STOP

key

again.

HOLD

key is pressed, the display is

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.10 Setting the Averaging

Page 66

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

(2) Setting the Moving Average (AV-M)

The moving average function displays a simple average calculated by summing the measurement values from the beginning of averaging, and dividing by the number of samples, until the specified number of samples. From that point on it discards the oldest data value as each new value is added, thus yielding a simple average over the most recent specified number of samples.

TIME

Z Display value =

――――――――――――――

(n-N-1)

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the

AVERAGING

MOVING AVE

3. Press

(n-N-2)

+...+ Zn

STATUS

CURSOR

" item.

Moving ave

(

Zn: nth measured data N: number of setting samples

key, then use the

TIME

" (time control) page.

keys, move the cursor to the

4. Move the cursor to the specified number of sampling item on the right, and set the number of sampling using the function key.

5. Press the

MEAS

key to return to the measurement

screen, and averaging starts.

PAGE

( )

F1 F2 F3 F4

NOTE

This has no connection with any time settings.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.10 Setting the Averaging

Page 67

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

(3) Setting the Exponential Average (AV-E)

The exponential average provides a average of the previous values, but weighted toward the latest value. The effect of previous values thus diminishes exponentially.

(N-1) A Display value = ――――――― N

TIME

EXPONENTIAL

F1 F2 F3 F4

NOTE

This has no connection with any time settings.

+Zn

n-1

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the

AVERAGING

3. Press

Zn: nth measured data

: n-1 th dis play value

n-1

N: constant setting

STATUS

CURSOR

key, then use the

TIME

keys, move the cursor to the

" item.

Exponential

(

PAGE

" (time control) page.

4. Move the cursor to the specified number of sampling item on the right, and set the constant value using the function key.

5. Press the

MEAS

key to return to the measurement

screen, and averaging starts.

( )

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.10 Setting the Averaging

Page 68

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.11 Setting on the MEAS Screen

4.11.1 Setting the Display Items (for 1 to 6 channels)

For items on "

DETAILS

which measurement items to display. It is also possible to select whether to display the power factor (λ)orphase angle (φ). On the "

419-1.tif -2 -3

F1 F2 F5

" for each channel screens, it is possible to select

MAGNIFY

" screen, up to 4 items can be set.

Display item setting for "DETAILS" display

1. Select the screen of the display item to be cleared and press

2. Using the

(SELECT).

CURSOR

keys, move the cursor to the desired item. To clear the display, press

3. Press

(

RETURN

) to return to the measurement

(OFF)

screen.

Switching power factor/phase angle

1. Select the screen to switched between power factor or phase angle, and press

(SELECT).

F1 F2 F3 F5

2. Using the

CURSOR

keys, move the cursor to the

desired item and select from

(OFF)

(

RETURN

) to return to the measurement

3. Press screen.

(λ),

(φ),

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.11 Setting on the MEAS Screen

Page 69

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Setting items on "MAGNIFY" display

1. Select the magnification display to be set on channel screen, and press

(SELECT).

The item list which can be selected is displayed.

2. Using the desired display and select item from

To clear the setting display press

3. Press

NOTE

On the integration display screen, the integration item cannot be set.

On the magnification display, the integration value cannot be selected.

4.11.2 Setting the SELECT screen

This function allows a desired subset of the measurement values to be selected, and displayed together on the screen. There are three modes: with four, eight, or 16 items displayed. The modes are selected with function keys The following procedure describes how to select a four-item display, and the procedure for eight or 16 items is similar. The method of setting, see Section 4.11.1, "Setting the Display Item."

CURSOR

keys, move the cursor to the

(↓) to decide setting.

(RETURN)

to complete settings.

(OFF).

(↑)or

F1 F2 F3 F5

421-1.tif

NOTE

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

･ In the SELECT screen, the panel key operations for voltage range, current

range, RMS/MEAN selection, and degaussing (DMAG) are disabled. If changes are required, switch to the STATUS "

" display for the relevant

UNIT

channel.

･ On the SELECT screen, only response setting can be made. Set for others on

the STATUS screen or on the display screen for each channels.

･ The integration value can not be selected.

4.11 Setting on the MEAS Screen

Page 70

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12 Setting on the SYSTEM screen

4.12.1 Switching the Interface (GP-IB/RS-232C)

This unit has GP-IB and RS-232C interfaces fitted as standard, and either one can be used as required.

F1 F2

SYSTEM

INTERFACE

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the "

INTERFACE

CURSOR

" item.

key, then use the

SYSTEM

"page.

PAGE

( )

keys, move the cursor to the

413-1.tif CHANGE

3. Select from

4. When "RS-232C" is selected, set the baud rate (2400/9600 bps), data length (7/8 bits), stop bit (STOP1/STOP2), parity (none; PN/ odd:PODD/ even; PEVEN). When "GP-IB" is selected, set address (0 to 30).

5. Press the

MEAS

screen.

(

RS-232C

)or

(

GP-IB

key to return to the measurement

F1 F2

413-2.tif CHANGE

NOTE

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12 Setting on the SYSTEM screen

･ GP-IB and RS-232C interfaces cannot be set simultaneously. ･ For setting the GP-IB and RS-232C, see Chapter 12, "GP-IB and RS-232C

Interface."

Page 71

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12.2 Setting the Display Color

You can select from four patterns for the screen display colors.

SYSTEM

DISP COLOR

F1 F2 F3 F4

423-1.tif CHANGE

4.12.3 Setting the Back Light

The backlighting time of the color LCD panel on the unit can be set. In the absence of any key presses, the backlighting goes off automatically after the specified time has elapsed.

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the

CURSOR

item.

3. Select color from

key, then use the

SYSTEM

"page.

keys, move the "

( )

PAGE

DISP COLOR

F1 F2

NOTE

SYSTEM

BACKLIGHT

･ The time can be set to "OFF" (00 minutes), or from 1 to 99 minutes. ･ The backlighting lifetime is about 50,000 hours. ･ Pressing any key while the backlighting is off turns it on again. This first

1. Press the

416-1.tif 416-2.tif

keys to display the "

2. Using the "

BACKLIGHT

3. Select from

4. Press the screen.

416-1.tif CHANGE

key press is otherwise ignored.

STATUS

CURSOR

" item.

MEAS

key, then use the

SYSTEM

"page.

PAGE

( )

keys, move the cursor to the

(↑)

(↓).

key to return to the measurement

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12 Setting on the SYSTEM screen

Page 72

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12.4 Setting the Equation for Reactive Power (Q)and Apparent Power (S)

This unit provides three different internal ways of computing the reactive power and apparent power. Select whichever is appropriate. See Section 20.3, "Calculations."

SYSTEM

CALCULATION

F1 F2 F3

NOTE

･ For calculation, see Section 20.3, "Calculations" ･ In general, use "

･ The values yielded by the different methods of calculation coincide when the

･ When "

･ The power factor and phase angle are also derived from the selected

･ If [TYPE1] is selected as the calculation tpe while using averaging (time

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the "

CALCULATION

CURSOR

3. Select calculation type from (

4. Press the

TYPE2

MEAS

key, then use the

SYSTEM

"page.

PAGE

( )

keys, move the cursor to the

" item.

(

TYPE3

(TYPE1)

key to return to the measurement

screen.

414-1.tif CHANGE

". Select "

TYPE1

compatibility with previous models.

input is a sine wave on a balanced line, but may be different when there is distortion present or unbalanced line.

" is selected, the reactive power calculation for 1P3W and

TYPE1

above includes the lead/lag of the current with respect to the voltage. The detection of the sign of this lead or lag is carried out by zero-crossing detection on the voltage and current waveforms by the input units. For this reason, stable measurement may not be possible when the waveforms are distorted. In such cases, use a phase polarity discrimination filter (phF) in addition. See Section 4.7.

calculation result.

averaging, moving averaging, or indexed averaging), the "si" and "su" polarities for each channel are calculated as +1.

TYPE2

"or"

" when required for

TYPE3

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12 Setting on the SYSTEM screen

Page 73

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12.5 Setting the Beep Sound

This unit sounds a "beep" each time a key is pressed.

BEEP

SYSTEM

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the

BEEP

3. Select from

4. Press the

STATUS

CURSOR

" item.

MEAS

key, then use the

SYSTEM

keys, move the cursor to the

(OFF)

key to return to the measurement

screen.

F1 F2

415-1.tif

NOTE

When an error occurs, the beep sounds, irrespective of this setting.

4.12.6 Setting Indications for Out-of-Range Inputs

This functions selects whether or not the numerical values appear in a different color when outside the set range.

"page.

(ON).

PAGE

( )

F1 F2

SYSTEM

DEFINED

422-1.tifCHANGE

Only indication of numerical value is faint.

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the

3. Press

NOTE

CURSOR

OFF

(

･ For the out of range input, see the specifications of

each input units.

･ An active power value is treated as out of range

when either of the voltage and current values is out of range.

･ A reactive power (Q), apparent power (S), power

factor (λ), or phase angle (φ) value is treated as out of range when either of the voltage (U), current (I), power (P) values is out of range.

key, then use the

SYSTEM

"page.

keys, move the "

)or

(ON).

PAGE

( )

DEFINED

" item.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12 Setting on the SYSTEM screen

Page 74

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12.7 Setting the Display Language (English/Japanese)

Display messages can be selected to appear in either Japanese or English.

SYSTEM

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the

LANGUAGE

3. Select from

4. Press the

LANGUAGE

screen.

Instead of above procedure, hold down the STATUS

F1 F2

key and turn the power on, the display in English appears.

4.12.8 Setting the Real-time Clock

This sets the internal real-time clock.

SYSTEM

1. Press the keys to display the "

STATUS

CURSOR

key, then use the

SYSTEM

"page.

keys, move the cursor to the

" item.

(JAPANESE)

MEAS

key to return to the measurement

STATUS

key, then use the

SYSTEM

"page.

PAGE

ENGLISH

(

PAGE

( )

REAL TIME CLOCK

F1 F2 F5

418-1.tif CHANGE

NOTE

･ The clock uses 24-hour time. ･ Support until 2078.

(SET)

is not pressed after time is set, the setting time after powering

･ If

off is returned to the previous setting.

2. Using the digit to be set on the right of the "

CLOCK

3. Set the time using

CURSOR

" item.

keys, move the cursor to the

REALTIME

(↑)

(↓).

The settings are completed after the time is set.

4. Press

(SET)

to end setting.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.12 Setting on the SYSTEM screen

Page 75

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.13 Degaussing

When a large DC current or large transient current is measured with the

AC/DC DIRECT INPUT UNIT

9600 the 9602

AC/DC CLAMP INPUT UNIT

magnetized, thus outputting an offset even for a zero input. Use the degaussing function if this occurs, and also before measurement after warming-up.

45-1.tif

or an AC/DC type of current sensor for

, the internal DC-CT may become

NOTE

1. Display the channel screen for which degaussing is desired.

2. Press the

SHIFT

key once, then press the current

range-key.

SHIFT

RANGE

3. A degaussing message appears on the screen. "Will now degauss" Pressing

YES

(

) starts degaussing, and

(NO) does not degauss and the message goes off.

4. The degaussing operation is completed in about 10 seconds.

･ Carry out degaussing when the input current is zero. ･ This function is not available for AC direct input units and AC current

sensors.

･ The specification accuracy applies only after degaussing. ･ The degaussing function operates once after powering on. ･ For channel combinations of 1P3W and above, degaussing takes place

simultaneously for all channels in the combination.

･ In extreme cases, for example, when there is an input of the maximum input

current or above, complete degaussing may not be possible. In this case, power the unit off and on again.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.13 Degaussing

Page 76

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

4.13 Degaussing

Page 77

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Chapter 5

NOTE

Range

Frequency Measurement

This unit has internal circuits for three frequency measurement channels (fa, fb, fc), and can thus measure a number of systems simultaneously. The frequency ranges can be combined with high-pass filters (HPF) and lowpass filters (LPF)

･ Depending on the frequency range and the frequency and distortion of the

waveform, stable measurement may not be possible. In that case, set the range manually.

･ The frequency effective measurement range is within the range of frequency

characteristics of combination input unit.

･ When using the 9603

measurement, this is unconditionally assigned to the 9603 uni t. For details see Chapter 17, "9603

(9603 has no HPF and LPF)

500.00 mHz

to 50.000 Hz

20.00 Hz to

EXTERNAL SIGNAL INPUT UNIT

200.00 Hz to

500.00 Hz

5.0000 kHz

you select pulse

2.0000 kHz to

50.000 kHz

20.000 kHz to

2.0000 MHz

HPF 0.5 Hz 100 Hz 10 kHz

LPF 360 Hz 50 kHz 1.2 MHz

The frequency measurement data is displayed on the lower right of the "DETAILS" page on each channel screen

51.tif

Frequency measurement data

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Page 78

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

5.1 Setting the Frequency Measurement Source (fa)

FREQ/OUTPUT

FREQUENCY

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

NOTE

･ After settings are completed, always press ･ By setting fa to "U1" and fb to "I1", for example, it is not possible to

simultaneously measure the voltage and current waveforms from a single input unit.

1. Press the display the "

2. Using the

STATUS

CURSOR

key, then use the

FREQ/OUTPUT

keys, move the cursor to the

PAGE

"page.

source item of "fa", and the window of settable source opens.

3. Press desired source item, and press

(↑)and

(↓) to move the cursor to

(

SET

For fb, fc, same method

52.TIF CHANGE

(

SET

key to

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

5.1 Setting the Frequency Measurement Source (fa)

Page 79

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

5.2 Setting the Frequency Range(fa)

FREQ/OUTPUT

FREQ RANGE

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

53.tif CHANGE

NOTE

〜ー＞ー

If the measurement is not possible, the following error is displayed. When the input is out of setting frequency range: "o.r." When it is in AUTO range: "-----"

1. Using the

CURSOR

keys, move the cursor to the frequency range item of "fa", and the window of frequency range opens.

2. Press

(↑)and

(↓) to display the desired

range.

0.5 Hz to 50 Hz ⇔ 20 Hz to 500 Hz ⇔ 200 H to 5 kHz ⇔ 2kHzto50kHz⇔ 20 kHz to 2 MHz

Sets fb and fc in the same way.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

5.2 Setting the Frequency Range(fa)

Page 80

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

5.2 Setting the Frequency Range(fa)

Page 81

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Chapter 6

6.1 Hold Function

Pressing the panel switching from one screen to another it is possible to compare different simultaneously captured values. Since internally the measurement continues, each time you press the key the values at that time are displayed. To end the hold function, hold down the

SHIFT

Hold/Peak Hold Function

HOLD

key freezes the display values of all items. By

HOLD

key and press the

HOLD

key.

Hold state

61.tif

Display value

Start holding Update Release holding

Hold

Display

alue

Internal measured values

HOLD

Hold

HOLD

UpdateUpdate

SHIFT

HOLD

Time

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

6.1 Hold Function

Page 82

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

NOTE

･ In the hold state, it is not possible to change settings. ･ In the auto-ranging, the range when the

HOLD

key is pressed is fixed.

･ In the hold state, external output values (for floppy disk or printer, through

the GP-IB or RS-232C interface, or D/A output) are the values displayed on the screen. When combined with the interval timer, the display is updated at the specified interval. In this case the previous value is held until the next interval time.

･ For timer and real-time control, the display is updated at the stop time, and

then held.

･ The HOLD key operates at any time, including prior to and during timer

operation.

Combination with external control signal

When the unit is in the held state, the display can be held or updated using an external control signal to the EXT. A/D START terminal of the OUT (ANALOG WAVE D/A), EXT. CONT connector on the rear panel.

Display value

Start holding Update

Update

Hold

Update

Hold

Release holding

Hold

Update

HOLD

Display

alue

Lo Lo

Time

SHIFT

HOLD

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

6.1 Hold Function

Page 83

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

6.2 Peak Hold Function

When the peak hold function is activated, only items exceeding the previous maximum value are updated continuously. For example, this can be used for measuring transient currents in an electric motor.

62.tif

Display value

Start peak holding

Update

Peak hold state

Release peak holding

Peak hold state

Display value

Internal measured values

Time

SHIFT

HOLD

To activate or deactivate this function, press the

HOLD

the key resets the peak value, and starts a new peak hold operation from that point.

key. When the peak hold function is activated, pressing the

Display value

Start peak holding

Update

Display value

Internal measured values

Peak hold state

Release peak holding

Reset

SHIFT

HOLD

SHIFT

key and then press

HOLD

Time

SHIFT

HOLD

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

HOLD

SHIFT

HOLD

6.2 Peak Hold Function

Page 84

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

NOTE

･ If the display value is out of range, the indication "o.r." appears. In this case,

first stop the peak hold function, then change the range.

･ The maximum value refers to the maximum absolute value. For example,

after an input of "+50 W", an input of "-60 W" causes the display to be updated, because the absolute value of "-60 W" is greater.

･ In the peak hold state, it is not possible to change settings. ･ In the peak hold state, external output values (for floppy disk or printer,

through the GP-IB or RS-232C interface, or D/A output) are the values displayed on the screen.

6.2.1 Combination with Control Times

When an interval time is set, the maximum value within each interval can be measured. When a timer time or real-time control time is set, the maximum value from the start time to the stop time is found, and then the unit stops.

Interval time

Display value

Start peak holding

Display value

Start peak holding

SHIFT

HOLD

Peak hold

SHIFT

HOLD

Internal measured

alues

START /STOP

Start interval

Maximum value measured

Internal measured

alues

START /STOP

Start timer

Display value

Release interval

Display value

End timer

START /STOP

Hold

End timer

Time

Release peak holdin

SHIFT

HOLD

Time

SHIFT

HOLD

Release peak holding

NOTE

･ The peak hold function can be activated either before the time setting is

made, or after the time has started. However, if after the time has started, the maximum value is only found from the time after the peak hold function is activated.

･ The time of occurrence of the maximum value is not shown.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

6.2 Peak Hold Function

Page 85

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Chapter 7

7.1 Overview

Integration Function

For a 1P2W system in DC mode, the integration function in this unit can simultaneously integrate positive, negative, and total values for current (I) and active power (P) for all channels. There are six ways of controlling integration by the various time settings, as listed below. All of these ways can be combined with the floppy disk drive and printer. Load factor (LF) calculation is also possible using the interval timer.

1. Manual integration

2. Interval integration

3. Timer control integration

4. Timer + interval integration

5. Real time integration

6. Real time + interval integration

NOTE

･ Because of the internal circuit design, the maximum integration time is

10,000 hours, and the integration automatically stops if this time elapses.

･ Start, stop, and reset control of integration by either a panel operation or the

external control connector applies simultaneously to all items being integrated. However, the GP-IB or RS-232C interface provides separate control for each channel. For details see Chapter 12, "GP-IB and RS-232C Interface."

･ The items which can be integrated depend on the connection mode and

coupling mode as shown in the following table.

Mode Display items

1P2W, DC +Ih, -Ih, Ih, +WP, -WP, WP, LF

1P2W Ih, +WP, -WP, WP, LF

（When using channels 1, 2）

1P3W, 3P3W

3V3A, 3P4W

（When using channels 1, 2, 3）

Ih1, Ih2, +WP12, -WP12, WP12, LF12

Ih1, Ih2, Ih3, +WP123, -WP123, WP123, LF123

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

7.1 Overview

Page 86

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

NOTE

･ Data for each interval of the interval time setting is displayed on the screen

in hold state. When the value is not held, it must be combined with the floppy disk drive or printer function to display.

･ Calculation results (DC voltage) from the various input units are integrated

at the rate of 64 samples per second. Therefore, integration results may vary with instruments that use different response speeds, sampling rates or calculation methods.

･ During integration operation, if the integration item is "o.r" (out-of-range),

the value of 130% of range is integrated. In this case, the integration value indication is red.

･ In the DC mode, current is integrated from instantaneous current waveforms.

In the AC+DC/AC mode, it is integrated as RMS or MEAN values.

･ In the DC mode, power is integrated from instantaneous power waveforms.

In the AC+DC/AC mode, it is integrated as effective power.

･ Once integration starts, items for which auto ranging is set have their ranges

fixed from the start time. Set the range so that it will not be exceeded before beginning integration.

･ During integration (even "on standby" under real-time control), all settings

except changing screens and the hold and peak hold functions are disabled.

･ While the hold function is activated, the display is frozen, but internally the

integration continues normally. When the floppy disk drive or D/A outputs are used, however, the held values continue to be output.

･ While the peak hold function is activated, the integration operation is not

affected.

･ After integration ends, until the integration values are reset, it is not possible

to change settings.

･ The calculation results (for DC voltage) from each input units are integrated

64 times per second.

Operation Procedure

1. Set the required time settings (interval, timer, or real-time control). For the manual integration, make the time settings to OFF, however, the timer time operates as 10000 hours.

2. Set the external output for FDD, printer, D/A if necessary. See Chapter 10, Chapter 11, Chapter 13

3. Start integration. Press the

START/STOP

key.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

7.1 Overview

Page 87

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

7.2 Setting the Control Time

Using the three time control functions provided by this unit, it is possible to control time averaging, the floppy disk drive, printer, and integration functions.

NOTE

･ It is not possible to make separate settings for time averaging, floppy disk

drive, printer, and integration functions.

･ The integration function always operates. Therefore, even when the

integration value is not being measured, during the operation period of time control, the " (

SHIFT→START/STOP

･ When using time averaging integration, some settings are disabled. If auto

ranging is set, the range is fixed at the start time. The HOLD function, however, can still be used.

･ Even when time settings are made, the unit does not operate until the panel

START/STOP

･ The operation starts by real-time control and it is completed by timer

control. In this case, the stop time by real-time control is ignored.

" indication appears. After end of time control, reset

INTEG

) to turn off the "

key is pressed.

7.2.1 Setting the Interval Time

INTEG

" display.

TIME

F1 F2

TIME

INTERVAL

Interval control operates the unit repeatedly at the specified interval.

1. Press the keys to display the "

2. Using the "

INTERVAL

3. Move the cursor to desired time digit, and set the time u sing the

4. After setting completed, press the return to the measurement screen.

5. Press the

STATUS

CURSOR

" and press

START/STOP

key, then use the

" (time control) page.

TIME

keys, move the cursor to the

to set to ON.

and

(↑)

key to start operation.

PAGE

(↓).

MEAS

key to

411-1.tif 411-2.tif CHANGE

( )

F1 F2

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

7.2 Setting the Control Time

Page 88

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

NOTE

･ The interval setting is in steps of 10 seconds, to a maximum of 100 hours 00

minutes 00 seconds.

･ Even when operated without the timer or real-time control time set, the timer

operates at 10,000 hours. For this reason, once 10,000 hours have elapsed, pressing the In this case, press the

･ If the interval timer setting is longer than the time set by the timer or real-

time control function start/stop setting, then the interval setting has no effect.

･ If the timing at which timer or real-time control ends does not coincide with

the timing of the interval timer, the timing of timer or real-time control takes precedence and the unit stops.

･ When operating in conjunction with the floppy disk drive, or printer, the

minimum setting of the interval timer changes, according to the amount of data being written. See Chapter 11, "Using the Floppy Disk Drive.",Chapter 13, "Using the Printer (Option)."

7.2.2 Setting the Timer

Timer control provides a single time interval. This can also be used in combination with the interval time, to subdivide the timer time.

START/STOP

SHIFT

key does not operate the unit.

and

START/STOP

keys to reset.

TIME

F1 F2

NOTE

1. Set the timer time in the same way of the interval time setting.

2. Press the

key to return to the measurement

MEAS

screen.

TIMER

3. Press the

START/STOP

stop automatically the control after timer time. During operation, "

4. To stop operation, press the

key to start operation and

" is displayed.

INTEG

START/STOP

again.

411-3.TIF CHANGE

･ The timer time setting is in steps of 1 minute, to a maximum of 10000

hours.

･ Even if the real-time control function is enabled, The operation starts by

start time, and it is completed by timer control. In this case, the stop time is ignored.

key

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7.2 Setting the Control Time

Page 89

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

7.2.3 Setting the Real Time Control

Using the real-time control function, the internal real-time clock in the unit can be used to start and stop operation at specified times. This can also be used in combination with the interval time, to subdivide the time specified by real-time control.

TIME

F1 F2

NOTE

1. Set the start and stop time of the real time control time in the same way of the interval time setting.

REAL TIME CONTROL

2. Press the screen.

3. Press the are displayed. Once the set stop time is reached, operation automatically stops.

4. To stop operation during controlling, press the

START/STOP

MEAS

key to return to the measurement

START/STOP

key again.

key, "

INTEG

"and"

411-4.TIF CHANGE

･ The time setting is in steps of 1 minute. ･ The time is specified with a four-digit year, and 24-hour times. ･ If a time point has already passed, the real-time control is ignored. ･ If it stops operation during control, the real-time control is forcibly ignored. ･ Even if the real-time control function is enabled, The operation starts by

start time, and it is completed by timer control. In this case, the stop time is ignored.

STIME

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

7.2 Setting the Control Time

Page 90

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

7.3 Integration Screen

On each channel screen, pressing the to integration screen.

Real-time control indication

STIME INTEG

73.tif

F1 F2 F3

INTEG

During integration, this display is shown in yellow.

When integration end or during waiting integration, it is shown in blue.

INTEGRATED

(

Integration operation

indication

) function key moves

Start time Stop time Integration

elapsed time

Integration item

Load factor

STIME

Operates by real time control.

During operation, it is shown in yellow.

────────────────────────────────────────────────────

7.3 Integration Screen

Page 91

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7.4 Starting, Stopping, and Resetting the Integration

There are three ways of starting, stopping, resetting integration, as shown below. These controls operate whether or not the integration screen is displayed.

Panel key control

Start

Starts integration by pressing the

Stop

Stops integration by pressing the

integration.

Reset

Resets integration value by pressing the

integration completed.

External control by the terminal

The operation by the panel key can be also controlled by the external control terminal. For details, see Chapter 9, "External Output/ External Control Terminals."

GP-IB/RS-232C control

START/STOP

key.

key during

key after

Control is possible in the same way as with the panel keys. When measuring a number of systems, separate control is also possible. Refer to Chapter 12, "GP-IB and RS-232C Interface."

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7.4 Starting, Stopping, and Resetting the Integration

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7.5 Manual Integration

Manual integration continues from the time that integration is started until any later point when it is stopped.

Integration value

Start

START /STOP

Integration value

Start

Integration display value

Stop

START

/STOP

Stop

Hold

(Controlled by Panel Keys)

1. Select the channel and item to be integrated.

Reset

2. If an interval, timer, or real-time control time is set, switch it off. See section 7.2, "Setting the Control Time."

START/STOP

Time

3. Press the integration. "INTEG" (yellow) is indicated.

SHIFT

4. After the required time has elapsed,

START /STOP

press the

START/STOP

integration. "INTEG" (blue) is indicated.

5. To continue with cumulative integration, press the

Start

again. "INTEG" (yellow) is indicated.

6. To reset the integration value, press the

Add

SHIFT

key and then

"INTEG" goes off.

key to start

key to end the

START/STOP

key

START /STOP

NOTE

Time

START /STOP

･ If an interval, timer, or real-time control time is set, manual integration is

not possible.

･ Because of the internal circuit design, the maximum integration time is

10,000 hours.

･ If the FDD output or printer output is set, these operate when the

START/STOP

key is pressed. If not necessary, set to

"OFF"

･ While the hold function is activated, the display is frozen, but internally the

integration continues normally. When the floppy disk drive, printer, or D/A outputs are used, however, the held values continue to be output.

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7.5 Manual Integration (Controlled by Panel Keys)

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7.6 Integration Using Time Settings

By first setting the interval, timer, or real-time control time, and then pressing the time.

NOTE

･ When the interval time is set, data for each interval of the interval time

setting is not displayed on the screen. This must be combined with the floppy disk drive (only 3193) or (optional) printer function.

･ If the timer (or real-time control) end timing does not coincide with the

interval timer timing, then the integration ends with the timer (or real-time control) end timing, and the last interval timing is ignored.

･ While the hold function is activated by pressing the

interval time is set, the display is updated every interval time. When the timer time or real control time is set, the final data is displayed at the end of setting time.

7.6.1 Timer Integration

After integrating for the time specified the unit automatically stops. In this case the integration result is held. When the interval time is set, for each interval specified the total integration value at that point is written to the floppy disk or printer.

START/STOP

key, integration can be carried out for the specified

(Controlled by Panel Keys)

HOLD

key, and when the

Integration value

Start

START /STOP

Integration value

Start

Interval time

Timer time

Integration display value

Timer time

Integration display value

Stop

Auto stop

Hold

Stop

Reset

SHIFT

START /STOP

Reset

Hold

Time

START /STOP

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7.6 Integration Using Time Settings (Controlled by Panel Keys)

Auto stop

SHIFT

START /STOP

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7.6.2 Real-Time Control Integration

Integration starts automatically at the start time of the real-time control time, and stops at the stop time. When the interval time is set, for each interval specified the total integration value at that point is written to the floppy disk or printer.

Integration value

Waiting

START /STOP

7.6.3 Interval Integration

The integration calculation is that in the case that only the interval time is set, and is the same as in the case that the timer time is set to 10,000 hours.

Start time

Auto start

Stop time

Integration display value

Auto stop

Hold

Reset

SHIFT

START /STOP

Time

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7.6 Integration Using Time Settings (Controlled by Panel Keys)

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7.7 Measuring the Load Factor

When the timer or real-time control time setting is combined with the interval time, the load factor (LF) can be measured. The load factor result appears in the integration display.

Active power

Start

Interval time

START /STOP

Wav Load factor (LF)=───×100% Wmax Total integration value (+)

Wav = ─────────────── Timer time or real-time control time

Maximum value of integration value for interval Wmax = ────────────────── Interval time

Timer time

Stop time

Hold

Display value

Auto stop

1. Set the interval time, and timer time or

Reset

real time control time. See Section 7.2, "Setting the Control Time."

2. Press the

START/STOP

key to start. During operating, the load factor up to that point is shown.

3. To reset the measured value, press the

Time

SHIFT

START /STOP

Wav : Total averaging Wmax : Ma ximum value of averaging for interval

SHIFT START/STOP

key and then press the

key. ("-----" is displayed.)

NOTE

･ The load factor is calculated from the positive value integration only.

Therefore, the load factor does not match the normal average. The negative integration value is also taken as zero.

･ On the screen, the load factor only is displayed. ･ If no interval time is set, the load factor is not displayed. ･ When combined with the floppy disk drive or printer, the maximum average

power (Wmax) and load factor (LF) recorded during operation for each interval are output.

･ This function can operate simultaneously with integration. ･ Once load factor measurement starts, items for which auto ranging is set

have their ranges fixed from the start time. Set the range so that it will not be exceeded before beginning load factor measurement.

･ During load factor measurement (even "on standby" under real-time control),

all settings except changing screens are disabled.

･ After load factor measurement ends, until reset, it is not possible to change

settings.

･ When combined with a timer setting, after the timer period has elapsed, if

the process is started again the load factor is calculated including the data for the previous timer period.

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7.7 Measuring the Load Factor

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7.8 Zero suppress function

You can set the minimum value of data to be integrated. You can change the value if the input level is too low for the preset range.

NOTE

INTEG-ZERO

1. Press the

STATUS

keys to display the "

2. Using the "

INTEG-ZERO

CURSOR

3. Select from

4. Press the

MEAS

key, then use the

SYSTEM

"page.

PAGE

keys, move the cursor to the

" item.

(0.5%)

(0.1%)

(0.0%)

key to return to the measurement

( )

screen.

･ In zero suppress, figures less than the percentage set for the full range are

regarded as "0".

･ The setting is 0.5% by default. ･ When the setting is at 0.0% or 0.1%, the values not displayed as

instantaneous values will also be counted. Counts may be displayed even when there is no input due to internal off-set.

･ This change function is not transferred when data is saved or loaded via PC

communications or floppy disk. Therefore, settings must be made manually before measurement.

･ The zero suppress in the display of instantaneous values is not changed.

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7.8 Zero suppress function

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Chapter 8

8.1 Overview

NOTE

･ Measuring the motor power (Pm) requires the optional 9603 EXTERNAL

･ If the load is subject to violent fluctuations or transients, stable measurement

･ The coupling mode on the channels for which the efficiency is to be

･ If the calculated efficiency exceeds 100%, it is treated as 100%.

Efficiency Measurement

This unit can calculate the efficiency from the measured values (active power, motor power). For example, the input/output efficiency of an inverter, input/output efficiency of a motor, and overall efficiency can be calculated simultaneously with a single unit.

SIGNAL INPUT UNIT.

may not be possible.

measured should be the same. (DC/AC + DC/AC)

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8.1 Overview

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8.2 Efficiency Screen

In the MEAS screen, use the

key to move the cursor to "EFFI"

PAGE

(efficiency) to display the efficiency screen. The calculation formula can be set in the "EFFI" display of the STATUS screen.

82-1.tif

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8.2 Efficiency Screen

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8.3 Setting the Calculation Formula

F1 F2

NOTE

A maximum of three formulas can be set.

1. Press the display the "EFFI" page.

2. Next, use the the denominator or numerator. The items which can be substituted in the formula appear in the lower part of the screen. Use function keys (↑)and

The same setting is made forη2andη3.

83-1.tif

If the measurement value is not inserted in either the numerator or denominator, this is shown as

STATUS

= "--".

key, then use the

CURSOR

(↓) to select the item.

keys to move the cursor to

PAGE

key to

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8.3 Setting the Calculation Formula

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8.4 Example Measurement

The following is an example of measuring the efficiency.

NOTE

In either the 3P3W or 3V3A connection mode of the 3193, the active power (P)ofa3φ3W system is found by the two-power calculation method, and the efficiency calculation result is also the same.

8.4.1 Efficiency Measurement of a Switching Power Supply (1φ2W)

Input side (1φ2W) DC/50/60 Hz

Switching

power supply

When channel 1 is the input and channel 2 the output Input: 1P2W, AC mode / output: 1P2W, DC or AC+DC mode

1= ─── ×100

Measuring the efficiency of a single-phase power converter (switching power supply etc.)

Output side (DC)

8.4.2 Efficiency Measurement of a Switching Power Supply (3φ3W)

Input side (3φ3W) 50/60 Hz

Switching

power supply

When channel 1, 2 are the input and channel 3 the output Input: 3P3W, AC mode / output: 1P2W, DC or AC+DC mode

1= ── ×100

Measuring the efficiency of a three-phase power converter (switching power supply etc.)

Output side (DC)

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Hioki 3193, 3193-10 Instruction Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Introduction

Inspection

Safety Notes

Notes on Use

1.1 Product Overview

1.2 Features

2.1 Panels and Key Operation

2.2 Names and Configuration of Sc ree n

2.3 Indicators

2.4 Peak Over Indication

3.1 Notes on Use

3.2 Basic Operating Procedure

3.3 Powering On

3.4 Connecting the Direct Input Unit

3.5 Connecting the Clamp Input Unit

3.6 Measurement Losses

3.7 Error Messages

3.8 System Reset

3.9 Operations During Power Failure

4.1 Setting the Wiring Mode (1P2W to 3P4W)

4.2 Setting the Coupling Mode (DC/AC+DC/AC)

4.3 Switching the Voltage Range and Current Range

4.4 Effective Value (RMS) or Mean Rectified Value (MEAN) Selection

4.5 Setting the Scaling (PT/CT/SC Ratios)

4.6 Setting the Low-pass Filter (LPF)

4.7 Setting the Phase Polarity Discrimination Filter

4.8 Switching the Waveform Peak Value

4.9 Setting the Response (FAST/MID/SLOW)

4.10 Setting the Averaging

4.11 Setting on the MEAS Screen

4.12 Setting on the SYSTEM screen

4.13 Degaussing

5.1 Setting the Frequency Measurement Source (fa)

5.2 Setting the Frequency Range(fa)

6.1 Hold Function

6.2 Peak Hold Function

7.1 Overview

7.2 Setting the Control Time

7.3 Integration Screen

7.4 Starting, Stopping, and Resetting the Integration

7.5 Manual Integration

7.6 Integration Using Time Settings

7.7 Measuring the Load Factor

7.8 Zero suppress function

8.1 Overview

8.2 Efficiency Screen

8.3 Setting the Calculation Formula

8.4 Example Measurement