HBM T32 FNA Operating Manual

Torque Transducers

T32 FNA

Operating manual

Electrical
measurement
of mechanical
quantities

HBM Mess- und Systemtechnik GmbH

B 23.T32FNA.10 e

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Contents Page

Safety instructions 4..............................................

1 General description, field of application 7........................

2 Construction and function 8.....................................

2.1 Construction 8..............................................

2.1.1 Torque measurement system 9..........................

2.1.2 Speed measurement system 10..........................

3 Installation 12...................................................

3.1 General hints 12..............................................

3.2 Precautions 12...............................................

3.3 Mounting 12.................................................

3.3.1 Mounting with curved tooth couplings 14...................

3.4 Fixing of the housing 15.......................................

3.5 Mounting position 16..........................................

3.6 Limits of application 17........................................

4 Electrical connections 19........................................

4.1 Connection plugs and cables 19................................

4.2 Instruments that can be connected 20...........................

5 Calibration signal 20.............................................

6 Load limits 21...................................................

7 Maintenance 22..................................................

8 T echnical Data 23................................................

9 Dimensions 26..................................................

10Copy of Declaration of Conformity 27.............................

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T32FNA

Safety instructions

Appropriate use

The T32 FNA Torque Transducer may be used for torque-measurement and
directly related control and regulation tasks, only. Any other use is not ap­propriate.

To ensure safe operation, the transducer may only be used according to the
specifications given in this manual. When using the transducer, the legal and
safety regulations for the respective application must also be observed. The
same applies if accessories are used.

The transducer is no safety element in the sense of appropriate use. Prerequi­sites for correct and safe transducer operation are appropriate transportation,
storage, installation and mounting, and careful operation.

General dangers in the case of non-observance of the safety instruc­tions

The transducer complies with the state of the art and is operationally reliable.
If the transducer is used and operated inappropriately by untrained personnel,
residual dangers might develop.

Any person charged with transducer installation, operation, maintenance or
repair must in any case have read and understood the operating manual and
the notes on safety, in particular.

Residual dangers

The transducer’s scope of performance and supply covers a part of the torque
measuring-technology, only. The plant designer/constructor/operator must in
addition design, realize and take responsibility for the torque measuring-sys­tem’s safety such that potential residual dangers are minimized. The respec­tive regulations must in any case be observed. Residual dangers regarding
the torque measuring-system must be specified explicitly.

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In this manual, the below symbols are used to refer to residual dangers:

Symbol:

DANGER

Meaning:

Maximum danger level

Warns of an imminently dangerous situation in which failure to comply with
safety requirements will result in death or serious physical injury.

Symbol:

WARNING

Meaning:

Potentially dangerous situation

Warns of a potentially dangerous situation in which failure to comply with
safety requirements can result in death or serious physical injury.

Symbol:

CAUTION

Meaning:

Potentially dangerous situation

Warns of a potentially dangerous situation in which failure to comply with
safety requirements could result in damage to property or some form of
physical injury.

Symbol:

Note

Means that important information about the product or its handling is being
given.

Symbol:

Meaning:

CE mark

The CE mark enables the manufacturer to guarantee that the product com­plies with the requirements of the relevant EC guidelines (see Declaration of
Conformity at the end of this document).

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Reconstruction and modifications

HBM’s express consent is required for modifications regarding the transduc­er’s construction and safety. HBM does not take responsibility for damage re­sulting from unauthorized modifications.

Qualified personnel

The transducer may be used by qualified personnel, only; the technical data
and the special safety regulations must in any case be observed. When using
the transducer, the legal and safety regulations for the respective application
must also be observed. The same applies if accessories are used.

Qualified personnel means: personnel familiar with the installation, mounting,
start-up and operation of the product, and trained according to their job.

Prevention of accidents

According to the prevailing regulation to prevent accidents a cover has to be
fitted after the mounting of the torque transducers T32 FNA as follows:

 the cover must be stationary
 the cover shall avoid any danger of squeezing and provide

protection against parts that might come loose

 the cover shall be installed at a minimum distance from moving

pats or shall be of a nature that a hand cannot be put through

 the cover shall be fitted even if moving parts are installed outside

the usual access area of persons.

Above regulations could only be disregarded if there is already sufficient
protection of machine parts owing to the design of the machine or due to other
precautions.

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1 General description, field of application

Mechanical power transmission through rotating machine parts often requires
extensive investigations of machine parts that transmit or generate power.
Furthermore, continuous monitoring is often required. This, in turn, makes it
necessary to have transducers to sense the physical quantities torque and
speed of rotation.

The torque transducers type T32 FNA from HBM which are without sliprings
and bearings, provide torque sensing as well as speed measurement. The
torque transducers are suitable to determine static as well as dynamic torque
in stationary and rotating shafts. Speed of rotation can be determined as well
as the sense of rotation. The multiplication of both factors gives the shaft
power.

Torque transducers are available for nominal torque ratings from 50 Nm up to
25 kNm. The maximum speed rating is 20000 min

-- 1*)

, depending on the ac-

tual type.
A frequency modulation system with non-contacting, inductive transfer of the

signal and the excitation voltage provides a system for the sensing of static
and dynamic torque which is free from wear and maintenance.

Owing to the bearing-free design preventive maintenance and lubrication is
not required. Friction losses and heating will not occur.

The field of use of the T32 FNA is to measure the required power or the effi­ciency, or applications on process control as well as continuous monitoring of
machines.

*)Type series of 50 Nm, 100 Nm and 200 Nm rated torque

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2 Construction and function

2.1 Construction

The schematic design of a torque transducer is given in Fig. 2.1. The torque
transducer consists of a measurement body which is screwed to the measure­ment object by means of two flanges.

The hollow shaft which forms the measurement body is equipped with strain
gauges. Inside the hollow shaft there is the electronic circuitry for the bridge
excitation voltage and for the transmission of the measurement signals. Fur­thermore, the shaft housing is equipped with 30 teeth for speed measurement
and with transmission elements for the inductive transmission of the supply
voltage onto the measurement body as well as elements for capacitive trans­mission of measured values from the shaft to the housing of the torque trans­ducer.

The rotor, consisting of the actual measurement body and the two flanges, is
fitted to the housing by two spindle bearings. The housing also contains pre­amplifiers for the torque signal and for the speed signal, as well as two induc­tive proximity detectors which serve to detect the speed and the sense of rota­tion. The housing also carries the connection plugs for the measurement
cables.

1. Toothed wheel (speed measuring system)

5. Inductive voltage transmission (coils)

6. Strain gauge application

2. Connection box

3. Inductive pick--ups

4. Inductive voltage transmission

7. Mounting plate

Flange A Flange B

12 3 45 6

8

8

8. Shaft ends of the object

7

Stator:Rotor:

Fig. 2.1: Mechanical construction

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Stator and rotor part are not connected by ball bearings. To ensure concen­tric positioning of the rotor part in the housing three fixing elements are pro­vided at both ends which serve as safeguard during transport and as mount­ing aid. They enable to adjust the radial and axial play between rotor and
stator part of the torque transducer. After mounting the torque transducer the
fixing elements must be removed.

2.1.1 Torque measurement system

In the torque transducers T32 FNA there are strain gauges for torque mea­surement mounted on the rotor in the direction of the main stress. They are
connected as a Wheatstone bridge so that only torque will unbalance the
bridge. Temperature effects are also compensated by means of further balan­cing elements. Additional axial and lateral forces as well as bending moments
within the permitted limits will have only a slight influence (see section ”8.

Technical Data”).
A 15kHz voltage of 54V peak-to-peak for bridge excitation is transmitted by

inductive means. The frequency-to-voltage converter in the rotor forms out of
this a stable bridge excitation voltage. The torque acting on the sensing ele­ment deforms it and also the strain gauges. The strain gauges change their
resistance proportional to the strain thus detuning the Wheatstone bridge. The
output voltage of the bridge which is proportional to the torque is then fed to a
voltage-to-frequency converter. This, in turn, produces pulses through integra­tion, the frequency of which is proportional to the bridge output voltage. The
pulses are inductively transmitted to the stator. They are then transformed in a
preamplifier into a pulse frequency of 12V peak-to-peak in the frequency
range from 5kHz to 15kHz. In the no-load state the output signal is 10kHz.
Depending on the sense of the torque the output signal at the ”MD” plug will
be either 15kHz or 5kHz at rated torque.

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6 Supply voltage

for rotor

7 15kHz, 54V/74V

1
2 --15V
3+15V
4 ”MD”-output signal

5/15kHz.....

4 Speed signal 25 V
1

7 Speed signal 25 V

Rotor Stator

Pre--amplifier
”MD” and ”n”

Plug ”MD”

Plug ”n”

Fig. 2.2: Schematic circuit diagram

2.1.2 Speed measurement system

The rotor carries a toothed wheel with 15 teeth for the determination of speed.
On the stator there are evenly distributed, four inductive pick-ups. During one
revolution of the rotor 15 voltage pulses are produced the frequency of which
is proportional to speed. The pick-ups are displaced in such a way that two
pulse trains appear with a phase shift of 90. The phase shift serves as the in­formation on the sense of rotation of the shaft.

A pre-amplifier serves to transform the two pulse trains into square waves of
25V peak-to-peak. The speed proportional square wave is available at the ”n”

plug for further processing.
Experience has shown that smooth, vibration-free running and a concentric

rotor are essential for accurate measurement of speed.
Vibration is permitted up to a maximum vibration amplitude falling with in-

creasing speed (see Fig. 2.3, Curve A).
If there is static eccentricity of the stator to the rotor, the possible maximum

vibration amplitude displacement (relative vibration displacement is reduced.
Curves B, C and D are examples of this relationship for eccentricities of

0.5 mm, 1 mm and 2 mm.

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