Hanna Instruments HI 93703 User Manual

Instruction Manual

HI 93703

Portable Microprocessor

Turbidity Meter

This Instrument is in Compliance with the CE Directives

1

Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna Instruments

Product.
Please read this instruction manual carefully

before using the instrument.
This manual will provide you with all the neces-

sary information for the correct use of the
instrument, as well as a more precise idea of its
versatility in a wide range of applications.

This instrument is in compliance with the
directives.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preliminary Examination ............................ 3

General Description.................................... 3

Principle of Operation................................. 5

Functional Description................................ 6

Specifications ............................................ 7

Operational Guide ...................................... 8

Measurement Procedure ....................... 8

How To Ensure Accurate Measurements . 11

Sources of Interferences..................... 12

Calibration................................................ 13

Calibration Procedure .......................... 13

How To Ensure Accurate Calibration... 15

Standard Suspension.......................... 16

Viewing the Calibration Date ............... 16

Battery Replacement ............................... 17

LCD and Error Codes ............................... 19

Accessories............................................. 21

Warranty .................................................. 22

CE Declaration of Conformity................... 23

2

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Remove the instrument from the packing material
and examine it to make sure that no damage has
occurred during shipping. If there is any damage,
notify your Dealer.

HI93703 is supplied complete with:

• 1.5V AA Size Batteries (4 ea.)

• Glass Cuvet

• Cap

Further to the above listed items, HI93703C is
a complete kit supplied with:

• Glass Cuvet

• Cap

• Cal. solutions HI93703-0 and HI93703-10

• Cleaning solution HI93703-50

• Cleaning tissue HI93703-70

• Rugged carrying case

Note: Save all packing material until you are

sure that the meter functions correctly. All
defective items must be returned in its original
packaging with the supplied accessories.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

With HI 93703 turbidity measurements can be
performed with high precision in the field as well
as in the laboratory. HI93703 turbidity meter is
a hand-held, microprocessor-based, battery
operated instrument used to determine the
turbidity of water and waste-water. The meter
covers a 0-1000 FTU range in two scales: 0.00
to 50.00 FTU and 50 to 1000 FTU. The
autoranging feature of the instrument sets the
appropriate range for the measurement.

Note: HI 93703 has been designed

according to the ISO 7027
International Standard, consequently
the turbidity measurement unit is the
FTU (Formazine Turbidity Unit). FTU
is identical to the other internationally
recognized unit: NTU (Nephelometric
Turbidity Unit).

3

HI 93703 is a portable turbidity meter with the

mark, in compliance with the European
directives, ensuring low emission values and
accurate measurements in presence of
electromagnetic fields.

The meter is housed in a rugged and lightweight
case, with an easy-to-read LCD. To save bat­tery-life, the instrument is equipped with an
automatic shut-off feature which is activated
after 4-minutes of non-use.

The meter is very simple to use. All operations
can be carried out with only four keys and
trouble-shooting functions can be performed
with displayed error code guides. An exclusive
positive-locking system guarantees that the
cuvet is firmly placed in the cell. The keypad is
water-resistant and can be wiped with a moist
cloth for quick cleanups.

The one-point calibration at 10 FTU* can be
easily performed using the available stan­dard. In addition, HI 93703 is the first por­table turbidity meter that allows to store the
last calibration date and to retrieve it at the
user’s convenience.

Hanna Instruments has chosen 10 FTU * as
the calibration point because it is the value
that best fits the water turbidity measure­ments in different applications, from drink­ing water to wastewater treatment.

Hanna Instruments uses the primary standard
AMCO-AEPA-1 to avoid all formazine-related
problems. Formazine is a very toxic, unstable
substance, which requires particular care: its
standards have to be prepared only a few
minutes before performing the calibration, and
cannot be reused because of their short life.
Hanna Instruments standards are extremely
stable, can be reused, and last up to six
months, if free from contamination. HI 93703
can be used with both standards.

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

4

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

HI 93703 has been designed to perform mea-

surements according to the ISO 7027 Interna­tional Standard.

The instrument functions by passing a beam of
infrared light through a vial containing the sample
being measured.
The light source is a High Emission Infrared
LED with a wavelength peaking at 890 nm,
ensuring that the interference caused by col­ored samples is minimum.

A sensor, positioned at 90° with respect to the
direction of light, detects the amount of light
scattered by the undissolved particles present
in the sample. The microprocessor converts
such readings into FTU* values.

LIGHT

DETECTOR

IR LED

EMITTED LIGHT (890 nm)

90° SCATTERED

CUVET

LIGHT

As noted above, FTU unit is equal to the NTU
unit. However, there are other known measure­ment units for turbidity: Jackson Turbidity Unit
(JTU) based on the old method of Jackson's
candle, and Silica Unit (mg/L of SiO2). For your
reference the conversion table between these
measurement units is shown below:

JTU FTU/NTU SiO2 (mg/L)

JTU 1 19 2.5

FTU /NTU 0.053 1 0.13

SiO2 (mg/L) 0.4 7.5 1

5

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

1

2

3

4

6

5

1) Measurement Cell

2) LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

3) ON/OFF Key

4) CAL Key, to enter the Calibration Mode

5) READ/⇑ Key, to perform measurements
and to set the date (day and month) of the
last calibration

6) DATE/⇒ Key, to display the last calibration
date and to select either the month or the
day of last calibration

6

SPECIFICATIONS

HI93703

Range 0.00 to 50.00 FTU *

50 to 1000 FTU *

Resolution 0.01 and 1 FTU *
Accuracy ±0.5 FTU* or ±5%

of reading (whichever greater)

EMC Typical ±2% Full Scale
Deviation

Light Source High Emission Infrared LED
Light Source Life Life of the instrument
Light Detector Silicon Photocell
Power Source 4 x 1.5V AA batteries
Battery Life 60 hours or 900 measurements

Auto-Shut off After 5 minutes
Operating 0 to 50

Conditions 0 to 95% RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 220 x 82 x 66 mm

Weight 510 g (18 oz.)

°

C (32 to 122°F);

(8.7 x 3.2 x 2.6")

7

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

OPERATIONAL GUIDE

To prepare the instrument for taking
measurements, first install the batteries (see
Battery Replacement section on page 17) and
then turn the instrument on.

To maximize battery-life the meter is
automatically switched off after 5 minutes of
non-use. To reactivate it, simply press the ON/
OFF key.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE:

• Turn the meter on by
pressing the ON/OFF
key.

• The meter will carry
out a self-test display­ing a full set of fig­ures. After the test,
the LCD will change
to the measurement mode.

• When the LCD dis­plays “----” the meter
is ready to measure.

• Fill a clean cuvet up
to one quarter inch
(0.5 cm) from its rim
with the thoroughly
agitated sample.

• Allow sufficient time for bubbles to escape
before securing the cap.
Note: do not overtighten the cap.

8

• Wipe the cuvet thor­oughly with a lint-free
tissue (HI93703-70)
before inserting into
the measurement
cell. The cuvet must
be completely free of
fingerprints and other
oil or dirt, particularly
in the area where the
light goes through (ap­proximately the bot­tom 2 cm/1 inch of
the cuvet).

• Place the cuvet into
the cell and check
that the notch on the
cap is positioned se­curely into the
groove.

• The mark on the
cuvet cap should
point towards the
LCD.

• Press the READ/⇑
key and the LCD will
display a blinking
“SIP” (Sampling in
Process). The tur­bidity value will ap­pear after approxi­mately 25 seconds.

9

• Even though HI93703 covers a very wide
range of turbidity values, for very accurate
measurements of samples exceeding
40 FTU *, Standard Methods require dilu­tion. In such cases, the correct amount of
HI93703-0 or turbidity-free water to be
added to the sample can be calculated
as follows:

Vos = 3000 / T

where: Vos = volume of sample (mL) to be

combined with HI 93703-0 to
obtain the final volume of
100mL.

T = HI 93703 reading (exceeding

40FTU*)

E.g.: HI 93703 reading = 200 FTU *

3000 / 200 = 15 mL (Vos)
15 mL (Vos)+85 mL (HI93703-0) = 100

mL

At this point, take a sample of this solution
and measure turbidity.

The correct turbidity value of the original
sample will be:

Tn x 100 mL / Vos = T

where: Tn = new HI 93703 reading

Ta =actual turbidity value of the original

sample

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

10

a

HOW TO ENSURE ACCURATE MEASURE­MENTS

• Each time the cuvet is used, tighten the cap
to the same degree.

• Discard the sample soon after the reading is
taken to avoid permanently clouding the glass.

• All glassware used to contain the standards
and the samples should be maintained clean,
washed with HI93703-50 cleaning solution
and rinsed with HI 93703-0 or turbidity-free
water.

• Collect the samples in clean glass or plastic
bottles, fit stoppers and perform the analysis
quickly. If unavoidable, store the sample in
a cool, dark place, but not for longer than 24
hours (the sample needs to be kept at room
temperature prior to the analysis).

• To obtain a representative sample, gently,
but thoroughly, mix it before samples are
taken. Do not shake (to prevent air bubbles)
and do not let the sample settle.

• It is recommended to monthly calibrate the
meter with the supplied HI93703-10 @10
FTU* standard or more frequently for great­est accuracy.

• Before inserting vials
into the instrument,
wipe them with
HI93703-70 soft, lint­free tissue. Handle vi­als so that no finger­prints can get on the
areas where light
passes (approximately
2 cm/1 inch from the
bottom of the vial).

If you experience any problems in taking mea­surements, please contact your dealer or the
nearest Hanna Instruments Customer Service
Department.

11

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

SOURCES OF INTERFERENCE

• Presence of floating debris and coarse sedi­ments which settle out rapidly will give false
readings.

• The infrared light source used for HI 93703
turbidity meter, according to ISO 7027 Inter­national Standard, can effectively minimize
errors due to colored dissolved substances.
This effect, named "true color", is a common
interference for most commercially available
instruments operating in the range of visible
light.

• Air bubbles and the effect of vibrations that
disturb the surface of the sample will give
false results.

• Dirty glassware could also affect readings
along with scratched or edged vials.

12

CALIBRATION

A monthly calibration is recommended. To
check the date of last calibration, simply hold
the DATE/⇒ key down for few seconds.

A more frequent check of the instrument is
suggested by using the supplied standard solu­tion.

CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

• Turn the meter on and

wait for the display to
show "----".

• Press the CAL key

once, the "CAL" mes­sage will blink on the
display for about 6
seconds, then the cali­bration mode stops.

• While the "CAL" mes-

sage is still blinking,
press CAL again. The
instrument is now in
the calibration mode
and a "CL" will appear
on the lower part of
the display. The date
of calibration can be
edited now by simply
pressing the DATE/⇒
key. To scroll to the
correct number press
the READ/⇑ key. The
default blinking pa­rameter is the month,
on the left hand of the
display (MM.DD).

13

• To confirm the dis-

played data values
and to go to the next
step, press the CAL
key once. A blinking
"ZERO" message will
appear.

• Take the HI93703-0

bottle containing the
ZERO FTU* Standard
(or turbidity-free dilu­tion water) and fill the
measurement cuvet.

Note: in order to minimize any error intro­duced by the cuvet, it is recommended to
use, during calibration, the same cuvet
you are going to use to perform the mea­surement.

• Insert the cuvet with

the HI 93703-0 @
ZERO FTU* standard
solution (or turbidity­free dilution water)
into the measurement
cell and press the
CAL key. A blinking
"SIP" message indi­cates that the instru­ment is performing
the measurement.
After approximately
50 seconds the in­strument will ask for
the HI93703-10 stan-
dard solution @10
FTU* by displaying
"10.0".

• Repeat the same procedure with HI93703-

10 @10FTU* standard solution.

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

14

• Insert the cuvet with

the HI 93703-10
AMCO-AEPA-1 stan­dard @10 FTU* into
the measurement cell
and press the CAL key
again.

• After approximately 50

seconds the LCD will
display "----".

Now the instrument is
calibrated and ready
for use.

HOW TO ENSURE ACCURATE CALIBRATION

The instructions listed below should be care­fully followed during testing and during calibra­tion:

• All glassware that comes into contact with

standards should be maintained clean. Wash
with HI93703-50 cleaning solution and rinse
with HI 93703-0 or turbidity free water.

• Rinse the vial twice with 5 ml of the liquid to

be tested. This removes the effect of any
previous liquid and any dust or foreign matter
that may be present inside. Gently pour the
liquid down the side of the vial to reduce air
bubbles (no mixing is required when HI 93703-
0 and HI 93703-10 AMCO-AEPA-1 standards
are used).

• Before inserting the vial

into the instrument,
wipe it with HI93703-
70 soft, lint-free tissue.
Handle vials so that no
fingerprints can get on
the areas where light
passes (approximately
2 cm/1 inch from the
bottom of the vial).

15

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

STANDARD SUSPENSION

Presently, there are only two recognized pri­mary standards: AMCO-AEPA-1 and formazine.

Hanna Instruments supplies HI 93703 with the
AMCO-AEPA-1 which has a much longer shelf
life at all concentrations (approximately six
months, if free from contamination). In addition,
no special handling or disposal is required and
a much higher stability of suspended particles
has been observed.

On the other hand, formazine is a very toxic
substance, generated by a known carcinogen,
its stability is poor (particles flocculate and
settle quickly). Lower concentrations change
value within a few days or hours after dilution
from stock solutions.

The consistency of HI 93703 readings by using
both standards has been separately estab­lished by Advanced Polymer Systems and
Hanna Instruments.

Additional documentation about the formazine
standard and more complex calibration proce­dures is available upon request.

VIEWING THE CALIBRATION DATE

• Turn the meter on and

wait for the display to
show "----".

• Press and hold the

DATE/⇒ key and a
"MM.DD" message
appears while the key
is held.

Note: The displayed date is the date that was

input by the user at the beginning of the
last calibration.

16

BATTERY REPLACEMENT

All components have been selected to mini­mize current drain without compromising func­tionality.

In order to minimize the battery consumption,
the meter is equipped with an auto-shut off
function which switches the meter off after 5
minutes of non-use.

The power source is 4 x 1.5V batteries with an
expected life of 60 hours, or over 900 measure­ments.

To always grant accurate measurements, the
batteries are monitored to ensure that readings
are not taken when there is insufficient power .

A "LO BAT" indication will appear on the lower
right hand side of the display when the batteries
are weak and require replacement; at this point
the instrument is able to perform only 50 more
measurements.

A "-BA-" indication will appear on the display
when the batteries are too weak to perform
measurements; the message appears for a few
seconds, and then the meter will automatically
switch off; at this point it is absolutely neces­sary to replace the batteries to use the instru­ment.

17

Battery replacement must only take place in a
non hazardous area using the battery types
specified in this instruction manual (see
page 21).

To install or replace the bat­teries, turn the unit off and
unscrew the 2 screws located
on the back of the battery
cover.

Remove the battery cover
exposing the battery com­partment.

Place the batteries in the
compartment while paying
attention to the polarity.

After the batteries have been
installed, replace the bat­tery cover on the back of the
instrument and tighten the 2
screws.

18

LCD AND ERROR CODES

HI 93703 will display several different LCD

codes in different situations to help the user to
operate the meter.

This indicates that the meter is in a ready state and
measurement or calibration can be performed.

This indicates that the Calibration Mode is
active. If the CAL key is not pressed within 6
seconds, the meter will automatically switch to
the Measurement Mode.

This indicates that the Calibration Date Setting
Mode is active.

This indicates a 0 FTU* standard calibration is
required.

This indicates that calibration is performed.

19

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

This indicates a 10 FTU* standard calibration is
required.

This indicates the last calibration date (MM.DD).

This indicates that measurement is performed.

This indicates that batteries are weak and have
to be replaced. When this message appears,
the instrument is able to perform 50 more
measurements.

This indicates that batteries are too weak to
perform measurements. The message appears
for a few seconds, then the meter will automati­cally switch off. At this point it is absolutely
necessary to replace the batteries.

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

20

ACCESSORIES

BAT1-5AA/P 1.5V AA battery (8 pcs)
HI 93700-C Glass measurement cuvets

(4 pcs)

HI 93703KIT • Rugged carrying case

• HI 93703-0 Solution for
calibration AMCO-AEPA-1
at 0 FTU* (30 mL)

• HI 93703-10 Solution for
calibration AMCO-AEPA-1
at 10 FTU* (30 mL)

• HI 93703-50 Cleaning
solution (30 mL)

• HI 93703-70 Tissue for
wiping the cuvets

• Two measurement cuvets

HI 93703-0 Solution for calibration AMCO-

AEPA-1 at 0 FTU*, 30 mL

HI 93703-10 Solution for calibration AMCO-

AEPA-1 at 10 FTU*, 30 mL

HI 93703-50 Cleaning solution, 230 mL
HI 93703-70 Tissue for wiping the cuvets

(4 pcs)

MANTURBR3 Instruction manual
PKGCASE Rugged carrying case

21

* 1 FTU = 1 NTU

WARRANTY

All Hanna Instruments meters are warranted
for two years against defects in workmanship

and materials when used for their intended
purpose and maintained according to instruc­tions.

This warranty is limited to repair or replace­ment free of charge.

Damages due to accidents, misuse, tampering
or lack of prescribed maintenance are not
covered.

If service is required, contact the dealer from
whom you purchased the instrument. If under
warranty, report the model number, date of
purchase, serial number and the nature of the
failure.

First obtain a Returned Goods Authorization
number from the Customer Service depart­ment, then return the instrument with the
Authorization # included along with shipment
costs prepaid.

If the repair is not covered by the warranty, you
will be notified of the charges.

When shipping any instrument, make sure it is
properly packaged for complete protection.

To validate your warranty, fill out and return
the enclosed warranty card within 14 days
from the date of purchase.

All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole
or in part is prohibited without the written
consent of the copyright owner.

Hanna Instruments reserves the right to
modify the design, construction and ap­pearance of its products without advance
notice.

22

CE DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Recommendations for Users

Before using this product, make sure that it is entirely suitable for the
environment in which it is used.

Operation of this instrument in residential area could cause unacceptable
interferences to radio and TV equipments, requiring the operator to take all
necessary steps to correct interferences.

Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equipment may degrade
the instrument's EMC performance.

To avoid electrical shock, do not use this instrument when voltages at the
measurement surface exceed 24VAC or 60VDC.

To avoid damages or burns, do not perform any measurement in microwave
ovens.

23

Stay in Touch with the Manufacturer!

24

MANTURBR3

07/01