• Follow the safety precautions in Chapter 1 in order to avoid personal
store it in a location where you can refer to it at any time.
ORCA-Flash4.0 LT+
Digital CMOS Camera
C11440-42U30 / C11440-42U31
Instruction manual
Thank you for your purchase
injury and damage to property when using this camera. The manual
describes the correct handling method of the camera and provides
instructions that should be followed to avoid accidents. Read this
manual carefully before using this camera. After reading this m anual,
Ver. 1.2
Feb. 2018
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K.
A4610301-02
~ Blank page ~
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Improper handling of the camera without observing these
warnings could lead to serious injury to the user and even death.
Improper handling of the camera without observing these cautions
could lead to personal injury to the user or damage to property.
Note
This symbol indicates a note to help y ou get the best perfor mance fro m the
the camera.
This symbol indicates a cautionary item that should be followed when
safe use.
1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1-1 SYMBOLS
The following symbols can be found on this camera:
Direct current
Alternating current
1-2 CLASSIFICATION OF WARNINGS
We have classified the warnings symbols that appear in this instruction manual and on the
camera as follows for your convenience. Make sure that you fully understand them and follow the
instructions they contain.
camera. Read the contents of the note carefully to ensure correct and safe
use. Failure to observe one of these notes might impair the performance of
handling the camera. Read the content s carefully to ensure correct and
This symbol indicates an action that is forbidden. Read and follow the
instructions carefully.
This symbol indicates a compulsory action or instruction. Read and follow
the instructions carefu lly.
1
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Power supply
Cables
Power supply cord
Do not attempt to dismantle or modify the camera
Do not insert a foreign substance into the camera
In the event of an anomaly
the camera yourself.
Use the camera with the indicated voltage on the rating sticker. Using a
different voltage can damage the camera and lead to fire or electric shock.
Do not to place heav y objects on cables o r bend them exc essiv ely. Doing
so can damage the cables and lead to fire or electric shock.
Use the accessory power supply cord when using this camera.
AC adapter
Use the accessory AC adapter when this camera is used.
Do not touch the plug with wet hands. Doing so can lead to electric shock.
Doing so can also lead to damage and even injury, as some internal
components become very hot or high voltage. Do not touch parts that are
not indicated in this manual.
Such as combustible su bstances , meta l objects o r water to get inside the
camera. These can damage the camera and lead to fire or electric shock.
Such as the image suddenly disappearing or the occurrence of a strange
noise, a strange smell or smoke coming from the camera, immediately
turn off the power switch and unplug the power supply cord and contact
Hamamatsu subsidiary or your local distributor. Do not attempt to repair
2
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
AC adapter
the plug from the outlet to avoid causing electric shock or fire.
Connecting and disconnecting cables
Mounting the camera
Lenses (C11440-42U30)
Shipping precautions
Strong impact
Operating environment
Disposal
with applicable regulations regarding waste disposal and correctly
legally and correctly.
When unplugging the power supply co rd, do not pull on the cord. Remove
When unplugging the AC adapter, do not pull on the cord. Remove the
plug from the camera to avoid breakdown of the AC adapter
camera.
If the camera is not in use for a long period of time, unplug the power
supply cord from the outlet to avoid damaging the cord and causing
electric shock or fire.
Always turn off the camera before connecting and disconnecting cabl es.
or the
When mounting the camera to a tripod or other fixture, use the optional
base plate. Be careful that the mounting screw does not enter more than 8
mm from the surface of the base plate. Screwing it in further can impai r
normal operation.
Be careful not to screw the lens more than 7 mm into the C-mount of the
camera. Doing so can scratch the protective glass. (Some wide-angle
lenses in particular can have a thread of 7 mm or more.)
When transporting the camera by truck, ship, airplane, etc., wrap it
securely in packaging material or something similar.
Do not subject the camera to strong shocks (such as dropping it).
Doing so can damage the camera.
This camera is designed and tested for use in an industrial environment.
If this camera is used in residential areas, EMI
(electro-magnetic interference) may occur.
This camera must not be used in residential areas.
When disposing of th e camera, take appropriat e measures in complian ce
dispose of it yourself, or entrust disposal to a licensed industrial waste
disposal company.
3
your country, state, regi on or province to ens ure the c amera is dispose d of
In any case, be sure to comply with the regulations in
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Camera (C11440-42U30 or C11440-42U31)
1
AC adapter
1
Power supply cord for AC adapter
1
Lens mount cap (attached to the camera)
1
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Before Use (Booklet)
1
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual (CD-ROM)
1
SMA-BNC cable
A12106-05
SMA-SMA cable
A12107-05
USB 3.0 A to Micro B cable
A12046-03
USB 3.0 interface board
M9982-26
Adjuster pole
A11185-01
Base plate
A11186-01
Note
• The cable listed in option is highly recommended for use with the camera. The camera
may not confirm to CE marking regulation if other type of cable is used with.
Note
• If you use the adjuster pole and the base plate, please refer to the respective installation
manual.
2. CHECK THE CONTE NT S OF PACKAGE
When opening the package, check that the following items are included before use. If the
contents are incorrec t, insu fficient, or dam aged in an y way, c ontact a H amam atsu subsid iary or
your local distributor before attempting to operate the camera.
[Option]
4
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
• Places where there is a l ot of dust.
To prevent overheating in the camera’s interi or, do not wrap the camera
intake and exhaust vents when setting up.
3. INSTALLATION
Avoid using or storing this camera in the following places
• Places where the temperature is not the operating temperature indicated in the
specifications.
How to place the camera (when the camera is placed on a table)
• Places where the temperature is not the storage temperature indicated in the
specifications.
• Places where the temperature varies greatly.
• In direct sunlight or near a hea ter.
• Places where the humidity levels are not the operating humidity levels indicated
in the specifications and where the system may be exposed to liquid.
• Places where the humidity levels are not the storage humidity levels indicated in
the specifications and where the system may be exposed to liquid.
• Close to a strong source of magnetism or ratio waves.
• Places where there are vibrations.
• Places where the system may come into contact with corrosive gases (such as
chlorine or fluorine).
Do not place the camera the rear panel of the camera, which connectors
are located, to be at the bottom. (Do not block ventilation openings.)
Do not block ventilation openings
in cloth or any other material, or in any way allow the camera’s
ventilation ports to become blocked. If the camera is being operated in
a closed environmen t, en sure cl earance of at lea st 10 cm from both the
5
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
CCoonntteennttss
1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ............................................................................ 1
1-1 SYMBOLS .............................................................................................................. 1
1-2 CLASSIFICATION OF WARNINGS ...................................................................... 1
2. CHECK THE CONTENTS OF PACKAGE ................................................... 4
3. INSTALLATION ........................................................................................... 5
4. OVERVIEW .................................................................................................. 8
5. FEATURES .................................................................................................. 8
6. NAME AND FUNCTION OF PARTS ......................................................... 10
7. CONNECTION ........................................................................................... 13
7-1 CONNECTING OF CABLES ............................................................................... 13
8. OPERATIONS ........................................................................................... 14
8-1 OPERATING PRECAUTIONS............................................................................. 14
8-2 PREPARING FOR IMAGING .............................................................................. 14
8-3 IMAGING .............................................................................................................. 14
8-4 END OF IMAGING ............................................................................................... 14
9. DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS FUNCTIONS ............................................. 15
9-1 THEORY OF T HE CMOS IMAGE SENSOR ....................................................... 15
9-2 NORMAL AREA MODE ...................................................................................... 17
9-2-1 Readout method (Scan mode) ..................................................................... 17
9-2-2 Camera operation modes ............................................................................. 18
9-2-3 Frame rate calculation .................................................................................. 19
9-2-4 Configuring exposure time ............................................................................ 22
9-2-5 Timing chart of camera operation modes ..................................................... 23
9-3 W-VIEW MODE .................................................................................................... 35
9-3-1 Readout method (scan mode) ...................................................................... 35
9-3-2 Camera operation modes ............................................................................. 36
9-3-3 Frame rate calculation .................................................................................. 36
9-3-4 Configuring exposure time ............................................................................ 39
9-3-5 Timing chart of camera operation modes ..................................................... 40
9-4 REAL-TIME CORRECTION FUNCTIONS .......................................................... 43
10. PRECAUTION WHEN USING the CMOS IMAGE SENSO R .................... 44
11. MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................ 45
11-1 CARE ................................................................................................................... 45
12. TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................................... 46
12-1 IMAGE IS NO T T RANSFERRED ........................................................................ 46
12-2 ALTHOUGH IMAGES ARE TRANSFERRED .................................................... 46
13. SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................... 47
13-1 CAMERA SP ECIFICATIONS .............................................................................. 47
13-2 SPECTRAL RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS(TYP.) ...................................... 50
6
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
14. DIMENSIONAL OUTLINES ....................................................................... 51
14-1 C11440-42U30 for C-mount ............................................................................... 51
14-2 C11440-42U31 for F-mount ................................................................................ 52
15. WARRANTY .............................................................................................. 53
15-1 BASIC WARRANTY ............................................................................................ 53
15-2 REPAIRS .............................................................................................................. 53
16. CONTACT INFORMATION ....................................................................... 54
7
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
4. OVERVIEW
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 is equ ipped with the new scient ific image sensor, an advanced
CMOS device that real izes the m ultiple benefits of high res olution, h igh readout s peed, an d low
noise all at once.
The camera provides 4.0 megapixels res olution at 30 f ps (frames/s) (and up to 25 000 fps b y
sub-array readout) while achieving 0.9 electrons (m edian) 1.5 electrons (r.m.s) readout noise
performance. Moreov er, the camera delivers high sens itivity through its on-c hip micr o lens, 33
000:1 high dynamic range that makes the camera suitable f or almost any scienti fic application
from bright field imaging to lo w-l ig ht f luores c ence imaging across a wide spec tr a l range . Various
external trigger functions and timing output functions ensure proper timing control with peripheral
equipment to cover a wide range of applications.
The camera is the new scientific digital camera for life science microscopy, semiconductor
inspection, x-ray scintillator readout or industrial imaging.
5. FEATURES
(1) Readout noise
In the camera, the pixel amplifier is optimized: it has high gain from optimizing the
semiconductor process, and the difference among pixel amplifiers are greatly
minimized. In addition, there is on-chip CDS (correlated double sampling) circuit, which
plays an important role in achieving low noise. Moreove r, the sens or features a split
readout scheme in which the top and bottom halves of the sensor are readout
independently, and the data of each horizontal line is read by 2 lines of column
amplifier and A/D in the top and the bottom in parallel and simultaneously. As a result, it
achieves very fast readout speed whi le keep ing very good low-noise performance.
The camera has lower readout noise (0.9 electrons (median), 1.5 electrons (r.m.s))
than the conventional c oole d CCD cam er a. Moreover, high-speed r eado ut (30 fps with
2048 pixels × 2048 pixels) with very low readout noise, which was impossible, can now
be achieved.
(2) Cooling structure
In the camera, the CMOS image sensor is cooled down by a peltier element to
suppress the dark current. The c amera has a special chamber structure to avoid the
condensation.
(3) Pixel number and pixel size
The CMOS image sensor has 6.5 µm x 6.5 µm pixel sizes that is equivalent to
conventional CCD image sensor (2/3 inch, 1.3 megapixels). Also, the camera can
observe a wider fie ld of view because the pix el number is about 3 times that of the
conventional CCD image sensor (2/3 inch, 1.3 megapixels)
(4) Readout method
The camera has a variety of readout modes. In addition to full resolution readout mode,
sub-array readout and binning readout are supported.
8
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
(5) Frame rate
The CMOS image sensor realizes both low noise (0.9 electrons (median) 1.5 electrons
(r.m.s)) and high speed rea dout ( 30 fps with 2048 pixels x 2048 pixels) simultaneousl y,
by a split readout sc heme in which the top and the b ottom halves of the sensor are
readout independently, and the data of each horizontal line is read by 2 lines of column
amplifier and A/D in the top and the bottom in parallel and simultaneously.
(6) Real-time correction functions
When using the camera, there is a case that shading caused by uneven illumination or
optics is not neglig ible in the im age. Also, there are a f ew pixels in the CMOS image
sensor that hav e slightly higher reado ut noise perform ance compared to surrounding
pixels. For those cases, the camera has real-time offset level, s hading and defective
pixel correction features to further im prove image quality. The correction is perfor med
in real-time without sacrificing the readout speed at all.
(7) Interface
This camera has USB 3.0 interface.
USB 3.0 interface is able to transfer 4 megapixels image with 30 fps.
It is versatile interface. It transfers image with moderate transfer speed.
(8) Camera operation modes
The camera has three operation modes: 1) the free running mode, in which the
exposure and readout t iming are con trolled b y the internal m icroprocessor, and 2) the
external trigger mode, in which the exposure and readout tim ing are decided by an
external trigger. 3) the start trigger m ode is used to start operating the camera by a
trigger input for a continuous imaging.
9
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
located, to be at the bottom (Do not block ventilation openings.).
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
⑨
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
⑨
6. NAME AND FUNCTION OF PARTS
(1) C11440-42U30 for C-mount
(2) C11440-42U31 for F-mount
• Do not place the rear panel of the camera, which connectors are
10
Note
• The depth of the C-mount is 7 m m. Screwing in the mount too far
can scratch the glass surface.
Note
Lighting color
Status of power distribution
Turn off (no color)
Power off
Orange (Blinking)
Initialization
Green (lighting)
Power on
Orange (lighting)
Data transfer
Red (lighting)
Heat up
When the camera heats up, stop operation and unplug the AC
adapter immediately.
① Lens mount
C11440-42U30 can be attached to C-mount lens or an optics system.
C11440-42U31 can be attached to F-mount lens or an optics system.
② USB 3.0 interface connector [USB 3.0]
This is connected to the USB 3.0 interface connector on the computer.
③ Trigger input connector [EXT.TRIG]
This is used when the camera is being operated using external sync hronization.
Input is 3.3 V LVCMOS level, and input impedance is 10 kΩ.
When an external trigger is input, the trigger is activated at the falling or rising edge of the
signal. (You can choose external trigger polarity between Negative and Positive.)
④ Timing out connector 1,2,3 [TIMING 1,2,3]
This is used when peripheral device(s) require synchronization with the camera.
Output is 3.3 V LVCMOS level, and it is output though
Output impedance is 33 Ω.
• Determine termination according to cable length and so on.
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
BUS TRANSCEIVER IC SN74AVC8T245.
⑤ DC power input connector [DC IN]
This is the power supply terminal. Use the accessory AC adapter.
⑥ Power switch [POWER]
The power is turned ON/OFF.
When the power switch is s et to "O N", the camera t urn s on and st art s initial ization and the lamp
blinks in orange.
When the initialization is completed , the lamp color stays in green.
When the camera transfers data and the lamp color is orange.
When the power switch is set to "OFF", the camera returns to the power off state and the lamp
turns off.
⑦ STATUS lamp [STATUS]
The LED indicates status of camera.
•
11
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
⑧ Air outlet
This is the outlet for the heat ventilation.
• To prevent overheating inside the camera, do not wrap the camera in cloth or
other material, or block the camera’ s ventilation.
• If the camera is being operated in an enclosed environment, ensure to keep
clearance at least 10 cm from both intake and exhaust vents when setting up.
⑨ Installation holes for base plate
These are the holes to install the base plate.
• If you use the adjuster pole and the base plate, see each installation manual.
12
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Do not place the rear panel of the ca mera, which connectors are located,
to be at the bottom (Do not block ventilation openings.).
Note
•
the EMC directive requirements.
Camera(Rear)
Computer
②USB 3.0 interface cable
USB 3.0 port
①AC adapter
7. CONNECTION
7-1 CONNECTING OF CABLES
Refer to the figure below when connecting the various cables .
• When you connect cables, turn off the power supply of the camera and the peripheral devices.
• If you use the adjuster pole and the base plate, see each installation manual.
•
① AC adapter
This is the cord to supply a power supply. Use the accessory AC adapter.
② USB 3.0 interface cable (Option)
This is the cable to connect the USB 3.0 interface connector of the camera and the USB 3.0
interface connector on the computer.
Hamamatsu recommends A12046-03 optional USB 3.0 interface cable for this
camera. The camera complies with EMC direction with us ing A12467-03 USB 3.0
interface cable. Be careful that the camera with other interface cable may not fulfill
Figure 7-1
13
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
8. OPERATIONS
8-1 OPERATING PRECAUTIONS
Be careful of the following when you operate the camera.
(1) Cooling method
Cooling of this equipment is done using a Peltier element. With a Peltier element, when
current is suppl ied, o ne sur f ac e is c oo le d, and t h e oth er sur f ac e is hea t ed. T he CMOS
image sensor is positioned on the cooling side, a nd cooling is don e b y d is char g in g th e
heat from the heated surface. This cooling method is passive air-cooling.
(2) Ambient temperature
The recommended ambient temperature for c amera operation is between 20 ºC and
25 °C. Thus, the maximum temperatures to which the CMOS im age sensor can be
cooled, and the stability of the cooled temperature, are affected by the ambient
temperature. The ambient temperature should be maintained at a constant
temperature in order for cooling to be effective.
(3) Protection circuit
This camera’s thermoelectric cooling device is protected by a thermal protection circuit.
If the internal temperature of the camera becomes abnormally hot, the protection circuit
operates to inform the user by a buzzer alarm (beep tone) and lighting the camera’s red
LED light while simultaneously cutting the current supply to the Peltier element. As
soon as this protection is implemented, turn off the po wer switch and unplug th e AC
supply. Then remove the cause of the overheating.
8-2 PREPARING FOR IMAGING
Use the following procedure when starting operating of the camera.
(1) Connect devices as shown in Figure 7-1 before you start operation.
(2) Turn on the computer's power switch.
The cooling temperature becomes sta ble about 5 minutes after cooling begins.
• When the cables are connected, confirm the power switch of peripheral device is in the OFF position.
8-3 IMAGING
Start the control and imaging with the application software.
• Please refer to the instruction manual attached to the software for the way of using it and the details.
8-4 END OF IMAGING
Carry out the procedure below when imaging is finished.
(1) End the imaging or transmission of image data with the application software.
(2) Turn off the power to the peripheral device.
14
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9. DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS FUNCTIONS
9-1 THEORY OF THE CMOS IMAGE SENSOR
The pixel of the CMOS image sensor is composed of the photodiode and the amplifier that
converts the charge into voltage. Entered light is converted to charge and converted to voltage in
the pixel. The voltage of each pixel is output by switching the switch one by one. (Figure 9-1)
The scientific CMOS im age sensor used in t his cam era has an on-chip CDS (c orrelated doub le
sampling) circuit, which plays an important role in achieving lo w noise. In addit ion, the CMOS
image sensor realizes both lo w noise an d high spe ed r eadout s imultaneo usly, by a split reado ut
scheme in which the top and the bottom halves of the sensor are readout independently, and the
data of each horizontal line is read b y 2 lines of column amplifier and A/D in the top and t he
bottom in parallel and simultaneously.
Figure 9-1 Structure of the CMOS image sensor
15
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
The exposure and the readout method of the CMOS image sensor is rolling shutter.
In the rolling shut ter, the expos ure and readout are d one line by line. Therefore, the exp osure
timing is different on one screen. (Figure 9-2)
But even if the object moves during the exposure, the affect of rolling shutter is very small.
Figure 9-2 Exposure timing of Rolling shutter
Figure 9-3 Exposure timing of Rolling shutter (at W-VIEW Mode)
16
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Settings
Horizontal
Vertical
Binning
Size
Position
Size
Position
1×1 (Normal readout)
512 pixels
32 pixels
8 lines
4 lines
2×2 binning readout
256 pixels
16 pixels
4 lines
2 lines
4×4 binning readout
128 pixels
8 pixels
2 lines
1 lines
Note
• Please refer to 9-2-3 [FRAME RATE CALCULATION] about the frame rate of each readout
9-2 NORMAL AREA MODE
9-2-1 Readout method (Scan mode)
With normal area mode, th e camera reads out the CMOS image sensor from the center line t o
the top and from the center line to the bottom simultaneously (center line is depicted in red line in
the diagram).
Figure 9-4 Readout method of normal area mode
The camera has the following scan modes.
(1) Normal readout
Perform charge readout from camera individually for all pixels.
(2) Binning readout
With this camera, 2× 2 binning readout and 4×4 binning are available by adding the
signal of adjacent pixels in the digital domain, Binning readout is a method for
achieving high sensitivity in exchange for losing resolution.
(3) Sub-arr ay readout
Sub-array readout is a pr ocedure onl y a region of inter est is scanned. It is possible t o
increase the frame rate by reducing the number of vertical lines scanned. When a
target area is placed in th e center of the screen, sub-array readou t can perform the
fastest readout. In sub-array readout, binning configuration is enabled.
Size and a position of the readout area can be configured according to the table below.
(4) Rapid Rolling Mode
This readout mode is preferred to be used when acquiring images of fast moving
samples in order to minimize distortion come from rolling shutter.
mode. However, Rapid Rolling mode is different from other modes.
17
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
•
9-2-2 Camera operation modes
The camera has the following operation modes.
(1) Free running mode
The camera has th e free running mode which the expo s ure and readout tim ing c a n b e
set by software command and controlled by an internal microprocessor. The free
running mode has normal readout mode (in which the exposure time is longer than the
1 frame readout time) and electrical shutter mode (in which the exposure time is
shorter than the 1 frame readout time). These readout modes are automatically
switched depending on the exposure time setting.
(2) External trigger mode
The camera has various external trigger f unctions to s ynchronize the c amera with the
external equipm ent. In the external trigger mode, the external e quipment becomes a
master and the camera becomes a slave.
① Edge trigger mode / Global reset edge trigger mode
The edge trigger mode is used so that the exposure starts according to an external sign al.
② Level trigger mode / Global reset level trigger mode
The level trigger mode is used to control both exposure start timing and exposure time length
by inputting external trigger pulses.
③ Synchronous readout trigger mode
The synchronous readout trigger mode is used for continuous imaging when it is necessary to
control the exposure st ar t t imi n g of each frame from an external source. It is useful f or confocal
microscopy.
(3) Start trigger mode
The start trigger mode is to start operating the camera by a trigger input for a
continuous imaging.
Please refer to 9-2-5 [TIMING CHART OF CAMERA OPERATION MODES] about the detail
of timing chart of these modes.
18
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
■
Free running mode
1/(Vn/2×1H)
External trigger mode (Edge/Level)
1/(Vn/2×1H+Exp1+1H×10)
External trigger mode (Synchronous readout)
1/(Vn/2×1H+1H×18)
■
Horizontal width
× Vertical width
External trigger mode
(Edge/Level)
External trigger mode
(Synchronous readout)
2048
2048
30
27
29
1024
60
50
58
512
120
85
112
256
240
133
210
128
481
185
375
64
962
229
615
8
7696
289
1399
9-2-3 Frame rate calculation
The calculation formula of frame rate and the value of frame rate are as below.
Calculation formula
Vn = Number of vertical line
(The center of the set area is the middl e of t he sensor.)
Exp1 = 3 ms to 10 s
1H = 32.4812 × 10
Val ue of frame rate
• The Exp1 value has to be input to the calculation formula below in units of seconds.
-6
(fps)
Free running mode
The calculation form ula of frame rate and the value of frame rate f or Rapid Rolling Mode are
shown in next page.
19
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
■
Horizontal
width
Vertical
width
Free running mode
1024
2048
1×1
512
---
2×2
4×4
External trigger mode
1×1
1024
2048
112 ≤ Vn ≤ 2048
1/(int(Vn/2048/30/1H)×1H)
1×1
512
---
2×2
4×4
External trigger mode
1024
2048
1024
2048
1×1
512
---
2×2
4×4
External trigger mode
1024
2048
64
2048
1×1
512
---
2×2
4×4
Calculation formula (Rapid Rolling Mode)
Vn = Number of vertical line
(The center of the set area is the middle of the sensor.)
Exp1 = 1 ms to 10 s
Exp2 = 1.05 ms to 10 s
1H = 10 × 10
-6
int () = The decimal point is rounded down.
• The Exp1 and Exp2 values must be input to the calculation formula below in units of
seconds.
Binning
1×1
(Edge trigger)
(Level trigger) 1×1
(Synchronous readout) 1×1
1×1
1×1
1536
--- ---
1536
--- ---
1536
1536
--- ---
1536
8 ≤ Vn ≤ 104
112 ≤ Vn ≤ 2048 1/(int(Vn/2048/30/1H)×1H)
8 ≤ Vn ≤ 104
32 ≤ Vn ≤ 2048 1/(int(Vn/2048/30/1H)×1H)
Calculation formula
--- 1/(int(Vn/2048/30/1H)×1H)
1/(Vn/2×1H)
1/(Vn/2×1H+1H×10+Exp1)
1/(Vn/2×1H+1H×4+Exp2)
20
1×1
1024
1536
--- ---
8 ≤ Vn ≤ 24
1/(Vn/2×1H+1H×18)
■
Binning:
2×2 / 4×4
Horizontal
width
Free running mode
2048
30
97
97
1024
60
195
195
512
120
390
390
256
240
781
781
128
480
1562
1562
64
961
3125
3125
8
7692
25 000
25 000
External trigger mode
2048
30
88
88
1024
60
160
160
512
120
273
273
256
240
420
420
128
480
574
574
64
704
704
704
8
877
877
877
External trigger mode
2048
30
88
88
1024
60
161
161
512
120
273
273
256
240
421
421
128
480
578
578
64
709
709
709 8 884
884
884
External trigger mode
2048
30
95
95
1024
60
188
188
512
120
364
364
256
240
684
684
128
480
1219
1219
64
961
2000
2000 8 4545
4545
4545
Note
• The calculation formula and the frame rate value of Start trigger mode (External trigger
trigger mode].
Val ue of frame rate (Rapid Rolling Mode)
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
(fps)
1×1 (Normal readout)
(Edge trigger)
(Level trigger)
Vertical width
1024 / 1536
/ 2048
512
---
21
(Synchronous readout)
mode) are same as the free running mode. About this mode, refer to 9-2-5-2-4 [Start
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
32.4812 µs × Exp2
10 µs × Exp2
3 ms to 10 s
1 ms to 10 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
129.99 µs* to 10 s
40 µs* to 10 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
3 ms to 10 s
1 ms to 10 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
Note
* 129.99 µs and 40 µs (Rapid Rolling Mode) for the Free running mode (at Sub-array) is
minimum exposure tim e vary depend on vertical li ne number of sub-array sett i ng.
9-2-4 Configuring exposure time
The exposure tim e setting can be done by absolute value. The actua l exposure tim e setting is
defined by the follo wing formula, and the cam era automaticall y calculates a larger and c losest
value from the specified exposure time setting.
• The Exp1 values must be input to the calculation formula below in units of seconds.
Exp1 = 3 ms to 10 s (at sub-array 129.99 µs to 10 s)
Exp2 = Exp1 × 10
The actual exposure time setting for Rapid Rolling Mode is defined by the following formula.
6
÷ 32.4812 µs (round up at decimal point)
Exp1 = 1 ms to 10 s (at sub-array 40 µs to 10 s)
Exp2 = Exp1 × 10
6
÷ 10 µs (round up at decimal point)
Available setting range of the exposure time is the following.
Free running mode
Free running mode (at Sub-array)
External trigger mode
the minimum exposure time when sub-array is set to 8 lines vertically symmetric (4 lines
in top half and 4 lines in bottom half) with respect to the horizontally center axis. The
22
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
• Please contact to Hamamatsu subsidiary or local distributor for the detail of the timing
9-2-5 Timing chart of camera operation modes
9-2-5-1 Free running mode
The camera has the f ree running mode which the exposure and readout tim ing can be set by
software command and c ontrolled by an inter nal microprocessor. The free running mode has
normal readout m ode (in whic h the exposur e time is longer than t he 1 fram e readout tim e) and
electrical shutter m ode (in which the exposure tim e is shorter than the 1 frame reado ut time).
These readout modes are automatically switched depending on the exposure time setting.
information.
9-2-5-1-1 Normal readout mode
The normal readout mode is suitable for observation, monitoring, field of view and focus
adjustment, and an imation because it can op erate with full resolution, which is faster than the
video rate (30 fps).
In addition, the exposure time can be extended to collect more signals and increase the
signal-to-noise ratio if the object is dar k. In the normal reado ut mode, the expo sure time is the
same or longer than the 1 frame readout time. In this mode, the frame rate depends on the
exposure time, and it becomes frame rate = 1/exposure time. The maximum exposure time is 10 s.
Figure 9-5
23
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-2-5-1-2 Electrical shutter mode
The electrical shutt er mode is used to get a proper s ignal level when sign al overflow happens
due to too much input photons in normal readout mode. In this mode, the fastest frame rate is
30 fps at full resolution even when the exposure time is short.
Figure 9-6
24
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
• Please contact to Hamamatsu subsidiary or local distributor for the detail of the timing
information.
9-2-5-2 External trigger mode
The camera has v arious external trigger functions to synchronize the camera with t he external
equipment. In the external trigger mode, the external equipment becomes a master and the
camera becomes a slave.
9-2-5-2-1 Edge trigger mode
The edge trigger mode is used so that the exposure starts according to an external signal.
Exposure time is set by software command. In this mode, the exposure of the first line begins on
the edge (rising/falling) timing of the input trigger s ignal into the camera. (1023H and 1024H in
the following figure) The expos ure of the s econd l ine is begu n after the read out tim e of one lin e
passes (1022H and 1025H in the fol lowing figure), and th e exposure is begun o ne by one for
each line.
Figure 9-7 (Ex. rising edge)
25
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-2-5-2-2 Level trigger mode
The level trigger mode is us ed to cont ro l bot h ex pos ur e s tart timing and exposure tim e length by
inputting ext ernal trig ger pulses . In this mode, the cam era starts exposur e at the s tart of high or
low period of the input trigger pulse and stops exp osure at the en d of high or lo w period of the
input trigger pulse. The example belo w is f or th e trigger level Hig h. The exposure of the f irs t li ne
begins when the trigger s ignal becom es High, and the ex posure of the secon d line begins after
the readout time of line one passes. Each exposure begins one by one for each line. The
exposure of the firs t line is finished when the trigg er signal becom es low, and signal readout is
begun. The exposure time of eac h line is define d by the time that the input trigger is high. The
minimum trigger pulse width is 1 ms + 50 µs.
Figure 9-8 (Ex. rising edge)
26
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-2-5-2-3 Synchronous readout trigger mode
The synchronous readout t rigger mode is used for continuous imaging when it is necess ary to
control the exposur e start tim ing of eac h fram e from an ex ternal source. It is usef ul for conf ocal
microscopy. For example, when the camer a is used with a spinning disk confocal microscope
and the camera exposure time is synchronized to the spinning disk's rotation speed, it is possible
to eliminate uneven i llumination (cal led banding noise) caused by variatio n of the spinning d isk
rotation speed. Also, it is usef ul for secur ing as long ex posure tim e as possible while contro lling
the exposure start timings by external trigger signals.
(1) Normal operation (when the trigger times is set as 1.)
The synchronous readout trigger mode is used for continuous imaging when it is
necessary to control the exposure start timing of each frame from an outside s ource
and also when it is necessary to secure as long exposure time as possible. In the
synchronous readout trigger mode, the camera ends each exposure, starts the readout
and also, at the sam e time, starts the next exposure at the edge of the input trigger
signal (risin g / falling edge) . That is, the inter val between th e same edges of the input
trigger becomes the exposure time.
Figure 9-9 (Ex. rising edge)
27
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
(2) Trigger times
Also in the synchr onous r eadou t tri gger m ode, s ynchr onous r eadout can be controlled
by specifying, set by command, the number of timing pulses to determine the exposure
time. The following figure shows the exposure tim ing when the Trigger Times is set as
3.
Figure 9-10 (Trigger Times)
28
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-2-5-2-4 Start trigger mode
The start trigger mode is to start operating the camera by a trigger input for a continuous imaging.
It is useful to secure the fram e rate as fast as pos sible when continuous im age acquisition and
not to sacrifice the exposure time. For example, when it is necessary to measure the
phenomenon after stimulation, it is possible to start continuous image acquisition at the
stimulation timing.
The start trigger mode is to s tart operating th e cam er a by a trigger input f or cont inuous im aging,
and it works at the hi ghest frame rate becaus e it is operated i n free running m ode. In the start
trigger mode, the cam era starts exposure and switche s to free running mode b y the edge of an
external trigger signal (rising / falling edge).
Figure 9-11 (Ex. rising edge)
9-2-5-2-5 External trigger delay function
In most cases when a delay between the laser pulse emission and the exposure start is needed,
a delay unit is set between the laser and camera to control trigger timing. In each external trigger
mode of the cam era, the delay can be se t to the trigger signal input t o th e c amera by command.
With this setting, a range of trigger can be arr anged without a dela y unit. The range for delay
time is 0 µs to 10 s (10 µs steps).
29
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
Note
9-2-5-3 Trigger output
The camera provides a range of trigger output signals to synchronize with an external instrument
and the camera becom es the m aster and th e exter nal instrum ent becomes the slave. T her e are
three different trigger output functions as follows. Also, it can output continuous High output
(High output fixed) or continuous Low output (Low output fixed).
These three different trigger output functions can be selected by software command, and
they are output from Timing out connector.
• Please refer to Figure 9-5 to Figure 9-11 about details of each trigger output functions.
9-2-5-3-1 Global exposure timing output
It shows the global exposure timing where all lines expose at the same time. There is a case that
one event is divided into t wo f rames bec ause the tim ing of the expos ure in eac h line is d ifferent
for the rolling shutter. However, by using the Global exposur e timing o utput the g lobal expos ure
becomes possible for the phenomenon that happens for this period. Global exposure timing
output shows the period where all lines expose at the same time.
• There is no output signal when the exposure time is less than the frame rate.
30
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Reference signal
Output signal
Camera outputs a pulse after certain delay, from the end of sensor readout.
Also the pulse width can be set.
Camera outputs a pul se af t er c er tain de lay , fr o m t he beginning of readout. Also
the pulse width can be set.
9-2-5-3-2 Programmable timing output
By using the progr ammable timing output, s ynchronizing external devices is simple. A system
that needs simple t im ing signa l does not re quire a de la y unit or pulse g enera tor. It is possible t o
program and output a pulse that has a n optional pulse width and an optional delay time to the
end of readout tim ing or Vs ync . The setting ran ge for del ay tim e is 0 µs to 10 s, and the setting
range for pulse width is 10 µs to 10 s.
The relation bet ween the par am eter which c an b e set with each refer ence si gnal, and an output
signal becomes below.
Read End
Vsync
Figure 9-12
9-2-5-3-3 Tr i gger r eady output
The trigger read y output is useful to make the f rame intervals as short as possible in external
trigger mode. For example, when the camera is working in the edge trigger mode, the next frame
can start after the previous frame exposure is done. Thus, the camera cannot accept a trigger for
the next frame dur ing the e xpos ure per iod. To reduce useless tim e to be as s hort as pos sib le, it
is necessary to k now the period when the cam era can accept a trigger f or the next fr ame. The
trigger ready output s hows the trigger ready period when t he camera can accept an external
trigger in the external trigger mode.
31
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-2-5-3-4 Multi-channel sync
The camera provides 3 pro gramm able timing outputs from Timing out connect or 1, 2 an d 3 in a
sequence. For example, thes e programm able timing outputs are usef ul to control a light s ource
and get a color image.
Figure 9-13
32
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-2-5-4 Global reset
Global reset funct ion e nabl es to reset the e lectric c harge of al l pixe ls a t the sam e tim e. T hen all
pixels can start exposure at the same time.
Global reset can work with Edge trigger mode and Level trigger mode.
9-2-5-4-1 Edge trigger mode
Figure 9-14
33
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-2-5-4-2 Level trigger mode
Figure 9-15
34
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
• Please refer to 9-3-3 [Fr ame rate calc ulation] about the frame rate of each readout mode.
Rapid Rolling mode is different from other modes.
9-3 W-VIEW MODE
9-3-1 Readout method (scan mode)
The readout direc ti on c a n b e s et f or th e t op ar ea an d t he b ottom area independently in W-VIEW
Mode. (Figure 9-16, 17, 18, 19)
Figure 9-16 Top: top to center Figure 9-17 Top: center to top
/ Bottom: center to bottom / Bottom: bottom to center
Figure 9-18 Top: top to center Figure 9-19 Top: center to top
/ Bottom: bottom to center / Bottom: center to bottom
W-VIEW Mode supports Binning readout, Sub-array readout and Rapid rolling mode.
In sub-array mode, the vertical positio n of s ub-ar r ay readout can be set independently in the top
and bottom areas.
The vertical height of sub-array readout is same in the both areas.
35
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
• Please refer to 9-3-5 [Timing chart of cam era operation modes] about the detail of timing
chart of these modes.
■
Free running mode
1/(Vn×1H)
External trigger mode (Edge/Level)
1/(Vn×1H+Exp1+1H×10)
External trigger mode (Synchronous readout)
1/(Vn×1H+1H×18)
■
Horizontal width
× Vertical width
External trigger mode
(Edge/Level)
External trigger mode
(Synchronous readout)
2048
1024
30
27
29
512
60
50
58
256
120
85
112
128
240
133
210
64
481
185
375
32
962
229
615
4
7696
289
1399
9-3-2 Camera operation modes
W-VIEW Mode can work with Free running mode, Edge trigger mode, Level trigger mode,
Synchronous readout trigger mode and Start trigger mode. The exposure time can be set
independently for the top and bottom areas with Free running mode, Edge trigger mode and Start
trigger mode.
9-3-3 Frame rate calculation
The calculation formula of frame rate and the value of frame rate are as below.
Calculation formula
Vn = Number of vertical line (Size of the area of one side)
Exp1 = 3 ms to 6 s
1H = 32.4812 × 10
-6
• The Exp1 value has to be input to the calculation formula below in units of seconds.
Val ue of frame rate
Free running mode
(fps)
The calculation form ula of frame rate and the value of frame rate f or Rapid Rolling Mode are
Shown in next page.
36
■
Horizontal
width
Vertical
width
Free running mode
1024
2048
1×1
512
---
2×2
4×4
External trigger mode
1×1
1024
2048
56 ≤ Vn ≤ 1024
1/(int(Vn/1024/30/1H)×1H)
1×1
512
---
2×2
4×4
External trigger mode
1024
2048
1024
2048
1×1
512
---
2×2
4×4
External trigger mode
1024
2048
64
2048
1×1
512
---
2×2
4×4
Calculation formula (Rapid Rolling Mode)
Vn = Number of vertical line (Size of the area of one side)
Exp1 = 1 ms to 2 s
Exp2 = 1.05 ms to 2 s
1H = 10 × 10
int () = The decimal point is rounded down.
• The Exp1 and Exp2 values must be input to the calculation formula below in units of seconds.
Binning
-6
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Calculation formula
1×1
(Edge trigger)
1×1 4 ≤ Vn ≤ 52
(Level trigger) 1×1
1×1
(Synchronous readout) 1×1
1×1
1536
--- ---
1536
--- ---
1536
1536
56 ≤ Vn ≤ 1024
4 ≤ Vn ≤ 52
--- ---
1536
1024
1536
16 ≤ Vn ≤ 1024
4 ≤ Vn ≤ 12
--- 1/(int(Vn/1024/30/1H)×1H)
1/(Vn×1H)
1/(Vn×1H+1H×10+Exp1)
1/(int(Vn/1024/30/1H)×1H)
1/(Vn×1H+1H×4+Exp2)
1/(int(Vn/1024/30/1H)×1H)
1/(Vn×1H+1H×18)
37
--- ---
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
■
Binning:
2×2 / 4×4
Horizontal
width
Free running mode
1024
30
97
97
512
60
195
195
256
120
390
390
128
240
781
781
64
480
1562
1562
32
961
3125
3125
4
7692
25 000
25 000
External trigger mode
1024
30
88
88
512
60
160
160
256
120
273
273
128
240
420
420
64
480
574
574
32
704
704
704 4 877
877
877
External trigger mode
1024
30
88
88
512
60
161
161
256
120
273
273
128
240
421
421
64
480
578
578
32
709
709
709 4 884
884
884
External trigger mode
1024
30
95
95
512
60
188
188
256
120
364
364
128
240
684
684
64
480
1219
1219
32
961
2000
2000
4
4545
4545
4545
Note
• The calculation formula and the frame rate value of Start trigger mode (External trigger m ode)
are same as the free running mode. About this mode, refer to 9-3-5-2 [Start trigger mode].
Val ue of frame rate (Rapid Rolling Mode)
(fps)
1×1 (Normal readout)
(Edge trigger)
(Level trigger)
Vertical width
1024 / 1536
/ 2048
512 ---
38
(Synchronous readout)
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
32.4812 µs × Exp2
10 µs × Exp2
3 ms to 6 s
1 ms to 2 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
129.99 µs* to 6 s
when the exposure time is shorter than 3 ms .
40 µs* to 2 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
when the exposure time is shorter than 1 ms.
External trigger mode
trigger mode.
3 ms to 6 s
Note
* 129.99 µs and 40 µs (Rapid Rolling Mode) for the Free running mode (at Sub-array) is t he
vary depend on vertical line number of sub-array setting.
9-3-4 Configuring exposure time
The exposure tim e can be set indep end entl y for the top an d bottom areas. T he a ctual exposure
time setting is defined by the following formula.
Exp1 = 3 ms to 6 s (at sub-array 129.99 µs to 6 s)
Exp2 = Exp1 × 10
The actual exposure time setting for Rapid Rolling Mode is defined by the following formula.
Exp1 = 1 ms to 2 s (at sub-array 40 µs to 2 s)
Exp2 = Exp1 × 10
Available setting range of the exposure time is the following.
6
÷ 32.4812 µs (round up at decimal point)
6
÷ 10 µs (round up at decimal point)
Free running mode
Free running mode (at Sub-array)
The exposure time can be set
independently for the top and bottom
areas with edge trigger mode or start
minimum exposure time when sub-array is set to 4 lines vertically. The minim um exposure time
The same exposure time is set for the top and bottom areas
The same exposure time is set for the top and bottom areas
1 ms to 2 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
39
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
9-3-5 Timing chart of camera operation modes
The timing chart of operation modes in W-VIEW Mode is shown.
When different exposure ti me is set for the top and bottom areas, the end of e xposure timing
becomes the same.
9-3-5-1 Free running mode
Electrical shutter mode works for the half area whose exposure time is shorter than the other half
area exposure in W-VIEW Mode. When the exposure time for the both areas are shorter than the
frame readout time, electrical shutter mode works for the both halves areas.
Figure 9-20
• Please contact to Hamamatsu subsidiary or local distributor for the detail of the timing information.
40
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-3-5-2 External trigger mode
The exposure time can be set indepe ndently for the top and bottom areas with Edge trigger
mode and Start trigger mode in W-VIEW Mode. The expos ure time f or both halv es is the s ame
with Level trigger mode and Synchronous readout trigger mode.
Figure 9-21 (Edge trigger mode)
41
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Note
Note
• There is no output signal when the exposure time for the both top and bottom area is shorter
than the frame readout time.
Figure 9-22 (Start trigger mode)
• Please contact to Hamamatsu subsidiary or local distributor for the detail of the timing information.
9-3-5-3 Global exposure timing output
It shows the global exposure timing wher e all lines in t he top area or the bottom area expose at
the same time. When W-VIEW Mode, there are two kinds of global exposure timing output for the
longer and the shorter exposure time. In this case, DCAM Configurator can only set either global
exposure timing output for the longer or shorter exposure time.
42
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
9-3-5-4 Global reset
Global reset can work with Edge trigger mode and L evel trigger mode in W-VIEW Mode. The
exposure time for both halves is the same with Level trigger mode.
Figure 9-23 (Global reset edge trigger mode)
9-4 REAL-TIME CORRECTI O N FUNCTIONS
There are a few pixels in the CMOS image sensor that have slightly higher readout noise
performance compared to surroundi ng pixels . The camera has real-time variant pixel correction
features to improve image quality. The correction is performed in real-time without sacrificing the
readout speed at all. This function can be turned ON and OFF. (Default is ON)
43
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Be careful not to input too strong light such as high-energy laser
may be damaged by over light.
10. PRECAUTION WHEN USI NG THE CMOS IMAGE SENSOR
This camera uses the scientific CMOS image sensor. Careful attention must be paid to the
following points when us ing the CMOS image sensor:
(1) Whit e spot
Subjecting the CMOS image sensor to extended exposures may cause failure in part of
the silicon wafer, resulting in white spots. Currently this phenomenon is not
preventable. If the CMO S image sensor is at a fixed tem perature, recurrence of the
white spot increases pro por tion al l y with th e expos ur e t i me, so this can be rectified with
dark subtraction*. Cosmic ray may generate white spot.
* After acquiring an image using a ce rtain e xpos ure time is lo aded, the C MOS i mage s enso r is exposed to dark ness for
the same amoun t of tim e, a nd a nothe r im age i s ob tained. After this, the differ ence betw een the im ages is dete rmine d,
and the data for the dark portion of the original image is nullified.
(2) Folding distortion
A rough-edged flicker may be visibl e when im aging striped patterns , lines, and s im ilar
subject matter.
(3) Over light
•
into the CMOS image sensor because the CMOS image sensor
44
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
• Use a plastic tweezers and take extra care not to scratch the glass window with the
window in case tweezers touch it.
11. MAINTENANCE
11-1 CARE
Perform cleaning of the camera with the dry soft cloth.
• Do not wipe with a damp cloth or unclean cloth.
Then, the glass window on the CMOS image sensor should be cleaned according to the
following.
(1) Blow the dust from the glass window with an air duster.
(2) Moisten a lens cleaning paper with a little ethanol, and wipe over center area of the
window, gently.
• Use Lens Cleaning Paper for cleaning of glass window in front of the CMOS image sensor.
tweezers. Even with plastic tweezers, there is possibility to make scratch on the glass
• Avoid touching the surrounding parts of image area when wiping the glass window.
(3) Confirm whether dust is not left.
Attach the camera to an optics, and check if there is dust or not under the uniform light
condition. If there is dust on the image, please clean the glass window again.
45
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Cause
Measures
Chapter
AC adapter or other cable is loose
Reconnect the cable
7
AC adapter or other cable is broken
Replace the cable
7
The correct command has not been sent to
the camera
Cause
Measures
Chapter
Cause
Measures
Chapter
Lens is not focused
Contact Hamamatsu subsidiary or local distributor
16
Condensation appear
Confirm the operating environmental conditions
13
Cause
Measures
Chapter
Lens mount cap has been left on
Remove the cap
Amount of light is too muc h or too low
Adjust amount of light
Cause
Measures
Chapter
Too much amount of light
Reduce amount of light
Contrast enhancement is too high
Reduce gain
Cause
Measures
Chapter
Exogenous noise
Find and remove cause
Poor connection of internal connector
local distributor
Defective circuit system
12. TROUBLESHOOTING
If an anomaly occurs, look up the possible causes in the following tables and, if necessary,
report the details to a Hamamatsu subsidiary or your local distributor.
12-1 IMAGE IS NOT TRANSFERRED
Recheck command
12-2 ALTHOUGH IMAGES ARE TRANSFERRED
(1) Scratches or discoloration visible on the screen
Lens is dirty Wipe the lens 11
(2) Image is blurred
(3) Onl y shadowed images are output
(4) All screens overflow
(5) Noise appears on the screen
Contact Hamamatsu subsidiary or
16
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C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Imaging device
Scientific CMOS image sensor
Effective number of pixels
2048 (H) × 2048 (V)
Cell size
6.5 µm (H) × 6.5 µm (V)
Effective area
13.312 mm (H) × 13.312 m m (V)
Full well capacity *1
30 000 electrons
Cooling method
Peltier device + Forced air-cooled
Cooling temperature
+ 10 °C (Ambient temperature: + 10 °C to + 30 ºC)
Conversion factor *1
0.46 electrons/count
Digital output
16 bit
100 counts(at Normal readout)
1600 counts(at 4x4 Binning readout)
33 ms
10 ms (Rapid Rolling Mode)
at Full resolution
30 fps
at 1024 lines
at center position
at 8 lines
at center position
at Horizontal 512 pixels
position
Normal readout mode
1×1
Binning readout mode*2
2×2,4×4
Sub-array readout
mode
Configurable for each vertical 8
pixels and horizontal 512 pixels.
Binning readout mode*2
Digital binning 2x2,4x4
Configurable for each vertical
areas.
Top/bottom to center, or center
in the top and bottom areas.
13. SPECIFICATIONS
13-1 CAMERA SPECIFICATIONS
(1) Electric specifications
Dark offset
Sensor readout time
Readout speed
(Frame rate)
Readout mode
W-VIEW Mode
400 counts(at 2x2 Binning readout)
60 fps
7696 fps
at 8 lines at center
Sub-array
readout mode
Readout direction
25 000 fps
(Rapid Rolling Mode)
4 pixels and horizontal 512 pixels.
Configurable
different value in the top and bottom
to top/Bottom.
Configurable different value
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C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
1.5 electrons r.m.s.
1.9 electrons r.m.s. (Rapid Rolling Mode)
Dark current *1
0.6 electron/pixel/s (at Cooling temperature: + 10 °C)
Dynamic range *3
33 000 : 1
Dark Signal Non-Uniformity
(DSNU) *1
Photo Response
15 000 electrons
0.6 % r.m.s.
700 electrons
1.0 % r.m.s.
EMVA1288 standard
0.5 %
< 500 electrons signal
0.3 %
3 ms to 10 s
1 ms to 10 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
129.99 µs to 10 s
40 µs to 10 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
3 ms to 10 s
1 ms to 10 s (Rapid Rolling Mode)
3 ms to 6 s
1 ms to 2 s
(Rapid rolling mode)
129.99 µs to 6 s
exposure time is shorter than 3 ms
40 µs to 2 s
exposure time is shorter than 1 ms
3 ms to 6 s
1 ms to 2 s
(Rapid rolling mode)
Edge trigger / Global reset edge trigger
Start trigger
External trigger input polarity
Positive / Negative
Trigger times
(at Synchronous readout trigger)
External trigger delay function
0 µs to 10 s (10 µs steps)
External trigger input connector
SMA connector
External trigger input level
3.3 V LVCMOS level
Readout noise *1
0.3 electrons r.m.s.
Non-Uniformity(PRNU) *1
Linearity error*1
Free running mode
Exposure time
Exposure time
for W-VIEW Mode
External trigger input mode
Free running mode
/ Sub-array mode
External trigger mode
Free running mode
The same exposure time is set for
the top and bottom areas when the
Free running mode
/Sub-array mode
External trigger mode
Level trigger / Global reset level trigger
Synchronous readout trigger
(Rapid rolling mode)
The same exposure time is set for
the top and bottom areas when the
48
1 to 4095 times(1 step)
Global exposure timing output
Multi-channel Sync
External trigger output polarity
Positive / Negative
Delay
0 µs to 10 s (1 µs steps)
Pulse width
1 µs to 10 s (1 µs steps)
External trigger output connect or
SMA connector
External trigger output level
3.3 V LVCMOS level
Real-time offset correction
Real-time defect pixel correction (Default On/Off)
Interface
USB 3.0 Super Speed
Interface connector
USB 3.0 MicroB type
C11440-42U30: C-mount
C11440-42U31: F-mount
Input power supply
DC12 V
Power consumption
26 W
Input power supply
AC100 V to AC240 V 50 Hz/60 Hz
Typical output
DC12 V
Power consumption
75 VA
Note
• Fluctuations of input power supply voltages are not to exceed ± 10 % of the nominal
Ambient operating temperatur e
0 ºC to + 40 ºC
Ambient storage temperature
-10 ºC to + 50 ºC
Ambient operating humidity
30 % to 80 %, no condensation
Ambient storage humidity
Less than 90 %, no condensation
Place of operating
Indoor, altitude up to 2000 m
External trigger output
Programmable timing output
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Trigger ready output
Programmable timing output 1
Programmable timing output 2
Programmable timing output 3
(Continuous High or Low output)
Image processing function
Lens mount
1
Typical value
*
2
Digital binning processing in the camera.
*
3
*
Calculated from the ratio of the full well capacity and the readout noise.
Real-time gain correction
(2) Power supply specifications
Camera
AC adapter
voltage.
(3) Operating environment
49
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Dimensional outline
85 mm (W) × 85.5 mm (H) × 120.5 mm (D)
Camera
Approx. 1.1 kg
AC adapter + power supply cord
Approx. 1.0 kg
Note
(4) Dimensional outline and weight
Weight
• Please see 14. [DIMENSIONAL OUTLINES] for detail of dimensions.
(5) Applicable standards
EMC EN61326-1: 2013 Cl ass A
13-2 SPECTRAL RESPONSE CHARACTERIS TICS(TYP.)
Figure 13-1
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C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
14. DIMENSIONAL OUTLINES
14-1 C11440-42U30 for C-mount
51
C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
14-2 C11440-42U31 for F-mount
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C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
15. WARRANTY
Hamamatsu Photonics have fully inspected this camera and checked that its performance
conforms to specificat ions. In the unlikel y event of a breakdown or other m alfunction, contac t a
Hamamatsu subsidiary or your local d is tr ib u tor .
15-1 BASIC WARRANTY
(1) Unless otherwise stated by Hamamatsu subsidiary or local distributor, this camera is
under warranty for 24 months from the delivery date.
- Degradation with cosmic rays, the radiation (X-rays, gamma rays, UV light, etc.) of the CM O S
image sensor is excepted.
(2) The warranty only covers defects in the materials an d manufacturing of the camera.
You may be liable for repairs during the warranty period in the event of a natural disaster
or if you handle the camera contrary to the instructions in this manual, use it without due
caution, or try to modify it.
(3) W e will repair the camera or replace it, subject to availability, free of charge within t he
terms of the warranty.
15-2 REPAIRS
(1) If you notice anything wrong with the cam era, confirm whether or not it is malfunction ing by
referring to the TROUBLESHOOTING in this instruction manual.
You must first clarify the symptoms in order to avoid any misunderstanding or error.
(2) If you have any trouble or are uncle ar about anything, contac t a Hamamatsu subsidiar y or
your local distributor giving the product name, s erial number and details of the problem . If
Hamamatsu Photonics consider the problem to be a m alfunction, we will decide whether
dispatch an engineer or have the camera returned to us for repairs.
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C11440-42U30/C11440-42U31 Instruction manual_Ver.1.2
Manufacturer
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K. K., Systems Division
812 Joko-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Pref., 431-3196, Japan
Telephone (81) 53-431-0124, Fax: (81) 53-435-1574
E-mail: export@sys.hpk.co.jp
Local contact information worldwide can be found at:
www.hamamatsu.com
The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.
The unauthor ized duplication or distribution of all or part of this m anual is strictly
prohibited.
If one of the following is found, please contact Hamamatsu. (refer to the local
contact information).
- Contents of the manual are illegible, incor rec t or m iss ing.
- Pages of the manual are missing or in the wrong order.
- The manual is unclean.
16. CONTACT INFORMATION
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