HAMAMATSU R2486 Datasheet

POSITION-SENSITIVE PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES WITH CROSSED WIRE ANODES

R2486 SERIES

3˝ Diameter Circular Envelope Position-Sensitive PMT with Crossed Wire Anodes

For Nuclear Medical Instruments, High Energy Physics Experiments

Introduction

The R2486 series have a bialkali photocathode, a 12-stage coarse mesh dynode structure, and multiple anode wires crossing one another in the X and Y directions. Output signals from each anode can be divided through external resistive chains and derived from X and Y electrodes as the position signals. This crossed-wire anode construction features high spatial resolution, high position linearity, and easy signal processing for scintillation imaging. A 5-inch diameter type R3292 is also available.

The R2486 series enables the acquisition of 2-dimensional information with a single tube.

Until now, the task of obtaining 2-dimensional information required the use of an arrangement of multiple PMTs. This approach was costly and required complex hardware. The R2486 series were developed as position-sensitive PMTs to enable this information acquisition with a single tube.

Subject to local technical requirements and regulations, availability of products included in this promotional material may vary. Please consult with our sales office.

Information furnished by HAMAMATSU is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. Specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights are granted to any of the circuits described herein. ©2001 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.

Applications

●

Compact Gamma Camera

●Animal PET

●Radiation Imaging

Voltage divider circuit and resistive chains for signal processing simplify connection to measuring instruments.

The following versions are available to handle various applications.

1. R2486: Flying lead type (Fig. 9)

2. R2486-01: Provided with high-voltage divider circuit; enables direct

3. R2486-02: Provided with high-voltage divider circuit and resistive

4. R2486-03: Variant type of R2486-02 having HA coating and µ-metal

5. R2486-04:

reading of signals from each anode through an IC socket. (Fig. 10)

chains for signal processing, simplifying connection to external devices. (Fig. 11)

shielding. (Fig. 12) Variant type of R2486-03 with the aluminum case. (Fig.13)

POSITION-SENSITIVE PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES R2486 SERIES

GENERAL

Parameter

Spectral Response Wavelength of Maximum Response Photocathode Material

Material

Window

Shape Thickness Index of Refraction at 420 nm

Dynode

Structure

Number of Stages Anode Number of Wires Effective Area

Description/Value Unit

MAXIMUM RATINGS

Parameter

Supply Voltage Between Anode and Cathode Average Anode Current Ambient Temperature

R2486 R2486-01, -02, -03, -04

CHARACTERISTICS (Typ. at 25 °C)

Parameter Value Unit

Cathode Sensitivity

Anode Sensitivity

Gain

Anode Dark Current

Time Response

Luminous Radiant at 420 nm Blue Sensitivity index (CS 5-58) Quantum Efficiency at 390 nm (peak) Luminous Radiant at 420 nm

Rise Time Electron Transit Time

300 to 600

420

Bialkali

Borosilicate glass

Plano-plano

3.0 ± 0.3

1.5

Coarse mesh

16 (X) + 16 (Y)

Value Unit

1300

0.1

-80 to +50

-30 to +50

80 72

9.0

36 × 10

5.0 × 10

5.5 17

nm nm

— — —

— — — —

V dc

°C

µA/lm

mA/W

—

A/lm A/W

—

ns ns

NOTES

Averaged over any interval of 30 seconds maxi-

mum. The light source is a tungsten filament lamp opera-

ted at a distribution temperature of 2856K. Supply voltage is 150 volts between the cathode and all other electrodes connected together as an anode. The value is cathode output current when a blue

filter (Corning CS No. 5-58 polished to 1/2 stock thickness) is interposed between the light source and the tube under the same condition as Note B. Measured with the same light source as Note B

and with the anode-to-cathode supply voltage and voltage distribution ratio shown in Table 1. Measured with the same supply voltage and vol-

tage distribution ratio as Note D at 30 minutes after removal of light. The rise time is the time for the output pulse to rise

from 10 % to 90 % of the peak amplitude when the entire photocathode is illuminated by a delta function light pulse. The electron transit time is the interval between

the arrival of a delta function light pulse at the entrance window of the tube and the time the output pulse reaches the peak amplitude. In measurement the entire photocathode is illuminated. In the case of R2486

Table 1: Voltage Distribution Ratio and Supply Voltage

Electrodes Distribution Ratio

Supply Voltage: 1250 V dc, K: Cathode, Dy: Dynode, P: Anode

K Dy11Dy21Dy31Dy4 Dy51Dy61Dy7

Dy8 Dy9 Dy10 Dy11 Dy12 P

111111

Figure 1: Typical Spectral Response

TPMHB0495EA

100

QUANTUM EFFICIENCY

QUANTUM EFFICIENCY (%)

0.1

CATHODE RADIANT SENSITIVITY (mA/W)

0.01 200 800600400

WAVELENGTH (nm)

CATHODE RADIANT SENSITIVITY

Figure 2: Typical Gain

TPMHB0482EB

GAIN

500300

700

1000 1500

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

Figure 3: Example of Spatial Resolution Figure 4: Example of Spatial Resolution

as a Function of Incident Photoelectrons

TPMHB0481EB

SUPPLY VOLTAGE=1250 V WAVELENGTH=565 nm SPOT SIZE= 1.0 mm SPOT INTERVAL=1.0 mm on PHOTOCATHODE NUMBER OF INCIDENT PHOTOELECTRONS=4000 per EVENT

COUNT PER CHANNEL

FWHM=0.3 mm

ANODE

PITCH= 3.75 mm NUMBER= 16 + 16 (X) (Y)

CHANNEL NUMBER

NOTE:

The above data is measured with spot light source. The spot size is 1 mm in diameter, and the wavelength is 565 nm. The light is operated in pulse mode so that light intensity of 4,000 photoelectrons is obtained. The light source is scanned with 1 mm step on the photocathode, the output signal is calculated and plotted in accordance with the position of the light source. The fluctuation of the position signal is 0.3 mm at FWHM.

TPMHB0150EC

(mm)

1.0

WAVELENGTH=565 nm SPOT SIZE= 1.0 mm

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

SPATIAL RESOLUTION (FWHM)

0.1

NUMBER OF INCIDENT PHOTOELECTRONS (per/event)

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